revista de ciencia y desarrollo sostenible en paraguay - paraquaria - junio 2013 - vol 1 num 1 -...

7/23/2019 REVISTA DE CIENCIA Y DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE EN PARAGUAY - PARAQUARIA - JUNIO 2013 - VOL 1 NUM 1 - PORT

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DFMNPOZDNl Dfmntovd `n li Vnvosti Honatjohi Uiriquiroi Aituril ns nl `ncnanrir ua knòd `n òjusoa thaohi `n lds trifimds rnlihodai`ds i oa-

vnstocihoa sdfrn li fodòvnrsoì`, usds `n li fodòvnrsoì` d ispnhtdsrnlihodai`ds i li iatrdpdldci, sdhodldci, nhdadki y pdltohis pflo-his qun tnacia qun vnr hda nl `nsirrdlld sdstnaofln na Uiricuiy. @n

ib su adkfrn Uiriquiroi, iatocud adkfrn hda nl huil sn oaòhifi ili Urdvoahoi Cociatn `n lis Oaòis. Nsti rnvosti surco hdkd anhnsoì``n dhuknatihoa djohoil n lds trifimds nsirrdlli`ds proahopilknatni trivs `n lds òstoatds prdynhtds qun li Isdhoihoa Cuyri Uiricuiy

vonan nmnhutia`d, d qun tnacia qun vnr hda nllds. Natrn lds DfmntovdsXnhuaìrods pd`nkds hotir=

9. Cnanrir ua nspihod vlo`d piri li ovulcihoa `n lds trifi-mds honatjohds y thaohds rnilozi`ds pdr Cuyri Uiricuiy ynatoì`ns/oavnstoci`drns isdhoi`ds.

6. @dhuknatir lds hdadhokonatds i`quoro`ds na rnlihoa i lisOFIs y dtris rnis `n oatnrs `nl pis.

8. Urdvnnr li dpdrtuaoì` piri hotir lds trifimds rnilozi`ds nanl kirhd `n li nmnhuhoa `n lds prdynhtds `n hdasnrvihoa`natrd `n ua kirhd jdrkil (hipotilozir nxpnronahois).

0. Cnanrir fisns thaohis honatjohis piri nl kianmd `n rnis

aiturilns na vosti `nl `nsirrdlld sdstnaofln.>. Hdavnrtorsn na uai puflohihoa oa`nxiì.

Prifimds qun pun`na snr puflohi`ds li rnvostiXo fona, li rnvosti sn najdhir pirtohulirknatn na nl tnki ivns, prd-pod `nl dfmntovd oastotuhodail `n Cuyri Uiricuiy, ad sn fushi hrniruai rnvosti antiknatn draotdlcohi `nfo`d i li vironì` tnktohi `n ldsprdynhtds nsirrdlli`ds pdr Cuyri Uiricuiy i ld lircd n su bostdroi.Pikpdhd sn fushi lokotir li tnktohi i ua kfotd fodlcohd `nfo`d ilis anhnsoì`ns `n hdadhokonatds kultosnhtdroilns piri nl `nsirrdlld `nkirhds n nsirrdlld sdstnaofln vlo`ds. Lds tnkis sucnro`ds ifirhia=

9. Vnsulti`ds n trifimds n dfsnrvihoa `n ivns, losti ds,hbnhglosts, aunvds rncostrds, ivojiuai

6. Nstuòds `n pdflihodans solvnstrns `n huilquonr crupd

8. Vnsulti`ds n kdaotdrnds n li fodòvnrsoì`0. Nstuòds fdtaohds y jdrnstilns>. Vnsulti`ds n trifimds sdhoilns:. Vnsulti`ds y iviahns `n lds trifimds n rnjdrnstihoa y rns-

tiurihoa nhdlcohi3. Ialosos XOC sdfrn kdaotdrnds nl hikfod n usd nl sunld,

ialosos CIU y dtrds2. @njoaohoa y hirihtnrozihoa n nhd-rncodans/ sufrncodans

nhdlcohis?. Nstuòds kdlnhulirns sdfrn nspnhons solvnstrns95. Nstuòds sdhodnhdakohds y `n `nsirrdlld sustnatifln.99. Nstuòds sdhoilns y iatrdpdlcohds `n rnlnviahoi piri nl usd

`n li fodòvnrsoì`96. Hdahonahoihoa, honahoi houììai y trifimds rnlitovds i li

hipihotihoa `n cnatn

Udltohis NòtdroilnsNl kirhd rnjnrnahoil piri li ihnptihoa y nshroturi `n irthulds hona-tjohds sn fisi na nl kitnroil `n rnjnrnahoi= Vnìhhoa Phaohi yHonatjohi n Urdynhtds y Pnsos I. I. _iadsgy (6559). Xoa nkfircd,piri `njoaor lds rnquosotds prdpods `n uai rnvosti honatjohi sn iplohiralds hrotnrods y jdrkis prn-nstiflnhoìs snca li puflohihoa Nhdldcy& Xdhonty (vnr= www.nhdldcyia`sdhonty.drc/), qun tonan ua dfmnto-

vd sokolir i nsti puflohihoa (puflohihoa `n virois oshoploais). Ldstrifimds navoi`ds pun`na hdrrnspda`nr i Oavnstocihodans(IrthuldsHonatjohds d Uipnrs) d i Adtis Honatjohis. Xld lis oavnstocihodanssnra irfotriìs y, ad dfstiatn, lis Adtis snra supnrvosiìs pdr ldsnòtdrns.

OAZNXPOCIHODANX=Irthulds HonatjohdsXufkosodans ifonrtis Xumntds i Vnvosoa (Unnr rnvonwn )

Nstds hdkprna`na irthulds fisi`ds na rnsulti`ds n oavnstoci-hodans drocoailns. Nl irthuld na lntris ad pun`n nxhn`nr `n >.555pilifris, pnrd pun`n hdatnanr ua aknrd rizdaifln n ipaòhns`n huilquonr topd (tiflis, crjohds, hui`rds `n tnxtds, jocuris, nth.).

Xn rnhdkonaì li jdrki fsohi `n td`d topd `n oavnstocihoa hda lispirtns= Vnsukna/Ifstriht Oatrdùhhoa Ktd`ds @oshusoa Hdahlusodans Icri`nhokonatds y Foflodcriji. Xn jivdrnhnra ipa-òhns `n tikids hdaso`nriflns sld na lds hisds `n losti`ds `n nspnhonsd `n nstrohti anhnsoì`. Lds irthulds pd`ra snr nshrotds na Nspidl dOacls.

Lis rnclis `n nshroturi sn fisira na lds socuonatns puatds=Ptuld y rnsukna foloacn, nspidl n oacls.

Uilifris hlivn=`nfna isocairsn il knads huitrd pilifris hlivn,socuona`d li socuonatn lcohi mnrrquohi= @oshoploai, Nhdrncoa d rncoacndcrjohi, crupd `n nspnhon d nspnhon, rnsulti`d d `nshufrokonatd ksrnlnviatn, Znr nmnkpld.

Oatrdùhhoa Ktd`d @oshusoa Hdahlusodans Icri`n-hokonatds y Foflodcriji `nfna snr nshrotds na Nspidl d na Oacls.Lis hotihodans sncuora i lds jdrkitds nstiflnho`ds pdr Nhdldcy ia`Xdhonty vnr= bttp=//www.nhdldcyia`sdhonty.drc/ifdut/sufkossodas.pbp#sufkossoda.

Pdìs lis okcnans sn `nadkoaira Jocuris, yi snia jdtds, ò-fumds, kipis, òsnds u dtrds. Pikfoa pun`na prnsnatirsn crjohdsna lds hisds `n ialosos nsti`stohds nspnhoilns lds qun sn hdaso`nrira

tikfoa hdkd Jocuris. Li knahoa na nl tnxtd pun`n snr Jocuri/Jocurn #d (Joc. #), AD hotir vnr jocuri #.

Nl rnstd `n li oajdrkihoa pun`n prnsnatirsn na jdrki `n Piflisitnaòna`d i prnsnatir li jdrki sokplojohiì `n tiflis, ns `nhor hda uailani il ttuld y il joail `n li tifli, soa lanis snpiri`dris `n hdlukais.

Nl oòdki `n fisn(nspidl d oacls) ns nl qun llnvi lntri adrkil.Pdìs lis knahodans na oòdkis òjnrnatns nfnra llnvir hursovi.

@nfn sncuorsn lis socuonatns rnhdknaìhodans il kdknatd `n nshro-for lis pirtns, itnaòna`d sonkprn i kixokozir li nhdadki `n pilifris(nvotn prrijds hdkplohi`ds, usn jrisns sokplns y òrnhtis snpiriìs pdrpuatds).

Hotis na nl PnxtdXn `nfna sncuor lis socuonatns rnclis `n hotihoa `n iutdrns, na nlhunrpd `nl tnxtd, hdkd socun= Lds nstolds sn fisia na li jdrki fsohicnanril qun ns (Iutdr id) d Iutdr (id) Wp.nm. lis ivns kocritdrois

pdsia na li Fibi (Hliy 655>)7 d Hdkd ijorki Hliy (655>) lisivns pdsia na li Fibi[. AD Llnvi oaohoilns, ao hdki, ao vnr, aopuatd natrn iutdr y id.@nspus sn prnsnati uai vironì` `n hisds qun sda=

i. (Iutdr 9 y Iutdr 6 id) d Iutdr 9 y Iutdr 6 (id) na nlhisd `n `ds iutdrns.

f. (Iutdrnt il.id) d Iutdrnt il. (id) piri trns d ks iu-tdrns.Il.Llnvi puatd pdr snr ifrnvoituri y cnanrilknatn snpdan na otlohiyi qun ns uai ifrnvoihoa litoaint il.; nt

iloo; y dtrds= y hdlifdri`drns.Adti= na hisd `n trifimds òjnrnatns li koski iutdri y nl koskd idsn òjnrnahoia na Id i, Id fp.nm. Hliy (655>i, 655>f).

Vnjnrnahois foflodcrjohisLi Foflodcriji hdasostor na uai losti `n lis puflohihodans y sotods `noatnrant hoti`ds na nl tnxtd. @nfna jocurir sld lds iutdrns hoti`ds,nvotia`d icrncir puflohihodans soa rnjnrnahois. Xn socuna lis oaò-hihodans prnsnatiìs pdr _iadsgy (6559) y piri kiydr hlirojohihoasn knahodaia ilcuais rnhdknaìhodans. Lis rnjnrnahois hdkplntis`n li Foflodcriji tonan uai nstruhturi fsohi y virois viroiatns `nihunr`d i so ns ua ipirti`d `n ua lofrd hdlncoi`d, so ns ua lofrd dso ns ua irthuld `n rnvosti (pipnr, cihntolli) d so ns ua sotod `noatnrant d ua oajdrkn oatnrad oahlusd. Na cnanril li nstruhturis sda(`n li fsohi i li ks hdkplnmi)=

i. Uiri Vnvostis= Ipnllo`d, Oaohoil `n Adkfrn. Id. Ptuld.Vnvosti adkfrn. Zdl(A)=pic-pic - p.nm=Hliy, V.U. 655>. Pd`d ld qun quosd sifnr sdfrn Li Fiboi`n Isuahoa. Hdatoaci 68(6)=680-600

f. Uiri Lofrds= Ipnllo`d, Oaohoil `n Adkfrn. Id. Ptuld.

Nòtdri. Houì`. Uics na tdtil. U.nm=Hliy, V.U. 655>. Itlis `n li Fibi `n Isuahoa. CuyriUiricuiy, Isuahoa. 80>pp

h. Lofrds y rnvostis piri nl hisd `n @DX iutdrns= Ipnllo`d,Oaohoil `n Adkfrn `nl 9nr iutdr +y+ Oaohoil `n Adkfrnsy Ipnllo`d `nl 6`d iutdr. Id. Ptuld. Vnvosti adkfrn.

Uiriquiroi AIP^VILVnvosti `n Honahoi y @nsirrdlld Xdstnaofln na Uiricuiy


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ADPIX N@OPDVOILNX

Zdl(A)=pic-pic, p.nm=Hliy, V.U. y I. _iadsgy. 655>. Pd`d ld qun quosd sifnr sdfrnLi Fiboi `n Isuahoa. Hdatoaci 68(6)=680-600ADPI= ad usn ia` d & d hdkis natrn oaohoilns, sld nlproknr iutdr oavonrtn su ipnllo`d.

`. Zirods iutdrns= Ipnllo`d, Oaohoil `n Adkfrn, Oaohoil `nAdkfrn(puatd) Ipnllo`d, Oaohoil `n Adkfrn Ipnllo`d, ....(bisti hdkplntir lds iutdrns til hdkd sn hoti na li dfri) + y+ Oaohoil n Adkfrn Ipnllo`d. Id. Ptuld. Vnvosti adkfrn.

Zdl(A)=pic-pic Uiri nl hisd n trns d ks iutdrns... o`nkna lofrds. Xn pdana td`ds lds iutdrns. U.nm=Hliy, V.U., I. _iadsgy, M. Hdrdhbd, M.L. Urnz y L. Lpnz.655>. Pd`d ld qun quosd sifnr sdfrn Li Fiboi `n Isuahoa.Hdatoaci 68(6)=680-600

n. Lofrds hdlncoi`ds= Ipnllo`d, Adkfrn + Id + Ptuld + Oa+ Ipnllo`d, Adkfrn `nl(ds) nòtdr(ns) + (N`.) + Ptuld. +Nòtdri + Houì` + Uic-pic (`nl hiptuld). Uiri hiptulds nlofrds hdlncoi`ds. U.nm.Hliy, V.U. 655>. Pd`d ld qun quosd sifnr sdfrn Li Fiboi `n

Isuahoa. Oa Hirtns, M.L. (N`.) Lofrd `n rnis Okpdrtiatnspiri li Hdasnrvihoa `n lis Ivns na Uiricuiy. Cuyri Uiri-cuiy. Isuahoa 680-600ppCnanrilknatn sn ihdstukfri hotir i td`ds lds iutdrns nahirci-`ds `n li nòhoa (cnanrilknatn ad ks `n trns).

ADPIX HONAPJOHIX D PHAOHIX

Lis adtis pun`na hdasostor na rnvosodans `n lofrds, rnvostis, dtris pu-flohihodans, hdknatirods, voimns, d adtis `n oatnrs pflohd. Li jdrki `nnsti snhhoa ns lofrn, ad dfstiatn `nfn sncuor lds `nloanikonatds `n usd`n topd, loani`d, ad `nfn llnvir jocuris d tiflis na ld pdsofln y koaokozirli foflodcriji.

Xn ilonati tikfoa il navd `n irthulds `n hirhtnr bostrohd, rnvo-sodans `n nxpnòhodans pisiìs d hdknatirods qun bihna i li hulturi yhdadhokonatd cnanril. Nstis adtis `nfna tikfoa fisirsn na hrotnrodsslo`ds, rnjnrnahois rnhdadhoìs y honrtd nsprotu `n rnvosoa hrtohi yprdjnsodail nl tnki `nsirrdlli`d.

Lds nòtdrns sn tdkira li pdtnsti` `n rnvosir lis Adtis, n oahlusd `n

hdasultir i nxpnrtds rnhdadho`ds na nl rni piri su rnvosoa.

OAPVD@^HHOA Nl kdtovd d prdpsotd `n su oavnstocihoa `nfn ipirnhnr na li Oatrdùhhoa. Na huiatd pliatnn li(s)prncuati(s), tikfoa fusqun rnspda`nr i lds pliatnikonatds, y natdahns prdvnnr ilcuai oajdrkihoa n li

fisn bostrohi qun sni nstrohtiknatn anhnsiroi piri hdkprna nr òhbis prncuatis.

KPD@D(X) Urdvni li oajdrkihoa sujohonatn piri qun su trifimd sni hdkprnasofln y rnplohifln pdr dtrds. @nfn oahdrpdriruai hliri `nshrophoa `n su òsnd nxpnroknatil, sus prdhnòkonatds `n kunstrnds is hdkd lds prdhnòkona-tds nsti`stohds utolozi`ds. Xo utolozi prdùhtds kiaujihturi`ds `nfn prdvnnr li kirhi y rncostrd `nl koskd, y`n snr pdsofln nl aknrd `nl kd`nld. Urdvni `n lis hotihodans hdkplntis oahluyna`d iutdr(ns) d nòtdr(ns), ynl ttuld, id y aknrd `n vnrsoa piri lds hisds `n sdjtwirns.

Adti= sn nkplni li pilifri Ktd`d y ad Kntd`dldci

VNX^LPI@DX Lds rnsulti`ds `nfna snr hdahosds y soa aoacuai oatnrprntihoa. Uun`n dfvoirsn n oahluorsn td`d hdkd pirtn`n @oshusoa so ns `n prnjnrnahoi `nl iutdr.

@OXH^XOA Najqunsn na lds ispnhtds ivili`ds pdr su nstuòd, nvotia`d oatnrprntihodans qun nshipia il ilhiahn `nl kos-kd. Huoì`dsiknatn `nfn òjnrnahoir lds rnsulti`ds `n su nstuòd `n lds ìtds dftnao`ds `n dtris junatns.Oatnrprntn sus rnsulti`ds, rnlihoanlds hda lds rnsulti`ds `n oavnstocihodans prnvois, y òshuti lis okplohiahois.@nstiqun lds rnsulti`ds qun ad i`kotna nspnhulihodans d lis hdahlusodans `n li oavnstocihoa iatnrodr, qunsnia dfmntovis. Uun`n nlncor oahdrpdrir uai suf-snhhoa `da`n prnsnatn ilcuais aunvis o`nis, boptnsos iltnr-aitovis d rnhdknaìhodans qun suconri ilcuads `n sus rnsulti`ds, d qun hdkpirn y hdatristn su oavnstocihoahda dtris rnis d piri pdsohodair ilcuais aunvis prncuatis hdkd rnsulti`d `n su nstuòd, y `da`n suconriilcuais jdrkis `n rnspda`nr i lis koskis. Nsti suf-snhhoa `nfnr òjnrnahoirsn riòhilknatn `n li iatnrodr

fimd lds ttulds `n Udsoflns ilhiahns, Okplohiahois juturis d Ks ill n lds rnsulti`ds.

HDAHL^XOA Xo lds rnsulti`ds y lis oajnrnahois dftnaoìs iknrotia, sn rnhdkonaì rnsiltir lis hdahlusodans proahopilnssdstnaoìs pdr su nstuòd.

FOFLODCVIJI Li Foflodcriji sn rnjonrn i li lotnrituri hdasultiì piri rnilozir nl nstuòd. @nfn hda ua nspihod fliahd natrnhotis `n li losti y sncuor lds hisds oaòhi`ds.

NAZD @N KIA^XHVOPDX

Lds kiaushrotds `nfna nstir na lntri HILOFVO 95. Lds prrijds`nfna tnanr ua nspihoi`d `n 9,>. Lds ttulds `nfna hdrrnspda`nrsni ld pliatni`d irrofi, bisti sufttuld 9. @nfna nstir jdrkitni`dsna bdmi Pikid I0. @nfna llnvir uai picoaihoa sokpln ifimd i li`nrnhbi.

AD @NFN VNILO]IVXN AOACAI N@OHOA, AO IHPOZIVI^PDKIPOXKDX, AO ICVNCIV JOC^VIX _ PIFLIX.

Xn `nfn nshrofor `n li jdrki ks snaholli y sokpln pdsofln, soa nahi-fnzi`ds ao pon `n pcoai.

Lis jocuris y tiflis, `nfoìknatn rnjnrnahoiìs na nl tnxtd, `nfnaicrncirsn na bdmis snpiriìs il joail `nl trifimd. âi (9) pcoai pdrhiì tifli d jocuri. Na hisd `n ianxds, nstds sn nfna auknrir Ian-xd 9, Ianxd 6, y icrncirlds `nspus `n lis tiflis y jocuris.

Lds trifimds `nfna snr navoi`ds i= piriquiroi-nòtdrEckiol.hdk yrnhofora uai hdajorkihoa n rnhnphoa.

UVDHNXD @N VNZOXOA _ IVFOPVODNl pdstuliatn `nfn prdpdanr il knads ua rnvosdr `n su trifimd. @n adsnr is, lds nòtdrns sn cuirìa nl `nrnhbd `n oavotir i prdjnsodailns`nl rni piri qun rnvosna lds trifimds.

Lds nòtdrns rnilozira uai proknri rnvosoa nl kitnroil navoi`d piri

isncurir uai kaoki hiloì` `n nshroturi (`n jdrki y `n drtdcriji/snkatohi). Udstnrodrknatn, snra hdasulti`ds lds rfotrds oavoti`dsy/d rnhdknaì`ds. Li rnvosoa ad ùrir ks `n trns knsns `ns`n liprnpirihoa n li nòhoa nl aknrd hdrrnspdaònatn.

Unrodòhoì`Xn nspnri pd`nr puflohir na nl id 9 il knads trns aknrds (hiìhuitrd knsns).

UuflohihoaLi puflohihoa snr na vnrsoa òcotil `n li rnvosti (U@J) hda suhdrrnspdaònatn aknrd n OXXA, ospdaofln na li wnf n CuyriUiricuiy.


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MÂOD 6598

Cuyri Uiricuiy

HDAXNMD N@OPDVOIL@ornhtdr= @r. Ilfnrtd _iadsgyHND Cuyri Uiricuiy

Xnhrntiri n Vnìhhoa=KXh. Mds L. Hirtns

Oavnstoci`dr Oa`npnaònatn Aovnl O,

UVDAOO

Vnvosti Honatjohi Uiriquiroi Aituril

Honahois Aiturilns, @nsirrdlld Xustnatifln, Uiricuiy. Xupnrvosiì y irfotriì pdr pirns.

@nrnhbds Vnsnrvi`ds pitrokdaoilns n li Isdhoihoa Cuyri Uiricuiy. 6598

Znrsoa Da Loan= www.cuyri.drc.py

OXXA= na prdcrnsd

6598

Xnhrntiri I`muati n Vnìhhoa=KXh. Uonr Hihhoilo Xdsi

Oavnstoci`dr Isdhoi`d

VNZOXDVNX X^XHVOUPDX@r. Vdf Udpln

@r. Jnraia`d Xtriufn

@r. N`cir`d Jldtd@r. Naroqun Fuhbnr

@r. Jldy` Biyns

@r. Vdf Hliy

@ri. Hirdl Lovnly

@r. Mok Gusblia

@r. Colfnrtd Unz ( 69-ROO-6596)

Nòhoa y @oicrikihoa=Uonr Hihhoilo y Mds L. Hirtns

@osnd NòtdroilXdjoi Ircnlld

IXDHOIHOA C^_VI UIVICÎ_

HDAXNVZIHOA @N IZNXCintiad Kirtoad 69>, HU 9>2:. HH 9986Isuahoa, Uiricuiy

www.cuyri.drc.py

Pnls= (+>?>69) 668 >:3, 66? 5?3

Kiol= cuyri.piricuiyEcuyri.drc.py

Hirti n Urnsnatihoa

XNHHOA IVPH^LDX

IHPÎLO]IHOA @N LI LOXPI HDKNAPI@I @N IZNX @NL UIVICÎ_(Cuyri Uiricuiy 6550).

Bucd `nl Hislld.

VNUDVP DJ PBN FIP HDAXNVZIPODA IA@ KIAICNKNAP SDVGXBDU PVIOAOAC.Knrloa Puln, LuosJ. Icuorrn, Pn` Snllnr ia` GitbroaFirfdzi.

IZOJIÂI IXDHOI@I I LDX H^LPOZDX @N IVVD] NA UIVICÎ_. Hros-ai Kdrilns, Bucd @nl Hislld, XolvoiHnatra y Jnraia`d Uilihods.

UIPVDANX @N ^XD @N JIÂI NA LIVNXNVZI @N UIPVOKDAOD IHB @NG^NP^Z_, HIAOA@N_. Xolvoi Hna-tra, Vd`rocd ]ritn, Iatdaod Hbovucuo,Kira Ihbopuriacuo, Nlnai Kiynrn-

ccnr y Mds L. Hirtns.

XNHHOA ADPIX

PBN HBILLNACN DJ HDAXNVZOACI AIP^VIL HBIHD BIFOPIP.Ilfnrtd _iadsgy.

IHNVHI @N LIX NRPNAXODANX @NHNVVI@DX _ HNVVI@DANX NA NLUIVICÎ_. Jki Knrnlns.

LI ^VCNAHOI @N PDKIV KN@O@IX HDVVNHPIX IL VNXUNHPD

@NL KIANMD @N VNIX UVDPNCO@IX. Mds L. Hirtns.

:

>

95

93

6>

86

8>

8?

HDKD KIAPNANVADX NA HDAPIHPDXushrophodans= sushrophodanspiriquiroiEcuyri.drc.py

Pnls=(+>?>69) 668 >:3, 66? 5?3Uiriquiroi daloan= www.cuyri.drc.py/puflohihodansnlnhtrdaohis/piriquiroi-aituril

XC^NADX

jihnfddg.hdk/cuyripiricuiy

twotnr.hdk/cuyripiricuiy

MÂOD 6598 HDAPNAO@D


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UIVIYÎVOI AIP^VIL >

Cd` `dnsat pliy òhn= @ods ad munci i lds ì-`ds, snri li triùhhoa piri nsti hoti kuaòilknatnhdadhoì, nxprnsiì pdr nl cria honatjohd Ilfnrt Noas-

tnoa, qun jun (y snr) uai `n lis knatns ks frolliatnsqun sn ivdh i li hdkprnasoa `n lds jnaknads `nli aiturilnzi. ^suilknatn, nstn cria pnasikonatd nskiloatnrprnti`d, yi qun i proknri vosti ipirnati qunnstn honatjohd oajua`n li o`ni `n li nxostnahoi `n @ods,y qun l nst nahirci`d `n hdatrdlir il kua`d na nlqun vovokds. Xoa nkfircd, li knahoa vi ks ill `nli nxostnahoi d ad `n ua snr supnrodr, n oaòhi rnilkna-tn qun li aiturilnzi nst rncoì pdr lnyns jsohis qunkiatonana li òakohi y nl nquolofrod `nl uaovnrsd.

Kuhbis pnrsdais pun`na pnasir qun pdr nl hda-trirod, tiatd nl uaovnrsd hdkd tdì li voì sdfrn nl

plianti ad sn imustia i lnyns, y qun nxostn ilnitdronì`na td`ds lds sostnkis vovds y ad vovds, y qun pdr òhbiriza nxostna viroihodans kdrjdlcohis `natrd `n uaikoski nspnhon, d òjnrnahois na nl hrnhokonatd nalis rizis bukiais na nl kua`d, d `nsocuilì` na linrdsoa nlohi `n lis kdatiis, d prdflnkis ùriatnli hdpoi `nl kitnroil cnatohd qun ihirrni najnrknì-`ns hdacaotis, d hikfods na lds pnrd`ds `n jldrihoa`n ilcuais pliatis. Pd`d nstd ns honrtd, y sn pnrhofnli ilnitdronì` oatrasnhi na nstds prdhnsds. Unrd uaihdsi nst hliri, y ns qun nxostn uai tna`nahoi. Nxostnuai tna`nahoi i li qun td`ds lds prdhnsds fodlcohdsd oatnrihhodans jsohis sn imustia. @n dtri kianri, adnxostoria honahois hdkd li Urdfifoloì` y Nsti`stohiqun fushia rnhdadhnr nsi tna`nahoi.

Udr ld tiatd, li voì ns hdkplnmi y òjhol `n hdk-prna`nr7 pnrd ns nvo`natn qun triti `n imustirsn i uapirkntrd rnculi`d pdr lis lnyns jsohis (y is koskdtikfoa qukohis y fodlcohis) qun rnhdadho IlfnrtNoastnoa. @ns`n qun nl snr bukiad bi rnhdadho`dli nxostnahoi `n nstis lnyns, bi `nòhi`d su voì i lihdkprnasoa `n lis lnyns aiturilns, piri `n nsti ki-anri pd`nr `dkoair y utolozir lds rnhursds aiturilnshda lds qun nl snr bukiad bi oatnrihhodai`d `ns`nsus drcnans.

Ihtuilknatn, sifnkds qun li utolozihoa `n ldsrnhursds aiturilns pdr pirtn `nl snr bukiad jun`nsknòì, y Uiricuiy y li rncoa ad nshipia i òhbisotuihoa, hda uai pròì `n rnhursds aiturilns qunpda`ri na ronscd li hdatoauoì` `n lds snrvohods qunprdvnna lds nhdsostnkis. Bdy na ì, Uiricuiy hda-toai hda hikfods i lds usds `n li tonrri y cria pirtn`n lds rnhursds fodlcohds nstiria sona`d snvnriknatnijnhti`ds, soa ua sncuokonatd thaohd y honatjohd. Lihonahoi kuaòil y rncodail iviaz i cria`ns pisdspiri oatnatir hdkprna`nr lds òjnrnatns ispnhtds `nli voì na tdìs sus jdrkis, y lis oatnrihhodans, tiatd

hda dtrds snrns vovds, hdkd hda su natdrad ifotohd.Nl dfmntovd prokdròil `n td`d nstd ns ldcrir uai hda-vovnahoi y irkdai natrn nl snr bukiad y su natdrad7soa nkfircd, na nstn kirhd Uiricuiy sn bi qunì`drnzici`d, hda pdhi oajdrkihoa thaohd-honatjohi

òspdaofln, puflohiì y viloìì pdr li hdkuaoì` thaohd-honatjohi. Udr nstn kdtovd, na nl nshnairod oatnraihodail snbi `nadkoai`d il Uiricuiy hdkd li Pnrri oahdcaoti, il

knads `ns`n nl puatd `n vosti `n lis honahois aiturilns.Cria pirtn `n li oajdrkihoa sdfrn li huil sn `nfnria

tdkir `nhosodans pnrkianhn na li lotnrituri cros. Ns nanstn kirhd qun Cuyri Uiricuiy, cnanria`d oajdrkihoathaohd-honatjohi `ns`n bihn ks `n 9> ids, i trivs `nsus prdjnsodailns, `n sus pisiatns, tnsostis, `n sus oavnsto-ci`drns isdhoi`ds, `n lds hdavnaods hda âovnrsoì`ns ai-hodailns y nxtriamnris, fushi pd`nr froaìr li oajdrkihoacnanriì na uai jdrki hliri, njohonatn, vnriz n oaknòiti.Nstds ìtds kuhbis vnhns sn ponr`na na li knatiì lotnri-turi cros, na oajdrkns y `dhuknatds qun sn irhbovia, soadpdrtuaoì` `n rnhdadhnrsn nl oaknasd vildr qun pdsnna,

y knads ia `n iplohirsn il `nsirrdlld `n kiydr hdadho-konatd na nl pis.

Udr nsti riza, Cuyri Uiricuiy liaziUiriquiroiAi-turil, hdkd ua nspihod na nl huil lds prdjnsodailns `n lishonahois aiturilns y sdhoilns, pun`na nxpdanr sus trifimds`n oavnstocihoa, sus hdknatirods, y sus dfsnrvihodans,kiydrknatn na nl kirhd `nl ihhodair oastotuhodail, y ishdatrofuor i nsn hdadhokonatd cldfil sdfrn li òvnrsoì`fodlcohi, hda ajisos na Uiricuiy, is hdkd i cnanriruai knmdr oatnrihhoa natrn nl snr bukiad y lds rnhursdsaiturilns.

Uiriquiroivonan tikfoa i rnaòr ua bdknaimn il fo-hnatnairod `n li Oa`npna`nahoi `nl Uiricuiy, rnknkdria-`d nl adkfrn drocoairod `n li cria prdvoahoi `nl Uiricuiyd `n Uiriquiroina su vnrsoa litoaoziì. Il knads nsijun su oatnahoa drocoail huia`d oaohoikds nstn trifimd,`n jdrki kuy natusoisti y hda kuhbis òjohulti`ns. Hdanl iòtovd `n Aituril sn fushi dronatir lis puflohihodansqun tnacia qun vnr hda nl isdkfrdsd natdrad aituril qunhirihtnrozi il Uiricuiy. Xn najitozi qun nl dfmntovd prokdr-òil ns nl `n jdrkilozir lds rnsulti`ds dftnao`ds na trifi-mds kultoòshoploairods qun tnacia qun vnr hda nl iasoi`d`nsirrdlld sustnatifln `nl pis.

Nspnrikds `n nsti kianri tikfoa pd`nr kdtovir i lihdkuaoì` honatjohi `n Uiricuiy i puflohir sus billizcds

na prd `nl hdadhokonatd y nl sifnr honatjohd, na fnanjohodtiatd `n aunstrd pis, hdkd `n aunstrd plianti. _ qun nstnhdadhokonatd ads pnrkoti tdkir `nhosodans nstritcohispiri nl @nsirrdlld Xustnatifln `nl Uiricuiy y li rncoa,ipdyi`ds na uai Nhdadki fisiì na ua Hrnhokonatd Znr-`n (crnna crdwtb)y `n fimis nkosodans `n cisns `n njnhtdoavnrai`nrd.

Lds NòtdrnsIfrol `n 6598

ADPI @N LDX N@OPDVNX


6/44

UIVIYÎVOI AIP^VIL :

Ihtuilozihoa `n li losti hdknatiì`n lis ivns `n Uiricuiy (Cuyri Uiricuiy 6550)

@nl iutdrHda lohnahoi nxhlusovi i Cuyri Uiricuiy.@nl Hislld 6598. Ihtuilozihoa n li lostihdknatiì `n ivns `nl Uiricuiy.Uiriq. Ait.9(9)= :-?.www.cuyri.drc.py

B^CD @NL HIXPOLLDCuyri UiricuiyCintiad Kirad 69>.Isuahoa, Uiricuiy.

Hdatihtd= bucd`hEcuyri.drc.py

VNX^KNA=Li losti hdknatiì `n lis ivns `n

Uiricuiy (Cuyri Uiricuiy 6550) ihtuiloz nl

hdadhokonatd n lis nspnhons n ivns na Uiricuiyy nlnv li losti n nspnhons nl pis i :?3, n lis

hulns :2> junrda hdaso`nriìs dhuknatiìs

hda uai prunfi= nsphokna n kusnd, jdtd,

vo`nd, d nshrophoa ntilliì y puflohiì, y 96

nspnhons junrda hdaso`nriìs pnaònatns n

`dhuknatihoa= nspnhons hda rncostrds vosuilns

d iuòvds hdaiflns pnrd soa `dhuknatihoa

sohi. Nsti puflohihoa iuknat na >6 nspnhons

li losti nl pis luncd n li qun hot :0> nspnhons.

Li prnsnatn ihtuilozihoa il id 6599 iuknati li

losti i 399 nspnhons hda li iòhoa n 9: nspnhons

y li nlokoaihoa n ds, li losti ihtuil n ivns

`nl Uiricuiy oahluyn 359 nspnhons dhukna-

tiìs, i`nks n onz nspnhons pnaònatns n

`dhuknatihoa.

UILIFVIX HLIZN=Uiricuiy, ivns, losti`d `n

nspnhons, Xuìkrohi, Andtrpohd.

OAPVD@^HHOAPd`ds lds pisns y tnrrotdrods llnvia ua oavnatirod fodlcohd `n suroqunzi aituril. suilknatn lds oavnatirods n ivns sda lds kshdadho`ds pdr snr uad `n lds crupds ks pdpulirns hdkd dfmntd`n nstuòd honahd is hdkd `n nhdturoskd.

Kuhbds pisns puflohia sus oavnatirods na jdrki `n hbnhglostdlosti`ds. Uiri Ikrohi nl Xur, li dfri ks rnhdadhoì da`n snlostia nspnhons pdr hiì pis ns li `n Xtdtznt il. (9??:). Ibdribiy ihtuilozihodans òspdaoflns na Oatnrant na nl sod `nlXdutb

Iknrohia Hlissohida Hdkkonn`n liIknrohia Draotbdldcostsâoda(Vnksna nt il.6599).

@ns`n su hrnihoa na 9??3, Cuyri Uiricuiy bi lo`nri`d lisostnkizihoa `nl hdadhokonatd sdfrn lis ivns `n Uiricuiy,kiatnaona`d uai fisn `n ìtds hda td`ds lds rncostrds aunvdsn bostrohds qun sn ihtuilozi hdastiatnknatn hda oajdrkihoaprdpoi y `n tnrhnrds crihois i oatnasis hikpiis `n kdaotdrnd,oavnscihoa y nhdturoskd. Na li fisn `n ìtds sn oahdrpdriaaunvds `nshufrokonatds, hikfods na lis hitncdris `n iknaizi yihtuilozihodans tixdakohis. Na nl prnsnatn irhuld sn prnsnatiuai losti ihtuiloziì `n lis nspnhons `n ivns `dhuknatiìs na nlpis bisti nl id 6599.

Li Losti Hdknatiì `n lis Ivns `n Uiricuiy jun nlifdriì pdrBucd `nl Hislld y Vdfnrt Hliy na nl id 6550 (Cuyri Uiricuiy6550). Na òhbd trifimd, sn rnhdadhonrda :?3 nspnhons `n ivnsprnsnatns na nl pis, sona`d :2> lis nspnhons `dhuknatiìshda uai prunfi sohi d `nshrophoa `ntilliì puflohiì y 96 lisnspnhons huyi prnsnahoi hirnhn n `dhuknatihoasohi pnrd snhunati hda rncostrds hdaiflns. I`nks sn lostirda :8 nspnhonshdaso`nriìs bopdthis na `ds hitncdris= 88 pdsoflns y 85ù`dsis7 y pdr lkd 82 nspnhons na uai hitncdri llikiì ad

nviluiì. Nstis lkis hitncdris nacldfirda i tdìs lis nspn-hons qun ilcuai vnz bia so`d hotiìs piri nl pis pnrd soa `ntillnsnspnhhds ao prunfis `n su prnsnahoi. Xoa nkfircd, nstis nspn-hons junrda hdaso`nriìs jihflns `n ipirnhnr na Uiricuiy y nanl juturd sn nspnrifi qun puònsna snr hdarkiìs.

KPD@DUiri li nlifdrihoa `nl losti`d draotdlcohd `n ua pis sn socunailcuais rnclis fsohis=

Oahluor tdìs lis nspnhons qun ilcuai vnz biyia so`drncostriìs na nl tnrrotdrod aihodail iuaqun yi ad nxostiad auahi sn biyia vunltd i vnr, oahluyna`d i lis nspnhonsnxatis.

Oahluor lis nspnhons `dhuknatiìs hda uai prunfi sohi `nsu dhurrnahoi hdkd nsphokna `n kusnd, jdtdcrii, vo`ndd crifihoa irhboviì y puflohiì y trifimds puflohi`dspdr prdjnsodailns.

Pdìs lis `nks sn oahluyna na uai losti `n nspnhons bopd-this. Na nstn trifimd y na hdaauihoa i ld nxpunstd naCuyri Uiricuiy (6550) sn kianmi uai hitncdri oatnrkn-òi qun sda lis nspnhons pnaònatns `n `dhuknatihoa=nspnhons qun hunatia hda rncostrds vosuilns d iuòvdshdaiflns pnrd soa prunfi sohi `n dhurrnahoi.

Na nl prnsnatn trifimd sn rnhdkpolirda lds hikfods suhnò`ds `ns-`n ld puflohi`d na 6550 na li fisn `n ìtds `n fodòvnrsoì` `nCuyri Uiricuiy. Is sn nviluirda lds aunvds rncostrds, y lis nspn-hons pnaònatns qun junrda `dhuknatiìs y lis nspnhons rnhbizi-ìs. Iqu sn prnsnati ua rnsukna `n lds rncostrds qun hunatia hda`dhuknatihoa sohi. Kiydrns itds n nstds rncostrds y dtrds soa`dhuknatihoa snra pufloi`ds na dtrds irhulds ihtuilknatn naprnpirihoa. Li hlisohihoa qun sn socun ns li `nl XIHH (Vnksnant il.vnrs. Xnpt. 6596). Na nl Ipaòhn 9 sn prnsnati uaciznnnr`n lds sods knahodai`ds.

IFXP VIHP= Pbn Hbnhglost dj tbn For`s dj Uiricuiy

(Cuyri Uiricuiy 6550) prnsnatn` ia upìtn`

lost dj tbn for`s dj Uiricuiy, oahrnisoac tbn lost djfor`s gadwa jrdk tbn hduatry td :?3. Dj tbnsn,

tbn dhhurrnahn dj :2> spnhons wis hdaso`nrn`

`dhuknatn` tbrducb kusnuk spnhoknas, pbdtds,

vo`nd dr ntioln` puflosbn` nshropdas7 ia` 96

spnhons wnrn hdaso`nrn` td fn pnaòac `dhukna-

tida is tbny bivn rnloifln socbt dr vdohn rnhdr`s

fut wotbdut jdrkil dhuknatida. Pbn 6550

hbnhglost oahrnisn` tbn aidail lost fy >6 spnhons

hdkpirn` wbd lostn` :0> spnhons is `dhuknatn`.

Pbn hurrnat puflohida, i 6599 upìtn dj tbn

hbnhglost, oahrnisns tbn lost td 399 spnhons wotb

tbn i`òda dj 9: spnhons ia` tbn nxhlusoda dj 6.

Pbn lost dj tbn for`s dj Uiricuiy adw stia`s it

359 spnhons, wotb i jurtbnr 95 spnhons pnaòac

`dhuknatida.

GN_ SDV@X=Uiricuiy, for`s, hbnhglost, Xdutb

Iknrohi, Andtrdpohs.

@NL HIXPOLLD 6598


7/44

UIVIYÎVOI AIP^VIL 3

VNX^LPI@DX

Aunvis nspnhons dhuknatiìs

Adtburi hbihdnasos(Poaikoìn). Nspnhon hdaso`nriì soaaokd `n A.

kihuldsipdr kuhbds iutdrns, pnrd bi so`d oahdrpdriì i li losti `nl pisì`d qun nl XIHH li hdaso`nri nspnhon vloì. Xn hdavonrtn is na li aohinspnhon `n ivn na`kohi il pis, hda uai òstrofuhoa rnstroacoì il HbihdHnatril. Xn tdki Ldki Uliti hdkd lucir rnprnsnativd `n li rncoa.

Iais ivordstros(Iaiìn). â oaòvoùd dfsnrvi`d pdr Uiul Xkotb,Bucd `nl Hislld y Bnkkn Fitmns na Hikpd Kiri nl 6? `n mulod `n 655:.@dhuknatiì hda jdtdcrii `n Bnkkn Fitmns pdr ld qun pis `n pna-ònatn i `dhuknatiì (Lnstnrbuos nt il. na prnp.).

Iais cndrcohi(Iaiìn). â oaòvoùd dfsnrvi`d pdr Uiul Xkotby Bucd `nl Hislld na Hikpd Kiri nl 98 `n dhtufrn `n 6552. @dhu-knatiì hda jdtdcrii `n Uiul Xkotb, pdr ld qun pis `n pnaònatn i`dhuknatiì (Lnstnrbuos nt il. na prnp.).

Julohi irkolliti(Villoìn). â oaòvoùd dfsnrvi`d pdr Kiron `nFnrair`, Iran Lnstnrbuos y Bucd `nl Hislld na nstiahoi Li Crihonli, nl 85`n kiyd `n 6550. @dhuknatiì hda jdtdcrii `n Iran Lnstnrbuos, pdrld qun pisi `n pdsofln i `dhuknatiì (Lnstnrbuos nt il. na prnp.). Li ns-pnhon curifi na virois lostis piri nl pis hdkd lis `n H@H (9?2?, 9??>),Hdatrnris nt il.(9??5), Xtdtz nt il.(9??:) Liufkiaa (9?8?, 9?05), Xbdrt(9?3>), iuaqun ad hdatifi hda prunfis sohis `n su dhurrnahoi.

Hbiri`rous snkopilkitus(Hbiri`rooìn). â oaòvoùd dfsnrvi`dpdr Vdf Hliy y Iran Lnstnrbuos na li Fibi `n Isuahoa nl 9: `n nanrd`n 6599 y `dhuknatiì hda jdtdcriis `n ikfds (Joc. 9 y 6) y tikfoapdr Uiul Xkotb nl 92 `n nanrd `n 6599 y puflohiìs na Lnstnrbuos & Hliy(6599). Vnprnsnati nl tnrhnr rncostrd `n li nspnhon na nl pis, pnrd nlproknrd dhuknati`d.

Hbiri`rous kd`nstus(Hbiri`rooìn). â oaòvoùd dfsnrvi`d pdr I.Lnstnrbuos y B. `nl Hislld na Licuai Xiaoì` nl 93 `n muaod `n 6550 y`dhuknatiì hda jdtdcrii (Joc. 8) `n I. Lnstnrbuos, puflohiì na Lnstnr-

buos y Hliy (6599).

Lnuhdpbinus (Lirus)itroholli (Liroìn). â oaòvoùd dfsnrvi`d pdrVdf Hliy, Iran Lnstnrbuos, y @dkoaoh y Knliaon Hditb na li Fibi `nIsuahoa nl 6 `n jnfrnrd `n 6599. @dhuknatiì hda jdtdcrii `n VdfHliy y Knliaon Hditb (Hliy nt il. na prnp.).

Lnuhdpbinus (Lirus)popoxhia(Liroìn). â oaòvoùd dfsnrvi`d pdrIran Lnstnrbuos, Bucd `nl Hislld, Kiron `n Fnrair` y Kaohi Kdanl naLicuai Xiaoì` nl 93 `n muaod `n 6550. @dhuknatiì hda jdtdcrii `nIran Lnstnrbuos (Hliy nt il.na prnasi.).

Cnldhbnlo`da (Xtnrai)aoldhi (Liroìn). â oaòvoùd dfsnrvi`d pdrVdf Hliy, Bucd `nl Hislld, Bucd Hifril, Xolvoi Hnatra, Lnhoi Lpnz yJriag Jriciad na Licuai Xiaoì` nl 8 y 0 `n mulod `n 655>. @dhuknatiìhda jdtdcrii lnmiai n Jriag Jriciad (Hliy nt il. na prnp.).

Xtnrai borua`d(Liroìn). â oaòvoùd dfsnrvi`d pdr Bucd `nl His-lld, Uiul Xkotb, Vohbir` Xkotb y Gor Hbiu`burro na Licuai Fliahi nl 92 `nsnnkfrn `n 655: (Hliy nt il. na prnp.). @dhuknatiì hda jdtdcrii `nUiul Xkotb y puflohiì na Oatnrant pdr Xkotb nt il.(655:).

Hbrysdlikpos kdsquotus(Prdhboloìn). â nsphokna kiatnao`d na lihdlnhhoa `n Goo Jiuai na Fnlli Zosti Adrtn, n o`nahi`d pdr Bucd `nlHislld, Vohbir` Nlsik y Kaohi Kdanl. Jdtdcriis (Joc. 0 y >) `n Bucd`nl Hislld `nl nsphokna tdkiìs nl 6> `n kirzd `n 655>.

Cilfuli rujhiuì(Cilfuloìn). Vncostri`d pdr Mdrcn Nshdfir Irciina nstiahoi Hbdvdrngi na mulod `n 9??:, itripi`d na rn` y `dhuknati`dhda jdtdcrii (Joc. :).

Xpirtdadohi kilurdo`ns(Jurairoìn). â oaòvoùd dfsnrvi`d pdr Xol-voi Hnatra na Giacnry nl 60 `n icdstd `n 6552, y `dhuknatiì hda jd-

tdcrii (Joc. 3) pdr ld qun pis `n pnaònatn i `dhuknatiì. Li nspnhonhunati hda kulplns rncostrds na nl pis, pnrd li jdtdcrii `n X. Hnatrarnprnsnati li proknri `dhuknatihoa `n su dhurrnahoi na nl pis.

Ubihnlld`dkus stroihdllos(Jurairoìn). Jdtdcrii`d y crifi`d pdr

Vdfnrt Vo`cnly hnrhi `n Uolir nl 3 `n muaod `n 9??9= bisti ibdri li aohi`dhuknatihoa naovi piri Uiricuiy n nsti nspnhon hdaso`nriì iatnshdkd bopdthi pdsofln. Jun oahdrpdriì na nl Itlis `n lis Ivns `n Uiricuiy(Cuyri Uiricuiy 655>) tris hdkuaohihoa hda nl iutdr.

Jluvohdli anacnti(Pyriaaoìn). â oaòvoùd dfsnrvi`d pdr Muia Glivoasnl 95 `n muaod `n 6558 na nstiahoi Xia Flis y `dhuknatiì hda jdtdcrii(Glivoas y Fd`ri 6553). Luncd rnhdadhoì pdr Anlsda Urnz y Ia`rs Hdl-kia na Irigiacuy pdr uai dfsnrvihoa iatnrodr `nl ? il 98 `n snnkfrn `n6556 (A. Urnz hdk. pnrs.), iuaqun soa jdtd. Dfsnrvi`d pdr Bucd `nl Hislldna Xia Iatdaod, Hnatril, 9? `n mulod `n 6553 y `dhuknatiì hda jdtdcrii(Joc. 2 y ?).

Urdcan nlncias(Boruaòaoìn). â oaòvoùd `dhuknati`d hda jdtdcrii`n Xolvoi Hnatra na Cuiz Hu, Uolir, nl > `n snnkfrn `n 6552 (Joc. 95 y99). Dtrd oaòvoùd dfsnrvi`d pdr Uiul Xkotb y Bucd `nl Hislld na Licuai

Fdkfihbi nl 93 `n dhtufrn `n 6552, y `dhuknatiì hda jdtd `n Uiul Xkotb,pdr ld qun pis `n pnaònatn i `dhuknatiì. Li nspnhon huiati hda virodsrncostrds na nl pis, pnrd nstds `ds rnprnsnatia lds proknrds `dhuknati`ds.

Aunvi nspnhon pnaònatn n dhuknatihoa

Hdhhyhui (Uoiyi) koauti (Huhuloìn). Nspnhon rncostriì y `dhuknatiìhda jdtdcrii na nl li`d fdlovoiad `nl rd Ancrd, Iltd Uiricuiy (Hliy nt il.9??2) y hdkd rnsulti`d lostiì hdkd pdsofln na Cuyri Uiricuiy (6550).Jun vosti pdr Bucd `nl Hislld na li Nstihoa Fodlcohi Lds Prns Cociatns nl 9`n icdstd `n 6553 pdr ld qun pis i pnaònatn `n `dhuknatihoa. MdrcnNshdfir i`nks bi dfsnrvi`d li nspnhon na nstiahoi Hbdvdrngi na `dsdpdrtuaoì`ns na mulod y snnkfrn `n 9??:.

Nspnhons nlokoaiìs

Hyiadhdrix hinrulnus (Hdrvoìn). Jocurifi hdkd pnaònatn pdr ua pd-sofln rncostrd `n Vdfnrt Vo`cnly na Hiaoa`ny, rncostrd qun pdstnrodrknatnjun anci`d pdr l koskd. Kdvoì `n pnaònatn i pdsofln.

Xpdrdpboli znlohbo (Nkfnrozoìn). Nlokoaiì hdkd nspnhon `dhuknati-ì `nfo`d i qun nl XIHH yi ad li hdaso`nri uai nspnhon vloì, na fisn ilds nstuòds `n Irnti (6552). Ns prdfifln qun sn tritn n uai jdrki `n X.

pilustros.

@OXH^XOA

Li prnsnatn ihtuilozihoa iuknati li losti `n nspnhons `n ivns `nUiricuiy i 399 nspnhons (`n lis :?3 hdadhoìs na 6550) hda liiòhoa `n 9: nspnhons y li nlokoaihoa `n `ds, li losti ihtuil `n ivns

`nl Uiricuiy ifirhi 359 nspnhons dhuknatiìs (:2> na 6550),i`nks `n ònz nspnhons pnaònatns `n `dhuknatihoa (96 na6550). @ns`n ua puatd `n vosti ks nstrohtd `nfnria hdaso`nrirsnaohiknatn lis nspnhons `dhuknatiìs y nl tdtil `n nspnhons `nivns `nl pis snri 359.

ICVI@NHOKONAPDX

I lds iutdrns `n lds rncostrds knahodai`ds na nl tnxtd pdr bifnrldsrnpdrti`d y i lds iutdrns `n lis jdtdcriis pdr bifnrlis jiholoti`d, nadr`na iljifhd= Luos Ikirolli, Bnkkn Fitmns, Kiron `n Fnrair`,Xolvoi Hnatra, Vdfnrt Hliy, Ia`rs Hdlkia, Vohbir` Nlsik, MdrcnNshdfir Ircii, Jriag Jriciad, Muia Glivoas, Iran Lnstnrbuos,Kaohi Kdanl, Anlsda Urnz, Hirdloai Un`rdsd, Vdfnrt Vo`cnly y

Uiul Xkotb. a icri`nhokonatd nspnhoil i Vdf Hliy, Iran Lnstnrbuosy Uiul Xkotb pdr sus hdknatirods y rnvosodans il fdrri`dr.

@NL HIXPOLLD 6598


8/44


FOFLODCVIJI

Irnti, M.O. 6552. Natrn Vods Xnn`nitnr (Xpdrdpboli znlohbo)= i spnhonstbit anvnr wis. Mdurail dj Jonl` Draotbdldcy, 3?(0)=8>6-8:8.

H@H. 9?2?. Losti prnlokoair `n lis Ivns `nl Uiricuiy. Oajdrkn oaòtd.

Isuahoa.

H@H. 9??>. Losti prnlokoair `n lis Ivns `nl Uiricuiy, na= Lostiprnlokoair n vnrtnfri`ds nl Uiricuiy. Oajdrkn oaòtd.Isuahoa.

Hliy, V.U., @.V. Hippnr, M. Kizir Firan, O.M. Furnl`, N.]. Nsquovnl,V. Jiroi, H.U. Gnaan`y, K. Unrrnas y V.C. Udpln. 9??2.Sbotn-woacn` Aocbtmirs Hiprokulcus hiaòhiasia` hnrri`dhdasnrvida= tbn gny aòacs dj Urdmnht Icuiri u 9??3. Hdaci?=>6->:.

Hdatrnris, M.V., A. Cdazilns Vdknrd y L.K. Fnrry. 9??5. Lostiprnlokoair `n li ivojiuai `n li Vnpflohi `nl Uiricuiy. Hui`nradsthaohds Jlox `n Iziri Ad. 6. Juaìhoa voì solvnstrn Ircnaai,Hdrronatns. 06pp.

Cuyri Uiricuiy. 6550. Losti hdknatiì `n lis Ivns `n Uiricuiy.

Iaadtitn` hbnhglost dj tbn For`s dj Uiricuiy. Isdhoihoa CuyriUiricuiy, Isuahoa. 655pp.

Cuyri Uiricuiy. 655>. Itlis `n lis Ivns `n Uiricuiy. IsdhoihoaCuyri Uiricuiy, Isuahoa. 696pp.

Ipaòhn 9 Ciznnnr `n lds sods knahodai`ds

Xod Litu` - X Ldacotu` - S @ostrotd @npirtiknatd

Fibi n Isuahoa 6> 9> 0? >3 83 03 Isuahoa Hipotil

Fnlli Zosti Adrtn 66 5: 85 >: 89 0: Fnlli Zosti IkikfiyHikpd Kiri 66 86 06 >? 92 05 Ptn. Orili Jnraa`nz Utn. Biyns

Nstihoa Fodlcohi Lds Prns Cociatns 65 50 00 >2 5? 0> Fibi Ancri Iltd Uiricuiy

Nstiahoi Hbdvdrngi 9? 09 68 >2 06 65 Vd Ancrd Iltd Uiricuiy

Nstiahoi Li Crihonli 6: 80 >8 >: 0? 65 Irizipn Kosodans

Cuiz Hu 6: >6 65 >3 >? 62 Uolir nnkfuh

Licuai Fliahi 68 02 08 >: 93 00 Xiati Vdsi nl Icuiriy Xia Un`rd

Licuai Xiaoì` 68 >9 96 >? 0? 02,> Nstnfia Kiranz Urnso`natn Biyns

Ldki Uliti (Hbihd Hnatril) 66 66 >: >? >5 96 Ldki Uliti Fdqunra

Uirqun Aihodail Pnaonatn Nahosd 69 96 89 :9 8? 6: Aunvi Isuahoa Fdqunra

Uolir 6: >5 5> >2 93 9: Uolir nnkfuh

Vnsnrvi Giacunry 6:89 >8 >> 0: >> Iltd Znri Otipi

Vuti Priashbihd Gk 9:> 60 9> 62 >2 9: 80 Udzd Hdldri`d Urso`natn Biyns

Xia Iatdaod 6> 6> 05 >3 88 60 Xia Iatdaod Hnatril

Glivoas, M. y I. Fd`ri. 6553. Li Zouòti nakishiriì (Jluvohdlianacnti)= aunvi nspnhon piri Uiricuiy y sncua`d rncostrd pirili Ircnaai. Bdranrd 66(9)=08-0>.

Liufkiaa, I. 9?8?. Sossnashbilohbn Nrcnfaossn `nr @nutshbnaCria Hbihd-Nxpnòda. @on Zcnl vda Uiricuiy. Zdl 9. Xtrnhgnrua` Xhbr`nr, Xtucirt. 60:pp.

Liufkiaa, I. 9?05. Sossnashbilohbn Nrcnfaossn `nr @nutshbnaCria Hbihd-Nxpnòda. @on Zcnl vda Uiricuiy. Zdl 6. Xtrnhgnrua` Xhbr`nr, Xtucirt. 662pp.

Lnstnrbuos, I.M. y V.U. Hliy. 6599. Hdarkida dj tbn dhhurrnahn djVujdus-hbnstn` @dnrnl ia` Xnkopilkitn` Uldvnr oa Uiricuiy.Si`nr Xtu`y Crdup Fullna 992(6)=963-962.

Vnksna, M.Z., Mr., H.@. Hi`nai, I. Mirikolld, K. Adrns, M.J. Uihbnhd, M.Urnz-Nka, K.F. Vdffoas, J.C. Xlns, @.J. Xtdtz, y G.M. ]okknr.6599. I hlissohida dj tbn for` spnhons dj Xdutb Iknrohi.Iknrohia Draotbdldcosts âoda. Znrsoa `nl 90 `n advonkfrn `n6599. www.kusnuk.lsu.nù/~Vnksna/XIHHFisnloan.btkl

Xbdrt, L.L. 9?3>. I zddcndcripboh iailysos dj tbn Xdutb IknrohiaHbihd ivojiuai. Fullna dj tbn Iknrohia Kusnuk dj AiturilBostdry 9>0=9-8>6.

Xtdtz, @.J., M.S. Jotzpitrohg, P.I. Uirgnr OOO y @.G. Kdsgdwotz, 9??:.Andtrdpohil For`s- Nhdldcy ia` Hdasnrvida. Pbn âovnrsoty djHbohicd Urnss. Hbohicd ia` Lda`da. 032pp.

UIVIYÎVOI AIP^VILIHPÎLO]IH ODA @N LI LOXPI HDKNAPI@I @N LIX IZNX @N UIVICÎ_


9/44

UIVIYÎVOI AIP^VIL ?

Joc. 9.Hbiri`rous snkopilkitusVdf Hliy Fibi nIsuahoa 9: n nanrd n 6599.

JocurisIlcuais n lis nvo`nahois qun sustnatia lis nspnhons dhuknatiìs, sn kunstria ilcuais n lis jdtds y nl iutdr qun ihrnòtia li dhuknatihoa.

Joc. 0.Hbrysdlikpos kdsquotusvnatril Bucd nl HislldFnlli Zosti Adrtn 6> n kirzd n 655>

Joc. 3. Xpirtdadohi kilurdo`nsXolvoi Hnatra Gia-cunry 60 n icdstd n 6552.

Joc. 9>. Urdcan nlnciasbnkfri Xolvoi Hnatra nnkfu-h > n snnkfrn n 6552

Joc. 90.Urdcan nlnciaskihbd Uiul Xkotb LicuaiFdkfihbi 93 n dhtufrn n 6552

Joc. 2. Jluvohdli anacntiMuia Glivoas Nstiahoi XiaFlis 95 `n muaod `n 6558.

Joc. ?. Jluvohdli anacntiBucd nl HislldXia Iatdaod 9? `n mulod `n 6553.

Joc. :. Cilfuli ruhiuìMdrcn Nshdfir IrciiNstiahoi Hbdvdrngi mulod n 9??:.

Joc. >Hbrysdlikpos kdsquotus drsil Bucd nl HislldFnlli Zosti Adrtn 6> n kirzd n 655>.

Joc. 8.Hbiri`rous kd`nstusIran Lnstnrbuos LicuaiXiaoì` 93 `n muaod `n 6550

Joc. 6.Hbiri`rous snkopilkitusVdf Hliy Fibi nIsuahoa 9: n nanrd n 6599.

@NL HIXPOLLD 6598


10/44


Vnpdrt dj tbn fit Hdasnrvidaia` Kiaicnknat Sdrgsbdp Prioaoac P^PPLN NP IL.6598.

VNX^KNA= Hiso li koti` n lds kikjnrds

tnrrnstrns na Xuìkrohi sda kurholicds, y na

kuhbis ldhiloì`ns nllds hdastuyna li koti` nli ovnrsoì` n kikjnrds. Na Liadikrohi lds

kurholicds llnaia kuhbds aohbds iloknahods, y

su pròì pun`n hdkprdkntnr auknrdsds snr-

vohods nhdsostkohds hrhds. Xoa nkfircd, na li

kiydri `n Liadikrohi, oahluyna`d Uiricuiy,

lds kurholicds sda tnko`ds y sus fnanhods pdhd

iprnhoi`ds. Udr ld cnanril lds kurholicds fna-

hds sda nlokoai`ds y sus cuiroìs pnrkianatn-

knatn nstruoìs, pdaona`d na ronscd li silu`

ikfonatil y nhdakohi.

Dtri iknaizi okpdrtiatn piri lds kurholicds,

y dtri jiuai solvnstrn, ns li pròì n bfotit

pdr hdavnrsoa i li icrohulturi y isnatikonatds

bukiads. Cuyri Uiricuiy bi rnhdadho`d nstis

iknaizis y tdki`d pisds okpdrtiatns piri

prdkdvnr li hdasnrvihoa n li voì solvnstrn ysus bfotits na Uiricuiy, rpoìknatn à`dsn

hunati n li okpdrtiahoi n oahluor i lds kurholi-

cds na sus plians juturds.

âi `n lis rnis knads hdadhoìs na Uiricuiy,

rnspnhtd i li jiuai n kurholicds, ns nl nhd-

sostnki nl Uiatiail, hda 93 nspnhons rnpdrtiìs

iatnrodrknatn. Kiydr oajdrkihoa ns anhnsiroi

piri hdkprna`nr nl nasikflimn n kurholicds

na nsn lucir. Na pirhulir, nl usd `n aunvis

thaohis ks ill nl usd triòhodail n lis rn`ns

`n anfloai (p.n. ntnhtdrns ultrisaohds, rn`ns n

`dsnl) pun`na iuknatir nl aknrd n nspnhons.

âd n lds kiydrns okpnòknatds piri li hdasnr-

vihoa n li aiturilnzi na Uiricuiy ns nl nshisd

aknrd n pnrsdail iprdpoiìknatn natrnai`ds.

Uiri pd`nr tnanr ua okpihtd na li hdasnrvihoa`n lds kurholicds, nl natrnaikonatd nfn or ks

ill n lis thaohis n oavnatirods, nfn oahluor

tikfoa oajdrkihoa sdfrn li okpdrtiahoi n lds

kurholicds.

@nl 9 il 9> `n Xnpnkfrn n 655?, Cuyri Uiri-

cuiy drciaoz ua tillnr muatd i Fit Hdasnrvida

Oatnraidail (Knrloa @. Puln, XI), Hnatrd n

Fodòvnrsoì` y Cnahi (Luos J. Icuorrn, ao-

vnrsoì` Kiydr n Xia Xoka, Fdlovoi), ^X@I

Jdrnst Xnrvohn (Pn` Snllnr) y nl Urdcriki piri

li Hdasnrvihoa n lds Kurholicds n Fdlovoi

(Gitbroa Firfdzi). Lds dfmnvds nl tillnr junrda

nl n natrnair i foldcds y thaohds Uiricuiyds

na thaohis rnqunroìs piri nl nstuòd, kdaotdrnd

y hdasnrvihoa n kurholicds. Lds pirhopiatns

iprnaònrda sdfrn lds vildrns n lds kurholicdspiri lds nhdsostnkis y li nhdadki bukiai,

is hdkd na li kianri n o`nahir nspnhons y

rnilozir oavnatirods n hikpd. Nl natrnaikonatd

`n hikpd oahluy li nasniazi na nl usd n rn`ns

y trikpis piri hipturir kurholicds, nsirrdlld

`n hipihoì`ns na kiaopulnd n o`nahihoa n

nspnhons y nxpdanrlds i ktd`ds ihshds piri nl

oavnatirod `n nspnhons òholns `n hipturir.

Nl tillnr nkpnz hda uai snron n hbirlis na ua

snkoairod lliki`d Oatrdùhhoa i li Hdasnrvi-

hoa y nl Kianmd n kurholicds prnsnatiìs pdr

Knrloa Puln, Luos J. Icuorrn y Gitbroa Firfdzi na

nl iuòtdrod n li Jihulti` n Honahois Zntnroairoi

`n li aovnrsoì` Aihodail n Isuahoa (ÂI).

Xn hdat hda ks n ?5 pirhopiatns. Nsi koski

adhbn sn vosot li hunvi n Pdfi da`n sn nk-dstrirda thaohis piri li hipturi `n kurholicds

y ispnhtds cnanrilns n hdasnrvihoa n kurho-

licds. Lds socuonatns is, hda ua nxtridròairod

KNVLOA P^PPLN 9

L OX J. IC OVVN 6

PN@ SNLLNV 8_GIPBVOA FIVFD]I K.0

9- Jdrknr HND Fit Hdasnrvida Oatnraida-il, >55 A. Fl`c. 9, Xuotn 655. Iusa, Pnxis.6- Hnatrd n Fodòvnrsoì` y Cnahi, ao-vnrsoì` Kiydr n Xia Xoka. Fdlovoi.8- X@I Jdrnst Xnrvohn, Oa`npna`nahn Iv.Sisboactda, @.H., ^.X.I.

0- Urdcriki piri li Hdasnrvihoa n ldsKurholicds n Fdlovoi, FODPI.

Hdatihtd= knrloatulnEckiol.hdk

IFXP VIHP= Fits irn i hrohil hdkpdanat dj Lia

Iknrohia fodòvnrsoty, dna ihhduaac jdr anirly

bilj dj kikkil spnhons. Ldss dj tbnor pdlloaida,snn` ospnrsil ia` oasnht hdatrdl snrvohns crnitly

hdkprdkosns nhdsystnk bniltb Anvnrtbnlnss,

kdst Lia Iknrohias kostignaly vonw ill fits

is vikporns ia` tircnt tbnk jdr nriòhida,

dna pnrkianatly nstrdyoac nssnail rddsac

bifotits, jrdk bdlldw trnns td hivns, oahluòac oa

Uiricuiy. Oa rnhdcaoda dj tbnsn tbrnits, Cuyri

Uiricuiyia` tbn .X. Jdrnst Xnrvohn Oatnraidail

Urdcriks, hdllifdritn` wotb Fit Hdasnrvida Oa-

tnraidail (Knrloa @. Puln, XI), Hnatrd n Fod-

òvnrsoì` y Cnahi(Luos J. Icuorrn, aovnrsoì`

Kiydr n Xia Xoka, Fdlovoi), X@I Jdrnst Xnrvohn

(Pn` Snllnr), ia` tbn Fdlovoia Fit Hdasnrvida

Urdcrik (Gitbroa Firfdzi).Pbn wdrgsbdp wis

bnl` Xnptnkfnr 9-9>. Pbn dfmnhvns wnrn td trioa

Uiricuiyia fodldcosts oa tbn tnhbaoquns rnquorn`

td stu`y, kdaotdr ia` hdasnrvn fits. Uirhopiats

lniran` dj fit viluns td bniltby nhdsystnks ia`

bukia nhdadkons is wnll is bdw td o`najy fits

ia` hdaùht nl` survnys. Jonl` trioaoac oahlu`n`

oastruhda oa viron` kost anac ia` trippoac

tnhbaoquns td hipturn fits, `nvnldpknat dj fit

bia`loac ia` o`nahida sgolls ia` nxpdsurn td

ihdush kntbd`s jdr survnyoac fits tbit irn ò-

hult td hipturn. Jonl` trioaoac wis hdahnatritn` oa

tbn Uiatiail, dan dj tbn lnist gadwa nhdsystnks

oa Uiricuiy rnlivn td fits. Prioaoac hnatnrn` da

tbn tdwa dj Fiboi Ancri ia` tbn Prns Cociatns

Fodldcohil Vnsnrvn.

Pbn wdrgsbdp fncia wotb i snrons dj lnhturns oa i

snkoair natln` Oatrdùhda td Fit Hdasnrvida

ia` Kiaicnknat prnsnatn` fy Knrloa Puln,

Luos J. Icuorrn ia` Gitbroa Firfdzi it tbn jiholons

dj tbn âovnrsoì` Aihodail n Isuahoa(ÂI),

Jihulti` `n Honahois Zntnroairois. Pbnrn, kdrn

tbia ?5 pndpln ina`n` tbn lnhturns. Litnr tbit

nvnaoac pirhopiats vosotn` Pdfihivn wbnrnoastruhtdrs nxplioan` ifdut trippoac, anac

ia` ntnhda tnhbaoquns, vikporn fit rddst

rnhdcaoda, ia` fit hdasnrvida. Litnr, wotb ia

dutstiaòac crdup dj 95 pirhopiats, i trop td

Fiboi Ancriia` Prns CociatnsFodldcohil Vnsnrvnwis hdaùhtn` td prdvo`n oa-`nptb nl` trioaoac.

@uroac nocbt iys dj fit survnys it Fiboi Ancri

ia` Prns Cociatns, wn wnrn ifln td hdark tbn

prnsnahn dj 90 spnhons, ia` wn ihdushilly `n-

tnhtn` tbn prnsnahn dj it lnist 8 dtbnrs (fut hdul`

adt issoca tbnk td spnhons), rnsulac oa i tdtil dj

it lnist 93 spnhons dj fits (89% dj tbn spnhons oaUiricuiy), vn dj tbnk fnoac anw jdr tbn npirt-

knat dj Iltd Uiricuiy.

Jdlldwoac tbn hdkplnda dj tbn wdrgsbdp tbn

oastruhtdrs bi` kn td oshuss o`nis jdr jurtbnr

fit wdrg oa Uiricuiy. Sn succnst fuolòac da

tbos oaoil trioaoac td hrnitn i fit hdasnrvida

prdcrik jdr Uiricuiy oa suppdrt dj pufloh nùhi-

da, i`òdail trioaoac, usn dj irhoil rddsts,

ia` hdaùht rnsnirhb ihvons dronatn` td fit

hdasnrvida.

GN_ SDV@X= Fits, Hbordptnri, Uiricuiyia

Uiatiail, Fit rnsnirhb tnhbaoquns ia` oavnatdrons.

@n lds iutdrns.Hda lohnahoi nxhlusovi i Cuyri Uiricuiy.Puln nt il. 6598. Vnpdrt dj tbn Fit Hdasnrvi-da ia` Kiaicnknat Sdrgsbdp Prioaoac

Uiriq. Ait.9(9)= 95-9:.www.cuyri.drc.py


11/44


P^PPLN NP IL.6598

crupd snlnhtd n 95 pirhopiatns, sn rniloz nl

voimn i Fibi Ancri y i li nstihoa fodlcohi PrnsCociatns piri ir ua hursd ks prdjua`d sdfrn

oavnatirods, thaohis n hdlnhti y hdasnrvihoa

`n kurholicds. Nl trifimd oahluy li prhhi hda

rn`ns n anfloai, trikpi irpi, trikpi n `dsnl,

kdaotdrnd ihshd y fsqunì n cuiroìs. Lds

pirhopiatns iprnaònrda sdfrn li okpdrtiahoi

`nl usd `n thaohis ojnrnatns sokultanis piri

rnilozir ua oavnatirod hdkplntd. Xn jdrkirda

`ds crupds y rnilozirda ua prdynhtd hiì uad

ùriatn lds lkds is nl hursd, nl huil jun

`njnaò`d il ail nl koskd.

Luncd n dhbd is n oavnatirods y trifimd na

Fibi Ancri y Prns Cociatns, sn pu`d hdarkir

li prnsnahoi n 90 nspnhons y ntnhtir li prns-

nahoi n il knads dtris 8 pdr knòds ihshds,

piri bihnr ua tdtil n il knads 93 nspnhons nkurholicds (89% n lis nspnhons nl Uiricuiy),

hoahd n nllis aunvis piri nl `npirtiknatd n

Iltd Uiricuiy.

Il ail nl tillnr, lds oastruhtdrns oshunrda

o`nis piri trifimds juturds hda kurholicds na

Uiricuiy. Lis o`nis sn hnatrirda na hipotilozir nl

kdknatd hrni`d na nl tillnr, tiatd na nl sokpd-

sod hdkd na nl trifimd n hikpd. Natrn ilcuais

`n lis pdsofoloì`ns piri nsirrdllir na nl juturd

sn nahunatri li hrnihoa `n ua Urdcriki piri li

Hdasnrvihoa n lds Kurholicds nl Uiricuiy,

ihvoì`ns n nùhihoa, ks natrnaikonatd,

usd n cuiroìs irhoilns y nl nsirrdlld n

oavnscihoa dronatiì i li hdasnrvihoa n lds

kurholicds.

UILIFVIX HLIZN=Kurholicds, Hbordptnri,

Uiatiail Uiricuiyd, thaohis `n oavnscihoa n

oavnatirods n kurholicds.

FIHGCVDÂ@

Anirly dan tbor` dj ill tnrrnstroil kikkils oaXdutb Iknrohi irn fits ia`, oa kiay ldhidas,tbny hdastutn bilj dj kikkiloia òvnrsoty

(Xokkdas 655>). Lia Iknrohia fits ll i wo`nvironty dj jnnòac aohbns (Icuorrn 6553, Uinr-sda nt il. 6558), ia` tbnor ldss hia hdkprdkosnhrohil nhdsystnk snrvohns, kigoac ia okprdvnùa`nrstiaòac dj tbnor hdasnrvida stitus votil(Gilgi nt il. 6552, Solloiks-Cuollna nt il. 6552),I Lia Iknrohia spnhons (Piìroì frisolonasos)sivns hdkknrhoil icrohulturn kollodas dj dllirsiaauilly oa rnùhn` ann` jdr pnsho`ns (Hlnvn-lia` nt il. 655:), ia` i rnhnat stu`y oa Knxohdsuccnsts i`òdail viluns tbnrn (Solloiks-Cuollna nt il. 6552).

Anvnrtbnlnss, oa kdst pirts dj Lia Iknrohioahluòac Uiricuiy, fits irn dna volon` ia`jnirn`, ia` tbnor fnants ua`nripprnhoitn`.

Pbn prnsnahn dj vikporn fits os dan dj tbn rddthiusns dj kosua`nrstiaòac ia` kilnvdlnahn.Zikporn fits hia bivn ancivn nhdadkohokpihts da hiln ia` pdultry jirkoac ia`tbnrnjdrn irn jrnqunat tircnts dj pnrsnhudaia` nriòhida ndrts fy riahbnrs, cdvnraknatbniltb dhoils, ia` tbn cnanril pufloh wbdhdaùht kimdr hikpiocas td `nstrdy tbnk ia`tbnor bifotit, nspnhoilly tbnor rddsts. Dna, lircnaukfnrs dj fnanhoil fits irn kostignaly golln`,ia` tbnor rddsts pnrkianatly `nstrdyn`, it crnitrosg td nhdsystnk ia` nhdadkoh bniltb. Iadtbnrokpdrtiat tbrnit td fits ia` dtbnr wol`lojn osldss dj aituril bifotits tbrducb icrohulturilhdavnrsoda ia` bukia snlnknat. Cuyri Uiri-cuiy bis rnhdcaozn` tbnsn tbrnits ia` tignaokpdrtiat stnps td prdkdtn hdasnrvida dj

wol`lojn ia` ots bifotits oa Uiricuiy. Pbrducbots prdcriks td ihquorn ia` kioatioa rnsnrvns,rnstdrn bifotit, ia` bocblocbt tbn splna`dr iaàituril fniuty dj bifotit ia` wol`lojn spnhons,Cuyri Uiricuiy bis prdvo`n` ia okpdrtiat jdua-ìda jdr wol`lojn hdasnrvida. Iltbducb tbnoroaoil wol`lojn prdcriks bivn jdhusn` kdstly dafor`s, bnrpntdjiuai ia` lircn kikkils, CuyriUiricuiy wis quohg td rnilozn tbn okpdrtiahn djoahluòac fits oa tbnor juturn plias.

Uiricuiy dhhupons 05:.3>6 gk6oa tbn hnatrilpirt dj Xdutb Iknrohi, Fntwnna Ircnaai,Frizol ia` Fdlovoi (Joc. 9). Ot bis i suftrdpohil ia`hdaanatil hlokitn wotb bdt, wnt sukknrs ia`hddl, `ry woatnrs, wotb i knia iaauil tnkpnri-

turn riacoac jrdk 696: H ia` prnhopotidariacoac jrdk 055-9255 kk. Uiricuiy os fosnhtn`fy tbn Prdpoh dj Hiprohdra, dhhurroac it i tnk-pnritn-trdpohil oatnrjihn. Pbn aituril bifotitsirn hlisson` oatd snvna snpiritn fodkns (Joc. 9).@uroac tbn litn 9??5s, tbn fit jiuai dj Uiri-cuiy wis tbn sufmnht dj hdaso`nrifln ihi`nkohinada ia` is i rnsult >0 spnhons irn gadwa(Lpnz-Cdazlns 655>), prokiroly jrdk sikploacit 6> ldhidas tbrducbdut tbn hduatry (Joc. 9).

Dan dj tbn lnist gadwa irnis oa Uiricuiy, rn-ciròac fit jiuais, os tbn Uiatiail nhdsystnk(Kitdcrdsnasn WKC[ pbytdcndcipboh zdan),wotb daly twd sikploac sotns dut dj tbn 6: sur-vnyn` oa Uiricuiy (Joc. 9). Oa tbn Uiatiail (KCfodkn), 93 spnhons wnrn rnpdrtn` fy Lpnz-

Cdazilnz (655>), hdrrnspdaòac td ifdut i tbor`dj tbn tdtil Uiricuiyia fit jiuai fut kdrnoajdrkida os ann`n` td okprdvn ua`nrstiaòacdj tbn fit issnkflicn oa tbos irni. Oa pirhulir,usn dj anw tnhbaoquns fnyda` triòdail kostanac (o.n. nhbdldhida `ntnhtdrs, hiadpy

ants, nth.) hia nxpia` tbn aukfnr dj spnhons`ntnhtn`.

Joc. 9.Kip dj tbn ldhidas dj tbn 6> hdllnhdasotns (horhln` aukfnrs) tbrducbdut Uiricuiy.Ilpbifnh hd`ns rnjnr td nihb dj 3 fodkns=Kitdcrdsnasn, KC7 Iltd Hbihd, IH7 Fimd Hbihd,FH7 Hikpds Hnrri`ds, HH7 Hnatril Uiricuiy, HU7Iltd Uiria, IU7 nnkfuh, AN (Jrdk Solloc ntil. 6555).

Pd ìtn tbn spnhons rohbanss dj fits oa Uiricuiy, ia` tbnrdln tbny pliy oa nhdsystnks, bis adt fnna jully ipprnho-itn`. Dan dj tbn prokiry okpnòknats td aiturn hdasnr-

vida oa Uiricuiy, pirhulirly dj fits, os tbn shirhoty djprdpnrly trioan` pnrsdaanl. Pd fn socaohiat jdr fit hda-snrvida, trioaoac kust cd fnyda` survny tnhbaoquns.Ot ilsd kust oahlu`n oajdrkida da wby fits irn tbnokpdrtiat.

DFMNHPOZNX

Pbn dfmnhvns dj tbos wdrgsbdp wnrn td trioaUiricuiyia fodldcosts oa tbn tnhbaoquns rnquorn`td stu`y, kdaotdr ia` hdasnrvn fits. Uirho-piats lniran` dj fit viluns td bniltby nhdsys-tnks ia` bukia nhdadkons is wnll is bdw tdo`najy fits ia` hdaùht nl` survnys. Jonl`trioaoac oahlu`n` oastruhda da usn dj kost antsia` trips td hipturn fits, `nvnldpknat dj fitbia`loac ia` o`nahida sgolls ia` nxpdsurntd ihdush kntbd`s jdr survnyoac fits tbit irnòhult td hipturn.

@NXHVOUPODA DJ IHPOZOPONX

Ihvons oa Isuahoa= Hivns òshussoda

Ihvons oa Uiricuiy fncia wotb i citbnroacit Cuyri Uiricuiy bni`quirtnrs ia` i knnacwotb rnprnsnativns dj Juaìhoa Hivnrais`n Uiricuiy-Hdadzhd Urdtnmd ia` Jn`nrihoaUiricuiyi n Nspndldldci. Pbnrn, rnprnsnati-vns `nshrofn` tbnor ihvons oa snvnril hivnsoa Uiricuiy. Kdst dj tbn hivns, ldhitn` oa tbnHikpds Hnrri`ds fodkn oa AN Uiricuiy (Joc. 9),

sbdwn` socas dj bukia oatnrvnada ia` òs-turfiahn ùn td uahdatrdlln` tdurost ihvons.Fdtb oastudas adtn` tbn ann` jdr fit survnysia` hdasnrvida ihvons oa tbdsn irnis td prd-tnht fits ia` tbnor hivn bifotits. Dan prnsnati-da oahlu`n` i pbdtd dj tbn rirn hiraovdrdus


12/44


UIVIYÎVOI AIP^VILFIP HDAXNVZIPODA IA@ KIAICNKNAP SDVGXBDU

fit (Hbrdtdptnrus iurotus) oa i hivn. Pbos os dandj Lia Iknrohis lnist gadwa spnhons, ia` ot osnspnhoilly sushnpfln td bukia òsturfiahn.

Ot wis hlnir tbit iay Uiricuiyia fit hdasnrvi-da prdcrik sbdul` oahlu`n ia nirly issnss-

knat dj hivns ia` hivn-`wnlloac fits. XdknLia Iknrohia hivns suppdrt tnas dj tbdusia`s,nvna kollodas dj fits oa soacln hivns, kigoactbnor prdtnhda i gny jihtdr oa fit hdasnrvida.It tbos kn, ad dan gadws wbntbnr dr adt suhbhivn pdpulidas nxost oa Uiricuiy. Bdwnvnr,wbna pddrly oajdrkn` vikporn hdatrdl ihvo-ns irn oaoitn`, tbn lircnst hivn-`wnlloac fitpdpulidas irn adrkilly ikdac tbn rst td fntircntn`. Sn wnrn `nlocbtn` td bivn snvnril stu-`nats dj vntnroairy knòhoan ikdac dur wdrg-sbdp pirhopiats, ia` wn bdpn tbnsn woll bivnsufstiail okpiht da iay vikporn hdatrdl oaoi-vns dj tbn juturn. @uroac dur wdrgsbdp trioaoacit âovnrsoì` `n Isuahoda, wn ollustritn` bdwtd o`najy nvo`nahn dj fnanhoil vnrsus vikpornfits oa hivns ia` wnrn ifln td rnoajdrhn tboswotb ia nvnaoac `nkdastrida it i rnil vikpornfit rddst oa Pdfi Hivn.

Sdrgsbdp it AI ia` vosot tdPdfi Hivn

Da Xnptnkfnr 8r` i dan ìy-wdrgsbdp natlnÒatrdùhda td Fit Hdasnrvida ia` Kia-icnknat wis hdaùhtn` it tbn jiholons djtbn âovnrsoì` Aihodail `n Isuahoa (ÂI),Jihulti` `n Honahois Zntnroairoi (Joc. 6). Pbnrn,kdrn tbia ?5 pndpln ina`n` tbn lnhturns, jirsurpissoac drciaoznrs nxpnhtidas.

Lnhturns stirtn` wotb ia oatrdùhda td fitòvnrsoty, viluns ia` hdasnrvida ann`s wdrl`-wo`n (oa Xpiaosb) fy @r. Knrloa Puln. @r. Pulnbocblocbtn` snvnril Uiricuiyia spnhons iaòllustritn` tbn pdwnr dj ldhil nùhida ia` hdl-lifdrida oa hdasnrvoac gny fit pdpulidas.

@r. Luos J. Icuorrn anxt prdvo`n` kdrn ntiolnòajdrkida da fit tixdadky, nhdldcy ia`fnbivodr, ill rnlitn` td tbn okpdrtiahn dj fithdasnrvida oa tbn rncoda ia` tbn hduatry.Uirhopiats wnrn ilsd oatrdùhn` td tbn FdlovoiaFit Hdasnrvida Urdcrik (UHKF), ots ihvonsia` struhturn is i pdssofln kd`nl jdr Uiricuiy.Bn ilsd bocblocbtn` i rnhnat oaoivn (o.n. LiaIknrohia Antwdrg jdr Fit Hdasnrvida, VNL-HDK) wbohb prdkdtns hddròaida ia` hdllifd-rida dppdrtuaons fntwnna nxosac prdcriksia` tbdsn tbit woll fn jdrkn`.

Gitbroa Firfdzi prdvo`n` ia nxhnllnat oatrdùh-da td fit ihdush nhdldcy ia` nhbdldhidaia` bdw suhb oajdrkida hia fn usn` td survnyia` kdaotdr pdpulidas. Xbn ilsd oatrdùhn`fisoh hdahnpts da bdw td hdaùht stuòns djbifotit usn, nhdldcy ia` fnbivodr usoac ultri-sdua`.

Inr tbn lnhturns, i @Z@ prdùhn` fy Fit Hda-snrvida Oatnraidail da Hdatrdl dj ZikpornFits oa Lia Iknrohi, wis prnsnatn` ia` ilovnly òshussoda nasun` rnciròac tbn okpdr-

tiahn dj oahluòac vikporn fit nùhida ia`hdatrdl oa hdasnrvida prdcriks. Kntbd`s jdrprdpnr survnolliahn ia` kdaotdroac dj rifons oavikporn fits wnrn ilsd òshussn`.

Litnr tbit nvnaoac, kdrn tbia 85 dj tbn pirho-piats rnhdavnan` jdr i vosot td i anirfy hivnanir tbn tdwa dj Pdfi. Pbnrn, oastruhtdrs`nkdastritn` tbn usn dj ònrnat tnhbaoquns tdsurvny fits oahluòac kost ants oa tbn surrdua`-oac bifotit, i birp trip it tbn natriahn dj tbn

hivn ia` rnhdròac dj fits usoac fit `ntnhtdrs(Joc. 6). Iltbducb ad fits wnrn hipturn` (lognlyùn td jull kdda hdaòdas) pirhopiats wnrnifln td snn vikporn fits oaso`n tbn hivn ia`lnira bdw td òshrokoaitn vikporn fit jnhnsjrdk tbit dj oasnhvdrdus fits. Ilsd, sdkn pir-hopiats tbit bi` survnyn` tbn irni prodr td durwdrg nxbofotn` spnhoknas dj fits tbit bi` fnnaprnsnrvn` oa ilhdbdl.

Pbnsn spnhoknas wnrn okpdrtiat td ollustritnònrnahns oa fit jikolons (o.n.Ubylldstdkoìn,Znspnrlodaoìn ia` Kdldssoìn). Jrdk tbnrnhdr`s dj ihdush kdaotdroac ot wis pdssofln td`ntnrkoan tbit it lnist 8 spnhons wnrn prnsnatoa tbn irni oahluòac ynlldw fits (Lisourus nci)

ia` it lnist 8 ònrnat spnhons jrdk tbn jikolyKdldssoìn.

Fibi Ancri= Vddst snirhb

I tbrnn-ìy survny dj fit rddsts wis hdaùhtnòa tbn tdwa dj Fiboi Ancri. Pbos illdwn` us td`nkdastritn snvnril goa`s dj rddsts oahluòacoa bdlldw trnns ia` oa fdtb dhhupon` ia` ifia-`dan` fuolòacs. @uroac tbn snirhb dj rddstswn jdua` snvnril Pifnfuoi trnns hdatioaoactbn Lnssnr Josb Niac Fit (Adhlod ilfovnatros)ia` sdkn Jrnn Pioln` fits (Kdldssoìn) (Joc. 8).Iltbducb wn wnrn ifln td ldhitn snvnril bdlldw

trnns hurrnatly dhhupon` fy fits, kiay kdrnsbdwn` socas tbit ldhil rnso`nats bi` furan`tbnk td goll vikporns. Adan dj tbnsn rddstsihtuilly hdatioan` vikporns. Is wn wnrn ifln tdhlnirly ollustritn, tbn tircntn` rddsts wnrn usn`daly fy bocbly fnanhoil oasnht-niac fits.

Fits, dr soca dj fits (o.n., cuiad, stioaoac) wnrnjdua` oa i lircn prdpdrda dj tbn fuolòacssurvnyn`. Xdkn dj tbnk wnrn ifia`dan` (Ud-lohn bni`quirtnrs ia` oa tbn Kolotiry stida)ia` dtbnrs wbohb wnrn sll dhhupon` fy bukias(Bdspotil ia` bdusns). Oa tbn Kolotiry stida isoacln oaòvoùil dj tbn Hdkkda Zikporn Fit(@nskdùs rdtuaùs) wis jdua` (Joc. 0). Dtbnrspnhons lovoac oa fuolòacs, dr usoac tbnk is aocbt

rddsts, oa tbn irni, hdarkn` litnr fy kost ant-ac wnrn tbn Vopiroia Fit (Kyds ropirous), tbnKnxohia Jrnn Pioln` Fit (Piìroì frisolonasos),Uilliss Kis Fit (Kdlldsus kdlldsus) ia` tbnLnssnr Josb Niac Fit (A. ilfovnatros). I adtn djhiuda ifdut tbn P. frisolonasos rnhdr`= sdkn

Joc. 6. Lnhturns it aovnrsoì` Aihodail n Isuahoa ia` vosot td Pdfi hivn.

Joc. 8. Prnn-bdlldw usn` fy lnssnr sb-niac fits (Adh-lod ilfovnatros) oa Fiboi Ancri, Iltd Uiricuiy.

ònrnahns oa nxtnrail kdrpbdldcy (lihg djhlnir prnsnahn dj crddvns oa tbn lops) fntwnnatbn oaòvoùil ia` tbn o`nahida gnys wnrnadtn`, kigoac spnhons o`naty ikfocudus. Iaoaòvoùil wis prnsnrvn` oa ilhdbdl .td hdarkspnhons o`najy usoac sgull ia` tddtb hbirihtnrs.Vnhdròacs dj ots nhbdldhida hills wnrn hdasos-tnat wotb P. frisolonasoshills jrdk Adrtb Iknrohifut, ùn td nxtrnkn viroifoloty oa hill hbirih-

tnroshs dj tbos spnhons ia` dtbnrs oa tbn jikolyKdldssoìn, wn hiaadt usn hill hbirihtnroshs tdhdark o`naty dj tbos oaòvoùil.

Joc. 0.Hdkkda vikporn fit (@nskdùs rdtuaùs) fldd`pddl ua`nr ots rddsac sotn oa tbn kolotiry oastillida oaFiboi Ancri.


13/44


Pbn snirhb jdr rddsts wis i vnry okpdrtiat sur-vny ihvoty. Xnvnril spnhons wnrn ntnhtn` dalyfy tbos kntbd` (o.n. @nskdùs rdtuaùs ia`Piìroì frisolonasos) `nkdastriac tbit rddstsurvnys hia fn i viluifln tddl oa tbos ia` dtbnrirnis, nspnhoilly wbnrn bukia struhturns irn

iviolifln. Pbn snirhb jdr rddst struhturns ilsdprdvo`n` ia okpdrtiat dppdrtuaoty td oatnrihtwotb tbn ldhil pdpulihn ia` nacicn tbnk oaòshussodas ifdut tbn fnanhoil rdlns tbit fitspliy oa tbn navordaknat. Pbrducb dur hdavnrsi-das wotb ldhil pndpln wn tron` td `nkdastritntd wdrgsbdp pirhopiats bdw suhb ndrts hiasokultiandusly ihhdkplosb 6 tisgs= ldhiacokpdrtiat rddsts ia` nùhiac tbn pufloh. Fdtbirn okpdrtiat hdkpdanats dj i hdasnrvidaprdcrik.

Prioaoac oa Kost Anac

@uroac tbn stiy oa Fiboi Ancri, wn ilsd snirhbn`jdr suotifln plihns td hdaùht kost anac. Kdst

dj tbn irni, is pirt dj tbn Uiatiail nhdsystnk,os òhult td kost ant fnhiusn jnw aituril hdrro-`drs nxost wbnrn fit ihvoty os hdahnatritn`. Snldhitn` twd skill pda`s anir tbn oatnrsnhdafntwnna Loan 9 ia` Loan 6 (fdtb loans irn rdi`stbit lni` td Hnatril Hbihd) wbnrn wn snt upkost ants (Joc. >). Pbos wis tbn rst dppdrtuaotytd nxplioa td `nkdastritn bdw td prdpnrly sntkost ants dvnr i pda` sd is td oatnrsnht tbn ocbtpitb dj `roagoac dr jnnòac.

Joc. >.Ulihoac kost ants dvnr pda`s anir Fiboi Ancri,Iltd Uiricuiy.

@uroac twd aocbts dj kost anac dvnr tbn pda`swn wnrn ifln td hdllnht 99 _nlldw Fits (Lisourusnci). Iltbducb, òvnrsoty dj iaokils hipturn`wis lnss tbia wn` bdpn`, tbos rnprnsnats ia

dutstiaòac aukfnr dj rnhdr`s dj i spnhons tbitos adrkilly quotn òhult td hipturn. Oa hdkfoai-da wotb tbn rnhdr`s ihquorn` it Lds Prns Cocia-tns wn `nkdastritn` tbit tbos irni os nspnhoillyokpdrtiat jdr tbos spnhons.

Kost anac wis ilsd hdaùhtn` anir tbn rddst-oac trnns ia` fuolòacs wotboa Fiboi Ancri. Pbosprdvo`n` nxhnllnat bia`s-da nxpnronahn jdr tbnwdrgsbdp pirhopiats da bdw td snt up ia`rnkdvn fits jrdk kost ants. Ill dj tbnk wnrnoastruhtn` da kntbd`s dj bia`loac fits hdkjdrt-ifly ia` hda`natly sd is td koaokozn rosg djbirkoac fits dr fnoac fona.

Sbnanvnr pdssofln, wn oatrdùhn` ldhil pndplntd fits ia` tbnor okpdrtiahn, nkpbisozoac tbittbn vist kimdroty irn adt vikporns. Dahn tbnybi` rnhnovn` tbos oajdrkida tbnor itu`nstdwir`s fits wnrn hlnirly hbiacn` snnoac tbnkis okpdrtiat ia` juaìknatil illons.

Lnhturn it NhdHluf

^pda rntura jrdk Lds Prns Cociatns, wn wnrnoavotn` td covn i prnsnatida it tbn riòd stidakiaicn` fy Nhd-Hluf. @r. Puln civn i lnhturnoatrdùhoac tbn okpdrtiahn dj fits td i skill

crdup jrdk Fiboi Ancri (Joc. :). Ill dj tbnkwnrn vnry okprnssn` fy tbn jiht tbit adt ill tbnfits lovoac oa tbn irni wnrn vikporns. Nhd-Hlufhdul` fn i vnry okpdrtiat hdatiht jdr hdaa-un` nùhida oa tbn irni. Pbn riòd prdcrikhrnitn` oa Knxohd is i pirt dj i hdllifdridafntwnna FHO ia` tbn Knxohia Fit Hdasnrvi-da Urdcrik (UHKK), Ivnaturis il Zunld,hdul` prdvo`n vnry okpdrtiat kitnroil td ior ia`prdfifly ia nxikpln jdr hrnida dj Uiricuiyiaprdcriks ifdut fits oa tbn ldhil liacuicn (Cui-riao) dr foloacuil (Cuiriao-Xpiaosb).

Prns Cociatns

Jrdk Xnptnkfnr 3-96, tbn wdrgsbdp hdaaunìt Lds Prns Cociatns Fodldcohil Xtida ldhitn` datbn Uiricuiyia fiag dj tbn Vod Ancrd. Pbn wdrgit Prns Cociatns oahlu`n` hipturoac fits (us-oac crdua`, tropln-bocb, ia` birp trip) ihdushkdaotdroac ia` rddst snirhbns. Ia okpdrtiatihvoty wis td jdrk skill crdups sd pirhopiatshdul` prihhn fisoh stu`y `nsoca, fit survnytnhbaoquns, ìti iailysos ia` prnsnatida. Pbnsikn prnsnatidas covna oa Isuahoda fy @r.Knrloa Puln, @r. Luos J. Icuorrn ia` Loh. GitbroaFirfdzi wnrn rnpnitn` jdr ill tbn pirhopiats istbny wnrn adt prnsnat oa Isuahoda fnhiusn tbnywnrn trivnloac td Lds Prns Cociatns.

Joc. :.@r. Knrloa Puln oatrdùhns tbn ydutb dj FiboiAncri td fits uroac i lnhturn it tbn NhdHluf Uiatiail

Uiricuiyd.

Urnlokoairy kost anac ia`trippoac

@iykn ihvons jdr tbn rst hdupln dj ìys,oa i`òda td lnhturn prnsnatidas, oavdlvn`snirhboac tbn irni jdr suotifln hipturn ldhidas

ia` pdtnail rddsts. Pbn irni hdasostn` kdstlydj dpna bifotit wotb pilk trnn jdrkidas (Hd-

pnraohoi ilfi) ia` ropiroia jdrnsts. Pwd kimdrtriols wnrn hrnitn` jdr wol`lojn dfsnrvida= tbnMuruko Priol ia` tbn Irorio Priol. Muruko Priol wisldhitn` oa ropiroia jdrnst tbit hdaaun` oatddpna pilk bifotit ia` tbn Irorio Priol wis ropir-oia jdrnst tbit hdaaun` oatd dpna siviaai. Pbnrst twd aocbts tbn oastruhtdrs ia` wdrgsbdppirhopiats wdrgn` tdcntbnr td plihn kost antsia` i fit trip oa fdtb triols, is sotn hbdohns wnrnnxplioan`. Uirhopiats bi` tbn dppdrtuaoty tdplihn kost ants ia` td rnkdvn fits oa hdllifdri-da wotb tbn oastruhtdrs (Joc. 3).

Joc. 3. soac tropln-bocb kost ants, birp trips ia` kostants td hipturn fits it Lds Prns Cociatns Fodldcohil Xti-da, Iltd Uiricuiy.

@uroac tbn wdrgsbdp it Prns Cociatns, wn nxpn-ronahn` i strdac hdl` jrdat jrdk tbn sdutb, wotbvnry ldw tnkpnriturns tbit listn` jdr ilkdsttbn narn kn. Anvnrtbnlnss, inr twd aocbtsdj prnlokoairy kost anac, wn wnrn ifln tdrncostnr snvnril spnhons dj fits tbit rnculirly usntbn jdrnst oatnrodr. Pbdsn oahlu`n` tbn Sbotn-tbrditn` Vdua`-nirn` Fit (Ldpbdstdki solvo-hdluk), ia` tbn Crnit Jruot-niac Fit (Irfnusloturitus).

Pdcntbnr wotb crdua`-lnvnl kost ants, i bocbkost ant (Propln Bocb) wis nrnhtn` oa ia dpnairni oa dr`nr td hipturn bocbnr-yoac fits (uptd 2 k). Uirhopiats lniran` td kduat, kdvn,ia` òsissnkfln tbn Propln Bocb ia` rnkdvnhipturn` fits (Joc. 3). Pbos `nvohn wis ifln td

hipturn spnhons dj fits tbit wnrn adt jdua` oacrdua`-lnvnl kost ants, suhb is tbn _nlldw fit,tbn @wirj `dc-jihn` fit (Kdldssdps tnkkoahgoo)ia` tbn Lnssnr Josb Niac fit (Adhlod ilfovna-tros).

Pbn Birp Prip wis ilsd oatrdùhn` is ia okpdr-tiat kntbd` jdr hithboac skill oasnhvdrdusfits tbit dna dvdo` hipturn oa kost ants.Pbos trip wis snt oa skill hlniroacs wotb hldsn`hiadpy oa fdtb ropiroia jdrnsts. Uirhopiatslniran` td snt tbn trip (Joc. 3), wbohb hipturn`snvnril oaòvoùils dj tbn Vopiroia fit ia` _nl-ldw fit. Nvna tbducb tbdsn fits wnrn sikplnòa kost ants is wnll, tbn Birp Prip hiucbt kdrnoaòvoùils, nkdastriac ots prihhiloty nspn-hoilly jdr vnspnrlodao`s. Pbn trip ilsd hiucbtSbotn-tbrditn` rdua`-nirn` Fits ia` CrnitJruot-niac Fits.

P^PPLN NP IL.6598


14/44


Vddst snirhb

@uroac tbn ìy, wn snirhbn` oa tbn surrduaòacsjdr rddsts. Sn jdua` tbit tbn irni bis i bocb`nasoty dj tnrkotn ants (kdstly oa pilk jdrki-das) tbit wnrn pdtnail rddsts jdr tbn Sbotn-tbrditn` rdua`-nirn` fits (Joc. 2). Iltbducb wnhdul` adt hdark tbn usn dj iay pirhulir tnr-kotn anst fy fits, wn jdua` snvnril tbit sbdwn`socas dj rnhnat dhhupida. Pbn jnhns jduaùa`nranitb tbn tnrkotn ansts hdrrnspda`n` tdtbn Lnssnr Josb Niac fits (nisoly rnhdcaoziflnfy tbn hbirihtnrosh sknll dj tbn fit), ia` ua`nrdan pirhulir ifia`dan` tnrkotn anst wn jdua`tbn sgull dj tbos spnhons. Oj hdarkn` tbos wdul`rnprnsnat i advnl-typn dj rddst jdr tbos spnhons.Oa i`òda td tnrkotn ansts, dan dj tbn pirho-piats jdua` i Crnit Jruot-niac Fit rddsacfnanitb i `nasn kit dj voans ildac tbn IrorioPriol (Joc. 2).

Ihdush kdaotdroac

Uirhopiats ilsd prihhn` usn dj nhbdldhida`ntnhtdrs is i knias dj `dhuknaac fit ihv-oty ia` nstiflosboac spnhons prnsnahn. Pbos wdrgwis `dan ua`nr tbn òrnhda dj Pn` Snllnr ia`Gitbroa Firfdzi. @uroac tbn rst twd aocbts djtbn stiy it Lds Prns Cociatns, pirhopiats wnrnifln td prihhn lostnaoac jdr ia` rnhdròactbn sdua`s dj jrnn-yoac fits ùroac tbn kostant survnys. Uirhopiats litnr usn` nhbdldhi-da rnhdr`nrs is tbn fisos jdr tbnor oaòvoùilprdmnhts td hdkpirn ihvoty lnvnls ia` spnhonso`nans fntwnna tbn twd triols ia` Vod Ancriusoac triasnhts

Oa i`òda, rnjnrnahn rnhdròacs wnrn ki`njrdk kdst hipturn` oaòvoùils. Hipturnòaòvoùils wnrn rnlnisn` ia` tbnor nhbdldhi-da hills rnhdr`n` is tbny nw notbnr tntbnrn`wotb tbrni`, wotb i skill locbt tic clun` td tbnorvnatruk dr sokply is tbny wnrn rnlnisn` jrdktbn bia`. Pbn rnhdr`n` hills woll bnlp jdrktbn fisos dj i rnjnrnahn hill lofriry td wbohbjrnn-yoac fits tbit irn adt hipturn` hia fnhdkpirn`. Dahn tbn hills dj i pirhulir spnhonsirn wnll gadwa ot os pdssofln td `ntnrkoan tbnprnsnahn dj tbit spnhons wotbdut hipturn. @uroactbn wdrgsbdp, Git ia` Pn` wnrn ifln td hdkpolntbn rst rnjnrnahn lofrirons iviolifln iaywbnrnjdr Lisourus nci ia` Kyds ropirous, tbn 6 kdstjrnqunatly hipturn` fits oa Fiboi Ancri ia` Lds

Prns Cociatns. Pbnsn lofrirons woll fn oaviluiflnjdr juturn ihdush survnys oa Iltd Uiricuiy ia`woll fn òstrofutn` td Cuyri Uiricuiy ia` iay

dtbnrs oatnrnstn` oa hdaùhac suhb survnys. Oai`òda, tbn hill socaiturns jrdk snvnril dtbnrspnhons oa tbn irni wnrn hdarkn` fy hdkpiro-sda td Git Firfdzis hill lofrirons jrdk Fdlovoi,Nhui`dr, ia` Uiaiki. Pbnsn spnhons oahlu`nAdhlod ilfovnatros ia`Kdldssdps tnkkoahgoo(Joc. ?).

Joc. ?. Nhbdldhida snqunahn jrdk sox fit spnhons rnhdr`n` it Lds Prns Cociatns Fodldcohil Xtida, Iltd Uiricuiy,Xnptnkfnr 655?.

Joc. 95.Kost anac, o`nahida ia` ihdush kdaotdroac uroac pirhopiat prdmnhts it Lds Prns Cociatns Fodldcohil Xtida, Iltd Uiricuiy.

Joc. 2. Fit rddst oa tnrkotn anst (L) ia` rddst djIrfnus loturitusoa jdloicn (V) it Ldst Prns Cociatns FodldcohilXtida, Iltd Uiricuiy.



15/44

UIVIYÎVOI AIP^VIL 9>

Pifln 9

Crdup Urdmnhts

Ia okpdrtiat ihvoty da tbn list twd wdrgoac aocbts

wis tbn `nvnldpknat dj prdmnhts fy skillcrdups dj pirhopiats. Oastruhtdrs civn ia oa-

trdùhda da sikploac `nsoca, oahluòac bdwtd jdrkulitn i rnsnirhb qunsda tbit hdul` fni``rnssn` ia` td o`najy sdkn hdajduaòac jih-tdrs (o.n. jull kdda, prnsnahn dj rovnr, wnitbnr).Pbn oatrdùhda hdaso`nrn` ilsd bdw td iailyznfit spnhons issnkflicns, oahluòac= sikploacndrt (ihhukulida hurvns), òvnrsoty ia` nvna-anss (riag-ifuaìahn hurvns) ia` sokolirotyoa`nxns. Sn òshussn` wotb tbnk sdkn lokoti-das dj tbn prdmnhts, kioaly tbn sikpln sozn, sdot wis hlnir tbit tbos wis ia nxnrhosn td prihhntbn tnhbaoquns lniran` oa prnvodus nvnaoacs,bia`loac fits ia` o`najyoac tbnk usoac gnysfut wotboa tbn hdatnxt dj i koao-prdmnht.

Inr òshussoac rnsnirhb qunsdas, twd crdupswnrn jdrkn`=

Kost anac crdup.Pbny wnrn ln ildan td snt up kost ants oaplihns tbny hdaso`nrn` usnjul td hipturn fitsoa tbn snlnhtn` irnis, ia` oastruhtdrs supnr-vosn` tbn prdhnùrn. Pbn sikploac `nsocaoahlu`n` plihoac kost ants oa tbrnn ònrnatbifotits= ropiroia jdrnst wotbdut socaohiatoaunahn dj pilk trnns, ropiroia jdrnsts wotbsocaohiat oaunahn dj pilk trnns ia` tbnbukia snlnknat irni irdua` tbn nl`stida. Inr hipturoac fits tbny prihhnò`nahida usoac nl` gnys jrdk Ircnaai(Firqunz & @iz 655?), Fdlovoi (Icuorrn nt il.655?), Uiricuiy (Lpnz-Cdazlnz 655>) ia`Frizol (Crncdroa & Pi``no 6556) is sbdwa oa

Jocurn 95.

Ihdush kdaotdroac crdup.Is tbn kntbd` dj usoac fit `ntnhtdrs os kdrnhdkplnx, tbny wdrgn` kdrn hldsnly wotboastruhtdrs Pn` Snllnr ia` Gitbroa Firfdzi.Pbn sikploac `nsoca oahlu`n` kdaotdroac fitsihdushilly ildac 955 k triasnhts ldhitnòa tbn rovnr, oa ia dpna irni, ia` oaso`n iropiroia jdrnst. Litnr, tbny prihhn` wotb tbnoastruhtdrs usoac sdwirn td o`najy fit hills.

Inr twd ìys dj sikploac ia` rnhdròac fits,nihb crdup wrdtn i fronj rnpdrt nxplioaoac wbittbny bi` ihhdkplosbn` inr fnoac oatrdùhn`da tbn fisoh jdrkit dj kiaushropts. @uroac tbnlist ìy oa Fibi Ancri, tbny prnsnatn` tbnor rn-

pdrt oa i Udwnr Udoat prnsnatida jdr ifdut 9>koautns pnr crdup ia` 95 koautns dj qunsdas.

Pbn jdrkit dj frnigoac up oa skill crdups ia`bivoac tbnk i``rnss i sokpln rnsnirhb qunsdajrdk stu`y `nsoca ia` nl` kntbd`s td iailysosdj rnsults ia` prnsnatida (wrona ia` dril)wis i cdd` hbiahn td wdrgsbdp `yaikohs ia`wis pdsovnly nviluitn` fy tbn stu`nats. Jdrtbn rst kn, pirhopiats wnrn rnspdasofln jdrokplnknaac tbn tnhbaoquns tbny bi` lniran`td i``rnss i qunsda dj oatnrnst td tbnk. Pbnoastruhtdrs icrnn` tbit tbos tnhbaoqun os dan tbitsbdul` fn usn` fy wdrgsbdps nlsnwbnrn wbnakn illdws.

Xpnhons ihhduat

Inr nocbt ìys dj fit survny it Fiboi Ancriia` Prns Cociatns, wn wnrn ifln td hdark tbnprnsnahn dj 90 spnhons ia` ihdushilly `ntnhtn`

tbn prnsnahn dj it lnist 8 dtbnrs (fut hdul` adtissoca tbnk td spnhons) jdr i tdtil dj it lnist 93spnhons dj fits (89% dj tbn spnhons oa Uiricuiy7Pifln 9). Fy hdkpirosda td tbn fddg Kurho-licds nl Uiricuiy (Ldpnz-Cdazilnz 655>)dur survnys rnsultn` oa anw rnhdr`s jdr IltdUiricuiy jdr vn (>) spnhons=Irfnus loturitus,Ldpbdstdki solvohdluk, Kyds ropirous,Urdkdpshnatrilos ia` Piìroì frisolonasos. Pbit K. ropir-ous wdul` fn i anw spnhons jdr Iltd Uiricuiy ossdknwbit surprosoac is ot ippnirn` td fn dan djtbn kdst ifuaìat spnhons oa fdtb Fiboi Ancriia` Lds Prns Cociatns. Is prnvodusly adtn`, tbnspnhons o`naty dj P. frisolonasosann`s td fnhdarkn` jrdk tbn hdllnhtn` spnhokna. Urd-kdps hnatriloswis o`nan` sdlnly da tbn fisosdj ihdush rnhdr`s, fut sdadcrik `npohda djots nhbdldhida hills os uakostigifln.

Pifln 9 `nkdastritns tbn okpdrtiahn dj usoacviron` tnhbaoquns td rnhdr` fits ia` okprdvnsoavnatdry hdkplntnanss. Kost anac ia` ihdus-h kdaotdroac nihb `ntnhtn` 95 spnhons, fut

jdur spnhons wnrn rnhdr`n` nxhlusovnly fy kostanac (Ldpbdstdki frisolonasos), ia` jdur kdrnnxhlusovnly fy ihdush kdaotdroac (twd spnhonsjrdk tbn cnaus Nukdps, Urdkdps hnatrilos iaì vnspnrlodao` rnhdr`n` it 05 Gbz). Iltbducbtbn birp trip hipturn` daly jdur spnhons, dandj tbnk, Kyds aocrohias, wis adt `ntnhtn` fystiaìr` kost ants. Ilsd, kdst dj tbn oaòvoùilsdj Kyds ropirous it Prns Cociatns wnrn hip-turn` usoac tbn birp trip (2 dut dj 98), `nkda-striac tbn okpdrtiahn dj tbos trip oa rncostnroactbnsn skill fits. Pbn Propln-bocb kost ant wisia nxhnllnat kntbd` jdr hipturoac fits oa dpnairnis, ia` oa Prns Cociatns wis tbn daly wiy djhipturoac Adhlod ilfovnatros fnso`ns rnhdròacot. Fy snirhboac jdr rddsts wn wnrn ifln td a`

0 spnhons dj fits, ia` tbn daly vikporn fit snnajdr tbn narn trop wis oa i fuolòac, ia uausuilrddst hbdohn jdr tbos spnhons.

Juturn ornhdas

Jdlldwoac tbn hdkplnda dj tbn wdrgsbdp tbnoastruhtdrs bi` kn td òshuss o`nis jdr jurtbnrfit wdrg oa Uiricuiy. Dur o`nis hnatnrn` dahipotilozoac da tbn kdknatuk dj tbn wdrgsbdp=fdtb ikdac tbn 95 pirhopiats oa tbn nl`wdrgsbdp ia` ikdac tbn iuònahn knkfnrsjrdk tbn lnhturns oa Isuahoda. Bnrn wn dnrsnvnril pdtnail ivnauns dj nxpldrida.

Fit Hdasnrvida Urdcrik jdrUiricuiy

Dan okpdrtiat ornhda os td nvnldp i jdrkil fit hda-

snrvida prdcrik jdr Uiricuiy. Xuhb i prdcrikhdul` nvnatuilly bivn nùhida, hdasnrvidaia` rnsnirhb suf-prdcriks, fut hdul` fncoa fypursuoac iay dj tbnsn tdpohs. It lnist dan pir-hopiat (Anry Hbikdrrd) nxprnssn` oatnrnst oafncoaaoac i fit nùhida prdcrik. Unrbips tboshdul` fn tbn rst stnp oa oaoiac i kdrn hdk-prnbnasovn prdcrik. Luos Icuorrn bis nxpnronahnoa oaoiac fit hdasnrvida prdcriks oa Fdlovoiia` nlsnwbnrn tbrducbdut Xdutb Iknrohi ia`bis dnrn` td bnlp oa Uiricuiy. Bn hdul` sbirnkitnroils ia` hdavny lnssdas lniran` jrdk dtbnrhduatrons. Luos bis succnstn` tbit i suhhnssjulkd`nl jdr oaoiac i hdasnrvida prdcrik os tdbdst i koao-sykpdsouk jdlldwn` fy i wdrgoaccrdup td òshuss tbn ann`s ia` òrnhdas jdr iprdpdsn` hdasnrvida prdcrik. Pbn sykpd-

Jikoly Xufjikoly Xpnhons (Ldhida) Kost Ant Birp Prip Propln Bnocbt Ihdush

Adhlodaoìn

Adhlod ilfovnatros (FA-PC) R R R

Ubylldstdkoìn

Ubylldstdkoain

Ldpbdstdki solvohdluk(PC) R R

Xtnad`nrkoain

Irfnus loturitus(PC) R R

Ulityrrboaus loanitus(PC) R

@nskd`daain

@nskdùs rdtuaùs(FA)

Znspnrlodaoìn

Lisourus nci (FA-PC) R R R

Kyds aocrohias(PC) R

Kyds ropirous(FA-PC) R R R

Znsp. 05Gbz (FA-PC) R

Kdldssoìn

Nukdps 65gBz (FA-PC) R

Nukdps 9>gBz (FA-PC) R

Kdldssdps tnkkoahgoo (FA-PC) R R R

Kdldssus rujus(FA-PC) R R R

Kdldssus hurrnauk(PC) RKdldssus kdldssus (FA) R R

Urdkdps hnatrilos(FA-PC) R

Piìro i frisolonasos(FA) R

Xpnhons dj fits jdua` usoac virodus tnhbaoquns ùroac tbn wdrgsbdp. FA= Fibi Ancri7 PC= Prns Cociatns.

P^PPLN NP IL.6598


16/44

UIVIYÎVOI AIP^VIL 9:

souk wdul` hill tdcntbnr ill fit wdrgnrs jrdktbn hduatry ia` tbdsn oatnrnstn` oa wdrgoacda fit hdasnrvida td sbirn wbit tbny bivnfnna `doac ia` òshuss wiys td hdllifdritn

tbrducb i hdasnrvida prdcrik. I gny stnp oanstiflosboac i hdasnrvida prdcrik os td o`na-jy i lni`nr dj tbn crdup sdkndan td gnnp tbn

crdup drciaozn` ia` kdvoac jdrwir`.

Nùhida

I sokolir tbnkn os td `nvnldp i fit nùhidaprdcrik jdr Uiricuiy td hdavny tbn nhdldco-hil fnants dj fits td tbn pdpulihn ia` òspnlo`nis tbit ill fits irn vikporns ia` òspnrsnrsdj òsnisns. O`nis jdhusn` da nùhiac hbol`rnatbrducb shbddl prdcriks ia` jdrkilozoac i fitnùhida hdkpdanat oatd tbn wdrg dj Nhd-HlufUiatiail Uiricuiyd, wbohb ilrni`y hdaùhtssuhb wdrg. Sn òshussn` prdùhda dj sdknfisoh nùhidail kitnroils (skill pikpblntwotb pbdtdcripbs) tbit hdul` fn òstrofutn`

ùroac tbnsn prdcriks. Fdtb Luos Icuorrn ia`FHO bivn nxtnasovn nxpnronahn oa hrniac suhbkitnroils ia` bivn dnrn` tbnor issostiahn.Dtbnr o`nis oahlu`n tdpoh-spnhoh wdrgsbdpssuhb is wdrgsbdps jdr cdvnraknat dhoils davikporn fit hdatrdl dr dan tbit wdul` prdvo`nsgolls trioaoac jdr bdw td prnsnat hdasnrvidaprdcriks da fits.

Jurtbnr Prioaoac

Pbn wdrgsbdp wis i crnit suhhnss oa nxpdsoacUiricuiyia fodldcosts td tbn wdrl` dj fits ia`tbn tnhbaoquns usn` td oavnatdry, kdaotdr ia`stu`y tbnk. Fy tbn na` dj tbn wdrgsbdp tbn stu-`nats bi` ihhukulitn` i wniltb dj gadwln`cn

da tixdadky, bifotits, fnbivodr, ia` hdasnrvi-da ann`s dj fits. Pbny wnrn ilsd hdkjdrtiflntrippoac, bia`loac, ia` o`najyoac fits (tbnlinr ua`nr tbn supnrvosoda dj oastruhtdrs).Kioatnaiahn dj suhb sgolls rnquorns jrnqunatrnpnda ia` prihhn. Xuhb sgolls hia fnst fn`nvnldpn` oa skill crdups (6-0 pndpln) wdrgoacoatnasovnly wotb i sgolln` fit wdrgnr jdr i pnrod`dj 9-6 wnngs. Jdr oastiahn, oj Cuyri Uiricuiywdul` logn td pursun fit oavnatdrons it sdkn djots dtbnr nl` stidas dr prdpnrns, ot woll fnanhnssiry td `nvnldp i rnso`nat fit nxpnrt tddvnrsnn tbos wdrg (ia` supnrvosn issostiahn).Iltbducb tbnrn wnrn sdkn nxhnllnat stu`nats,wbd lniran` quohgly, adan dj tbnk irn hurrnatlyhipifln dj hdaùhac hdkprnbnasovn oavnatd-

rons fnhiusn dj tbn spnhoilozn` sgolls anhnssirytd o`najy sdkn spnhons dj fits fdtb oa tbnbia` (n.c., `ntnrkoaoac `natil hbirihtnroshs)ia` ihdushilly, ia` td `nvnldp i sikploac`nsoca td hdvnr i rnsnirhb ihvoty. Sn sokplyòàt bivn naducb kn oa tbn wdrgsbdp td `n-vnldp tbos lnvnl dj nxpnrsn oa tbn pirhopiats.Bdwnvnr wn irn hda`nat tbit suhb i sgoll snthdul` fn `nvnldpn` wotb oatnasovn nl` stu`yis `nshrofn` ifdvn. Dan o`ni òshussn` wis td`nvnldp suhb sgolls ùroac tbn hdursn dj i skillrnsnirhb prdmnht supnrvosn` fy dan dj tbn oa-struhtdrs dj tbos wdrgsbdp (dr dtbnrs oa hduatry,o.n. @r. Vdfnrt Dwna).

Irhoil Vddsts

Sn òshussn` tbn pdssofoloty dj oatrdùhoacirhoil rddsts it Lds Prns Cociatns ia` dtbnrldhidas wbnrn fit pdpulidas ia` spnhonsòvnrsoty kocbt fn lokotn` fy i lihg dj rddst

struhturns. Sn irn iwirn dj snvnril pdtnail `n-socas tbit bivn fnna usn` suhhnssjully oa trdpohilirnis. Dan oa pirhulir, ki`n jrdk i hdahrntnia` siwùst koxturn hia bdusn bua`rn`s djfits (Gnlk 6552). Sdd`na bdusns wotb a rddjshia ihhdkkdìtn bua`rn`s td tbdusia`s djoasnhvdrdus fits, ia` tbnor dut-ocbts hia

fnhdkn i pdpulir nhd tdur ihvoty (`nshrofnòa Fit Bdusn Fuol`nrs Bia`fddg, iviolifln jrdkFHO)Pbnsn hia fn hdastruhtn` da-sotn usoac ldhillifdr ia` hdkpirosda ikdac ònrnat typns djirhoil rddst `nsocas hdul` fnhdkn i tdpoh djrnsnirhb. Pbnsn hdul` fn nspnhoilly nnhvn ia`pdpulir oa Fiboi Ancri wbnrn sd kiay aiturilrddsts bivn fnna nstrdyn`.

Vnsnirhb

Is i hduatry wotb i rnlivnly uanxpldrn` fitjiuai tbnrn ia ifuaìahn dj rnsnirhb tdpohshdul` fn ua`nrtigna wbohb wdul` bnlp td ua`nr-stia` tbn fnbivodr, nhdldcohil rdlns, ia` hdasnr-

vida ann`s dj fits oa Uiricuiy. Sn nvnldpn`tbn jdlldwoac lost dj pdtnail tdpohs ùroac durvosot td daly dan skill (ynt fodòvnrsoty-rohb)pdrda dj tbn hduatry. Dfvodusly tbn lost wdul`crdw wotb vosots td dtbnr irnis=

Xurvny td prdvo`n i lost dj fit òvnrsotyia` nxtridròairy fit bdtspdts hdvnroacUiricuiys kdst okpdrtiat bifotit typns.

Hdkpolida dj i rnjnrnahn lofriry djihdush hills td jiholotitn juturn survnysXurvny dj Uiricuiyia hivns td ntnrkoanwbohb, oj iay, irn dj spnhoil okpdrtiahn tdlircn dr naìacnrn` fit pdpulidas ia`td hbirihtnrozn iay tbit irn.

@dhuknatida dj fit rdlns oa jdrnst

rncnanrida (snn` òspnrsil) ia`/drpdlloaida, nspnhoilly jdr trnns/sbrufs djnhdadkoh okpdrtiahn.

Hdkpirosda dj irhoil rddsts td `ntnr-koan kdst nnhvn vs. nhdadkohil typnsia` pdtnail usn, nspnhoilly irdua`vollicns wbnrn kiay aituril rddsts bivnfnna nstrdyn`.

Ihgadwln`cnknats

Sn wiat td tbiag i ldt dj pndpln ia` oastu-das tbit bivn suppdrtn` tbos wdrgsbdp. Jorstit ill, tbiags td Hirdl Lovnly jrdk tbn ^X JdrnstXnrvohn jdr tbnor oaviluifln suppdrt. Ilsd kiaytbiags td Fit Hdasnrvida Oatnraidail ia`

Ivosd Fodihushs, oa tbn pnrsda dj Viokua`Xpnhbt, jdr jiholotitn ihquosoda ia` triaspdrti-da dj nquopknats. Pbiags ilsd td tbn Jihultydj Zntnroairy dj tbn Aidail âovnrsoty djIsuahoda. Pbiags td Ilfnrtd _iadsgy ia`, oa bospnrsda td tbn Cuyri Uiricuiys sti tbit bivnjiholotitn ill tbn drciaozida rnquornknats. Oatbn sikn wiy, kiay tbiags td tbn oahrnòflnpnrsdas dj tbn Nhd Hluf Uiatiail Uiricuiyd, tbnFiboi Ancri Udty JK Viòd, tbn Aivy Fisndj Fiboi Ancri ia` tbn Kuaohopiloty dj FiboiAncri oa tbn pnrsda dj tbn Ldr` Kimdr, HbrosiaFnatnz. Joailly, ilsd wn wiat td tbiag ill tbnpndpln tbit bis ihhdkpiaon` td dur wdrgsbdpsoa Isuahoda ia` Pdfi, spnhoilly tbn JuaìhoaHivnrais n Uiricuiy-Hdadzhd Urdtnmd, tbn

Jn`nrihoa Uiricuiyi n Nspndldldci ia`stu`nats jrdk Zntnroairy ia` Fodldcy.

Vnjnrnahns

Icuorrn, L.J. 6553. Bostdroi aituril, ostro-fuhoa y hdasnrvihoa `n lds kurho-licds `n Fdlovoi. Juaìhoa Xoka O.Uid. 055pp.

Icuorrn, L.J., I. Zircis y X. Xdliro. 655?.Hlivn `n hikpd piri o`nahir ildskurholicds n Fdlovoi. FODPI,Hdhbifikfi. 00pp.

Firqunz, V. y K. @iz. 655?. Lds kurho-licds `n Ircnaai, Hlivn `n o`na-hihoa. UHKI, Puhuka. 25pp.

Hlnvnlia`, M.H., K. Fntgn, U. Jn`nrohd, [email protected], P.C. Billik, M. Bdra, M.@. LpnzMr., C.J. KhHrihgna, V.I. Kn`nlla, I.Kdrnad-Zil`nz, H.C. Xiasdan, M.G.Snstfrddg y P.B. Guaz. 655:. Nhd-adkoh vilun dj tbn pnst hdatrdl snr-vohn prdvo`n` fy Frizoloia jrnn-tioln`fits oa sdutb-hnatril Pnxis. Jrdanrs

oa Nhdldcy ia` tbn Navordaknat0=682-608.

Crncdroa, V. y Z.I. Pi``no. 6556. Hbivnirhoil piri o`nahid `n Kdlds-s`nds frisolnords (Kikkiloi, Hbo-rdptnri). Kistdzddldci Andtrdpohil?(9)=98-86.

Gilgi, K.F., I.V. Xkob y N.G.G. Gilgd. 6552.Fits lokot irtbrdpd`s ia` bnrfovdry oai trdpohil jdrnst. Xhonahn 865=39.

Gnlk, @., G.V. Sonsanr y D.Z. Bnlvnrsna.6552. Nnhts dj irhoil rddsts jdrjrucovdrdus fits da snn` òspnrsil oai Andtrdpohil jdrnst pisturn kdsioh.

Hdasnrvida Fodldcy 66=388-309.Lpnz-Cdazlns, H. 655>. Kurholicds

`nl Uiricuiy. Hdkot Nspidl `nlUrdcriki KiF y `n li Vn` OfnrdKif,ÂNXHD. 855pp.

Uinrsda, F.@., K.V. Solloc y V.@. Xtnvnas.6558. Prdpboh stritncons, aohbn pir-daoac, ia` pinras dj nhdldcoihldrciaozida. Na P.B. Guaz y K.F.Jnatda (N`s.) Fit nhdldcy. aovnrsotydj Hbohicd Urnss, Hbohicd, OL. >8:->3?pp.

Xokkdas, A.F. 655>. Dr`nr Hbordptnri.Na @.N. Solsda y @.K. Vnn`nr (N`s.)Kikkil spnhons dj tbn wdrl`= i tixd-

adkoh ia` cndcripboh rnjnrnahn. 8r`n`. Mdbas Bdpgoas âovnrsoty Urnss,Filkdrn, Kirylia`. 896->6? pp.

Solloiks-Cuollna, G., O. Unrjnhtd y M. Zia-`nrknnr. 6552. Fits lokot oasnhts oaAndtrdpohil icrdjdrnstry systnk.Xhonahn 865=35.

Solloc., K. V., X.M. Urnsnly, V.@. Dwna y H.Lpnz-Cdazlnz. 6555. Hdkpdsodaia` struhturn dj fit issnkflicn oaUiricuiy= i suftrdpohil-tnkpnritnoatnrjihn. Mdurail dj Kikkildcy29=82:-059.



17/44


Ivojiuai isdhoiì i lds hulvds `nirrdz na Uiricuiy

HVOXPOAI KDVILNX

B^CD @NL HIXPOLLDXOLZOI HNAPVAJNVAIA@D UILIHODX

Cuyri UiricuiyCintiad Kirad 69>.Isuahoa, Uiricuiy.

Hdatihtd= hrosaikEcuyri.drc.py

KDVILNXNP IL. 6598

VNX^KNA= Na li nhdrrncoa n lds Hikpds

Aiturilns n lis Kosodans qun hufrn nl sur n li

Vncoa Dronatil nl Uiricuiy sn nahunatria 9>rnis okpdrtiatns piri lis ivns sukia`d uai

supnrhon n 93>.603 bi (2,:% n li nhdrrncoa)7

`n nstis, 96 pdsnna hulvd n irrdz (>.36> bi),

rnprnsnatia`d nl ?,0% n li supnrhon tdtil n

lis 96 OFIs (:5.?5> bi), y nl 99,>% `n li supnrhon

tdtil n irrdz fimd roncd na Uiricuiy (>5.555 bi)

`n li zijri 6552-655?. Na lis OFIs qun pdsnna

hulvds n irrdz sn bia rncostri`d 63> nspnhons

`n ivns rnso`natns y kocritdrois, 99: nspnhons n

ivns ihuhis jrnhunatia lds hulvds n irrdz,

sontn nspnhons sda iknaiziìs i aovnl cldfil. Lis

irrdhnris na lds Hikpds Aiturilns hdastuyna

sods okpdrtiatns n rnprdùhhoa, rnjucod y

iloknatihoa piri nspnhons n ivns rnso`natns y

:5 nspnhons kocritdrois, rnprnsnatia`d nl 08%

`nl tdtil n nspnhons `dhuknatiìs piri nl pis

(909 nspnhons). I`nks, 90 nspnhons vosotiatns`nl hdaanatn adrtniknrohiad ulozia lis rnis

`n hulvd uriatn su kocrihoa bihoi nl sur

natrn snpnkfrn y advonkfrn, hdoaho`natn hda

li sonkfri nl irrdz. Biy tdì uai honahoi ntrs

`n li hdasnrvihoa y kianmd n fodòvnrsoì` na

irrdzilns nspnria d pdr snr nsirrdlliì.

UILIFVIX HLIZN=Uiricuiy, Buknìlns, Okpih-

tds Ikfonatilns n li Icrohulturi, Ivns, Nspnhons

Kocri`dris.

IFXP VIHP= Oa tbn nhdrncoda dj tbn Hikpds Aitu-

rilns(aituril crislia`s) dj Kosodans `npirtknat

tbit hdvnrs tbn Xdutb dj tbn Nist (Vncoa Dronatil)dj Uiricuiy tbnrn irn 9> okpdrtiat for` irnis

wotb 93>.603 bi. (2,:% dj tbn nhdrncoda)7 ikdac

tbnk, 96 bis rohnnl`s (>.36> bi), rnprnsnaac

?,0% dj tbn irni dj tbn 96 OFIs (:5.?5> bi) ia`

99,>% dj tbn tdtil rohnnl`s ua`nr orrocida dj

Uiricuiy (>5.555 bi) dj 6552-655? birvnst. Oa

tbn OFIs wotb rohnnl`s 63> rnso`nat ia` kocri-

tdry for` spnhons bis fnna rnhdr`n` sd jir, 99:

witnrjdwl spnhons usn rohnnl`s, snvna spnhons

irn naìacnrn` it i cldfil lnvnl. Vohnnl`s oa

aituril crisslia`s irn okpdrtiat jdr tbn frnnòac

snisda dj tbnsn for`s, jdr sbnltnr ia` jdr jdd` dj

rnso`nat ia` :5 kocritdry spnhons (08% dj tbn

tdtil hduatry kocritdry lost dj 909). Jurtbnrkdrn,

90 spnhons tbit irn Adrtb Iknrohia vosotdrs usn

rohnnl`s uroac tbnor kocrida td tbn Xdutb

fntwnna Xnptnkfnr ia` Advnkfnr, ùroac rohn

sdwoac. Oo os tbnrn i shonahn td fn òshdvnrn` da

tbn kiaicnknat ia` hdasnrvida dj rohnnl`s

wioac td fn `nvnldpn`.

GN_ SDV@X= Uiricuiy, Sntlia`s, Navordakna-

til Okpihts jrdk Icrohulturn, For`s, Kocritdry

Xpnhons.

OAPVD@^HHOA

Oavnscihodans rnhonatns bia nkdstri`dqun lds hulvds `n irrdz oauaì`d prdvnna uabfotit irhoil

revista de ciencia y desarrollo sostenible en paraguay - paraquaria - junio 2013 - vol 1 num 1 -...

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