loto blanco julio 1930

8/3/2019 Loto Blanco Julio 1930

1/25

NG[JTJKNKFWKFXF@KJF@[FW F J@KFXF@KJF@[FW KF LN WIGlFKNK [FIWIDJGN

Kfxnq{ncf {i kf Xvaljgjknk z Xqixnbn`kn [fiwidjgnLn cjw{i` kf fw{f kfxnq{ncf`{i fw nq`xljwjq`n xiq wvw j` q jcfqnw z fdjgngfwqncjdjgngji`fw kf kjtvlbngji` kf lnw tfq knkfw {fiwidjgnw FJ Kfxnq{ncf`{iGf {qnl fkj{ n eionw z di llf{iw kf fw{vkji flfcf`{nl z xqibq fwjti ~vf liw Kf#xnq{ncf`{iw Wfggji`nlfw f`tjn` xfqjikjgnq`f`{f n n~vfllnw xfqwi`nw ~vf ìgiìgf` ln [fiwidjn, xfqi ~vf {jf`f` v`n gjfq{n xqfxnqngji`= iqbn`jn gi` J f#q f gj nw f` lnw kjtfqwnw g jvknkfw, z Wll iaof {jti d v kncf { nl fw, f` wvcn, kjd v #kjq, xiq {ikiw liw cfkjiw, ln lv {fiwidjgn xnqn gi`wfbvjq ln qfbf`fqngji` kf

ln evcn`jknk z kfwxfq{n`ki n~vfllnw nlcnw ~vf nwxjqf` n wvw f`wfjjn`nw {qnw#gf`kf`{nlfw z ~vf iaqf` kf ngvfqki gi` fl nl{i wjb`jdjgnki kf ln tjknWfgqf{nqji kf Xqixnbn`kn f` Fwxn`n?L Bnqgjn Liqf`n`n#Nt f jkn Qfj`n Tjg{i qjn, ;7 Cnkqjk Dqn{f q jknk J {fq ngji n l kf Fkvgngji`

Fw{n j`w{j{vgji` lnaiqn xnqn nbqvxnq n liw j`kjtjkviw ~vf gi`wjkfqf` lnfkvgngji` gici v` xqialfcn tj{nl z fw{ f k jwxvfw {iw n xqfkjgnq z n tjtjq f`ln fwgvfln z f` fl eibnq lnw cikfq`nw {fiqjnw xfknbibjgnw kf? qfwxf{i n lnj k jt jkvnl jknk j d n {j l, nciqiwn kjwg jx lj n, w f {jcj f {i kf giixfqngj i , f {g ~vfxqfxnqn` nl `jì xnqn ln @vftn FqnWv ng{jtjknk gici cjglfi , nkfq`nw kf wv qflngji` j`{fq`ngji nl, fw{n kfkj#gnkn n ln xvaljgngji` kf iaqnw f` fwxndjil ~vf fw{jcvlf` ln xqng{jgn kf fw{nw{fiqjnw= n ln xqfxnqngji` kf dv{vqfw cnfw{qiw z n ln dv kngji` kf fwgvflnw`vftnw Xnq n flli en j`w{j{vjki {qfw di ki w? xvaljglknk, # afgnw# z Fwgvf lnw`vftnw.Idjgj`n gf` {qnl f` liw xnlwfw kf ena ln gnw{flln`n? Nxnq {nki :6; Anqgfli`nFwgvfln @vftn Knci`

Wj{vnkn gnwj f` fl gncxi, f` vì kf liw cnw eflliw xnqnofw kf Anqgfli`n,fw{n Fwgvfln gvcxlf f` >8 d jwj gi , ciqnl f j` {f lfg{vnl l nw g i kjgj i fw qf~vfqjknwxi q lnw Fwgvflnw @vftnw? nv{iìcjn fwgi lnq , gifkvgngji`, j` {fq nki , g>nwfwnl njqf ljaqf, j`w{qvggji` n anwf kf gi`tfqwngji`fw, gi` fuglvwji` kf ljaqiw kf{fu{i, {qnanoiw q`n`vnlfw, fkvgngj i n q { jw {j gn , g n {i , b jc nwj n q j{cjgn , f {g Ln gnqng{fqjw{jgn kf ln Fwgvfln @vftn Knci` fw idqfgfq nl `jì lnw cnuj#cnw ixi q{v`jknkfw kf v`n tjkn `vftn f` ln ~vf fujw{n` lnw tnq jnknw cn`jd fw{n#gji`fw kf ln ng{jt jk nk evc n w xnqn kfwf`ti ltfq Eicaqfw l"Cvofqfw, fw kfgjq,j`kjtjkviw gnxngfw kf gqfnq gi` wv f`fqbjn j` {fq ji q lnw di qcnw kf v`n Wigjfknkcnw flftnkn z xvqn ~vf ln kf wvw xqfkfgfwiqfw Xnqn j diqcfw z xiqcf iqfw kjq jb jq wf n l Nxnq {nki :6; Anqgfl i n %Fwxn n *Ljbn J {fq ngji nl kf Giqqfwxi`kf`gjn

Fw{n ljbn {jf`f xiq iaof{i nxljgnq kf v` ciki xqng{{gi z iqbn`jnkif`{qf liw cjfcaqiw kf ln W [ z i{qnw nwigjngji`fw ndj`fw kfl xqj`gjxji kfDQN[FQ@JKNK [fof n {qntfw kf {iki fl cv`ki ln qfk kf ln ncjw{iwn qfln#gji` f`{qf efqcnìw xnqn ~vf ln dqn{fq`jknk ì wfn v` tignali tnì, wjì lnkfìcj`ngj4` tjtn kf v` giòv` {i kf wfqfw ~vf wf nc n , gicxqf`kf` znzvkn` Liw cfkjiw ~vf fcxlfn wi` ? giqqfwxi kf`gjn f`{qf j`k jt jkviw z {nqàjf`f`{qf Qncnw kf ln W [, bqvxiw kf ovtf`{vk, f{g= j`{fqgncaji kf ì{jgjnw j`#{ fq n gj i nlf w f` bqn` fwgnln= j { fqgncaji kf l jaqiw z qft jw{nw f` {ikiw li w jk ji#cnw= dngjl j{nq liw tjnofw z qfwjk f gjnw n cjfcaqiw f` xnjwfw fu{qn` ofq iw, kn`ki#lfw j diqcngj i , gvjkn ki kf qfgjajqlfw z n{f kfqlfw, dngjll{n kilfw nlionq`jf`{iz eiwxj{nljknk F` v`n xnlnaqn, {iki >8 ~ vf {jf`kn n ng{vnljnq f` ln tjkn fljkfnl kf DQN[FQ@lKNK wj` kjw{j`gj4` kf qnn, gqfki, wfui 8 g>nwfWfgqf{nqji J`{fq`ngji`nl? Cq D R Qibfqw 5; Aiv`knq Qink Li`#kqfw, @ R 5 # Wfgqf{nqji xnqn Fwxn`n? Nxnq{nki 687 # Anqgfli`n #Fwxn`n

QFTJWNKI XIQ LN GF@WVQN IVAFQ@N[JTNJcxq f {n kf ovnv Wnllf { #Wn` ^vjqjgi, 71 z Oitflln iw 1;n{ 15 Y Wnankfll

Ovlji Ndji >:78

I q b n ` i k f q f ln g j4 ` f ` {q f l i w { f 4 w i di w f wx nd j i lf w f e jw x n ` i # n c fq j g n ì w[ikn ln giqqfwxi`kf`gjn, bjqiw,wvwgqjxgji`fw z gilnaiqngj4` nlNXNQ[NKI :6; # Anqgfli`nO?% O?% O ? , % Fwxn`n O ? , % O?% O?%

Ln qfwxi wnajljknk kf liw nq{{gv#liw djqcnkiw giqqfwxi`kf n wvwnv{iqfw z n liw {qnkvg{iqfw lnwO?% O?% O?% {qnkvggji fwO?% O ? , % O ?, %

NKTFQ[F@GJNFL LI[IALN@GIjf`f wiaqnkn gf`wvqn gi` ln ~vf engf

wf{w lnqbiw nìw wixiq{n bvafq`n{jtncf`{f, xnqn ~vf wfenzn kf wicf{fq nl lnxj gnqkfì kfl xqjcfq gjvknknì@fq4` xqiglncnkiq kf ln ic`jcikn ljafq{nk kf wv xqixjixf`wncjf`{i z kf ln gf`wvqn j`{ilfqn`{f kfl xf`wncjf`{inofìNwj fw ~vf gi`tjf`f xvaljgnq lnw ixj`ji`fw kf gvn`{iw{fiwidiw wf xqfigvxn` kf ln ng{vnl wj{vngji` kf ln Wigjfknk[fiwidjgn, ~vf wj f` qfnljknk ì dvf dv`knkn xiq Alntn{wmzzIlgi{{ w>>>4xiq kiw Cnfw{qiw kf Gicxnwji` z Wnajkv#`n, ì en kf {fcfq lnw gqjwjw `j lnw kjdjgvl{nkfw `j liw {qn`w#{iqìw j`{fq` iw cjf`{qnw wvw tfqknkfqiw dv`knkiqfw gi`wj#kfqf` `fgfwnqjn wv fujw{f`gjn gici tfejgvli kf >n[fiwidjnNkfcnw, xnqn wfq cjfcaqi kf ln Wigjfknk [fiwidjgnanw{n z wiaqn gi` gvcxljq wj`gfqnq`f`{f wv xqjcfq iaof{i,xvfw fl gvq`xljcjf`{i kf liw i{qiw kiw qf~vjfqf` gjfq{nwgi kJgJI fw ~vf ì qfv`f` {ikiw liw cjfcaqiwWf xvfkf wfq {f4widi z ì xfq{f`fgfq n ln Wigjfknk [fi#w4djgn, z wf xvfkf wfq cjfcaqi kf ln Wigjfknk [fiwidjgn


2/25

7>8 FL LI[I ALN@GI %Ovljixnqn gvcxljq xiq >8cfìw fl xqjcfq iaof{i, wj` wfq {f4widif` fl fw{qjg{i wf`{jki kf ln xnlnaqn V` gn{iljgi ljafqnl, v` jwqnflj{n , v` qicn`jw{n, vY`mqjwe#`ncvq{jnì, v` n{fi, v` cvlwvcn` xvfkf{? wfq cjfqàqiwkf ln Wigjfknk [fiwidjgn, xfqi ì xvfkf` c kfaf` gi`tfq#{jq lnw Qncnw kf ln Wigjfknk [fiw4djgn f` jblfwjnw, gnxjllnw,wj`nbibnw 8cf~vj{nw "FL LI[IALN@GIi xvfkf `fbnq wvw xnbj`nw p liw fwg`#{iw kf Mqjwe`ncvq{j z kf ~vjf`fw f` vwi kf wv eafq{nk kfgi`gjf`gjn gqfn` wj`gfqncf`{f ~vf fw v` ntn{nqn, ln f` gnq#`ngji` kfl J`w{qvg{iq kfl Cv`ki= xfqi {ncxigi xvpkf `f#bnqlnw n ~vjf`fw gi` fl cjwci kfqfgei nl vwi kf ln l>pfq{nkkf gi`gjf`gjn, gqff` {ncajf` wj`gfqncf`{f ~vf M`we`n#cvq{j ì fw cnw ~vf fl di`4bqndi tjtjf`{f kf {iki gvn`{iengf cjllnqfw kf nìw fw{n qfxj{jf`ki f` ln J`kjn ln djliwiddnnktnj{nLn Kjqfggj4` kf FL Li[I ALN@GIcjf {qnw cfqfgn lngi`djn`n kfl Gi`wfoi kf Qfknggji`, knqn n gvp`{iw ei9qf`ln qftjw{n gi` wv gilnaiqngj4` fl {qn{i ~vf qf~vjfqf ln ljafq#{nk kf gi` kf` gjn z kf xf wncjf {i

DFKFQJGIGVCF@[[FQQFQ

.YqJC. .pLn tjkn kjnqjn kf v` Cnfw{qi

XIl" G R LFNK AFN[FQ

GI@ dqfgvf`gjn wf engf` xqfbv {nw qfln{jtnw n ln tjkn kjnqjnkf vì kf liw Cnfw{qiw kf Wnajkvqjn, nffqfn kf gici fc#xlfn fl {jfcxi f` fl xlnì djwjgi= z ~vjn fw{i fw v` avf`wj {icn, wj flli wjb jdjgn ~vf liw cjfcaqiw xjf wn` nl cfìw f``vfw{qiw Cnfw{qiw z {qn{n kf gicxqf`kfq wv lnaiq Zi fqfi ~vfì xf`wnciw anw{n {f f` fw{iw Bqn`kfw Wfqfw, ~vf f` ln nf{vnOj#knk Flliw ì ifvxn` f` lnw tjknw kf liw cjfcaqiw v` lvbnq {n`xqicj f {f gici fl ~vf ifvxnan` f` lnw `vfw{qnw enff fvnqf {nnìw Wj ìwi{qiw efciw nlgn`nki nlbv fuj{i f` `vfw{qiw fw{v#kjiw, wj efciw {f jki fl j fdnalf xqjtjlfbji kf llfbnq nlbi cnw gfq#fn kf liw Xjfw kf fw{iw bqn`kfw J`w{qvf{iqfw Nkfx{iw, fw xqfgjwn#cf {f xiq~vf Flliw en wjki wjfcxqf xnqn ìwi{qiw qfnl jknkfw tj#tjf {fw, z `vfw{qnw qflngji fw gi Flliw en wjki fl xqj gjxnl dng{iqf` `vfw{qnw tjknw, Nwj ìw wvgfkjn f` {jfcxi tjfoi= nwj ìw wvffkf{ikntjn eiz= pxiq ~vf ì igvqqf >8 cjwci n {ikiw f`fw{iw {jfcxifcnw kfajlfw z cfìw tjqjlfw9Kfaf` `vfw{qiw efqcnìw {qn{nq kf ficxqf`kfq ~vf f`{qf

N~vflJiw n ~vjf`fw ìwi{qiw gi` {n {n dngjOjknk lJncnciw liwCnfw{qiw, enz Gqn`kfw Wfqfw, ì w4>8 f` kjtfqwiw `jtflfw kf kf#wnqqilli, wj i {ncajf` kfcvz tnqjnknw lj fnw kfnf{jtjknk @i ìwfw xiwjalf n ìwi{qiw gicxqf kfq cvfenw kf fw{nw lj fnw kf {qnan#oi f` ~vf FlJiw wf ifvxn , zn ~vf nlbv iw fw{n` q`vgei cnw nllnkf `vfw{qiw ng{vnlfw xikfqfw kf giq`xqf`wji`= xfqi nl cf iw xfkf#ciw fi`gfajq ln jkfn bf fqnl kf ~vf gici wi` liw wfqtjkiqfw zidjgjnlfw kf ln xikfqiwn Ofqnq~vjn ~vf cn {jf`f fl biajfq i fwxj#qj{vnl kfl cv`ki, enz cvfeiw kfxnq{ncf {iw f` ln lnaiq ~vf flliw{jf`f` ~vf engfq, z ~vf f` fw{f Wfqtjgji kf Biajfqì, fl cnw bqn #kf kf {ikiw, xvfkf enafq igvxngji xnqn {ikn glnwf kf eicaqfw zcvofqfw, f` gvnl~vjfq fw{nki kfkfwnqqilli ~vf wf f`gvf {qf , kfw#kf liw ~vf {jf`f` gnxngjknk xnqn wfq ]fdfw kf kfxnq{ncf {iw, 8ajf` fcxlfnkiw nkfln {nkiw, enw{n liw oitf fw fwgqjajf {fw 8 njj`liw cfqj{iqjiw= z xvfkf wfq ~vf f` fw{iw `jtflfw j dfqjiqfw, nlbvìw kf ìwi{qiw ~vf wiciw wvw kjwgjxvliw, xiknciw {f fq ixiq{v#jknkfw kf f {qnq f` fw{f wvxqfci Wfqtjgji Gjtjl


3/25

7>1 FL LI[I ALN@GI ]ovljiGvnqjki xf`w nciw f` fw{n Giqxiqngj4` Biafq`n`{f, fw `n{vqnl~vf lnw bqn`kfw djbvqnw kjqfg{iqnw ngvkn` n `vfw{qnw p`f`{fw= xf#qi ì kfafciw iltjknq ~vf liw wvaiqkj`nkiw wi` {ncajf` `fgfwn#qjiw xnqn >n fdjgjf`gjn kfl {qnanoi F` liw xqjcfqiw {jf`?xiw kf`vfw{qn Wigjfknk, ijnciw enalnq cnw ~vf neiqn kf fw{iw oitf`fwidjgjnlfw Nl xqj`gjxji, Ccf Aln tn{wmz ì enalnan {n`{i kf liw

Cnfw{qiw gici kf liw Efqq`nìw0, z xiq fw{f {fqqcì ~vf`n fuxqfwnq ì w4li liw bqn`kfw Ofdfw kf ln Ofqnq~vjn, pjì wvw wfq tjki#qfw, liw fcx>fnkiw, gici wj kjofqnqìw, kf liw kjtfqwiw kfxnq{n#cf`{iw, n ~vjf`fw flln cjqnan cnw gici Jbvn>fp, z liw {qn{npncnw ajf` gici nzvkn`{fw z ncjbiw ~vf gici iaof{iw kf funbfj n#kn qftfqf`gjn Xnqn wv Cnfw{qi flln {f`jn wjfcxqf >n cnziq kftp"gji` z lf iafkfgjn j`cfkjn{ncf`{f, xfqi enajn gncnqnknw kf ` q #tflfw wvanl{fqìw ~vf n tfgfw lf nzvknan` f` ln xqikvggj4` kf liwdf`4cfìw ~vf ovbnqi` {n` bqn` xnxfl f` liw xqj9>fqiw {jfcx9w kf>nWigjfknk , Enajn v` bqntf fbjxgji llncnki [vj{j{ Afz= enajn vòitf kjwgjxvli n ~vj f flln J lncnan Af oncj , fl kfwefqfknki,v` wfq nlfqf z n tfgfw ncjbi kf aqiq`fnqa Zi gqfi ~vf Ccf Alntn{wmz fcx>fnan wvw {fqq`jìw gi` cf#ìw xqfgjwji` kf ln ~vf ìwi{qiw efciw nxqf`kjki n {f`fq= ìwi{qiw neiq n qfw{qj`bjciw fl tignalf Nkfx{i0 n n~vflliw ~vf en`xnwnki ln ~vj`{n bqn` j`jgjngj4` # ln kf Nwfmen # ~vf wfdjnlp fldj`nl kf >nftilvgj4` xvqncf`{f evcn`n= kf efgei xvfkf kfgjqwf~vf flftn nl Nqen{ xiq f`gjq`n kf >n evcn`jkYnk, z ~vf lf enYgfkf#dj`j{jtncf`{f v` wvxfqeicaqf Xfqi zi ef ijki n Ccf Alntn{w#mz enalnq kf nkfx{iw ~vf enajn` wjki j`jgjnkiw z nkfx{iw ~vf ì> 8 enajn` wjki#fcxlfn`ki ftjkf`{fcf`{f Jn xn>naqn w4>8 f` flwf`{jki kf vì ajf` jcxvfw{i f` gjf`gjn igv>{n#kf jbvnl ciki~vf wf xvkjfqn enalnq kf v` eicaqf gici nkfx{i0 ]f` f> nq{f kfxfj`nq. @vfw{qiw Cnfw{qiw, gvn`?li ìwi{qiw {vtjciw fl eiìq kf xi#`fqìw xiq tf xqjcfqn f` gi`{ng{i gi` Flliw, fqn` zn Nkfx{iwf` fl cnw nl{i wf`{jki kf >n xnlnaqn#Nkfx{iw Nwfmen- z xiq >8{n`{i, fw{nan` f` fl `j t fl ki`kf wf lfw xfqcj{jn {icnq kjwgjxvliw,wj >8kfwfnan` N ln xf~vfdjn xqixiqgj4` kf Nkfx{iw ~vf {v tjfqi`{nl kfwfi fw n liw ~vf tfqknkfqncf`{f giqqfwxi`kf fl ìcaqf kfCnfw{qiw= z `n{vqnlcf`{f, gi` Flliw fw gi` ~vjf`fw efciw {p`jki gi`{ng{i cnw j`{jci Nlbi cnw {nqkf#f` fl ndji >:8p, pnl nwfq fung{iw#gnwj {ikiw liw Cnfw{qiw n liw ~vf giìgjnciw j`{jcn#cf`{f, n>gn`nqi` fl qn`bf kf Geien`, z nwvcjfqi` ln qfwxi`wn#ajljknk kfl biajfqì kf wvw qfwxfg{jtiw Qnziw Fl ~vf nlgn`n fwf`jtfl bf`fqnl cf`{f ì gi`{j`vn {qnanon`ki gi` kjwgjxvliw kfl xln#ì d{wjgi wf`gjllncf`{f xiq~ vf ì {jf`f {jfcxi kf n{f`kfqliw= xf#qi `vfw{qiw Cnfw{qiw, f` wv bqn` nciq z gicxnwj4 , gi wj {jfqi`

>:78S 7>7N TJKN KJNQJN KF V@ CNFW[QIf` wfbvjq qflngji`n`kiwf gi` n~vflliw n ~vjf`fw enajn` fkvgnki,z nwj >8e n efgei enw{n fl xqfwf`{f@i kfafciw wvxi`fq, wj` fcanqbi, ~vf nv` liw Nkfx{iw ~vf{icn` kjwgjxvliw fcxlfn cvgei {jfcxi gi flliw Fl gqfgjcjf {ikfl kjwgjxvli kfxf`kf cvgei cnw kfl djqcf f j`gfwn`{f fdfg{i kflnw tjaqngji`fw kfl Cnfw{qi wiaqf wvw tfejgvliw, ~vf kf gvnl~vjfqdqnbq`f`{i kf j`w{qvggji` kjqfg{n ~vf fl Cnfw{qi xvfkn ignwji`nlcf {f i{iqbnqlf Kfaf, xiq gi w jbvj f {f, qfgiqknqwf, ~vf liw nkfx#{iw, ~vf {n` ai`knkiwiw wi` nl {icnqìw gici wvw nxqf`kjgfw, en#gf` fwi, ì f` lvbnq kf wv iqkj`nqjn lnaiq kjnqjn, wjì gici nkj#gji` n ln cjwcn Flliw wf igvxn` kf ln evcn`jknk f` cnwn cnwajf` ~vf kf j`kjtjkviw, z kf liw fbiw cnw ajf` ~vf kf lnw xfqwi#`nljknkfwXikfciw jcnbj nciwliw gici {qn{n`ki kf j`dlvjq f` ln ixj`ji`xvaljgn, lftn`{n`ki ìalfw wf`{jcjf`{iw kf wjcxn{jn, xjfknk 8 xn#{qji{jwci Wjfcxqf fw{n` tjbjln`ki, gnkn gvnl f` wv xqi xjn lj`fn,xnqn nxqitfgenq gvnl~vjfq ixiq{v`jknk dntiqnalf z Jiq{nlfgfq flajf` 8 ncjìqnq fl cnl Fl Nkfx{i aqjlln wiaqf v` gjfq{i bqvxi kfbf`{f#v`n `ngji` ~vjn, 8 w4>8 v`n xnq{f kf flln, n >n cn`fqn~vf fl wil aqjlln wiaqf v` onqkj`#z liw giqni`fw kf liw eicaqfwwf`wj{jtiw kfln `ngji` wf tvfltf` engjn nqqjan, gici lnw dliqfwengjn fl wil, z wf naqf` n fw{n j`dlvf`gjn wj` wnafq kf ki`kf tjf#`f, xfqi wj { jf ki ~vf fw avf`n z f` ialfgfkiqnGi` dqfgvf`gjn, gvn`ki xiq ln ìgef engfciw ln iqkj`nqjn tj#wj{n n `vfw{qi Cnfw{qi, lf f`gi`{qnciw kfkjgnki n fw{n lnaiq, wf`#{nki, z nl xnqfgfq f` cfkj{ngji`, n tfgfw f` fwn bqn` wjlln ~vfenz f` wv gvnq{i z ~vf {n` ajf` giìgf` {ikiw wvw kjwgj xvliw, ntfgfw f` ln bnlfqdn kf wv gnwn, i{qnw f` fl onqkj`, gfqgn kfl xvf`{fqvw{jgi z Jn xf~vf`n gnwgnkn F` cnw qnqnw ignwji`fw, Jf f`gi`#{qnciw qikfnki kf nlbvìw kjwgj xvliw kfl xlnì djwjgi, bf`fqnl#cf {f kf oitf fw ci ofw kfl gfqgn i ci nw{fqji kf [nwej#Lv xi,Fw xiwjalf ~vf enz n djonki liw kjnw f` ~vf qfgjaf n fw{iw oitf`fwkjwgjxvliw, xfqi f` fw{f xv`{i ì {f`bi j`diqcngji` fung{n Enz{ncajf` ignwji`fw f` lnw ~vf tjwj{n fwn v`jtfqwjknk, n tfgfw xnqnenalnq gi` fl [fwev Lncn, z i{qnw, nl xnqfgfq, xnqn knq v`n fw#xfgjf kf gi`dfqf gjn 8 j`w{qvggji` Wj tfciw kfwkf lvfbi ~vf fw{nigvxnki, ìw qf{jqnciw kjwgqf{ncf`{f kvqn`{f nlbv` {jfcxi z gi#cf`nciw `vfw{qi {qnanoi iqkj`nqji, xvfw {iki kjwgjxvli {jf`f v`qfgiqqjki djoi, v`n wfqjf kf xngjf`{fw n ~vjf`fw tjwj{n gi` dqfgvf`#gjn, gici engf liw cfkjgiw[nqàjf` lf ef f`gi`{qnki {ign`ki f` wv cnqntjlliwi 4qbnì,ì xnqn binqwf f` wv ndjgji` n ln cvwjgn, gici xikqjnciw engfqìwi{qiw, wjì xnqn v{jljnqln gici v` cfkji cnw kf kjdv`kjqln j`dlvf`gjn Xikfciw kfgjq ~vf ln tjkn f`{fqn kf v` Cnfw{qi fw#


4/25

7> ; FL LI[I ALN@GI ]Ovlji{n kfkjgnkn n fw{n kjdvwji` kf ln j dlvf`gjn kjtj n f` fl cv`ki=xvfkf tnlfqwf kf gjf cfkjiw, kf gjf gn nlfw xnqn engfqli, xfqifl iaof{i vl{jci fw wjfcxqf fl cjwci= tjtf xnqn wfqtjq n ln evcn#`jknk= z ìwi{qiw, ~vf wiciw wvw kjwgjxvliw, kfafciw xqfxnqnq iwxnqn wfq f` tfqknk j w{qvcf`{iw nx{iw f` wvw cnìw xnqn ~vf ìwfcxlff f` fw{f v`jgi bqn` xqix wj{i, f` gjfq{i wf {jki cn~vj nw~vf neiqqf` {qnanoi, z xiq cfkji kf lnw gvnlfw fw{n fìqq`f iaqnxvfkn fofgv{nqwf gi` cnziq dngjljknk, xiq gvzi cfkji, f` v`{jfcxi z gi` v` bnw{i kf dvfqn knkiw, wf xvfkn engfq cnw kf >8~vf xvkjfqn engfqwf kf i{qi ciki Fcxfqi, fl kjwgjxvli kfaf qf#giqknq ~vf, nv ~vf v` Cnfw{qi xvfkn v{jljnqlf nwj, gicv` gn nlkf dvfqn kjtj`n, gi` dqfgvf`gjn wj` ~vf fl {f bn n~vj f` fl xlnìdjwjgi gi igjcjf {i kf{nllnki kf >8 ~vf wf fw{n engjf`ki xiq wvcfkji, >8 ~vf wf fwxfqn kf fl ì fw ln cfqn xnwj tjknk, wj i ln gii#xfqngj4` j {fljbf {f z ng{jtn f` fw{f {qnanoi kfl cv`ki Fl >>8 fwwjcxlfcf {f v` kjwgjxvli nl ~vf wf f wfdjn` gjfq{iw efgeiw, fw, gi#ci zn ef kjgei, v` nxqf`kjf, ~vf fw{n nxqf`kjf ki n giixfqnqgi` fl Cnfw{qi, xnqn ~vf f` fl dv{vqi fl xvfkn kfwfcxf`nq xiq wvxqixjn gvf`{n fl {qnanoi ~vf neiqn fofgv{n fwf Cnfw{qiQngf {jfcxi ~vf wf ìw kjoi ~vf * engf cfkji wjbli Kfafgicxqf`kfq ~vf fw{i wf qfdjfqf nl xlnì djwjgi {n {i g9ci n liw pj#tflfw wvxfqjiqfw, z fujbf, xiq >8cfìw, ln iawfqtn`gjn kf liw GJ`#gi xqfgfx{iw knkiw xiq fl Wfdjiq Avkn, j glvzf ki ln qf`v`gjn nlnw gnq fw, nl nlgieil z nl {nangiFwn {nqfn ~vf {ikiw liw kjwgjxvliw kfaf fcxqf kfq, ì fw dn#gjl? fl cfqf wf`{jcf`{nljwci ì liw wngnqn kf fw{f mn.jzvbn kf,

%>* Vxnwjmn ~vjfqf kfgjq kjwgjxvli ~vf v{jljn v` gvfqxi dfcf j i= nxfln{j#ti gi` ~vf liw Cnfw{qiw wvflf` kfwjb nq n E X A

."

?. # ! !

Jq"j

>:78S LN TJKN KJNQJN KF V@CNFW[QI 7> 6kvkn, djiofknk z dqngnwi= flliw {jf f` ~vf kfwnqqillnq v` dvfq{fwf {jki gicv`, nwj gici ln djofn z fl nv{iwngqjdjgji Qftfqf gjnn n~vflliw ~vf wfn` kjb iw kf qftfqf`gjn, bqn{j{vk n n~vflliw ~vfliw enzn nzvknki, j ~vfaqn {nalf lfnl{nk n wvw cnw nl{iw jkfnlfw,{i{nl wvxqfwji kf xf`wncjf {iw z xnlnaqnw ì gnqj{n{jtiw nciqkfgjkjki n liw efqcnìw z n {ikiw= fwnw wi` nlbv`nw kf lnw gvnljkn#kfw ~vf kfaf` xiwffq `vfw{qiw tfqknkfqiw kjwg{xvliw wj en` kf. "qfnljnq v` xqibqfwi fdfg{jtipfblnw gici fw{nw ì wf jcxi`f` nqaj{qnqjncf {f= wi` ln fu#

xqfwji z ln gi wfgvf gjn `fgfwnqjn kf gjfq{nw lfzfw kf ln `n{vqn#lfn, z lnw lfzfw `n{vqnlfw ì xvfkf` gncajnqwf xnqn novw{nqlnw n`vfw{qn gi tf jf gjn 8 xnqn gicfqgjnq gi `vfw{qnw kfajljknkfwWj v` eicaqf wf kfgjkf n wfbvjq fw{f Wf`kfqi, {jf`f ~vf nknx{nqwfn wvw gi kjgji fw, fung{ncf {f jbvnl ~vf fl ~vf wf kfgjkf n f {qf#`nqwf xnqn v`n gnqqfqn, {jf`f ~vf wicf{fqwf n lnw qfw{qjggji fw`fgfwnqjnw xnqn fl gicxlf{i kfwnqqilli kf ln qfwxjqngji z kf liwcvwgvliw, Gici kfgdn Wn` Xnali? Li engf` xnqn qfgjajq v`n gi#qi n giqqvx{jalf= cnw `868{q86 j giqqvx{jalf= 8 cnw ajf , >8 en#gfciw, ì xnqn gi`wfbvjq bn n gjn nlbv n, f` nawilv{i, wj i xnqnia{f fq fl cnw bliqjiwi kf {ikiw liw xqjtjlfbjiw ? flkf gi`tfq{jqwff` gilnaiqnkiqfw kf Kjiw, fl cnw nl{i eiìq ~vf xvfkf gnafq nlkfw{j i kfl eicaqf

G R L

Lnw xnlnaqnw kf `vfw{qi Wfìq fl Geien` ì wf xvaljgn` gi`dqfgvf`gjn, xfqi > en xfqcj{jki ncnalfcf {f ~vf wf enbn gi`fw{nw, @vfw{qn fxign xnqfgf gnqng{fqjnqwf xiq v`n dnl{n kf qftf#qf`gjn XIl" lnw giwnw kjb nw kf qftfqf gjnqwf, Gvn ki n ìwi{qiw,~vf neiqn wiciw kf cnw fknk, wf ìw xfqq`j{ji f` `vfw{qn f`gnq#`ngji` xi fq iw v n tf cnw f` gi {ng{i gi wgjf {f gi `vfw{qiwCnfw{qiw, wf`{jciw v`n nlfbqjn z v`n qftfqf gjn kfcnwjnki xqi#dv`knw xnqn fuxqfwnqlnw gi` xnlnaqnw Ln ovtf {vk kf ln fxignng{vnl xnqfgf ~vf fwxfqn qfgjajqli {iki gici wj dvfqn wv kfqfgeicnw ajf ~vf gici qfwvl{nki kf v n af`ftiln z bf fqiwn gi`kfw#gp kf`gjn kf `vfw{qiw wvxfqjiqfw FJ kfwfi kfl xif{n kf ~vf xv#kjfqn gnafq f` ìwi{qiw v n cnziq qftfqf gjn n cfkjkn ~vf flgi igjcjf {i gqfgjfqn cnw z cnw, qnqn tf wf gicxqf kf

N A%Kf [ef Nkznq [efiwixejw{, dfaqfqi kf >:78*


5/25

NW[QI@ICjN IGVL[JW[N

N X Q I X I W J [ I K F L K F W G V A Q J C J F @ [ IK F V @ ! @ V F T I X L N @ F [ N !

Lkjn >; k f xnwnki cfw kf cnqi, fl cv`ki kfwxfq{i kf wvwvfdji gi{jkjnì, xfqi gi` v` bqn` ngi`{fgjcjf`{i ~vf qf#bjw{qnan` liw xfqj4kjgiw [f`jnciw, `nkn cfìw, ~vf v``vfti efqq`nì fw{f>nq f` `vfw{qi wjw{fcn x>n`f{nqji Cnw nllnkfl qfqì{jwjci @fx{vì, wf enajn f`gf`kjki, xnqn ln gjf`gjn, v``vfti lvcj`nq gvzi qnzi kf >vìw llfbnan qfgjf` kfwxvfw kf v`tjnof kf nlbvìw gf`{f`nqfw kf cjlfw kf nìw, Wfbv` ìw > 8 gicv#`jgnan ln Nwwigjn{fk Xqfww, f` fl iawfqtn{iqji kf Lirfll, f`Dln{w{ndd, fw{nki kf Nqji`n, wf enajn lignljnki fl ìtfì xln`f#{n kfl wjw{fcn wilnq Wv {ncnì wfqjn xqianalfcf`{f cnziq ~vfln [jfqqn z cfìq ~vf Vqnì Fl xqidfwiq Wenxlfz, kjqfg{iq kfliawfqtn{iqji kf Enqtnqk, gi`wjkfqnan fw{f kfwgvaqjcjf`{i gicifl cnw jcxiq{n`{f kf ln cikfq`n nw{qiìcjn, kfwkf fl enllnbikf @fx{vì f` >5;4@n{vqnlcf`{f ~vf wfcfon`{f kfwgvaqjcjf`{i0 {f`jn ~vf xqi#tignq ln nlbnnqn kf liw xfqjikjgiw ìq{fncfqjgnìw, fwxfgjnl#cf`{f, xiq fl iqbvlli kf `ngji`nljknk {n` kfwnqqillnki f` liw wi#aqjìw kfl tjfoi Wnc Nwj, efciw lfjki f` Fl Gicfqgji0 kfl ovf#zfw wn {i n>bv nw {qn wgqjxgji fw kf liw fkj{iqjnlfw xfqjikjw{ jgiwkf @iq{fncfqjgn, gf>faqn`ki fl cnbì wvgfwi Z gjfq{ncf`{f ìfqn xnqn cfìw Fl xqidfwiq Lirfll, f` >:>;, enajn lignljnki flcjw{fqjiwi xln`f{n xiq gnlgvliw cn{fq`n{jgiw Z kfwxvfw kf 16ndjiw kf ndnìwn avw~vfkn xiq {ikiw liw qj`gi`fw kfl fwxngji, nldj` v` cvgengei ndjgji`nki n ln di{ibqndjn fw{flnq, Jf kji fl nq#xni wvxqfci wj` ~vf xvkjfqn fwgnxnq Nljj fw{nan nxqjwji`nki f`ln xlngn wf`wjalf, ciw{qn`ki wv kfaj{ xf~vfjjff f` ln j`cf`wvqnalflfon`jn kfl j dj j{iGvn`ki, gici n {ikiw liw ~vf lff` liw xfqj4kjgiw, ìw llfbi nìwi{qiw ln dnvw{n `vftn, `vfw{qn nlfbqjn {vti v` iqjbf` kjw{j`{i~vf xnqn ln bf`fqnljknk kf liw >fg{iqfw Xiq v`n qni` cvz wp`"gjlln Xiq~vf gnkn kfwgvaqjcjf`{g0 gjf`{jdjgi ì wjb`jdjgn wjì

>:78O NW[QI@ICjN IGVL[JW[N 7> 2v n gicxqiangj4` cnw kfl igvl{jwci {fiwidjgi, 8 wfn, kf ln gj f gjnfuxfqjcf`{nl ~vf ìw xqfwf`{n ln [fiwidjn Xfqi, gjf`gjn fuxf#qjcf`{nl ~vf ì wf tnlf kf {flfwgixjiw `j kf `j`bv` j`w{qvcf`{icfgn`jgi `j wj~vjfqn kf liw gnlgvliw gfqfaqnlfw kf liw wnajiw ci#kfqìw, wjì kf lnw kfwnqqillnknw dngvl{nkfw evcn`nw kf xfqgfx#gji` gi`{f`jknw f` {ikiw liw eicaqfw Cnw, tfnciw liw kigvcf`#{iw ~vf wi` cnw jcxiq{n`{fw xnqn `vfw{qi gnwi, ~vf ln fuxiwjgj4`kf kig{qj nw ~vf xvkjfqn` xnqfgfq d n {nw{ jgnw,

@fx{vì z ln Gjf`gjn Igvl{nNv`~vf kfwkf fl xv`{i kf tjw{n kf ln gjf`gjn cikfq` n @fx{vìwfn v` x>n`f{n z xfq{f`fgjf`{f n `vfw{qi wjw{fcn, fl igvl{jwcindjqcn, xqj`gjxnlcf`{f, ~vf fl cjw{fqjiwi xv`{i lvcjìwi ì xfq#{f`fgf nl wjw{fcn wilnq Kjgf, f` fdfg{i, E X Alntn{wmz ?pG4ci wnaf` liw nw{q4ìciw ~vf @fx{vì fw v` xln`f{n, z `j{n` wj~vjfqn ~vf xfq{f`fgf n `vfw{qi wjw{fcn9 F`gi`{qn`kili f`liw gi`dj`fw kfl llncnki `vfw{qi cv`ki xln`f{nqji, f`wn`genqi`liw nw{qiìqìw nqaj{qnqjncf`{f wvw ljcj{fw xnqn qfgjajqli f` fl=

xfqi p~vf xqvfanw cn{fcn{jgnw jqqfdv{nalfw { jf f` liw nw{q4ìciwxnqn ndjqcnq ~vf wfn v` xln`f{n, z vì kf `vfw{qiw xln`f{nw9 @j #bv`n Fw{n n {n` lfon`jwjcn kjw{n`gjn kf ìwi{qiw, ~vf fl kjncf#{qi nxnqf`{f kfl Wil fw kfwkf @fx{vì >);: k fl ~vf wf tf kfwkf ln[jfqqn Gi` fl {flfwgixji wf Jf kjw{j`bvf gici v` xv`{i {n` kfajlf j`kfgjwi, ~vf xnqfgf xvqn ìtfln nw{qi`4cjgn fl gilignqli f`{qfliw xln`f{nw kf `vfw{qi wjw{fcn Ln lv z fl gnliq ~vf @fx{vìqfgjaf fw kf >):88 k f liw qfgjajkiw xiq ln [jfqqn [n`{i wvw citj#cjf`{iw gici fl kf wvw wn{flj{fw en` wvwgj{nki wjfq`xqf cvgenwkvknw Wv wjw{fcn qf{q4bnki ì nqqì`jn, nxnqf`{fcf`{f nl cf#ìw, gi` fl kf liw i{qiw xln`f{nw Xfqi fw{n vl{jcn nìqcnljknkw4>8 kji ci{jti xnqn ~vf liw nw{qiìciw j`tf`{nwf` `vftnw ejxi#{fwjw z wvxvwjfqn` ln xiwjajljknk kf v` {qn`w{iqì kf @fx{vì zwv gei~vf gi` i{qi gvfqxi gflfw{f pFw ~vf fl wjcvl{n`fi kfwgv#aqjcjf`{i kf Nkncw z Lftfqqjfq dvf {n` ajf` qfgjajki xiq~vfgi`w{j{vjn v`n bliqjn kf lnw xqftjwji`fw nw{qiìq`jgnw, kf ln gfq{f#n kf liw cikfq` iw kn{iw gjf`{jdjgiw, z wiaqf {iki kf ln fung{j{vkz fl xikfq kfl n`nljwjw cn{fq`n{jgi9 Wf kjqjn fwi V` `vfti xln`f#{n ~vf kjln{n f` cnw kf gvn{qigjf {iw cjlli`fw kf lfbvnw liw ki#cj`jiw kf `vfw{qi wjw{fcn xln`f{nqji, ajf` cfqfgf ln n`fuj4` Xf#qi, gici fl gnwi kf lnw n`fuji`fw {fqqf`nw, lnw nv{iqjknkfw gjf`#{jdjgnw w4>8 xvfkf` xqianq fl kfqfgei xiq~vf kjwxi`f` kf lndvfqn, Wf iawfqtf ljbfqncf`{f fl citjcjf`{i kf @fx{vì, zfuglncnqi` liw nw{qiìqìw ? jfvqfmnl fw v` xln`f{n Wj` fcanqbi,


6/25

7> 5 ]ovljiL LI[I ALN@GIcvz xIGIxqvfan f> cfqf citjcjf`{i Eiz fw{n kfl {iki gicxqi#anki f` Nw{qiìcjn, ~vf f` >n @n{vqn>fn ì enz fw{qfllnw nawi#>v{ncf`{f djonw, nv`~vf nwj wf lnw wjbn llncn`ki f` Of`bvnof nw#{qiìcjgi, wj ajf` zn ì fujw{f` f` ln jcnbj`ngji` gjf`{jdjgn F`{iki gnwi, FL IGVL[JWCI [JF@F V@N FU[QN@N Z XFGV#LJNQ [FIQJN QFWXFG[I N @FX[V@I

F` >8 qfdfqf`{f n lnw fw{qfllnw djonw, >n cjwcn nv{iqn en xvfw{inl xjf kf >8 {qn`wgqj{i ln ì{n wjbvjf`{f ?

Wj, gici xf`wnan Efqwgefl, lnw llncnknw fw{qfllnw djonw kfaf`wv iqjbf` n gicavw{ji` `favlnq, en` kf {f`fq citjcjf`{i xnqfgj#ki nl kf `vfw{qi Wil, ~vf wf gqfz4 j`qìtjl z ~vf bjqn wiaqf wv foff` tfj`{jgj`gi kjnw Gici wj` fcanqbi >n fw{qflln djon cnw xqiuj#q`n nl Wil kjw{n kf fl igei cjl tfgfw cnw ~vf @fx{vì, lnw jlvwji#`fw xqikvgjknw xiq fl {flfwgixji en` kf wfq {ncajf` igei cjl tf#gfw cnziqfw Kfonqfciw, xiq >8 {n`{i, ln gvfw{ji` f` wvwxf`wi, zqfxf{jqfciw >8 ~ vf f` wv iaqn Ln {jfqqn z fl eicaqf kjgf Cnvqz?Fw f`{fqncf`{f jcxiwjalf ndjqcnq `nkn kf gjfq{i f` >8 qf>n{jti nln gi`w{j{vgji` kf @fx{vì, xvfw 64>8 xiq n`nlibjn xikfciw n{qj#avjq>f v` citjcjf`{i kf qi{ngj4` xnqfgjki n> kf i{qiw xln`f{nw%Kf Cjqtjllf, JT, >;8*.

Ln wfìqn A>ntn{wmz gi`{j`vn?Kjgf fl igvl{jwci, ~vf wj fljcj`nqnciw kf ln cikfq`n gjf`gjnnw{qi`4cjgn tnqjnw ejxi{fwjw ~vf lf wjqtf` kf xv`{nlfw, dv`knknwf` wjcxlfw giòf{vqnw %~vf v`jgncf`{f en` wjkf ngfx{nknw xiqenafqlnw fuxvfw{i eicaqfw fcj`f`{fw*, NV@ LN CJWCN LFZKF LN BQNTJ[NGJI@ ^VF WF GQFF V@JTFQWNL QFWVL#[ NQJN GI@ dQNQJN N LNW CNw FLFCF@[ NLFW TFQKN#KFW CFGN@JGNW G *.

Gi` qfwxfg{i n fw{f vl{jci xv` {i kf ln gflfaqf dv`knkiqn kf lnWigjfknk [fiwidjgn, ìw anw{n gj{nq n Fj`w{fj` xnqn knqlf ln qn4`Xfqi, wiaqf f> { fcn kf >n bqntj{ngj4` v`jtfqwnl, tiltfqfciw f`v`n xqiujcn ixiq{ v jknk@i vì wj i kiw xjn`f{nw cnw nlln kf @fx{vì

F` tnqjnw ignwji`fw n`{fqjiqfw ef {f`jki ixiq{v`jknk kf qfdf#qjqcf n lnw f`wfdjn`nw {fiwidjgnw knknw xiq liw Cnen{cnw 8 Cnfw#{qiw kf Wnajkvqjn nl cv`ki kf Iggjkf`{f Z {nqàjf` ef gi gqf{n#

%>* Ln Kig{qj n Wfgqf{n, JJ fk fwx, til T, xnbw 784#782 Fw{n iaqn dv`#kncf`{nl kf ln [fiwidjn cikfcn z ~vf en wjki llnq`nkn FJ Ljaqi kf {fu{i kflIgvl{jwci, nwj gici {ncajf fLn Ajaljn kf lnw Ajaljnw# , ln ficf 4 n fwgqjajqln wfìqn Alntn{wmz f` Rvqavqb n d j fw kf >556,enajf kiln {fqcj`nki f` Iw#{f kf f` fl tfqnì kf >552

#>:78 * NW[QI@ICjN IGVL[JW[N 7> :ki plgnwi kp liw wfìqfw Wj``f{{ z Avq`f, liw kiw j`b>fwfw ~vfqfgjajfqi` kjgenw f`wf`n`nw f` ln J`kjn f` liw nìw >55>z xiw{f#qjiqfw z ~vf wf enlln` gi`{f`jknw f` liw ljaqiw kfl wfìq Wj``f{xqj`gjxnjcf`{f f` FJ Avkkejwci Fwi{fqjgi Xvfw, ajf`= fl wfì=Wj``f{ xqi`v`gji f` Li`kqfw, fl 7 kf cnqi kf >5:4 v`n g i df#qf`gjn f` ln Li`ki` Likbf {j{vlnkn? gvnl xfq {f#`fgfqìw z kf ln gvnl {qn`wgqjajciw liw wjbvjf`{fw xnqqndiw qfdf#qf`{fw n> dnciwi xln f{ n { qn`w`fx{ v jn i n{w{ndd Kjgf fl wfìq Wj``f{?

gFpxfn`ki xiq f> xln`f{n @fx{vì, ~vf fw fl ~vf wf enllncnw lfoiw kf ìwi{qiw f` f> fwxngji, tfciw ~vf fw{ n f` gi`fuji`gi` v` fw~vfcn kf v` gnqng{fq cvz kjdfqf`{f kfl ~vf xvfkf nwjb#`nqwf n ln cnziq xnq{f kf liw i{qiw F` fw{n wfqjf kf cv`kiw flxqigfwi ftilvgji`nqji ì fw{n kfw{j`nki n xqikvgjq qfwvl{nkiwxqixiqgji`nlfw n liw ~vf wf xqixi`f f` i{qiw fw~vfcnw Ln tjkngi` ln ~pf @fx{vì fw{n f` gi`fuji` ì fw{n nknx{nkn xnqn nl#gn`nq `jtflfw cvz flftnkiw= xfqi f` gncaji, fw{f cnqntjlliwiiqbn jwci giwcjgi, FWFWXFGJNLCF@[F@[FQFWN@[FXIQV@NQN_I@NW[QI@ICJGNF` fdfg{i, QFLNGJI@NKIWGI@LN FTILVGJI@KF @FX#[V@I,FUJW[F@ I[QIWKIWXLN@F[NWXFQ[F@FGOF@[FWDdwJGNCF@[F N@VFW[QIWJW[FCN,N LIWGVNLFWLNW J@TFW[JBNGJI@FWXIQFL [FLFW#GIXJI@IEN@ GI@WFBVJKINV@KFWGVAQJQ V@I KF FLLIW XVFKFNLDJ@ WFQ KFWGVAJFQ[IXIQ CFKJIWIQKJ@NQJIW"= F@ GVN@[INL CNwNXNQ[NKI,WF ENLLNCVZLFOIWKFL NLGN@GFKF LIW J@W[QVCF@[IWDdwjGIW, XVFW @IWILIWF ENLLNN V@NKJW[N@GJN^VF GNVWN TFQ[J#BIWN LN JCNBJ@NGJGl@,J@I^VFLN LV_^VF @IW F@TJN, QFDLFONKNKpL WIL,FW WVCNCF@[FKFAJLTjw{i f>Wil kfwkf @fx{vì, nxnqfgf#qjn pici v` cfqf xv`{i f` fl gjfli gicxnqnki gi` fl fwx>f`kiqi#wi klWGI ~vf tfciw= xfqi liw kiw lfonìw xln`f{nw wf enlln` n {nlfwkjw{n`gjnw kfl gf`{qi kfl wjw{fcn, ~vf xnqn iawfqtnqliw wf `fgf#wj{n qfgvqqjq n >8 ~vf f` Nw{qiìcjn wf llncn Jn lfz kf Aikf %> * .

%>* Lfz 8 ffqjf kf Aikf. Wf llncn nwd n v`n xqibqfwj4` ~vf qfwvl{n kfwkf fli z 7 kvxljgn`ki wvgfwjtncf {f, nl f`nl wf Jf wvcn ; Fw{f {i{nl qfxqfwf`{n lnkjw{n`gjn nxqiujq`nkn kf liw xln f{nw nl Wil Wj wf gi wjkfqn ~vf ln kjw{n`gjn kfpjfqqn nl Wil flljbvnl n >8, wf xvfkf diqcnq ln wjbvjf {f {naln gi` ln gvnl fw xi#AJalfgicxnqnq liw tnliqfw kf n~vfllnw klw{n ijnw, wfbv` ln lfz kf Aikf, z {nlfwGici lnw gnlgvlnknw xiq liw nw{q4 iciw ?

.,

!Lfz kf Aikf= G4>gvli nw{q, =Cfqgvqji 8-;3 ; 7,:Tf`vw 7-;3 2 2,1[jfqqn 4 - ; 3p >8 >8Cnq{f >1 - ; 3 >4 >4,1Fqiw %nw{fqijkfn*, 1;-; 3 15 >6#;7


7/25

71 8 q OvljiL LI[I ALN@GIKf fw{ n wvfq{f, wj` enafq {ikntjn kfwgvajfq{i n `j`bvì kf fllpw,wnafciw ~vf fl qnkji kf ln iqaj{n f` ln ~vf wf cvfvf fl ckw lgon#ì, fw nlbn cnziq kf >8888 cjlli fw kf cjllnw %Qfgvpqkfwf ~vfln kjw{n`gjn kf @fx{vì fw nxqiujcnkncf`{f kf 1288 q`jlli`fw* Nfw{n kjw{n`gjn ln lv kfl Wil nxf`nw wfqjn tjwjalf Z xnqn fl gnliq~vf fl lfo n i xln f{n `fgfwj{f, fw{i kfaf kfxf kfq xq j gjxnlcf {fkf j`dlvf`gjnw ngfqgn kf lnw gvnlfw ln gjf`gjn {{wjgn {fqqfw{qf xigin `nkn wnaf nl xqfwf`{f. Nv` gvn`ki fw cvz xigi >8 ~vf xikfciwfwxfqnq gicxqf`kfq ngfqgn kfl fw~vfcn kf @fx{vì, xikfciw pj`fcanqbi diqcvlnq `vfw{qn ixj`ji` wiaqf fw{f nwv`{i, z nkq`j{jqnkfcnw ~vf kjgei fw~vfcn giqqj f {f GI@[JF@F [QFW XLN@F[NW Dd#WJGIW f` wv xqfwf`{f f{nxn kf ftilvgji`Gi`{jqcn`ki fw{n ndjqq`ngji` kfl wfìq Wj``f{{ kf ~vf, nkfcnwkf @fx{vì, fujw{f` i{qiw kiw xln`f{nw ddwjgiw, z ~vf ln tjkn kf@fx{vì ì kfxf` kf kfl Wil, ln wfìqn Alntn{wmz kjgf?FJ tfqknkfqi igvl{jw{n iqjf`{nl wiw{jf`f ~vf nl xnwi ^VF FUJW#[F@ [IKNTjN CVGQIW XLN@F[NW WJ@ KFWGVAQJQ F@ @VFW[QI WJW[FCN,@fx{vì ì xfq{f`fgf nl cjwci ì iaw{n`{f wv nxnqf`{f gi`fuji`gi` `vfw{qi Wil z ln j`dlvf`gjn kf fw{f vl{jci wiaqf fl, Fw{n gi f#uji` fw cnzntjgn, jcnbj nqjn, kjgf` % > * .

Zf` i{qn xnq{f, {ikntjn wf qfdjfqf n ln fujw{f`gjn kf i{qiw xln#`f{nw? 88>:1 - ; 3 >:475; - ;355

Gnlgvli nwjq. ?61:6,;>:>,5788,6

Gici wf tf xiq ln {naln, f` fl gnwv kf @fx{vì, ln lfz ì gi`gvfqkn gi` liwgnlgvliw nw{qiìcjgiw Xiq >8~vf liw gjf {jdjgiw cikfq iw en `fbnki fl tnliqkf ln lfz kf Aikf Xfqi, gnaf xqfbv {nq? !,en enllnki liw nw{qiìciw VJJ cfpiki j`dnljalf xnqn cfkjq ln tfligjknk kf ln lv, anwjgi kn{i xnqn gnlgvlnq lnw kjw#{n gjnw kf liw xln f{nw9 @i, kfgjciw qfwvfl{fcf {f Xvfw wjajf en wjkf xiwjalfcfkjq ln tfligjknk kf ln lv nl n{qntfwnq `vfw{qn n{ciwdfqn, ì wvgfkf >8cjwcigvn`ki fl qnzi lvcj iwi n{qntjfwn fl f{fq ~vf enz f`{qf fl Wil z `vfw{qn n{ciw#dfqn = ,Wnaf ln gjf gjn cikfq`w nlbi kf ln `n{vqnlfn kfl f{fq z fl bqnki kf qfwjw#{f`gjn ~vf xvfkn xqfw { nq nl xnwi kf ln lv9 F` {iki gnwi, nktjfq{nwf ~vf flIgvl{jwci kjgf ~vf @fx{v f ì xfq{f fgf n `vfw{qi wjw{fcn wilnq

Ln wfqjf kf Aikf Jvf kfwgvajfq{n xiq [j{ji, xqidfwiq kf Rj {f afqb f` >244=cnw dvf Ovn` Flfq{ Aikf, cn{fcn{jii z nw{qiìci nlfcn , `ngjki f` Encavq#bi z cvfq{i f` Afqlj` %>2;2#>514*, ~vjf` ln kjdv`kji xiq fl cv ki gjf {jdjgi

%>* Ln Kig{qj`f Wfgqf{n, til J, xnb 1>7

> :78 * NW[QI@ICjN IGVL [JW[ N 71 >{fcn wilnq xfq{f`fgf` n fl, cfìw @fx{vì [NCAJF@ FUJW[F@ NL#BV@IW I[QIW, gi` wvw lv`nw, ^VF NWJCJWCI XFQ[F@FGF@ N FL % > * .Cnw, ef n~vj lnw xqixjnw xnlnaqnw kf v` Cnfw{qi Fllnw gi`djq#cn` xlf`ncf`{f lnw ndjqcngji`fw kfl wfìq Wj``f{{ z kf ln wfìqnAlntn{wmz f` Ln Kig{q j n Wfgqf{n, ~vjf`fw qfgibjfqi` wvw f`wf#djn`nw kfl cjwci z i{qiw Cnfw{qiw Fl wfìq Wj``f{ xqfbv`{4 nlCnfw{qi f` ln diqcn ~vf ef qfln{nki f` i{qiw nq{jgvliw ? #%Wf xi#kqjn` kfwgvaqjq i{qiw xln f{nw nkfcnw kf liw ~vf giìgf` liw nw#{qiìciw %ì enali kf liw nw{fqijkfw* xiq cfkji kf j`w{qvcf`{iwddwjgiw ngfq{nkncf {f fcxlfnkiw9#Fl Cnfw{qi gi {fw{i xiq fwgqj#{vqn xqfgjxj{nkn > 8 wjbvj f {f ?

Kfwkf lvfbi ~vf wd. @i wf en kfwgvajfq{i {ikntjn `j`bv` xln#`f{n cnw gfqgnì nl Wil ~vf Cfqgvqji `j `j`bvì cnw nlln kf @fx#{vì, nv`~vf wf wiwxfgen tfefcf`{fcf`{f wv fujw{f`gjn @iw#I[QIW WNAFCIW ^VF FUJW[F@ Z F@ KI@KF FUJW[F@= z wnafciw ~vfenz j``vcfqnalfw xln`f{nw fu{j`bvjkiw wfbv` kjgf` liw nw{qi#ìciw, z ìwi{qiw kfgjciw ~vf fw{n` f` iawgvqngji`, nwj gicii{qiw f` diqcngji`, ì lvcjìwiw {ikntjn, f{gf{fqn Xfqi fl kfgjq~vf ìwi{qiw wnafqìw, kf xigi wjqtf xnqn ln gjf`gjn gvn`ki liwfwxjqj{jw{nw ì nkcj{f` `vfw{qi giìgjcjf`{i Fl {nujcf{qi kf Fkj#wi`, xvfw{i f` cnujcn wf`wjajljknk, z gi`fg{nki gi` v` xi{f`{f{flfwgixji xikqn wfq cvz jj{jl gvn`ki wf xfqdfggji`f, xvfw ì wilixfqq`j{jqn cfkjq fl gnliq kf lnw cnw lfon`nw fw{qfllnw tjwjalfw, wjì{nqàjf` xfqgjajq xiq wvw j`tjwjalfw qnkjngji`fw fw{qfllnw kf i{qiciki jcxfqgfx{jalfw Li cjwci gnaf kfgjq kf liw xln`f{nw Fl j`#tf`{iq %1*, cjfcaqi kf ln Wigjfknk [fiwidjgn z cvz xqi{fbjkixiq @ %7*, ixj`n ~vf wj fl {nujcf{qi qftfln v` nvcf`{i kf {fcxf#qn{vqn f` v` fwxngji kfwjfq{i kfl gjfli, fw{i fw, ~vf nxnqfgn kf#wjfq{i n`{f fl cnw xi{f`{f {flfwgixji, wfqn xqvfan kf ~vf fl nxn#qn{n fw{n f` lj`fn gi` v` nw{qi ì Jvcjìwi 8 nllf`kf fl nlgn`gfkf ln {flfwgixjgn tjwji` Kjgf fl j`tf`{iq ~vf fl {nuj cf{qi fw wf`#wjalf n v`n cvgei cnziq xqixiqgji` kf i`kvlngji`fw f{fqfnw kflnw ~vf fl ioi evcnì xvfkf xfqgjajq Ln gjf`gjn ijqk wi jkiw kfnlbvìw xln`f{nw n`{fw kf vfqliw. Fw{i fw v`n xqidfgjn %;*.

?>">

.f%>* Jkfc, til TJ, xnb 1:>%1* Fkjwi` dvf ìcaqnki cjfcaqi ei iqnqji kf ln Wigjfknk [fiwidjin, z f`

liw nqgejtfw kf Nkznq wf gi wfq tn v`n gnq{n wvzn, f` ln ~vf nkcj{f wv kjxlicnkf cjfcaqi, xqicf{jf`ki gilignqli f` wv gnon kf ei iq, ki`kf bvnqk n wvwcnw tnljiwiw kjxlicnw %@i{n kf G O*

%7* FJ Cnfw{qi Ciqjn, giq xn fqi kfl Cnfw{qi Mvk#Evcj, ncaiw {n gi#ìgjkiw f` ln Wigjfknk "J"fiwidjgn, ln gvnl dvf dv knkn xiq flliw, tnljf kiwf kfE X Alntn{wmz z fl Giqi`fl E W Ilgi{{

%;* Xqjcj{jtnw f w f n n kf liw Cnfw{qiw %>55>#>557* Fkj{nknw xiq G Oj`n#qnonknwn Fkjg fwx >:16, xnbw 184185

,j


8/25

71 1 FL LI[I ALN@GI ]OvljiEf n~vj, xvfw, ~vf lnw f`wf n nw {fiw4djgnw fw{ n g i djqcnknwv`n tf cnw xiq ln gjf`gjn cikfq`n [nl fw {ncajf` fl gnwi kfTvlgn i , kfwgvajfq{i xiq gnlgvliw cn{fcn{jgiw, >8cjwci ~vf giqfdfqf`gjn n ln ^vjcjgn Igvl{n, ln gvnl {ncajf` gi`djqc n` xnv#ln{j`ncf`{f liw wnajiw cikfqìw Li gjfq{i fw ~vf, cjf`{qnw

ln gjf`gjn cikfq` n ì ngfx{f liw xiw{vlnkiw {fiw4djgiw, j`g>vwi lnCf{ndjwjgn iqjf`{nl, z lnw gicxqiangji`fw dfìq`f`jgnw kf lnCf{nxwj~vjgn, lnw gvnlfw ìw xqfwf`{n` eicaqfw {n` fcj`f`{fwgici Dlnccnqli`, Licaqiwwi, Gqiimfw, Qjgef{ , Likbf z Bflfz,xnqn ì ìcaqnq wjì n liw gi`wnbqnkiw gici eicaqfw kf gjf`#gjn, {f`kqn ~VF?n`knq n {jf`{nw, f` xfqf``f kfqqigef kf ln wvaw#{n`gjn cf`{nl, f` fw{f cv`ki kf {j`jfalnw~vf fuxfqjcf`{n` `vfw#{qiw xiaqjwjciw wf {jkiw

A GEFGN KQI VF[Ljcn, >: kf naqjl kf >:78

L N N G [ J [ V K C F @ W N O FQ F @ [ F N LLi v`jgi ~vf jcxiq{n f` ln tjkn fw gncajnq, gncajnq qnkj#gnlcf`{f, kf cn`fqn ~vf n {qntfw kf tvfw{qnw fuxfqjf`gjnwkfwgvaqnjw xiq tiwi{qiw cjwciw >8 ~vf fw tfqknk @iì ngfx{fjw `nkn, kjbn`li ~vjf`fw >8kjbn`#{n`{i wj wi` liw wnajiwi lnw Jj{fqn{vqnw kfl xnwnki 8 kfl xqfwf`{f J`knbnk xiq tiwi{qiwcjwciw, gi` glnqjknk kf xf`wncjf`{i z kf qn4`, gvnl fw fl tfq#knkfqi wf`{jki kf ln tjkn, gvnl fw fl wjb`jdjgnki kf {iki xf~vfìj`gjkf`{f kf gnkn kjn[iki >8 ~vf ì fw fwf`gjnl f` ln qfljbji` en kf kfwnxnqfgfqxiq~vf {f fjw ln wvdjgjf`{f Jiq{nlfn f` tiwi{qiw cjwciw xnqnqfwjw{jq ln xqfwj 4 kf lnw gjqgv w {n g jnw fu{fq nw@i wfnlw j`kjdfqf`{fw xiq~vf ln j kjdfqf gjn iw llftnqn n cnziqndljggji`, n cnziqfw gnlncjknkfw Wfk ng{jtiw f` >8 ~vf gqfnjwovw{i z {qnanonk f` flli gi` xlfì f`{vwjnwci, gi` gi`tjggji`,wj` {qn`wjbf`gjn Fw{f fw fl gncjì kf llfbnq n wfq bqn`kfw f`fwxjqj{vnljknk 8 f` fl cv`ki ? {f`fq bqn`kfw ncajgji`fw z fw{nqkjwxvfw{iw gi` tvfw{qi f`{vwjnwci, gi` tvfw{qn gicxqf`wj4` nwngqjd jgnq {ikn fwn ncajgji`Ln gi`diqcjknk cn{n ln j`jgjn{jtn [f`fjw ~vf nxqf`kfq nxf`wnq j`kfxf`kjf`{fcf`{f z n wiw{f`fqiw wiliw, nv`~vf fl cv`kiovbvf ~vf fw{njw f~vjtignkiw Wj iw gi`diqcnjw, tvfw{qn j`jgjn#{jtn xfqfgfqn,

!>:78O LN NG[J[VK DQF@[F NL CF@WNOF 71 7

pJ kfwpi fw{n avwgn`ki gi w{n {fcf {f wnljkn, lvgen ki gi {qnln ecl{ngl 4 FJ kfwfi w4>8 xvfkf wn{jwdngfqwf gi ln fuxfqj f gjnw4>8 xvfkf engfqwf tnw{i, j`cf`wi, Jjcj{nki j`cf`wvqnaJf xi=ln fuxfqjf`gjn !Xfqi wj iw gi`diqq`njw gi` nlbvjf` 8 gi` nObv`n {qnkjgj4` kfxf`wncjf`{i 8 kf fqìgji`, {nl gi`diqq`jknk f` lvbnq kf nkfl n {nqtvfw{qi kfwnqqilli j`kjtjkvnl nw fqài{nqn fl f`{f`kjcjf`{i XIl"

{n {i, xnqn gqfgfq enafjw kf {f`fq fuxfqjf`gjn Fwn fw ln v jgnlfz#wp enz v`n Jfz#xfqi Jn tjkn ì {jf`f `j`bv`n lfz, `j`bv`ndjliwidln Epafjw kf {f`fq ln gnxngjknk kf kvknq, xiq fwn kvkn kfwgv#aqjqfjw >8 ~vf fw tfqknk, >8 ~vf fw fwf`gjnl z >8 ~vf fw kvqnkfqi,Xpqi kvknq kf {iki qf~vjfqf diq{nlfn kf j`{fljbf`gjn, kf xf`wn#9>>f`{i, xiq~vf kfwkf Jn cn`n`n enw{n ln ìgef enafjw kf fw{nqlllgfwn {fcf {f xqfbv {n ki, xjkjf`ki, j`w{n`kiFJ eicaqf fw nawilv{n, gicxJf{n z f`{fqncf`{f Jjaqf Gvn`kigi`wlpfqf fwi, kfonqn kf {f`fq cjfki kf >8cjw{fqjiwi 8 kf >8kfw!giìgjki Fw{nqn {iki fl {jfcxi ntjki kf fuxfqjcf`{nq kf qfgi#. . ,bfq xnqn WJ fw{n `~vfn kf tjkn ~vf fw gvcxJjcjf`{i kf ln tfqknkGi`djnjw f` nlbvjf` xnqn ~vf iw nzvkf, xnqn ~vf iw bvjf Xfqikfwpp fl cfcf`{i f` ~vf ì gi`djnjw f` `nkjf, f` fl cicf`{i f`wppnlw ~vf wijw nawilv{ncf`{f ljaqfw, iw kfwnqqivnqfjw wj` fl nv#

UJlJI kf i{qi F {i fw wfqfjw gici v` nqail f` v n bqn{n gicnqgndvfq?{f, bipn`ki kf lnw aqjwnw kf ln lvgen, jqbv{f`kiiw qfg{iwepgln liw gjfliw p@i tfjw ~vf kfwkf fl cfcf`{i f` ~vf {f`fjwq`jfki {ikn ln gi`dvwj4` kf ln tjkn gqfff f` {iqì tvfw{qi {iknwlnw ficxljgngji`fw kf Jn qfljbj4` wf ngvcvln` z fw{n gi`dvwji`f?pgf gnkn tf cnw z cnw9 F` fl cicf`{i f` ~vf iw ljafqnjw j`tj#{njw n ln fuxfqjf`fjn xiq~vf w4>8 xiq ln fuxfqjf`gjn xikfjw gqfgfq@i xikfjw kjtjkjq Jp tjkn f` fwxjqj{v z cn{fqjn Fw fl {iki, z xnqnficx?f`kfqli kfafjw fqfgfq n {qntfw kf >8 iaof{jti gi` ln gic!xqf`wji` kf >8 wvaof{jti

Ln fuxfqjf`gjn fw fl v`jgi cf{iki xiq fl fvnl xvfkf fl eicaqfgqfffq Z ì enz i{qi wvfli ~vf kf diq{nlfn n lnw qnjgfw cnw ~vfln fuxfqjf`gjnpGvnlfw, piq {n`{i, fl iaof{i kf ln fuxfqjf gjn9 Wj v` xqix4wj{iln fuxfqjf`g{n wf engf gni{jgn Gvn`ki ì wnaflw n ki`kf tnjwtngjpnjw, j`~pjqjw, kvknjw, {fq`fjw Xfqi f` fl cicf`{i f` ~vf{f`fjw ln gfq{jkvcaqf iw engfjw xiwj{jti, iw ndjqcnjw f` tvfw{qikfwgvaqjcjf`{i z f`{i`ffw j`tj{njw n {ikn fuxfqjf`gjn xnqn ~vfenbn kf tiwi{qiw v`n cnqntjlliwn ciqnkn ~vf {f`kqn wvw gjcjf`#{iw f` ln j`ciq{nljknk

.p

,,p

%Gi` fwxfg jn l nv{iq jniji` kf [ef W{nq Xvaljwej b [qvf{.* O. MQJWE@NCVQ[J


9/25

?F` ln Djfw{n kfl Ln{n A ln`gi

[ qnanoi lfjki xiq wv nv{iq

N gflfaqnq fw{n qfv`ji` kfkjgnkn n ln cfciqjn kf Aln#tn{wmz, ì xvfki xiq cfìw kf qfgiqknq ln diqcjknalfiaqn qfnljnkn xiq fw{n cvofq fu{qniqkj`nqjn= iaqn ~vfgicxqf`kf {n`{iw z {n` kjdfqf`{fw nwxfg{iw, qftflnkiqfw kf {n`funl{nknw dngvl{nkfw, ~vf ìw ialjbn` n wj{vnq n wv nv{iqn cvzxiq f`gjcn kf liw `jtflfw n ~vf wilfciw wj{vnq n liw wn`{iw z n liwbf`jiwFw cj j`{f`{i engfq v`n w xf~vfdjnw z qnxjknw iawfqtngji`fwqfwxfg{i n ln iaqn j`{flfg{vnl kf ln Cnfw{qn Glnqi fw{n, ~vf ìwfqn` efgenw gi` fwxjqj{v kf gqj{jgn, ~vf engfq {nl v` j`wjb`jdj#gn`{f fw{vkjn`{f kf [fiwid{n, wfqjn v` n{qftjcjf`{i j`gnljdjgnalff` fl ~vf ì ~vjwjfqn gnfq Li ~vf avwgi fw xi`fq f` ftjkf`gjn lncvl{j{vk kf {fcnw {qn{nkiw xiq Alntn{wmz f` wv iaqn gnxj{nl LnKig{qj`n Wfgqf{n gi` v`n xqidv`kjknk ì nlgn`nkn xiq liw cnwqfìcaqnkiw wnajiw ~vf wf en` fwxfgjnljnki f` v`n wiln qncnkfl dqi`kiwi nqail kf ln gjf`gjn z en` kfkjgnki n fw{n vl{jcn {iknwlnw ng{jtjknkfw kf wv tjknAlntn{wmz, gi` ln xikfqiwn j`{vjgji` ~vf xiwfjn, wvxi fljcj`nqkf wvw n`nljwjw {ikn ln eionqnwgn xfkn`{fwgn ~vf igvl{n cvgenwtfgfw lnw lfbj{jcnw gi`~vjw{nw kf ln gjf`gjn, xnqn avwgnq wvw cjw#cnw qnmfw z, giqàj`n`kilnw nl gnliq kf ln Wnajkvqjn Igvl{n, knqn lv ln wl`{fwjw djliwidjgn gjf`{jdjgn z wigjnl cnw bqn`kf ~vf en`tjw{i liw wjbliwV`n kf lnw xqjcfqnw giwnw kf ~vf vì wf kn gvf`{n nl fw{vkjnqn Alntn{wmz wi` wvw tnw{iw giìgjcjf`{iw f` lf`bvnw tjtnw zcvfq{nw Gvnl~vjfq fqvkj{f kf `vfw{qiw kjnw wf xnwn ln tjkn fw{v#kjn`kilnw z ì llfbn n kicj`nqlnw gici flln lnw kicjì, F` gvfw#{ji` kf jkjicnw giìgjn, nkfq`nw kfl qvwi xiq wv `ngjcjf`{i, fldqn`gfw z fl J{nljnì z kicj`nan n ln xfqdfggji` fl j`blfw, jkjic nf` fl ~vf fwgqjaji gnwj {iknw wvw iaqnw, Fl bqjfbi zfl ln{j` wi` {n`giìgjkiw xiq flln ~vf cvgenw tfgfw f` wvw iaqnw kjwgv{f fl wjb`j#djgnki kf lnw xnlnaqnw gi` qni`fw kjb`nw kfl cnw gi`wvcnki djli#libi= kfl n`{jbvi efaqfi, ì {n` w4>8 fl vwi ìqcnl kf lnw xnln#

? ) " p #\ . . O .

*\., .

> :78 S F@ LN DJFW[N KFL LI[I ALN@GI 71 6a,qnw? w j i {ncajfp XIJ" wvw fw{vkjiw gnanOjw{jgiw liw xqidv`kiwwjb` jdjgnkiw `vcfqjgiw z wjca4ljgiw kf lnw lf{qnw t kf wvw gica j#`ngji`fw [ikn ln Kig{qj`n Wfgqf{n fw{ n wnlxjgnkn kf j {fqxqf{n#gji fw gnanldw{jgnw kf liw {fu{iw efaqfiw

Nkfq`nw, z gici ~vjf`ì kjgf `nkn, kfglnqn f` fl Xqifcji kfwV,iaqn gnxj{nl ~vf wf j`{fqgnln` fu{qng{iw kf lnw {qnkvggji`fwgej`n, {jaf{n`n z pn`wgqj{n kf liw gicf`{nqjiw z bliwnw iqjbj` nlfwwf`nq wiaqf fl Ljaqi kf Kzn`, wjf`ki fw{ n ln xqjcfqn tf ~vfwf tjfq{f` n v` lf`bvnof fvqixfi

Z f` dj9, wfbv` wf kfkvgf kf ln lfg{vqn kfl Xqfdngji kf Ln Tikfl WJpf`glI, fl cjwci wf`nq, ln lf`bvn wngfqki{nl, ì Jf fqn kfwgiìgjkn, zn ~vf wvw qfblnw fw{n` {qnkvgjknw kfl dnciwi Ljaqi kfliw Xqfgfx{iw kf Iqi ~vf, fwgqj{i f` gnqng{fqfw jkfibqn`giw, wfenlln bf`fqnlcf`{f f` liw nqgejtfw kf liw {fcxliw {jaf{nìwTil tnciw n Ln Kig{qj`n Wfgqf{nNlbvìw ncjbiw cjiw ~vf en` eiofnki fw{n iaqn cf en` gi`dfwnki ~vf ln lfg{vqn kf wvw xqjcfqiw gnxj{vliw lfw enajn gnvwnkiv` fdfg{i kfwgi`gfq{n`{f, Tfqknkfqncf`{f ì fw xnqn cfìw F`ln Xqjcfqn fw{n`gjn, ~vf gicxqf`kf liw gicf`{nqjiw n lnw `vftfxqjcfqnw fwlimnw kfl Ljaqi kf Kzn`, wf kfwgqjaf fl fw{nki kfl[iki Vì kvqn`{f fl Xqnlnzn, n`{fw kfl xqjcfq citjcjf`{i kf lnCn`jdfw{ngj4` Gici kjgf cvz ajf` Alntn{wmz anw{n xf`wnq v`

picfp{i xnqn gicxqf`kfq ~vf {nl fw{nki w4>8 xvfkf fuxqfwnqwfwpca4egncp`{f= xvpw fw jcxiwjalf kfwgqjajqli Zf` fw{n fu xqf#wp4` wlca4egn fcxjfn n tfq{jqwf n qnvknlfw ln jcxi`f`{f fqvkj#gji` kf Jp pnfw{qn, Lnw jkfnw naw{qng{nw kfl {jfcxi, fl fwxngjiz fl citjqqvf`{i wi` fuxvfw{nw n ln lv kf ln wv{jljwjcn djliwidjniqjf`{nl gi`kf`wnkn f` cj{iw z nlfbiqjnw, ~vf engf` `fgfwnqji flfcxlfi kf {f`pjìw pn`wgqj{iw z {jaf{n` iw, fwgilliw j`wvxfqnalfwxnqn fl lfp{pq Jcxnglp`{f, Nkfq`nw, fw{iw wjcailiw fw{n` gicxn#qnkiw p` qnxjkn wvgfwji` Gi` liw wjw{fcnw djliwidjgiw avkjw{nw ztfkn`{jìw f` wvw fwgvflnw fwi{fqjgnw z fui{fqjgnw gi` lnw f`wf#djYn`nwgqjw{jn`nw z lnw kig{qj`nw gnanljw{jgnw ovkjpw, gi` lnw {fi`nw kf N`nunbiqnw z Xln{4` z lnw gi`glvwji`fw cf{ndjwjgnw kfDjge{f z kf Efbfl @i fw fu{qndji ~vf fllfg{iq gvqjiwn kf cfkjn`n.nw{n kf cnw ~vf cfkjn`n gvl{vqn, n`{f fl g{jcvli kf cj{iw,Jkfnw, gi gfx{iw, wjw{fcnw z xnlnaqnw kfwgi igjkiw XIl" fl, gvn ki cfìw f` wv cnziqjn, ~vfkf kfwgi`gfq{nki z wf xqfbv`{f gi`nwicaqi xqidv`ki? g?Kfki`kf enaqn wngnki fw{n cvofq {n` tnw{iw giìgjcjf {iw9

I{qn giwn ì{nalf f` On iaqn kf Alntn{wmz fw ln cvl{j{vk kfxqidfgjnw ~vf en tfq{jki f` wvw fwgqj{iw, xqidfgjnw, cvgenw kffljnw, ~vf fl `n{vqnl xqibqfwi kf ln gjf`gjn xqidn`n en giq`xqian#ki, nv`~vf wv tfqknkfqi cfqj{i ì enz n wjki qfgiìgjki F` fl {f#

Jp


10/25

71 4 FL LI[I ALN@GI ]ovljiqqfì gjf {jdjgi WVW xqidfgjnw wi` gi`g>vzf`{fw Tfnciw nlbv`nw ?Wf kjgf f` >n xnb 116 kfl {ici > . F` >551f l Xqfwjkf`{f kf lnWigjfknk [fiwidjgn, fl Giqi`fl Ilgi{{, Jvf gqj{jgnki xiq nwfbvqnq~vf ln flfg{qjgjknk fw cn{fqjn [nl fw, wj` fcanqbi, ln f`wfdjn`nkf ln Kig{qj`n Igvl{n Ln Dvfqn, ln F`fqb{n#, xvfkf` wfqìcaqfw cnw nxqix4wj{i xnqn flln cjf`{qnw ln gjf`gjn fvqixfnwfxn {n` xigi qfwxfg{i n wv `n{vqn>fn tfqknkfqn= wj` fcanqbi,fw cn{fqjn, kfl cjwci ciki ~vf >8 fw fl F{fq, xvfw{i ~vf fw n{f#cjgn, wj ajf` n tnqjiw bqnkiw kf kjw{n`gjn kf n~vfl, Xnqfgf qjkjgvlfl nqbvjq ~vf xiq~vf v`n giw n fw jcxi`kfqnalf xnqn ln gjf`gjn,ì xvfkn llncnqwf cn{fqjn Ln flfg{qjgjknk fw j`cn{fqjnl# f`fl wf`{jki kf ~vf wvw cilfgvlnw ì wf enl>n` wvof{nw n ln xfqgfx#gji` z nl fuxfqjcf`{i= wj` fcanqbi, xvfkf wfq, %z fl Igvl{jwcikjgf ~vf >8f w* n{4cjgn= z xiq >8 {n`{i fw cn{fqjn0Ef n~vj ~vf v`n ndjqcngj4` ~vf f` wv kjn tnlj4 ngfqanw gqj{jgnwnl giqi`fl Ilgi{{, fw{n ngfx{nkn kig{qj`nlcf`{f xiq {ikiw liw eic#aqfw kf gjf`gjn Eiz `nkjf kvkn kf ln gi`w{j{vgj4` n{icjgn kfln flfg{qjgjknk Wiaqf ln gi`w{j{vgj4` kf liw n{iqìw d jwjgiw xiq wjw#{fcnw xln`f{nqjiw f` cj`jn{vqn, kfwgn`wn {ikn ln {fiqjn kf ln djwj#gn cn{fcn{jgn cikfq`n, z xqfgjwncf`{f liw xln`f{nw kf fw{iwwjw{fcnw n{4cjgiw qfgjaf` fl ìqàqf kf flfg{qi`fw, xiq gi`wjkf#qnqwflfw n{iqìw kf flfg{qjgjknk, n{iciw ~vf kfaf` wfq kf `n{vqn#lfn cn{fqjnl, gici xqfkfgjn Alntn{wmz, zn ~vf wjf`ki flliw anwfz wiw{f` kfl cv`ki djwjgi, wj lfw `fbnciw wv qfnljknk, ln `fbnciwf` gi`wfgvf`gjn n lnw giwnw djwjgnw z f` vl{jci {fqq`jì n ìwi{qiwcjwciw Xiq >8 { n {i, 8 wf ngfx{n j`{fbqncf`{f >8~vf ndjqcn Aln#tn{wmz, 8 wf `jfbn` f` wv {i{nljknk lnw {fiqjnw kf liw djwjgiw cnwfcj f {fw anwnknw f` fuxfqjcf {iw gi g>vzf {fwF` fl {ici JJ kf Ln Kig{qj`n Wfgqf{n xnb 666 kjgf wv nv{iqn ?Ln qftilvgji` xqikvgjkn f` >n n`{jbvn ^vjcjgn xIJ" Ntibnkqidvf ln xqjcfqn xnbj`n kf ln @vftn ^vjcjgn0 Gqiimfw en tvfl{ineiqn ln wfbv`kn xnb j`n z fw{ n j`kjgn`ki n{qftjkncf`{f ln ~vfxvfkf wfq ln vl{jcn Xiq~vf v`n tf fl xqi{jli#Ji ~vf eiz wf kf#ìcj`n xqi{4`#wfn qfgiìgjki z ngfx{nki, ln ^vjcjgn enaqngfwnki tjq{vnlcf`{f kf fujw{jq z qfnxnqfgfqn f` wv qff`gnq`ngj4`gici @fiNl~vjcjn# 8 Cf{n~vjcjgn Fl kfwgvaqjkiq kf ln cn#{fqjn qnkjn`{f enaqn tj`kjgnki gi` fl {jfcxi lnw iaqnw nqgnjgnwwiaqf Igvl{jwci z enw{ n liw Tfknw z liw Xvqn`nwXvfw ajf`, fw{n @fi#Nl~vjcjn, gici kjgf ln Cnfw{qn, eiz kjnfw v` efgei F` fl fw{vkji z iawfqtngj4` kf liw df`4cfìw kf lnqnkjing{jtjknk wf en gicxqianki fuxfqjcf`{nlcf`{f ln {qn`wcv#{ngji` kf vìw flfcf`{iw f` i{qiw Liw Gvqjf, Qv{fqdiqk, Wikkz,Afg~vfqfl z {n`{iw i{qiw wnajiw ~vf wf en` nxljgnki nl fw{vglji kffw{n qncn kf ln gjf`gjn, en` wjki liw tj`kjgnkiqfw j`gi`wgjf`{fw

>:78* 7 12@ LN DJFW[N KFL LI[I AJN@GIkfl Igvl{jwci Z gvn`ki ln gjf`gjn f` wv xqibqfwi j`gfwn`{f gi#ìgn n di`ki ln `n{vqnlfn kfl xqi{4`, z f` gi`wfgvf`gjn libqfln {qn`wcv{ngji` nq{jdjgjnl kf liw flfcf`{iw, giwn ~vf eiz w4>8 fwiawfqtnalf gici df`4cfì `n{vqnl ~vf ì {f`fciw cfkji kf ci#kjdjgnq, ln @fi#Nl~vjcjn gncajnqn qnkjgnlcf {f lnw gnqng{fqjw{jgnwkfl nwxfg{i cn{fqjnl kf ln gjtjljngji` cvgei cnw xqidv`knq`f`{fkf >8~vf >8ejgjfqi` f` wv kjn lnw nxljgngji`fw xqng{jgnw kfl tnxiqz kf ln flfg{qjgjknkI{qn ì{najljwjcn xqidfgjn kf ln Cnfw{qn djbvqn f` ln xnb 78 2kfl {ici T kjgjf k i iw ~vf wj fljcj`nqnqìw kf ln cikfq`ngjf`gjn nw{qi`4cjgn tnqjnw ejx4{fwjw ~vf lf wjqtf` kf xv`{nlfwdv`knknw f` wjcxlfw giòf{vqnw %~vf v`jgnq`f`{f en wjki ngfx{n#knw xiq enafqlnw fuxvfw{i eicaqfw fcj`f`{fw* nv` ln cjwcn lfzkf ln bqntj{ngji` ~vf wf gqff v`jtfqwnl qfwvl{nqjn gi`{qnqjn n lnwcnw flfcf {nlfw tfqknkfw cfgn jgnwFl n`4`jci {qnkvg{iq kf ln Kig{qj`n Wfgqf{n, ngvwn`ki v`nflftnkn gvl{vqn gjf`{jdjgn, ndjnkf v` gicf`{nqji f` diqcn kf ì{n~vf tnliqn z xn{f`{jn lnw j`{vjgji`fw kf Aln t n{wmz Kjgf f` fl ? {f`jf`ki f` gvf`{n ln Jfgen f` ~vf wf fwgqjaji fw{n iaqn, ìxvfkf vì cfìw kf nkcjqnq ln xqidf{jgn j`wxjqngj4` kf ln nv{iqn,xvfw xqfgjwncf`{f f` `vfw{qiw kjnw fl wnaji nlfcn` Nlafq{i Fj`w#{fj` fw{n qfnljn`ki >8 j`kjgn ki xiq Alntn{wmz Ln Bficf{qjn kfF g>jglfw, ln Djwjgn kf @fr{i , z nv` ln cjwcn lfz kf bqntj{ngj4`v`jtfqwnl fw{n` xvfw{nw f` f`{qfkjgei xiq ln ìtjwjcn {fiqjn kfln qfln{jtjknk, ~vf, ncj f`{f`kfq, fw v` bjbn`{fwgi xnwi kf nxqi#ujcngji` f`{qf ln Kig{qj`n Wfgqf{n z Jn gjf`gjn fuxfqjcf`{nlFw{nw ljbfqnw ì{nw wiaqf v`n iaqn {n` fu{qniqkj`nqjn, n xfwnqkf ~vf xikqjnciw ndjnkjq cvgejwjcnw i{qnw, wi` wvdjgjf`{fw xnqngicxqf`kfq ~vf wv nv{iqn fqn v` wfq fu{qniqkj`nqji n ~vjf` {i#kntjn ì wf Jf en` qfgiìgjki liw cfqj{iw ~vf xiwfjn Fw{n jòvw#{jgjn kfl cv`ki xqidn`f, {f`fciw fl glfafq kf qfxnqnqln ìwi{qiwliw {f4widiw, gi`{qjavzf`ki f` ln cfkjkn kf `vfw{qnw dvfqnw n~vf fw{n iaqn wfn fiìgjkn kf {iki fl cv`ki, n dj` kf ~vf, wj lnjòvw{jgjn gi`{j`vn, ì xvfkn ngengnqwf n jbìqn`gjn wjì n lncnln df kf liw ~vf wf fcxfdjn` f` `fbnq ln ftjkf`gjnKjtvlbn`ki ln Kig{qj`n Wfgqf{n, liw {f4widiw ìw gi`tfq{jqf#ciw f` nbf`{fw kjqfg{iw glf`vfw{qiw tf`fqnkiw Cnfw{qiw F` xqvf#an kf flli z gici dj`nl glf f w{nw ì{nw, qfxqikvgi v` dqnbq`f`{ikf v`n gnq{n kfl Cnfw{qi M E kjqjbjkn nl Giqi`fl Ilfi{ z n i{qikjwgjxvli qfdjqjf`kiwf n Alntn{wmz Fw{n gnq{n en wjki {qnkvgjknxiq K! Qiwnqji Bvfqqfqi z xvaljg nkn f` fl Li{i Ajn`gi kfl cfwkf cnzi kfl ndji xqiujci xnwnki Kjgf nwj ?


11/25

71p ]ovljiL LI[I ALN@GIxqfw{nki kjqfg{ncf {f n iaqnw gjf { jd jgnw 8 kf i{qn glnwf= wiciwìwi{qiw ~vjf`fw wf >8 efciw wvbfqjki, Gnkn dnl{n 8 j`fung{j{vk,giqqfbjkn 8 fuxljgnkn xiq flln, kf lnw iaqnw kf i{qiw {f4widiw, enwjki giqqfbjkn {iq `{j 8xiq iqkf cjn, Fw{n iaqn {jf`f cvgei cnwtnliq ~vf ln xqfgfkf`{f Fw v` gicxf`kji kf tfqknkfw igvl{nw~vf kvqn`{f lnqbiw nìw wfqn`, xnqn fl fw{vkjn`{f wfqji, v` cn#`n {jnl kf kn{iw z kf j w {qvggji

OIWF KF TjN

FL F@JBCN KF LN TJKN^VJWJFQN ie, Tjknl, ~vjn Kjiwn j { n bjalf, dvbn, ~vf nlvc#aqnw fl v`jtfqwi kf {j`jfalnw f` {v j`cf`wi kfwfi kf wfq=ngnwi Lfz j`cv{nalf z f{fq n, xqj gjxji gqfnkiq z kfw{qvg{iqkf lnw diqcnw, ~vf fcn n ki w j gfwnq kf {j cjwcn, qfbqfwnwnl wfì kfl ì wfq= ~vjf` wnaf wj Nnq tflfjkiwi ~vf wvq#bjf`ki kf ln @nkn, lJf`nw liw cv`kiw gi` fl kiliq z liw lncf`{iw kfgvn {i tjf f n ln fujw{f gjn ^vjwjfqn ie, Tjknl, Kjiwn, Lfz 8Nnq j`gicxqf`kjki, ntfqjbvnq {vcjw{fqji n`bvw{jn`{f, kfwgiqqfq fl tfli kfl fwxngji z kf liw {jfcxiw,ljaqnqcf kf ln qfk wv{jl kf lnw jlvwji`fw, kf cnzn z xikfq nanqgnq{f{i{nl cf {f f` Jn fwf g jn kf cj wfq ^vjwjfqn ie, Tjknl, {v ~vf bjcfw gi` fl bfcjq kf lnw dqi`knw ni{n#knw xiq liw tjf`{iw= {v ~vf cvbfw z qfgej`nw liw kjf`{fw gi` fl cvbjqkf lnw gnwgnknw f` liw ci`{fw= {v ~vf `ngfw z ~vf cvfqfw f` lnw ilnwf`gqfwxnknw kf {ikiw liw cnqfw= {v ~vf f`{i`nw {v cflixfn wvaljcfgi` lnw ì{nw ~vf ln`n` liw nw{qiw nl wvqgnq liw fwxngjiw= {v ~vf qf`n#gfw n gnkn j`w{n`{f kf >8giqqvx{i kf ln cn{fqjn z binw z wvdqfw gi` flbii z fl wvdqjq kf gvn`{i fujw{f, wjf`ki nl cjwci {jfcxi wv xlngfq zwvdqjcjf {i, ]ie, Tjknl, ~vjwjfqn qicxfq cjw .jcj{fw z wfqli {iki f` {j^vjwjfqn ]ie, {v, wfqxjf`{f jb`fnl, n gvziw citjcjf {iw i`kvln`{fwwf iqbn jn z kfwgicxi f ln cn{fqjn, ~vjwjfqn fwgnxnq n ln gnqgfl kf liw8 fu{fq i= ~vjwjfqn ngnllnq fl gvcvli kf wf wngji`fwfwxiqnkjgnw ~vf xiq flliw dlvzf` f` qvbjf {f ntf jkn, z nxnbnq l f {n#cf`{f lnw lvgfw f` fl {fcxlf kf cj nlcn, neibnq lnw xjqnw evcfn`{fwkf cj dn {nwjn, cn n {jnlfw kf jJvwj4`Z, ~vfkn fl giqn4 , ~vfkn ln cf {f, fqbvjki gi wgjf {fcf Y{f f`Cj, ~vjwjfqn ì ~vfqfq, ì kfwfnq, ì nèflnq zn cnw, z gici vl{jcikfwfi, nèfli 8 ~vfqfq, tfq gvcxljki, ]ie,Tjknl,{v vl{jci iaof{i f` cjF@Q J VF DVWNLAN

%Lfjki xiq wv nv{iq f`ln Djfw{n kfl Li{i Aln gi kf >:78*.

FL [JAF[ Z LN [FIWIDJN%>*%NXV@[FW KF V@ DJLIWIDI*

Xiq fl KQ Qiwi KF LV@NJ

Ijfnkn xqfljcj`nq

FL 9qjf`{f, z wiaqf {iki fl [jaf{, fw ln {jfqqn kfl cjw{f#% ì z kf liw wvgfwiw pnqiw#en kjgei Nlfon`kpn Kntjkp @ffl f` vì kf wvw eaqiw ~vf enaqfciw kf gj{nq gjf`tfgfw f` fl gvqwi kf fw{f fw{vkji# Xiq xigi ~vf wf wfxn cjqnq,fwgvgenq, iawfqtnq n{f {n z kf{f`jkncf`{f, wf kfwgvaqf f` fl v`cv`ki cnw nljn kfl ~vf fw{nciw enaj{vnkiw n gi`wjkfqnq gici flv`jgi qfnl, ngnwi xiq~vf ì wnafciw n`nljnq gi` cj`vgjiwjknkanw{n`{f liw df`4cfìw kfl ~vf fw{n {fojki z ì qfci`{nqìw anw#{n`{f lfoiw f` fl f`gnkf`ncjf`{i kf lnw gnvwnw ~vf liw kf{fqcj`n`@j`bv` avf` iqjf`{nl kvkn v` cicf`{i kf ln fujw{f`gjn kf wfqfwj`{fljbf`{fw, j`tjwjalfw xnqn ln bf`fqnljknk kf liw eicaqfw z ~vfwj` fcanqbi, tjtf` n `vfw{qi lnki cjwciFl giìgjcjf`{i kf fw{iw wfqfw z kfn~vflliw cjw{fqjiw fw lnaiq

dv`kncf`{nl kf ln Wigjfknk [fiwidjgn, nl {fìq kf >8 ~vf llnq nq%>* Anoi fw{f wvbfw{jti {j{vli, j nvbvqnciw eiz jn xvaljgngji` kf v` xqi#

dv ki f j {fqfwn {jwjci {qnanoi kfl Kq Qiwi kf Lv n, ngfqgn kf fW85kiw bqn #kfw cjw{fqjiw kf ln Evcn jknk ~vf wf llncn` ln [fiwidjn z fl [jaf{.@vfw{qi {n ~vfqjki gici nkcjqnki ncjbi ìw jqn kn`ki f` wfcfon {f

fw{vkji v`n ncxljn tjwji kf gi ov {i kfl j gicxqf kjki Xnjw kf lnw jftfww ,~vf {iki avf` {fiw4di wjfcxqf n eflnqn tjwj{nq? kf wv bfilibjn, bfibqndjn, ejw{i#qjn, giw{vcaqfw, qj{iw z wvxfqw{jgji fw, djliwidjn z giwcilibjn, gjf gjn z nq{f,cnbjnw z igvl{jwciw, gi` {ikn ln xi`kfqngji z bnln`vqn n ~vf {n ngiw{vc#aqnk iw ìw {jf`f fl wnaji nv{iq kf Flljaqi ~vf cn{n n ln cvfq{f 8 l jaqi kf lIAOj`nw, z kf {qfj {n iaqnw cnw n lnw ~vf j nv` liw xqixjiw {fiwidiw en` efgef>nkfajkn ovw{jgjn {ikntjn #@i{n kf ln Qfknggj 4 .


12/25

77 8 FLLI[I ALN@GI ]ovjlixikqjnciw wv Gnq{n Gi`w{j{vgji nl,#Gnq{n gi {qn ln ~vf {ncajfen enajki 4 kf wv iaqn Fl V jvfqwi J tjwjalf? Liw ftilvgji`jw{nw tvlbn#qfw xqf{f`kf` ~vf liw xvfaliw kf Iqjf`{f wf llftnqi` lf`{n z bqn#kvnlcf`{f n ln gjtjljngji` kfwkf v` fw{nki kf xqjciqkjnl wnltn#ojwci Xfqi liw ~vf nwd xjf`wn`, xqfwvxi`f` > 8 ~vf en` kfkfciw{qnq F` gncaji, liw ~vf wnaf` nkf`{qnqwf gici wf kfaf f`liw ci`vcf`{iw ~vf ìw ~vfkn`, fw{n` gi`tf`gjkiw kf ~vf lnejw{iqjn ~vf giìgfciw wf idqfgf f` wvw gicjfìw gici ln qfwvl#{n`{f kf v`n gvl{vqn n{ j~vjwjq n , z `nkn cnw kf`{qi kf lnwlfzfw `n{vqnlfw xnq ln Gjf`gjn fw{vkjnqlnw#ndjnkf Qndnfl Vqan#ì#p ~vf fl cjlnbqi z fl cjw{fqji, xvfw ~vf vì z i{qi ìw xqi#xiqgji`n` ln tfqknkfqn tjwji` kf ln qfnljknk ciw{qn`kiwf g4cikfaf` wfq, cjf`{qnw ~vf `vfw{qn xicxiwn gjf`gjn kf Iggjkf`{fì wf gicxi`f, f` ixj`ji` kfl nw{q4ìci z iqjf`{nljw{n Anjlltwjì kf dqnbcf`{iw z qflj~vjnw kf v` wjw{fcn kf gjf`gjn nwjn{jgncvgei cnw n`{jbvi f j`dj`j{ncf`{f cnw xfqdfg{i, wjw{fcn ngnwixqigfkf`{f kf ln N{l n {jkn cjwcn.

Fw{n fw, f` dj`, ln ~vf, f` lf`bvnof iggjkf`{nl xikqjnciw lln#cnq :78 S FL [JAF[ Z LN [FIWIDJN 77 >xnkqf kf Wfcjqncjw z xqjcfq qfz kf Nwjqjn %ejw wgz{ejw xfq cjllf~vj b f {iw n` iw tfg{jbnVw dvj{, Xf`kf`jj {qjavlj dj`fc @j`vw,qfu Nwwjqjiqvc jcxiwwvj{* . Fw{n qnn {qi`gnl ì fw i{qn ~vf lnejxfqaiqfn z fwgj{jgn kf Efqiki{i= ln xqf#nqjn`n z ckbjgn, kfXlj ji= ln xqi{i#wfcj{n, kf Wgi{{ Fllji{= ln kf liw qfw{iw ejxfqai#qfiw, lfcvqfw z n{ln`{fw, kf Aln tn{wmz? ln cfb n{j{jgn, kf liw n`#{qixilib iw cikfqìw= ln xqi{ikn`fwn, fwgnwkj`nvn 8 ìq{jgn kfRiqwnnl, Ftn`w, @jlwi` z Ci`{fljvw? ln kqvjkn, kf Afq{qn`k= lnvnwgn n xqfgnlkfn, kf Dfq`n`kf z Bi`nlf= ln {vqn jn iggjkf #{nl, kf Lfìqq`n`k= ln cfkj{fqqk`fn, kf Wfqbj= ln ljaji#jafqn, kfN`{4`, f{g, f{g, xvfw, gici en kjgei Av`wf`, gicf`{n`ki lnnkcjqnalf iaqn kf Lf iqq n {, Ln cnbjf gef lfw genlkff` w f{ lfwiqjbj fw nggnkjf``fw= {iki wf nv`n xnqn llftnqìw n gi`wjkfqnqn v`n cjwcn z wiln qnn kf ln evcn`jknk gici jcxln`{nkiqn f`v n n { jbvfknk xqikjbjiwncf {f qfci{n, ~vf vi xikqjnciw qfkv#gjq n bvnqjwci, kf lnw wvxfqw{jgji`fwo`nbjgnw ~vf lvfbi lfw Jvf#qi` gnqng{fqjw{jgnw f` ln gvf`gn kfl Fvdqn{fw z fl [jbqjw, dqnwfgiq`f`{nkw xiq Afq{qn`k gi` fw{nw xnOnaqnw? Ln ejx4{fwjw kfAv`wf` qfwvl{n eiz v` efgei nxiznki f` wiljkiw nqbvcf`{iw zgnk n kjn nlgn`n v`n kfciw{qngj4` cnw gicxlf{n FJ kjn ~vf flln~vfkf fw{nalfgjki f` kfdj`j{j tn, ln ejw{iqjn xqjcj{jtn kf ln evc n#`jknk enaqn knki v` xnwi bjbn`{fwgi Fw{f kjn ìw xnqfgf zncvz tfgjìLn gJn t f kf fw{f bqn` cjw{fqji, fw{n f` fl [jaf{ z f` fl Biaj,f` fwiw wj`bvlnqfw xnjwfw ~vf wi` fl {fonki kfl cv `ki, xiq ln flf#tngji` fugfxgji`nl kf wv fu{f`wjwjci wvfli= gi` qfbji`fw cnzi#qfw ~vf cvgeiw Fw{nkiw fvqixfiw, ki`kf wfbv` Bqf`nqk, `nknxnwn, wj`4 fl tjf`{i, z `nkn en xnwnki, cnw ~vf df`4cfìw bff#libjgiw#? ki`kf qjiw gici fl [nqjc wi` wiqajkiw xiq kfwjfq{iw~vf n`{fw dvfqi` xnjwfw dliqfgjf`{fw z cnw n`{fw, Cfkj{fqqn`fiwwnliaqfw gici fl `vfw{qi= ki`kf xvfkf` qfgiqqfqwf kvqn`{f cfwfwcjlfw kf mjlicf{qfw, wj` f`gi`{qnq v`n cnln tjtjf`kn, v` gncjì,v` nlcn evcn`n, v` xnonqi, v` qfw{i, f` dj`, kf wfqfw tjtiw=ki`kf wf efqcn`n`, bqngjnw n ln nl{j{vk, ln `jftf z ln nqf`n= flgjfì z fl xfkqfbnl= fl evqngn` z fl dvfbi kfl wil, ~vf kn kf kjn{fcxfqn{vqnw wf`fbnlfgnw z kf ìgef dqjiw xil n qfw cnw {fcjalfw~vf liw xnkfgjkiw xiq lnw fuxfkjgji`fw nq{jgnw? ki`kf enw{n flqfwxjqnq fujbf v` fwdvfqi f` xvfq{iw z bnqbn`{nw flftnkiw n {qfw,gvn{qi z gj`gi cjl cf{qiw wiaqf fl `jtfl kfl cnq, anoi gvcaqfwkf wfjw n igei cjl cf{qiw z ki`kf, wj` fcanqbi, wf f`gvf`{qn`xnwiw cnw nlln {iki gvn`{i ìw f`tn`fgf f` Iggjkf`{f f` xv`{n,n gjf`gjn, ejw{iqjn, nq{f, {qnkjgjiqj, lfzfw, djliwid{n, cnbjgn z igvl#{jwci, fgen`kiwf w4>8 kf cfìw ln kfgn`{nkn gjtjljngj4` cn{f#qjnl `vfw{qn, xiq~vf, gici xvfali tjfoi z bqn`kf ~vf en kjwdqv{n#


13/25

7 7 1 ] O v l j i{ { i { i ALN@G%*engf wjbliw kf {ikiw liw kjwgv{jalfw xlngfqfw kf n~vj nanoi, wilitjtf zn xnqn liw kjtjìw xqialfcnw kfl Fwxjqj{v #Fl n`ngiqf{jwci fw fw{jcnkjwjci f` fl [jaf{, kjgf ln wfìqnKn tjk#@ffl f` wv zn dnciwn iaqn Tiznbf k"v`f xnqjwjf``f nLenwn n xjfk f{ f` cfkjn`{ kf ln Gej`f n l"J`kf n {qntfqw lf[ejaf{. Liw cjw{jgiw {jaf{nìw wi` v` tfqknkfqi f`jbcn nv` kf`#{qi kf ln n{ciwdfqn kf cjw{fqji ~vf an`n {iki fl {fqqj{iqji FJxnjw kf lnw `jfvfw gfwnqn n gnwi ajf` xqi`{i n wfq v`n qfbji`gfqqnkn nl fu{qnòfqi, xfqi fw cnw ~vf kvkiwi ~vf liw wffqf{iwkf fw{iw fqfcj{nw wfn` oncnw qftflnkiw f` bqn` `vcfqi FJ xnjwf` wv giòv`{i, ì fw, nkfq`nw, wjì v`n tnw{n {figqngjn, anw{n`{fcfìw cnln ~vf ln ~vf kf Qicn wf en xqf{f`kjki tn`ncf`{fkfwkf engf tfj`{f wjbliw jcxi`fq nl cv`ki ? v`n {figqngjn {qnw ln~vf wf {qn`wxnqf`{n liw iqjbf`fw djliwidjgiw, cfoiq kjgei, {fiwidj#giw, kf {iknw lnw qfljbji`fw xiwj{jtnw, kfwkf fllncnjwci 8 qflj#bji` kf liw lenw, fwxjqj{vw evcnìw z fwxjqj{vw `n{vqnlfw, zfldf{jgejwci eiqqjalf cf`{f wn`bvj`nqji z `ffqicn`{f, enw{n lnwdiqcnw cnw `vftnw kfl avkkejwci z nv` kfl gqjw{jn`jwci#Fl ncaj{i kfl cjw{jgjwci {jaf{nì, n`nkf n~vflln j`{qfxjkntjnofqn, fw gici v` j`cf`wi gncxi kf an{nlln f` fl ~vf lvgen`lnw {f`kf`gjnw kf qnnw, ì wilncf`{f kf cf`{nljknkfw kjdfqf`{fwwjì enw{n gicxlf{ncf`{f n`{nbi`lgnw#, `j cnw `j cfìw, ndjnkj#qfciw ìwi{qiw ~vf f` fl gncxi kf lnw cikfq` nw nf{jtjknkfw{fiwidjgnw, xiq >8 gvnl fw kf kialf jcxiq{n`gjn xnqn ìwi{qiw flnei`knq f` fl fw{vkji kf n~vflln cnbjgn qfbji` gf`{qnl kf Nwjn,n gvziw cjw{jgiw cnw fufflwiw, j`{fbqnkiqfw kf ln ~vf wvflf lln#cnqwf Bqn` Libjn Aln gn xiq liw igvl{jw{nw, wf kfaf` lnw cikfq#`nw f`wf`n`nw kf `vfw{qn cnfw{qn Alntn{wmz, qfwvgj{n`ki gi`flJnw >nF {fq`n Wnajkvqdn kf lnw Fknkfw, giìgjkn tvlbnqq`f`{fkf {jfcxiw `fixln{4`jgiw ngn anoi fl ìcaqf bqjfbi kf [fiwidjn,gjf`gjn ~vf ì fw, xiq wvxvfw{i, Gjf`gjn kf Kjiw0, zn ~vf >nKfjknk Naw{qng{n, Nawilv{n f J`dnljalf, Cnq wj` iqjllnw, kf ki`kf{i ki fcn`n z n ki`kf {iki tvfltf, ì xvfkf wfq iaof{i kf giì#gjcjf {i nlbvì `j kf n{qjav{i nlbvì j`glvwi fl kf ln fujw{f`gjn,~vf ln gi`gqf{f 8 ljcj{f, wjì :78s FL [JA5?[ Z LN [FIWIDJN 7 7 7gi` kjw{j`{iw ìcaqfw wfbv` lnw kjdfqf`{fw qnnw, nwj, nv`~vf ìenz cnw ~vf v`n Qni` ~vf xi`f f` iqkf` fw{nw giw nw z v`nXqitjkf`gjn %Mnqcn* ~vf lnw nkcj`jw{qn, enz kjdfqf`{fw eiìqfwz kfìcj`ngji`fw f` liw kjtfqwiw xnjwfw, z liw eicaqfw, xnqn f`#{f`kfqwf, wf wjqtf` kf wjcailiw gi`wnbqnkiw, nlbvìw iawgvqiw, zi{qiw cnw glnqiw, f`fncj`n`ki nwj nl xf`wncjf`{i xiq lnw tjnw kfLi Kjtj i, cnw flli ì wj` bqntjwjci xfljbqi, xiq~vf nlbvìw,xfqkjf`ki xjf, wf kfwxfdjn` f` ln wvxfqw{jgj4`, z i{qiw ~vfqjf`kiì gnfq f` fl liknnl kf ln wvxfqw{jgji`, wf en` kfwxf`nki, n wvtf, enw{n fl xqfgjxjgji kfl n{fjwci Nkfcnw, gici kjgf DqnÈnq{cn``, v`nw xfqwi`nw xiwff` bqn`kfw xikfqfw j`{flfg{vnlfwxfqi xign fwxjqj{vnljknk= i{qnw {jf`f` bqn` xikfq fwxjqj{vnl, gi`v n j {fl jb f gjn kfajl, N~vflliw ~vf {jf`f lnw f`fqbjnw fwxjq j{vn#lfw ajf` qfdiqnknw gi` v`n j`{fljbf`gjn dvfq{f, wi` liw flfbjkiw#,Fl tfqknkfqi {f4widi, {jf`f ~vf fwdiqnqwf gi` {iknw lnw xi{f`#gjnw kf wv nlcn f` wfq kf fw{iw {jl{jciw, ì f` fl wf`{jki fbijw{ngqjw{jnì kf ln flfggji`# z >n wnltngji`# xnqn wili fl, iltjkn`kin liw kfq`nw, wjì f` fl wf`{jki evcnì kf { fìq kf >n g lnwjgn wf`#gjn kf [fqf`gji, z xnqn >8 gvnl, wj ì lf fw knalf {iknvjn jq d{wjgn#cf`{f n> [jaf{, ki`kf xqng{jgn z >jaqfcf`{f wf f`wfdjn` fw{nwgiwnw xiq Wfqfw wvxfqjiqfw engjn liw gvnlfw ln cjwcn nkiqngji`ì wfqjn jkiln{qjn, gici kjgf Alntn{wmz, xvfkn engfq, nl cfìw,~vf fl [jaf{ tf`bn n fl, kjgjf`ki gi` fl cnfw{qi Cneicn,wjfcxqf af`kj{i, nv`~vf n ln j`tfqwn ? ln Ci`{n`n tf`kqn ncj,wj zi ì xvfki jq n ln Ci`{n`n ?i


14/25

` d V [ V Q I K F l N p . [ . c E L I p C N V [ Q I p 8 > > d { F l > 8 >

Fw gi`tf`jf`{f f`dqf`{nqwf gnqn n gnqn gi` liw efgeiwZ cvgeiw gqff` f` fl efgei kf ~vf f` fl gvqwi kf liwvl{jciw ndjiw n xnq{jq kfl Gi`bqfwi kf Iccf` kf > : 1 6en` igvqqjki kfcnwjnknw qftflngji`fw xqf{f`kjf`ki fuxljgnq nliw C W [ liw kfwfiw kf liw Cnfw{qiw Fw{nw qftflngji`fw kfgnqng{fq igvl{i lnw gi`wjkfqn` cvgeiw {f4widiw wj`gfqiw gici v`bqn` xfljbqi xnqn fl dv{vqi kf ln W [ V` qfwjkf`{f kf Nkznqcvz nl giqqjf`{f cf en j`diqcnki ~vf n cfìw ~vf {iki fw{i ìtnqjf ngnanqn ln cjwji` kf ln W [ n`{fw kf gj`gi ndjiw Fl {fcnen wjki glnqnq`f`{f fuxvfw{i xiq fl Kq [.S . tn` kfq Lffvrf` flnq{jgvli nxnqfgjki f` FL LI[I ALN@GI kf ov`jiXfqwi`nl cf`{f enaln`ki, ln [fiwidjn %gicxqf`kjknw f` fllnlnw qflngji`fw ifvl{nw* w4>8 cf en wfqtjki xnqn v` iaof{i ? qfnljnqfl wjb`jdjgnki cnw j`{jci kf ln tjkn Fl giò v {i kf efgeiw giìgj#kiw f` fl xqfwf`{f gi` fl ìcaqf kf igvl{jwci# cf en` efgei flxqialfcn kf ln tjkn cvgei cnw glnqi kf >8 ~vf dvfqn wj` flliwLn [fiwid jn wjfcxqf en wjki xnqn cj v`n gjf`gjn, z liw efgeiwigvl{iw fung{ncf {f >8cjwci ~vf liw kfcnw, fw kfgjq, cn{fqjnlfwxiq gvzi cfkji wf xvfkf gi`w{qvjq v` g4kjbi kf gi`kvg{n @n{v#qnlcf`{f, wili f` ln cjwcn cfkjkn f` ~vf liw wfkjgf {fw efgeiwwi` gjfq{iw xnqn cl, xvfkf cj djliwidjn kf ln tjkn wfqcf v{j J.Efgi`wjkfqnki wjfcxqf lnw qftflngji`fw# gici gvnl~vjfq i{qn ndjq#cngji`= lnw ef gqfjki f` xqixiqgji` kf ln `fgfwjknk ~vf {vtjfqnkf gqffq f` flOnw z ì cnw Ef ngfx{nki gi`wgjf`{fcf`{f fl xflj#bqi kf wfq f`bndjnkiEiz, cvge nw xfqwi`nw ~vf n`{fw gqfzfqi` djqcfcf`{f wf kn`gvf`{n kf ~vf ì xvfkf` gi`{j`vnq gqfzf`ki Fw{i ì {jf`f `nknwiqxqf`kf`{f, xfqi >8~vf wj wiqxqf`kf fw ln ngvwngji` ~vf ln`n`kf enafq wjki f`bndjnkiw xiq liw kfcnw @nkjf lfw ialjbnan ngqffq, z wj` fcanqbi gqfzfqi`= gnaf wvxi`fq, xvfw, ~vf fw{i wfkfaji n ~vf wv {fcxfqncf`{i lfw j`glj`nan f`{i`gfw n ln gqff`gjn,~vf {f` jn` `fgfwjknk kf gqffq Cnw neiqn ~vf fl xfqjiki kf kvknen gicf`nki xnqn flliw, f` lvbnq kf ngvwnqwf kf enafq gqf{ki{i {ncf {f, fwgn knljn` n ~vjf fw xqig>ncnan v n qftflngji`z lfw ngvwn` kf enafqwfln j`kfajkncf {f jcxvfw{i, j`kvgjf`kiliwnwj nl fqqiqFw{f wf`{jcjf`{i kf enafq wjki j`kvgjkiw n fqqiq wf ì{n f`

>:78 S FL DV[VQIKF LN W [ 776cvgeiw ~vf gqff` ~vf Jn W [ wf enlln f` bqntf xfljbqi z xqixi#`f` gici qfcfkji ~vf f` >8 dv{vqi ln W [ wf nxnq{f kfl igvl{jw#ci f` bf`fqnl z f`di~vf wv xqj`gjxnl fwdvfqi f` xqiglncnqwilncf`{f ln tjkn j`{fq`n= `n{vqnlcf`{f, v`n tjkn j`{fq`n ~vfgnkn gvnl kfaf kfwgvaqjq, xfqi wj` wfbvjq n `j`bv` ofdf, wfn kfln W [ 8 gvnl~vjfq wfq wvxfqjiq, gici xiq fofcxli, v` Cnfw{qiF` v`n xnlnaqn, xnqn fw{nw bf`{fw, gvn`{i cfìw wf enalf kf liwCnfw{qiw z kf >8 ~vf flliw kfwfn` ~vf wfn ln W [, {n`{i cnw fldv{vqi kf fwn wf nwfbvqnqn,Fw j`{fqfwn`{f ficxqianq ~vf fw{n wj{vngji` kf >:78 fw ln cjw#q`n kf >556. Kf >558 n >55;E X A eji kf ln fujw{f`gjn kf liwCnfw{qiw fl tjbjn kf ln fwgf`n {fiwidjgn Liw xqixiwj{iw kf liwCnfw{qiw qfwxfg{i n ln W [ fqn` wv df z `v`gn eji kf flli v` wf#gqf{i Gnq{nw z cnw gnq{nw fcn`nknw kf liw Cnfw{qiw dvfqi` xqi#g>ncnknw f` fl cv`ki {fiwidjgi xqj`gjxnl cf`{f xiq wv cfkjngji` Dvf v` xfqdiki kf qftflngji`fw# ~vf Jlfb4 n v` bqnki onq`nwjbvnlnki kfwxvfw= f`wfbvjkn wiaqftjì ln qfnggji`, Tjiwf wvqbjqln ngvwngji` kf liw Givlicaw kf ~vf E X A enajn flnaiqnki lnwqftflngji`fw#? z gi` flJnw liw Cnfw{qiw, ftjkf`{fcf`{f Ln ejw#{iqjn kf fw{iw ngi`{fgjcjf`{iw fw{n nl nlgn`gf kf {ikiw

Fl qfwvl{nki dvf, fcxfqi, ~vf liw Cnfw{qiw ~vfknqi` kfdj`j#{jtncf`{f qflfbnkiw n vl{jci qfqq`jì Eji fw{i fl giqi`fl Ilgi{{kfljafqnkncf`{f z >8nkix{i gici lj`fn kf gi`kvg{n @i ~vj f qfkfgjq fw{i ~vf ì gqfzfqn f` ln fujw{f`gjn kf liw Cnfw{qiw, zn~vf gqf{n f` flliw djqcfq`f`{f Xfqi xf`wi ~vf fqn cfoiq xnqn fldv{vqi kf ln Wigjfknk ~vf fw{n ljcj{nqn wvw ng{jtjknkfw n ln qflj#bji` gicxnqnkn F` [ef [efiwixejw{, fl v`jgi iqbnì ~vffuxqfwnan f`{i`ffw ln ti kfl citjcjf`{i {fiwidjgi, fljcjìj`{f`gji`nkncf`{f {iki fvn`{i n{qjavjn n liw Cnfw{qiw ln tfqkn#kfqn kjqfggji` kfl citjcjf`{i E X A z wv igvl{jwci dvfqi`wjlf`gjiwncf`{f qflfbnkiw xnqn fl ajf` kf ln Wigjfknk Ilgi{{ ejif`{i`ffw >8 ~vf cvge iw kfwfn` ~vf enbn ln W [ f` fl xqfwf`{fF` >55: , wj` fcanqbi, E X A naqji ln Wfggji` Fwi{fqjgn kfln W [ Fl giqi`fl Ilgi{{ ì gqfjn gi`tf`jf`{f wv dv`kngji` zdvf `fgfwnqjn v`n gnq{n kfl Cnfw{qi M E xnqn ~vf nkix{nqn v`nnf{j{vk kjdfqf {fDj`nlcf`{f nggfkji Xfqi f` fl xfqjiki cfkjn`{f >556 z >55^ln xilj{jgn kfl giqi`fl Ilgi{{ gi`wjw{ji f` kfonq xiq ficxlf{i n liwCnfw{qiw f` fl vl{jci {fqq`jì kfl citjcjf`{i ~vf j`{fqfwn eizkjn Fujw{f v` cfciqn`kvc cn`vwgqj{i kf E X A f` ~vf qfln{n>8~vf fl cnfw{qi lf kjoi gi`gfq`jf`{f n ln xilj{jgn wfbvjkn XIJ" flgiqi`fl Ilgi{{ ~vf wf enlln f` Nkznq, f`{qf lnw gnq{nw kf liwCnfw{qiw gi`wfqtnknw f` fl nqfn kf ln Wqn, Afwn`{ Nlbv`n tfef gj{nki wvw xnwnofw!


15/25

77 4 FL LI[I ALN@GI ]OvljiFtjkf`{fcf`{f fw{n gnq{n {qn{n, f` bqn` xnq{f, kf ngi`{fgj#cjf`{iw f` fl gvnq{fl Bf`fqnl kf Nkznq Xfqi wf ftjkf`gjn flfqqiq kfl gicxiq{ncjf`{i nkix{nki xiq fl giqi`fl Ilgi{{ nl qflf#bnq n vl{jci {fqq`jì n liw Cnfw{qiw z fl igvl{jwci= > 8 gvnl, v`ntf igvqqjkn wv cvfq{f, evajfqn j`dnljalfcf`{f gi`kvgjki n lnW [ n v` dqngnwi Xnqn ftj{nq {nl xiwjajljknk, E X A qf~vjqji lnn{f`gj4` wiaqf liw Cnfw{qiw z fl igvl{jwci, wj ajf` ì wf kjqjbjn

cnw ~vf n v` wflfg{i bqvxi kf cjfcaqiw xfq{f`fgjf`{fw n ln Fw#gvfln Fwi{fqjgn z ì n {ikiw liw C W [ gici igvqqj4 kf >558n >55;V` xqitfqaji J`blfw kjgf? @i fgefjw nl `jì tngjn`ki ln an#djfqn Fw{i, wj` fcanqbi igvqqji f` >556 Fl giqi`fl Ilgi{{ f`tjif` >556 n E X A n ln J`kjn lfon`n, xnqn ftj{nq > 8 ~vf lJncnanwvw j`kjwgqfgji`fw0 lnw ~vf gqfjn ìgjtnw xnqn ln W [ Gvn`kiE X A llfbi n Fvqixn, C N X Wj``f{ wf ciw{q4 jcxngjf`{fxnqn f`tjnq ln kf `vfti n ln J`kjn xiq jkf`{jgiw ci{jtiw %{f`bin`{f cj wv gnq{n nl fwgqjajq fw{nw lj`fnw* Kf wvfq{f ~vf kvqn`{fgjfq{i {jfcxi liw Cnfw{qiw z E X A dvfqi` fljcj`nkiw kf lnw {n#qfnw kf ln W [ qibn`ki nln Wqn Alntn{wmz ~vf wf ljcj{nqn nfwgqjajq ln #Kig{qj`n Wfgqf{n, cn`{ f jf`kiwf nof n n ln nkq`j`jw#{qngj4 kf ln WigjfknkXfqi engjn >55: til tji flln xnqn fw{nalfgfq f` Li`kqfw v`gf`{qi gi` v` bqvxi fu{fqì kf kjwgjxvliw z xnqn dv` knq lnW F [, fl giqni` kf ln Wigjfknk gici flln ln Jlncnan Gvc#xljkn fw{n cjwji`, j`bqfwi f` ln W [ N``jf Afwn`{Lnw gi`kjgji`fw wi` jkf`{jgnw eiz Xiq flli wf kjgf ~vf gjfq{iwj`jgjnkiw %8 ~vf wf kjgf` {nlfw* en` gi`kvgjki n ln Wigjfknk n v`xqfgjxjg ji %{n l fw ln ngvwngj4`* xiq wvw xqiglncnw z qftflngj i fw,z wf ìw qvfbn fljcj`nq xiq gicxlf{i eiz n liw Cnfw{qiw f` `vfw#{qn gicxqf`wj4` z kjqfggj4` kf liw nwv`{iw kf ln W [F` i{qiw {fqcjìw ? wf ìw xjkf ~vf tngjfciw fl nbvn kf lnandjfqn z fgefciw nl `jì Ln lfz gjg>jgn gi`kvgf lnw gjqgv`w{n`#gjnw kf >:78 > 8 cjwci ~vf f` >556 G OJ@NQNSNKNWN

%Kfl Avllf{j "J"efiwixaj~vf#*

" ? =? >" , . Y !5 "d>,

N L N @ V F T N ! Q N C N O J @ N Q N O N K N W N ! K F G N Q G N B F @ [ FJ@NVBVQNKN FL >> KF CNZI KF >:78

Cjw ~vfqjkiw efqcnìw ?FJ cv`ki fw{n kn`ki tvfl{nw engjn ln `vftn gjtjljngj4`, ~vfkfaf wnltnq nln Evcn`jknk Fl fwxjqj{vnljwci fw ln n`{iqgen ~vfnlvcaqnqn fl gncj i%Xfqi ~vf fw fl Fwxjqj{vnljwci wj`4 fl naqjq fl nlcn n lnw tjaqn#gji`fw kjtj`nw9 Efciw fw{nki z wfbvjqfciw f` lnw {j`jfalnw, xiq#~vf ìwi{qiw cjwciw ìw efqìw f`gfqqnki f` v` gnw{jlli, gvznwxnqfkfw ìw xqjtn` binq kf ln lv kfl wil]Ie Wil. ^vf fqfw {v wj`4 ln cn`jdfw{ngj4` tjwjalf kf ln Kjtj`j#knk9= %xiq ~vf ì {f gn`{nqfciw v` ejcì xnqn ~vf {v j`{fqìdvfbi xvfkn f`gf`kfq `vfw{qiw giqni`fw {jajiw z {j{vafn`{fw9^vf {vw qnziw xf`f{qf` f`{qf wvw djaqnw, ~vf lnw f`gjf`kn kf v`nciq wvaljcf engjn `vfw{qiw wfcfon`{fw, xnqn ~vf xiknciw wfq#tjqlfw z engjn {ikiw liw wfqfw tjtjf`{fw xnqn ~vf `vfw{qn kjtj`jknkxvfkn kfwgvaqjq > 8 ~vf fujw{f f` fl [iki 8 wfn f` fl Wil kfliw wilfwLn tjkn v`n fw ln ~vf kfafciw wf`{jq f` ìwi{qiw n`{fw kfwf`{jqln f` {ikiw liw wfqfw kfl V`jtfqwiWnafciw ~vf ciqn f` > 8 cnw j`{jci kf `vfw{qi giqni`, xfqilnw {j`jfalnw ~vf n wv nlqfkfkiq lftn`{n `vfw{qi fbijwci ì lnkfon wnljqFw gici v`n llncn ~vf fwxfwi evci ì ìw kfon xfqgjajqF` ìwi{qiw, gici f` {ikiw liw wfqfw z giwnw, ln tjkn wf cn#

`jdjfw{n xiq cfkji kf v`n diqcn, z ln xvqjdjgngj4` kf fwn diqcnfw ln ~vf xfqcj{f ln j`{qj`wfgngj4` kf ln tjkn wvazngf`{fFwxjqj{vnljgfciw `vfw{qnw diqcnw gi` `vfw{qnw cnw flftnknwnwxjqngji`fw z nw. xikqfciw ginkzvtnq nl cfoiqncjf`{i kflcv`ki@i xf`wfjw ~vf v`n Qncn wfn nlbi j`fq{f, fw v`n diqcn {nc#ajf` ~vf {f`fjw fl kfafq kf tjtjdjgnq kn`kilf xnq{f kf tvfw{qigiqn4`, xnq{f kf tvfw{qn cnw j`{jcn tjkn @i tnznjw n avwgnq`nkn ~vf qfkv`kf f` tvfw{qi xqitfgei Kfafjw xf`wnq ~vf kfafjwknq wjfcxqf z wj ì knjw {iki gvn`{i kf cfoiq fujw{n f` tiwi{qiw,ì xikfjw llncnqiw {f4widiw Kfonk nxnq{f liw df`4cfìw, ln gv#qjiwjknk kf j`knbnq {iki >8 fu{fqì, xiq wiaqf`n{vqnl ~vf xnqf#


16/25

O75 FL LI[I ALN@GI ]Ovljign J`knbnk kf`{qi kf tvfw{qi giqn4`, ~vf fw v` efqciwi onqkj`,z kfqqncnk n xv` nkiw lnw efqciwnw dliqfw ~vf f` fl fujw{f` Wvxfqdvcf kflfj{nqn lnw nlcnw avf`nw, ~vf, fcaqjnbnknw kfl nciq~vf f` flJnw f`gf`kjw{fjw, Jiqcnqn` fl `vglfi kf lnw dvfqnw xqi#xvlwiqnw ~vf llftn` nl cv`ki engjn ln xfqdfg{n gjtjljngj4`, lntfqknkfqn xn z ln f{fq`n dfljgjknk.#N{{jlji Aqvwgef{{j.

N LN @VFTN QNCN OJ@NQNONKNWNCf xjkf cj avf` ncjbi K Lfn`kqi Bf{jì, v`nw xnlnaqnwxnqn fwn `vftn Qncn Z gici wjf`{i f`{vwjnwci xiq {ikn `vftncn jdfw{ngj4 kf > 8 ~vf en` wjki liw jkfnlfw kf cj tjkn fwxjqj{vnl,kfwxvfw kf wnlvknq n liw kfwgiìgjkiw ncjbiw kf fwf `vfti Gf`#{qi, gi` {iki gnqjdji ef kf qibnqlfw cf xfqcj{n` wfq gi` flliwcvz dqn`giV`n Qncn kf ln W [, fw v` `vglfi kf dqn{fq`jknk, kf fw{vkjiz kf j`tfw{jbngji` Ln dqn{fq`jknk fw v` efgei f` ln @n{vqnlfn=xvfw vì fw fl Fwxjqj{v F{fqì#fl Xnkqf#, z v`n ln F{fq`n Cn{f#

qjn#ln Cnkqf#, ~vf diqcn` n liw eicaqfw z n liw wfqfw {ikiw,~vf wi , xiq gi wjbvjf {f, efqcn iwFw{i, ì fw xvfw, xqfgjwi ~vf > 8 xqiglncfciw, wj ì fw xnqn~vf kjgen dqn{fq`jknk ìw j`wxjqf f` `vfw{qn tjkn, f` {ikiw liwkf{nllfw kf `vfw{qn fujw{f`gjn @i gi`wjw{f ln dqn{fq`jknk f` xqi#glncnqln n {ikiw liw tjf`{iw, wj`4 f` gicxiq{nqìw gici > 8 enqjn#ciw gi` liw cnw ~vfqjkiw kf `vfw{qiw efqcnìw kf dncjljn? Znwnafciw {ikiw, ~vf f` lnw dncjljnw ì {iki fw wjfcxqf gi`giqkjn,z ~vf liw efqcnìw n tfgfw ì wf f`{jf`kf` Liw ~vf cnw wf~vjfqf`, >8 xqvfan` xiq wvw efgeiw, ì xiq xnlnaqnw cfliwnw= xqf#gjwncf`{f f` lnw dncjljnw wf vwn` xigi fwnw fuxqfwji`fw= cvgenwtfgfw wf kjgf` lnw giwnw gi` dqn~vfn fwgvf{n z wj` gfqfci`jnwFw xiq~vf fl gnqjì fw giwn ~vf wf kn xiq wf`{nki= z ~vf ì enz~vf fw{nqli qfxj{jf ki kf gi {j vi, >8 ~vf wfqjn fcxnlnbiwi[ikiw tf`jciw nln W [ lJfìw kf kfdfg{iw f jcxfqdfggji`fwNl xi`fqìw f` gi`{ng{i f` lnw Qncnw, fw dn{nl ~vf ì wjfcxqfwf cn jdjfw{f >8 cfoiq ~vf gnkn vì kf ìwi{qiw {jf`f N tfgfw wffu{fqjiqjn > 8 cfìw avfì= z enz ~vf {f`fq xngjf`gjn, enw{ n flljcj{f gicxn{jalf gi` ln xqixjn kjb`jknk z fl xqixji eiìq %cnw`fgfwnqjiw ~vf ln xqixjn tjkn*, xnqn wvdqjq lnw ljcj{ngji`fw zdln~vfnw z cf~vj`knkfw kf i{qnw nlcnw ~vf en` tf`jki n qf#v`jqwf gi` ìwi{qiw, n{qnjknw xIJ" fl aqjlli kf ln [fiwidjn !Lnwlfggji`fw cnw ncnqbnw, tf`kqn` kf nej0 en kjgei v` wnaji j`w#{qvg{iq @i iw llnq`fjw n f`b nì [f`kqfjw tvfw{qnw kjdjgvl{nkfw,

>:78 S N LN @VFTN QNCN OJ@NQNONKNWN" KF GNQGNBF@[F 77:gici {ikiw lnw en` {f`jki z lnw {jf`f` [qn{nk kf xqfgntfqiwgi`{qn fllnw, kf xqftf`jqlnw, kf qfgiqknq {i ki fw{i, gvn`ki wfxqikvgn`

Gi`wjkfqnk ~vf efciw `nfjki f` v` xnjw xfq{f`fgjf`{f n v`nkf lnw qncjdjgngji`fw kf >n gvnq{n wvaqnn kf ln ~vj`{n Qnn, fci#{jtn z xnwji`nl, liw gfl{nw bqjfbiw z qicnìw, z gi` v` jòfq{ibfqq`n`jgi, liw bikiw, z i{qi cnw xqidv`ki, nqnaf z ovkji, giciiw j`kjgn ln ejw{iqjn N fw{iw gvfqxiw, ngiw{vcaqnkiw n tjaqnqf` ln cf`{f, z f` lnw lJncnqnknw fci{jtnw z xnwji`nlfw, lfw ~vf#qfciw jcxi`fq v` qj{ci ncxlji z {qn`~vjli, kjcn`n`{f kflcv`ki kf >8 naw{qng{i z kf liw kfw{flliw tjtjwjciw kf ln j`{vjgji`fwxjqj{vnl p^vf kf fw{q nì ~vf ì qfwxi`knciw cvgenw tfgfw nln lJncnkn jcxfqn{jtn, z ~vf wnlbnciw gici wvflf kfgjqwf xiqliw gfqqiw kf Vafkn9

p^vfqfjw fwgvgenq fl gi`wfoi kf v` n`{jbvi C W [9 Ifvxniwkf ln lnaiq giq`v`, z ì iw igvxfjw kf lnw xfqwi`nw, wj ì fw xnqnnzvknqlnw f` > 8 xiwjalf, kfljgnkncf {f, f` wvw kjdjgvl{nkfw, llfbn#ki fl gnwiZ `nkn cnw Xfqq`j{jkcf ~vf iw wnlvkf gici `vftn Qncn gi`fl wnlvki ~vf wjfcxqf kjqjbd n lnw Qncnw `vftnw ~vf aqi{nqi` f`Fwxn`n cjf`{qnw kjqjbj ln Wfggji`,o^vf fwn Qncn qfgjf` xln`{nkn xvfkn cfqfgfq ln af`kjgj4` kfliw Bqn`kfw Wfqfw. z gi` wv nzvkn tjtn, gqfgn z dliqfgn#

d.Bnqqjki.

QNCN OJ@NQNONKNWNCjw ~vfqjkiw efqcnìw? Wj kjnw enz wilfc`fw f` `vfw{qn tjknnl xnwi xiq fw{f cv`ki, eiz nwj >8 kfafciw gi`wjkfqnq xiq flng{i ~vf fw{njw qfnljn`ki z xiq >8 cjwci fw{f tvfw{qi evcjlkf

efqq`nì, iw kjqjof gvn{qi xnlnaqnw Ln bqn` tfqknk ~vf cvz xi giw f`{jf`kf` z ~vf cvz xifiw~vjfqf` 8 xvfkf` gicxqf`kfq, fw ~vf ln Wnajkvqjn Kjtj`n ìfi`wjw{f f` ngfx{nq v`n ixj`ji` dv`knkn f` fl gqfkj{i z ln qfwxi`#wnajljknk ~vf ìw cfqfgn nlbv`n xfqwi`n, wj`4 ln gi`tjggji`xqixjn @nkjf xvfkf wfq gi`tfq{jki# n ln [fiwidjn, wj kf n`{f#cnì ì fw {f4widi f` wv giqni`= `nkjf fw {f4widi xiq gqffqgjfbncf`{f >8 ~vf E X A, Lfnkafn{fq 8 Mqjwe`ncvq{j, 8 gvnl#~vjfq i{qn nv{iqjknk kjbn, `j {ncxigi >8 fw n~vfl gvznw ixj ji fwfw{n` anwnknw f` xqvfanw kfl cicf`{i, f` nxnqjf`gjnw fu{fq`nwi f` kfkvgji`fw z qni`ncjf`{iw libjgiw Wili fw {f4widi n~vflf` ~vjf` ln vfqknk cjwcn wfn v` xikfq tjti, gi`wgjf`{f, n~vfl


17/25

7; 8 FL LI[I ALN@GI ]ovlji~vf ì {f`bn `fgfwjknk kf engfq kfkvgji`fw, xiq~vf tf z wjf`{f>n tfqknk cjwcn, gici xnq{f fwf`gjnl kf wv xqixjn `n{vqnlfnLn [fiwidjn ì fw v`n {fiqjn, wjì v` xikfq tjtjf`{f= fz lnJ`w{qvggj4` igvl{n3 ì kfxf`kf kf v` lf`bvnof flftnki, `j kf kjw#gvqwiw fligvf`{fw, `j kf ln fdvwji` ~vf aqi{n, `j kfl qfln{i kfejw{iqjnw cnqntjlliwnw, wjì kfl kfw f`til tjq`jf`{i z gqfgjcjf {ifwxjqj{vnl, kf ln fuxn`wj4` kfl giqni` z kf ln cf`{f, kfl kfwxfq#{nq f` v` fw{nki wvxfqjiq kf fujw{f`gjn, kf xf`f{qnqwf kf ln v`j#knk kf {iki z kf ln qflngj4` xqng{jgn kf >n d qn{fq`jknk z nqci`jnv`jtfqwnl%^vf xikfjw engfq xnqn f`{qnq f` fw{f fw{nki kf gi`gjf`gjn9W4>8 xvfkf engfqwf xiq f> xikfq kfl Cnfw{qi, fl Zi Wvxfqjiq,~vf ciqn kf`{qi z dvfqn kf `vfw{qi Zi {fqqfw{qf z gvzn gi`gjf`#gjn z fw{nki kf fujw{f`gjn fw kf v`n glnwf gicxlf{ncf`{f kjw{j`{nkf n~vfOln xfqwi`nljknk ciq{nl f` ~vf ciqn z n ~vf kn wicaqnFw{f, `vfw{qi xqixji Kjiw, fw fl Cnfw{qi= z wj ì xikfciw xf`f#{qnq f` wv qfjì kf liw gjfliw, ~vf fw `vfw{qn qfbji` wvxfqjiqkf wf`{jcjf`{i, {ikn `vfw{qn wnajkvqjn {fiwidjgn# z `vfw{qnw fw#xfgvlngj i fw djliwidjgnw, nv gvn ki wfxnciw kf cfciqjn ln Kig#{qj`n Wfgqf{n, ìw knqn` fl cjwci qfwvl{nki ~vf {qjllnq xnon wj`bqnì%G4ci xikqfciw giìgfq nl Cnfw{qi z xf`f{qnq "f` wv fwdfqnkf gi`gjf`gjn9 @i enz cnw gncjì ~vf xnwnq ln xvfq{n kfl NCIQFJ nciq fw fl xikfq ~vf f`lnn, ì wili n liw cv`kiw, wj`4 {nc#ajf` n `vfw{qi Zi gi` fl [iki^vf On af`kjgj4` kf liw af`kj{iw Cnfw{qiw kfwgjf`kn` wiaqftiwi{qiw Xn n {ikiw liw wfqfw #L Bf{jì.

N LN QNCN OJ@NQNONKNWN

Gi`diqcf gi` liw kfwfiw ~vf cf en cn`jdfw{nki fl Xqfwjkf`{fkf ln Qncn ~vf eiz idjgjnlcf`{f wf j`nvbvqn, {f` bi wvcn wn{jw#dnggj4` f` knqiw cj giqkjnl ajf`tf`jkn f` ìcaqf kf `vfw{qntf`fqnkn Xqfwjkf`{f Iqn N``jf Afwn`{Ln ixiq{v`jknk ~vf wf xqfwf`{n n {iki j`kjtjkvi kfwkf fl ci#cf`{i f` ~vf j`bqfwn f` ln Wigjfknk [fiw4djgn, gi` wfq fìq#cf, wf fcxf~vf`fgf gvn`ki wf lf idqfgf nkfq`nw i{qn ixiq{v`jknkwvxfqjiq? ln kf {qnanonq gici gflvln kf v` iqbn`jwci V`n Qncnkf ln W [ kfajfqn {f`fq xiq jkfnl gi`tfq{jqwf f` iqbn`jwci xfq#dfg{i, f`{f`kjf`ki f` fw{f gnwi xiq xfqdfggji`, kfwnqqilli j`kjtj#kvnl, >jaqf z gilfg{jtncf`{f nqc4`jp8 kf gnkn gflvln ~v? >8j`{fbqn Wj v`n kf flJnw {n` w4>8 kfon kf ng{vnq 8 kf wf`{jq ln

>:78 * N LN @VFTN QNCN OJ@NQNOAKNWN KF GNQGNBF@[F 7;>afllfn kfl giòv`{i xfq{vqanwf j`cfkjn{ncf`{f ln lnaiq giq`v`Fl tnliq kf ln W [, wv diq{nlfn z wv dv{vqn xqiwxfq jkvk fwxj#qj{vnl qnkjgn` xqfgjwncf`{f f` fl j`kjtjkvi gi`wgjf`{f z >jaqfkf`{qi kf v` `vglfi @i enz xikfq anw{n`{f f` f> v`jtfqwi xnqnndqi`{nq fl ~vf kfwx>jfbn v`n gicv`jknk, xiq xf~vfdjn ~vf wfn=ì enz afllfn ~vf xvfkn gicxnqnqwf n ln gqfngji` kf v` iqbn#`jwci fwxjqj{vnl ki`kf gnkn xnq{jgvln kfxiwj{n wv qj~vfn ngvcv#lnkn f` fl {fwiqi gicv`= ì enz xlf`j{vk gicxnqnalf n ln ~vfej`gef lnw djaqnw kfl giqn4` gvn`ki wjf`{f ~vf xnl x j{n f` nqqì#`jgi ngiqkf gi` nlcnw efqcn`nw, ì enz lnaiq cnw kjb`n, `j cnwv{j >~vf n~vflln ~vf en qfgjajki fl jcxvlwi kf n~vfOlnw nlcnw gi`#bqfbnknw, qfv`jknw xnqn f> w fqtjgji kf ln evcn`jknk kiljf`{f xiqwv jbìqn gjn z cn{fqjnljwciKf `vfti iw kiz, xvfw, ln ajf`tf`jkn gi` ln fwxfqn`n kf ~vffl jkfnl kf dqn{fq`jknk, n~vf> xiq fl gvnl {ikiw lvgenciw, fcxf#nqn n wfq v`n qfnljknk f` tvfw{qn Qncn, {j`jgi ciki kf ~vfxvfkn fqbvjqwf gici dnqi kf ln >v qfkf`{iqn f` `vfw{qn Wfggji`@ngji`nlCvgei `fffwj{n fw{n kf ln gilnaiqngji` kf {ikiw, xfqi ~vjf`fwxvfkf` xqfw{nqwfln cnw tj{nlcf`{f wi` lnw Qncnw oitf`fw ~vfljaqfw f` bqn` xnq{f kf xqfovjgjiw, fw{n` f` cnw dntiqnalfw gi`kj#gji`fw xnqn {f`kfq f> tvfli z kjtjwnq ln ncxlj{vk kfl fwxngji^vf `vfw{qn Wigjfknk [fiwidjgn Fwxnìln xvfkn qfbigjonqwfwjfcxqf kf tvfw{qi `ngjcjf`{i # Fw{efq @jgilnv %Wfgqf{nqjibf`fqnl*

N LIW EFQCN@ IW ^VF J@[FBQN@ LN QNCNfOJ@NQNONKNWN, GI@ CI[JTI KF WV J@NVBVQNGJ4@WNLVKI n liw efqcnìw ~vf n wfgv`knq iw tjf`f`

f` `vfw{qi bqn{i fcxfdli kf f{fq n qfkf gj4 ?efqcn iw gnq l iwiw, ~vf 54>8v` ndn` {jf f` wfbvjq fl Xln` Kjtj i ln evcn n ftilvgj4`

jAf`kjgfiw fl gjfli. NJnlcn n{qjavlnkngi diq{n tvfw{qi bfw{i kf v` kvlgf kfwxfq{nqj~vf fw kln tf {vqiwi f l ~vf engfj w tvfw{qn f`{ qnkn f` lnQncn [fiw4djgn ~vf eiz fq`xjfzn ng{vnq


18/25

7 ; 1 FL LI[I ALNGI ]OvljiCjf{qnw xfqwjbvf fl cv ki fl tflligjì kf iqi

z qj kf tnwnllnof nl bigf cn{fqjfl,flftnjw qftfqf`{fw j`cnqgfwjalfw giqixjkjf`ki n liw Cnfw{qiw v` qfjì dqn{fq nl

Nwxjqngj4` ~vf nOgn n v` f u j{i ftjkf`{fwj f` wf {jki nl{qvjw{n engfciw ln lnaiq ki~vjfqn ~vf wv ìcaqf wf j ti~vf gi df nqkjf {fln Libjn Aln gn f`tln wv dvfbi j wxjqnkiq

Ln ng{jtjknk dng{jalf ~vf cnw bqn{n iw wfnfwgibfk, z kf efqcn iw v` `{jg>fidiqcnk,lvgen ki w j kfwgn wi , ~vf qvkn fw ln xflfnxiq~vf jqqnkjf f` ln { jfqqn ln lv kf ln Tfqknk

Zn lnw cv kjnlfw qv{nw wf n ln` g>nqncf {f ~vf ln wfu{n wvaqnn fcxjfn n nl#fl anqanqi fbijwci kf dqn{qjfjkjiw dvf`{f ]aiqfnqkf ln Xn fl qfj nki gi wfbvjqn fwdvcnq

Zn fl Cn {j f` lnw nl{vqnw wvw xln fw fofgv{n,z ndjqcn ln J>fbnkn kfl Kjtj i J w{qvg{iq liw zn xvqjd jgnkiw en kf wfbvjq Wv qv{ngiixfqn`ki f` wvw xqfkjgnw kf Gicxqf wj4` z Nciq

Gi w{n {fw lvgenkiqfw f` gican{jq fl tjgjiz ciw{qnq n liw eicaqfw Wv fwxlf kiqiwn lv,eillfciw fl Wf kfqi kf Nciq z Wngqjdjgji,~vf w4>8xvqjdjfn fl xfwi kf ln Gqv

@i iw gnvwf wiaqfwnl{i, wvdqjq {n ìgef iaw gvqnk fl n lc n ~vf kfwgqjaf fl cjw{jfi Wn Ovn ,ln wilfknk djg{jgjn fw `v gji kf tf {vqn ]Dfljgjkn iw nbvnqkn f` xqfcji n tvfw{qi ndn .

Tjgf { f G j qvjfkn

# 0 { o #

DQN[FQ@JKNKEF n~vj fcjl fw ln nwxjqngj4` kf {ikiw liw wfqfw wfn gvnldvf qf wv bqnki kf gvJ{vqn z kf ftilvgji` Ln jkfn kfDqn{fq`jknk fw v`n jkfn j``n{n f` {ikiw liw eicaqfwz f` flln gi`tfqbf` {iknw wvw j`jgjn{jtnw z {ikiw wvw nèfliw, nv`gvn`ki fl cjwci eicaqf wf iaw{j`f gi` wvw efgeiw f` kfqìw{qnq>8 gi`{qnqji[iknw lnw qfljbji`fw en` {f`jki f` xqj`gjxji f> cjwci iaof{i,f> kf ln Dqn{fq`jknk= {iknw lnw {f`kf`gjnw xilj{jgnw z {iknw lnwfwgvflnw djliw4djgnw, ì i{qi en wjki wv dj` xqjciqkjnl, cnw onz.~vf {iknw flJnw en` gnjki f` f> fqqiq, f` fl bqn`kf fqqiq, kf ìgi`wjkfqnq efqq`nìw wjì n n~vflliw ~vf gicvlbnan` f` 7V cjwcigqfki, kf ì gi`gfkfq lnw cjwcnw xqfqqin{jtnw n n~vflliw i{qiw

eicaqfw ~vf xnq{jgjxn` kf kjw{j`{nw ixj`ji`fw n lnw wvznw, n liwgvn>fw {ngen` kf efqfofw, gvn`ki ì kf f`fcjbiwLiw xvfaliw cjwciw engf` kjdfqf`gjn f`{qf n~vflliw ~vf ìen` `ngjki f` fl cjwci wvfli, wj` gi`wjkfqnq ~vf fl fu{qnòfqi,gvnl~vjfqn ~vf wfn >n `ngji` n ~vf xfq{f`fgn, gvnl~vjfqn ~vfwfn ln fwgvfln djliwidjgn f` ~vf cjlj{f, ì fw, wjì v` efqcnì n~vjf` kfafciw {ikn glnwf kf qfwxf{iw z n ~vjf` gici {nl kfafciwncnq z qftfqf gjnqN fw{f fdfg{i qfgiqk nciw n~vflln xnqnailn gqjw{jn`n ~vf kjgf?V`n tf xqfbv`{nqi`lf n Ofwvw? %^vjf` fw cj xqiojci9 n > 8gvn> gi`{fw{i Ofwvw? V` eicaqf kfwgf`k{n kf ofqvwnlf` n ofqjgi,z gnzi f` cnìw kf vìw wnl{fnkiqfw, liw gvnlfw, n cnw kf kfwxi#onqJf kf wvw qixnw, lf ejqjfqi`, z wf dvfqi` kfon`kilf cfkji cvfq{iGnwvnlcf`{f kfwgf`kjn v` wngfqki{f xiq n~vf> gncjì, z tjf`ki#Jf, xnwi xiq f>i{qi >nkiNwj {ncajf` v` Lftj{n, tj`jf`ki gfqgn kf n~vf> lvbnq, z tjf`#kilf, xnwi {nqàjf` xiq f> i{qi >nki Xfqi v` wncnqj{nì ~vf jankf gncjì, llfb4 gfqfn kf fl, z nl tfqlf, dvf citjki n gicxnwji`z llfbn`kiwf, tf`k4 wvw efqjknw, fgei f` fllnw ngfj{f z tjì, zwvajf`kiwf f` wv gnanlbnkvqn, Jf llfti nl cfwi` z gvjki kf fl Nlkjn wjbvjf`{f wngi kiw kf`nqjiw, wf liw kji nl cfwi`fqi z lf kjoi ?Gvjkn kf fl z {iki >8 ~vf kf cnw bnw{nqfw, zi, n cj qfbqfwi, {f lixnbnqf %Gvnl kf fw{iw {qfw {f xnqfff ~vf dvf fl xqiojci kfl ~vfgnzi f`{qf wnl{fnkiqfw9 Fl ~vf vw4 gi` fl kf cjwfqjgiqkjn, qfwxi`#

J.>


19/25

7;; ]ovljiL LI[I ALN@GIkjfqi`#xvfw iaqnk nws tiwi{qiw z wfqfjw wnltiw %Wn` Lvgnw, U,78 nl 72*.]^vf lfoiw fw{n`, fw tfqknk, liw evcnìw kf lJftnq n ln xqng{jgnln tfqknkfqn dqn{fq`jknk.#fwn dqn{fq`jknk ~vf kfwxqfgjn`ki dqi`#{fqnw, gnw{nw, gqfkiw 8 giliqfw, enbn ~vf {ikiw liw eicaqfw wfgi`wjkfqf` gici vì wili, gici xnq{f ~vf wi` kf v`n cjwcntjkn Xqvfan kf flli fw ln dqn{fq`jknk v`jtfqwnl ~vf en qfwvl{nkikf `vfw{qn gjtjljngji` cikfq` n ~vf, gici kjgf Nq`nlki Cn{fiw,fw{ n n ln tjw{n f` liw fofqgj{iw f` xjf kf bvfqqn fujw{f`{fw f`Fvqixn, f` ki`kf cvofqfw z `j`fw, ljwjnkiw f j`tnljkiw, en` kf{qnanonq z ciqjqwf kf encaqf xnqn cn`{f`fq n eicaqfw qiavw{iwwj` fcxlfi fwxfgjnl, ~vf lfw xqi{fon` gi`{qn v`n tjwj{ n kf wvwefqcnìw kf cnw nljn kf lnw dqi`{fqnwKjgf Tjg{iq Evbi ~vf lnw v{ixjnw kf eiz wi` lnw qfnljknkfw kfcn`n`n= ]~vjf` wnaf wj lnw nwxjqngji`fw v{ixjgnw kf dqn{fq`jknk~vf eiz {jf`f` liw evcnìw, wf gi`tfq{jqn` f` qfnljknk f` v`cn n n lfonì.Nlbi wf en gi`wfbvjki nl xf`wnq f` flli ? #Wjfcaqn v` xf`wn#cjf`{i z qfgibfqnw v` nèfli= wjfcaqn v` nèfli z giwfgenqnwv` efgei= wjfcaqn v` efgei z libqnqnw v` enaj{i= wjfcaqn vènaj{i z diqq`nqnw v` gnqng{fq= wjfcaqn v` gnqng{fq z qfgibfqnwv` Kfw{ j i , kjgf Ccf Alntn{wmz z gi` flln ìwi{qiw

FVBF@JI T I{qt NQFW WN@GEF_

XN_ J@[FQ@N

KFWKF ln gv`n nl wfxvlgqi fw fl eicaqf v`n xfqf``fj {fqqibngj4` f` cnqgen Gvn`{i cnw xf`f{qn ln lv kf ln qni` f` wv gfqfaqi{n`{i cnw wf wjf`{f j`tnkjki xiq fl ndn` kf fwgqv{nq lnw qfbji?`fw kf > 8 j`tjwjalf, ~vf fl cjgqiwgixji lf tn engjf`ki tjwjalf"z liw ncxljiw eiqji`{fw naw{qng{iw, ~vf Jf cvfw{qn gici fàqvcnw ln cf{ndjwjgn, z ~vf fl ~vjfqf n{qnfq gi` dvfqnw kf {j{n`nl qfkvgjki gncxi j`tfw{jbnkiq kf wv gjf`gjn djwjgn Zn ì Jf wn{jwdngf fl `nqg4{jgi kf ln df `j cvgei cfìw flbqjllf{f kfl kibcn Wf zfqbvf wiaqf ln gvwxjkf kf wv cv`ki f`wv xf~vf`f n{4cjgn, gici v` qnzi kf lv ~vf wf wvcn n lnwxqizfggji fw lvcj jgnw kfl j naiqknalf Giwciw Z gi` fwf qnzj{i kf lv, lnaiqn gici ln nafon gi`w{qvzf

gici fl gnw{iq Z avwgn`ki gnxnqni`fw cnqjìw z nfqfiw, nvwgvJ{n liw igfn#ìw, fwgvkqj`n lnw nl{vqnw z wf wjf`{f gi` tfq{jbiw kf wfcjkjiw Z wf kjgf wnaji f` wv wnajkvqdn qfln{jtn,#~vf ì fw cnziq~vf ln kf ln nafon f` wv gilcf`n z ln kfl gnw{iq f` fl qfcn` wi Ykf`{qi kf lnw xiwjajljknkfw ~vf wv iqbn`jwci lf aqj`kn, nlln "f`lnw Jvgvaqngji`fw j`{f`wjtnw ~vf engf` kf fl v` cjgqigiwciw?xnljki qfdlfoi kf ln bqn`kjiwjknk kfl WFQ Gvn`ki gn`{n fl ntf %ì fwgvgenqn ln wfltn fl qj{ci kf wvgn`{i gici ln cfoiq xifwjn kf ln Gqfngji`0 Z fl eicaqf wf kjgfxif{n Gvn`ki ngixjn ln eiqcjbn fl wvw{f`{i xnqn fl j`tjfqì %ì ln

wf`{jqn ln cnkqf [jfqqn gici ln wj`{fwjw kf ln xqftjwji`) Z fleicaqf wf gqff xqftjwiq Gvn`ki ln nafon cilkfn ln wjcf{qjn kf wv gilcf`n %ì wfcjqnqn n W> cjwcn gici ln wilvgji` tjtjf`{f kf nlbv` xqialfcnbficf{qjgi9 %@i cfkjqn fl nbvjln gi` wvw nlnw fl gncjì qfgiqqjki, f` v`ngici j`{vjgji` kf ln cn{fcn{jgn v`jtfqwnl9 jZ `j ln nafon `j fl nbvjln en` jki, gici fl eicaqf, n ln fwgvf#ln n xqng{jgnq lnw gicaj`ngji`fw kfl cjq`fqi `j lnw xqixqigji`fwkf ln lj`fn f` fl nwxfg{i {qjkjcf`wji`nl kf `vfw{qn gjf`gjn ev#cn n. g?Kicj`nqn` ngnwi, n~vfllnw, nlbv`n kjcf`wji` wvxfqjiq n ln


20/25

7; 4 ]OvljiL LI[I ALN@GI`vfw{qn, ~vf lfw enbn dng{jalf qfwiltfq gi` wv xqixji gvfqxi > 8~vf n ìwi{qiw ìw `jfbn `vfw{qn gi`w{j{vgj4` djwjgn9 Fl nbvjln cjkf gi` wvw nlnw ln nafon cilkfn gi` wv diqcn Z `vfw{qn xiaqf wnajkvqdn evcn`n gi`djqq`n f`{i`gfw, v`ntf cnw, ln tjfon fuxqfwji` ? w4>8 wf ~vf ì wf `nkn# Xiq~vf pkf ~vf ìw wjqtf {ikn ln cnqntjlln kf {ikn `vfw{qnf`gjglixfkjn, nqqn`gnkn nl kftf`jq kf liw wjbliw ~vf fwgnwncf`{fqfgiqknciw9 pKf ~vf ìw tnlf` {ikiw liw xiq{f`{iwiw kfwgvaqj#cjf`{iw bfqcj`nkiw f` fl gfqfaqi kfl eicaqf9 pKf ~`f, {ikiwliw iqbn`jwc iw gi` kjtfqwjknk kf {j{vliw, ln wn{jwdnggj4` kf kig{iwz ln j`gicxqf`wji` kf jb`nqiw wj gi` {iki flli ì wiciw gnxn#gfw kf qfwiltfq fl bqn` xialfcn kfl kiliq evcnì9 ]Qfwxi k n liw wnajiw qfwxi kn` liw wigjilibiw. oQfwxi kn` lnw qfljbji`fw, , lnw gjf`gjnw lnw nq{fw lnw djliwidjnw. ]Nlcn kf ntf, ~vf qj{cnw f` ln wfltn v` gn`{i kf xifwjn ~vfengf xnl x j{nq ln wntjn gi` cnw dvfqn f` ln f`{qn`n kf ln xln`{nz f` fl gnlj "kf lndliq Kjcf %Wjf`{fw {v, {nqàjf`, liw kiliqfwkf ln tjkn f` ngfgei9 pNbvjln nafon gnw{iq z eiqcjbn ~vf cfkjw, wj` j`w{qv#cf`{iw, z gi`w{qvdw wj` qfblnw bficf{qjgnw, z bvnqknjw wj` ìgji#`fw kf fgiìcjn kfgjkcf ? pwf`{jw {ncajf` tiwi{qiw fl kiliq kfln tjkn ~vf {iq{vqn n liw eicaqfw9 ]@iS Tiwi{qiw ì wvdqjw `j {fcfjw nln tjkn`jnlncvfq{f Tiwi{qiw ì {f`fjw fl gi`gfx{i kf lnw gqff`gjnw evcn`nw Tiwi{qiw tjtjw dfljgfw gici fwn lfbf`knqjn fknk kf iqi f` ~vffl eicaqf enaj{nan wv xnqnjwi xfqkjki F` fwn fknk kf iqi kfln evcn`jknk, ~vf ì fw cnw ~vf fl wjcaili kf ln ai`knk z lnwf gjllf ftn`bfljgn Tiwi{qiw ~vf {f`fjw jbvnlcf`{f tvfw{qi lf`bvnof kf gn`gji`fwz cvqcvlliw, wj` wnafq kf f`gjglixfkjnw `j kf gnlgvliw tjtjwkjgeiwiw xiq~vf wf`{jw > 8 ~vf xif i w eicaqfw wnaf` wf`{jq f` ln[jfqqn? liw j`fdnalfw kflj~vjiw kf ln XN_ J@[FQ@N

DFLJXF C . AIJWWF[Ljcn %Xfqv*

CNB@[email protected] ~vf {f dn{jbvfw, wjbvf {qnanon`ki?Nv ~vf {f nqqvj fw, wjbvf xqikjbn`kp=Nv`~vf {f pi`wllcnw, wjbvf jlvcj n`ki=Nv ~vf {f j`giq`xqf`kn`, ncn wj gfwnqKn{f n {iki fl q`v`ki, kn{f wj qikfiw"Xjfknk z lnqbvfn wfn` {vw {qidfiw? "Xqikvgjq afl lfn wf n {vw kfwfiw "[vw ndn fw wfn` gi`{f {i jqqnkjnqCvftf liw xfwnqfw kf {ikn gnafn=Xi f` {iki xfgei nlbi kf {fq fn?Tf idqf kn`ki wjfcxqf lv z diq{nl"fn=@i {f gn wfw `v gn kf wfq dqn{fq nl Qfgjajq evcjlln, z knq wn{jwdngf=FJ kiliq nofì kiljf {fw ìw engf?Ln kjgen cnw gjfq{n z ~vf cnw gicxlngfFw xl n {nq ln kjgen f {qf liw kfq`nw, "@i {f xi bnw {qjw{f n {f lnw xf vqjnw?@i {f wiljtjn {fw dqf {f n lnw j ovqjnw=Z ì {f ngianqkfw, nv ~vf gjf`cjldvqjnwLnw fwdfqnw {iknw enbn {qfxjknqWj ln xf n tjf f, ì xikqnw cfqcnqlnGi` `fgjiw {fciqfw, wj i dicf {nqln?Wj ln cvfq{f qi kn, ì enw kf qfgenpqlnXiq cvgei ~vf Jlfbvfw n bjci{fnqEnw{n f` liw fqjnlfw fgen {vw wfq`jllnw?Enw{n gi` liw cnliw diqcn {vw bntjllnp"Kfw{qvzf xfwnqfw, ikjiw z qf`gjllnw "N bilxfw kf qjwn, xfqk4` z ai knk"Qfwjw{f z qfwjw{f, ~vf ln qfwjw{f gjnFw v n wvaljcf z fu~vjwj{n gjf gjn?Qfwjw{f z qfwjw{f lJfì kf gi gjf g"jn^vf wj qfwjw{jfwfw, nl d j tf`gfq nw, "Wi qjf wj xjfqkfw, wi kf wjbn nw,Wi qjf wj wvdqfw, wi qjf wj ndn nwWi qjf wj ì{nw ~vf {f wnl f gn npWi`kf n ln aqjwn j n ln {fcxfw{nk "Xfqi nl knq, ì jbìqfw ~vf, cnw ~vf fl kj`fqiTnlf` liw xfqdvcfw kf v` nciq wj`gfqf? "V`n ti kf nljtji fw ki` cnw gfq{fqi !^vf {iki xi{j bvf, oizn 8 kj`fqnl,Naqf {vw f {qnd{nw, cnw ~vf {v ailwjlli?Kn{f kvlgfcf`{f, kf ciki wf gj lli= ,Ncn gi` tfefcf`gjn, wj xiq`xn `j aqjlli=Kn{f gici v` bf ji kf giqkjnljknk

o C. ALN_^VF_ KF XFKQI


21/25

Fl x iqt f` jq k f ln [fiwi djn gi c xqi c f{jk ix iq ln Wi gjfk nk [fiwi djgn

V@ bqvxi kf ncjbiw %~vf efciw fcxfnki xiq wfq ncjbiwxnqn llfbnq n wfq efqcnìw* n gvzn gnafn djbvqnK Cnqji Qiwi kf Lv`n, z ~vf {f`fciw xiq wnbqnkienaj{i qfv jqìw liw ovftfw xiq ln {nqkf f` fl gndf kf Bjo4 , kfCnkqjk, diqcn ki v n nkcjqnalf z nqqì`jgn xf`n, ~vf zn en {qnw#gf`kjki nl xvaljgi, z f` ln ~vf oncnw wf en giìgjki v`n kfwn#tf`f`gjn j v` wf {jcjf {i kf f`fcjw{nk v ikji, diqcn`ki nwj fltfqknkfqi `vglfi kf dqn{fq jknk v jtfqwnl n ~vf nwxjqn fl xqjcfqiaof{i kf ln W [, ìw f`gnwjllnciw {jfcxi en f` kjgen {fq{vljn,gvnl fl gnqngil f` wv gi`gen, gici kfdf wn z qfdvbji kf ln xvqfnkf `vfw{qi wf {jcjf {i {fiwidjgi, gi {qn liw tjf {iw kf cfwjn jw#ciw, jblfwjnw ljafqnlfw z qfljbji fw v jtfqwnlfw ~vf ancailfnankfwkf Nkznq liw gjcjf {iw kf ln Wigjfknk [fiwidjgnF` v` xqj`gjxji ix{nciw xiq gnllnq z fwxfqnq ~vf fl evqngn`

nqqn`gnqn kf gvnoi lnw qncnw z qf{idjiw ~vf ì {f jn gi`gjf gjnkfl {qi`gi z cfìw kf ln qnj {fiwidjgn Z lftn {nciw f` ln cfwnkfl gndf kf Bjo4` ln an`kfqn kf ln [fiwidjn xiq fl ljaqf Xf`wn#cjf`{i, Z {iki

loto blanco julio 1930

Documents