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MINING ACTIVITY AND ENVIRONMENT

1.- INTRODUCTION

The mining activity, as the most part of the activities done by man for their

livelihood, make changes in the natural environment, from the most subtle until thechanges that at the same time representing clear impacts on the environment in

which they develop.

To my mind The Man is altering the environment since has been able to do it, but

certainly the abuses in the field have a more awareness of the necessity to

regulate these impacts. Another point to note is that the mining is infinitely less

pollutant than other industrial activities, as development of civil works (visual

impact, modification of the original media) and agriculture (massive use of

chemical pesticides, fertilizers).

2.- THEORICAL FRAMEWORK

The environmental impact of the mining activity is the difference between the

situation of the environment before carrying out the activity, and during or after of

the activity. Besides The assessment of This impact is the quantification of these

differences, through the realization of multidisciplinary studies provided that will

seek identify, predict and prevent the consequences or environmental effects of the

mining.

on the other hand, we must have to account that the mining activity dont only

produces an environmental impact, That is to say, over the environment. Alsoproduces a socioeconomic impact, That is to say, a change about the modes of

life and the economy of the region in which is implanted, but That however can be

positive in some cases and in others negative.

The Impact That the mining produces from the point of environmental view can be

classified in many different ways:

according was a direct or indirect impact on the environment.

according was in short or long term

according if it is reversible or irreversible (human scale) according if it is local or external

avoidable or inevitable

on the other hand, according to the aspects of the environment that change can

be

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Actions that modify the use of the land

Actions that involve the emission of pollutants (solids, liquids, gases and

other: noise, airblast)

Actions that involve the overexploitation of resources (water) Actions that involve the modification of the landscape (almost all)

Actions that affect infrastructure

Actions that change the social environment, economic and cultural

(economic impact).

Also, according the place in which produces we can consider the impact during the

installation phase, during the operational phase, and the impact during the

abandonment or cessation of operation.

Always It is of great interest define, within the general scope of the operation, the

different actions that produce impact from a to z (shocking actions: excavation,

blasting, gaseous and liquid effluents, building of roads, etc..), so as set overthat

specific aspects of the environment it development every impact (impacted factors:

vegetation, fauna, landscape).

3. - CONCLUSIONS

1. Mining remains the principal productive activity within the national economy,

as well as being the item that attracts more foreign investment.

2. The Actions that produces the mining activity to the environment can be

reduced3. The magnitude of the environmental impact measures in the diference

between the situation of the environment before carrying out the activity,

and during or after of the activity.

4. - SUGESTIONS

1. Avoid the sooner the better possible errors and environmental degradation

caused during the extraction process whose future correction maybe would

has an alto cost

2. Provide integrated information about the impacts of our activities on theenvironment.

3. Integrating the various public organisms and private that have some grade

of responsibility for decisions that affect the environment.