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40
Inglés. Bloque 10. Hablar, escuchar, conversar, leer y escribir. Bloque 11. Análisis y reflexión sobre la lengua. Bloque 12. Aspectos socioculturales y consciencia sociocultural. Módulo 4 1

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Ingleacutes

Bloque 10 Hablar escuchar conversar leer y escribirBloque 11 Anaacutelisis y reflexioacuten sobre la lenguaBloque 12 Aspectos socioculturales y consciencia sociocultural

Moacutedulo 4

1

Bloque 10 Tema 1Future plans

Futuro con ldquoWILLrdquoldquoWILLrdquo entre otros pertenece al grupo de los verbos modales que tienen unas caracteriacutesticas muy peculiares que ya veraacutes son faacuteciles de recordarCaracteriacutesticas de los verbos modales- son verbos auxiliares (es decir no pueden ir nunca solos)- no tienen significado (por eso mismo no pueden ir nunca solos)- siempre acompantildean a un verbo principal (que seraacute quien lleve el significado)- son invariables (es decir no antildeaden ldquondashsrdquo en 3ordf persona de singular ndash he etc)- siempre van seguidos de infinitivo sin ldquotordquo Es decir- no antildeade ldquo-srdquo de 3ordf persona singular- no antildeade ldquo-ingrdquo- no antildeade ldquo-edrdquo de pasado si es regular-no se pone en pasado simple (segunda columna) si es irregular- no lleva ldquotordquo delante- tampoco va seguido nunca de ldquotordquo6FUTURO con ldquoWILLrdquoEstructura del verboWILL + infinitivo sin ldquoTOrdquo rarr WILL LISTEN WILL PLAY WILL GO He She It no antildeaden ndashs rarr She WILL LISTEN He WILL PLAYRecuerda que el verbo principal que va en infinitivo sin ldquoTOrdquo es el que lleva el significado(+)SUJETO + WILL + VERBO PRINCIPAL + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI will visit you tomorrowrdquo o ldquoIrsquoll visit you tomorrowrdquo

2

Ej2 ldquoThomas will help you tonightrdquo o ldquoTomrsquoll help you tonightrdquoEj3 ldquoThey will come on holiday with usrdquo o ldquoTheyrsquoll comehelliprdquo(ndash)SUJETO + WILL + NOT + VERBO PRINCIPAL + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI will not visit you tomorrowrdquo o ldquoI wonrsquot visit you tomorrowrdquoEj2 ldquoThomas will not help you tonightrdquo o ldquoHe wonrsquot help youhelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey will come on holiday with usrdquo o ldquoThey wonrsquothelliprdquoEstructura de la oracioacuten()WILL + SUJETO + VERBO PRINCIPAL + COMPLEMENTOS + Ej1 ldquoWill you visit me tomorrowrdquoEj2 ldquoWill Thomas help you tonightrdquoEj3 ldquoWill they come on holiday with usrdquo

USOS DE WILL- Decisiones de futuro sin planificar decididas en el momento de hablarA ldquoLook there is a concert of U2 next JulyrdquoB ldquoI will go I love U2rdquo- Predicciones ldquoIt will rain next Sundayrdquo-Promesas ldquoI will love you foreverrdquo

Expresiones de tiempoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos EjemplosTonight TomorrowNext Sunday Next weekend Next summer Next year etc

EJERCICIOS

1 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en futuro Usa WILL

1 It helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) in the north-west tomorrow

3

2 My friend (be) 12 next Monday

3 I (have) a word with you

4 She (contact) her boss next week

5 You (get) this job

6They (arrive) at about 6 pm

7 The teacher helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ( explain) this exercise

8 He (drop) the bottle of water

2 Pon las cuatro primeras frases del ejercicio 1 en forma negativa

1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Pon las cuatro uacuteltimas frases del ejercicio 1 en forma interrogativa

1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4

2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 Pon las palabras en el orden correcto para formar frases

1 motorcycleyouabuywill

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 coldwilleveningitbeinthe

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 visitHelenItaly this summerwonrsquot

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 Londontheyinwillbetomorrow

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 Ia millionairebewill

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5

Futuro con ldquoGoing tordquoFUTURO con ldquoGOING TOrdquoEstructura del verboPRESENTE VERBO TO BE + GOING TO + VERBO PRINCIPAL (INF Oslash TO)Recuerda que el verbo To Be tenemos que adaptarlo al sujeto

Recuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + AM IS ARE + GOING TO + VERBO + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI am going to buy a car next yearrdquo

Ej2 ldquoShe is going to have a baby next winterrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey are going to get married next Julyrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + AM IS ARE + NOT + GOING TO + VERBO + COMPLEj1 ldquoI am not going to buy a car next yearrdquo o ldquoIrsquom not going tohelliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoShe is not going to have a baby next winterrdquo o ldquoShersquos notrdquoEj3 ldquoThey are not going to get married next Julyrdquo o ldquoThey arenrsquotrdquoEstructura de la oracioacuten() AM IS ARE + SUJETO + GOING TO + VERBO+ COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoAre you going to buy a car next yearrdquo

Ej2 ldquoIs she going to have a baby next winterrdquo

Ej3 ldquoAre they going to get married next Julyrdquo

USOS Intencioacuten (planes) ldquoI am going to buy a car next yearrdquo

6

(I am saving money to buy a car next yearrdquo

ldquoShe is going to have a baby next winterrdquo

(She is pregnant)

Certeza (estamos seguros de algo)ldquoI am going to pass the examrdquo

(I am studying a lot and I am sure of it)

Futuro inmediato ldquoI am going to sleep now Good nightrdquo

Expresiones de tiempoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los

complementos Ejemplos

Tonight Tomorrow

Next Sunday Next weekend Next summer Next year etc

EJERCICIOS

1 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en futuro Usa Be going to

1) He helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis friend (phone)

2) We helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa new computer game

(play)

3) My sister helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipTV

(watch)

4) We helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa T-shirt

(notbuy)

5) Jane helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto the office

(go)

6) They helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto the bus stop this

afternoon (walk)

7) You helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner (notprepare)

8) His brother helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa letter to his uncle

today (write)

7

9) She helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher aunt (visit)

10) I helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipmy homework after school

(do)

2 Lee las frases y explica queacute van a hacer Usa Be going to y los siguientes verbos

Go to sleep play football study go to the beach clean

1 Helen likes swimming

2 My car is dirty

3 Helen is tired

4 The students have a test

5 We are bored

3 Pon las palabras en el orden correcto para hacer oraciones interrogativas

1 visit you to are the museum going

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 cook is to ken dinner tonight going

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 to going are work they tomorrow

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 the city she is going tour to

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 they to are going at the pub meet

8

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres interrogativos

Los pronombres interrogativos nos sirven para hacer preguntas maacutes concretasCuando no nos vale que nos respondan con un ldquosiacuterdquo o un ldquonordquo cuando queremos datos concretos debemos utilizar los pronombres interrogativos para centrar nuestras preguntas y que nos respondan exactamente lo que queremos saberLos pronombres interrogativos ocupan el primer puesto en las preguntas incluso por delante del verbo auxiliar La estructura de una pregunta en general seriacutea la siguiente

PRONOMBRE INTERROGATIVO AUXILIAR SUJETO VERBO COMPLEMENTOSWhat are you doing nowWhere does he liveWhy did she break the windowWhen will you come

Como ves esta estructura sirve para cualquier tiempo verbal

A) Pronombres maacutes utilizados

-WhyhellipiquestPor queacutehellipWhy are you happy Because I am going to a concert tonight

-Wherehellip iquestDoacutendehellipWhere do you live I live in Ciudad Real

Where is your mobile phone Itrsquos on the table

-Whenhellip iquestCuaacutendohellipWhen is Meganrsquos birthday Itrsquos in September

When were you born I was born on March 12th

-Whathellip iquestQueacutehellip What is your name My name is Steve-Whohellip iquestQuieacutenhellipWho is that woman Oh shersquos Emilyrsquos sister-Howhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCoacutemohellip How is Susan after the accident Shersquos fineHow did you come here I came here by bus

9

-WhichhellipiquestQueacutehellip iquestCuaacutelhellipWhich colour do you prefer RedWhich film do you want to see I want to see Grease-Whosehellip iquestDe quieacutenhellip Whose coat is this Itrsquos Susanrsquos-How longiquestCuaacutento tiempohellip iquestDesde hace cuaacutendohellipHow long have you lived in York Since 1993

How long have you studied English For eight years-How oftenhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCada cuaacutentohellip iquestCon queacute frecuenciahellipHow often do you go out at night Every weekendHow often do you travel to Argentina Once a year-How farhellip iquestA queacute distanciahellip How far is Toledo Itrsquost 85 km -How muchhellip Cosas incontables (liacutequidos tiempo dineroetc)hellipiquestCuaacutento CuaacutentahellipHow much milk do you need Half a litre

How much are these shoes please euro 35

-How manyhellip Cosas contables iquestCuaacutentos CuaacutentashellipHow many people are coming for dinner 3 peopleHow many books did you read last year More than 20

EJERCICIOS

1 Emplea lsquowhorsquo lsquowhosersquo lsquowhatrsquo o lsquowhichrsquo en los siguientes frasesa) lsquo____________time is itrsquo lsquoItrsquos half past threersquob) lsquo________________ jacket is thisrsquo lsquoItrsquos minersquoc) lsquoIrsquove got chocolate ice cream and vanilla ice cream ________________ do youpreferrsquod) lsquo______________ is that man with your wifersquo lsquoItrsquos her bossrsquoe) lsquo_________________ did you sayrsquo lsquoI didnrsquot say anythingrsquo

2 Completa con How much or How many___________birds are there There are two birds

10

___________money is there There are three thousand dollars______________dolphins are there There are two dolphins_____________ pencils are there There are thirteen pencils_________________ books are there There are three books______________milk is there There are four litres of milk

3 Completa con What Where Why When How

1) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you like best

2) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Bill get up in the morning

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdont you go by bus Max

4) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphobbies does Andrew have

5) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo they go to every week

6) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipold is Mike

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis Susans birthday

8) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare my exercise books

9) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare you doing at the moment Sally

1 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan I get a newspaper You can get it at Park Street

2 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis your best friend Its Paul

3 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Nick live He lives in Boston

4 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcolour is your new bike Its blue

5 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you collect I collect stamps

6 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan help me I can

7 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwas your first word as a baby I dont know

8 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born On May 21st

1 Completa con Who What When Where How Which

11

9 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born I was born in Manchester

10 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you doing last Sunday I was sailing

Verbos modales

Caracteriacutesticas generales de los verbos modalesbull son auxiliares (es decir forman negativa interrogativa y no pueden ir solos)

bull no tienen significado (por eso mismo no pueden ir nunca solos)

bull siempre acompantildean a un verbo principal (que seraacute quien lleve el significado)

bull son invariables (es decir no antildeaden ldquondashsrdquo en 3ordf persona de singular)

bull no tienen tiempo verbal (excepto ldquocanrdquo y su equivalente ldquocouldrdquo en pasado)

bull siempre van seguidos de infinitivo sin ldquotordquo Es decir

o NO antildeade ldquo-srdquo de 3ordf persona singular

o NO antildeade ldquo-ingrdquo

o NO antildeade ldquo-edrdquo de pasado si es regular

o NO se pone en pasado simple (segunda columna) si es irregular

o NO lleva ldquotordquo delanteo TAMPOCO va seguido nunca de ldquotordquo

MUST (obligacioacuten)Usos

- Obligaciones requisitos externosldquoYou must have a driving licence to work hererdquoDebes tener carnet de conducir para trabajar aquiacute rarr Si no lo tienes no puedestrabajar

-Obligaciones que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoI must studyrdquo ldquoDebo estudiarrdquo rarrEs una obligacioacuten que me pongo yo mismoa

iexcliexcliexclΘJΘ La negativa de ldquoMUSTrdquo no indica ausencia de obligacioacuten o lo que es lo mismo no niega la negacioacuten no la quita ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo se utiliza para hacer

12

prohibiciones

UsosProhibiciones de todo tipo tanto normas oficiales como internas que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoYou mustnrsquot smoke in the officerdquo Estaacute prohibido fumar en la oficina Si lo haces

incumples la norma te metes en un liacuteo

SHOULD (consejos recomendaciones)UsosRecomendaciones You should speak Japaneserdquo Deberiacuteas hablar japoneacutes rarr Si no hablas no pasa nada

Consejos que damos para mejorar la situacioacuten de alguien

You are tired ldquoYou should sleeprdquo Estaacutes cansado rarr Deberiacuteas irte a dormir

You smoke a lot ldquoYou shouldnrsquot smokerdquo Fumas demasiado rarr No deberiacuteas fumar

CAN (habilidad permiso informal posibilidad)

Usos

HABILIDAD capacidades facilidades o conocimientos que tenemos para hacer cosas

ldquoIsabel can speak GermanrdquoLisa puede hablar alemaacuten rarr Lo ha aprendido es algo que sabe hacer

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono informal si conocemos a la otra persona

ldquoCan I go homerdquoiquestPuedo irme a casa rarr Pides permisoldquoSorry you canrsquot go home nowrdquo Lo siento no puedes irte a casa

13

MAY (probabilidad permiso formal)UsosPROBABILIDAD de que algo que no es seguro ocurra

ldquoYou may get the jobrdquo Puede que consigas el trabajo rarr No es seguro pero puedes conseguirlo

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono formal si no conocemos a la otra persona o no tenemos confianza con ellaldquoMay I come inrdquoiquestPuedo pasar rarr A una oficina por ejemploldquoMay I use the phonerdquo iquestPuedo utilizar el teleacutefono rarr No tienes confianza no sabes si te dejaraacuten utilizarlo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa con CAN MUST MUSTNrsquoT1 In France you __________ ride a moped at the age of 142 You ________ be 18 to have a driving licence3 You ________ drive fast4 Young drivers ________have an A-sticker on their cars

2 Completa con MUST o MUSTNrsquoT

1) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip brush your teeth three times a day

2) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip forget to do your homework regularly

3) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip wear warm clothes when it is cold outside

4) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip chew gum in class

5) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip study hard if you want to pass your exams

6) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip play football in the classroom

7) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip listen to your teacher very carefully

8) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip be rude to your grandparents

9) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip go to the dentists twice a year

10) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip stay in bed when you are ill

14

3 Elige el verbo correcto

1 __________ you tell me the way to the nearest bank (COULD MUST)

2 We __________ hurry - were late (CAN MUST)

3 You ________ give up smoking Its bad for your health (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

4 Matrix is a wonderful film You _________ watch it (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

5 _________ you help me with this exercise (MAY CAN)

6 Stephen Kings latest book is great I _________ read it (CAN MUST)

7 Mary ________ respect her parents (CAN SHOULD)

8 Look at Peters car He_________be very rich (MUST SHOULD)

9 You ________ drive so fast - its very dangerous (MUSTNT SHOULD)

10 Shall we phone Mary now --- I dont know Its early She ________ not

be home from work yet (CAN MAY)

11 We ________ leave the door open - the rain will come in (CAN

MUSTNT)

12 She looks pretty sick - I think she ________ go to a doctor (can should)

13 Youve been driving all day - You ________ be exhausted (must should)

14 Hey Im lost - ________ you help me (Should Can)

15 You have such a beautiful voice - You ________ sing for us (should

can)

16 I know he speaks five languages but ________ he speak Arabic

(should can)

4 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Meetread buy phone go help

1 We ____________ to the bank today We havenrsquot got any money

2 Shersquos a very interesting candidate You ____________ her

3 I didnrsquot phone Tim yesterday I ____________ him today

4 This is an excellent book You ____________ it

5 I have a very big problem You ____________ me

6 We ____________ some food We havenrsquot got anything for dinner

15

5 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be tell smoke use

1 This secret is very important You ____________ anyone

2 This is a public building You ____________ here

3 This interview is very important You ----------------late

4 You ____________ my car

6 Completa las frases con ldquoSHOULDrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be go read visit look wear

1 When you speak to the manager you ____________ at him

2 She looks tired She ____________ to bed

3 Everybody ____________ on time for the meeting

4 The cafeteria is very nice We ____________ it

5 When you are driving you ____________ a seat-belt

6 Itrsquos a very good book He ____________

Bloque 11 A la hora de estudiar el Pasado Simple veraacutes que hay dos tipos de verbos

a- regulares antildeaden ndashED a su forma base para hacer tanto su forma en pasado simple como para participio pasado Son ejemplos de verbos regularesPLAY STUDY WATCH TRAVEL NEED WANT etcb- irregulares tienen una forma distinta a la forma base tanto para pasado simple como para participio pasado que tendraacutes que estudiar Ejemplos de verbos irregulares BE GO DO SEE READ EAT WRITE etc

Algunos verbos regulares tienen que cambiar la grafiacutea antes de antildeadir ldquo-edrdquo para formar el pasado simple

16

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

Bloque 10 Tema 1Future plans

Futuro con ldquoWILLrdquoldquoWILLrdquo entre otros pertenece al grupo de los verbos modales que tienen unas caracteriacutesticas muy peculiares que ya veraacutes son faacuteciles de recordarCaracteriacutesticas de los verbos modales- son verbos auxiliares (es decir no pueden ir nunca solos)- no tienen significado (por eso mismo no pueden ir nunca solos)- siempre acompantildean a un verbo principal (que seraacute quien lleve el significado)- son invariables (es decir no antildeaden ldquondashsrdquo en 3ordf persona de singular ndash he etc)- siempre van seguidos de infinitivo sin ldquotordquo Es decir- no antildeade ldquo-srdquo de 3ordf persona singular- no antildeade ldquo-ingrdquo- no antildeade ldquo-edrdquo de pasado si es regular-no se pone en pasado simple (segunda columna) si es irregular- no lleva ldquotordquo delante- tampoco va seguido nunca de ldquotordquo6FUTURO con ldquoWILLrdquoEstructura del verboWILL + infinitivo sin ldquoTOrdquo rarr WILL LISTEN WILL PLAY WILL GO He She It no antildeaden ndashs rarr She WILL LISTEN He WILL PLAYRecuerda que el verbo principal que va en infinitivo sin ldquoTOrdquo es el que lleva el significado(+)SUJETO + WILL + VERBO PRINCIPAL + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI will visit you tomorrowrdquo o ldquoIrsquoll visit you tomorrowrdquo

2

Ej2 ldquoThomas will help you tonightrdquo o ldquoTomrsquoll help you tonightrdquoEj3 ldquoThey will come on holiday with usrdquo o ldquoTheyrsquoll comehelliprdquo(ndash)SUJETO + WILL + NOT + VERBO PRINCIPAL + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI will not visit you tomorrowrdquo o ldquoI wonrsquot visit you tomorrowrdquoEj2 ldquoThomas will not help you tonightrdquo o ldquoHe wonrsquot help youhelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey will come on holiday with usrdquo o ldquoThey wonrsquothelliprdquoEstructura de la oracioacuten()WILL + SUJETO + VERBO PRINCIPAL + COMPLEMENTOS + Ej1 ldquoWill you visit me tomorrowrdquoEj2 ldquoWill Thomas help you tonightrdquoEj3 ldquoWill they come on holiday with usrdquo

USOS DE WILL- Decisiones de futuro sin planificar decididas en el momento de hablarA ldquoLook there is a concert of U2 next JulyrdquoB ldquoI will go I love U2rdquo- Predicciones ldquoIt will rain next Sundayrdquo-Promesas ldquoI will love you foreverrdquo

Expresiones de tiempoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos EjemplosTonight TomorrowNext Sunday Next weekend Next summer Next year etc

EJERCICIOS

1 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en futuro Usa WILL

1 It helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) in the north-west tomorrow

3

2 My friend (be) 12 next Monday

3 I (have) a word with you

4 She (contact) her boss next week

5 You (get) this job

6They (arrive) at about 6 pm

7 The teacher helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ( explain) this exercise

8 He (drop) the bottle of water

2 Pon las cuatro primeras frases del ejercicio 1 en forma negativa

1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Pon las cuatro uacuteltimas frases del ejercicio 1 en forma interrogativa

1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4

2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 Pon las palabras en el orden correcto para formar frases

1 motorcycleyouabuywill

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 coldwilleveningitbeinthe

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 visitHelenItaly this summerwonrsquot

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 Londontheyinwillbetomorrow

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 Ia millionairebewill

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5

Futuro con ldquoGoing tordquoFUTURO con ldquoGOING TOrdquoEstructura del verboPRESENTE VERBO TO BE + GOING TO + VERBO PRINCIPAL (INF Oslash TO)Recuerda que el verbo To Be tenemos que adaptarlo al sujeto

Recuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + AM IS ARE + GOING TO + VERBO + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI am going to buy a car next yearrdquo

Ej2 ldquoShe is going to have a baby next winterrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey are going to get married next Julyrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + AM IS ARE + NOT + GOING TO + VERBO + COMPLEj1 ldquoI am not going to buy a car next yearrdquo o ldquoIrsquom not going tohelliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoShe is not going to have a baby next winterrdquo o ldquoShersquos notrdquoEj3 ldquoThey are not going to get married next Julyrdquo o ldquoThey arenrsquotrdquoEstructura de la oracioacuten() AM IS ARE + SUJETO + GOING TO + VERBO+ COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoAre you going to buy a car next yearrdquo

Ej2 ldquoIs she going to have a baby next winterrdquo

Ej3 ldquoAre they going to get married next Julyrdquo

USOS Intencioacuten (planes) ldquoI am going to buy a car next yearrdquo

6

(I am saving money to buy a car next yearrdquo

ldquoShe is going to have a baby next winterrdquo

(She is pregnant)

Certeza (estamos seguros de algo)ldquoI am going to pass the examrdquo

(I am studying a lot and I am sure of it)

Futuro inmediato ldquoI am going to sleep now Good nightrdquo

Expresiones de tiempoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los

complementos Ejemplos

Tonight Tomorrow

Next Sunday Next weekend Next summer Next year etc

EJERCICIOS

1 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en futuro Usa Be going to

1) He helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis friend (phone)

2) We helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa new computer game

(play)

3) My sister helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipTV

(watch)

4) We helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa T-shirt

(notbuy)

5) Jane helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto the office

(go)

6) They helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto the bus stop this

afternoon (walk)

7) You helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner (notprepare)

8) His brother helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa letter to his uncle

today (write)

7

9) She helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher aunt (visit)

10) I helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipmy homework after school

(do)

2 Lee las frases y explica queacute van a hacer Usa Be going to y los siguientes verbos

Go to sleep play football study go to the beach clean

1 Helen likes swimming

2 My car is dirty

3 Helen is tired

4 The students have a test

5 We are bored

3 Pon las palabras en el orden correcto para hacer oraciones interrogativas

1 visit you to are the museum going

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 cook is to ken dinner tonight going

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 to going are work they tomorrow

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 the city she is going tour to

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 they to are going at the pub meet

8

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres interrogativos

Los pronombres interrogativos nos sirven para hacer preguntas maacutes concretasCuando no nos vale que nos respondan con un ldquosiacuterdquo o un ldquonordquo cuando queremos datos concretos debemos utilizar los pronombres interrogativos para centrar nuestras preguntas y que nos respondan exactamente lo que queremos saberLos pronombres interrogativos ocupan el primer puesto en las preguntas incluso por delante del verbo auxiliar La estructura de una pregunta en general seriacutea la siguiente

PRONOMBRE INTERROGATIVO AUXILIAR SUJETO VERBO COMPLEMENTOSWhat are you doing nowWhere does he liveWhy did she break the windowWhen will you come

Como ves esta estructura sirve para cualquier tiempo verbal

A) Pronombres maacutes utilizados

-WhyhellipiquestPor queacutehellipWhy are you happy Because I am going to a concert tonight

-Wherehellip iquestDoacutendehellipWhere do you live I live in Ciudad Real

Where is your mobile phone Itrsquos on the table

-Whenhellip iquestCuaacutendohellipWhen is Meganrsquos birthday Itrsquos in September

When were you born I was born on March 12th

-Whathellip iquestQueacutehellip What is your name My name is Steve-Whohellip iquestQuieacutenhellipWho is that woman Oh shersquos Emilyrsquos sister-Howhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCoacutemohellip How is Susan after the accident Shersquos fineHow did you come here I came here by bus

9

-WhichhellipiquestQueacutehellip iquestCuaacutelhellipWhich colour do you prefer RedWhich film do you want to see I want to see Grease-Whosehellip iquestDe quieacutenhellip Whose coat is this Itrsquos Susanrsquos-How longiquestCuaacutento tiempohellip iquestDesde hace cuaacutendohellipHow long have you lived in York Since 1993

How long have you studied English For eight years-How oftenhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCada cuaacutentohellip iquestCon queacute frecuenciahellipHow often do you go out at night Every weekendHow often do you travel to Argentina Once a year-How farhellip iquestA queacute distanciahellip How far is Toledo Itrsquost 85 km -How muchhellip Cosas incontables (liacutequidos tiempo dineroetc)hellipiquestCuaacutento CuaacutentahellipHow much milk do you need Half a litre

How much are these shoes please euro 35

-How manyhellip Cosas contables iquestCuaacutentos CuaacutentashellipHow many people are coming for dinner 3 peopleHow many books did you read last year More than 20

EJERCICIOS

1 Emplea lsquowhorsquo lsquowhosersquo lsquowhatrsquo o lsquowhichrsquo en los siguientes frasesa) lsquo____________time is itrsquo lsquoItrsquos half past threersquob) lsquo________________ jacket is thisrsquo lsquoItrsquos minersquoc) lsquoIrsquove got chocolate ice cream and vanilla ice cream ________________ do youpreferrsquod) lsquo______________ is that man with your wifersquo lsquoItrsquos her bossrsquoe) lsquo_________________ did you sayrsquo lsquoI didnrsquot say anythingrsquo

2 Completa con How much or How many___________birds are there There are two birds

10

___________money is there There are three thousand dollars______________dolphins are there There are two dolphins_____________ pencils are there There are thirteen pencils_________________ books are there There are three books______________milk is there There are four litres of milk

3 Completa con What Where Why When How

1) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you like best

2) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Bill get up in the morning

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdont you go by bus Max

4) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphobbies does Andrew have

5) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo they go to every week

6) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipold is Mike

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis Susans birthday

8) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare my exercise books

9) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare you doing at the moment Sally

1 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan I get a newspaper You can get it at Park Street

2 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis your best friend Its Paul

3 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Nick live He lives in Boston

4 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcolour is your new bike Its blue

5 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you collect I collect stamps

6 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan help me I can

7 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwas your first word as a baby I dont know

8 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born On May 21st

1 Completa con Who What When Where How Which

11

9 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born I was born in Manchester

10 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you doing last Sunday I was sailing

Verbos modales

Caracteriacutesticas generales de los verbos modalesbull son auxiliares (es decir forman negativa interrogativa y no pueden ir solos)

bull no tienen significado (por eso mismo no pueden ir nunca solos)

bull siempre acompantildean a un verbo principal (que seraacute quien lleve el significado)

bull son invariables (es decir no antildeaden ldquondashsrdquo en 3ordf persona de singular)

bull no tienen tiempo verbal (excepto ldquocanrdquo y su equivalente ldquocouldrdquo en pasado)

bull siempre van seguidos de infinitivo sin ldquotordquo Es decir

o NO antildeade ldquo-srdquo de 3ordf persona singular

o NO antildeade ldquo-ingrdquo

o NO antildeade ldquo-edrdquo de pasado si es regular

o NO se pone en pasado simple (segunda columna) si es irregular

o NO lleva ldquotordquo delanteo TAMPOCO va seguido nunca de ldquotordquo

MUST (obligacioacuten)Usos

- Obligaciones requisitos externosldquoYou must have a driving licence to work hererdquoDebes tener carnet de conducir para trabajar aquiacute rarr Si no lo tienes no puedestrabajar

-Obligaciones que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoI must studyrdquo ldquoDebo estudiarrdquo rarrEs una obligacioacuten que me pongo yo mismoa

iexcliexcliexclΘJΘ La negativa de ldquoMUSTrdquo no indica ausencia de obligacioacuten o lo que es lo mismo no niega la negacioacuten no la quita ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo se utiliza para hacer

12

prohibiciones

UsosProhibiciones de todo tipo tanto normas oficiales como internas que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoYou mustnrsquot smoke in the officerdquo Estaacute prohibido fumar en la oficina Si lo haces

incumples la norma te metes en un liacuteo

SHOULD (consejos recomendaciones)UsosRecomendaciones You should speak Japaneserdquo Deberiacuteas hablar japoneacutes rarr Si no hablas no pasa nada

Consejos que damos para mejorar la situacioacuten de alguien

You are tired ldquoYou should sleeprdquo Estaacutes cansado rarr Deberiacuteas irte a dormir

You smoke a lot ldquoYou shouldnrsquot smokerdquo Fumas demasiado rarr No deberiacuteas fumar

CAN (habilidad permiso informal posibilidad)

Usos

HABILIDAD capacidades facilidades o conocimientos que tenemos para hacer cosas

ldquoIsabel can speak GermanrdquoLisa puede hablar alemaacuten rarr Lo ha aprendido es algo que sabe hacer

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono informal si conocemos a la otra persona

ldquoCan I go homerdquoiquestPuedo irme a casa rarr Pides permisoldquoSorry you canrsquot go home nowrdquo Lo siento no puedes irte a casa

13

MAY (probabilidad permiso formal)UsosPROBABILIDAD de que algo que no es seguro ocurra

ldquoYou may get the jobrdquo Puede que consigas el trabajo rarr No es seguro pero puedes conseguirlo

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono formal si no conocemos a la otra persona o no tenemos confianza con ellaldquoMay I come inrdquoiquestPuedo pasar rarr A una oficina por ejemploldquoMay I use the phonerdquo iquestPuedo utilizar el teleacutefono rarr No tienes confianza no sabes si te dejaraacuten utilizarlo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa con CAN MUST MUSTNrsquoT1 In France you __________ ride a moped at the age of 142 You ________ be 18 to have a driving licence3 You ________ drive fast4 Young drivers ________have an A-sticker on their cars

2 Completa con MUST o MUSTNrsquoT

1) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip brush your teeth three times a day

2) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip forget to do your homework regularly

3) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip wear warm clothes when it is cold outside

4) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip chew gum in class

5) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip study hard if you want to pass your exams

6) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip play football in the classroom

7) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip listen to your teacher very carefully

8) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip be rude to your grandparents

9) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip go to the dentists twice a year

10) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip stay in bed when you are ill

14

3 Elige el verbo correcto

1 __________ you tell me the way to the nearest bank (COULD MUST)

2 We __________ hurry - were late (CAN MUST)

3 You ________ give up smoking Its bad for your health (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

4 Matrix is a wonderful film You _________ watch it (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

5 _________ you help me with this exercise (MAY CAN)

6 Stephen Kings latest book is great I _________ read it (CAN MUST)

7 Mary ________ respect her parents (CAN SHOULD)

8 Look at Peters car He_________be very rich (MUST SHOULD)

9 You ________ drive so fast - its very dangerous (MUSTNT SHOULD)

10 Shall we phone Mary now --- I dont know Its early She ________ not

be home from work yet (CAN MAY)

11 We ________ leave the door open - the rain will come in (CAN

MUSTNT)

12 She looks pretty sick - I think she ________ go to a doctor (can should)

13 Youve been driving all day - You ________ be exhausted (must should)

14 Hey Im lost - ________ you help me (Should Can)

15 You have such a beautiful voice - You ________ sing for us (should

can)

16 I know he speaks five languages but ________ he speak Arabic

(should can)

4 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Meetread buy phone go help

1 We ____________ to the bank today We havenrsquot got any money

2 Shersquos a very interesting candidate You ____________ her

3 I didnrsquot phone Tim yesterday I ____________ him today

4 This is an excellent book You ____________ it

5 I have a very big problem You ____________ me

6 We ____________ some food We havenrsquot got anything for dinner

15

5 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be tell smoke use

1 This secret is very important You ____________ anyone

2 This is a public building You ____________ here

3 This interview is very important You ----------------late

4 You ____________ my car

6 Completa las frases con ldquoSHOULDrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be go read visit look wear

1 When you speak to the manager you ____________ at him

2 She looks tired She ____________ to bed

3 Everybody ____________ on time for the meeting

4 The cafeteria is very nice We ____________ it

5 When you are driving you ____________ a seat-belt

6 Itrsquos a very good book He ____________

Bloque 11 A la hora de estudiar el Pasado Simple veraacutes que hay dos tipos de verbos

a- regulares antildeaden ndashED a su forma base para hacer tanto su forma en pasado simple como para participio pasado Son ejemplos de verbos regularesPLAY STUDY WATCH TRAVEL NEED WANT etcb- irregulares tienen una forma distinta a la forma base tanto para pasado simple como para participio pasado que tendraacutes que estudiar Ejemplos de verbos irregulares BE GO DO SEE READ EAT WRITE etc

Algunos verbos regulares tienen que cambiar la grafiacutea antes de antildeadir ldquo-edrdquo para formar el pasado simple

16

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

Ej2 ldquoThomas will help you tonightrdquo o ldquoTomrsquoll help you tonightrdquoEj3 ldquoThey will come on holiday with usrdquo o ldquoTheyrsquoll comehelliprdquo(ndash)SUJETO + WILL + NOT + VERBO PRINCIPAL + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI will not visit you tomorrowrdquo o ldquoI wonrsquot visit you tomorrowrdquoEj2 ldquoThomas will not help you tonightrdquo o ldquoHe wonrsquot help youhelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey will come on holiday with usrdquo o ldquoThey wonrsquothelliprdquoEstructura de la oracioacuten()WILL + SUJETO + VERBO PRINCIPAL + COMPLEMENTOS + Ej1 ldquoWill you visit me tomorrowrdquoEj2 ldquoWill Thomas help you tonightrdquoEj3 ldquoWill they come on holiday with usrdquo

USOS DE WILL- Decisiones de futuro sin planificar decididas en el momento de hablarA ldquoLook there is a concert of U2 next JulyrdquoB ldquoI will go I love U2rdquo- Predicciones ldquoIt will rain next Sundayrdquo-Promesas ldquoI will love you foreverrdquo

Expresiones de tiempoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos EjemplosTonight TomorrowNext Sunday Next weekend Next summer Next year etc

EJERCICIOS

1 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en futuro Usa WILL

1 It helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) in the north-west tomorrow

3

2 My friend (be) 12 next Monday

3 I (have) a word with you

4 She (contact) her boss next week

5 You (get) this job

6They (arrive) at about 6 pm

7 The teacher helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ( explain) this exercise

8 He (drop) the bottle of water

2 Pon las cuatro primeras frases del ejercicio 1 en forma negativa

1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Pon las cuatro uacuteltimas frases del ejercicio 1 en forma interrogativa

1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4

2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 Pon las palabras en el orden correcto para formar frases

1 motorcycleyouabuywill

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 coldwilleveningitbeinthe

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 visitHelenItaly this summerwonrsquot

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 Londontheyinwillbetomorrow

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 Ia millionairebewill

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5

Futuro con ldquoGoing tordquoFUTURO con ldquoGOING TOrdquoEstructura del verboPRESENTE VERBO TO BE + GOING TO + VERBO PRINCIPAL (INF Oslash TO)Recuerda que el verbo To Be tenemos que adaptarlo al sujeto

Recuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + AM IS ARE + GOING TO + VERBO + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI am going to buy a car next yearrdquo

Ej2 ldquoShe is going to have a baby next winterrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey are going to get married next Julyrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + AM IS ARE + NOT + GOING TO + VERBO + COMPLEj1 ldquoI am not going to buy a car next yearrdquo o ldquoIrsquom not going tohelliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoShe is not going to have a baby next winterrdquo o ldquoShersquos notrdquoEj3 ldquoThey are not going to get married next Julyrdquo o ldquoThey arenrsquotrdquoEstructura de la oracioacuten() AM IS ARE + SUJETO + GOING TO + VERBO+ COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoAre you going to buy a car next yearrdquo

Ej2 ldquoIs she going to have a baby next winterrdquo

Ej3 ldquoAre they going to get married next Julyrdquo

USOS Intencioacuten (planes) ldquoI am going to buy a car next yearrdquo

6

(I am saving money to buy a car next yearrdquo

ldquoShe is going to have a baby next winterrdquo

(She is pregnant)

Certeza (estamos seguros de algo)ldquoI am going to pass the examrdquo

(I am studying a lot and I am sure of it)

Futuro inmediato ldquoI am going to sleep now Good nightrdquo

Expresiones de tiempoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los

complementos Ejemplos

Tonight Tomorrow

Next Sunday Next weekend Next summer Next year etc

EJERCICIOS

1 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en futuro Usa Be going to

1) He helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis friend (phone)

2) We helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa new computer game

(play)

3) My sister helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipTV

(watch)

4) We helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa T-shirt

(notbuy)

5) Jane helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto the office

(go)

6) They helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto the bus stop this

afternoon (walk)

7) You helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner (notprepare)

8) His brother helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa letter to his uncle

today (write)

7

9) She helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher aunt (visit)

10) I helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipmy homework after school

(do)

2 Lee las frases y explica queacute van a hacer Usa Be going to y los siguientes verbos

Go to sleep play football study go to the beach clean

1 Helen likes swimming

2 My car is dirty

3 Helen is tired

4 The students have a test

5 We are bored

3 Pon las palabras en el orden correcto para hacer oraciones interrogativas

1 visit you to are the museum going

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 cook is to ken dinner tonight going

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 to going are work they tomorrow

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 the city she is going tour to

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 they to are going at the pub meet

8

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres interrogativos

Los pronombres interrogativos nos sirven para hacer preguntas maacutes concretasCuando no nos vale que nos respondan con un ldquosiacuterdquo o un ldquonordquo cuando queremos datos concretos debemos utilizar los pronombres interrogativos para centrar nuestras preguntas y que nos respondan exactamente lo que queremos saberLos pronombres interrogativos ocupan el primer puesto en las preguntas incluso por delante del verbo auxiliar La estructura de una pregunta en general seriacutea la siguiente

PRONOMBRE INTERROGATIVO AUXILIAR SUJETO VERBO COMPLEMENTOSWhat are you doing nowWhere does he liveWhy did she break the windowWhen will you come

Como ves esta estructura sirve para cualquier tiempo verbal

A) Pronombres maacutes utilizados

-WhyhellipiquestPor queacutehellipWhy are you happy Because I am going to a concert tonight

-Wherehellip iquestDoacutendehellipWhere do you live I live in Ciudad Real

Where is your mobile phone Itrsquos on the table

-Whenhellip iquestCuaacutendohellipWhen is Meganrsquos birthday Itrsquos in September

When were you born I was born on March 12th

-Whathellip iquestQueacutehellip What is your name My name is Steve-Whohellip iquestQuieacutenhellipWho is that woman Oh shersquos Emilyrsquos sister-Howhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCoacutemohellip How is Susan after the accident Shersquos fineHow did you come here I came here by bus

9

-WhichhellipiquestQueacutehellip iquestCuaacutelhellipWhich colour do you prefer RedWhich film do you want to see I want to see Grease-Whosehellip iquestDe quieacutenhellip Whose coat is this Itrsquos Susanrsquos-How longiquestCuaacutento tiempohellip iquestDesde hace cuaacutendohellipHow long have you lived in York Since 1993

How long have you studied English For eight years-How oftenhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCada cuaacutentohellip iquestCon queacute frecuenciahellipHow often do you go out at night Every weekendHow often do you travel to Argentina Once a year-How farhellip iquestA queacute distanciahellip How far is Toledo Itrsquost 85 km -How muchhellip Cosas incontables (liacutequidos tiempo dineroetc)hellipiquestCuaacutento CuaacutentahellipHow much milk do you need Half a litre

How much are these shoes please euro 35

-How manyhellip Cosas contables iquestCuaacutentos CuaacutentashellipHow many people are coming for dinner 3 peopleHow many books did you read last year More than 20

EJERCICIOS

1 Emplea lsquowhorsquo lsquowhosersquo lsquowhatrsquo o lsquowhichrsquo en los siguientes frasesa) lsquo____________time is itrsquo lsquoItrsquos half past threersquob) lsquo________________ jacket is thisrsquo lsquoItrsquos minersquoc) lsquoIrsquove got chocolate ice cream and vanilla ice cream ________________ do youpreferrsquod) lsquo______________ is that man with your wifersquo lsquoItrsquos her bossrsquoe) lsquo_________________ did you sayrsquo lsquoI didnrsquot say anythingrsquo

2 Completa con How much or How many___________birds are there There are two birds

10

___________money is there There are three thousand dollars______________dolphins are there There are two dolphins_____________ pencils are there There are thirteen pencils_________________ books are there There are three books______________milk is there There are four litres of milk

3 Completa con What Where Why When How

1) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you like best

2) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Bill get up in the morning

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdont you go by bus Max

4) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphobbies does Andrew have

5) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo they go to every week

6) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipold is Mike

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis Susans birthday

8) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare my exercise books

9) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare you doing at the moment Sally

1 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan I get a newspaper You can get it at Park Street

2 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis your best friend Its Paul

3 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Nick live He lives in Boston

4 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcolour is your new bike Its blue

5 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you collect I collect stamps

6 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan help me I can

7 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwas your first word as a baby I dont know

8 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born On May 21st

1 Completa con Who What When Where How Which

11

9 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born I was born in Manchester

10 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you doing last Sunday I was sailing

Verbos modales

Caracteriacutesticas generales de los verbos modalesbull son auxiliares (es decir forman negativa interrogativa y no pueden ir solos)

bull no tienen significado (por eso mismo no pueden ir nunca solos)

bull siempre acompantildean a un verbo principal (que seraacute quien lleve el significado)

bull son invariables (es decir no antildeaden ldquondashsrdquo en 3ordf persona de singular)

bull no tienen tiempo verbal (excepto ldquocanrdquo y su equivalente ldquocouldrdquo en pasado)

bull siempre van seguidos de infinitivo sin ldquotordquo Es decir

o NO antildeade ldquo-srdquo de 3ordf persona singular

o NO antildeade ldquo-ingrdquo

o NO antildeade ldquo-edrdquo de pasado si es regular

o NO se pone en pasado simple (segunda columna) si es irregular

o NO lleva ldquotordquo delanteo TAMPOCO va seguido nunca de ldquotordquo

MUST (obligacioacuten)Usos

- Obligaciones requisitos externosldquoYou must have a driving licence to work hererdquoDebes tener carnet de conducir para trabajar aquiacute rarr Si no lo tienes no puedestrabajar

-Obligaciones que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoI must studyrdquo ldquoDebo estudiarrdquo rarrEs una obligacioacuten que me pongo yo mismoa

iexcliexcliexclΘJΘ La negativa de ldquoMUSTrdquo no indica ausencia de obligacioacuten o lo que es lo mismo no niega la negacioacuten no la quita ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo se utiliza para hacer

12

prohibiciones

UsosProhibiciones de todo tipo tanto normas oficiales como internas que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoYou mustnrsquot smoke in the officerdquo Estaacute prohibido fumar en la oficina Si lo haces

incumples la norma te metes en un liacuteo

SHOULD (consejos recomendaciones)UsosRecomendaciones You should speak Japaneserdquo Deberiacuteas hablar japoneacutes rarr Si no hablas no pasa nada

Consejos que damos para mejorar la situacioacuten de alguien

You are tired ldquoYou should sleeprdquo Estaacutes cansado rarr Deberiacuteas irte a dormir

You smoke a lot ldquoYou shouldnrsquot smokerdquo Fumas demasiado rarr No deberiacuteas fumar

CAN (habilidad permiso informal posibilidad)

Usos

HABILIDAD capacidades facilidades o conocimientos que tenemos para hacer cosas

ldquoIsabel can speak GermanrdquoLisa puede hablar alemaacuten rarr Lo ha aprendido es algo que sabe hacer

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono informal si conocemos a la otra persona

ldquoCan I go homerdquoiquestPuedo irme a casa rarr Pides permisoldquoSorry you canrsquot go home nowrdquo Lo siento no puedes irte a casa

13

MAY (probabilidad permiso formal)UsosPROBABILIDAD de que algo que no es seguro ocurra

ldquoYou may get the jobrdquo Puede que consigas el trabajo rarr No es seguro pero puedes conseguirlo

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono formal si no conocemos a la otra persona o no tenemos confianza con ellaldquoMay I come inrdquoiquestPuedo pasar rarr A una oficina por ejemploldquoMay I use the phonerdquo iquestPuedo utilizar el teleacutefono rarr No tienes confianza no sabes si te dejaraacuten utilizarlo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa con CAN MUST MUSTNrsquoT1 In France you __________ ride a moped at the age of 142 You ________ be 18 to have a driving licence3 You ________ drive fast4 Young drivers ________have an A-sticker on their cars

2 Completa con MUST o MUSTNrsquoT

1) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip brush your teeth three times a day

2) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip forget to do your homework regularly

3) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip wear warm clothes when it is cold outside

4) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip chew gum in class

5) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip study hard if you want to pass your exams

6) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip play football in the classroom

7) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip listen to your teacher very carefully

8) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip be rude to your grandparents

9) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip go to the dentists twice a year

10) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip stay in bed when you are ill

14

3 Elige el verbo correcto

1 __________ you tell me the way to the nearest bank (COULD MUST)

2 We __________ hurry - were late (CAN MUST)

3 You ________ give up smoking Its bad for your health (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

4 Matrix is a wonderful film You _________ watch it (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

5 _________ you help me with this exercise (MAY CAN)

6 Stephen Kings latest book is great I _________ read it (CAN MUST)

7 Mary ________ respect her parents (CAN SHOULD)

8 Look at Peters car He_________be very rich (MUST SHOULD)

9 You ________ drive so fast - its very dangerous (MUSTNT SHOULD)

10 Shall we phone Mary now --- I dont know Its early She ________ not

be home from work yet (CAN MAY)

11 We ________ leave the door open - the rain will come in (CAN

MUSTNT)

12 She looks pretty sick - I think she ________ go to a doctor (can should)

13 Youve been driving all day - You ________ be exhausted (must should)

14 Hey Im lost - ________ you help me (Should Can)

15 You have such a beautiful voice - You ________ sing for us (should

can)

16 I know he speaks five languages but ________ he speak Arabic

(should can)

4 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Meetread buy phone go help

1 We ____________ to the bank today We havenrsquot got any money

2 Shersquos a very interesting candidate You ____________ her

3 I didnrsquot phone Tim yesterday I ____________ him today

4 This is an excellent book You ____________ it

5 I have a very big problem You ____________ me

6 We ____________ some food We havenrsquot got anything for dinner

15

5 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be tell smoke use

1 This secret is very important You ____________ anyone

2 This is a public building You ____________ here

3 This interview is very important You ----------------late

4 You ____________ my car

6 Completa las frases con ldquoSHOULDrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be go read visit look wear

1 When you speak to the manager you ____________ at him

2 She looks tired She ____________ to bed

3 Everybody ____________ on time for the meeting

4 The cafeteria is very nice We ____________ it

5 When you are driving you ____________ a seat-belt

6 Itrsquos a very good book He ____________

Bloque 11 A la hora de estudiar el Pasado Simple veraacutes que hay dos tipos de verbos

a- regulares antildeaden ndashED a su forma base para hacer tanto su forma en pasado simple como para participio pasado Son ejemplos de verbos regularesPLAY STUDY WATCH TRAVEL NEED WANT etcb- irregulares tienen una forma distinta a la forma base tanto para pasado simple como para participio pasado que tendraacutes que estudiar Ejemplos de verbos irregulares BE GO DO SEE READ EAT WRITE etc

Algunos verbos regulares tienen que cambiar la grafiacutea antes de antildeadir ldquo-edrdquo para formar el pasado simple

16

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

2 My friend (be) 12 next Monday

3 I (have) a word with you

4 She (contact) her boss next week

5 You (get) this job

6They (arrive) at about 6 pm

7 The teacher helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ( explain) this exercise

8 He (drop) the bottle of water

2 Pon las cuatro primeras frases del ejercicio 1 en forma negativa

1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Pon las cuatro uacuteltimas frases del ejercicio 1 en forma interrogativa

1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4

2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 Pon las palabras en el orden correcto para formar frases

1 motorcycleyouabuywill

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 coldwilleveningitbeinthe

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 visitHelenItaly this summerwonrsquot

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 Londontheyinwillbetomorrow

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 Ia millionairebewill

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5

Futuro con ldquoGoing tordquoFUTURO con ldquoGOING TOrdquoEstructura del verboPRESENTE VERBO TO BE + GOING TO + VERBO PRINCIPAL (INF Oslash TO)Recuerda que el verbo To Be tenemos que adaptarlo al sujeto

Recuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + AM IS ARE + GOING TO + VERBO + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI am going to buy a car next yearrdquo

Ej2 ldquoShe is going to have a baby next winterrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey are going to get married next Julyrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + AM IS ARE + NOT + GOING TO + VERBO + COMPLEj1 ldquoI am not going to buy a car next yearrdquo o ldquoIrsquom not going tohelliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoShe is not going to have a baby next winterrdquo o ldquoShersquos notrdquoEj3 ldquoThey are not going to get married next Julyrdquo o ldquoThey arenrsquotrdquoEstructura de la oracioacuten() AM IS ARE + SUJETO + GOING TO + VERBO+ COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoAre you going to buy a car next yearrdquo

Ej2 ldquoIs she going to have a baby next winterrdquo

Ej3 ldquoAre they going to get married next Julyrdquo

USOS Intencioacuten (planes) ldquoI am going to buy a car next yearrdquo

6

(I am saving money to buy a car next yearrdquo

ldquoShe is going to have a baby next winterrdquo

(She is pregnant)

Certeza (estamos seguros de algo)ldquoI am going to pass the examrdquo

(I am studying a lot and I am sure of it)

Futuro inmediato ldquoI am going to sleep now Good nightrdquo

Expresiones de tiempoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los

complementos Ejemplos

Tonight Tomorrow

Next Sunday Next weekend Next summer Next year etc

EJERCICIOS

1 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en futuro Usa Be going to

1) He helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis friend (phone)

2) We helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa new computer game

(play)

3) My sister helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipTV

(watch)

4) We helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa T-shirt

(notbuy)

5) Jane helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto the office

(go)

6) They helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto the bus stop this

afternoon (walk)

7) You helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner (notprepare)

8) His brother helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa letter to his uncle

today (write)

7

9) She helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher aunt (visit)

10) I helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipmy homework after school

(do)

2 Lee las frases y explica queacute van a hacer Usa Be going to y los siguientes verbos

Go to sleep play football study go to the beach clean

1 Helen likes swimming

2 My car is dirty

3 Helen is tired

4 The students have a test

5 We are bored

3 Pon las palabras en el orden correcto para hacer oraciones interrogativas

1 visit you to are the museum going

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 cook is to ken dinner tonight going

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 to going are work they tomorrow

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 the city she is going tour to

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 they to are going at the pub meet

8

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres interrogativos

Los pronombres interrogativos nos sirven para hacer preguntas maacutes concretasCuando no nos vale que nos respondan con un ldquosiacuterdquo o un ldquonordquo cuando queremos datos concretos debemos utilizar los pronombres interrogativos para centrar nuestras preguntas y que nos respondan exactamente lo que queremos saberLos pronombres interrogativos ocupan el primer puesto en las preguntas incluso por delante del verbo auxiliar La estructura de una pregunta en general seriacutea la siguiente

PRONOMBRE INTERROGATIVO AUXILIAR SUJETO VERBO COMPLEMENTOSWhat are you doing nowWhere does he liveWhy did she break the windowWhen will you come

Como ves esta estructura sirve para cualquier tiempo verbal

A) Pronombres maacutes utilizados

-WhyhellipiquestPor queacutehellipWhy are you happy Because I am going to a concert tonight

-Wherehellip iquestDoacutendehellipWhere do you live I live in Ciudad Real

Where is your mobile phone Itrsquos on the table

-Whenhellip iquestCuaacutendohellipWhen is Meganrsquos birthday Itrsquos in September

When were you born I was born on March 12th

-Whathellip iquestQueacutehellip What is your name My name is Steve-Whohellip iquestQuieacutenhellipWho is that woman Oh shersquos Emilyrsquos sister-Howhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCoacutemohellip How is Susan after the accident Shersquos fineHow did you come here I came here by bus

9

-WhichhellipiquestQueacutehellip iquestCuaacutelhellipWhich colour do you prefer RedWhich film do you want to see I want to see Grease-Whosehellip iquestDe quieacutenhellip Whose coat is this Itrsquos Susanrsquos-How longiquestCuaacutento tiempohellip iquestDesde hace cuaacutendohellipHow long have you lived in York Since 1993

How long have you studied English For eight years-How oftenhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCada cuaacutentohellip iquestCon queacute frecuenciahellipHow often do you go out at night Every weekendHow often do you travel to Argentina Once a year-How farhellip iquestA queacute distanciahellip How far is Toledo Itrsquost 85 km -How muchhellip Cosas incontables (liacutequidos tiempo dineroetc)hellipiquestCuaacutento CuaacutentahellipHow much milk do you need Half a litre

How much are these shoes please euro 35

-How manyhellip Cosas contables iquestCuaacutentos CuaacutentashellipHow many people are coming for dinner 3 peopleHow many books did you read last year More than 20

EJERCICIOS

1 Emplea lsquowhorsquo lsquowhosersquo lsquowhatrsquo o lsquowhichrsquo en los siguientes frasesa) lsquo____________time is itrsquo lsquoItrsquos half past threersquob) lsquo________________ jacket is thisrsquo lsquoItrsquos minersquoc) lsquoIrsquove got chocolate ice cream and vanilla ice cream ________________ do youpreferrsquod) lsquo______________ is that man with your wifersquo lsquoItrsquos her bossrsquoe) lsquo_________________ did you sayrsquo lsquoI didnrsquot say anythingrsquo

2 Completa con How much or How many___________birds are there There are two birds

10

___________money is there There are three thousand dollars______________dolphins are there There are two dolphins_____________ pencils are there There are thirteen pencils_________________ books are there There are three books______________milk is there There are four litres of milk

3 Completa con What Where Why When How

1) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you like best

2) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Bill get up in the morning

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdont you go by bus Max

4) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphobbies does Andrew have

5) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo they go to every week

6) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipold is Mike

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis Susans birthday

8) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare my exercise books

9) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare you doing at the moment Sally

1 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan I get a newspaper You can get it at Park Street

2 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis your best friend Its Paul

3 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Nick live He lives in Boston

4 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcolour is your new bike Its blue

5 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you collect I collect stamps

6 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan help me I can

7 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwas your first word as a baby I dont know

8 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born On May 21st

1 Completa con Who What When Where How Which

11

9 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born I was born in Manchester

10 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you doing last Sunday I was sailing

Verbos modales

Caracteriacutesticas generales de los verbos modalesbull son auxiliares (es decir forman negativa interrogativa y no pueden ir solos)

bull no tienen significado (por eso mismo no pueden ir nunca solos)

bull siempre acompantildean a un verbo principal (que seraacute quien lleve el significado)

bull son invariables (es decir no antildeaden ldquondashsrdquo en 3ordf persona de singular)

bull no tienen tiempo verbal (excepto ldquocanrdquo y su equivalente ldquocouldrdquo en pasado)

bull siempre van seguidos de infinitivo sin ldquotordquo Es decir

o NO antildeade ldquo-srdquo de 3ordf persona singular

o NO antildeade ldquo-ingrdquo

o NO antildeade ldquo-edrdquo de pasado si es regular

o NO se pone en pasado simple (segunda columna) si es irregular

o NO lleva ldquotordquo delanteo TAMPOCO va seguido nunca de ldquotordquo

MUST (obligacioacuten)Usos

- Obligaciones requisitos externosldquoYou must have a driving licence to work hererdquoDebes tener carnet de conducir para trabajar aquiacute rarr Si no lo tienes no puedestrabajar

-Obligaciones que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoI must studyrdquo ldquoDebo estudiarrdquo rarrEs una obligacioacuten que me pongo yo mismoa

iexcliexcliexclΘJΘ La negativa de ldquoMUSTrdquo no indica ausencia de obligacioacuten o lo que es lo mismo no niega la negacioacuten no la quita ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo se utiliza para hacer

12

prohibiciones

UsosProhibiciones de todo tipo tanto normas oficiales como internas que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoYou mustnrsquot smoke in the officerdquo Estaacute prohibido fumar en la oficina Si lo haces

incumples la norma te metes en un liacuteo

SHOULD (consejos recomendaciones)UsosRecomendaciones You should speak Japaneserdquo Deberiacuteas hablar japoneacutes rarr Si no hablas no pasa nada

Consejos que damos para mejorar la situacioacuten de alguien

You are tired ldquoYou should sleeprdquo Estaacutes cansado rarr Deberiacuteas irte a dormir

You smoke a lot ldquoYou shouldnrsquot smokerdquo Fumas demasiado rarr No deberiacuteas fumar

CAN (habilidad permiso informal posibilidad)

Usos

HABILIDAD capacidades facilidades o conocimientos que tenemos para hacer cosas

ldquoIsabel can speak GermanrdquoLisa puede hablar alemaacuten rarr Lo ha aprendido es algo que sabe hacer

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono informal si conocemos a la otra persona

ldquoCan I go homerdquoiquestPuedo irme a casa rarr Pides permisoldquoSorry you canrsquot go home nowrdquo Lo siento no puedes irte a casa

13

MAY (probabilidad permiso formal)UsosPROBABILIDAD de que algo que no es seguro ocurra

ldquoYou may get the jobrdquo Puede que consigas el trabajo rarr No es seguro pero puedes conseguirlo

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono formal si no conocemos a la otra persona o no tenemos confianza con ellaldquoMay I come inrdquoiquestPuedo pasar rarr A una oficina por ejemploldquoMay I use the phonerdquo iquestPuedo utilizar el teleacutefono rarr No tienes confianza no sabes si te dejaraacuten utilizarlo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa con CAN MUST MUSTNrsquoT1 In France you __________ ride a moped at the age of 142 You ________ be 18 to have a driving licence3 You ________ drive fast4 Young drivers ________have an A-sticker on their cars

2 Completa con MUST o MUSTNrsquoT

1) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip brush your teeth three times a day

2) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip forget to do your homework regularly

3) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip wear warm clothes when it is cold outside

4) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip chew gum in class

5) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip study hard if you want to pass your exams

6) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip play football in the classroom

7) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip listen to your teacher very carefully

8) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip be rude to your grandparents

9) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip go to the dentists twice a year

10) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip stay in bed when you are ill

14

3 Elige el verbo correcto

1 __________ you tell me the way to the nearest bank (COULD MUST)

2 We __________ hurry - were late (CAN MUST)

3 You ________ give up smoking Its bad for your health (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

4 Matrix is a wonderful film You _________ watch it (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

5 _________ you help me with this exercise (MAY CAN)

6 Stephen Kings latest book is great I _________ read it (CAN MUST)

7 Mary ________ respect her parents (CAN SHOULD)

8 Look at Peters car He_________be very rich (MUST SHOULD)

9 You ________ drive so fast - its very dangerous (MUSTNT SHOULD)

10 Shall we phone Mary now --- I dont know Its early She ________ not

be home from work yet (CAN MAY)

11 We ________ leave the door open - the rain will come in (CAN

MUSTNT)

12 She looks pretty sick - I think she ________ go to a doctor (can should)

13 Youve been driving all day - You ________ be exhausted (must should)

14 Hey Im lost - ________ you help me (Should Can)

15 You have such a beautiful voice - You ________ sing for us (should

can)

16 I know he speaks five languages but ________ he speak Arabic

(should can)

4 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Meetread buy phone go help

1 We ____________ to the bank today We havenrsquot got any money

2 Shersquos a very interesting candidate You ____________ her

3 I didnrsquot phone Tim yesterday I ____________ him today

4 This is an excellent book You ____________ it

5 I have a very big problem You ____________ me

6 We ____________ some food We havenrsquot got anything for dinner

15

5 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be tell smoke use

1 This secret is very important You ____________ anyone

2 This is a public building You ____________ here

3 This interview is very important You ----------------late

4 You ____________ my car

6 Completa las frases con ldquoSHOULDrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be go read visit look wear

1 When you speak to the manager you ____________ at him

2 She looks tired She ____________ to bed

3 Everybody ____________ on time for the meeting

4 The cafeteria is very nice We ____________ it

5 When you are driving you ____________ a seat-belt

6 Itrsquos a very good book He ____________

Bloque 11 A la hora de estudiar el Pasado Simple veraacutes que hay dos tipos de verbos

a- regulares antildeaden ndashED a su forma base para hacer tanto su forma en pasado simple como para participio pasado Son ejemplos de verbos regularesPLAY STUDY WATCH TRAVEL NEED WANT etcb- irregulares tienen una forma distinta a la forma base tanto para pasado simple como para participio pasado que tendraacutes que estudiar Ejemplos de verbos irregulares BE GO DO SEE READ EAT WRITE etc

Algunos verbos regulares tienen que cambiar la grafiacutea antes de antildeadir ldquo-edrdquo para formar el pasado simple

16

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 Pon las palabras en el orden correcto para formar frases

1 motorcycleyouabuywill

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 coldwilleveningitbeinthe

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 visitHelenItaly this summerwonrsquot

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 Londontheyinwillbetomorrow

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 Ia millionairebewill

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5

Futuro con ldquoGoing tordquoFUTURO con ldquoGOING TOrdquoEstructura del verboPRESENTE VERBO TO BE + GOING TO + VERBO PRINCIPAL (INF Oslash TO)Recuerda que el verbo To Be tenemos que adaptarlo al sujeto

Recuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + AM IS ARE + GOING TO + VERBO + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI am going to buy a car next yearrdquo

Ej2 ldquoShe is going to have a baby next winterrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey are going to get married next Julyrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + AM IS ARE + NOT + GOING TO + VERBO + COMPLEj1 ldquoI am not going to buy a car next yearrdquo o ldquoIrsquom not going tohelliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoShe is not going to have a baby next winterrdquo o ldquoShersquos notrdquoEj3 ldquoThey are not going to get married next Julyrdquo o ldquoThey arenrsquotrdquoEstructura de la oracioacuten() AM IS ARE + SUJETO + GOING TO + VERBO+ COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoAre you going to buy a car next yearrdquo

Ej2 ldquoIs she going to have a baby next winterrdquo

Ej3 ldquoAre they going to get married next Julyrdquo

USOS Intencioacuten (planes) ldquoI am going to buy a car next yearrdquo

6

(I am saving money to buy a car next yearrdquo

ldquoShe is going to have a baby next winterrdquo

(She is pregnant)

Certeza (estamos seguros de algo)ldquoI am going to pass the examrdquo

(I am studying a lot and I am sure of it)

Futuro inmediato ldquoI am going to sleep now Good nightrdquo

Expresiones de tiempoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los

complementos Ejemplos

Tonight Tomorrow

Next Sunday Next weekend Next summer Next year etc

EJERCICIOS

1 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en futuro Usa Be going to

1) He helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis friend (phone)

2) We helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa new computer game

(play)

3) My sister helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipTV

(watch)

4) We helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa T-shirt

(notbuy)

5) Jane helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto the office

(go)

6) They helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto the bus stop this

afternoon (walk)

7) You helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner (notprepare)

8) His brother helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa letter to his uncle

today (write)

7

9) She helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher aunt (visit)

10) I helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipmy homework after school

(do)

2 Lee las frases y explica queacute van a hacer Usa Be going to y los siguientes verbos

Go to sleep play football study go to the beach clean

1 Helen likes swimming

2 My car is dirty

3 Helen is tired

4 The students have a test

5 We are bored

3 Pon las palabras en el orden correcto para hacer oraciones interrogativas

1 visit you to are the museum going

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 cook is to ken dinner tonight going

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 to going are work they tomorrow

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 the city she is going tour to

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 they to are going at the pub meet

8

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres interrogativos

Los pronombres interrogativos nos sirven para hacer preguntas maacutes concretasCuando no nos vale que nos respondan con un ldquosiacuterdquo o un ldquonordquo cuando queremos datos concretos debemos utilizar los pronombres interrogativos para centrar nuestras preguntas y que nos respondan exactamente lo que queremos saberLos pronombres interrogativos ocupan el primer puesto en las preguntas incluso por delante del verbo auxiliar La estructura de una pregunta en general seriacutea la siguiente

PRONOMBRE INTERROGATIVO AUXILIAR SUJETO VERBO COMPLEMENTOSWhat are you doing nowWhere does he liveWhy did she break the windowWhen will you come

Como ves esta estructura sirve para cualquier tiempo verbal

A) Pronombres maacutes utilizados

-WhyhellipiquestPor queacutehellipWhy are you happy Because I am going to a concert tonight

-Wherehellip iquestDoacutendehellipWhere do you live I live in Ciudad Real

Where is your mobile phone Itrsquos on the table

-Whenhellip iquestCuaacutendohellipWhen is Meganrsquos birthday Itrsquos in September

When were you born I was born on March 12th

-Whathellip iquestQueacutehellip What is your name My name is Steve-Whohellip iquestQuieacutenhellipWho is that woman Oh shersquos Emilyrsquos sister-Howhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCoacutemohellip How is Susan after the accident Shersquos fineHow did you come here I came here by bus

9

-WhichhellipiquestQueacutehellip iquestCuaacutelhellipWhich colour do you prefer RedWhich film do you want to see I want to see Grease-Whosehellip iquestDe quieacutenhellip Whose coat is this Itrsquos Susanrsquos-How longiquestCuaacutento tiempohellip iquestDesde hace cuaacutendohellipHow long have you lived in York Since 1993

How long have you studied English For eight years-How oftenhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCada cuaacutentohellip iquestCon queacute frecuenciahellipHow often do you go out at night Every weekendHow often do you travel to Argentina Once a year-How farhellip iquestA queacute distanciahellip How far is Toledo Itrsquost 85 km -How muchhellip Cosas incontables (liacutequidos tiempo dineroetc)hellipiquestCuaacutento CuaacutentahellipHow much milk do you need Half a litre

How much are these shoes please euro 35

-How manyhellip Cosas contables iquestCuaacutentos CuaacutentashellipHow many people are coming for dinner 3 peopleHow many books did you read last year More than 20

EJERCICIOS

1 Emplea lsquowhorsquo lsquowhosersquo lsquowhatrsquo o lsquowhichrsquo en los siguientes frasesa) lsquo____________time is itrsquo lsquoItrsquos half past threersquob) lsquo________________ jacket is thisrsquo lsquoItrsquos minersquoc) lsquoIrsquove got chocolate ice cream and vanilla ice cream ________________ do youpreferrsquod) lsquo______________ is that man with your wifersquo lsquoItrsquos her bossrsquoe) lsquo_________________ did you sayrsquo lsquoI didnrsquot say anythingrsquo

2 Completa con How much or How many___________birds are there There are two birds

10

___________money is there There are three thousand dollars______________dolphins are there There are two dolphins_____________ pencils are there There are thirteen pencils_________________ books are there There are three books______________milk is there There are four litres of milk

3 Completa con What Where Why When How

1) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you like best

2) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Bill get up in the morning

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdont you go by bus Max

4) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphobbies does Andrew have

5) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo they go to every week

6) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipold is Mike

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis Susans birthday

8) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare my exercise books

9) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare you doing at the moment Sally

1 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan I get a newspaper You can get it at Park Street

2 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis your best friend Its Paul

3 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Nick live He lives in Boston

4 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcolour is your new bike Its blue

5 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you collect I collect stamps

6 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan help me I can

7 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwas your first word as a baby I dont know

8 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born On May 21st

1 Completa con Who What When Where How Which

11

9 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born I was born in Manchester

10 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you doing last Sunday I was sailing

Verbos modales

Caracteriacutesticas generales de los verbos modalesbull son auxiliares (es decir forman negativa interrogativa y no pueden ir solos)

bull no tienen significado (por eso mismo no pueden ir nunca solos)

bull siempre acompantildean a un verbo principal (que seraacute quien lleve el significado)

bull son invariables (es decir no antildeaden ldquondashsrdquo en 3ordf persona de singular)

bull no tienen tiempo verbal (excepto ldquocanrdquo y su equivalente ldquocouldrdquo en pasado)

bull siempre van seguidos de infinitivo sin ldquotordquo Es decir

o NO antildeade ldquo-srdquo de 3ordf persona singular

o NO antildeade ldquo-ingrdquo

o NO antildeade ldquo-edrdquo de pasado si es regular

o NO se pone en pasado simple (segunda columna) si es irregular

o NO lleva ldquotordquo delanteo TAMPOCO va seguido nunca de ldquotordquo

MUST (obligacioacuten)Usos

- Obligaciones requisitos externosldquoYou must have a driving licence to work hererdquoDebes tener carnet de conducir para trabajar aquiacute rarr Si no lo tienes no puedestrabajar

-Obligaciones que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoI must studyrdquo ldquoDebo estudiarrdquo rarrEs una obligacioacuten que me pongo yo mismoa

iexcliexcliexclΘJΘ La negativa de ldquoMUSTrdquo no indica ausencia de obligacioacuten o lo que es lo mismo no niega la negacioacuten no la quita ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo se utiliza para hacer

12

prohibiciones

UsosProhibiciones de todo tipo tanto normas oficiales como internas que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoYou mustnrsquot smoke in the officerdquo Estaacute prohibido fumar en la oficina Si lo haces

incumples la norma te metes en un liacuteo

SHOULD (consejos recomendaciones)UsosRecomendaciones You should speak Japaneserdquo Deberiacuteas hablar japoneacutes rarr Si no hablas no pasa nada

Consejos que damos para mejorar la situacioacuten de alguien

You are tired ldquoYou should sleeprdquo Estaacutes cansado rarr Deberiacuteas irte a dormir

You smoke a lot ldquoYou shouldnrsquot smokerdquo Fumas demasiado rarr No deberiacuteas fumar

CAN (habilidad permiso informal posibilidad)

Usos

HABILIDAD capacidades facilidades o conocimientos que tenemos para hacer cosas

ldquoIsabel can speak GermanrdquoLisa puede hablar alemaacuten rarr Lo ha aprendido es algo que sabe hacer

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono informal si conocemos a la otra persona

ldquoCan I go homerdquoiquestPuedo irme a casa rarr Pides permisoldquoSorry you canrsquot go home nowrdquo Lo siento no puedes irte a casa

13

MAY (probabilidad permiso formal)UsosPROBABILIDAD de que algo que no es seguro ocurra

ldquoYou may get the jobrdquo Puede que consigas el trabajo rarr No es seguro pero puedes conseguirlo

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono formal si no conocemos a la otra persona o no tenemos confianza con ellaldquoMay I come inrdquoiquestPuedo pasar rarr A una oficina por ejemploldquoMay I use the phonerdquo iquestPuedo utilizar el teleacutefono rarr No tienes confianza no sabes si te dejaraacuten utilizarlo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa con CAN MUST MUSTNrsquoT1 In France you __________ ride a moped at the age of 142 You ________ be 18 to have a driving licence3 You ________ drive fast4 Young drivers ________have an A-sticker on their cars

2 Completa con MUST o MUSTNrsquoT

1) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip brush your teeth three times a day

2) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip forget to do your homework regularly

3) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip wear warm clothes when it is cold outside

4) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip chew gum in class

5) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip study hard if you want to pass your exams

6) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip play football in the classroom

7) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip listen to your teacher very carefully

8) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip be rude to your grandparents

9) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip go to the dentists twice a year

10) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip stay in bed when you are ill

14

3 Elige el verbo correcto

1 __________ you tell me the way to the nearest bank (COULD MUST)

2 We __________ hurry - were late (CAN MUST)

3 You ________ give up smoking Its bad for your health (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

4 Matrix is a wonderful film You _________ watch it (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

5 _________ you help me with this exercise (MAY CAN)

6 Stephen Kings latest book is great I _________ read it (CAN MUST)

7 Mary ________ respect her parents (CAN SHOULD)

8 Look at Peters car He_________be very rich (MUST SHOULD)

9 You ________ drive so fast - its very dangerous (MUSTNT SHOULD)

10 Shall we phone Mary now --- I dont know Its early She ________ not

be home from work yet (CAN MAY)

11 We ________ leave the door open - the rain will come in (CAN

MUSTNT)

12 She looks pretty sick - I think she ________ go to a doctor (can should)

13 Youve been driving all day - You ________ be exhausted (must should)

14 Hey Im lost - ________ you help me (Should Can)

15 You have such a beautiful voice - You ________ sing for us (should

can)

16 I know he speaks five languages but ________ he speak Arabic

(should can)

4 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Meetread buy phone go help

1 We ____________ to the bank today We havenrsquot got any money

2 Shersquos a very interesting candidate You ____________ her

3 I didnrsquot phone Tim yesterday I ____________ him today

4 This is an excellent book You ____________ it

5 I have a very big problem You ____________ me

6 We ____________ some food We havenrsquot got anything for dinner

15

5 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be tell smoke use

1 This secret is very important You ____________ anyone

2 This is a public building You ____________ here

3 This interview is very important You ----------------late

4 You ____________ my car

6 Completa las frases con ldquoSHOULDrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be go read visit look wear

1 When you speak to the manager you ____________ at him

2 She looks tired She ____________ to bed

3 Everybody ____________ on time for the meeting

4 The cafeteria is very nice We ____________ it

5 When you are driving you ____________ a seat-belt

6 Itrsquos a very good book He ____________

Bloque 11 A la hora de estudiar el Pasado Simple veraacutes que hay dos tipos de verbos

a- regulares antildeaden ndashED a su forma base para hacer tanto su forma en pasado simple como para participio pasado Son ejemplos de verbos regularesPLAY STUDY WATCH TRAVEL NEED WANT etcb- irregulares tienen una forma distinta a la forma base tanto para pasado simple como para participio pasado que tendraacutes que estudiar Ejemplos de verbos irregulares BE GO DO SEE READ EAT WRITE etc

Algunos verbos regulares tienen que cambiar la grafiacutea antes de antildeadir ldquo-edrdquo para formar el pasado simple

16

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

Futuro con ldquoGoing tordquoFUTURO con ldquoGOING TOrdquoEstructura del verboPRESENTE VERBO TO BE + GOING TO + VERBO PRINCIPAL (INF Oslash TO)Recuerda que el verbo To Be tenemos que adaptarlo al sujeto

Recuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + AM IS ARE + GOING TO + VERBO + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI am going to buy a car next yearrdquo

Ej2 ldquoShe is going to have a baby next winterrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey are going to get married next Julyrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + AM IS ARE + NOT + GOING TO + VERBO + COMPLEj1 ldquoI am not going to buy a car next yearrdquo o ldquoIrsquom not going tohelliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoShe is not going to have a baby next winterrdquo o ldquoShersquos notrdquoEj3 ldquoThey are not going to get married next Julyrdquo o ldquoThey arenrsquotrdquoEstructura de la oracioacuten() AM IS ARE + SUJETO + GOING TO + VERBO+ COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoAre you going to buy a car next yearrdquo

Ej2 ldquoIs she going to have a baby next winterrdquo

Ej3 ldquoAre they going to get married next Julyrdquo

USOS Intencioacuten (planes) ldquoI am going to buy a car next yearrdquo

6

(I am saving money to buy a car next yearrdquo

ldquoShe is going to have a baby next winterrdquo

(She is pregnant)

Certeza (estamos seguros de algo)ldquoI am going to pass the examrdquo

(I am studying a lot and I am sure of it)

Futuro inmediato ldquoI am going to sleep now Good nightrdquo

Expresiones de tiempoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los

complementos Ejemplos

Tonight Tomorrow

Next Sunday Next weekend Next summer Next year etc

EJERCICIOS

1 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en futuro Usa Be going to

1) He helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis friend (phone)

2) We helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa new computer game

(play)

3) My sister helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipTV

(watch)

4) We helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa T-shirt

(notbuy)

5) Jane helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto the office

(go)

6) They helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto the bus stop this

afternoon (walk)

7) You helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner (notprepare)

8) His brother helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa letter to his uncle

today (write)

7

9) She helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher aunt (visit)

10) I helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipmy homework after school

(do)

2 Lee las frases y explica queacute van a hacer Usa Be going to y los siguientes verbos

Go to sleep play football study go to the beach clean

1 Helen likes swimming

2 My car is dirty

3 Helen is tired

4 The students have a test

5 We are bored

3 Pon las palabras en el orden correcto para hacer oraciones interrogativas

1 visit you to are the museum going

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 cook is to ken dinner tonight going

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 to going are work they tomorrow

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 the city she is going tour to

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 they to are going at the pub meet

8

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres interrogativos

Los pronombres interrogativos nos sirven para hacer preguntas maacutes concretasCuando no nos vale que nos respondan con un ldquosiacuterdquo o un ldquonordquo cuando queremos datos concretos debemos utilizar los pronombres interrogativos para centrar nuestras preguntas y que nos respondan exactamente lo que queremos saberLos pronombres interrogativos ocupan el primer puesto en las preguntas incluso por delante del verbo auxiliar La estructura de una pregunta en general seriacutea la siguiente

PRONOMBRE INTERROGATIVO AUXILIAR SUJETO VERBO COMPLEMENTOSWhat are you doing nowWhere does he liveWhy did she break the windowWhen will you come

Como ves esta estructura sirve para cualquier tiempo verbal

A) Pronombres maacutes utilizados

-WhyhellipiquestPor queacutehellipWhy are you happy Because I am going to a concert tonight

-Wherehellip iquestDoacutendehellipWhere do you live I live in Ciudad Real

Where is your mobile phone Itrsquos on the table

-Whenhellip iquestCuaacutendohellipWhen is Meganrsquos birthday Itrsquos in September

When were you born I was born on March 12th

-Whathellip iquestQueacutehellip What is your name My name is Steve-Whohellip iquestQuieacutenhellipWho is that woman Oh shersquos Emilyrsquos sister-Howhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCoacutemohellip How is Susan after the accident Shersquos fineHow did you come here I came here by bus

9

-WhichhellipiquestQueacutehellip iquestCuaacutelhellipWhich colour do you prefer RedWhich film do you want to see I want to see Grease-Whosehellip iquestDe quieacutenhellip Whose coat is this Itrsquos Susanrsquos-How longiquestCuaacutento tiempohellip iquestDesde hace cuaacutendohellipHow long have you lived in York Since 1993

How long have you studied English For eight years-How oftenhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCada cuaacutentohellip iquestCon queacute frecuenciahellipHow often do you go out at night Every weekendHow often do you travel to Argentina Once a year-How farhellip iquestA queacute distanciahellip How far is Toledo Itrsquost 85 km -How muchhellip Cosas incontables (liacutequidos tiempo dineroetc)hellipiquestCuaacutento CuaacutentahellipHow much milk do you need Half a litre

How much are these shoes please euro 35

-How manyhellip Cosas contables iquestCuaacutentos CuaacutentashellipHow many people are coming for dinner 3 peopleHow many books did you read last year More than 20

EJERCICIOS

1 Emplea lsquowhorsquo lsquowhosersquo lsquowhatrsquo o lsquowhichrsquo en los siguientes frasesa) lsquo____________time is itrsquo lsquoItrsquos half past threersquob) lsquo________________ jacket is thisrsquo lsquoItrsquos minersquoc) lsquoIrsquove got chocolate ice cream and vanilla ice cream ________________ do youpreferrsquod) lsquo______________ is that man with your wifersquo lsquoItrsquos her bossrsquoe) lsquo_________________ did you sayrsquo lsquoI didnrsquot say anythingrsquo

2 Completa con How much or How many___________birds are there There are two birds

10

___________money is there There are three thousand dollars______________dolphins are there There are two dolphins_____________ pencils are there There are thirteen pencils_________________ books are there There are three books______________milk is there There are four litres of milk

3 Completa con What Where Why When How

1) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you like best

2) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Bill get up in the morning

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdont you go by bus Max

4) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphobbies does Andrew have

5) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo they go to every week

6) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipold is Mike

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis Susans birthday

8) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare my exercise books

9) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare you doing at the moment Sally

1 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan I get a newspaper You can get it at Park Street

2 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis your best friend Its Paul

3 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Nick live He lives in Boston

4 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcolour is your new bike Its blue

5 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you collect I collect stamps

6 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan help me I can

7 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwas your first word as a baby I dont know

8 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born On May 21st

1 Completa con Who What When Where How Which

11

9 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born I was born in Manchester

10 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you doing last Sunday I was sailing

Verbos modales

Caracteriacutesticas generales de los verbos modalesbull son auxiliares (es decir forman negativa interrogativa y no pueden ir solos)

bull no tienen significado (por eso mismo no pueden ir nunca solos)

bull siempre acompantildean a un verbo principal (que seraacute quien lleve el significado)

bull son invariables (es decir no antildeaden ldquondashsrdquo en 3ordf persona de singular)

bull no tienen tiempo verbal (excepto ldquocanrdquo y su equivalente ldquocouldrdquo en pasado)

bull siempre van seguidos de infinitivo sin ldquotordquo Es decir

o NO antildeade ldquo-srdquo de 3ordf persona singular

o NO antildeade ldquo-ingrdquo

o NO antildeade ldquo-edrdquo de pasado si es regular

o NO se pone en pasado simple (segunda columna) si es irregular

o NO lleva ldquotordquo delanteo TAMPOCO va seguido nunca de ldquotordquo

MUST (obligacioacuten)Usos

- Obligaciones requisitos externosldquoYou must have a driving licence to work hererdquoDebes tener carnet de conducir para trabajar aquiacute rarr Si no lo tienes no puedestrabajar

-Obligaciones que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoI must studyrdquo ldquoDebo estudiarrdquo rarrEs una obligacioacuten que me pongo yo mismoa

iexcliexcliexclΘJΘ La negativa de ldquoMUSTrdquo no indica ausencia de obligacioacuten o lo que es lo mismo no niega la negacioacuten no la quita ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo se utiliza para hacer

12

prohibiciones

UsosProhibiciones de todo tipo tanto normas oficiales como internas que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoYou mustnrsquot smoke in the officerdquo Estaacute prohibido fumar en la oficina Si lo haces

incumples la norma te metes en un liacuteo

SHOULD (consejos recomendaciones)UsosRecomendaciones You should speak Japaneserdquo Deberiacuteas hablar japoneacutes rarr Si no hablas no pasa nada

Consejos que damos para mejorar la situacioacuten de alguien

You are tired ldquoYou should sleeprdquo Estaacutes cansado rarr Deberiacuteas irte a dormir

You smoke a lot ldquoYou shouldnrsquot smokerdquo Fumas demasiado rarr No deberiacuteas fumar

CAN (habilidad permiso informal posibilidad)

Usos

HABILIDAD capacidades facilidades o conocimientos que tenemos para hacer cosas

ldquoIsabel can speak GermanrdquoLisa puede hablar alemaacuten rarr Lo ha aprendido es algo que sabe hacer

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono informal si conocemos a la otra persona

ldquoCan I go homerdquoiquestPuedo irme a casa rarr Pides permisoldquoSorry you canrsquot go home nowrdquo Lo siento no puedes irte a casa

13

MAY (probabilidad permiso formal)UsosPROBABILIDAD de que algo que no es seguro ocurra

ldquoYou may get the jobrdquo Puede que consigas el trabajo rarr No es seguro pero puedes conseguirlo

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono formal si no conocemos a la otra persona o no tenemos confianza con ellaldquoMay I come inrdquoiquestPuedo pasar rarr A una oficina por ejemploldquoMay I use the phonerdquo iquestPuedo utilizar el teleacutefono rarr No tienes confianza no sabes si te dejaraacuten utilizarlo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa con CAN MUST MUSTNrsquoT1 In France you __________ ride a moped at the age of 142 You ________ be 18 to have a driving licence3 You ________ drive fast4 Young drivers ________have an A-sticker on their cars

2 Completa con MUST o MUSTNrsquoT

1) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip brush your teeth three times a day

2) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip forget to do your homework regularly

3) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip wear warm clothes when it is cold outside

4) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip chew gum in class

5) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip study hard if you want to pass your exams

6) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip play football in the classroom

7) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip listen to your teacher very carefully

8) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip be rude to your grandparents

9) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip go to the dentists twice a year

10) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip stay in bed when you are ill

14

3 Elige el verbo correcto

1 __________ you tell me the way to the nearest bank (COULD MUST)

2 We __________ hurry - were late (CAN MUST)

3 You ________ give up smoking Its bad for your health (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

4 Matrix is a wonderful film You _________ watch it (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

5 _________ you help me with this exercise (MAY CAN)

6 Stephen Kings latest book is great I _________ read it (CAN MUST)

7 Mary ________ respect her parents (CAN SHOULD)

8 Look at Peters car He_________be very rich (MUST SHOULD)

9 You ________ drive so fast - its very dangerous (MUSTNT SHOULD)

10 Shall we phone Mary now --- I dont know Its early She ________ not

be home from work yet (CAN MAY)

11 We ________ leave the door open - the rain will come in (CAN

MUSTNT)

12 She looks pretty sick - I think she ________ go to a doctor (can should)

13 Youve been driving all day - You ________ be exhausted (must should)

14 Hey Im lost - ________ you help me (Should Can)

15 You have such a beautiful voice - You ________ sing for us (should

can)

16 I know he speaks five languages but ________ he speak Arabic

(should can)

4 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Meetread buy phone go help

1 We ____________ to the bank today We havenrsquot got any money

2 Shersquos a very interesting candidate You ____________ her

3 I didnrsquot phone Tim yesterday I ____________ him today

4 This is an excellent book You ____________ it

5 I have a very big problem You ____________ me

6 We ____________ some food We havenrsquot got anything for dinner

15

5 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be tell smoke use

1 This secret is very important You ____________ anyone

2 This is a public building You ____________ here

3 This interview is very important You ----------------late

4 You ____________ my car

6 Completa las frases con ldquoSHOULDrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be go read visit look wear

1 When you speak to the manager you ____________ at him

2 She looks tired She ____________ to bed

3 Everybody ____________ on time for the meeting

4 The cafeteria is very nice We ____________ it

5 When you are driving you ____________ a seat-belt

6 Itrsquos a very good book He ____________

Bloque 11 A la hora de estudiar el Pasado Simple veraacutes que hay dos tipos de verbos

a- regulares antildeaden ndashED a su forma base para hacer tanto su forma en pasado simple como para participio pasado Son ejemplos de verbos regularesPLAY STUDY WATCH TRAVEL NEED WANT etcb- irregulares tienen una forma distinta a la forma base tanto para pasado simple como para participio pasado que tendraacutes que estudiar Ejemplos de verbos irregulares BE GO DO SEE READ EAT WRITE etc

Algunos verbos regulares tienen que cambiar la grafiacutea antes de antildeadir ldquo-edrdquo para formar el pasado simple

16

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

(I am saving money to buy a car next yearrdquo

ldquoShe is going to have a baby next winterrdquo

(She is pregnant)

Certeza (estamos seguros de algo)ldquoI am going to pass the examrdquo

(I am studying a lot and I am sure of it)

Futuro inmediato ldquoI am going to sleep now Good nightrdquo

Expresiones de tiempoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los

complementos Ejemplos

Tonight Tomorrow

Next Sunday Next weekend Next summer Next year etc

EJERCICIOS

1 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en futuro Usa Be going to

1) He helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis friend (phone)

2) We helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa new computer game

(play)

3) My sister helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipTV

(watch)

4) We helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa T-shirt

(notbuy)

5) Jane helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto the office

(go)

6) They helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto the bus stop this

afternoon (walk)

7) You helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner (notprepare)

8) His brother helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa letter to his uncle

today (write)

7

9) She helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher aunt (visit)

10) I helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipmy homework after school

(do)

2 Lee las frases y explica queacute van a hacer Usa Be going to y los siguientes verbos

Go to sleep play football study go to the beach clean

1 Helen likes swimming

2 My car is dirty

3 Helen is tired

4 The students have a test

5 We are bored

3 Pon las palabras en el orden correcto para hacer oraciones interrogativas

1 visit you to are the museum going

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 cook is to ken dinner tonight going

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 to going are work they tomorrow

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 the city she is going tour to

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 they to are going at the pub meet

8

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres interrogativos

Los pronombres interrogativos nos sirven para hacer preguntas maacutes concretasCuando no nos vale que nos respondan con un ldquosiacuterdquo o un ldquonordquo cuando queremos datos concretos debemos utilizar los pronombres interrogativos para centrar nuestras preguntas y que nos respondan exactamente lo que queremos saberLos pronombres interrogativos ocupan el primer puesto en las preguntas incluso por delante del verbo auxiliar La estructura de una pregunta en general seriacutea la siguiente

PRONOMBRE INTERROGATIVO AUXILIAR SUJETO VERBO COMPLEMENTOSWhat are you doing nowWhere does he liveWhy did she break the windowWhen will you come

Como ves esta estructura sirve para cualquier tiempo verbal

A) Pronombres maacutes utilizados

-WhyhellipiquestPor queacutehellipWhy are you happy Because I am going to a concert tonight

-Wherehellip iquestDoacutendehellipWhere do you live I live in Ciudad Real

Where is your mobile phone Itrsquos on the table

-Whenhellip iquestCuaacutendohellipWhen is Meganrsquos birthday Itrsquos in September

When were you born I was born on March 12th

-Whathellip iquestQueacutehellip What is your name My name is Steve-Whohellip iquestQuieacutenhellipWho is that woman Oh shersquos Emilyrsquos sister-Howhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCoacutemohellip How is Susan after the accident Shersquos fineHow did you come here I came here by bus

9

-WhichhellipiquestQueacutehellip iquestCuaacutelhellipWhich colour do you prefer RedWhich film do you want to see I want to see Grease-Whosehellip iquestDe quieacutenhellip Whose coat is this Itrsquos Susanrsquos-How longiquestCuaacutento tiempohellip iquestDesde hace cuaacutendohellipHow long have you lived in York Since 1993

How long have you studied English For eight years-How oftenhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCada cuaacutentohellip iquestCon queacute frecuenciahellipHow often do you go out at night Every weekendHow often do you travel to Argentina Once a year-How farhellip iquestA queacute distanciahellip How far is Toledo Itrsquost 85 km -How muchhellip Cosas incontables (liacutequidos tiempo dineroetc)hellipiquestCuaacutento CuaacutentahellipHow much milk do you need Half a litre

How much are these shoes please euro 35

-How manyhellip Cosas contables iquestCuaacutentos CuaacutentashellipHow many people are coming for dinner 3 peopleHow many books did you read last year More than 20

EJERCICIOS

1 Emplea lsquowhorsquo lsquowhosersquo lsquowhatrsquo o lsquowhichrsquo en los siguientes frasesa) lsquo____________time is itrsquo lsquoItrsquos half past threersquob) lsquo________________ jacket is thisrsquo lsquoItrsquos minersquoc) lsquoIrsquove got chocolate ice cream and vanilla ice cream ________________ do youpreferrsquod) lsquo______________ is that man with your wifersquo lsquoItrsquos her bossrsquoe) lsquo_________________ did you sayrsquo lsquoI didnrsquot say anythingrsquo

2 Completa con How much or How many___________birds are there There are two birds

10

___________money is there There are three thousand dollars______________dolphins are there There are two dolphins_____________ pencils are there There are thirteen pencils_________________ books are there There are three books______________milk is there There are four litres of milk

3 Completa con What Where Why When How

1) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you like best

2) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Bill get up in the morning

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdont you go by bus Max

4) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphobbies does Andrew have

5) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo they go to every week

6) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipold is Mike

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis Susans birthday

8) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare my exercise books

9) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare you doing at the moment Sally

1 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan I get a newspaper You can get it at Park Street

2 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis your best friend Its Paul

3 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Nick live He lives in Boston

4 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcolour is your new bike Its blue

5 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you collect I collect stamps

6 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan help me I can

7 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwas your first word as a baby I dont know

8 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born On May 21st

1 Completa con Who What When Where How Which

11

9 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born I was born in Manchester

10 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you doing last Sunday I was sailing

Verbos modales

Caracteriacutesticas generales de los verbos modalesbull son auxiliares (es decir forman negativa interrogativa y no pueden ir solos)

bull no tienen significado (por eso mismo no pueden ir nunca solos)

bull siempre acompantildean a un verbo principal (que seraacute quien lleve el significado)

bull son invariables (es decir no antildeaden ldquondashsrdquo en 3ordf persona de singular)

bull no tienen tiempo verbal (excepto ldquocanrdquo y su equivalente ldquocouldrdquo en pasado)

bull siempre van seguidos de infinitivo sin ldquotordquo Es decir

o NO antildeade ldquo-srdquo de 3ordf persona singular

o NO antildeade ldquo-ingrdquo

o NO antildeade ldquo-edrdquo de pasado si es regular

o NO se pone en pasado simple (segunda columna) si es irregular

o NO lleva ldquotordquo delanteo TAMPOCO va seguido nunca de ldquotordquo

MUST (obligacioacuten)Usos

- Obligaciones requisitos externosldquoYou must have a driving licence to work hererdquoDebes tener carnet de conducir para trabajar aquiacute rarr Si no lo tienes no puedestrabajar

-Obligaciones que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoI must studyrdquo ldquoDebo estudiarrdquo rarrEs una obligacioacuten que me pongo yo mismoa

iexcliexcliexclΘJΘ La negativa de ldquoMUSTrdquo no indica ausencia de obligacioacuten o lo que es lo mismo no niega la negacioacuten no la quita ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo se utiliza para hacer

12

prohibiciones

UsosProhibiciones de todo tipo tanto normas oficiales como internas que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoYou mustnrsquot smoke in the officerdquo Estaacute prohibido fumar en la oficina Si lo haces

incumples la norma te metes en un liacuteo

SHOULD (consejos recomendaciones)UsosRecomendaciones You should speak Japaneserdquo Deberiacuteas hablar japoneacutes rarr Si no hablas no pasa nada

Consejos que damos para mejorar la situacioacuten de alguien

You are tired ldquoYou should sleeprdquo Estaacutes cansado rarr Deberiacuteas irte a dormir

You smoke a lot ldquoYou shouldnrsquot smokerdquo Fumas demasiado rarr No deberiacuteas fumar

CAN (habilidad permiso informal posibilidad)

Usos

HABILIDAD capacidades facilidades o conocimientos que tenemos para hacer cosas

ldquoIsabel can speak GermanrdquoLisa puede hablar alemaacuten rarr Lo ha aprendido es algo que sabe hacer

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono informal si conocemos a la otra persona

ldquoCan I go homerdquoiquestPuedo irme a casa rarr Pides permisoldquoSorry you canrsquot go home nowrdquo Lo siento no puedes irte a casa

13

MAY (probabilidad permiso formal)UsosPROBABILIDAD de que algo que no es seguro ocurra

ldquoYou may get the jobrdquo Puede que consigas el trabajo rarr No es seguro pero puedes conseguirlo

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono formal si no conocemos a la otra persona o no tenemos confianza con ellaldquoMay I come inrdquoiquestPuedo pasar rarr A una oficina por ejemploldquoMay I use the phonerdquo iquestPuedo utilizar el teleacutefono rarr No tienes confianza no sabes si te dejaraacuten utilizarlo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa con CAN MUST MUSTNrsquoT1 In France you __________ ride a moped at the age of 142 You ________ be 18 to have a driving licence3 You ________ drive fast4 Young drivers ________have an A-sticker on their cars

2 Completa con MUST o MUSTNrsquoT

1) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip brush your teeth three times a day

2) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip forget to do your homework regularly

3) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip wear warm clothes when it is cold outside

4) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip chew gum in class

5) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip study hard if you want to pass your exams

6) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip play football in the classroom

7) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip listen to your teacher very carefully

8) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip be rude to your grandparents

9) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip go to the dentists twice a year

10) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip stay in bed when you are ill

14

3 Elige el verbo correcto

1 __________ you tell me the way to the nearest bank (COULD MUST)

2 We __________ hurry - were late (CAN MUST)

3 You ________ give up smoking Its bad for your health (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

4 Matrix is a wonderful film You _________ watch it (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

5 _________ you help me with this exercise (MAY CAN)

6 Stephen Kings latest book is great I _________ read it (CAN MUST)

7 Mary ________ respect her parents (CAN SHOULD)

8 Look at Peters car He_________be very rich (MUST SHOULD)

9 You ________ drive so fast - its very dangerous (MUSTNT SHOULD)

10 Shall we phone Mary now --- I dont know Its early She ________ not

be home from work yet (CAN MAY)

11 We ________ leave the door open - the rain will come in (CAN

MUSTNT)

12 She looks pretty sick - I think she ________ go to a doctor (can should)

13 Youve been driving all day - You ________ be exhausted (must should)

14 Hey Im lost - ________ you help me (Should Can)

15 You have such a beautiful voice - You ________ sing for us (should

can)

16 I know he speaks five languages but ________ he speak Arabic

(should can)

4 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Meetread buy phone go help

1 We ____________ to the bank today We havenrsquot got any money

2 Shersquos a very interesting candidate You ____________ her

3 I didnrsquot phone Tim yesterday I ____________ him today

4 This is an excellent book You ____________ it

5 I have a very big problem You ____________ me

6 We ____________ some food We havenrsquot got anything for dinner

15

5 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be tell smoke use

1 This secret is very important You ____________ anyone

2 This is a public building You ____________ here

3 This interview is very important You ----------------late

4 You ____________ my car

6 Completa las frases con ldquoSHOULDrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be go read visit look wear

1 When you speak to the manager you ____________ at him

2 She looks tired She ____________ to bed

3 Everybody ____________ on time for the meeting

4 The cafeteria is very nice We ____________ it

5 When you are driving you ____________ a seat-belt

6 Itrsquos a very good book He ____________

Bloque 11 A la hora de estudiar el Pasado Simple veraacutes que hay dos tipos de verbos

a- regulares antildeaden ndashED a su forma base para hacer tanto su forma en pasado simple como para participio pasado Son ejemplos de verbos regularesPLAY STUDY WATCH TRAVEL NEED WANT etcb- irregulares tienen una forma distinta a la forma base tanto para pasado simple como para participio pasado que tendraacutes que estudiar Ejemplos de verbos irregulares BE GO DO SEE READ EAT WRITE etc

Algunos verbos regulares tienen que cambiar la grafiacutea antes de antildeadir ldquo-edrdquo para formar el pasado simple

16

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

9) She helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher aunt (visit)

10) I helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipmy homework after school

(do)

2 Lee las frases y explica queacute van a hacer Usa Be going to y los siguientes verbos

Go to sleep play football study go to the beach clean

1 Helen likes swimming

2 My car is dirty

3 Helen is tired

4 The students have a test

5 We are bored

3 Pon las palabras en el orden correcto para hacer oraciones interrogativas

1 visit you to are the museum going

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 cook is to ken dinner tonight going

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 to going are work they tomorrow

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 the city she is going tour to

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 they to are going at the pub meet

8

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres interrogativos

Los pronombres interrogativos nos sirven para hacer preguntas maacutes concretasCuando no nos vale que nos respondan con un ldquosiacuterdquo o un ldquonordquo cuando queremos datos concretos debemos utilizar los pronombres interrogativos para centrar nuestras preguntas y que nos respondan exactamente lo que queremos saberLos pronombres interrogativos ocupan el primer puesto en las preguntas incluso por delante del verbo auxiliar La estructura de una pregunta en general seriacutea la siguiente

PRONOMBRE INTERROGATIVO AUXILIAR SUJETO VERBO COMPLEMENTOSWhat are you doing nowWhere does he liveWhy did she break the windowWhen will you come

Como ves esta estructura sirve para cualquier tiempo verbal

A) Pronombres maacutes utilizados

-WhyhellipiquestPor queacutehellipWhy are you happy Because I am going to a concert tonight

-Wherehellip iquestDoacutendehellipWhere do you live I live in Ciudad Real

Where is your mobile phone Itrsquos on the table

-Whenhellip iquestCuaacutendohellipWhen is Meganrsquos birthday Itrsquos in September

When were you born I was born on March 12th

-Whathellip iquestQueacutehellip What is your name My name is Steve-Whohellip iquestQuieacutenhellipWho is that woman Oh shersquos Emilyrsquos sister-Howhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCoacutemohellip How is Susan after the accident Shersquos fineHow did you come here I came here by bus

9

-WhichhellipiquestQueacutehellip iquestCuaacutelhellipWhich colour do you prefer RedWhich film do you want to see I want to see Grease-Whosehellip iquestDe quieacutenhellip Whose coat is this Itrsquos Susanrsquos-How longiquestCuaacutento tiempohellip iquestDesde hace cuaacutendohellipHow long have you lived in York Since 1993

How long have you studied English For eight years-How oftenhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCada cuaacutentohellip iquestCon queacute frecuenciahellipHow often do you go out at night Every weekendHow often do you travel to Argentina Once a year-How farhellip iquestA queacute distanciahellip How far is Toledo Itrsquost 85 km -How muchhellip Cosas incontables (liacutequidos tiempo dineroetc)hellipiquestCuaacutento CuaacutentahellipHow much milk do you need Half a litre

How much are these shoes please euro 35

-How manyhellip Cosas contables iquestCuaacutentos CuaacutentashellipHow many people are coming for dinner 3 peopleHow many books did you read last year More than 20

EJERCICIOS

1 Emplea lsquowhorsquo lsquowhosersquo lsquowhatrsquo o lsquowhichrsquo en los siguientes frasesa) lsquo____________time is itrsquo lsquoItrsquos half past threersquob) lsquo________________ jacket is thisrsquo lsquoItrsquos minersquoc) lsquoIrsquove got chocolate ice cream and vanilla ice cream ________________ do youpreferrsquod) lsquo______________ is that man with your wifersquo lsquoItrsquos her bossrsquoe) lsquo_________________ did you sayrsquo lsquoI didnrsquot say anythingrsquo

2 Completa con How much or How many___________birds are there There are two birds

10

___________money is there There are three thousand dollars______________dolphins are there There are two dolphins_____________ pencils are there There are thirteen pencils_________________ books are there There are three books______________milk is there There are four litres of milk

3 Completa con What Where Why When How

1) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you like best

2) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Bill get up in the morning

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdont you go by bus Max

4) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphobbies does Andrew have

5) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo they go to every week

6) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipold is Mike

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis Susans birthday

8) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare my exercise books

9) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare you doing at the moment Sally

1 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan I get a newspaper You can get it at Park Street

2 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis your best friend Its Paul

3 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Nick live He lives in Boston

4 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcolour is your new bike Its blue

5 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you collect I collect stamps

6 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan help me I can

7 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwas your first word as a baby I dont know

8 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born On May 21st

1 Completa con Who What When Where How Which

11

9 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born I was born in Manchester

10 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you doing last Sunday I was sailing

Verbos modales

Caracteriacutesticas generales de los verbos modalesbull son auxiliares (es decir forman negativa interrogativa y no pueden ir solos)

bull no tienen significado (por eso mismo no pueden ir nunca solos)

bull siempre acompantildean a un verbo principal (que seraacute quien lleve el significado)

bull son invariables (es decir no antildeaden ldquondashsrdquo en 3ordf persona de singular)

bull no tienen tiempo verbal (excepto ldquocanrdquo y su equivalente ldquocouldrdquo en pasado)

bull siempre van seguidos de infinitivo sin ldquotordquo Es decir

o NO antildeade ldquo-srdquo de 3ordf persona singular

o NO antildeade ldquo-ingrdquo

o NO antildeade ldquo-edrdquo de pasado si es regular

o NO se pone en pasado simple (segunda columna) si es irregular

o NO lleva ldquotordquo delanteo TAMPOCO va seguido nunca de ldquotordquo

MUST (obligacioacuten)Usos

- Obligaciones requisitos externosldquoYou must have a driving licence to work hererdquoDebes tener carnet de conducir para trabajar aquiacute rarr Si no lo tienes no puedestrabajar

-Obligaciones que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoI must studyrdquo ldquoDebo estudiarrdquo rarrEs una obligacioacuten que me pongo yo mismoa

iexcliexcliexclΘJΘ La negativa de ldquoMUSTrdquo no indica ausencia de obligacioacuten o lo que es lo mismo no niega la negacioacuten no la quita ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo se utiliza para hacer

12

prohibiciones

UsosProhibiciones de todo tipo tanto normas oficiales como internas que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoYou mustnrsquot smoke in the officerdquo Estaacute prohibido fumar en la oficina Si lo haces

incumples la norma te metes en un liacuteo

SHOULD (consejos recomendaciones)UsosRecomendaciones You should speak Japaneserdquo Deberiacuteas hablar japoneacutes rarr Si no hablas no pasa nada

Consejos que damos para mejorar la situacioacuten de alguien

You are tired ldquoYou should sleeprdquo Estaacutes cansado rarr Deberiacuteas irte a dormir

You smoke a lot ldquoYou shouldnrsquot smokerdquo Fumas demasiado rarr No deberiacuteas fumar

CAN (habilidad permiso informal posibilidad)

Usos

HABILIDAD capacidades facilidades o conocimientos que tenemos para hacer cosas

ldquoIsabel can speak GermanrdquoLisa puede hablar alemaacuten rarr Lo ha aprendido es algo que sabe hacer

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono informal si conocemos a la otra persona

ldquoCan I go homerdquoiquestPuedo irme a casa rarr Pides permisoldquoSorry you canrsquot go home nowrdquo Lo siento no puedes irte a casa

13

MAY (probabilidad permiso formal)UsosPROBABILIDAD de que algo que no es seguro ocurra

ldquoYou may get the jobrdquo Puede que consigas el trabajo rarr No es seguro pero puedes conseguirlo

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono formal si no conocemos a la otra persona o no tenemos confianza con ellaldquoMay I come inrdquoiquestPuedo pasar rarr A una oficina por ejemploldquoMay I use the phonerdquo iquestPuedo utilizar el teleacutefono rarr No tienes confianza no sabes si te dejaraacuten utilizarlo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa con CAN MUST MUSTNrsquoT1 In France you __________ ride a moped at the age of 142 You ________ be 18 to have a driving licence3 You ________ drive fast4 Young drivers ________have an A-sticker on their cars

2 Completa con MUST o MUSTNrsquoT

1) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip brush your teeth three times a day

2) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip forget to do your homework regularly

3) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip wear warm clothes when it is cold outside

4) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip chew gum in class

5) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip study hard if you want to pass your exams

6) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip play football in the classroom

7) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip listen to your teacher very carefully

8) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip be rude to your grandparents

9) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip go to the dentists twice a year

10) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip stay in bed when you are ill

14

3 Elige el verbo correcto

1 __________ you tell me the way to the nearest bank (COULD MUST)

2 We __________ hurry - were late (CAN MUST)

3 You ________ give up smoking Its bad for your health (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

4 Matrix is a wonderful film You _________ watch it (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

5 _________ you help me with this exercise (MAY CAN)

6 Stephen Kings latest book is great I _________ read it (CAN MUST)

7 Mary ________ respect her parents (CAN SHOULD)

8 Look at Peters car He_________be very rich (MUST SHOULD)

9 You ________ drive so fast - its very dangerous (MUSTNT SHOULD)

10 Shall we phone Mary now --- I dont know Its early She ________ not

be home from work yet (CAN MAY)

11 We ________ leave the door open - the rain will come in (CAN

MUSTNT)

12 She looks pretty sick - I think she ________ go to a doctor (can should)

13 Youve been driving all day - You ________ be exhausted (must should)

14 Hey Im lost - ________ you help me (Should Can)

15 You have such a beautiful voice - You ________ sing for us (should

can)

16 I know he speaks five languages but ________ he speak Arabic

(should can)

4 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Meetread buy phone go help

1 We ____________ to the bank today We havenrsquot got any money

2 Shersquos a very interesting candidate You ____________ her

3 I didnrsquot phone Tim yesterday I ____________ him today

4 This is an excellent book You ____________ it

5 I have a very big problem You ____________ me

6 We ____________ some food We havenrsquot got anything for dinner

15

5 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be tell smoke use

1 This secret is very important You ____________ anyone

2 This is a public building You ____________ here

3 This interview is very important You ----------------late

4 You ____________ my car

6 Completa las frases con ldquoSHOULDrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be go read visit look wear

1 When you speak to the manager you ____________ at him

2 She looks tired She ____________ to bed

3 Everybody ____________ on time for the meeting

4 The cafeteria is very nice We ____________ it

5 When you are driving you ____________ a seat-belt

6 Itrsquos a very good book He ____________

Bloque 11 A la hora de estudiar el Pasado Simple veraacutes que hay dos tipos de verbos

a- regulares antildeaden ndashED a su forma base para hacer tanto su forma en pasado simple como para participio pasado Son ejemplos de verbos regularesPLAY STUDY WATCH TRAVEL NEED WANT etcb- irregulares tienen una forma distinta a la forma base tanto para pasado simple como para participio pasado que tendraacutes que estudiar Ejemplos de verbos irregulares BE GO DO SEE READ EAT WRITE etc

Algunos verbos regulares tienen que cambiar la grafiacutea antes de antildeadir ldquo-edrdquo para formar el pasado simple

16

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres interrogativos

Los pronombres interrogativos nos sirven para hacer preguntas maacutes concretasCuando no nos vale que nos respondan con un ldquosiacuterdquo o un ldquonordquo cuando queremos datos concretos debemos utilizar los pronombres interrogativos para centrar nuestras preguntas y que nos respondan exactamente lo que queremos saberLos pronombres interrogativos ocupan el primer puesto en las preguntas incluso por delante del verbo auxiliar La estructura de una pregunta en general seriacutea la siguiente

PRONOMBRE INTERROGATIVO AUXILIAR SUJETO VERBO COMPLEMENTOSWhat are you doing nowWhere does he liveWhy did she break the windowWhen will you come

Como ves esta estructura sirve para cualquier tiempo verbal

A) Pronombres maacutes utilizados

-WhyhellipiquestPor queacutehellipWhy are you happy Because I am going to a concert tonight

-Wherehellip iquestDoacutendehellipWhere do you live I live in Ciudad Real

Where is your mobile phone Itrsquos on the table

-Whenhellip iquestCuaacutendohellipWhen is Meganrsquos birthday Itrsquos in September

When were you born I was born on March 12th

-Whathellip iquestQueacutehellip What is your name My name is Steve-Whohellip iquestQuieacutenhellipWho is that woman Oh shersquos Emilyrsquos sister-Howhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCoacutemohellip How is Susan after the accident Shersquos fineHow did you come here I came here by bus

9

-WhichhellipiquestQueacutehellip iquestCuaacutelhellipWhich colour do you prefer RedWhich film do you want to see I want to see Grease-Whosehellip iquestDe quieacutenhellip Whose coat is this Itrsquos Susanrsquos-How longiquestCuaacutento tiempohellip iquestDesde hace cuaacutendohellipHow long have you lived in York Since 1993

How long have you studied English For eight years-How oftenhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCada cuaacutentohellip iquestCon queacute frecuenciahellipHow often do you go out at night Every weekendHow often do you travel to Argentina Once a year-How farhellip iquestA queacute distanciahellip How far is Toledo Itrsquost 85 km -How muchhellip Cosas incontables (liacutequidos tiempo dineroetc)hellipiquestCuaacutento CuaacutentahellipHow much milk do you need Half a litre

How much are these shoes please euro 35

-How manyhellip Cosas contables iquestCuaacutentos CuaacutentashellipHow many people are coming for dinner 3 peopleHow many books did you read last year More than 20

EJERCICIOS

1 Emplea lsquowhorsquo lsquowhosersquo lsquowhatrsquo o lsquowhichrsquo en los siguientes frasesa) lsquo____________time is itrsquo lsquoItrsquos half past threersquob) lsquo________________ jacket is thisrsquo lsquoItrsquos minersquoc) lsquoIrsquove got chocolate ice cream and vanilla ice cream ________________ do youpreferrsquod) lsquo______________ is that man with your wifersquo lsquoItrsquos her bossrsquoe) lsquo_________________ did you sayrsquo lsquoI didnrsquot say anythingrsquo

2 Completa con How much or How many___________birds are there There are two birds

10

___________money is there There are three thousand dollars______________dolphins are there There are two dolphins_____________ pencils are there There are thirteen pencils_________________ books are there There are three books______________milk is there There are four litres of milk

3 Completa con What Where Why When How

1) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you like best

2) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Bill get up in the morning

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdont you go by bus Max

4) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphobbies does Andrew have

5) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo they go to every week

6) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipold is Mike

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis Susans birthday

8) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare my exercise books

9) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare you doing at the moment Sally

1 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan I get a newspaper You can get it at Park Street

2 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis your best friend Its Paul

3 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Nick live He lives in Boston

4 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcolour is your new bike Its blue

5 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you collect I collect stamps

6 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan help me I can

7 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwas your first word as a baby I dont know

8 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born On May 21st

1 Completa con Who What When Where How Which

11

9 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born I was born in Manchester

10 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you doing last Sunday I was sailing

Verbos modales

Caracteriacutesticas generales de los verbos modalesbull son auxiliares (es decir forman negativa interrogativa y no pueden ir solos)

bull no tienen significado (por eso mismo no pueden ir nunca solos)

bull siempre acompantildean a un verbo principal (que seraacute quien lleve el significado)

bull son invariables (es decir no antildeaden ldquondashsrdquo en 3ordf persona de singular)

bull no tienen tiempo verbal (excepto ldquocanrdquo y su equivalente ldquocouldrdquo en pasado)

bull siempre van seguidos de infinitivo sin ldquotordquo Es decir

o NO antildeade ldquo-srdquo de 3ordf persona singular

o NO antildeade ldquo-ingrdquo

o NO antildeade ldquo-edrdquo de pasado si es regular

o NO se pone en pasado simple (segunda columna) si es irregular

o NO lleva ldquotordquo delanteo TAMPOCO va seguido nunca de ldquotordquo

MUST (obligacioacuten)Usos

- Obligaciones requisitos externosldquoYou must have a driving licence to work hererdquoDebes tener carnet de conducir para trabajar aquiacute rarr Si no lo tienes no puedestrabajar

-Obligaciones que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoI must studyrdquo ldquoDebo estudiarrdquo rarrEs una obligacioacuten que me pongo yo mismoa

iexcliexcliexclΘJΘ La negativa de ldquoMUSTrdquo no indica ausencia de obligacioacuten o lo que es lo mismo no niega la negacioacuten no la quita ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo se utiliza para hacer

12

prohibiciones

UsosProhibiciones de todo tipo tanto normas oficiales como internas que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoYou mustnrsquot smoke in the officerdquo Estaacute prohibido fumar en la oficina Si lo haces

incumples la norma te metes en un liacuteo

SHOULD (consejos recomendaciones)UsosRecomendaciones You should speak Japaneserdquo Deberiacuteas hablar japoneacutes rarr Si no hablas no pasa nada

Consejos que damos para mejorar la situacioacuten de alguien

You are tired ldquoYou should sleeprdquo Estaacutes cansado rarr Deberiacuteas irte a dormir

You smoke a lot ldquoYou shouldnrsquot smokerdquo Fumas demasiado rarr No deberiacuteas fumar

CAN (habilidad permiso informal posibilidad)

Usos

HABILIDAD capacidades facilidades o conocimientos que tenemos para hacer cosas

ldquoIsabel can speak GermanrdquoLisa puede hablar alemaacuten rarr Lo ha aprendido es algo que sabe hacer

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono informal si conocemos a la otra persona

ldquoCan I go homerdquoiquestPuedo irme a casa rarr Pides permisoldquoSorry you canrsquot go home nowrdquo Lo siento no puedes irte a casa

13

MAY (probabilidad permiso formal)UsosPROBABILIDAD de que algo que no es seguro ocurra

ldquoYou may get the jobrdquo Puede que consigas el trabajo rarr No es seguro pero puedes conseguirlo

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono formal si no conocemos a la otra persona o no tenemos confianza con ellaldquoMay I come inrdquoiquestPuedo pasar rarr A una oficina por ejemploldquoMay I use the phonerdquo iquestPuedo utilizar el teleacutefono rarr No tienes confianza no sabes si te dejaraacuten utilizarlo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa con CAN MUST MUSTNrsquoT1 In France you __________ ride a moped at the age of 142 You ________ be 18 to have a driving licence3 You ________ drive fast4 Young drivers ________have an A-sticker on their cars

2 Completa con MUST o MUSTNrsquoT

1) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip brush your teeth three times a day

2) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip forget to do your homework regularly

3) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip wear warm clothes when it is cold outside

4) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip chew gum in class

5) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip study hard if you want to pass your exams

6) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip play football in the classroom

7) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip listen to your teacher very carefully

8) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip be rude to your grandparents

9) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip go to the dentists twice a year

10) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip stay in bed when you are ill

14

3 Elige el verbo correcto

1 __________ you tell me the way to the nearest bank (COULD MUST)

2 We __________ hurry - were late (CAN MUST)

3 You ________ give up smoking Its bad for your health (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

4 Matrix is a wonderful film You _________ watch it (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

5 _________ you help me with this exercise (MAY CAN)

6 Stephen Kings latest book is great I _________ read it (CAN MUST)

7 Mary ________ respect her parents (CAN SHOULD)

8 Look at Peters car He_________be very rich (MUST SHOULD)

9 You ________ drive so fast - its very dangerous (MUSTNT SHOULD)

10 Shall we phone Mary now --- I dont know Its early She ________ not

be home from work yet (CAN MAY)

11 We ________ leave the door open - the rain will come in (CAN

MUSTNT)

12 She looks pretty sick - I think she ________ go to a doctor (can should)

13 Youve been driving all day - You ________ be exhausted (must should)

14 Hey Im lost - ________ you help me (Should Can)

15 You have such a beautiful voice - You ________ sing for us (should

can)

16 I know he speaks five languages but ________ he speak Arabic

(should can)

4 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Meetread buy phone go help

1 We ____________ to the bank today We havenrsquot got any money

2 Shersquos a very interesting candidate You ____________ her

3 I didnrsquot phone Tim yesterday I ____________ him today

4 This is an excellent book You ____________ it

5 I have a very big problem You ____________ me

6 We ____________ some food We havenrsquot got anything for dinner

15

5 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be tell smoke use

1 This secret is very important You ____________ anyone

2 This is a public building You ____________ here

3 This interview is very important You ----------------late

4 You ____________ my car

6 Completa las frases con ldquoSHOULDrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be go read visit look wear

1 When you speak to the manager you ____________ at him

2 She looks tired She ____________ to bed

3 Everybody ____________ on time for the meeting

4 The cafeteria is very nice We ____________ it

5 When you are driving you ____________ a seat-belt

6 Itrsquos a very good book He ____________

Bloque 11 A la hora de estudiar el Pasado Simple veraacutes que hay dos tipos de verbos

a- regulares antildeaden ndashED a su forma base para hacer tanto su forma en pasado simple como para participio pasado Son ejemplos de verbos regularesPLAY STUDY WATCH TRAVEL NEED WANT etcb- irregulares tienen una forma distinta a la forma base tanto para pasado simple como para participio pasado que tendraacutes que estudiar Ejemplos de verbos irregulares BE GO DO SEE READ EAT WRITE etc

Algunos verbos regulares tienen que cambiar la grafiacutea antes de antildeadir ldquo-edrdquo para formar el pasado simple

16

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

-WhichhellipiquestQueacutehellip iquestCuaacutelhellipWhich colour do you prefer RedWhich film do you want to see I want to see Grease-Whosehellip iquestDe quieacutenhellip Whose coat is this Itrsquos Susanrsquos-How longiquestCuaacutento tiempohellip iquestDesde hace cuaacutendohellipHow long have you lived in York Since 1993

How long have you studied English For eight years-How oftenhellip helliphelliphellipiquestCada cuaacutentohellip iquestCon queacute frecuenciahellipHow often do you go out at night Every weekendHow often do you travel to Argentina Once a year-How farhellip iquestA queacute distanciahellip How far is Toledo Itrsquost 85 km -How muchhellip Cosas incontables (liacutequidos tiempo dineroetc)hellipiquestCuaacutento CuaacutentahellipHow much milk do you need Half a litre

How much are these shoes please euro 35

-How manyhellip Cosas contables iquestCuaacutentos CuaacutentashellipHow many people are coming for dinner 3 peopleHow many books did you read last year More than 20

EJERCICIOS

1 Emplea lsquowhorsquo lsquowhosersquo lsquowhatrsquo o lsquowhichrsquo en los siguientes frasesa) lsquo____________time is itrsquo lsquoItrsquos half past threersquob) lsquo________________ jacket is thisrsquo lsquoItrsquos minersquoc) lsquoIrsquove got chocolate ice cream and vanilla ice cream ________________ do youpreferrsquod) lsquo______________ is that man with your wifersquo lsquoItrsquos her bossrsquoe) lsquo_________________ did you sayrsquo lsquoI didnrsquot say anythingrsquo

2 Completa con How much or How many___________birds are there There are two birds

10

___________money is there There are three thousand dollars______________dolphins are there There are two dolphins_____________ pencils are there There are thirteen pencils_________________ books are there There are three books______________milk is there There are four litres of milk

3 Completa con What Where Why When How

1) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you like best

2) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Bill get up in the morning

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdont you go by bus Max

4) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphobbies does Andrew have

5) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo they go to every week

6) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipold is Mike

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis Susans birthday

8) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare my exercise books

9) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare you doing at the moment Sally

1 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan I get a newspaper You can get it at Park Street

2 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis your best friend Its Paul

3 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Nick live He lives in Boston

4 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcolour is your new bike Its blue

5 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you collect I collect stamps

6 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan help me I can

7 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwas your first word as a baby I dont know

8 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born On May 21st

1 Completa con Who What When Where How Which

11

9 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born I was born in Manchester

10 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you doing last Sunday I was sailing

Verbos modales

Caracteriacutesticas generales de los verbos modalesbull son auxiliares (es decir forman negativa interrogativa y no pueden ir solos)

bull no tienen significado (por eso mismo no pueden ir nunca solos)

bull siempre acompantildean a un verbo principal (que seraacute quien lleve el significado)

bull son invariables (es decir no antildeaden ldquondashsrdquo en 3ordf persona de singular)

bull no tienen tiempo verbal (excepto ldquocanrdquo y su equivalente ldquocouldrdquo en pasado)

bull siempre van seguidos de infinitivo sin ldquotordquo Es decir

o NO antildeade ldquo-srdquo de 3ordf persona singular

o NO antildeade ldquo-ingrdquo

o NO antildeade ldquo-edrdquo de pasado si es regular

o NO se pone en pasado simple (segunda columna) si es irregular

o NO lleva ldquotordquo delanteo TAMPOCO va seguido nunca de ldquotordquo

MUST (obligacioacuten)Usos

- Obligaciones requisitos externosldquoYou must have a driving licence to work hererdquoDebes tener carnet de conducir para trabajar aquiacute rarr Si no lo tienes no puedestrabajar

-Obligaciones que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoI must studyrdquo ldquoDebo estudiarrdquo rarrEs una obligacioacuten que me pongo yo mismoa

iexcliexcliexclΘJΘ La negativa de ldquoMUSTrdquo no indica ausencia de obligacioacuten o lo que es lo mismo no niega la negacioacuten no la quita ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo se utiliza para hacer

12

prohibiciones

UsosProhibiciones de todo tipo tanto normas oficiales como internas que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoYou mustnrsquot smoke in the officerdquo Estaacute prohibido fumar en la oficina Si lo haces

incumples la norma te metes en un liacuteo

SHOULD (consejos recomendaciones)UsosRecomendaciones You should speak Japaneserdquo Deberiacuteas hablar japoneacutes rarr Si no hablas no pasa nada

Consejos que damos para mejorar la situacioacuten de alguien

You are tired ldquoYou should sleeprdquo Estaacutes cansado rarr Deberiacuteas irte a dormir

You smoke a lot ldquoYou shouldnrsquot smokerdquo Fumas demasiado rarr No deberiacuteas fumar

CAN (habilidad permiso informal posibilidad)

Usos

HABILIDAD capacidades facilidades o conocimientos que tenemos para hacer cosas

ldquoIsabel can speak GermanrdquoLisa puede hablar alemaacuten rarr Lo ha aprendido es algo que sabe hacer

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono informal si conocemos a la otra persona

ldquoCan I go homerdquoiquestPuedo irme a casa rarr Pides permisoldquoSorry you canrsquot go home nowrdquo Lo siento no puedes irte a casa

13

MAY (probabilidad permiso formal)UsosPROBABILIDAD de que algo que no es seguro ocurra

ldquoYou may get the jobrdquo Puede que consigas el trabajo rarr No es seguro pero puedes conseguirlo

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono formal si no conocemos a la otra persona o no tenemos confianza con ellaldquoMay I come inrdquoiquestPuedo pasar rarr A una oficina por ejemploldquoMay I use the phonerdquo iquestPuedo utilizar el teleacutefono rarr No tienes confianza no sabes si te dejaraacuten utilizarlo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa con CAN MUST MUSTNrsquoT1 In France you __________ ride a moped at the age of 142 You ________ be 18 to have a driving licence3 You ________ drive fast4 Young drivers ________have an A-sticker on their cars

2 Completa con MUST o MUSTNrsquoT

1) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip brush your teeth three times a day

2) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip forget to do your homework regularly

3) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip wear warm clothes when it is cold outside

4) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip chew gum in class

5) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip study hard if you want to pass your exams

6) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip play football in the classroom

7) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip listen to your teacher very carefully

8) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip be rude to your grandparents

9) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip go to the dentists twice a year

10) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip stay in bed when you are ill

14

3 Elige el verbo correcto

1 __________ you tell me the way to the nearest bank (COULD MUST)

2 We __________ hurry - were late (CAN MUST)

3 You ________ give up smoking Its bad for your health (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

4 Matrix is a wonderful film You _________ watch it (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

5 _________ you help me with this exercise (MAY CAN)

6 Stephen Kings latest book is great I _________ read it (CAN MUST)

7 Mary ________ respect her parents (CAN SHOULD)

8 Look at Peters car He_________be very rich (MUST SHOULD)

9 You ________ drive so fast - its very dangerous (MUSTNT SHOULD)

10 Shall we phone Mary now --- I dont know Its early She ________ not

be home from work yet (CAN MAY)

11 We ________ leave the door open - the rain will come in (CAN

MUSTNT)

12 She looks pretty sick - I think she ________ go to a doctor (can should)

13 Youve been driving all day - You ________ be exhausted (must should)

14 Hey Im lost - ________ you help me (Should Can)

15 You have such a beautiful voice - You ________ sing for us (should

can)

16 I know he speaks five languages but ________ he speak Arabic

(should can)

4 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Meetread buy phone go help

1 We ____________ to the bank today We havenrsquot got any money

2 Shersquos a very interesting candidate You ____________ her

3 I didnrsquot phone Tim yesterday I ____________ him today

4 This is an excellent book You ____________ it

5 I have a very big problem You ____________ me

6 We ____________ some food We havenrsquot got anything for dinner

15

5 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be tell smoke use

1 This secret is very important You ____________ anyone

2 This is a public building You ____________ here

3 This interview is very important You ----------------late

4 You ____________ my car

6 Completa las frases con ldquoSHOULDrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be go read visit look wear

1 When you speak to the manager you ____________ at him

2 She looks tired She ____________ to bed

3 Everybody ____________ on time for the meeting

4 The cafeteria is very nice We ____________ it

5 When you are driving you ____________ a seat-belt

6 Itrsquos a very good book He ____________

Bloque 11 A la hora de estudiar el Pasado Simple veraacutes que hay dos tipos de verbos

a- regulares antildeaden ndashED a su forma base para hacer tanto su forma en pasado simple como para participio pasado Son ejemplos de verbos regularesPLAY STUDY WATCH TRAVEL NEED WANT etcb- irregulares tienen una forma distinta a la forma base tanto para pasado simple como para participio pasado que tendraacutes que estudiar Ejemplos de verbos irregulares BE GO DO SEE READ EAT WRITE etc

Algunos verbos regulares tienen que cambiar la grafiacutea antes de antildeadir ldquo-edrdquo para formar el pasado simple

16

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

___________money is there There are three thousand dollars______________dolphins are there There are two dolphins_____________ pencils are there There are thirteen pencils_________________ books are there There are three books______________milk is there There are four litres of milk

3 Completa con What Where Why When How

1) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you like best

2) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Bill get up in the morning

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdont you go by bus Max

4) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphobbies does Andrew have

5) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo they go to every week

6) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipold is Mike

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis Susans birthday

8) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare my exercise books

9) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipare you doing at the moment Sally

1 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan I get a newspaper You can get it at Park Street

2 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipis your best friend Its Paul

3 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdoes Nick live He lives in Boston

4 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcolour is your new bike Its blue

5 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdo you collect I collect stamps

6 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipcan help me I can

7 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwas your first word as a baby I dont know

8 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born On May 21st

1 Completa con Who What When Where How Which

11

9 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born I was born in Manchester

10 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you doing last Sunday I was sailing

Verbos modales

Caracteriacutesticas generales de los verbos modalesbull son auxiliares (es decir forman negativa interrogativa y no pueden ir solos)

bull no tienen significado (por eso mismo no pueden ir nunca solos)

bull siempre acompantildean a un verbo principal (que seraacute quien lleve el significado)

bull son invariables (es decir no antildeaden ldquondashsrdquo en 3ordf persona de singular)

bull no tienen tiempo verbal (excepto ldquocanrdquo y su equivalente ldquocouldrdquo en pasado)

bull siempre van seguidos de infinitivo sin ldquotordquo Es decir

o NO antildeade ldquo-srdquo de 3ordf persona singular

o NO antildeade ldquo-ingrdquo

o NO antildeade ldquo-edrdquo de pasado si es regular

o NO se pone en pasado simple (segunda columna) si es irregular

o NO lleva ldquotordquo delanteo TAMPOCO va seguido nunca de ldquotordquo

MUST (obligacioacuten)Usos

- Obligaciones requisitos externosldquoYou must have a driving licence to work hererdquoDebes tener carnet de conducir para trabajar aquiacute rarr Si no lo tienes no puedestrabajar

-Obligaciones que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoI must studyrdquo ldquoDebo estudiarrdquo rarrEs una obligacioacuten que me pongo yo mismoa

iexcliexcliexclΘJΘ La negativa de ldquoMUSTrdquo no indica ausencia de obligacioacuten o lo que es lo mismo no niega la negacioacuten no la quita ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo se utiliza para hacer

12

prohibiciones

UsosProhibiciones de todo tipo tanto normas oficiales como internas que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoYou mustnrsquot smoke in the officerdquo Estaacute prohibido fumar en la oficina Si lo haces

incumples la norma te metes en un liacuteo

SHOULD (consejos recomendaciones)UsosRecomendaciones You should speak Japaneserdquo Deberiacuteas hablar japoneacutes rarr Si no hablas no pasa nada

Consejos que damos para mejorar la situacioacuten de alguien

You are tired ldquoYou should sleeprdquo Estaacutes cansado rarr Deberiacuteas irte a dormir

You smoke a lot ldquoYou shouldnrsquot smokerdquo Fumas demasiado rarr No deberiacuteas fumar

CAN (habilidad permiso informal posibilidad)

Usos

HABILIDAD capacidades facilidades o conocimientos que tenemos para hacer cosas

ldquoIsabel can speak GermanrdquoLisa puede hablar alemaacuten rarr Lo ha aprendido es algo que sabe hacer

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono informal si conocemos a la otra persona

ldquoCan I go homerdquoiquestPuedo irme a casa rarr Pides permisoldquoSorry you canrsquot go home nowrdquo Lo siento no puedes irte a casa

13

MAY (probabilidad permiso formal)UsosPROBABILIDAD de que algo que no es seguro ocurra

ldquoYou may get the jobrdquo Puede que consigas el trabajo rarr No es seguro pero puedes conseguirlo

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono formal si no conocemos a la otra persona o no tenemos confianza con ellaldquoMay I come inrdquoiquestPuedo pasar rarr A una oficina por ejemploldquoMay I use the phonerdquo iquestPuedo utilizar el teleacutefono rarr No tienes confianza no sabes si te dejaraacuten utilizarlo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa con CAN MUST MUSTNrsquoT1 In France you __________ ride a moped at the age of 142 You ________ be 18 to have a driving licence3 You ________ drive fast4 Young drivers ________have an A-sticker on their cars

2 Completa con MUST o MUSTNrsquoT

1) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip brush your teeth three times a day

2) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip forget to do your homework regularly

3) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip wear warm clothes when it is cold outside

4) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip chew gum in class

5) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip study hard if you want to pass your exams

6) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip play football in the classroom

7) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip listen to your teacher very carefully

8) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip be rude to your grandparents

9) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip go to the dentists twice a year

10) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip stay in bed when you are ill

14

3 Elige el verbo correcto

1 __________ you tell me the way to the nearest bank (COULD MUST)

2 We __________ hurry - were late (CAN MUST)

3 You ________ give up smoking Its bad for your health (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

4 Matrix is a wonderful film You _________ watch it (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

5 _________ you help me with this exercise (MAY CAN)

6 Stephen Kings latest book is great I _________ read it (CAN MUST)

7 Mary ________ respect her parents (CAN SHOULD)

8 Look at Peters car He_________be very rich (MUST SHOULD)

9 You ________ drive so fast - its very dangerous (MUSTNT SHOULD)

10 Shall we phone Mary now --- I dont know Its early She ________ not

be home from work yet (CAN MAY)

11 We ________ leave the door open - the rain will come in (CAN

MUSTNT)

12 She looks pretty sick - I think she ________ go to a doctor (can should)

13 Youve been driving all day - You ________ be exhausted (must should)

14 Hey Im lost - ________ you help me (Should Can)

15 You have such a beautiful voice - You ________ sing for us (should

can)

16 I know he speaks five languages but ________ he speak Arabic

(should can)

4 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Meetread buy phone go help

1 We ____________ to the bank today We havenrsquot got any money

2 Shersquos a very interesting candidate You ____________ her

3 I didnrsquot phone Tim yesterday I ____________ him today

4 This is an excellent book You ____________ it

5 I have a very big problem You ____________ me

6 We ____________ some food We havenrsquot got anything for dinner

15

5 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be tell smoke use

1 This secret is very important You ____________ anyone

2 This is a public building You ____________ here

3 This interview is very important You ----------------late

4 You ____________ my car

6 Completa las frases con ldquoSHOULDrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be go read visit look wear

1 When you speak to the manager you ____________ at him

2 She looks tired She ____________ to bed

3 Everybody ____________ on time for the meeting

4 The cafeteria is very nice We ____________ it

5 When you are driving you ____________ a seat-belt

6 Itrsquos a very good book He ____________

Bloque 11 A la hora de estudiar el Pasado Simple veraacutes que hay dos tipos de verbos

a- regulares antildeaden ndashED a su forma base para hacer tanto su forma en pasado simple como para participio pasado Son ejemplos de verbos regularesPLAY STUDY WATCH TRAVEL NEED WANT etcb- irregulares tienen una forma distinta a la forma base tanto para pasado simple como para participio pasado que tendraacutes que estudiar Ejemplos de verbos irregulares BE GO DO SEE READ EAT WRITE etc

Algunos verbos regulares tienen que cambiar la grafiacutea antes de antildeadir ldquo-edrdquo para formar el pasado simple

16

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

9 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you born I was born in Manchester

10 helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipwere you doing last Sunday I was sailing

Verbos modales

Caracteriacutesticas generales de los verbos modalesbull son auxiliares (es decir forman negativa interrogativa y no pueden ir solos)

bull no tienen significado (por eso mismo no pueden ir nunca solos)

bull siempre acompantildean a un verbo principal (que seraacute quien lleve el significado)

bull son invariables (es decir no antildeaden ldquondashsrdquo en 3ordf persona de singular)

bull no tienen tiempo verbal (excepto ldquocanrdquo y su equivalente ldquocouldrdquo en pasado)

bull siempre van seguidos de infinitivo sin ldquotordquo Es decir

o NO antildeade ldquo-srdquo de 3ordf persona singular

o NO antildeade ldquo-ingrdquo

o NO antildeade ldquo-edrdquo de pasado si es regular

o NO se pone en pasado simple (segunda columna) si es irregular

o NO lleva ldquotordquo delanteo TAMPOCO va seguido nunca de ldquotordquo

MUST (obligacioacuten)Usos

- Obligaciones requisitos externosldquoYou must have a driving licence to work hererdquoDebes tener carnet de conducir para trabajar aquiacute rarr Si no lo tienes no puedestrabajar

-Obligaciones que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoI must studyrdquo ldquoDebo estudiarrdquo rarrEs una obligacioacuten que me pongo yo mismoa

iexcliexcliexclΘJΘ La negativa de ldquoMUSTrdquo no indica ausencia de obligacioacuten o lo que es lo mismo no niega la negacioacuten no la quita ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo se utiliza para hacer

12

prohibiciones

UsosProhibiciones de todo tipo tanto normas oficiales como internas que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoYou mustnrsquot smoke in the officerdquo Estaacute prohibido fumar en la oficina Si lo haces

incumples la norma te metes en un liacuteo

SHOULD (consejos recomendaciones)UsosRecomendaciones You should speak Japaneserdquo Deberiacuteas hablar japoneacutes rarr Si no hablas no pasa nada

Consejos que damos para mejorar la situacioacuten de alguien

You are tired ldquoYou should sleeprdquo Estaacutes cansado rarr Deberiacuteas irte a dormir

You smoke a lot ldquoYou shouldnrsquot smokerdquo Fumas demasiado rarr No deberiacuteas fumar

CAN (habilidad permiso informal posibilidad)

Usos

HABILIDAD capacidades facilidades o conocimientos que tenemos para hacer cosas

ldquoIsabel can speak GermanrdquoLisa puede hablar alemaacuten rarr Lo ha aprendido es algo que sabe hacer

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono informal si conocemos a la otra persona

ldquoCan I go homerdquoiquestPuedo irme a casa rarr Pides permisoldquoSorry you canrsquot go home nowrdquo Lo siento no puedes irte a casa

13

MAY (probabilidad permiso formal)UsosPROBABILIDAD de que algo que no es seguro ocurra

ldquoYou may get the jobrdquo Puede que consigas el trabajo rarr No es seguro pero puedes conseguirlo

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono formal si no conocemos a la otra persona o no tenemos confianza con ellaldquoMay I come inrdquoiquestPuedo pasar rarr A una oficina por ejemploldquoMay I use the phonerdquo iquestPuedo utilizar el teleacutefono rarr No tienes confianza no sabes si te dejaraacuten utilizarlo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa con CAN MUST MUSTNrsquoT1 In France you __________ ride a moped at the age of 142 You ________ be 18 to have a driving licence3 You ________ drive fast4 Young drivers ________have an A-sticker on their cars

2 Completa con MUST o MUSTNrsquoT

1) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip brush your teeth three times a day

2) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip forget to do your homework regularly

3) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip wear warm clothes when it is cold outside

4) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip chew gum in class

5) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip study hard if you want to pass your exams

6) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip play football in the classroom

7) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip listen to your teacher very carefully

8) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip be rude to your grandparents

9) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip go to the dentists twice a year

10) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip stay in bed when you are ill

14

3 Elige el verbo correcto

1 __________ you tell me the way to the nearest bank (COULD MUST)

2 We __________ hurry - were late (CAN MUST)

3 You ________ give up smoking Its bad for your health (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

4 Matrix is a wonderful film You _________ watch it (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

5 _________ you help me with this exercise (MAY CAN)

6 Stephen Kings latest book is great I _________ read it (CAN MUST)

7 Mary ________ respect her parents (CAN SHOULD)

8 Look at Peters car He_________be very rich (MUST SHOULD)

9 You ________ drive so fast - its very dangerous (MUSTNT SHOULD)

10 Shall we phone Mary now --- I dont know Its early She ________ not

be home from work yet (CAN MAY)

11 We ________ leave the door open - the rain will come in (CAN

MUSTNT)

12 She looks pretty sick - I think she ________ go to a doctor (can should)

13 Youve been driving all day - You ________ be exhausted (must should)

14 Hey Im lost - ________ you help me (Should Can)

15 You have such a beautiful voice - You ________ sing for us (should

can)

16 I know he speaks five languages but ________ he speak Arabic

(should can)

4 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Meetread buy phone go help

1 We ____________ to the bank today We havenrsquot got any money

2 Shersquos a very interesting candidate You ____________ her

3 I didnrsquot phone Tim yesterday I ____________ him today

4 This is an excellent book You ____________ it

5 I have a very big problem You ____________ me

6 We ____________ some food We havenrsquot got anything for dinner

15

5 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be tell smoke use

1 This secret is very important You ____________ anyone

2 This is a public building You ____________ here

3 This interview is very important You ----------------late

4 You ____________ my car

6 Completa las frases con ldquoSHOULDrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be go read visit look wear

1 When you speak to the manager you ____________ at him

2 She looks tired She ____________ to bed

3 Everybody ____________ on time for the meeting

4 The cafeteria is very nice We ____________ it

5 When you are driving you ____________ a seat-belt

6 Itrsquos a very good book He ____________

Bloque 11 A la hora de estudiar el Pasado Simple veraacutes que hay dos tipos de verbos

a- regulares antildeaden ndashED a su forma base para hacer tanto su forma en pasado simple como para participio pasado Son ejemplos de verbos regularesPLAY STUDY WATCH TRAVEL NEED WANT etcb- irregulares tienen una forma distinta a la forma base tanto para pasado simple como para participio pasado que tendraacutes que estudiar Ejemplos de verbos irregulares BE GO DO SEE READ EAT WRITE etc

Algunos verbos regulares tienen que cambiar la grafiacutea antes de antildeadir ldquo-edrdquo para formar el pasado simple

16

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

prohibiciones

UsosProhibiciones de todo tipo tanto normas oficiales como internas que nos ponemos nosotros mismosldquoYou mustnrsquot smoke in the officerdquo Estaacute prohibido fumar en la oficina Si lo haces

incumples la norma te metes en un liacuteo

SHOULD (consejos recomendaciones)UsosRecomendaciones You should speak Japaneserdquo Deberiacuteas hablar japoneacutes rarr Si no hablas no pasa nada

Consejos que damos para mejorar la situacioacuten de alguien

You are tired ldquoYou should sleeprdquo Estaacutes cansado rarr Deberiacuteas irte a dormir

You smoke a lot ldquoYou shouldnrsquot smokerdquo Fumas demasiado rarr No deberiacuteas fumar

CAN (habilidad permiso informal posibilidad)

Usos

HABILIDAD capacidades facilidades o conocimientos que tenemos para hacer cosas

ldquoIsabel can speak GermanrdquoLisa puede hablar alemaacuten rarr Lo ha aprendido es algo que sabe hacer

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono informal si conocemos a la otra persona

ldquoCan I go homerdquoiquestPuedo irme a casa rarr Pides permisoldquoSorry you canrsquot go home nowrdquo Lo siento no puedes irte a casa

13

MAY (probabilidad permiso formal)UsosPROBABILIDAD de que algo que no es seguro ocurra

ldquoYou may get the jobrdquo Puede que consigas el trabajo rarr No es seguro pero puedes conseguirlo

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono formal si no conocemos a la otra persona o no tenemos confianza con ellaldquoMay I come inrdquoiquestPuedo pasar rarr A una oficina por ejemploldquoMay I use the phonerdquo iquestPuedo utilizar el teleacutefono rarr No tienes confianza no sabes si te dejaraacuten utilizarlo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa con CAN MUST MUSTNrsquoT1 In France you __________ ride a moped at the age of 142 You ________ be 18 to have a driving licence3 You ________ drive fast4 Young drivers ________have an A-sticker on their cars

2 Completa con MUST o MUSTNrsquoT

1) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip brush your teeth three times a day

2) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip forget to do your homework regularly

3) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip wear warm clothes when it is cold outside

4) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip chew gum in class

5) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip study hard if you want to pass your exams

6) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip play football in the classroom

7) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip listen to your teacher very carefully

8) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip be rude to your grandparents

9) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip go to the dentists twice a year

10) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip stay in bed when you are ill

14

3 Elige el verbo correcto

1 __________ you tell me the way to the nearest bank (COULD MUST)

2 We __________ hurry - were late (CAN MUST)

3 You ________ give up smoking Its bad for your health (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

4 Matrix is a wonderful film You _________ watch it (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

5 _________ you help me with this exercise (MAY CAN)

6 Stephen Kings latest book is great I _________ read it (CAN MUST)

7 Mary ________ respect her parents (CAN SHOULD)

8 Look at Peters car He_________be very rich (MUST SHOULD)

9 You ________ drive so fast - its very dangerous (MUSTNT SHOULD)

10 Shall we phone Mary now --- I dont know Its early She ________ not

be home from work yet (CAN MAY)

11 We ________ leave the door open - the rain will come in (CAN

MUSTNT)

12 She looks pretty sick - I think she ________ go to a doctor (can should)

13 Youve been driving all day - You ________ be exhausted (must should)

14 Hey Im lost - ________ you help me (Should Can)

15 You have such a beautiful voice - You ________ sing for us (should

can)

16 I know he speaks five languages but ________ he speak Arabic

(should can)

4 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Meetread buy phone go help

1 We ____________ to the bank today We havenrsquot got any money

2 Shersquos a very interesting candidate You ____________ her

3 I didnrsquot phone Tim yesterday I ____________ him today

4 This is an excellent book You ____________ it

5 I have a very big problem You ____________ me

6 We ____________ some food We havenrsquot got anything for dinner

15

5 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be tell smoke use

1 This secret is very important You ____________ anyone

2 This is a public building You ____________ here

3 This interview is very important You ----------------late

4 You ____________ my car

6 Completa las frases con ldquoSHOULDrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be go read visit look wear

1 When you speak to the manager you ____________ at him

2 She looks tired She ____________ to bed

3 Everybody ____________ on time for the meeting

4 The cafeteria is very nice We ____________ it

5 When you are driving you ____________ a seat-belt

6 Itrsquos a very good book He ____________

Bloque 11 A la hora de estudiar el Pasado Simple veraacutes que hay dos tipos de verbos

a- regulares antildeaden ndashED a su forma base para hacer tanto su forma en pasado simple como para participio pasado Son ejemplos de verbos regularesPLAY STUDY WATCH TRAVEL NEED WANT etcb- irregulares tienen una forma distinta a la forma base tanto para pasado simple como para participio pasado que tendraacutes que estudiar Ejemplos de verbos irregulares BE GO DO SEE READ EAT WRITE etc

Algunos verbos regulares tienen que cambiar la grafiacutea antes de antildeadir ldquo-edrdquo para formar el pasado simple

16

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

MAY (probabilidad permiso formal)UsosPROBABILIDAD de que algo que no es seguro ocurra

ldquoYou may get the jobrdquo Puede que consigas el trabajo rarr No es seguro pero puedes conseguirlo

PERMISO pedir permiso para hacer cosas en un tono formal si no conocemos a la otra persona o no tenemos confianza con ellaldquoMay I come inrdquoiquestPuedo pasar rarr A una oficina por ejemploldquoMay I use the phonerdquo iquestPuedo utilizar el teleacutefono rarr No tienes confianza no sabes si te dejaraacuten utilizarlo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa con CAN MUST MUSTNrsquoT1 In France you __________ ride a moped at the age of 142 You ________ be 18 to have a driving licence3 You ________ drive fast4 Young drivers ________have an A-sticker on their cars

2 Completa con MUST o MUSTNrsquoT

1) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip brush your teeth three times a day

2) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip forget to do your homework regularly

3) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip wear warm clothes when it is cold outside

4) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip chew gum in class

5) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip study hard if you want to pass your exams

6) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip play football in the classroom

7) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip listen to your teacher very carefully

8) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip be rude to your grandparents

9) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip go to the dentists twice a year

10) Youhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip stay in bed when you are ill

14

3 Elige el verbo correcto

1 __________ you tell me the way to the nearest bank (COULD MUST)

2 We __________ hurry - were late (CAN MUST)

3 You ________ give up smoking Its bad for your health (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

4 Matrix is a wonderful film You _________ watch it (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

5 _________ you help me with this exercise (MAY CAN)

6 Stephen Kings latest book is great I _________ read it (CAN MUST)

7 Mary ________ respect her parents (CAN SHOULD)

8 Look at Peters car He_________be very rich (MUST SHOULD)

9 You ________ drive so fast - its very dangerous (MUSTNT SHOULD)

10 Shall we phone Mary now --- I dont know Its early She ________ not

be home from work yet (CAN MAY)

11 We ________ leave the door open - the rain will come in (CAN

MUSTNT)

12 She looks pretty sick - I think she ________ go to a doctor (can should)

13 Youve been driving all day - You ________ be exhausted (must should)

14 Hey Im lost - ________ you help me (Should Can)

15 You have such a beautiful voice - You ________ sing for us (should

can)

16 I know he speaks five languages but ________ he speak Arabic

(should can)

4 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Meetread buy phone go help

1 We ____________ to the bank today We havenrsquot got any money

2 Shersquos a very interesting candidate You ____________ her

3 I didnrsquot phone Tim yesterday I ____________ him today

4 This is an excellent book You ____________ it

5 I have a very big problem You ____________ me

6 We ____________ some food We havenrsquot got anything for dinner

15

5 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be tell smoke use

1 This secret is very important You ____________ anyone

2 This is a public building You ____________ here

3 This interview is very important You ----------------late

4 You ____________ my car

6 Completa las frases con ldquoSHOULDrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be go read visit look wear

1 When you speak to the manager you ____________ at him

2 She looks tired She ____________ to bed

3 Everybody ____________ on time for the meeting

4 The cafeteria is very nice We ____________ it

5 When you are driving you ____________ a seat-belt

6 Itrsquos a very good book He ____________

Bloque 11 A la hora de estudiar el Pasado Simple veraacutes que hay dos tipos de verbos

a- regulares antildeaden ndashED a su forma base para hacer tanto su forma en pasado simple como para participio pasado Son ejemplos de verbos regularesPLAY STUDY WATCH TRAVEL NEED WANT etcb- irregulares tienen una forma distinta a la forma base tanto para pasado simple como para participio pasado que tendraacutes que estudiar Ejemplos de verbos irregulares BE GO DO SEE READ EAT WRITE etc

Algunos verbos regulares tienen que cambiar la grafiacutea antes de antildeadir ldquo-edrdquo para formar el pasado simple

16

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

3 Elige el verbo correcto

1 __________ you tell me the way to the nearest bank (COULD MUST)

2 We __________ hurry - were late (CAN MUST)

3 You ________ give up smoking Its bad for your health (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

4 Matrix is a wonderful film You _________ watch it (SHOULD

MUSTNT)

5 _________ you help me with this exercise (MAY CAN)

6 Stephen Kings latest book is great I _________ read it (CAN MUST)

7 Mary ________ respect her parents (CAN SHOULD)

8 Look at Peters car He_________be very rich (MUST SHOULD)

9 You ________ drive so fast - its very dangerous (MUSTNT SHOULD)

10 Shall we phone Mary now --- I dont know Its early She ________ not

be home from work yet (CAN MAY)

11 We ________ leave the door open - the rain will come in (CAN

MUSTNT)

12 She looks pretty sick - I think she ________ go to a doctor (can should)

13 Youve been driving all day - You ________ be exhausted (must should)

14 Hey Im lost - ________ you help me (Should Can)

15 You have such a beautiful voice - You ________ sing for us (should

can)

16 I know he speaks five languages but ________ he speak Arabic

(should can)

4 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Meetread buy phone go help

1 We ____________ to the bank today We havenrsquot got any money

2 Shersquos a very interesting candidate You ____________ her

3 I didnrsquot phone Tim yesterday I ____________ him today

4 This is an excellent book You ____________ it

5 I have a very big problem You ____________ me

6 We ____________ some food We havenrsquot got anything for dinner

15

5 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be tell smoke use

1 This secret is very important You ____________ anyone

2 This is a public building You ____________ here

3 This interview is very important You ----------------late

4 You ____________ my car

6 Completa las frases con ldquoSHOULDrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be go read visit look wear

1 When you speak to the manager you ____________ at him

2 She looks tired She ____________ to bed

3 Everybody ____________ on time for the meeting

4 The cafeteria is very nice We ____________ it

5 When you are driving you ____________ a seat-belt

6 Itrsquos a very good book He ____________

Bloque 11 A la hora de estudiar el Pasado Simple veraacutes que hay dos tipos de verbos

a- regulares antildeaden ndashED a su forma base para hacer tanto su forma en pasado simple como para participio pasado Son ejemplos de verbos regularesPLAY STUDY WATCH TRAVEL NEED WANT etcb- irregulares tienen una forma distinta a la forma base tanto para pasado simple como para participio pasado que tendraacutes que estudiar Ejemplos de verbos irregulares BE GO DO SEE READ EAT WRITE etc

Algunos verbos regulares tienen que cambiar la grafiacutea antes de antildeadir ldquo-edrdquo para formar el pasado simple

16

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

5 Completa las frases con ldquoMUSTNrsquoTrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be tell smoke use

1 This secret is very important You ____________ anyone

2 This is a public building You ____________ here

3 This interview is very important You ----------------late

4 You ____________ my car

6 Completa las frases con ldquoSHOULDrdquo y uno de los verbos siguientes

Be go read visit look wear

1 When you speak to the manager you ____________ at him

2 She looks tired She ____________ to bed

3 Everybody ____________ on time for the meeting

4 The cafeteria is very nice We ____________ it

5 When you are driving you ____________ a seat-belt

6 Itrsquos a very good book He ____________

Bloque 11 A la hora de estudiar el Pasado Simple veraacutes que hay dos tipos de verbos

a- regulares antildeaden ndashED a su forma base para hacer tanto su forma en pasado simple como para participio pasado Son ejemplos de verbos regularesPLAY STUDY WATCH TRAVEL NEED WANT etcb- irregulares tienen una forma distinta a la forma base tanto para pasado simple como para participio pasado que tendraacutes que estudiar Ejemplos de verbos irregulares BE GO DO SEE READ EAT WRITE etc

Algunos verbos regulares tienen que cambiar la grafiacutea antes de antildeadir ldquo-edrdquo para formar el pasado simple

16

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

a Los verbos que acaban en ndashE muda (que no suena) soacutelo antildeaden -dWave ndash Wave + D rarr He waveD goobyeSmoke ndash Smoke + D rarr She smokeD a lot yesterdayb Verbos de una siacutelaba que acaban en CVC es decir consonante + vocal +consonante doblan la uacuteltima consonanteStop ndash StoppED rarr She stopPED to have coffeeBeg ndash BeggED rarr We beGGED pardonc Los verbos que acaban en ndashY con una consonante delante cambian la ndashYpor ndashI antes de antildeadir -EDStudy ndash Study + I + ED rarr He studIED a lot for the examCarry ndash Carry + I + ED rarr I carrIED all the heavy booksOJO los verbos que acaban en ndashX no doblan la uacuteltima consonanteFix ndash Fixed rarr The mechanic fixED my carMix ndash MixED rarr Susan mixED blue and yellowOJO los verbos de dos siacutelabas que acaban en ndashL doblan la uacuteltimaconsonanteTravel ndash Travelled rarr I travellED to Dublin last year

Cancel ndash CancellED rarr BA cancellED our flightEJERCICIOS

1) Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verboswork walk copy stayplan carry enjoy robempty miss cry marrymix stop play explaintravel try dance happen

Verbos Irregulares Utilizan la forma de la segunda columna

Escribe la forma de pasado simple de cada uno de los siguientes verbos

17

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLEbebuildbuycomedodrinkdriveeatfindgetgivegohaveknowreadsayseeselltaketellthinkwriteEstructura de la oracioacutenAFIRMATIVASujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoI watched TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoPete played football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoThey went to London two years agordquoNEGATIVASujeto + DID + NOT + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoI did not watch TV last nightrdquo o ldquoI didnrsquothelliprdquoEj2 ldquoPete didnrsquot play football last weekendrdquo o ldquoTom didnrsquothelliprdquoEj3 ldquoThey did not go to London two years agordquo o ldquoThey didnrsquotrdquoINTERROGATIVADID + sujeto + verbo en forma base + complementosEj1 ldquoDid you watch TV last nightrdquoEj2 ldquoDid Pete play football last weekendrdquoEj3 ldquoDid they go to London two years agordquoLas expresiones de tiempo se colocan al final de la oracioacuten en el lugar de los complementos Ejemplosyesterdaylast night last weekend last Monday last month last yearone day ago two weeks ago five minutes ago half an hour agoIn 1997 in the 19th century in the pastFrom 9 to 12 from Monday to Friday from April to October

El verbo TO BE actuacutea como su propio auxiliar Por tanto es el uacutenico verbo que no necesita de DID para las preguntas y negativasAdemaacutes es irregular y es el uacutenico verbo que distingue dos formas en pasado

18

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

Was para las personas del singular(I He She It) excepto lsquoYoursquoWere para todas las personas del plural (We You They)Estructura de la oracioacuten(+)Sujeto + verbo en pasado + complementosEj1 ldquoIHeShe was here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were in the same class at schoolrdquo(ndash)Sujeto + WASWERE +NOT + complementosEj1 ldquoIheshe was not here last summerrdquo o wasnrsquotEj2 ldquoWeYouThey were not at school yesterdayrdquo o werenrsquot()WASWERE + sujeto + complementosEj1 ldquoWas Iheshe here last summerrdquoEj2 ldquoWere weyouthey here last summerrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con Were was werenrsquot o wasnrsquot

1) you at the party last night

2) Yes wehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip it good

4) No ithelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) Wherehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyou born

6) Ihelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipborn in Australia

7) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour parents Australian

8) No they My motherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipItalian and my fatherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip Greek

2) Completa con la forma correcta del verbo en PASADO SIMPLEa) Lisa really _____________ (like) eating chocolate ice-creams when she was achildb) Last weekend I _____________ (work) at the Barnabeez restaurantc) My school friends and I _____________ (go) to Malta last summerd) I _____________ (run) for one hour last night

19

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

3) Transforma estas oraciones en negativasa) I did my homework last nightb) My parents went to Italy for one monthc) Tommy broke that vase two days agod) We gave mum a bunch of flowers for her birthday4 Haz oraciones interrogativas en Pasado Simple1) how they go to work

2) what he have for lunch

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3) when you watch the film

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4) why the teacher check the computer

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) where your father repair the kite

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

6) the cat run after the dog

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

7) when Eric phone his friend

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

8) what Peggy throw

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

9) why Julia ask questions

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

10) be the boys in the sun

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pasado ContinuoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO BE EN PASADO (WAS WERE) + VERBO PRINCIPAL EN ndashINGRecuerda que el verbo principal es el que lleva el significado(+) SUJETO + WASWERE + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI was reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

20

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoThey were playing football yesterday morningrdquo

(ndash) SUJETO + WASWERE + NOT + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoShe was not reading a book at 1030PMrdquo o ldquoShe wasnrsquot helliprdquo

Ej2 ldquoHe was driving his car at 800amrdquo o ldquoHe wasnrsquotrdquoEj3 ldquoThey were not playing football yesterdayrdquo o ldquoThey werenrsquotrdquo() WASWERE + SUJETO + VERBO-ING + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoWas she reading a book at 1030PMrdquo

Ej2 ldquoWas he driving his car at 800amrdquo

Ej3 ldquoWere they playing football yesterday morningrdquo

UsosAcciones que estaban ocurriendo en un momento pasado concretoldquoYou were having dinner at 900PM last nightrdquo

ldquoIt was raining this morningrdquo

Acciones que son interrumpidas por algoldquoMary was reading when the phone rangrdquo

EJERCICIOS

1 Completa las frases con el pasado continuo de uno de los siguientes verbos

Sit talk eat play drive listen look

1 Peterhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphis car at six orsquoclock last night

2 Barry and Carlahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip at a table in the cafeacute Theyhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip ice cream

3 Dorahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipat the flowers in the park

4 Elenahelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to her mother on the phone

5 Frankhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe guitar Gail and Halhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip to Frank

21

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

2 Escribe frases en Pasado Continuo describiendo lo que hizo Lorna ayer

Thursday 17 April

730- have breakfast1helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

800-travel on bus2helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

1100- do history test3helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

100- have lunch4helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

400- visit grandma5helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 Escribe frases negativas sobre lo que no hizo Lorna ayer

1 go to the cinema

2 sit in a park

3 make supper

4 study in the library

4- Pon en forma negativa e interrogativa

My neighbour lost her purse

a)

b)

I rode slowly

a)

b)

He was making a lot of noise at midnight

a)

b)

22

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

They came early

a)

b)

His sisters were sitting at the table

a)

b)

We ran away

a)

b)

The sun set at 745

a)

b)

It was getting dark at 7

a)

b)

I was talking to Tim the other day

a)

b)

We were listening to the radio from 5 to 6

a)

b)

5 Completa las frases con la forma correcta de los verbos Usa el

Pasado Simple o el Pasado Continuo

1) While he _____________ (talk) on the phone I _____________

(watch) TV

2) I _____________ (overtake) a lorry when I heard a noise

3) We _____________ (watch) a movie when the television went

black

4) While she _____________ (pack) the bags I_____________

(look) for our

passports

23

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

5) We _____________ (complain) about the weather when it stopped

raining

6) Sandra _____________ (wash) the dishes when she broke a

glass

Pasado PerfectoEstructura del verbo VERBO TO HAVE EN PASADO + PARTICIPIO PASADOVERBOS REGULARES HAD + (VERBO)-EDVERBOS IRREGULARES HAD + 3ordf COLUMNA DE LA LISTA DE VERBOS

(+) SUJETO + HAD + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had stopped my car before the accident happenedrdquo

Ej2 ldquoTom had lived in Toledo before so he knew people thererdquo

SUJETO + HAD + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoWe had seen that film so we didnrsquot go to the cinema

(ndash) SUJETO + HAD + NOT + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoI had not stopped my car before the accidentrdquo o ldquoI hadnrsquotrdquoEj2 ldquoTom had not lived in Toledo before helliprdquo o ldquoHe hadnrsquotrdquoSUJETO + HAD + NOT + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEj3 ldquoWe had not seen that film so we wenthelliprdquo o ldquoWe hadnrsquotrdquoEj4 ldquoShe had not met that man beforerdquo o ldquoShe hadnrsquotrdquo () HAD + SUJETO + (VERBO)-ED + COMPLEMENTOSEj1 ldquoHad you stopped your car before the accidentrdquo

Ej2 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo beforerdquo

HAD + SUJETO + (3ordf COLUMNA VERBOS IRREG) + COMPLEMENTOSEj3 ldquoHad they seen that filmrdquo

Ej4 ldquoHad Tom lived in Toledo before

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares

24

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 speak - 9 do-2 catch - 10 buy-3 eat - 11 be-4 understand - 12drink-5 begin ndash 13 forget-6 come- 14find-7 write- 15 hide-8 choose- 16 give-

2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 I lost the key that he (give) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipto me

2 She told me that she (see) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa ghost

3 I went downstairs because I (hear) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa noise

4 When they came home Sue (cook) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipdinner already

5 We could not send you a postcard because we (forget) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipour

address book

3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 The waiter served something that we (not order)helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 He went to Alaska where he (not be) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore

3 She put on the red dress which she (not wear) helliphelliphelliphelliphellipfor ages

4 He (not play) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliptennis before that day

5 His mother was angry because he (not help) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipher with

the shopping

4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1 (you finish) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipyour homework before you went to the

cinema

2 (why you clean) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipthe bathroom before you bathed the

dog

3 (you have) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbreakfast before you came here

4 (she find) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipa place to stay when she went to

Boston

25

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

5 (where she live) helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipbefore she moved to Chicago

Introduccioacuten a la condicioacutenLo primero que tenemos que destacar sobre las condicionales es que se trata

de oraciones compuestas Es decir una condicional combina DOS unidades o

SVC (sujeto+verbo+complementos)

CONDICIONAL = CONDICIOacuteN + CONSECUENCIAUna de ellas la subordinada es la CONDICIOacuteN mientras que la unidad

principal es la CONSECUENCIA Como puedes imaginarte una depende de

otra por eso se llama condicional ldquocon la condicioacuten de quehelliprdquo

El nexo de unioacuten entre ambas es la partiacutecula ldquoIFrdquo que es la que indica la condicioacuten ldquoIFrdquo es el ldquosirdquo condicional eacutese que en castellano no lleva nunca tildeWILL + base form of verb IF + present simpleYoursquoll pass the English exam IF you studyI will stay at home IF it rainsTambieacuten puedes encontrar la condicioacuten en primer lugarIF + present simple WILL + base form of verbIF you study you will pass the English examIF it rains I will stay at homeIF you go to school you will make new friends

EJERCICIOS

1 Sentildeala la respuesta correcta

1 If it iswill be hot tomorrow we will go to the beach

2 If you want those shoes I buy will buy them

3 If I have will have a party all my friends will come

4 If we ride our bikes it is will be quicker

5 They will take their umbrellas if it rainswill rain

6 If you look on the website you find will find information

2 Pon los verbos entre pareacutentesis en la forma correcta para formar oraciones condicionales

26

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

1) If my mum comes on time we ____________________________

(go shopping)

2) If you take me to the cinema I ____________________________

(buy) some Popcorn

3) I ____________________________ (cook) dinner if you do the

washing up

4) The teacher ____________________________ (give) me extra

marks if I do a project about the II World War

5) If it starts raining I ____________________________ (stay) at

home until it stops

6) They ____________________________ (go) to the laundry if they

have time

7) If I get some extra money this month

I____________________________(buy) a new computer

8) We will celebrate the party inside the house if it

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip (rain) tomorrow

9) You will fail if you ____________________________ (not study)

10) If your husband calls I ____________________________ (tell)

him to call later

11) If she ____________________________ the lottery she will travel

around the world

12) If we ______________ (get) a cat you ______________ (have) to

look after it

13) If I ______________ (not be) too busy this afternoon I

______________ (take) the dog for a walk

14) If we ______________ (hurry) we ______________ (get) to the

mall before it closes

4 Escribe frases condicionales

i not recycle destroy forests

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipii miss the bus be late for school

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiii kill endangered animals disappear from earth

27

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipiv not drive cars save the environment

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipv not pollute the water have more water to drink

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Bloque 12 Made inhellipEn esta unidad vamos a ver la voz pasiva opuesta a la voz activa iquestConoces ladiferencia entre ambasEn la voz activa nos centramos en la persona o cosa que realiza la accioacuten delverboEn la voz pasiva nos centramos en la persona o cosa que recibe la accioacuten del verboVamos a transformar una oracioacuten en voz activa lo que hay a la derecha del verbo (el objeto) pasa ahora a la izquierda del nuevo verbo (sujeto) Lo que en la activa estaacute a la izquierda del verbo (sujeto) pasa a la derecha (complemento agente)El verbo en activa se divide en dos en pasiva1048707 el auxiliar BE hereda el mismo tiempo verbal1048707 el verbo principal (el que da el significado) se pone en participio pasadomake rarr is made manufactured rarr was manufacturedYa tenemos la nueva oracioacuten en pasivaVERBO TO BE + PARTICIPIO PASADO DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL

EJERCICIOS

1 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mr Jones watches the filmhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The people speak Englishhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He reads comicshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We play volleyball

28

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5) They sing the songhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I take photoshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) She does the houseworkhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen help the childrenhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He writes text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother waters the flowershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 Escribe las siguientes frases en voz pasiva

1) Mary bought a new carhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip2) The boys broke the windowshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip3) He studied English last yearhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip4) We played the guitar in the concerthelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5) The teacher wrote the sentences on the blackboardhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6) I watched a film on TVhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7) My mother ordered a pizza for dinnerhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip8) The policemen helped the children

29

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9) He sent two text messageshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip10) My mother gave a present to my brotherhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

Pronombres personales objetoComo ya sabes los pronombres son partiacuteculas que sustituyen a los nombres

Cuando queremos referirnos a cualquier persona que no hace la funcioacuten de

sujeto y queremos utilizar el pronombre en lugar de su nombre debemos usar

los pronombres en funcioacuten de objeto

ME

YOU

HIM HER IT

US

THEM

Si el pronombre estaacute detraacutes del verbo es un pronombre objetoLouise phoned John yesterday She phoned him yesterday

Steve invited Sue to a party last week He invited her to a party last week

EJERCICIOS

1 Sustituye las palabras subrayadas por el pronombre correcto

1 I hate cleaning my room

2 She loves listening to Britney Spears

3 We work with Peter and Susan

4 Tell my sister the truth

30

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect

5 I will bring Charles a present

6 We saw Peter and Paul yesterday

7 Irsquom looking for Mary

8 Have you seen the cat

9 Jane will help Peter

10 Paul is coming to see Peter and me

11 Irsquom going to buy the children a book

12 Mary is talking to Peter and you

2 Completa las preguntas con el pronombre objeto adecuado

1 I like Mary Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

2 I like Paul Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

3 I like this dress Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

4 I like Mary and Helen Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

5 I like cats Do you likehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip

31

  • 1 Escribe el participio pasado de los siguientes verbos irregulares
  • 2 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 3 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect
  • 4 Escribe los verbos entre pareacutentesis en Past Perfect