Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 1

GUIA

GRAMATICAL

2014

Prof Ma Candela Peacuterez Albizuacute

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 2

INTRODUCCION

Las palabras pertenecen a distintas clases gramaticales En algunas lenguas la palabra misma nos dice a que clase pertenece Pero en ingleacutes hay muy pocas pistas en la palabra misma y con frecuencia tenemos que mirar el contexto

Adjetivo sustantivo preposicioacuten

Ej The little child ran quickly up another hill

Articulo verbo adverbio cuantificador

Ademaacutes muchas palabras pueden funcionar como miembros de una clase en un contexto y como miembros de otra clase en otros contextos

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 3

CLASES DE CATEGORIAS GRAMATICALES

PALABRAS DE CONTENIDO Items de vocabulario Con la adicioacuten de un prefijo o sufijo cambian de categoriacutea

gramatical y significado Tienen significado propio Conforman un sistema abierto

Sustantivos

Adjetivos

Adverbios

Verbos

PALABRAS FUNCIONALES Establecen relaciones entre conceptos Dependen de otras palabras para su

significado Forman un sistema cerrado

Determinantes

Pronombres

Preposiciones

Conectores

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 4

iquestCoacutemo nos referimos a las personas y a las cosas

Dicho sencillamente usamos el lenguaje para hablar acerca de las personas y de

las cosas Hacemos esto uti lizando las palabras de diversos modos por ejemplo para hacer afirmaciones formular preguntas y dar oacuterdenes

Ademaacutes organizamos las palabras que elegimos en grupos o bloques de significado ya sea alrededor de un sustantivo o alrededor de un verbo Estos grupos son llamados grupos (o frases) nominales y grupos (o frases) verbales

Los grupos nominales nos dicen de queacute personas o cosas se estaacute hablando Los grupos verbales nos dicen que se estaacute diciendo de ellos por ejemplo que estaacuten

haciendo

GRUPO NOMINAL

Un grupo nominal normalmente comprende un sustantivo (o pronombre) que funcionan como nuacutecleo rodeado por otros elementos los cuales todos de alguna manera caracterizan ese sustantivo determinantes premodificadores y

postmodificadores El ingleacutes es un idioma muy nominalizado y por lo tanto el significado leacutexico en gran

medida se encuentra en los grupos nominales El grupo nominal es una secuencia linguumliacutestica que puede funcionar como sujeto objeto complemento del sujeto o complemento de una preposicioacuten

La definicioacuten de sustantivo maacutes conocida dice que eacuteste describe a una persona lugar o cosa Sin embargo utilizamos los sustantivos para expresar tambieacuten otros

significados tales como conceptos cualidades organizaciones comunidades sensaciones Se aplican a los sustantivos las categoriacuteas de nuacutemero geacutenero y caso

Food guide pyramid

A Food guide pyramid is a quantitative nutrition guideline using a mnemonic graphic of a pyramid with hierarchical separated zones to represent suggested percentages of the daily

diet for different food groups Since 1992 the first well known pyramid by the USDA several other countries and organizations published nutrition suggestions in pyramidal

representation as well[1]

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 2

INTRODUCCION

Las palabras pertenecen a distintas clases gramaticales En algunas lenguas la palabra misma nos dice a que clase pertenece Pero en ingleacutes hay muy pocas pistas en la palabra misma y con frecuencia tenemos que mirar el contexto

Adjetivo sustantivo preposicioacuten

Ej The little child ran quickly up another hill

Articulo verbo adverbio cuantificador

Ademaacutes muchas palabras pueden funcionar como miembros de una clase en un contexto y como miembros de otra clase en otros contextos

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 3

CLASES DE CATEGORIAS GRAMATICALES

PALABRAS DE CONTENIDO Items de vocabulario Con la adicioacuten de un prefijo o sufijo cambian de categoriacutea

gramatical y significado Tienen significado propio Conforman un sistema abierto

Sustantivos

Adjetivos

Adverbios

Verbos

PALABRAS FUNCIONALES Establecen relaciones entre conceptos Dependen de otras palabras para su

significado Forman un sistema cerrado

Determinantes

Pronombres

Preposiciones

Conectores

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 4

iquestCoacutemo nos referimos a las personas y a las cosas

Dicho sencillamente usamos el lenguaje para hablar acerca de las personas y de

las cosas Hacemos esto uti lizando las palabras de diversos modos por ejemplo para hacer afirmaciones formular preguntas y dar oacuterdenes

Ademaacutes organizamos las palabras que elegimos en grupos o bloques de significado ya sea alrededor de un sustantivo o alrededor de un verbo Estos grupos son llamados grupos (o frases) nominales y grupos (o frases) verbales

Los grupos nominales nos dicen de queacute personas o cosas se estaacute hablando Los grupos verbales nos dicen que se estaacute diciendo de ellos por ejemplo que estaacuten

haciendo

GRUPO NOMINAL

Un grupo nominal normalmente comprende un sustantivo (o pronombre) que funcionan como nuacutecleo rodeado por otros elementos los cuales todos de alguna manera caracterizan ese sustantivo determinantes premodificadores y

postmodificadores El ingleacutes es un idioma muy nominalizado y por lo tanto el significado leacutexico en gran

medida se encuentra en los grupos nominales El grupo nominal es una secuencia linguumliacutestica que puede funcionar como sujeto objeto complemento del sujeto o complemento de una preposicioacuten

La definicioacuten de sustantivo maacutes conocida dice que eacuteste describe a una persona lugar o cosa Sin embargo utilizamos los sustantivos para expresar tambieacuten otros

significados tales como conceptos cualidades organizaciones comunidades sensaciones Se aplican a los sustantivos las categoriacuteas de nuacutemero geacutenero y caso

Food guide pyramid

A Food guide pyramid is a quantitative nutrition guideline using a mnemonic graphic of a pyramid with hierarchical separated zones to represent suggested percentages of the daily

diet for different food groups Since 1992 the first well known pyramid by the USDA several other countries and organizations published nutrition suggestions in pyramidal

representation as well[1]

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 3

CLASES DE CATEGORIAS GRAMATICALES

PALABRAS DE CONTENIDO Items de vocabulario Con la adicioacuten de un prefijo o sufijo cambian de categoriacutea

gramatical y significado Tienen significado propio Conforman un sistema abierto

Sustantivos

Adjetivos

Adverbios

Verbos

PALABRAS FUNCIONALES Establecen relaciones entre conceptos Dependen de otras palabras para su

significado Forman un sistema cerrado

Determinantes

Pronombres

Preposiciones

Conectores

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 4

iquestCoacutemo nos referimos a las personas y a las cosas

Dicho sencillamente usamos el lenguaje para hablar acerca de las personas y de

las cosas Hacemos esto uti lizando las palabras de diversos modos por ejemplo para hacer afirmaciones formular preguntas y dar oacuterdenes

Ademaacutes organizamos las palabras que elegimos en grupos o bloques de significado ya sea alrededor de un sustantivo o alrededor de un verbo Estos grupos son llamados grupos (o frases) nominales y grupos (o frases) verbales

Los grupos nominales nos dicen de queacute personas o cosas se estaacute hablando Los grupos verbales nos dicen que se estaacute diciendo de ellos por ejemplo que estaacuten

haciendo

GRUPO NOMINAL

Un grupo nominal normalmente comprende un sustantivo (o pronombre) que funcionan como nuacutecleo rodeado por otros elementos los cuales todos de alguna manera caracterizan ese sustantivo determinantes premodificadores y

postmodificadores El ingleacutes es un idioma muy nominalizado y por lo tanto el significado leacutexico en gran

medida se encuentra en los grupos nominales El grupo nominal es una secuencia linguumliacutestica que puede funcionar como sujeto objeto complemento del sujeto o complemento de una preposicioacuten

La definicioacuten de sustantivo maacutes conocida dice que eacuteste describe a una persona lugar o cosa Sin embargo utilizamos los sustantivos para expresar tambieacuten otros

significados tales como conceptos cualidades organizaciones comunidades sensaciones Se aplican a los sustantivos las categoriacuteas de nuacutemero geacutenero y caso

Food guide pyramid

A Food guide pyramid is a quantitative nutrition guideline using a mnemonic graphic of a pyramid with hierarchical separated zones to represent suggested percentages of the daily

diet for different food groups Since 1992 the first well known pyramid by the USDA several other countries and organizations published nutrition suggestions in pyramidal

representation as well[1]

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 4

iquestCoacutemo nos referimos a las personas y a las cosas

Dicho sencillamente usamos el lenguaje para hablar acerca de las personas y de

las cosas Hacemos esto uti lizando las palabras de diversos modos por ejemplo para hacer afirmaciones formular preguntas y dar oacuterdenes

Ademaacutes organizamos las palabras que elegimos en grupos o bloques de significado ya sea alrededor de un sustantivo o alrededor de un verbo Estos grupos son llamados grupos (o frases) nominales y grupos (o frases) verbales

Los grupos nominales nos dicen de queacute personas o cosas se estaacute hablando Los grupos verbales nos dicen que se estaacute diciendo de ellos por ejemplo que estaacuten

haciendo

GRUPO NOMINAL

Un grupo nominal normalmente comprende un sustantivo (o pronombre) que funcionan como nuacutecleo rodeado por otros elementos los cuales todos de alguna manera caracterizan ese sustantivo determinantes premodificadores y

postmodificadores El ingleacutes es un idioma muy nominalizado y por lo tanto el significado leacutexico en gran

medida se encuentra en los grupos nominales El grupo nominal es una secuencia linguumliacutestica que puede funcionar como sujeto objeto complemento del sujeto o complemento de una preposicioacuten

La definicioacuten de sustantivo maacutes conocida dice que eacuteste describe a una persona lugar o cosa Sin embargo utilizamos los sustantivos para expresar tambieacuten otros

significados tales como conceptos cualidades organizaciones comunidades sensaciones Se aplican a los sustantivos las categoriacuteas de nuacutemero geacutenero y caso

Food guide pyramid

A Food guide pyramid is a quantitative nutrition guideline using a mnemonic graphic of a pyramid with hierarchical separated zones to represent suggested percentages of the daily

diet for different food groups Since 1992 the first well known pyramid by the USDA several other countries and organizations published nutrition suggestions in pyramidal

representation as well[1]

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 5

DETERMINANTES PREMODIFICADORES NUacuteCLEO POSMODIFICADORES

Ver tabla

(Adverbio +) Adjetivo

Sustantivo

Frase preposicional

Sustantivo

Claacuteusulas

Verboide (no infinitivos)

Verboide

Ejemplos

Como sujeto A food guide pyramid is helliphellip

Como objeto published nutrition suggestions in pyramidal representation

Como complementode una preposicion percentages of the daily diet

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 6

DETERMINANTES Y PRONOMBRES

DETERMINANTES (preceden al sustantivo)

PRONOMBRES = REFERENTES

CONTEXTUALES (reemplazan al sustantivo)

ARTIacuteCULOS

Definido the ----------------

Indefinido a an Indefinido one ones

DEMOSTRATIVOS This these that those

POSESIVOS My your his her its our your their

Mine yours his hers ours yours theirs

CUANTIFICADORES

All both half some any no every each either neither most more less least enough much many several few littleratherfairlyhardly

WH- What (ever) which (ever) who (ever) whose where

De relativo who whose whom which that

NUMERALES

Cardinales one two three

Ordinales first second next last other

GENITIVOS lsquos (Maryrsquos room is white) lsquos (Tomrsquos is blue)

Personales y reflexivos ver tabla

siguiente

PRONOMBRES

PERSONALES

REFLEXIVOS Sujeto Objeto

1ra persona

Singular I me myself

Plural we us ourselves

2da persona

Singular you you

yourself

Plural yourselves

3ra

persona

Singular

masc he him Himself

fem she her Herself

neutro it it Itself

Plural they them themselves

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 7

AFIJOS

PREFIJOS (marcan opuestos)

SUFIJOS (marcan la categoriacutea de la unidad

lexical)

SUSTANTIVOS

Dis (disproportion)

Under (underground)

De (deforestation) Mal (malformation)

A (amoral)

Pre (prerequisite) Post (postgraduate)

Er-or (driver-insulator-doctor) Ist (biologist) Ian (mathematici an)

Hood (neighbourhood) Ship (friendship) Ness (weakness)

Ance-ence(importance-confidence) Ment (investment-government) Tion (production)

Ity (productivity- necessity) Al (refusal-rehearsal) Age (storage)

Dom (freedom) Acy (democracy) Are (failure)

Ism (idealism) Th (depth-growth)

ADJETIVOS In (incomplete)

Im (impossible) Un (unnatural-unconscious) Ir (irregular)

Il (illegal) Dis (disobedient) Non (non-technical)

Ex (exterritorial) Over (overactive) Under (underestimated)

Able ndashible (reasonable)

Ory (compulsory) Al (natural) Ic (authentic)

Ive (creative) Ant-ent (important-confident) Ese (Chinese-Japanese)

Ian (Colombian-Australian) Ish (foolish) Y (creamy-hairy)

Ful (useful) Less (useless) Ed (distracted)

Er (comparativo longer) + Est (superlativo smallest) ++

VERBOS

Dis (to disappear)

De (to dehumidify) Mis ( to mispronounce) En (to enlarge-to enable)

Re (to rebuild-to review) Fore (to foretell) Over (to overheat-

overemphasize)

Ate (to activate-to confiscate)

Ify (to intensify-to simplify)

Ize (to specialize) En (to lenghten-to shorten)

ADVERBIOS

Los mismos prefijos de los adjetivos

Ly (quickly-friendly) Ward (upward-toward-backward)

Wise (clockwise-likewise)

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 8

GRUPO VERBAL

Bioethics

The next technological revolution will probably be in the field of genetic

research and engineering Cloning the name popularly given to these technologies is often associated with

science fiction horror stories because it suggests the creation of identical

people In reality it is impossible to create two identical people Personality character and behaviour are not

determined only by genetic factors The real aims of cloning technology are to help in the development of tissue for

transplantation in genetic diagnosis and in biological research But cloning

technology raises some very difficult bioethical questions

El grupo verbal estaacute formado por un verbo principal o un verbo principal precedido por uno o maacutes auxiliares que combina con un sujeto para decir lo que alguien o

algo hace o lo que les sucede Aunque generalmente los verbos se identifican primariamente con una accioacuten tambieacuten pueden expresar existencia condiciones y

procesos y relaciones Normalmente debe haber al menos un verbo en cada oracioacuten

Ejemplos de grupos verbales

formado por un verbo principal raises formado por un verbo principal precedido por uno o maacutes auxiliares will be

is associated are not determined

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 9

Clases de verbos

Verbos principales

no necesitan estar acompantildeados por otros verbos expresan el sentido principal del grupo verbal

Verbos auxiliares Se utilizan para

formar los tiempos verbales formular preguntas y negar

dar eacutenfasis evitar repetir una frase completa (substitucioacuten) hacer una evaluacioacuten juicio o interpretacioacuten acerca de los que estamos

diciendo o escribiendo o para expresar nuestra actitud hacia ello

Verbos auxiliares

AUXILIARES PRIMARIOS

to be am is are was were been being

to do

do does did done doing

to have

have has had had having

MODALES Poder Deber Futuro Condicioacuten

can =to be able must=have to will would

could

(pudopodriacutea)

should(deberiacutea)

may = puede

por posibilidad o permiso)

ought to

(debiera moralmente)

might (podriacutea)

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 10

Grupos verbales personales y no personales

A su vez los grupos verbales pueden ser

Personales denotan tiempo nuacutemero y persona concuerdan con el sujeto

(EjThe real aims of cloning technology are)

No personales infinitivo participio y gerundio ( eg the name popularly

given to these technologies)

TIEMPOS VERBALES

Al comunicarnos generalmente necesitamos indicar si nos estamos refiriendo a una situacioacuten que existe ahora que existioacute en el pasado o que puede existir

en el futuro El punto en el tiempo al cual se relaciona nuestro mensaje se indica generalmente en parte mediante el grupo verbal Se denomina tiempo al grupo de formas verbales que indican un punto en el

tiempo en particular o un periacuteodo de tiempo en el pasado presente o futuro El grupo de formas que pertenecen a un determinado tiempo generalmente se

obtienen agregando inflexiones a la forma del verbo tal como aparece en el diccionario o mediante la inclusioacuten de auxiliares o modales en el grupo verbal Resumiendo los verbos tienen varias formas Estas formas pueden ser

utilizadas solas o combinadas con verbos especiales llamados auxiliares Los grupos verbales pueden ser personales o no personales Si un grupo

verbal es personal entonces tiene tiempo

Interview script Recent Changes in Tourism Patterns

Lisa Brown Hello listeners Welcome to you all Today in our weekly programme lsquoFocus on Factrsquo we are going to look at the huge changes in tourism in Western Europe in recent years I have with me Gerry Gordon the local director of the International Tourist Board Hello Gerry Gerry Gordon Hello Lisa Good morning listeners LB Well the main reason for this interview today is that it is the beginning of the holiday season in this part of the world How has tourism changed recently and what are the causes GG Money mobility and air transport ndash these are the main factors that have caused the changes LB OK letrsquos start with money How has it influenced our holiday choices GG The main thing is that people in Western Europe generally now earn better wages than in the past Many workers get paid holidays too These are the reasons we can spend more to go on holiday LB And another thing you mentioned is mobility Does this just mean we have more cars

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 11

GG Yes thatrsquos one thing Just think in 1951 only 5 per cent of British families had a car By 2000 this had increased to almost 75 per cent And we mustnrsquot forget about the families with two cars or even more LB So we can move about more easily canrsquot we GG Yes but greater mobility doesnrsquot only mean we have more cars There are also better transport systems This means we can travel further and itrsquos much easier to get to popular tourist destinations For example better roads and motorways make it much easier to travel long distances by car LB How about other means of transport How have they changed our holidays GG OK take air transport reduced fares more flights easier booking systems larger and better airports hellip LB Yes but airports are still crowded arenrsquot they especially during the peak season Itrsquos often a nightmare you know with queues delays cancellations hellip GG Yes of course there are two sides to every coin hellip

This page has been downloaded from wwwonestopclilcom

Written by Aleksandra Zaparucha copy Copyright Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2008

VOZ ACTIVA Y PASIVA

Los grupos verbales pueden estar en voz activa o pasiva Voz activa grupos verbales donde el sujeto es la persona o la cosa que realiza

o es responsable de la accioacuten Es decir el sujeto del verbo es generalmente el agente el ldquohacedorrdquo

Voz pasiva grupos verbales donde el sujeto es la persona o cosa que es afectada por la accioacuten Es decir el sujeto es el destinatario de la accioacuten no el

agente

Forma be + participio pasado

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 12

Grupos Verbales Personales

Voz activa Vos pasiva

Presente simple

Presente continuo

Presente perfecto simple

Presente perfecto continuo

Pasado simple

Pasado continuo

Pasado perfecto simple

Pasado perfecto continuo

Futuro Simple

Futuro going to

Futuro continuo Futuro perfecto simple

Futuro perfecto

continuo

work(s)

amisare working

hashave worked

hashave been working

worked

waswere eating

had worked

had been working

will work

amisare going to work

will be working will have worked

will have been working

amisare made

amisare being made

hashave been made

waswere made

waswere being made

had been made

will be made

amisare going to be made

will have been made

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 13

VERBOS NO PERSONALES

Los grupos verbales no personales no concuerdan con un sujeto para formar una

oracioacuten No hay concordancia de nuacutemero y persona entre el verbo y el sujeto

VERBOS NO CONJUGADOS EXAMPLES

TO -INFINITIVE The child tries to communicate some information to his parents To communicate information to his parents the child moves his

hands ( Para de a + infinitivo) To communicate information to his parents means that the child

feels comfortable ( infinitivo)

-ING Communicating information to his parents means that the child (comunicar la comunicacioacuten) The child communicating information to his parents tries to

(que comunica) By communicating information to his parents the child tries to

(comunicando)

-ED (ADO-IDO)

Pre modificador The communicated information was used to

Post modificador The information communicated to the child was usedhellip

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 14

PREPOSICIONES

SIMPLES

About acerca de above por encima after detraacutes against contra among entre around alrededor at a back atraacutes before antes behind atraacutes below por debajo beneath beside al lado between entre by al lado down hacia abajo during durante except excepto for para - por from de-desde in en inside dentro de into adentro de like como near cerca of de off fuera de on sobre opposite opuesto a out afuera outside afuera over por encima past pasado round alrededor since desde till hasta through a traveacutes de to a-hacia towards hacia under debajo underneath por debajo until hasta up arriba with con within dentro de without sin

COMPUESTAS

According to de acuerdo a

along with junto a as for como para away from fuera de because of a causa de due to debido a except for a excepcioacuten de out of fuera de owing to debido a up to hasta by means of por medio de in comparison with en comparac in front of frente a in relation to en relacioacuten a

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 15

CONECTORES

CONECTORES

de EJEMPLO de SUMA de CAUSA de

EFECTO

de

CONTRASTE

for example and because (of) as a result but

for instance in addition since consequently while

eg (example given)

furthermore due to for this reason

whereas

ie (id est that

is)

moreover owing to therefore otherwise

such as besides as hence however

bothand unless thus nevertheless

not onlybut

also

if so that yet

on the oneother

hand

whetheror lead to although though

as well as in order to in spite of

instead

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 16

PREGUNTAS

Comienzan con

WH-

WHO

WHAT WHERE

WHEN

WHY

WHOSE

WHOM HOW

HOW much

many often long

far

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 6

DETERMINANTES Y PRONOMBRES

DETERMINANTES (preceden al sustantivo)

PRONOMBRES = REFERENTES

CONTEXTUALES (reemplazan al sustantivo)

ARTIacuteCULOS

Definido the ----------------

Indefinido a an Indefinido one ones

DEMOSTRATIVOS This these that those

POSESIVOS My your his her its our your their

Mine yours his hers ours yours theirs

CUANTIFICADORES

All both half some any no every each either neither most more less least enough much many several few littleratherfairlyhardly

WH- What (ever) which (ever) who (ever) whose where

De relativo who whose whom which that

NUMERALES

Cardinales one two three

Ordinales first second next last other

GENITIVOS lsquos (Maryrsquos room is white) lsquos (Tomrsquos is blue)

Personales y reflexivos ver tabla

siguiente

PRONOMBRES

PERSONALES

REFLEXIVOS Sujeto Objeto

1ra persona

Singular I me myself

Plural we us ourselves

2da persona

Singular you you

yourself

Plural yourselves

3ra

persona

Singular

masc he him Himself

fem she her Herself

neutro it it Itself

Plural they them themselves

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 7

AFIJOS

PREFIJOS (marcan opuestos)

SUFIJOS (marcan la categoriacutea de la unidad

lexical)

SUSTANTIVOS

Dis (disproportion)

Under (underground)

De (deforestation) Mal (malformation)

A (amoral)

Pre (prerequisite) Post (postgraduate)

Er-or (driver-insulator-doctor) Ist (biologist) Ian (mathematici an)

Hood (neighbourhood) Ship (friendship) Ness (weakness)

Ance-ence(importance-confidence) Ment (investment-government) Tion (production)

Ity (productivity- necessity) Al (refusal-rehearsal) Age (storage)

Dom (freedom) Acy (democracy) Are (failure)

Ism (idealism) Th (depth-growth)

ADJETIVOS In (incomplete)

Im (impossible) Un (unnatural-unconscious) Ir (irregular)

Il (illegal) Dis (disobedient) Non (non-technical)

Ex (exterritorial) Over (overactive) Under (underestimated)

Able ndashible (reasonable)

Ory (compulsory) Al (natural) Ic (authentic)

Ive (creative) Ant-ent (important-confident) Ese (Chinese-Japanese)

Ian (Colombian-Australian) Ish (foolish) Y (creamy-hairy)

Ful (useful) Less (useless) Ed (distracted)

Er (comparativo longer) + Est (superlativo smallest) ++

VERBOS

Dis (to disappear)

De (to dehumidify) Mis ( to mispronounce) En (to enlarge-to enable)

Re (to rebuild-to review) Fore (to foretell) Over (to overheat-

overemphasize)

Ate (to activate-to confiscate)

Ify (to intensify-to simplify)

Ize (to specialize) En (to lenghten-to shorten)

ADVERBIOS

Los mismos prefijos de los adjetivos

Ly (quickly-friendly) Ward (upward-toward-backward)

Wise (clockwise-likewise)

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 8

GRUPO VERBAL

Bioethics

The next technological revolution will probably be in the field of genetic

research and engineering Cloning the name popularly given to these technologies is often associated with

science fiction horror stories because it suggests the creation of identical

people In reality it is impossible to create two identical people Personality character and behaviour are not

determined only by genetic factors The real aims of cloning technology are to help in the development of tissue for

transplantation in genetic diagnosis and in biological research But cloning

technology raises some very difficult bioethical questions

El grupo verbal estaacute formado por un verbo principal o un verbo principal precedido por uno o maacutes auxiliares que combina con un sujeto para decir lo que alguien o

algo hace o lo que les sucede Aunque generalmente los verbos se identifican primariamente con una accioacuten tambieacuten pueden expresar existencia condiciones y

procesos y relaciones Normalmente debe haber al menos un verbo en cada oracioacuten

Ejemplos de grupos verbales

formado por un verbo principal raises formado por un verbo principal precedido por uno o maacutes auxiliares will be

is associated are not determined

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 9

Clases de verbos

Verbos principales

no necesitan estar acompantildeados por otros verbos expresan el sentido principal del grupo verbal

Verbos auxiliares Se utilizan para

formar los tiempos verbales formular preguntas y negar

dar eacutenfasis evitar repetir una frase completa (substitucioacuten) hacer una evaluacioacuten juicio o interpretacioacuten acerca de los que estamos

diciendo o escribiendo o para expresar nuestra actitud hacia ello

Verbos auxiliares

AUXILIARES PRIMARIOS

to be am is are was were been being

to do

do does did done doing

to have

have has had had having

MODALES Poder Deber Futuro Condicioacuten

can =to be able must=have to will would

could

(pudopodriacutea)

should(deberiacutea)

may = puede

por posibilidad o permiso)

ought to

(debiera moralmente)

might (podriacutea)

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 10

Grupos verbales personales y no personales

A su vez los grupos verbales pueden ser

Personales denotan tiempo nuacutemero y persona concuerdan con el sujeto

(EjThe real aims of cloning technology are)

No personales infinitivo participio y gerundio ( eg the name popularly

given to these technologies)

TIEMPOS VERBALES

Al comunicarnos generalmente necesitamos indicar si nos estamos refiriendo a una situacioacuten que existe ahora que existioacute en el pasado o que puede existir

en el futuro El punto en el tiempo al cual se relaciona nuestro mensaje se indica generalmente en parte mediante el grupo verbal Se denomina tiempo al grupo de formas verbales que indican un punto en el

tiempo en particular o un periacuteodo de tiempo en el pasado presente o futuro El grupo de formas que pertenecen a un determinado tiempo generalmente se

obtienen agregando inflexiones a la forma del verbo tal como aparece en el diccionario o mediante la inclusioacuten de auxiliares o modales en el grupo verbal Resumiendo los verbos tienen varias formas Estas formas pueden ser

utilizadas solas o combinadas con verbos especiales llamados auxiliares Los grupos verbales pueden ser personales o no personales Si un grupo

verbal es personal entonces tiene tiempo

Interview script Recent Changes in Tourism Patterns

Lisa Brown Hello listeners Welcome to you all Today in our weekly programme lsquoFocus on Factrsquo we are going to look at the huge changes in tourism in Western Europe in recent years I have with me Gerry Gordon the local director of the International Tourist Board Hello Gerry Gerry Gordon Hello Lisa Good morning listeners LB Well the main reason for this interview today is that it is the beginning of the holiday season in this part of the world How has tourism changed recently and what are the causes GG Money mobility and air transport ndash these are the main factors that have caused the changes LB OK letrsquos start with money How has it influenced our holiday choices GG The main thing is that people in Western Europe generally now earn better wages than in the past Many workers get paid holidays too These are the reasons we can spend more to go on holiday LB And another thing you mentioned is mobility Does this just mean we have more cars

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 11

GG Yes thatrsquos one thing Just think in 1951 only 5 per cent of British families had a car By 2000 this had increased to almost 75 per cent And we mustnrsquot forget about the families with two cars or even more LB So we can move about more easily canrsquot we GG Yes but greater mobility doesnrsquot only mean we have more cars There are also better transport systems This means we can travel further and itrsquos much easier to get to popular tourist destinations For example better roads and motorways make it much easier to travel long distances by car LB How about other means of transport How have they changed our holidays GG OK take air transport reduced fares more flights easier booking systems larger and better airports hellip LB Yes but airports are still crowded arenrsquot they especially during the peak season Itrsquos often a nightmare you know with queues delays cancellations hellip GG Yes of course there are two sides to every coin hellip

This page has been downloaded from wwwonestopclilcom

Written by Aleksandra Zaparucha copy Copyright Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2008

VOZ ACTIVA Y PASIVA

Los grupos verbales pueden estar en voz activa o pasiva Voz activa grupos verbales donde el sujeto es la persona o la cosa que realiza

o es responsable de la accioacuten Es decir el sujeto del verbo es generalmente el agente el ldquohacedorrdquo

Voz pasiva grupos verbales donde el sujeto es la persona o cosa que es afectada por la accioacuten Es decir el sujeto es el destinatario de la accioacuten no el

agente

Forma be + participio pasado

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 12

Grupos Verbales Personales

Voz activa Vos pasiva

Presente simple

Presente continuo

Presente perfecto simple

Presente perfecto continuo

Pasado simple

Pasado continuo

Pasado perfecto simple

Pasado perfecto continuo

Futuro Simple

Futuro going to

Futuro continuo Futuro perfecto simple

Futuro perfecto

continuo

work(s)

amisare working

hashave worked

hashave been working

worked

waswere eating

had worked

had been working

will work

amisare going to work

will be working will have worked

will have been working

amisare made

amisare being made

hashave been made

waswere made

waswere being made

had been made

will be made

amisare going to be made

will have been made

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 13

VERBOS NO PERSONALES

Los grupos verbales no personales no concuerdan con un sujeto para formar una

oracioacuten No hay concordancia de nuacutemero y persona entre el verbo y el sujeto

VERBOS NO CONJUGADOS EXAMPLES

TO -INFINITIVE The child tries to communicate some information to his parents To communicate information to his parents the child moves his

hands ( Para de a + infinitivo) To communicate information to his parents means that the child

feels comfortable ( infinitivo)

-ING Communicating information to his parents means that the child (comunicar la comunicacioacuten) The child communicating information to his parents tries to

(que comunica) By communicating information to his parents the child tries to

(comunicando)

-ED (ADO-IDO)

Pre modificador The communicated information was used to

Post modificador The information communicated to the child was usedhellip

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 14

PREPOSICIONES

SIMPLES

About acerca de above por encima after detraacutes against contra among entre around alrededor at a back atraacutes before antes behind atraacutes below por debajo beneath beside al lado between entre by al lado down hacia abajo during durante except excepto for para - por from de-desde in en inside dentro de into adentro de like como near cerca of de off fuera de on sobre opposite opuesto a out afuera outside afuera over por encima past pasado round alrededor since desde till hasta through a traveacutes de to a-hacia towards hacia under debajo underneath por debajo until hasta up arriba with con within dentro de without sin

COMPUESTAS

According to de acuerdo a

along with junto a as for como para away from fuera de because of a causa de due to debido a except for a excepcioacuten de out of fuera de owing to debido a up to hasta by means of por medio de in comparison with en comparac in front of frente a in relation to en relacioacuten a

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 15

CONECTORES

CONECTORES

de EJEMPLO de SUMA de CAUSA de

EFECTO

de

CONTRASTE

for example and because (of) as a result but

for instance in addition since consequently while

eg (example given)

furthermore due to for this reason

whereas

ie (id est that

is)

moreover owing to therefore otherwise

such as besides as hence however

bothand unless thus nevertheless

not onlybut

also

if so that yet

on the oneother

hand

whetheror lead to although though

as well as in order to in spite of

instead

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 16

PREGUNTAS

Comienzan con

WH-

WHO

WHAT WHERE

WHEN

WHY

WHOSE

WHOM HOW

HOW much

many often long

far

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 7

AFIJOS

PREFIJOS (marcan opuestos)

SUFIJOS (marcan la categoriacutea de la unidad

lexical)

SUSTANTIVOS

Dis (disproportion)

Under (underground)

De (deforestation) Mal (malformation)

A (amoral)

Pre (prerequisite) Post (postgraduate)

Er-or (driver-insulator-doctor) Ist (biologist) Ian (mathematici an)

Hood (neighbourhood) Ship (friendship) Ness (weakness)

Ance-ence(importance-confidence) Ment (investment-government) Tion (production)

Ity (productivity- necessity) Al (refusal-rehearsal) Age (storage)

Dom (freedom) Acy (democracy) Are (failure)

Ism (idealism) Th (depth-growth)

ADJETIVOS In (incomplete)

Im (impossible) Un (unnatural-unconscious) Ir (irregular)

Il (illegal) Dis (disobedient) Non (non-technical)

Ex (exterritorial) Over (overactive) Under (underestimated)

Able ndashible (reasonable)

Ory (compulsory) Al (natural) Ic (authentic)

Ive (creative) Ant-ent (important-confident) Ese (Chinese-Japanese)

Ian (Colombian-Australian) Ish (foolish) Y (creamy-hairy)

Ful (useful) Less (useless) Ed (distracted)

Er (comparativo longer) + Est (superlativo smallest) ++

VERBOS

Dis (to disappear)

De (to dehumidify) Mis ( to mispronounce) En (to enlarge-to enable)

Re (to rebuild-to review) Fore (to foretell) Over (to overheat-

overemphasize)

Ate (to activate-to confiscate)

Ify (to intensify-to simplify)

Ize (to specialize) En (to lenghten-to shorten)

ADVERBIOS

Los mismos prefijos de los adjetivos

Ly (quickly-friendly) Ward (upward-toward-backward)

Wise (clockwise-likewise)

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 8

GRUPO VERBAL

Bioethics

The next technological revolution will probably be in the field of genetic

research and engineering Cloning the name popularly given to these technologies is often associated with

science fiction horror stories because it suggests the creation of identical

people In reality it is impossible to create two identical people Personality character and behaviour are not

determined only by genetic factors The real aims of cloning technology are to help in the development of tissue for

transplantation in genetic diagnosis and in biological research But cloning

technology raises some very difficult bioethical questions

El grupo verbal estaacute formado por un verbo principal o un verbo principal precedido por uno o maacutes auxiliares que combina con un sujeto para decir lo que alguien o

algo hace o lo que les sucede Aunque generalmente los verbos se identifican primariamente con una accioacuten tambieacuten pueden expresar existencia condiciones y

procesos y relaciones Normalmente debe haber al menos un verbo en cada oracioacuten

Ejemplos de grupos verbales

formado por un verbo principal raises formado por un verbo principal precedido por uno o maacutes auxiliares will be

is associated are not determined

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 9

Clases de verbos

Verbos principales

no necesitan estar acompantildeados por otros verbos expresan el sentido principal del grupo verbal

Verbos auxiliares Se utilizan para

formar los tiempos verbales formular preguntas y negar

dar eacutenfasis evitar repetir una frase completa (substitucioacuten) hacer una evaluacioacuten juicio o interpretacioacuten acerca de los que estamos

diciendo o escribiendo o para expresar nuestra actitud hacia ello

Verbos auxiliares

AUXILIARES PRIMARIOS

to be am is are was were been being

to do

do does did done doing

to have

have has had had having

MODALES Poder Deber Futuro Condicioacuten

can =to be able must=have to will would

could

(pudopodriacutea)

should(deberiacutea)

may = puede

por posibilidad o permiso)

ought to

(debiera moralmente)

might (podriacutea)

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 10

Grupos verbales personales y no personales

A su vez los grupos verbales pueden ser

Personales denotan tiempo nuacutemero y persona concuerdan con el sujeto

(EjThe real aims of cloning technology are)

No personales infinitivo participio y gerundio ( eg the name popularly

given to these technologies)

TIEMPOS VERBALES

Al comunicarnos generalmente necesitamos indicar si nos estamos refiriendo a una situacioacuten que existe ahora que existioacute en el pasado o que puede existir

en el futuro El punto en el tiempo al cual se relaciona nuestro mensaje se indica generalmente en parte mediante el grupo verbal Se denomina tiempo al grupo de formas verbales que indican un punto en el

tiempo en particular o un periacuteodo de tiempo en el pasado presente o futuro El grupo de formas que pertenecen a un determinado tiempo generalmente se

obtienen agregando inflexiones a la forma del verbo tal como aparece en el diccionario o mediante la inclusioacuten de auxiliares o modales en el grupo verbal Resumiendo los verbos tienen varias formas Estas formas pueden ser

utilizadas solas o combinadas con verbos especiales llamados auxiliares Los grupos verbales pueden ser personales o no personales Si un grupo

verbal es personal entonces tiene tiempo

Interview script Recent Changes in Tourism Patterns

Lisa Brown Hello listeners Welcome to you all Today in our weekly programme lsquoFocus on Factrsquo we are going to look at the huge changes in tourism in Western Europe in recent years I have with me Gerry Gordon the local director of the International Tourist Board Hello Gerry Gerry Gordon Hello Lisa Good morning listeners LB Well the main reason for this interview today is that it is the beginning of the holiday season in this part of the world How has tourism changed recently and what are the causes GG Money mobility and air transport ndash these are the main factors that have caused the changes LB OK letrsquos start with money How has it influenced our holiday choices GG The main thing is that people in Western Europe generally now earn better wages than in the past Many workers get paid holidays too These are the reasons we can spend more to go on holiday LB And another thing you mentioned is mobility Does this just mean we have more cars

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 11

GG Yes thatrsquos one thing Just think in 1951 only 5 per cent of British families had a car By 2000 this had increased to almost 75 per cent And we mustnrsquot forget about the families with two cars or even more LB So we can move about more easily canrsquot we GG Yes but greater mobility doesnrsquot only mean we have more cars There are also better transport systems This means we can travel further and itrsquos much easier to get to popular tourist destinations For example better roads and motorways make it much easier to travel long distances by car LB How about other means of transport How have they changed our holidays GG OK take air transport reduced fares more flights easier booking systems larger and better airports hellip LB Yes but airports are still crowded arenrsquot they especially during the peak season Itrsquos often a nightmare you know with queues delays cancellations hellip GG Yes of course there are two sides to every coin hellip

This page has been downloaded from wwwonestopclilcom

Written by Aleksandra Zaparucha copy Copyright Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2008

VOZ ACTIVA Y PASIVA

Los grupos verbales pueden estar en voz activa o pasiva Voz activa grupos verbales donde el sujeto es la persona o la cosa que realiza

o es responsable de la accioacuten Es decir el sujeto del verbo es generalmente el agente el ldquohacedorrdquo

Voz pasiva grupos verbales donde el sujeto es la persona o cosa que es afectada por la accioacuten Es decir el sujeto es el destinatario de la accioacuten no el

agente

Forma be + participio pasado

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 12

Grupos Verbales Personales

Voz activa Vos pasiva

Presente simple

Presente continuo

Presente perfecto simple

Presente perfecto continuo

Pasado simple

Pasado continuo

Pasado perfecto simple

Pasado perfecto continuo

Futuro Simple

Futuro going to

Futuro continuo Futuro perfecto simple

Futuro perfecto

continuo

work(s)

amisare working

hashave worked

hashave been working

worked

waswere eating

had worked

had been working

will work

amisare going to work

will be working will have worked

will have been working

amisare made

amisare being made

hashave been made

waswere made

waswere being made

had been made

will be made

amisare going to be made

will have been made

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 13

VERBOS NO PERSONALES

Los grupos verbales no personales no concuerdan con un sujeto para formar una

oracioacuten No hay concordancia de nuacutemero y persona entre el verbo y el sujeto

VERBOS NO CONJUGADOS EXAMPLES

TO -INFINITIVE The child tries to communicate some information to his parents To communicate information to his parents the child moves his

hands ( Para de a + infinitivo) To communicate information to his parents means that the child

feels comfortable ( infinitivo)

-ING Communicating information to his parents means that the child (comunicar la comunicacioacuten) The child communicating information to his parents tries to

(que comunica) By communicating information to his parents the child tries to

(comunicando)

-ED (ADO-IDO)

Pre modificador The communicated information was used to

Post modificador The information communicated to the child was usedhellip

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 14

PREPOSICIONES

SIMPLES

About acerca de above por encima after detraacutes against contra among entre around alrededor at a back atraacutes before antes behind atraacutes below por debajo beneath beside al lado between entre by al lado down hacia abajo during durante except excepto for para - por from de-desde in en inside dentro de into adentro de like como near cerca of de off fuera de on sobre opposite opuesto a out afuera outside afuera over por encima past pasado round alrededor since desde till hasta through a traveacutes de to a-hacia towards hacia under debajo underneath por debajo until hasta up arriba with con within dentro de without sin

COMPUESTAS

According to de acuerdo a

along with junto a as for como para away from fuera de because of a causa de due to debido a except for a excepcioacuten de out of fuera de owing to debido a up to hasta by means of por medio de in comparison with en comparac in front of frente a in relation to en relacioacuten a

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 15

CONECTORES

CONECTORES

de EJEMPLO de SUMA de CAUSA de

EFECTO

de

CONTRASTE

for example and because (of) as a result but

for instance in addition since consequently while

eg (example given)

furthermore due to for this reason

whereas

ie (id est that

is)

moreover owing to therefore otherwise

such as besides as hence however

bothand unless thus nevertheless

not onlybut

also

if so that yet

on the oneother

hand

whetheror lead to although though

as well as in order to in spite of

instead

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 16

PREGUNTAS

Comienzan con

WH-

WHO

WHAT WHERE

WHEN

WHY

WHOSE

WHOM HOW

HOW much

many often long

far

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 8

GRUPO VERBAL

Bioethics

The next technological revolution will probably be in the field of genetic

research and engineering Cloning the name popularly given to these technologies is often associated with

science fiction horror stories because it suggests the creation of identical

people In reality it is impossible to create two identical people Personality character and behaviour are not

determined only by genetic factors The real aims of cloning technology are to help in the development of tissue for

transplantation in genetic diagnosis and in biological research But cloning

technology raises some very difficult bioethical questions

El grupo verbal estaacute formado por un verbo principal o un verbo principal precedido por uno o maacutes auxiliares que combina con un sujeto para decir lo que alguien o

algo hace o lo que les sucede Aunque generalmente los verbos se identifican primariamente con una accioacuten tambieacuten pueden expresar existencia condiciones y

procesos y relaciones Normalmente debe haber al menos un verbo en cada oracioacuten

Ejemplos de grupos verbales

formado por un verbo principal raises formado por un verbo principal precedido por uno o maacutes auxiliares will be

is associated are not determined

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 9

Clases de verbos

Verbos principales

no necesitan estar acompantildeados por otros verbos expresan el sentido principal del grupo verbal

Verbos auxiliares Se utilizan para

formar los tiempos verbales formular preguntas y negar

dar eacutenfasis evitar repetir una frase completa (substitucioacuten) hacer una evaluacioacuten juicio o interpretacioacuten acerca de los que estamos

diciendo o escribiendo o para expresar nuestra actitud hacia ello

Verbos auxiliares

AUXILIARES PRIMARIOS

to be am is are was were been being

to do

do does did done doing

to have

have has had had having

MODALES Poder Deber Futuro Condicioacuten

can =to be able must=have to will would

could

(pudopodriacutea)

should(deberiacutea)

may = puede

por posibilidad o permiso)

ought to

(debiera moralmente)

might (podriacutea)

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 10

Grupos verbales personales y no personales

A su vez los grupos verbales pueden ser

Personales denotan tiempo nuacutemero y persona concuerdan con el sujeto

(EjThe real aims of cloning technology are)

No personales infinitivo participio y gerundio ( eg the name popularly

given to these technologies)

TIEMPOS VERBALES

Al comunicarnos generalmente necesitamos indicar si nos estamos refiriendo a una situacioacuten que existe ahora que existioacute en el pasado o que puede existir

en el futuro El punto en el tiempo al cual se relaciona nuestro mensaje se indica generalmente en parte mediante el grupo verbal Se denomina tiempo al grupo de formas verbales que indican un punto en el

tiempo en particular o un periacuteodo de tiempo en el pasado presente o futuro El grupo de formas que pertenecen a un determinado tiempo generalmente se

obtienen agregando inflexiones a la forma del verbo tal como aparece en el diccionario o mediante la inclusioacuten de auxiliares o modales en el grupo verbal Resumiendo los verbos tienen varias formas Estas formas pueden ser

utilizadas solas o combinadas con verbos especiales llamados auxiliares Los grupos verbales pueden ser personales o no personales Si un grupo

verbal es personal entonces tiene tiempo

Interview script Recent Changes in Tourism Patterns

Lisa Brown Hello listeners Welcome to you all Today in our weekly programme lsquoFocus on Factrsquo we are going to look at the huge changes in tourism in Western Europe in recent years I have with me Gerry Gordon the local director of the International Tourist Board Hello Gerry Gerry Gordon Hello Lisa Good morning listeners LB Well the main reason for this interview today is that it is the beginning of the holiday season in this part of the world How has tourism changed recently and what are the causes GG Money mobility and air transport ndash these are the main factors that have caused the changes LB OK letrsquos start with money How has it influenced our holiday choices GG The main thing is that people in Western Europe generally now earn better wages than in the past Many workers get paid holidays too These are the reasons we can spend more to go on holiday LB And another thing you mentioned is mobility Does this just mean we have more cars

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 11

GG Yes thatrsquos one thing Just think in 1951 only 5 per cent of British families had a car By 2000 this had increased to almost 75 per cent And we mustnrsquot forget about the families with two cars or even more LB So we can move about more easily canrsquot we GG Yes but greater mobility doesnrsquot only mean we have more cars There are also better transport systems This means we can travel further and itrsquos much easier to get to popular tourist destinations For example better roads and motorways make it much easier to travel long distances by car LB How about other means of transport How have they changed our holidays GG OK take air transport reduced fares more flights easier booking systems larger and better airports hellip LB Yes but airports are still crowded arenrsquot they especially during the peak season Itrsquos often a nightmare you know with queues delays cancellations hellip GG Yes of course there are two sides to every coin hellip

This page has been downloaded from wwwonestopclilcom

Written by Aleksandra Zaparucha copy Copyright Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2008

VOZ ACTIVA Y PASIVA

Los grupos verbales pueden estar en voz activa o pasiva Voz activa grupos verbales donde el sujeto es la persona o la cosa que realiza

o es responsable de la accioacuten Es decir el sujeto del verbo es generalmente el agente el ldquohacedorrdquo

Voz pasiva grupos verbales donde el sujeto es la persona o cosa que es afectada por la accioacuten Es decir el sujeto es el destinatario de la accioacuten no el

agente

Forma be + participio pasado

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 12

Grupos Verbales Personales

Voz activa Vos pasiva

Presente simple

Presente continuo

Presente perfecto simple

Presente perfecto continuo

Pasado simple

Pasado continuo

Pasado perfecto simple

Pasado perfecto continuo

Futuro Simple

Futuro going to

Futuro continuo Futuro perfecto simple

Futuro perfecto

continuo

work(s)

amisare working

hashave worked

hashave been working

worked

waswere eating

had worked

had been working

will work

amisare going to work

will be working will have worked

will have been working

amisare made

amisare being made

hashave been made

waswere made

waswere being made

had been made

will be made

amisare going to be made

will have been made

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 13

VERBOS NO PERSONALES

Los grupos verbales no personales no concuerdan con un sujeto para formar una

oracioacuten No hay concordancia de nuacutemero y persona entre el verbo y el sujeto

VERBOS NO CONJUGADOS EXAMPLES

TO -INFINITIVE The child tries to communicate some information to his parents To communicate information to his parents the child moves his

hands ( Para de a + infinitivo) To communicate information to his parents means that the child

feels comfortable ( infinitivo)

-ING Communicating information to his parents means that the child (comunicar la comunicacioacuten) The child communicating information to his parents tries to

(que comunica) By communicating information to his parents the child tries to

(comunicando)

-ED (ADO-IDO)

Pre modificador The communicated information was used to

Post modificador The information communicated to the child was usedhellip

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 14

PREPOSICIONES

SIMPLES

About acerca de above por encima after detraacutes against contra among entre around alrededor at a back atraacutes before antes behind atraacutes below por debajo beneath beside al lado between entre by al lado down hacia abajo during durante except excepto for para - por from de-desde in en inside dentro de into adentro de like como near cerca of de off fuera de on sobre opposite opuesto a out afuera outside afuera over por encima past pasado round alrededor since desde till hasta through a traveacutes de to a-hacia towards hacia under debajo underneath por debajo until hasta up arriba with con within dentro de without sin

COMPUESTAS

According to de acuerdo a

along with junto a as for como para away from fuera de because of a causa de due to debido a except for a excepcioacuten de out of fuera de owing to debido a up to hasta by means of por medio de in comparison with en comparac in front of frente a in relation to en relacioacuten a

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 15

CONECTORES

CONECTORES

de EJEMPLO de SUMA de CAUSA de

EFECTO

de

CONTRASTE

for example and because (of) as a result but

for instance in addition since consequently while

eg (example given)

furthermore due to for this reason

whereas

ie (id est that

is)

moreover owing to therefore otherwise

such as besides as hence however

bothand unless thus nevertheless

not onlybut

also

if so that yet

on the oneother

hand

whetheror lead to although though

as well as in order to in spite of

instead

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 16

PREGUNTAS

Comienzan con

WH-

WHO

WHAT WHERE

WHEN

WHY

WHOSE

WHOM HOW

HOW much

many often long

far

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 9

Clases de verbos

Verbos principales

no necesitan estar acompantildeados por otros verbos expresan el sentido principal del grupo verbal

Verbos auxiliares Se utilizan para

formar los tiempos verbales formular preguntas y negar

dar eacutenfasis evitar repetir una frase completa (substitucioacuten) hacer una evaluacioacuten juicio o interpretacioacuten acerca de los que estamos

diciendo o escribiendo o para expresar nuestra actitud hacia ello

Verbos auxiliares

AUXILIARES PRIMARIOS

to be am is are was were been being

to do

do does did done doing

to have

have has had had having

MODALES Poder Deber Futuro Condicioacuten

can =to be able must=have to will would

could

(pudopodriacutea)

should(deberiacutea)

may = puede

por posibilidad o permiso)

ought to

(debiera moralmente)

might (podriacutea)

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 10

Grupos verbales personales y no personales

A su vez los grupos verbales pueden ser

Personales denotan tiempo nuacutemero y persona concuerdan con el sujeto

(EjThe real aims of cloning technology are)

No personales infinitivo participio y gerundio ( eg the name popularly

given to these technologies)

TIEMPOS VERBALES

Al comunicarnos generalmente necesitamos indicar si nos estamos refiriendo a una situacioacuten que existe ahora que existioacute en el pasado o que puede existir

en el futuro El punto en el tiempo al cual se relaciona nuestro mensaje se indica generalmente en parte mediante el grupo verbal Se denomina tiempo al grupo de formas verbales que indican un punto en el

tiempo en particular o un periacuteodo de tiempo en el pasado presente o futuro El grupo de formas que pertenecen a un determinado tiempo generalmente se

obtienen agregando inflexiones a la forma del verbo tal como aparece en el diccionario o mediante la inclusioacuten de auxiliares o modales en el grupo verbal Resumiendo los verbos tienen varias formas Estas formas pueden ser

utilizadas solas o combinadas con verbos especiales llamados auxiliares Los grupos verbales pueden ser personales o no personales Si un grupo

verbal es personal entonces tiene tiempo

Interview script Recent Changes in Tourism Patterns

Lisa Brown Hello listeners Welcome to you all Today in our weekly programme lsquoFocus on Factrsquo we are going to look at the huge changes in tourism in Western Europe in recent years I have with me Gerry Gordon the local director of the International Tourist Board Hello Gerry Gerry Gordon Hello Lisa Good morning listeners LB Well the main reason for this interview today is that it is the beginning of the holiday season in this part of the world How has tourism changed recently and what are the causes GG Money mobility and air transport ndash these are the main factors that have caused the changes LB OK letrsquos start with money How has it influenced our holiday choices GG The main thing is that people in Western Europe generally now earn better wages than in the past Many workers get paid holidays too These are the reasons we can spend more to go on holiday LB And another thing you mentioned is mobility Does this just mean we have more cars

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 11

GG Yes thatrsquos one thing Just think in 1951 only 5 per cent of British families had a car By 2000 this had increased to almost 75 per cent And we mustnrsquot forget about the families with two cars or even more LB So we can move about more easily canrsquot we GG Yes but greater mobility doesnrsquot only mean we have more cars There are also better transport systems This means we can travel further and itrsquos much easier to get to popular tourist destinations For example better roads and motorways make it much easier to travel long distances by car LB How about other means of transport How have they changed our holidays GG OK take air transport reduced fares more flights easier booking systems larger and better airports hellip LB Yes but airports are still crowded arenrsquot they especially during the peak season Itrsquos often a nightmare you know with queues delays cancellations hellip GG Yes of course there are two sides to every coin hellip

This page has been downloaded from wwwonestopclilcom

Written by Aleksandra Zaparucha copy Copyright Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2008

VOZ ACTIVA Y PASIVA

Los grupos verbales pueden estar en voz activa o pasiva Voz activa grupos verbales donde el sujeto es la persona o la cosa que realiza

o es responsable de la accioacuten Es decir el sujeto del verbo es generalmente el agente el ldquohacedorrdquo

Voz pasiva grupos verbales donde el sujeto es la persona o cosa que es afectada por la accioacuten Es decir el sujeto es el destinatario de la accioacuten no el

agente

Forma be + participio pasado

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 12

Grupos Verbales Personales

Voz activa Vos pasiva

Presente simple

Presente continuo

Presente perfecto simple

Presente perfecto continuo

Pasado simple

Pasado continuo

Pasado perfecto simple

Pasado perfecto continuo

Futuro Simple

Futuro going to

Futuro continuo Futuro perfecto simple

Futuro perfecto

continuo

work(s)

amisare working

hashave worked

hashave been working

worked

waswere eating

had worked

had been working

will work

amisare going to work

will be working will have worked

will have been working

amisare made

amisare being made

hashave been made

waswere made

waswere being made

had been made

will be made

amisare going to be made

will have been made

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 13

VERBOS NO PERSONALES

Los grupos verbales no personales no concuerdan con un sujeto para formar una

oracioacuten No hay concordancia de nuacutemero y persona entre el verbo y el sujeto

VERBOS NO CONJUGADOS EXAMPLES

TO -INFINITIVE The child tries to communicate some information to his parents To communicate information to his parents the child moves his

hands ( Para de a + infinitivo) To communicate information to his parents means that the child

feels comfortable ( infinitivo)

-ING Communicating information to his parents means that the child (comunicar la comunicacioacuten) The child communicating information to his parents tries to

(que comunica) By communicating information to his parents the child tries to

(comunicando)

-ED (ADO-IDO)

Pre modificador The communicated information was used to

Post modificador The information communicated to the child was usedhellip

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 14

PREPOSICIONES

SIMPLES

About acerca de above por encima after detraacutes against contra among entre around alrededor at a back atraacutes before antes behind atraacutes below por debajo beneath beside al lado between entre by al lado down hacia abajo during durante except excepto for para - por from de-desde in en inside dentro de into adentro de like como near cerca of de off fuera de on sobre opposite opuesto a out afuera outside afuera over por encima past pasado round alrededor since desde till hasta through a traveacutes de to a-hacia towards hacia under debajo underneath por debajo until hasta up arriba with con within dentro de without sin

COMPUESTAS

According to de acuerdo a

along with junto a as for como para away from fuera de because of a causa de due to debido a except for a excepcioacuten de out of fuera de owing to debido a up to hasta by means of por medio de in comparison with en comparac in front of frente a in relation to en relacioacuten a

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 15

CONECTORES

CONECTORES

de EJEMPLO de SUMA de CAUSA de

EFECTO

de

CONTRASTE

for example and because (of) as a result but

for instance in addition since consequently while

eg (example given)

furthermore due to for this reason

whereas

ie (id est that

is)

moreover owing to therefore otherwise

such as besides as hence however

bothand unless thus nevertheless

not onlybut

also

if so that yet

on the oneother

hand

whetheror lead to although though

as well as in order to in spite of

instead

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 16

PREGUNTAS

Comienzan con

WH-

WHO

WHAT WHERE

WHEN

WHY

WHOSE

WHOM HOW

HOW much

many often long

far

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 10

Grupos verbales personales y no personales

A su vez los grupos verbales pueden ser

Personales denotan tiempo nuacutemero y persona concuerdan con el sujeto

(EjThe real aims of cloning technology are)

No personales infinitivo participio y gerundio ( eg the name popularly

given to these technologies)

TIEMPOS VERBALES

Al comunicarnos generalmente necesitamos indicar si nos estamos refiriendo a una situacioacuten que existe ahora que existioacute en el pasado o que puede existir

en el futuro El punto en el tiempo al cual se relaciona nuestro mensaje se indica generalmente en parte mediante el grupo verbal Se denomina tiempo al grupo de formas verbales que indican un punto en el

tiempo en particular o un periacuteodo de tiempo en el pasado presente o futuro El grupo de formas que pertenecen a un determinado tiempo generalmente se

obtienen agregando inflexiones a la forma del verbo tal como aparece en el diccionario o mediante la inclusioacuten de auxiliares o modales en el grupo verbal Resumiendo los verbos tienen varias formas Estas formas pueden ser

utilizadas solas o combinadas con verbos especiales llamados auxiliares Los grupos verbales pueden ser personales o no personales Si un grupo

verbal es personal entonces tiene tiempo

Interview script Recent Changes in Tourism Patterns

Lisa Brown Hello listeners Welcome to you all Today in our weekly programme lsquoFocus on Factrsquo we are going to look at the huge changes in tourism in Western Europe in recent years I have with me Gerry Gordon the local director of the International Tourist Board Hello Gerry Gerry Gordon Hello Lisa Good morning listeners LB Well the main reason for this interview today is that it is the beginning of the holiday season in this part of the world How has tourism changed recently and what are the causes GG Money mobility and air transport ndash these are the main factors that have caused the changes LB OK letrsquos start with money How has it influenced our holiday choices GG The main thing is that people in Western Europe generally now earn better wages than in the past Many workers get paid holidays too These are the reasons we can spend more to go on holiday LB And another thing you mentioned is mobility Does this just mean we have more cars

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 11

GG Yes thatrsquos one thing Just think in 1951 only 5 per cent of British families had a car By 2000 this had increased to almost 75 per cent And we mustnrsquot forget about the families with two cars or even more LB So we can move about more easily canrsquot we GG Yes but greater mobility doesnrsquot only mean we have more cars There are also better transport systems This means we can travel further and itrsquos much easier to get to popular tourist destinations For example better roads and motorways make it much easier to travel long distances by car LB How about other means of transport How have they changed our holidays GG OK take air transport reduced fares more flights easier booking systems larger and better airports hellip LB Yes but airports are still crowded arenrsquot they especially during the peak season Itrsquos often a nightmare you know with queues delays cancellations hellip GG Yes of course there are two sides to every coin hellip

This page has been downloaded from wwwonestopclilcom

Written by Aleksandra Zaparucha copy Copyright Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2008

VOZ ACTIVA Y PASIVA

Los grupos verbales pueden estar en voz activa o pasiva Voz activa grupos verbales donde el sujeto es la persona o la cosa que realiza

o es responsable de la accioacuten Es decir el sujeto del verbo es generalmente el agente el ldquohacedorrdquo

Voz pasiva grupos verbales donde el sujeto es la persona o cosa que es afectada por la accioacuten Es decir el sujeto es el destinatario de la accioacuten no el

agente

Forma be + participio pasado

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 12

Grupos Verbales Personales

Voz activa Vos pasiva

Presente simple

Presente continuo

Presente perfecto simple

Presente perfecto continuo

Pasado simple

Pasado continuo

Pasado perfecto simple

Pasado perfecto continuo

Futuro Simple

Futuro going to

Futuro continuo Futuro perfecto simple

Futuro perfecto

continuo

work(s)

amisare working

hashave worked

hashave been working

worked

waswere eating

had worked

had been working

will work

amisare going to work

will be working will have worked

will have been working

amisare made

amisare being made

hashave been made

waswere made

waswere being made

had been made

will be made

amisare going to be made

will have been made

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 13

VERBOS NO PERSONALES

Los grupos verbales no personales no concuerdan con un sujeto para formar una

oracioacuten No hay concordancia de nuacutemero y persona entre el verbo y el sujeto

VERBOS NO CONJUGADOS EXAMPLES

TO -INFINITIVE The child tries to communicate some information to his parents To communicate information to his parents the child moves his

hands ( Para de a + infinitivo) To communicate information to his parents means that the child

feels comfortable ( infinitivo)

-ING Communicating information to his parents means that the child (comunicar la comunicacioacuten) The child communicating information to his parents tries to

(que comunica) By communicating information to his parents the child tries to

(comunicando)

-ED (ADO-IDO)

Pre modificador The communicated information was used to

Post modificador The information communicated to the child was usedhellip

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 14

PREPOSICIONES

SIMPLES

About acerca de above por encima after detraacutes against contra among entre around alrededor at a back atraacutes before antes behind atraacutes below por debajo beneath beside al lado between entre by al lado down hacia abajo during durante except excepto for para - por from de-desde in en inside dentro de into adentro de like como near cerca of de off fuera de on sobre opposite opuesto a out afuera outside afuera over por encima past pasado round alrededor since desde till hasta through a traveacutes de to a-hacia towards hacia under debajo underneath por debajo until hasta up arriba with con within dentro de without sin

COMPUESTAS

According to de acuerdo a

along with junto a as for como para away from fuera de because of a causa de due to debido a except for a excepcioacuten de out of fuera de owing to debido a up to hasta by means of por medio de in comparison with en comparac in front of frente a in relation to en relacioacuten a

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 15

CONECTORES

CONECTORES

de EJEMPLO de SUMA de CAUSA de

EFECTO

de

CONTRASTE

for example and because (of) as a result but

for instance in addition since consequently while

eg (example given)

furthermore due to for this reason

whereas

ie (id est that

is)

moreover owing to therefore otherwise

such as besides as hence however

bothand unless thus nevertheless

not onlybut

also

if so that yet

on the oneother

hand

whetheror lead to although though

as well as in order to in spite of

instead

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 16

PREGUNTAS

Comienzan con

WH-

WHO

WHAT WHERE

WHEN

WHY

WHOSE

WHOM HOW

HOW much

many often long

far

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 11

GG Yes thatrsquos one thing Just think in 1951 only 5 per cent of British families had a car By 2000 this had increased to almost 75 per cent And we mustnrsquot forget about the families with two cars or even more LB So we can move about more easily canrsquot we GG Yes but greater mobility doesnrsquot only mean we have more cars There are also better transport systems This means we can travel further and itrsquos much easier to get to popular tourist destinations For example better roads and motorways make it much easier to travel long distances by car LB How about other means of transport How have they changed our holidays GG OK take air transport reduced fares more flights easier booking systems larger and better airports hellip LB Yes but airports are still crowded arenrsquot they especially during the peak season Itrsquos often a nightmare you know with queues delays cancellations hellip GG Yes of course there are two sides to every coin hellip

This page has been downloaded from wwwonestopclilcom

Written by Aleksandra Zaparucha copy Copyright Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2008

VOZ ACTIVA Y PASIVA

Los grupos verbales pueden estar en voz activa o pasiva Voz activa grupos verbales donde el sujeto es la persona o la cosa que realiza

o es responsable de la accioacuten Es decir el sujeto del verbo es generalmente el agente el ldquohacedorrdquo

Voz pasiva grupos verbales donde el sujeto es la persona o cosa que es afectada por la accioacuten Es decir el sujeto es el destinatario de la accioacuten no el

agente

Forma be + participio pasado

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 12

Grupos Verbales Personales

Voz activa Vos pasiva

Presente simple

Presente continuo

Presente perfecto simple

Presente perfecto continuo

Pasado simple

Pasado continuo

Pasado perfecto simple

Pasado perfecto continuo

Futuro Simple

Futuro going to

Futuro continuo Futuro perfecto simple

Futuro perfecto

continuo

work(s)

amisare working

hashave worked

hashave been working

worked

waswere eating

had worked

had been working

will work

amisare going to work

will be working will have worked

will have been working

amisare made

amisare being made

hashave been made

waswere made

waswere being made

had been made

will be made

amisare going to be made

will have been made

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 13

VERBOS NO PERSONALES

Los grupos verbales no personales no concuerdan con un sujeto para formar una

oracioacuten No hay concordancia de nuacutemero y persona entre el verbo y el sujeto

VERBOS NO CONJUGADOS EXAMPLES

TO -INFINITIVE The child tries to communicate some information to his parents To communicate information to his parents the child moves his

hands ( Para de a + infinitivo) To communicate information to his parents means that the child

feels comfortable ( infinitivo)

-ING Communicating information to his parents means that the child (comunicar la comunicacioacuten) The child communicating information to his parents tries to

(que comunica) By communicating information to his parents the child tries to

(comunicando)

-ED (ADO-IDO)

Pre modificador The communicated information was used to

Post modificador The information communicated to the child was usedhellip

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 14

PREPOSICIONES

SIMPLES

About acerca de above por encima after detraacutes against contra among entre around alrededor at a back atraacutes before antes behind atraacutes below por debajo beneath beside al lado between entre by al lado down hacia abajo during durante except excepto for para - por from de-desde in en inside dentro de into adentro de like como near cerca of de off fuera de on sobre opposite opuesto a out afuera outside afuera over por encima past pasado round alrededor since desde till hasta through a traveacutes de to a-hacia towards hacia under debajo underneath por debajo until hasta up arriba with con within dentro de without sin

COMPUESTAS

According to de acuerdo a

along with junto a as for como para away from fuera de because of a causa de due to debido a except for a excepcioacuten de out of fuera de owing to debido a up to hasta by means of por medio de in comparison with en comparac in front of frente a in relation to en relacioacuten a

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 15

CONECTORES

CONECTORES

de EJEMPLO de SUMA de CAUSA de

EFECTO

de

CONTRASTE

for example and because (of) as a result but

for instance in addition since consequently while

eg (example given)

furthermore due to for this reason

whereas

ie (id est that

is)

moreover owing to therefore otherwise

such as besides as hence however

bothand unless thus nevertheless

not onlybut

also

if so that yet

on the oneother

hand

whetheror lead to although though

as well as in order to in spite of

instead

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 16

PREGUNTAS

Comienzan con

WH-

WHO

WHAT WHERE

WHEN

WHY

WHOSE

WHOM HOW

HOW much

many often long

far

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 12

Grupos Verbales Personales

Voz activa Vos pasiva

Presente simple

Presente continuo

Presente perfecto simple

Presente perfecto continuo

Pasado simple

Pasado continuo

Pasado perfecto simple

Pasado perfecto continuo

Futuro Simple

Futuro going to

Futuro continuo Futuro perfecto simple

Futuro perfecto

continuo

work(s)

amisare working

hashave worked

hashave been working

worked

waswere eating

had worked

had been working

will work

amisare going to work

will be working will have worked

will have been working

amisare made

amisare being made

hashave been made

waswere made

waswere being made

had been made

will be made

amisare going to be made

will have been made

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 13

VERBOS NO PERSONALES

Los grupos verbales no personales no concuerdan con un sujeto para formar una

oracioacuten No hay concordancia de nuacutemero y persona entre el verbo y el sujeto

VERBOS NO CONJUGADOS EXAMPLES

TO -INFINITIVE The child tries to communicate some information to his parents To communicate information to his parents the child moves his

hands ( Para de a + infinitivo) To communicate information to his parents means that the child

feels comfortable ( infinitivo)

-ING Communicating information to his parents means that the child (comunicar la comunicacioacuten) The child communicating information to his parents tries to

(que comunica) By communicating information to his parents the child tries to

(comunicando)

-ED (ADO-IDO)

Pre modificador The communicated information was used to

Post modificador The information communicated to the child was usedhellip

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 14

PREPOSICIONES

SIMPLES

About acerca de above por encima after detraacutes against contra among entre around alrededor at a back atraacutes before antes behind atraacutes below por debajo beneath beside al lado between entre by al lado down hacia abajo during durante except excepto for para - por from de-desde in en inside dentro de into adentro de like como near cerca of de off fuera de on sobre opposite opuesto a out afuera outside afuera over por encima past pasado round alrededor since desde till hasta through a traveacutes de to a-hacia towards hacia under debajo underneath por debajo until hasta up arriba with con within dentro de without sin

COMPUESTAS

According to de acuerdo a

along with junto a as for como para away from fuera de because of a causa de due to debido a except for a excepcioacuten de out of fuera de owing to debido a up to hasta by means of por medio de in comparison with en comparac in front of frente a in relation to en relacioacuten a

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 15

CONECTORES

CONECTORES

de EJEMPLO de SUMA de CAUSA de

EFECTO

de

CONTRASTE

for example and because (of) as a result but

for instance in addition since consequently while

eg (example given)

furthermore due to for this reason

whereas

ie (id est that

is)

moreover owing to therefore otherwise

such as besides as hence however

bothand unless thus nevertheless

not onlybut

also

if so that yet

on the oneother

hand

whetheror lead to although though

as well as in order to in spite of

instead

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 16

PREGUNTAS

Comienzan con

WH-

WHO

WHAT WHERE

WHEN

WHY

WHOSE

WHOM HOW

HOW much

many often long

far

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 13

VERBOS NO PERSONALES

Los grupos verbales no personales no concuerdan con un sujeto para formar una

oracioacuten No hay concordancia de nuacutemero y persona entre el verbo y el sujeto

VERBOS NO CONJUGADOS EXAMPLES

TO -INFINITIVE The child tries to communicate some information to his parents To communicate information to his parents the child moves his

hands ( Para de a + infinitivo) To communicate information to his parents means that the child

feels comfortable ( infinitivo)

-ING Communicating information to his parents means that the child (comunicar la comunicacioacuten) The child communicating information to his parents tries to

(que comunica) By communicating information to his parents the child tries to

(comunicando)

-ED (ADO-IDO)

Pre modificador The communicated information was used to

Post modificador The information communicated to the child was usedhellip

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 14

PREPOSICIONES

SIMPLES

About acerca de above por encima after detraacutes against contra among entre around alrededor at a back atraacutes before antes behind atraacutes below por debajo beneath beside al lado between entre by al lado down hacia abajo during durante except excepto for para - por from de-desde in en inside dentro de into adentro de like como near cerca of de off fuera de on sobre opposite opuesto a out afuera outside afuera over por encima past pasado round alrededor since desde till hasta through a traveacutes de to a-hacia towards hacia under debajo underneath por debajo until hasta up arriba with con within dentro de without sin

COMPUESTAS

According to de acuerdo a

along with junto a as for como para away from fuera de because of a causa de due to debido a except for a excepcioacuten de out of fuera de owing to debido a up to hasta by means of por medio de in comparison with en comparac in front of frente a in relation to en relacioacuten a

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 15

CONECTORES

CONECTORES

de EJEMPLO de SUMA de CAUSA de

EFECTO

de

CONTRASTE

for example and because (of) as a result but

for instance in addition since consequently while

eg (example given)

furthermore due to for this reason

whereas

ie (id est that

is)

moreover owing to therefore otherwise

such as besides as hence however

bothand unless thus nevertheless

not onlybut

also

if so that yet

on the oneother

hand

whetheror lead to although though

as well as in order to in spite of

instead

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 16

PREGUNTAS

Comienzan con

WH-

WHO

WHAT WHERE

WHEN

WHY

WHOSE

WHOM HOW

HOW much

many often long

far

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 14

PREPOSICIONES

SIMPLES

About acerca de above por encima after detraacutes against contra among entre around alrededor at a back atraacutes before antes behind atraacutes below por debajo beneath beside al lado between entre by al lado down hacia abajo during durante except excepto for para - por from de-desde in en inside dentro de into adentro de like como near cerca of de off fuera de on sobre opposite opuesto a out afuera outside afuera over por encima past pasado round alrededor since desde till hasta through a traveacutes de to a-hacia towards hacia under debajo underneath por debajo until hasta up arriba with con within dentro de without sin

COMPUESTAS

According to de acuerdo a

along with junto a as for como para away from fuera de because of a causa de due to debido a except for a excepcioacuten de out of fuera de owing to debido a up to hasta by means of por medio de in comparison with en comparac in front of frente a in relation to en relacioacuten a

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 15

CONECTORES

CONECTORES

de EJEMPLO de SUMA de CAUSA de

EFECTO

de

CONTRASTE

for example and because (of) as a result but

for instance in addition since consequently while

eg (example given)

furthermore due to for this reason

whereas

ie (id est that

is)

moreover owing to therefore otherwise

such as besides as hence however

bothand unless thus nevertheless

not onlybut

also

if so that yet

on the oneother

hand

whetheror lead to although though

as well as in order to in spite of

instead

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 16

PREGUNTAS

Comienzan con

WH-

WHO

WHAT WHERE

WHEN

WHY

WHOSE

WHOM HOW

HOW much

many often long

far

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 15

CONECTORES

CONECTORES

de EJEMPLO de SUMA de CAUSA de

EFECTO

de

CONTRASTE

for example and because (of) as a result but

for instance in addition since consequently while

eg (example given)

furthermore due to for this reason

whereas

ie (id est that

is)

moreover owing to therefore otherwise

such as besides as hence however

bothand unless thus nevertheless

not onlybut

also

if so that yet

on the oneother

hand

whetheror lead to although though

as well as in order to in spite of

instead

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 16

PREGUNTAS

Comienzan con

WH-

WHO

WHAT WHERE

WHEN

WHY

WHOSE

WHOM HOW

HOW much

many often long

far

Clases Praacutecticas - Capacitacioacuten de idioma Ingleacutes I

Paacutegina 16

PREGUNTAS

Comienzan con

WH-

WHO

WHAT WHERE

WHEN

WHY

WHOSE

WHOM HOW

HOW much

many often long

far