química en la industria

8/18/2019 Química en La Industria

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QUÍMICAEN LAINDUSTRIA

OLGA RIOJA FERNÁNDEZ

ALEJANDRO LEÓN SOTO1º BACH CIENCIAS


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ÍNDICE1.OBTENCIÓN DE PRODUCTOS

INORGÁNICOS DE ALTO VALOR AÑADIDO.2.PROCESOS EN UN ALTO HORNO..HIERRO DE FUNDICIÓN EN ACERO.!.COMPOSICIÓN DE LOS DISTINTOS TIPOS

DE ACERO.". APLICACIÓN DE LOS DISTINTOS TIPOSDE ACERO.

#.IMPORTANCIA DE LA INVESTIGACIÓNCIENTÍFICA EN NUEVOS MATERIALES.

$. BIBLIOGRAFÍA.


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1. OBTENCIÓN DE PRODUCTOSINORGÁNICOS DE ALTO VALOR

AÑADIDO.


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))+6()(0 ( %(93.


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2. PROCESOS EN UN ALTO HORNO.

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6(( +,&+ " : 1" &3,+)(/(0


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Los hombres primitivossabían ya que haciendo unagran hoguera sobre tierras

ricas en minerales de hierro podían extraer este metal.También sabían queavivando dicha hoguera

mediante una fuertecorriente de aire elrendimiento y la velocidaddel proceso se mejorabannotablemente.

Hoy día, se ha determinadocon exactitud el mecanismoquímico de este proceso elcarb!n empleado

directamente comocombustible u obtenidodurante la combusti!n secombina con el oxígeno de

los !xidos de hierro, parade ar como residuo una


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. HIERRO DE FUNDICIÓN EN ACERO.

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!. COMPOSICIÓN DE LOSDISTINTOS TIPOS DE ACERO.

• Clasifcación de Acero por su composiciónqumica! Acero al car"ono! S+ &(&( /+) &83 9=0%3 /+ (%+3

5'+ %3,&+,+ *+,30 /+) /+ +)+*+,&30 5'+ ,3 03,+3 , %(93,3.


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Acero de al#o car"ono! E)A%+3 () %(93,3 5'+ %3,&+,+

*(0 /+ ." /+ %(93,3.

Acero de medianocar"ono! A%+3 () %(93,3

5'+ %3,&+,+ +,&+ . :." /+ %(93,3.

Acero de "a$ocar"ono! A%+3 ()%(93,3 5'+ %3,&+,+*+,30 /+ . /+%(93,3.


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Acero de aleación!A%+3 5'+ %3,&+,+ 3&3*+&() 5'+ @'+ (;(//3

,&+,%3,()*+,&+ %3, +) ,/+ *+?3( %+&(0838+/(/+0 /+) *+&().

Acero ino%ida"le! T83/+ (%+3 5'+ %3,&+,+ *(0/+) 1" /+ %3*3 :

/+*'+0&( +%+)+,&++00&+,%( ( )( %3304,


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•Clasifcación del acero por su con#enido deCar"ono!

W A%+30 E&(0'(6+0< +) %3,&+,/3 /+ %(93,3 6(( +,&++) .1 :+) .2 .

W A%+30 0'(6+0< E) %3,&+,/3 /+ %(93,3 +0&( +,&+ +) .2

: . .

W A%+30 0+*0'(6+0< E) %3,&+,/3 /+ %(93,3 30%)( +,&+. : +) .! .

W A%+30 0+*/'30< E) %(93,3 +0&( 8+0+,&+ +,&+ .! :." .

W A%+30 /'30< )( 8+0+,%( /+ %(93,3 6(( +,&+ ." :.# .


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• Clasifcación del Acero por suspropiedades!

Aceros especiales.

A%+30 ,3/(9)+0.

A%+30 ,3/(9)+0 @+>&%30.

A%+30 I,3/(9)+0 ('0&+,&%30.

A%+30 ,3/(9)+0 *(&+,0&%30.

A%+30 /+ B(?( A)+(%4,U)&(+00&+,&+0.

A%+3 G()6(,(/3 L(*,(0 /+(%+3 +6+0&/(0 %3, Z,%.


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". APLICACIONES DE LOSDISTINTOS TIPOS DE ACERO.

• Acero para &erramien#as! (%+3/0+;(/3 8(( ()&( +00&+,%( () /+0(0&+-&+,(%/(/ : @'+(- +, +,+() +)%3,&+,/3 /+ %(93,3 /+9+ 0+ 0'8+3 (

.- 8+3 +, 3%(03,+0 &(*97, 0+ '0(,8(( )( @(9%(%7, /+ %+&(0+(*+,&(0- (%+30 %3, ', %3,&+,/3 /+%(93,3 *=0 9(?3 .1 ( . %3*3+?+*8)3 8(( @(9%( ',( 9'+,(+(*+,&( /+ &())( +) %3,&+,/3 /+%(93,3 +, +) (%+3 /+9+ 0+ /+ .$"- :)( %3*830%3, /+) (%+3 +, +,+() 8((+0&+ &83 /+ +(*+,&(0 /+9+ 0+<

%(93,3 .$" - 0)%3 .2" - *(,(,+03


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• Acero para lacons#rucción +) (%+3 5'+0+ +*8)+( +, )( ,0'0&( /+

)( %3,0&'%%4,- 9+, 8'+/+0+ +) (%+3 /+ +@'+3 +,)(0 (*(/'(0 8((+0&'%&'(0 /+ 3*4,- +)

(%+3 +0&'%&'() 8((+0&'%&'(0 *+&=)%(0- 8+3&(*9+, 0+ '0( +,%+(*+,&30 /+ %((8( /+(%+3 3 +)+*+,&30 /+%(8,&+( /+ (%+3. Acero Es#ruc#ural o de re'uer(o


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#. IMPORTANCIA DE LAINVESTIGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA EN

NUEVOS MATERIALES.• D+0%9+ +) 83%+03 /+ 39&+,%4, /+83/'%&30 ,3=,%30 /+ ()&3 6()3 (;(//3-(,()(,/3 0' ,&+70 ,/'0&().• A,()( )( *83&(,%( : )( ,+%+0/(/ /+ )(,6+0&(%4, %+,&>%( (8)%(/( () /+0(3))3/+ ,'+630 *(&+()+0 : 0' +8+%'04, +, )(%()/(/ /+ 6/( ( 8(& /+ @'+,&+0 /+

,@3*(%4, %+,&>%(.• E8)%( )30 83%+030 5'+ &+,+, )'( +, ',()&3 3,3 +0%9+,/3 : ?'0&%(,/3 )(0+(%%3,+0 5'>*%(0 5'+ +, 7) 0+ 83/'%+,.


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• A'*+,&( )( ,+%+0/(/ /+ &(,0@3*(

+) +3 /+ @',/%4, +, (%+3-/0&,'+,/3 +,&+ (*930 83/'%&300+, +) 83%+,&(?+ /+ %(93,3 5'+%3,&+,+,.•

R+)(%3,( )( %3*830%4, /+ )30/0&,&30 &830 /+ (%+3 %3, 0'0(8)%(%3,+0.• A8)%( (9)/(/+0 ,+%+0((0 8(( )(

,6+0&(%4, %+,&>%(- 8)(,&+(,/38+',&(0- /+,&%(,/3 839)+*(0-+%3+,/3 /(&30- /0+;(,/3 +0&(&+(0/+ +03)'%4, /+ 839)+*(0 '&)(,/3*3/+)30 : )+:+0- +60(,/3 +) 83%+03 :


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• R+0'+)6+ +?+%%30 ,'*7%30

+8+0(,/3 +) 6()3 /+ )(0 *(,&'/+0 :+*8)+(,/3 )( ,3&(%4, %+,&>%(- +0&*()30 +3+0 (903)'&3 : +)(&63 (03%(/30: %3,&+&'()( )30 +0')&(/30.• E0&(9)+%+ )30 +)+*+,&30 +0+,%()+08(( +) /0+;3- )( +)(93(%4, : /+@+,0(/+ ', 83:+%&3 /+ ,6+0&(%4,- 039+

', &+*( /+ (%&'()/(/ %+,&>%(-6,%')(/3 %3, )( F>0%( 3 )( Q'>*%(-'&)(,/3 8+@++,&+*+,&+ )(0 TIC.


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$. BIBLIOGRAFÍA.

&&8


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