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KpeMHll , B OeHOBHOM npHypoiJ:eHbi K Bepxa:M pa3pe3a CBHTbl, 33JieraH Ha
KpeMHHeTbiX rropo.uax, r.ue· o6pa3yiOT rraiiKH ;¡,o 20-30 M. ToJima 6a3 aJibTOB
ll aceOU:HHpyiOlll.HX e HHMH oea.UOIJ:HblX nopo;¡, C:\H!Ta B peniOHe B li30KJIHH3JibHbie CKJia.D.Kli e KPYTbiMli na.n.eHRHMH oeeabix rr.'loeKocreH: ·eKJia)I.OK. B CBH3H
C H30KJIRHaJibHOH eKJI3)I.IJ:aTOCTb!O r.opO;J.bi IJ:aCIO liMe!OT OIIpOKHHYTOe 3aJie
raHHe, IJ:TO 3arpy.D.HHeT eoeTaBJiemre pa3pe3oB T0•1liJ:H. Han6oJiee IIOJIHbiÜ:
pa3pe3 eBHTbi 3HKpycHXa)I.a COCTaBJieH B 10-15 KM K IOfü-33II3.ll.Y OT r. narra
ÜH)I.a - no p. JJac-fioJiae. 06ma;1 MOlll.HOCTb eBHTbl IIO )l.aHHOMY pa3pe3y
930 M. l13 HliX Ha )l.OJIIO 6a3aJibTOB npHXOJ:HTCH 45% OÓbeMa CBHTbi, Ha
KpeMHH 26, Ha H3BeCTHHKH 19, Ha aJieBpo.1HTbl 10% . Bo3pacT KOMnJieKca no
cpayHe cpopaMI1HHcpep H3 aeeOU:HliPY!Olll.llX C 6a33.1bTaMH H3BeCTH5IKOB onpeJ].eJieH KaK arrr - aJib6 [24]. O.n.HaKo B pH.J.e c .1yqaea H3BecTH5lKH B pa3pe3e
HMe!OT e 6a3aJibTaMH reKTOHlil!eeKHe KOHT3KTbl. fi03TOMY BOnpoc O B03-
• pacTe 6a3aJibTOB HeJib35I eiJ:HTaTb perneHHbiM. Tpe6yercH AarnpoBKa pa.n.no
JIHpHÜ: H3 KpeMHHCTbiX rrpocJioeB. Bo3MOMHO, 6a3aJibTbi HBJI5l!OTCH .n.oarrTCKH
Mn- IIO .aHaJIOfHll C perHOHOM J1ac-BH.1b5IC (CM. HH2Ke).
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HII3KOMY orHorneHHIO Fe20 3/Fe0 (0,4-0,7), a TaK2Ke no rrepeiiReJieHHbiM
Bbiille r eOJIOfHIJ:eCKHM xaparnepHCTHK3:\1 6a3aJibTbi KOMITJieKCa OTHOC5ITC5l K
cpopMaumr HaTpHeBLIX 6a3aJi bTOB [7], HaiJ:IIHaromeü: pH.D. BYJIKaHoreHHhiX
3BreocnHKJIHHaJibHblX cpopMauH!"r B ,J.aHHOM pernoHe ll4, 24]. KoMrrJieKc
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e paHHecnJiypnü:cKHM Myro.n.2:KapcKH:II KOMIIJieKCOM YpaJia, a TaK2Ke e 6a-
3aJihTaMH o<PHoJIHTOBOÜ: accou:Hau:nH HoBoi1 fBuHeH- riarrya n HLrocpayHA
JieH.n.a. B u:eJIOM B coeTaBe OclJHOJIIITOB OH aecouHaiJ:Hll 6JIOKa nrmap-.n.eJib-Pno
npHCYTCTBYIOT BCe HeOÓXO)].H:\Ible COCTaBJIHIOlll.lle KJiaCCHIJ:eCKOfO pa3pe3a
o<PHOJIHTOB [9], COITOCTaBJIHe:\IOfO C OKeaHHIJ:eCKOH, KOpOÜ:. flpn 3TOM HaH
ÓOJibiUee pa3BHTHe B pemoHe II0.1YlJHJIH HH2KHHH .H BepXHHH «CJIOH» pa3pe33,
MeHblliee- BTOpOÜ: «CJIOÜ:» (IIOJIOelJ3Tbie ra66po H ra66po - aM<PH60JIHTbi) H
coBceM He3HalJHT~JILHoe- Tpenifr (poü: rrapaJIJieJihHbiX .n.aeK .n.na6a3oB). faBaua-:- Maraucac. B 6JioKe raaaHa ___: MaTaHcac pa3pe3 ocpnoJIHTOB
B o6mru IJ:epTax aHaJiornqeH rrpenLr.n.ymeMy. BepxHee CTPYKTypHoe rroJimKeHne 3)].eeb 3aHHMaiOT arrorapuóyprHTOBbie cepiieHTHHHTbi, HH2Ke KOTOpblX
pacrroJioMeHhi r a 66po, .D.Ha6a3hi H 6a3aJibTbi [8, 12]. O.zmarw, KaK yKa3bi
Baer M. JI. CoMHH [ 11], .11.0 cnx nop He Bbl5ICHeHo, HBJI5leTc5l Jiu .n.aHHbiM pa3-
pe3 rrepeaepHyTbiM B Jie2KaiJ:eM KpbiJie OIIpOKIIHYTOH CKJia)I.KH, JIH6ü OH CO
CTOHT H3 C3MOCT051TeJibHbiX TeKTOHHl!eCKHX l!eiDyii:, OTBel!a!Olll.HX OT)l.eJib-
9-1
HbiM «CJIOHM» o<!JHOJIHTOBOH aceoumH.I,HH. ÜTJIH'lliH BO BHy;p-~HHeM eTpoemt~:- .: .. ~. oqmoJIHTOBo:H accounaunH ,naHHoro ÓJIOKa no epaBHeHHIO e ITnHap-,neJih-PH.o . /~ 3aKJIIO'I3IOTC5I: 1) B ÓOJibUieH ,nH<!J<!JepeHUH3UHH KOMITJieKCa ra66poH,nOB H B· .'
llOHBJieHHH B ero npe,neJiaX, e O,nHOH eTOpOHbl, TpüKTOJIHTOB, e ,npyro:li - He
ÓOJihlllHX TeJI IIJ13fli0KJI33HTOB H KB3pUeBbiX _nHOpHTOB, 2) B ÓOJiee-5leHOH Bbi·
paJKeHHOeTH KOMTIJieKC3 ,nH3Ó330BbiX ,naeK, MOili.HOeTb KOToporo, IIO ,naHHbiM
6ypeHHH, coeTaBJmeT eBhlille 200 M ( eKBaJKHHbi Ma,npyra 4 H Berae 1), a
3) B MeHbllleH MOIUHOCTH (He ÓOJiee 400 M) Ó333JibTOB H B IIO'ITH IIOJIHOM
OTCyTeTBHH aeCOUHHpyiOIUHX e HHMH Oea,ll,O'IHb!X IIOpO,ll,.
Jlac-BnJIMIC. B 6JioKe Jiae-BHJibHe o<!JHOJIHThi pacnpoCTpaHeHbi B Tpex
eTpyKTypHo-<!JopMaUHOHHbiX 30Hax: CaHTa-KJiapa, MaHHKaparya H 9cKaM-
6pa:H [ 11 ]. PaecMoTpHM JIHUih o<}:lHOJIHTbi 30Hbi CaHTa-Kriapa, r,ne OHIT
HMeiOT Han6o.1ee IIOJIHbiH pa3pe3. 3,1J,eeb eHII3y BBepx paeTIOJIOJKeHbi:
1) YJJbTpaMa<}:¡HTOBblH KOMIIJieKe, 2) raó6püH,ll,Hb!H KOMTIJieKe, 3) ,nna6a3bl
rrapaJIJieJJhHhiX ,u,aeK, 4) 6a3aJibTbi. MeJKJ.J.Y rrepBbiMH TpeM5l KOMITJieKcaM!f
KOHT3KThl TeKTOHH'leeKHe, MeJKJ.J.Y TpeTbHM H 'leTBepTbllVi cylll.eCTByeT 30H3
noeTeneHHoro nepexo,na. B ueJioM nopo,ll,bi o<}:lnoJIHTOBOH aecouHaUHH TeKTO
HH'IeCKH KOHT3KTHpyiOT eo BeeMII I!pO'IHMII o6pa30B3HH5lMII, HMe5l B ÓOJib
UIHHCTBe c.'ly'laes IO)I{Hhre, pe21{e ceBepHhre rra ,ll,eHIT5l .
Y JibTpaMa«i>HTOBbiH KOMTIJieKC eJIOJKeH cepneHTHHH3HpüB3HHbiMH ll Me
.13H}KHpOB3HHbiMH rapu6yprHT3MH, cepTieHTHHHT3Mll Óe3 peJIIIKTOB MaTepiiH
CKHX TiüpOJJ,, peJKe 11HpOKCeHHT3MH H 3IIO,ll,YHIITOBbiMH ceprreHTHHHT3MH.
KoMrr.'IeKc npoc..'IeJKHBaeTcH B eeBepo-3aiia,ll,HOM- IOro-BOCTO'lHOM Ha
npaBJieHHHX Ha paeeT05lHHe CBbillle 140 KM, o6pa3y5l CJI02KHOIIOCTpoeHHbiÍÍ:,
MeCT3MH e nepe)I\.H~3MH, OCJIOJKHeHHbiH CIW3,ll,'l3TOCThiO H pa3pbiBHb!MII Ha
pyUieHHHMH IIOHC (pHC. 3) lliHpHHOÜ OT 1-2 AO 25 KM B pa3AYB3X (MaCCHB
CaHTa-Knapa). Do ,ll,aHHbiM ,ll,eTaJibHO rBy<J:aBrnero ,11,3HHbiH paiioH
' A. JI. KHnnnepa [ 6] , HacT05llli.HH KOM IIJieKc eJi e,ll,yeT OTHOCHTb K eeprreHTHHH
TOBOMY IIOJIH.MHKTOBOMY MeJiamKy, BHYTP H KOToporo rro cocTaBy npHcyTcT
BYIOili.HX B net o6JIOMKOB rJihi6 MOJKHO BhiAeJIHTb TPH TeKTOHHlJ:eCKIIx IJ:e
rnyw cesepHyiO (rrpeo6JiaJ.J.aiOT o6JIOMKH II3BepJKeHHhrx rropo,n), ueHTpaJJb
HYIO (xapaKTepHbi orpoMHbre ÓJIOKH- MaecrrBbi H3BeeTH5lKOB) rr I02KHYIO
(o6JJOMKH npeH}.fyiUeCTBeHHo BYJIKaHoreHHbiX rropo,n H MeTaMop<}:lH'leCimx
cJiaHues). MoruHoCTb KOMIIJieKca 1-2 KM .
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JIIIT3MH, IIOJIOe'l3Tb!MH 3M<}:JHÓOJIIl3llpOB3HHblMH ra66po, 11JI3fllOfp3HllT3MH
(rrocneJI.HHe OTHeceHbi K KOMIIJieKcy ycJIOBHO BBH,ny cBoero eTpyKTypHoro
rrono2KeHHH BHYTPH o<}:lnoJIHTOB n MecTaMH HaJIH'lH5l nepexo,noB K nJiarao
rwa3HTa:-.1). Km.mJieKc He HMeeT errJiornHoro pa3BHTH5l BHYTPH o<}:lnoJIHTOBoro
Il05!Ca, 6y.rr.yqn IIpHy poiJeH Jlllllib K ero BOeTOLJHOi.J: 'l3CTil (CM . pHe. 3), r).J.e
33HH:\IaeT cTpyKTypHoe noJIO:tKerme MeJKAY eeprreHTHHHTaMrr H ,nua6a3aMH,
o6pa3y5l .'IHHeMHble TeJia AJIHHOH AO 10-15 KM nprr BllAHMOH MOili.HOCT!i
1-5 KM, BblT51HYTbie B COOTBeTeTBHil e 11pOCTHp3Hl1eM ITOJIOCbl ceprreHTilHH
TOBOfO MeJI3H:I!\3. f1pOCTHp3Hlle IIOJIOC'l3TOCTH B ra66pOH,il,3X COOTBeTCTByeT
11pOeTHpaHHIO HX KOHT3KTa C eepiieHTHHHT3MH. ÜTMeiJaiOTe5l llOCTeiieHHbie
B33MMonepexo.J,bi Me.tKAY pa3HOCT5lMH ra66po. MaccHBbi ra66pon,ll,OB HHTeH
enBHO TeKTOHIIqecrm rrepepaÓOT3Hbi, B eB5l3 H C 'leM ]leÍÍ:CTBHTeJibHYIO IlX MOili.
HOCTb onpe;J.e.'IHTb TPYAHO. YeJIOBHO oHa npnHHMaeTC5l HaMH B IIHTepsaJie
100-1000 :\L
,llHaÓ330Bhiif KOMIIJieKC CJIOJKeH Cepll5!Mll rra paJIJieJibHb!X ,11,3eK MeJIK03ep
HHCTb!X 11 epeJI.He-, peJKe KpyuHo3epHHCTbiX ,nrra6a30B . K oMnJi eKc rrpeJ.J.CTaB
JieH B 6JioKe Jlac-BHJib5le O'leHb lliiipoKo, o6pa3y51 Ka K Óbi «OTopo<J:K.Y»
YJibTpaMa<PMTOBoro KOMIIJieKea, pa 3BHTYIO noBeeMeCTHO Ha BeeM npocTHpa
HIIH ü<}:JHOJIIlTOBOfO 1105IC3, KOHT3KTHpy5I e ceprreHTilHHT3MH KaK C ceBep3,
TaK H e rora. ITpoTmKeHHOCTb TeJI , cocTaBJieHHbiX .AHaóa30BbiMH ,11,ail.KaMH,
,il,OCTHraeT 20-30 KM nprr BH,nHMOH IIX Mülli.HOCTH 1-5 KM. BHy TpeHHee
CTpOeHIIe T3KIIX TeJI 011pe]leJI5leTC5l H3JIH'lHeM Cepnif. ,ll,aeK AIIqÓ330B pa3HOH
3epHileTOCTil H pa3JIH'IHOH MOili.HOCTH (OT 0,2 AO 6-7 M), npll 9TOM KOHT3K
THPYIOili.He A3HKII MoryT HMeTb OAHHaKoByiO H pa3HYIO, KaK rrpaBHJIO, 3epmr
eToCTb, B OTAeJibHhiX cJiyiJa5lx e xoporno Bb!paJKeHHoii: 30HOii: 3aKaJIKH. Me
cTaMn A3HKH COeT05lT ii3 arJIOMepaTOBbiX 6peKIJHH ,nHaÓa30~. 30Hbi,
92
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P11c. 3. CxeMa cTpoeHHH npoBHHUHH .lac-Bu.lhHC (cocraBHJÜI B. H. 3eJienymH, E. <l>oH· -ceKa, J1. ,Uuac no Ma'repliaJiaM Kan'lesa H .1p. A. B. ,Uos6nu ¡.¡ .l\p. ¡.¡ co6crseHHbiM aaHHhiM) ~nreoci!HKJIHHaJibHbJÜ KOMnJieKc ¡!JopMa~nii. Ocpuo.wrosaR accol{Ual{UR (1-5): 1- YJibTpa
MatjlHTbi (a- rapu6yprMTbl cepneHTHHH3lipOB3HHbie, 6- cepneHTHHHTOBbiH M€JI3H)K), 2-KoMnJieKc ra66pOHJI.OB (a- ra66po, aMqm6oJIOBOe ra66po, noJioc'!aroe ra66po, 6- OJIH·
BHHOBO€ ra66p0, TpOKTOJIHTbi), 3- KBapueBble )lHOpHTbl, TOH3JIHTbl, ITJI3l"HOfpaHHTbl, 4-.D.Ha6a3bi, 5- aqmpoBhie 6a3 aJibTbl e pe,!\KHMH rrpoc.lOHMH KpeMHeil (cBHTa Carya-Jia-llnKa K 1n•?). OcrposooyJtCHbtÜ KoMn!l.eKc cpopMat.¡uü (6-12): 6- KOHTpacTHaH 6a3aJibT-JIHrra prr·
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K3JlbKapeHHThi, ryqJOrrec'!amum (csnTa TipoBHHCH3Jib K 2cm), 9- ry¡jlljJHThi, Tycjlonecqa HHKH, MepreJIH (cBHTa Ceii6a6o K2c m-t), JO- nocJie,!\oBaTeJibHo .l(HcjJ¡jlepeHUHposaHHaH
Q333JibT·3H,l(€3HT·,!\3UHTcJllill3pHTOB3H qJOpM3UHH, KOHfJJOMep3Tbl, neC'l3HHKH, 3JJeBpOJIHTbl (cBHTbl ApliMao, Epyxa, Jla PaHa, ,UaroMaJJh- !<.:?8 ), 11- H3BeCTHHKH, n ec'!aHHKH, Tyljlhi KHCJJoro cocTasa (cBHTbi Tia.nbMapuro, KoToppo- K 2cp-m), 12- rpaHHTOH.l\hi JVlaHHKapa
rya (TOH3JJllT-rpaHO)lll0pHTOB3 H cjl ü pM3Ullll); J3 -ljJJIUlllOH,!\H35! TOJJIU3: ll€CIJ3HHKI' , 3JL0R· püJIHTbl, MepreJIH, KOHfJIOMepaTbl (K2c m-ru_ f'1); ]4- OJ!llCTpOCTpOMOBbi€ o6p330B3HHll
apmJIJIHTbl H MepreJIH C 6JIOK3MH OC3,!(0'1Hb!X H M3fM3TH4eCKllX nopO,!\ ( f' 12-b2); 15-M€T3MOptj¡H30B3HHbl€ 3Bf€0CHHKJIHH3JibHbl€ o6p330B3HHH (KOMllJI€KC JVla6yXHHO); J6 -KOMllJI€KC MOJ13CC0ll,l(Hb!X cjlü pMaUHrl H3JI0)!(€ HHblX Bli3}1.HH: MepreJIH, H3B€CTHHKJf, K0Hf.10· MepaTbi, nec'laHHKH, aJieBpomnbi (K.2cp-m- P3). MHoreocHHKJIHHaJJbHblií KOMnJieKc «f!op
MaQuii: J7- ll€JillTOMOpqJHble, MHKpüKpHCT3JJJIH'l€CKIHi H fJIHHHCTbl€ H3BeCTH51Kil, Il€C'l3HH· KH, aJJespoJJHThi, Kp eMHH (rpynna KannTOJIHO, CBHTbl Tpo'la, JVlaprapuTa n J. p .- J,-K ¡n • ), 18-KpeMHH, H3B€CTHHKH, aprHJIJIHThi (cBHTbl CaHTa-Tepe3a, KapMHTa-K1ap -al), 19-H3BeCTHHKOBble 6peK'IHH H KOHrJJOMepaTbi, aJieBpOJIHTbi, MepreJJH (CBHTbl Xy~1arya , Carya-
.f'; -f'~), 20- M€T3MOpljl1!3 0B3HHbie MHOreOCI!HKm!Ha.lJbHble o6pa30B3Hilll rop 3cK3~!6p3H (J3-K1); 21- HeoreH-'l€TBepTH'!Hble o6pa30B3HHH; 22- H3,1BHrH; 23- OCHOBHbl€ p33JI0Mbl
cocTaBJieHHhie rro.n:o6HbiMH ,:r:aüKa~m. ;:¡ocrnraiOT MOIUHOCTn S0-70 M. TIpo
CTHpaHHe ,n:aeK OÓbl'.IHO cy6rrapa.1.1e.lbHO KOHT3ET3~I C cepneHTHHHTOBbiM
MeJiamKeM. MomHocTb .ii.Ha6a3oBoro Eo:-om.leKca 700-1500 M. Ea3aJibTOBbiÜ KOMrr.rreKc (Bbr.J.e.1eHH35! Ha:vm cBHTa Carya-Jia-Y:HKa B
npeneJiax rpyrrrrbr CypparraH;ma rro C. XaTTeHy} pa3BHT He noBceMeCTHO,
0Óp33YH BHeiliHIOJO npepblBHCTY!O OTHOCHTeJibHO M3JIOMOlUHYIO «OTOpoqKy» .ii.I13Óa3oB (cM. pHc. 3). KoMnJieKc npe;xcTaBJieH aqmpoBbiMH 3eJieHOKaMeHHO·
H3MeHeHHbiMH He,ii,IHpcpepeHI¡HpOB3HHblMH Ó333JlbT3MH, cpe,n:H KOTOpbiX
H3penKa OTMeqaiOTCH OT.UeJihHb!e rrpoc.JIOH Kpe1Ymeü 11 aprHJI.JIHTOB. Oca,n:oq-
1-lble IIOpO,Ubl COCT3BJIH!OT He ÓOJiee 15% MOIIJ.HOCTH CBIITbl. D333JlbTbi B pH,n:e
CJiyqaeB X a paKTepii3YIOTCH rro,n:ywe'l!HOH OT,UeJibHOCTbiO, B UeJIOM OL!eHb MO
HOTOHHbi, H3pe,ii,K3 IIMeiOT MHH,UaJieKaMeHHYIO TeKCTypy. BeCbM3 XapaKTep-
1!0 HaJIHL!He B HIIX .n:aeK MeJIKO~ u TOHK03epHHCThiX rwa6a30B. KoHTaKT 6a-
93
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33JlbTOB e ,il.ll8Óa30BbiM KOMI1JieKCOM 110eTerreHHbiH.:: tjjl{"~pe,n.eTaBJI5IeT COÓOH
30HY 11epexo,n.a ,il.O 300-500 M MOIUHOCTbiO, B KOTOpoti eHH3Y BBepx IIOeTe-
11eHI-¡O p aeTeT püJib Óa38JlbTOB, OT 1 Ü ,n.o 20% B Hll2KHeH qaCTH 30I;Ibl ,il.O
60-70% B e e BepxHe:H qacTH. B CBH 3H e 9TH M pa3,n.eJieHHe 6a3aJibTOBoro fi ,n.ua6a3oBoro KOMI1JieKCOB .J.OBO.lbHO cJI02KHO. Hau6oJiee rroJIHbiH pa3pe3
Ó838JibTOBOrO KOMIIJieKea eOCTaB.1eH IIO p. Carya-Jia-l.JHKa, r)l.e ero MOill
HOeTb ,n.oeTnraeT 600 M. Bo3pacT 6a3aJibTOB ycJIOBHO rrpHHHMaeTeH HaMH
K8K HeOKOM, TaK KaK OHH .'Ielfi:aT B pa3pe3e Hll)Ke aTIT-aJibÓCKHX BYJIK8HHTOB
eBHTbr MaTarya H 11pe_:¡rro.10:iKHTe.1hHO roTeppm3cKHX BYJIKaHoreHHbiX 110POA
CBHTbi Jioe-naeoc. TaK :a;e KaK n 6a3aJibTbi 30Hbi Baila ÜH,ZJ,a, 110 eBOHM
IIeTpOXHMHqeeKHM 11apaMeTpa:\1 (\IaJIOe KOJIHqeeTBO IUeJioqeti, HH3KOe Ka~ JIHeBo-HaTpoBoe OTHoiiieHne, BbiCOKoe eoAep2KaHHe MgO) II rrpuBe,n.eHHOH
Bbiille r eoJioruqeeKOfi xapaK7epHeTHKe 6a3aJibTOBbiH KOMIIJieKe OcpHOJIHTO· Boif aecounau1m 6.'1oKa .rlac-Bn.lhHC OTHOCHTeH K cpopMaUHH HaTpHeBbiX
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BHJibHC 11pHcyTcTBYIOT Bce Heo6xo,n.HMbie coeTaBmiÍomne KJiaeenqeeKoro
pa3pe3 a ocpno.1HTOB. O;rnaKo no epaBHemrro e 6JIOKOM nnHap-,n.eJib-PHo xa
paKTep pa3pe3 a HeCKO.'lhKO H3:\1eHHJieB: 1) B YJibTpaMacpHTOBOM . KOMIIJieKee
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l. Aeaeee A. H., Ywa1we C. A. fpaanMerpuqecKaR Kapra a pe.n.yKU:HI! .:Pa51 Kapu6cKoro MOp51. M-6 1 : 4 000 000. CeaacrorroJih, 1977.
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Ky6bl H I!CTOpll51 ee CTaHOBJJeHIIll B CBCTe H3yqeHHR OJJI!CTOCTpOM ll MOJiacc.- f eoreKTO!ii!Ka, 1978, .N'2 3, C. 10Q-J1 8.
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