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MODULE 1Issues to think about

GLOBAL ISSUES

GUA

N3APRENDIZAJE

PROGRAMA DE EDUCACION DE ADULTOSGOBIERNO DE CHILE

DistribucinGratuita

GUA DE APRENDIZAJE DE INGLS

PARA SEGUNDO CICLO DE EDUCACIN MEDIA

Elaborada por:

Jessica Delgado .Colaboradora:

Nancy Jorquera C.


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Gua de Ingls para Segundo Ciclo de Educacin Media

Programa de Educacin de AdultosInscripcin N 169964

Ministerio de Educacin

Diseo, diagramacin e impresin: Grfica Uno

lustraciones portadas: Lorena Caldern C.

Ilustraciones pginas interiores: 2008 JupiterImages Corporation

Impreso en Uruguay por Impresora Sudamericana S.A.Edicin de 70.020 ejemplares

Distribucin Gratuita

2008


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GUA DE APRENDIZAJE N3Global Issues

En esta unidad usted

Reconocer lxico relacionado con diferentes temas de inters general. Leer comprensivamente acerca de temas de inters general. Establecer relaciones entre los temas emanados de los textos y sus experiencias y

reexiones personales. Interactuar con sus compaeros en forma oral preguntando y respondiendo acerca de los

contenidos de los textos. Responder preguntas en forma escrita y escribir mensajes breves. Reconocer el uso del tiempo pasado.

Global Issues 3


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Gua de Aprendizaje N 34

ICONOS UTILIZADOS EN LAS GUAS

Seala un mensaje con una es-trategia de aprendizaje, o unatarea que se puede comple-mentar.

Presenta una estructura otema gramatical.

Presenta la seccin de conso-lidacin y tambin se utiliza enla evaluacin.

Seala que se realizar unmini proyecto (individual ocolectivo).

Seala las actividades queinvolucran reproduccin o pro-duccin oral.

Seala las actividades queinvolucran produccin escrita.

Seala las actividades que

involucran lectura.


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Global Issues 5

Lesson 1: POVERTY

Si doy comida a los pobres, me llaman santo.Si pregunto por qu los pobres no tienen comida,

me llaman comunista.Helder Camara

1. Dena con sus palabras en castellano los siguientes conceptos:

a. Pobreza: ___________________________________________________

b. Inequidad: ___________________________________________________

c. Globalizacin:_________________________________________________

Conoce sus equivalentes en ingls? Bsquelos en el texto.

a. _______________ b._________________ c. __________________

2. Relacione los conceptos opuestos de ambascolumnas.

a. rich _____ smallest

b. wealthiest _____ poor

c. largest _____ international

d. national _____ undeveloped

e. developed _____ poorest


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Lea atentamente el siguiente texto.

Poverty is a global phenomenon. Inequality is growing around the world while the worldappears to globalize. No matter where you go, individuals living in absolute poverty will neverbe far away.

Lets review some facts:

Half the world-nearly three billion people live on less than two dollars a day.

The GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of the poorest 48 nations, (a quarter of the worlds

countries) is less than the wealth of the worlds three richest people combined.

Nearly a billion people entered the 21st century unable to read a book or sign theirnames.

Less than one per cent of what the world spent every year on weapons was needed to putevery child into school by the year 2000 and yet it didnt happen.

1 billion children live in poverty (1 in 2 children in the world).

640 million children live without adequate shelter.


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Global Issues 7

400 million children have no access to safer water.

270 million children have no access to health services.

10.6 million children died in 2003 before they reached the age of 5 (or roughly 29,000

children per day).

Behind the promising changes of globalization, there are current global decisions, policies,and practices. These are typically inuenced and formulated by the rich and powerful.These can be leaders of rich countries or other global actors such as multinational corpo-rations, institutions, and inuential people.

When you think about these facts, the governments of poor nations and their people areoften powerless. As a result, in the global context, a few get wealthy while the majorityremain poor or poorer.

3. Responda en ingls usando short answers (respuestas cortas).

a. Is inequality increasing around the world?

______________________________________________________________

b. Does poverty only affect some regions of the world?

______________________________________________________________

c. Is globalization contributing for poverty to disappear?

______________________________________________________________

d. Does the article contain only facts?

______________________________________________________________


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Remember!Recordemos el uso de las Short Answers en ingls. Observe losejemplos.

Examples: Yes, it is. / No, it isnt.

Yes, I do. / No, I dont.Yes, he does / No, he doesntYes, I can. / No, I cant.

O sea primero respondemos Yes o No, luego usamos el pronombrecorrespondiente ( I, you, he, she, it, they, we), y nalmente el verboauxiliar en su forma armativa o negativa. En la negacin se usa la formacontrada.

4. Responda en castellano de acuerdo al texto.

a. Qu dato del texto le parece ms impactante?

______________________________________________________________

b. Qu signica la armacin de que la pobreza es un fenmeno global?

______________________________________________________________

c. Segn el artculo quines toman las grandes decisiones mundiales?

______________________________________________________________

d. Est usted de acuerdo con las armaciones del artculo? Por qu?

______________________________________________________________


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Global Issues 9

5. Reexionemos.

Lea nuevamente el texto y el siguiente extracto de la Declaracin Universal de los DerechosHumanos.

Qu comentarios puede ofrecer al respecto?

Everyone has the right to work, to just and favorable conditions of work andto protection for himself and his family [and] an existence worthy of humandignity Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the healthand well being of himself and his family, including food, clothing, housing andmedical care.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948


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6. Escriba 3 citas o slogans en ingls acerca de la pobreza.Examples:

Poverty is the worst form of violence.(Mahatma Gandhi)

Poverty of goods is easily cured; poverty of the mind is irreparable.(Michel Eyquem de Montaigne)

Poverty is not a shame, but the person ashamed of it is.(English proverb)

Poverty is______________________________________________________

Poverty is______________________________________________________

Poverty is______________________________________________________

Si necesita ms informacin acerca del tema, usted puede visitar el sitio:http:// www.globalissues.org/


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Global Issues 11

Lesson 2: CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING

1. Piense y responda en castellano.

a. Ha odo hablar del calentamiento global?

______________________________________________________________

2. LLuvia de palabras

Anote todas las palabras o ideas en castellano relacionadas con el cambio climtico.

Por ejemplo: bajas temperaturas,

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

BEFORE AFTER?


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Global warming refers to the gradual increaseof the Earths average surface temperature,because of excessive of greenhouse gases inthe atmosphere.

Climate change is a broader term that refers tolong-term changes in climate, including averagetemperature and precipitation, as well as changesin the seasonal or geographic variability oftemperature and precipitation.

Should we worry about global warming?

This is the best time to worry about global warming,

because theres no longer any doubt in the scientic community that its happening, butif we act now, we can still avoid its worst consequences.

Global temperatures have increased by 1 F over the past 100 years. Although this mayseem like a small change, it is enough to harm important ecosystems, change rainfallpatterns and raise the sea level. Climate models project additional warming of about2 10 F over the next 100 years. The overwhelming consensus of scientists who studythe atmosphere is that this warming is caused primarily by the build-up of greenhousegases (GHGs) in the atmosphere, mostly from the burning of fossil fuels like coal andoil.

Although scientists still argue about how fast and how much the atmosphere will warm,most people from the scientic community agrees on three key points: the earth is

warming; the warming is caused primarily by the build-up of GHGs in the atmosphere; andthat the warming will continue if we dont reduce GHG emissions.

Monitoree su nivel de comprensin lectora repitiendo (de preferencia en voz alta)los puntos principales del texto. Tome apuntes de la informacin principal.

Formule preguntas al texto, por ejemplo de qu trata?, a quin est dirigido?,qu intencin tiene?, luego lea tratando de responder las preguntas.

Reexione acerca de lo que ley. Compare la informacin con lo que usted sabe deltema.


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Global Issues 13

3. Responda Verdadero o Falso acerca del texto. (True or False)

a. Global warming is the gradual increase of the Earths average surface temperature. ____

b. Greenhouse gases are the cause of global warming. ____

c. Climate change is a broader term that refers to short-term changes in climate. ____

d. Warming is caused only from the burning of fossil fuels like coal and oil. ____

e. There is complete agreement among scientist about how fast and how muchthe atmospherewill warm. ____

4. Responda en castellano acerca del texto.

a. Dena con sus palabras y de acuerdo a lo que dice el texto:

Global Warming: _________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Climate change: _________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

b. Cules son los tres puntos en qu hay acuerdo en la comunidad cientca respecto alcalentamiento global y al cambio climtico?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________


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c. Es tiempo de actuar? Por qu?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

5. Busque en el texto:

a. Un sinnimo de rainfall. __________________________________________

b. El opuesto de decrease. __________________________________________

c. Dos tipos de combustible. __________________________________________

d. El superlativo de bad. __________________________________________

e. El nombre de un planeta. __________________________________________

Si necesita ms informacin acerca del tema, usted puede visitar el sitio:http:// www.globalissues.org/


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Global Issues 15

Lesson 3: LETS PRESERVE OUR CULTURE

1. Responda en ingls acerca de usted.

a. Do you like music?

____________________________________________________________

b. What kind of music do you like?

_____________________________________________________________

c. Which is your favorite Chilean singer or group?

______________________________________________________________


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Los Jaivas were originally called High Bass (they took the name from the amplier) and

then the name evolved into that Chilean shellsh that is similar to the crab.

Los Jaivas were the rst band that made a fusion between progressive rock and Andesfolk music using electric rock and Indian traditional instruments. This mixture has alsohippie poetic lyrics that speak about happiness, peace, brotherhood and the discoveringof the inner self.

They appeared in Chilean music in 1963. The Group was formed by The Parra brothers,Mario Mutis and Eduardo Gato Alquinta. The band took refuge in Argentina after themilitary coup and then they moved to France, where they lived for a long time. The rstmajor change in the band occurred in 1988 when Gabriel Parra died in Per. His daughterJuanita took his place behind the drums.

In January 2003, the lead singer, Gato Alquinta, died in Coquimbo, of a heart attack. Hisfuneral lasted three days, and gathered nearly 250,000 people.

Los jaivas have more than 4 decades developing a very unique sound.

Todos Juntos, was the most popular song in Chile in 1972 and became a major hit in allSouth America. It starts with beautiful utes and acoustic percussions and then an elec-tric bass and charangos enter the scene converting it into some kind of soft progressiverock with a folk vibe, catchy melodies and beautiful electric guitar solos. Its beautifullyrics translated into English are something like this:

Its been a long time since Ive been wonderingwhy the Earth is round and only one?

If we all live separatedwhat are the skies and the seas for?What does the shines upon us forif we avoid looking at each other?...What to live so separated for?When the Earth tries to bring us togetherwhen this world is one and for all of usall together we are gonna live


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Global Issues 17

Customer Reviews:

Real Chilean music represents!

This is one of my favorite bands from Chile and this album is great, sinceit holds many of their hits. Mira Niita is the most romantic song in thewhole world and very beautiful as well. Please, if you would like to hear adifferent kind of Latin music, I would really recommend it.

The very best of Los Jaivas

This is one of the most amazing CDs Ive ever heard. Los Jaivasis probably the unique band in the world that has mixed the pro-gressive and rock music with the rhythms of the ancient Amerin-dian cultures. It is not rock music at all but the rockers will besurprised to hear these songs (especially those corresponding to the

early songs) and it is not Andean music either but the people who likesthis kind of music will be surprised too with the particular atmospherecreated in these songs.

If you wanna open your mind and your ears to a very unique music, donthesitate and get it.


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2. Responda en ingls de acuerdo al texto.

a. What is the text about?

______________________________________________________________

b. Who are Los Jaivas?

______________________________________________________________

c. Which was their original name?

______________________________________________________________

d. What is a jaiba in Spanish?

______________________________________________________________

e. What kind of instruments does this group use?

______________________________________________________________

3. Responda en castellano de acuerdo al texto.

a. Qu caracteriza a esta banda musical?______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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Global Issues 19

b. Mencione tres caractersticas de la cancin Todos juntos.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

c. Qu opina la primera persona acerca de la cancin Mira niita?

___________________________________________________

d. Qu dice la segunda persona acerca de la msica de los Jaivas?

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

4. Traduzca los siguientes versos al castellano.

Its been a long time since Ive been wonderingwhy the Earth is round and only one?

If we all live separatedwhat are the skies and the seas for?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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5. Piense y Responda en castellano.

a. Es necesario preservar la cultura de un pueblo en un mundo globalizado como en el quvivimos? Por qu?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

b. Cmo puede la msica contribuir a preservar la cultura de un pueblo?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

6. Mini-project.

Seleccionen elementos o aspectos que ustedes consideren representativos de nuestra

cultura.

Representen de algn modo esos elementos o aspectos y descrbanlos en forma muy simpleen ingls.

Organicen junto al resto de su clase una exposicin con los trabajos realizados.

Si necesita ms informacin acerca del tema, usted puede visitar el sitio:http:// www.progressive.homestead.com/LOSJAIVAS.html


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Global Issues 21

1. Escriba el concepto correspondiente a cada denicin. Seleccinelo del banco de

palabras.

Poverty - Globalization - Global warming - Climate changeCulture preservation

a. The gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earths atmosphere thought tobe caused by the greenhouse effect and responsible for changes on global climatepatterns.

______________________________________________________________

b. Protection and promotion of cultural heritage.

______________________________________________________________

c. People, families or groups whose resources (material, cultural and social) are so limited as toexclude them form the minimum acceptable way of life in the group to which they belong.

______________________________________________________________

d. Increasing global connectivity, integration and interdependence in the economic, social,technological, cultural, political and ecological spheres.

______________________________________________________________

e. Term used to imply a signicant change from one climatic condition to another.

______________________________________________________________

CONSOLIDATION


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2. Encuentre en las lecciones al menos una palabra en ingls derivada de:

a. Happy _____________________________________________________

b. Power _____________________________________________________

c. Wealth _____________________________________________________

d. Brother _____________________________________________________

e. Beauty _____________________________________________________

3. Escriba en ingls los conceptos opuestos de:

a. Rich _______

b. Wealth _______

c. Life _______

d. Powerful _______

e. Increase _______

4. Escriba palabras para las siguientes categoras.

a. Globalization: _________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

b. Music: _________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

c. Climate: _________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________


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Global Issues 23

Realice una encuesta entre sus compaeros/as acerca de las 10 canciones ms

representativas de nuestra cultura.

1. _____________________________ 2. ____________________________

3. _____________________________ 4. ____________________________

5. _____________________________ 6. ____________________________

7. _____________________________ 8. ____________________________

9. _____________________________ 10. ____________________________

Grbelas si es posible.

Disee la portada de una cartula de CD; incluya imagen y texto en ingls.

5. Mini-project.

Just for kidding

Teacher: How can we get some clean water?

Student: Bring the water from the river and wash it.

Lea el chiste y explquelo a otra persona. Practique la pronunciacin y luego memorcelo.

Intente crear variaciones del dilogo que resulten igualmente graciosas.


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GRAMMAR TIPS

En ingls existen verbos llamados regulares y verbos irregulares.

El pasado de los verbos regulares se forma agregando al verbo laterminacin ed al verbo.Ejemplo: work - worked

El pasado de los verbos irregulares no se forma agregando ed. Ejemplo: go - went

Simple Past Tense

Se usa el tiempo pasado para:

Referirse a acciones que ya ocurrieron en un tiempo denido en el pasado.

Ejemplo: I went to the beach last summer.

Referirse a acciones que sucedieron inmediatamente una despus de otra en el pasado. Ejemplo: First, she took her temperature. Then she called the doctor.

Para referirse a acciones habituales en el pasado, pero que ya no ocurren.Tambin se puede usar la forma used to

Ejemplo: People travelled by carriage in those days.People used to travel by carriage in those days.:

Afrmative Form

IYouHeSheItWe

YouThey

*worked*went

*La forma del verbo es la misma con todas las personas.

Negative Form

IYouHeSheItWe

YouThey

did not(didnt)

workgo

Question (?)

IYouHeSheItWe

YouThey

Did work?go?


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Global Issues 25

Practiquemos!

1. Lea las siguientes oraciones y luego responda en castellano.

Los Jaivas were originally called High Bass.

They took the name from the amplier.

The name evolved into Los jaivas.

They appeared in Chilean music in 1963.

Eduardo Alquinta died in 2003.

a. En qu tiempo verbal estn las oraciones?

______________________________________________________________

b. Cules de las oraciones contienen verbos regulares? Cmo las identica?

______________________________________________________________

2. Complete las siguientes oraciones con el verbo dado en pasado.

a. Todos juntos ______ the most popular song in 1972. (be)

b. It ____________ a major hit in all South America. (become)

c. Los Jaivas __________ in France for a long time. (live)

d. Gabriel Parra ____________ in Per. (die)

e. Juanita __________ Gabriels place. ( take)


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3. Responda las siguientes preguntas en ingls. Utilice respuestas completas.

a. Did you come to class yesterday? ______________________________________

b. Did you watch TV last night? ______________________________________

c. Did you study last year? ______________________________________

4. Cul es el equivalente en castellano para las expresiones de tiempo subrayadas en elejercicio anterior?

a. Yesterday ____________________

b. Last night ____________________

c. Last year ____________________

5. Agregue otras expresiones de tiempo pasado en ingls.

_______________ __________________ ______________________

_______________ __________________ ______________________

_______________ __________________ ______________________

_______________ __________________ ______________________

_______________ __________________ ______________________

si quieres encontrar ms ejercicios o informacin gramatical puedes visitar:http://www.mansioningles.com

http://www.multingles.net


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List of Words Translate

half medio / mitad

happiness felicidadhappy feliz

himself si mismo (masclino)

increase aumento

inner self ser interior

key clave

less menos

long-term largo alcance

lyrics letra (de cancin)

military coup golpe militarmixture mezcla

mostly la mayora

nearly cerca

oil aceite / petrleo

overwhelming arrollador

patterns patrones / modelos

peace paz

policies polticas

poverty pobrezapowerful poderoso/a

powerless sin poder

rainfall precipitaciones

rich rico


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Global Issues 29

List of Words Translate

right derecho

roughly aproximadamenteseasonal estacional

shame verguenza

shellsh marisco

shelter refugio

sign rmar

singer cantante

song cancin

still an

surface supercieterm trmino

unable incapaz

vibe vibra (abrev. de vibration)

Wanna querer (coloquial want to)

warming calentamiento

wealth riqueza

wealthy rico

weapons armas

while mientraswhole todo / completo

worst superlative de badel/la/los/las peor (es)

worthy digno/a de


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USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

I think : Yo pienso

I believe : Yo creo

I feel : Yo siento

In my opinion : En mi opinin.

More or less. : Ms o menos.

No matter! : No importa!

On time. : A tiempo.

Do you think? : Piensas? (para pedir consejo)

Would it be a good idea to? : Sera una buena idea?Let me help you! : Djame ayudarte!

Can I do something to help? : Puedo ayudar?

I nd.very interesting! : Encuentro..muy interesante!

Move yourself! / Get going! : Aprate!

Put your foot down! : Ponte las pilas!

I messed up! : lo ech a perder!

Catch ya later! : Hasta pronto!

Take care! : Cudate!

Fair enough! : De acuerdo!

Im a jam! : Estoy en un lo!

Im grounded! : Estoy castigado/a!


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Global Issues 31

Revise su trabajo en la unidad.Piense si ha progresado respecto de cuando parti.

Self EvaluationHow have I done in this unit? Marque la gura que mejor representa su trabajo en la unidad.

Lo que ms me gust:___________________________________________

Lo que ms me cost: ___________________________________________


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