artículo sobre guías de onda inhomogéneas

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  • 7/28/2019 Artculo sobre guas de onda inhomogneas

    1/8

    JMMM XT@LV@FXJELV EL KJFTEY@QM XBMETZ @LH XMFBLJP]MV# QEC, 82# LE, 8# @^TJC 4>>> =2:

    @l`cysjs ea Jlbekeimlmeuscy Ajccmh Y`vmiujhms]sjli ` Dj+Ertbelerk`c+D`sjs Kmtbeh

    Mlrjqum Vjcvmstrm# Kjiumc @limc @djl# Dmljte Ijkmle# @cdmrt Amrr`lhe# Kjiumc Q, @lhrs# Kmkdmr# JMMM# `lhQjfmltm M, Derj`

    @dstr`ft@ imlmr`c tbmermtjf`c aerkuc`tjel te `l`cyzm jlbeke+imlmeuscy ajccmh w`vmiujhms wjtb cessy hjmcmftrjfs js prmsmltmh jltbjs p`pmr, Xbm w`vm mqu`tjels aer tbm tr`lvmrsm+ajmch fekpelmlts`rm wrjttml jl tmrks ea ` lelsmca+`hgejlt cjlm`r epmr`ter `lh jts`hgejlt, Xbm mjimlvmfters ea tbjs p`jr ea cjlm`r epmr`ters hmajlm `djertbelerk`c+d`sjs# `ccewjli aer ` k`trjx rmprmsmlt`tjel ea tbmw`vm mqu`tjels jl tbm d`sjs ea `l `uxjcj`ry w`vmiujhm, Xbus# tbmpredcmkea secvjli ` systmkea hjaamrmltj`c mqu`tjelsjs tr`lsaerkmhjlte ` cjlm`r k`trjx mjimlv`cum predcmk, Xbjs aerkuc`tjel js `p+pcjmh te rmft`liuc`r w`vmiujhms ce`hmh wjtb `l `rdjtr`ry lukdmrea hjmcmftrjf sc`ds fmltmrmh `t `rdjtr`ry pejlts, Xbm fekp`rjselwjtb tbmermtjf`c rmsucts `v`jc`dcm jl tbm cjtmr`turm ijvms ieeh `irmm+kmlt,

    Jlhmx XmrksHjmcmftrjf+ce`hmh w`vmiujhms# mjimlv`cums# mjiml+vmfters# lukmrjf`c `l`cysjs# w`vmiujhm tbmery,

    J, JLXTEH]FXJEL

    J LBEKEIMLJE]VCZ ajccmh w`vmiujhms b`vm rmfmjvmhfelsjhmr`dcm `ttmltjel jl tbm c`st hmf`hms dmf`usm ea tbmjr`ppcjf`tjels jl ` v`rjmty ea w`vmiujhm fekpelmlts, Xbm kehmsea prep`i`tjel ea sufb w`vmiujhms `rm let# jl imlmr`c# XK erXM kehms# dut bydrjh kehms, Xbm deulh`ry v`cum kmtbeh b`sdmml usmh te f`cfuc`tm tbm keh`c secutjels aer felfmltrjf _0[#

    _4[ `lh mffmltrjf _6[ hjmcmftrjf+ce`hmh fjrfuc`r iujhms# `s wmcc`s aer rmft`liuc`r iujhms ajccmh wjtb hjmcmftrjf sc`ds _8[# _=[, Jltb`t kmtbeh# tbm mcmftrek`ilmtjf ajmch js mxp`lhmh jl tmrks ea`l`cytjf`c aulftjels jl tbm rmcmv`lt rmijels ea tbm w`vmiujhm#`lh ` cjlm`r mjimlv`cum predcmk js edt`jlmh `atmr jkpesjli tbmdeulh`ry felhjtjels jl tbm ferrmspelhjli jltmra`fms, Ybml tbmiujhm js ajccmh wjtb twe er kerm hjmcmftrjfs# tbm hmtmrkjl`tjelea tbm prep`i`tjel felst`lts `lh ea tbm kehm ajmchs dmfekmshjaajfuct dmf`usm ea tbm tr`lsfmlhmlt`c mqu`tjels jlvecvmh,@ctmrl`tjvmcy# ` v`rj`tjel`c kmtbeh js usmh jl _1[ te f`cfuc`tmtbm mjimlv`cums jl rmft`liuc`r w`vmiujhms ce`hmh wjtb cesscmsshjmcmftrjf sc`ds, Xbm ajljtm+mcmkmlt kmtbeh b`s dmml mxtmlsjvmcy`ppcjmh te ajlh tbm mjimlv`cums `lh keh`c ajmchs jl hjmcmftrjf

    K`lusfrjpt rmfmjvmh G`lu`ry 04# 0:::, Xbjs wero w`s suppertmh dy tbm Iml+mr`cjt`t Q`cmlfj`l`# Q`cmlfj`# Vp`jl# ulhmr Ir`lt IQ:1+H+FL+>=080# dy tbmHjrmffjl Imlmr`c hm Jlvmstji`fjl Fjmltajf` y Xfljf` ulhmr Ir`lt XJF:9+00=6# `lh dy tbm Kjljstmrje hm Mhuf`fjl y Fjmlfj`# Vp`jl,

    M, Vjcvmstrm `lh @, Amrr`lhe `rm wjtb tbm Hmp`rt`kmlte hm ptjf`# ]ljvmr+sjh`h hm Q cmlfj`# 810>> Durg`sset# Q`cmlfj`# Vp`jl,

    K, @, @djl# D, Ijkmle# `lh K, Q, @lhrs `rm wjtb tbm Hmp`rt`kmlte hmAsjf` @pcjf`h`JFK]Q# ]ljvmrsjh`h hm Q`cmlfj`# 810>> Durg`sset# Q`cmlfj`#Vp`jl,

    Q, M, Derj js wjtb tbm Hmp rt`kmlte hm Fekuljf fjelms# ]ljvmrsjh`h^ecjtfljf` hm Q cmlfj`# 81>44 Q cmlfj`# Vp`jl,

    ^udcjsbmr Jtmk Jhmltjajmr V >>02+:82>">>*>492>+>,

    ce`hmh iujhms _9[# _2[_0>[, Xbmrm `rm# `s wmcc# ` lukdmrea k`trjx aerkuc`tjel kmtbehs te `l`cyzm jlbekeimlmeuscyajccmh w`vmiujhms jl wbjfb tbm ajmchs `rm mxp`lhmh jl ` smt ead`sjs aulftjels _00[_01[# `lh d`smh el C`pc`fm `lh Aeurjmrtr`lsaerks tmfbljqums _09[,

    Jl tbjs p`pmr# wm hmvmcep ` rjiereus `lh fekput`tjel`ccymaajfjmlt kmtbeh te edt`jl tbm keh`c spmftruk jl jlbekeim+lmeuscy ajccmh w`vmiujhms wjtb cessy hjmcmftrjf ea `rdjtr`rypreajcms, Vt`rtjli wjtb tbm hjaamrmltj c mqu`tjels ievmrljlitbm prep`i`tjel ea tbm tr`lvmrsm mcmftrjf `lh k`ilmtjf ajmchs#

    wm jhmltjay ` p`jr ea cjlm`r lelsmca+`hgejlt epmr`ters# wbesmmjimlvmfters s`tjsay ` djertbeiel`cjty rmc`tjelsbjp, Xbm omy mc+mkmlt ea eur `ppre`fb js te tr`lsaerk tbm systmk ea hjaamrmltj`cmqu`tjels jlte ` cjlm`r k`trjx mjimlv`cum predcmk dy km`lsea tbm I`cmrojl kmtbeh# usjli tbm mjimlvmfters ea `l `uxjcj`rypredcmk, Arek ` fekput`tjel`c pejlt+ea+vjmw# tbjs kmtbehjs vmry maajfjmlt dmf`usm tbm jltmir`cs jlvecvmh jl tbm k`trjxmcmkmlts `rm# jl prjlfjpcm# armqumlfy jlhmpmlhmlt# se tbmy b`vmte dm mv`cu`tmh elcy elfm te edt`jl tbm hjspmrsjel furvms# tbusimlmr`tjli ` redust `lh maajfjmlt fehm, Xbjs kmtbeh b`s dmml`ppcjmh te stuhy epml hjmcmftrjf w`vmiujhms# `s rmpertmh jl _02[`lh _0:[, Fekp`rjsels dmtwmml eur rmsucts `lh tbm `v`jc`dcmlukmrjf`c pudcjsbmh h`t` auccy v`cjh`tm tbm tbmery prmsmltmhbmrm,

    JJ, XBMETMXJF@C AETK]C@XJEL

    Eur st rtjli pejlt `rmK`xwmccs mqu`tjels aer uljaerk fress+smftjel w`vmiujhms p`rtj`ccy er tet`ccy ajccmh wjtb ` cessy hj+mcmftrjf kmhj` hmajlmh dy jts hjmcmftrjf pmrkjttjvjty

    , Ym `ssukm tb`t tbm felsjhmrmh kmhj` hems let b`vmk`ilmtjf prepmrtjms , Xbus# tbm secutjel ea tbm predcmkf`l dm edt`jlmh `s ` supmrpesjtjel ea ajmchs wjtb mxpcjfjt b`r+keljf hmpmlhmlfm el "wm `ssukm tb t tbm tjkm hmpmlhmlfm

    js `cw`ys jkpcjfjt lh b`s ` b`rkeljf aerk aer `cc vmfterajmchs*

    "0*

    wbmrm js tbm prep`i`tjel felst`lt `lh `lh rmprmsmlt tbmtr`lsvmrsm+hmpmlhmlt "hmpmlhjli el `lh elcy* tbrmm+hjkml+sjel`c vmfter `kpcjtuhms ea tbm mcmftrjf `lh k`ilmtjf ajmchs# rm+spmftjvmcy, Ym `rm jltmrmstmh jl rmwrjtjli K`xwmccs mqu`tjels

    >>02:82>%>>(0>,>> 4>>> JMMM

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  • 7/28/2019 Artculo sobre guas de onda inhomogneas

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    =:4 JMMM XT@LV@FXJELV EL KJFTEY@QM XBMETZ @LH XMFBLJP]MV# QEC, 82# LE, 8# @^TJC 4>>>

    Aji,0, Fress smftjel ea `l jlbekeimlmeuscy ajccmh rmft liuc r w`vmiujhm wjtb`rdjtr`rjcy pc`fmh cessy hjmcmftrjf sc`ds,

    Aji,4, Tmft liuc r w`vmiujhm ce`hmh wjtb` hjmcmftrjf sc`d`celi tbm sjhmw`cc,

    X@DCM JLETK@CJWMH ^TE^@I@XJEL FELVX@LX

    ; o EA @ TMFX@LI]C@T Y@QMI]JHM CE@HMH YJXB @ HJMCMFXTJF VC@D

    @CELI XBM VJHMY@CC

    `lh# tbus# lelpec`rjz`tjel kjxjli# p`rt js smca+`hgejlt jl cess+cmss kmhj`, Xbjs a`ft k`oms mvjhmlt tbm fcesm rmc`tjel dmtwmmltbm lelsmca+`hgejlt fb`r ftmr ea `lh tbm aucc+vmfter hmsfrjptjelijvml dy jts mjimlvmfters, Jlhmmh# ` fycjlhrjf`c w`vmiujhm ulj+aerkcy ce`hmhwjtb ` bekeimlmeus hjmcmftrjf js hmsfrjdmhdy tbmajrst k`trjx ea "8`* "tbm smfelh k`trjx js zmre*# lh elcy XK lhXM kehms `ppm`r, Bewmvmr# wbml jt js ajccmh wjtb `l jlbeke+imlmeus hjmcmftrjf# hum te tbm smfelh k`trjx ea "8`*# kest ea tbmkehms `rm bydrjh, Xe mlh# wm mkpb`sjzm tbm ul`kdjiueus `lhrjiereus fb`r`ftmr ea tbm k`trjx felstruftjel `lh ea tbm kehmmxp`lsjels prmsmltmh bmrm# wbjfb `rm d`smh el tbm djertbeie+l`cjty prepmrty "2* s`tjsajmh dy tbm `uxjcj`ry d`sjs,

    JJJ, L]KMTJF@C TMV]CXV

    Xbm prmsmlt kmtbeh f`l dm `ppcjmh te ` c`rim v`rjmty eaw`vmiujhms, Jl a`ft# jts sujt`djcjty b`s `crm`hy dmml hmkel+

    Aji, 6, Tmft`liuc`r w`vmiujhm ce`hmh wjtb ` fmltmrmh hjmcmftrjf sc d,

    X@DCM JJLETK@CJWMH ^TE^@I@XJEL FELVX@LX EA @ TMFX@LI]C@T Y@QMI]JHM

    CE@HMH YJXB @ FMLXMTMH HJMCMFXTJF VC@D

    str tmh te hm c wjtb epml iujhms cjom eptjf c ajdmrs _02[#_0:[, Ym wjcc lew aefus el hjmcmftrjf+ce`hmh rmft`liuc rw`vmiujhms, Ym b`vm hmvmcepmh ` AETXT@L fehm te `l`cyzm `rmft`liuc`r w`vmiujhm p`rtj`ccy ce`hmh wjtb `rdjtr`rjcy pc`fmh

    cessy hjmcmftrjfs ea rmft`liuc`r fress smftjel# `s f`l dm sbewljl Aji, 0, Xbus# tbm rmc tjvm hjmcmftrjf pmrkjttjvjty eatbjs iujhm f`l dm mxprmssmh `s aeccews7

    "4>*

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    VJCQMVXTM mt `c,7 @L@CZVJV EA JLBEKEIMLME]VCZ AJCCMH Y@QMI]JHMV =:6

    "`* "d*

    "f* "h*

    Aji, 8, "`* Tmft`liuc`r w vmiujhm ce hmh wjtb tbrmm hjmcmftrjf sc`ds, ^cets ea tbm rm`c p`rt ea tbm ^eyltjli vmfter "z +fekpelmlt* aer tbm7 "d* X M # "f* X M #`lh "h* X M kehms# rmspmftjvmcy,

    wbmrm js tbm Bm`vjsjhm aulftjel# js tbm lukdmr ea hj+mcmftrjf sc`ds# lh tbm tb hjmcmftrjf js fmltmrmh t pejlt #

    jts sjzm dmjli dy , Jl eur f`sm# tbm `uxjcj ry predcmk jsfbesml te dm ` bekeimlmeuscy ajccmh rmft`liuc`r w`vmiujhm#fb`r ftmrjzmh dy # wbesm mjimlv`cums lh mjiml+vmfters `rm wmcc olewl "smm# m,i,# _48[*, Aeccewjli tbm tbmermt+jf`c aerkuc`tjel# tbm k`trjx mcmkmlts ea # hmrjvmh arek "0:*#`rm ijvml dy

    "40*

    @atmr sekm `cimdr`jf k`ljpuc`tjels# tbmsm jltmir`cs b`vm dmml`l`cytjf`ccy f`cfuc`tmh, @s ` felsmqumlfm# elcy ` lukmrjf`c hj+`iel`cjz`tjel prefmss b`s te dm pmraerkmh aer m`fb armqumlfypejlt# tbus rmsuctjli jl a`st fehm jkpcmkmlt`tjel,

    Ym b`vm fekp`rmh tbm rmsucts ea eur `ppre`fb wjtb mxjstjlielms aer ajvm hjaamrmlt hjmcmftrjf+sc`d+ce`hmh rmft`liuc`r iujhms,Xbm ajrst f`sm js ` rmft liuc`r w`vmiujhm ea wjhtb `lh bmjibt

    # wjtb ` hjmcmftrjf sc d `celi tbm sjhmw cc# `s sbewl jl Aji, 4,B`ca ea tbm w`vmiujhm js ajccmh wjtb hjmcmftrjf k`tmrj`c wbesmrmc tjvm pmrkjttjvjty js `lh tbm etbmr b ca js v fuuk,Xbjs f`sm js p`rtjfuc`rcy jltmrmstjli dmf`usm tbm `l`cytjf`c secu+tjel hems mxjst _4>[, Xe secvm tbjs sjkpcm f`sm# wm b`vm prepmrcy

    cef`tmh elm hjmcmftrjf rmft`liuc`r sc`d# `lh wm b`vm t`oml tbmvmfter kehm aulftjels ea `l mkpty rmft`liuc r iujhm `s tbm `ux+

    jcj ry d`sjs, Jl X`dcm J# wm fekp`rm eur rmsucts wjtb tbm mx`ft se+cutjel# `lh `cse wjtb rmsucts f`cfuc`tmh jl _:[ usjli tbm ajljtm+mc+mkmlt kmtbeh, Aer tbm fekp`rjsel# wm prmsmlt tbm lerk`cjzmhprep`i`tjel felst`lt ea tbm ajrst kehms # f`cfuc`tmh aer tbmwerojli armqumlfy ijvml dy , Elcy4>>`uxjcj rykehmsb`vm dmml usmh# t`ojli 60 s el ` Fr`yErjijl4>>> k`fbjlm, Xbmrmsucts `irmm wjtb m`fb etbmr `ffur`tmcy,

    Xbm smfelh f`sm js `i`jl ` rmft`liuc`r w`vmiujhm ea wjhtb`lh bmjibt wjtb ` fmltmrmh hjmcmftrjf sc`d# s sbewl jl

    Aji, 6, Jl X`dcm JJ# wm prmsmlt tbm lerk`cjzmh prep`i`tjel fel+st`lt aer tbm CVM `lh CVK kehms f cfuc`tmh aer tbm epmr+`tjli armqumlfy hmajlmh dy , Ym fekp`rm eur rmsuctswjtb tbesm prevjhmh dy ` v rj tjel`c `ppre`fb jl _1[, Xbm hjmcmf+

    trjf rmijel sjzm js dy wjtb rmc tjvm pmrkjttjvjty ,@s jl tbm prmvjeus f`sm# tbm `uxjcj`ry predcmk js `l mkpty rmft+`liuc`r iujhm, Xbm rmsucts ea X`dcm JJ b`vm dmml edt`jlmh usjli8>>d`sjs aulftjels# tbmfekput`tjeltjkm dmjli 0>6s el ` Fr`y+Erjijl4>>> k`fbjlm, Xbm `irmmkmlt dmtwmml detb kmtbehs jsieeh,

    Xbm tbjrh mx`kpcm js ` rmft`liuc`r w`vmiujhm ce`hmh wjtbtbrmm hjmcmftrjf sc`ds _smm Aji, 8"`*[, Xbjs strufturm js usmh tekehmc ` kjfrew`vm furm `ppcjf`ter jl _=[, Jl tbjs predcmk# wmcef tm hjmcmftrjf sc d ea rmc tjvm pmrkjttjvjty `t tbmfmltmr ea ` st`lh`rh YT+68> iujhm# wbjfb w`s bekeimlmeuscyajccmh wjtb hjmcmftrjf ea rmc tjvm pmrkjttjvjty # wbesmkehms `rm tbm `uxjcj`ry d`sjs, Jl X`dcm JJJ# wm ijvm tbm futeaa

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    =:8 JMMM XT@LV@FXJELV EL KJFTEY@QM XBMETZ @LH XMFBLJP]MV# QEC, 82# LE, 8# @^TJC 4>>>

    X@DCM JJJF]XEAA ATMP]MLFJMV "IBz* EA @ TMFX@LI]C@T Y@QMI]JHM CE@HMH YJXBXBTMM HJMCMFXTJF VC@DV AET HJAAMTMLX Q@C]MV EA XBM TMC@XJQM YJHXB

    EA XBM FMLXT@C HJMCMFXTJF TMIJEL " f ; *

    armqumlfjms aer aeur hjaamrmlt wjhtbs ea tbm fmltr`c hjmcmftrjf rm+ijel# `lh wm fekp`rm eur rmsucts wjtb tbesm edt jlmh dy secvjli` tr`lsfmlhmlt`c mqu`tjel _=[, Xbm lukdmr ea d`sjs aulftjelsmkpceymh jl tbjs f`sm js 6>>, Xbm hjstrjdutjel ea tbm mcmftre+k`ilmtjf ajmch js jkpert`lt jl tbm `ppcjf`tjels ea tbjs ojlh eastrufturms jl erhmr te aefus tbm mlmriy jl tbm fmltr`c rmijel eatbm iujhm, Eur kmtbeh prevjhms tbm prep`i`tjel felst`lts `lhtbm ajmchs ea tbm kehms, @s `l mx`kpcm# wm sbew tbm ^eyltjlivmfter preajcms aer tbm ajrst prep`i`tjli kehms jl Aji, 8"d*"h*,Jl tbmsm pcets# tbm epmr`tjli armqumlfy js = IBz# `lh tbm rmc+`tjvm wjhtb ea tbm fmltr c hjmcmftrjf rmijel js , Elmea tbm kest `ttr`ftjvm am`turms ea eur kmtbeh js tbm vmrs`tjcjty`lh acmxjdjcjty aer tbm `l`cysjs `lh hmsjil ea fekpcmx hjmcmftrjf

    strufturms ajccjli rmft`liuc`r iujhm# tbus dmfekjli pewmrauc`lh maamftjvm fekputmr+`jhmh hmsjil "F@H* teec, Xb`t js te s`y#tbm jlfcusjel ea etbmr sc`ds jlsjhm tbm iujhm js ` vmry sjkpcm t`somkpceyjli tbjs `cierjtbk# wbjcm etbmr tmfbljqums rmqujrm te rm+f`cfuc tmtbm aucc predcmk jl erhmr te ajlh tbmlmw tr`lsfmlhmlt cmqu`tjel,

    Xbm aeurtb mx`kpcm js ` sbjmchmh rmft`liuc`r hjmcmftrjf w`vm+iujhm, Jl Aji, =# wm prmsmlt tbm hjspmrsjel furvms aer tbm ajrsttwe kehms# fekp`rjli eur rmsucts wjtb tbesm edt`jlmh wjtb aj+ljtm+hjaamrmlfm kmtbeh _4=[, Xbmrmc tjvm pmrkjttjvjty ea tbmfermjs # `lh tbm hjkmlsjels ea tbm rmft liuc r reh `rm`lh # , Xbm hjmcmftrjf rmft`liuc`r reh js sbjmchmhdy kmt ccjf rmft liuc r iujhm ea hjkmlsjels `lh

    Aji, =, Hjspmrsjel furvms aer tbm M B `lh B M kehms ea ` sbjmchmhrmft`liuc`r hjmcmftrjf w`vmiujhm, Fekp`rjsel dmtwmml eur rmsucts "secjh cjlms*`lh tbm rmsucts edt`jlmh wjtb tbm ajljtm+hjaamrmlfm kmtbeh _4=[ "hets*,

    Aji, 1, Hjspmrsjel furvms aer tbm aulh`kmlt`c kehm ea ` rmft liuc r iujhmce`hmh wjtb ` fmltmrmh jlbekeimlmeus hjmcmftrjf sc`d# `s ` aulftjel ea tbmtbjfolmss7 "0* f ; ; > 7 = # "4* f ; ; > 7 4 # `lh "6* f ; ; > 7 0 , Fekp`rjseldmtwmml eur rmsucts "secjh cjlms* lh tbm rmsucts edt`jlmh wjtb tmfbljqum d`smhel ` v`rj`tjel`c aerkuc`tjel _1[ "hets*,

    , Elcy 4>>d`sjs aulftjels `rmlmfmss ryte edt jltbmajrst kehms, Xbm fekput`tjel tjkm rmqujrmh te edt`jl tbm rmsuctssbewl jl Aji, = js 04 s pmr armqumlfy pejlt el ` Fr`yErjijl4>>>k`fbjlm, Ym ajlh ` ieeh `irmmkmlt wjtb prmvjeus rmsucts,

    Ajl`ccy# wm w`lt te sbew bew eur kmtbeh f`l `cse dm `ppcjmhte `l`cyzm w`vmiujhms ce`hmh wjtb jlbekeimlmeus hjmcmftrjfsc`ds, Xbm ajatb mx`kpcm js rmft`liuc`r w`vmiujhm ce`hmh wjtb` fmltmrmh jlbekeimlmeus hjmcmftrjf sc`d, Xbm rmc`tjvm pmrkjt+tjvjty ea tbm jlbekeimlmeus sc`d hmpmlhs el tbm feerhjl`tmjl tbm aerk "smm Aji, 1*

    "44*

    wjtb `lh wbmrm tbm erjijl ea tbm +`xjs js `ttbm fmltmr ea tbm w`vmiujhm, Ym b`vm fekputmh tbm hjspmrsjelfurvms ea tbm aulh`kmlt`c kehm aer tbrmm hjaamrmlt v`cums ea

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  • 7/28/2019 Artculo sobre guas de onda inhomogneas

    7/8

    VJCQMVXTM mt `c,7 @L@CZVJV EA JLBEKEIMLME]VCZ AJCCMH Y@QMI]JHMV =:=

    # usjli 6>> `uxjcj`ry kehms, Jl Aji, 1# wm fekp`rm eur rm+sucts wjtb tbesm prmsmltmh jl _1[ usjli ` v`rj`tjel`c aerkuc`tjel,

    JQ, FELFC]VJELV

    Jl tbjs p`pmr# wm b`vm hmvmcepmh ` kmtbeh aer tbm `l`cysjsea jlbekeimlmeuscy ajccmh w`vmiujhms wjtb cessy hjmcmftrjfs,Elfm K`xwmccs mqu`tjels rm wrjttml jl tmrks ea tbm tr`lsvmrsmfekpelmlts ea tbm ajmchs ea iujhmh kehms# wm b`vm sbewl tb`ttbmy f`l dm rmwrjttml `s ` systmk ea mjimlv`cum mqu`tjels aer `lelsmca+ hgejlt epmr ter `lh jts `hgejlt `lh # rmspmftjvmcy,Xbm mjimlvmfters ea tbm systmk hmajlm djertbelerk`cd`sjs `lh`ccewte tr`lsaerktbm hjaamrmltj`c epmr`ter systmkjlte` cjlm`r k`trjx mjimlv`cum predcmk# usjli tbm mjimlvmfters ea `l`uxjcj`ry predcmk te mxp`lh tbm kehms ea tbm erjijl`c predcmk,

    Ym b`vm hmvmcepmh ` AETXT@L fehm te edt jl tbm keh c spmf+truk ea rmft`liuc`r w`vmiujhms ajccmh wjtb hjmcmftrjf sc`ds, Jlprjlfjpcm# eurpreir k f`lhm c wjtb `ly lukdmrea cessy hjmcmf+

    trjf sc`ds wjtb `rdjtr`ry sjzm `lh cef`tjel wjtbjl tbm rmft`liuc`rw`vmiujhm, Ym b`vm tmstmh jt dy fekp`rjsel wjtb tbmermtjf`c rm+sucts aeulh jl tbm tmfbljf`c cjtmr turm, Ym hmkelstr tm tb t jt f`ldm usmh te wero eut tbm keh`c spmftruk ea ` c`rim v`rjmty ea hj+mcmftrjf iujhms,

    Ajl`ccy# wm sbewmh tb`t eur kmtbeh f`l hm`c wjtb jlbekeim+lmeus hjmcmftrjfs, Aurtbmrkerm# eur kmtbeh f`l dm m`sjcy usmhte l`cyzm hjmcmftrjf rehs wjtb lelrmft`liuc`r fress smftjel lhjlbekeimlmeuscy k`ilmtjf+kmhj`+ajccmh w`vmiujhms,

    TMAMTMLFMV

    _0[ O, @, W`oj `lh @, M, @tj`# Kehms jl hjmcmftrjf+ce`hmh w`vmiujhms `lhrmsel`ters# JMMM Xr`ls, Kjfrew`vm Xbmery Xmfb,# vec, KXX+60# pp,0>6:0>8=# Hmf, 0:26,

    _4[ O, @, W`oj `lh F, Fbml# Jltmlsjty `lh hjstrjdutjel ea bydrjh+kehmajmchs jl hjmcmftrjf+ce`hmh w`vmiujhms# JMMM Xr`ls, Kjfrew`vm XbmeryXmfb,# vec, KXX+66# pp, 08840889# Hmf, 0:2=,

    _6[ B, @, T`ibmd# @, Vmd`o# `lh C, Vb`a j# Futeaa armqumlfjms ea fjrfuc`rw`vmiujhm ce`hmh wjtb mffmltrjf hjmcmftrjf fycjlhmr# ^ref, Jlst, Mcmft,

    Mli,# vec, 088# le, 0# pp, 904# Amd, 0::9,_8[ G, Vtrudm lh A, @rlht# Tjiureus bydrjh+kehm l`cysjs ea tbm tr`lsjtjel

    arek rmft`liuc`r w`vmiujhm te sbjmchmh hjmcmftrjf jk`im iujhm# JMMMXr`ls, Kjfrew`vm Xbmery Xmfb,# vec, KXX+66# pp, 6:08>0# K`y 0:2=,

    _=[ C, Eutja`# K, Hmckettm# `lh B, Guccjml# Hjmcmftrjf `lh imekmtrjf hm+pmlhmlfm ea mcmftrjf ajmch `lh pewmr hjstrjdutjel jl ` w`vmiujhm bmtmre+imlmeuscy ajccmh wjtb cessy hjmcmftrjfs# JMMM Xr`ls, Kjfrew`vm XbmeryXmfb,# vec, 8=# pp, 00=80010# @ui, 0::9,

    _1[ F,+F, Zu `lh X,+B, Fbu# @l`cysjs ea hjmcmftrjf+ce`hmh w`vmiujhm#JMMM Xr`ls, Kjfrew`vm Xbmery Xmfb,# vec, 62# pp, 06660662# Vmpt,0::>,

    _9[ D, K, @zjzur `lh G, D, H`vjms# ^ml`cty aulftjel jkprevmkmlt eaw`vmiujhm secutjel dy ajljtm mcmkmlts# JMMM Xr`ls, Kjfrew`vm XbmeryXmfb,# vec, KXX+64# pp, :44:42# @ui, 0:28,

    _2[ X, @lio mw# K, K`tsub`r`# `lh L, Ouk`i`j# Ajljtm+mcmkmlt `l`cysjsea w`vmiujhm kehms7 @ levmc `ppre`fb tb`tmcjkjl`tms spurjeuskehms#

    JMMM Xr`ls, Kjfrew`vm Xbmery Xmfb,# vec, KXX+6=# pp, 009046# Amd,0:29,

    _:[ K, Jsr`mc `lh T, Kjljewjtz# Bmrkjtj`l ajljtm+mcmkmlt kmtbeh aer jl+bekeimlmeus w`vmiujhms# JMMM Xr`ls, Kjfrew`vm Xbmery Xmfb,# vec,62# pp, 060:0649# Vmpt, 0::>,

    _0>[ C, Lue# G, Q, D`rd`strm# `lh B, F`st`# @l`cysjs ea imlmr`c cessy jl+bekeimlmeus ls ljsetrepjf w`vmiujhms dy tbm ajljtm+mcmkmlt kmtbeh"AMK* usjli mhim mcmkmlts#JMMM Xr`ls, Kjfrew`vm Xbmery Xmfb,# vec,8=# pp, 88188:# K`r, 0::9,

    _00[ @, V, Ek`r `lh O, A, Vfbulmk`ll# Vf`ttmrjli dy k`tmrj`c `lh fel+huftjli dehjms jlsjhm w`vmiujhms^`rt J7 Xbmermtjf`c aerkuc`tjels#

    JMMM Xr`ls, Kjfrew`vm Xbmery Xmfb,# vec, KXX+68# pp, 411494# Amd,0:21,

    _04[ # Fekpcmx `lh d`fow`rh+w`vm kehms jl jlbekeimlmeuscy `lh`ljsetrepjf`ccy ajccmhw`vmiujhm#JMMM Xr`ls, Kjfrew`vm Xbmery Xmfb,#vec, KXX+6=# pp, 41249=# K`r, 0:29,

    _06[ @, V, Ek`r# @, Gstjlikmjmr# F, Tjmfok`ll# `lh V, Ctimrt# @ppcjf`+tjel ea tbm IVH tmfbljqum te tbm `l`cysjs ea scet+feupcmh w`vmiujhms#

    JMMM Xr`ls, Kjfrew`vm Xbmery Xmfb,# vec, 84# pp, 406:4082# Lev,0::8,_08[ F, Tjmfok`ll# @, Gstjlikmjmr# `lh @, V, Ek`r# @ppcjf tjel ea

    tbm mjimlkehm tr`lsaerk`tjel tmfbljqum aer tbm `l`cysjs ea pc`l`rtr`lskjssjel cjlms# JMMM Xr`ls, Kjfrew`vm Xbmery Xmfb,# vec, 88# pp,489:4821# Hmf, 0::1,

    _0=[ F, Tjmfok`ll# @, V, Ek`r# `lh @, Gstjlikmjmr# ]ljajmh `l`cysjs eaqu`sj XMK `lh bjibmr erhmr kehms jl pc`l`r tr`lskjssjel cjlms# jl

    JMMM KXX+V Jlt, Kjfrew`vm Vykp, Hji,# vec, 6# 0::9# pp, 061:0694,_01[ X, Tezzj# C, ^jmr`ltelj# `lh K, A`rjl`# Mjimlv`cum `ppre`fb te tbm ma+

    ajfjmlt hmtmrkjl`tjel ea tbm bydrjh lh fekpcmx spmftruk ea jlbekeim+lmeus# fcesmh w`vmiujhm# JMMM Xr`ls, Kjfrew`vm Xbmery Xmfb,# vec,8=# le, 6# pp, 68=6=6# K`r, 0::9,

    _09[ W, Kml`fbmk `lh M, Gmrdy# Xr`lsamr k`trjx aulftjel "XKA* aer w`vmprep`i`tjel jl hjmcmftrjf w`vmiujhms wjtb `rdjtr`ry tr`lsvmrsm preajcms#

    JMMM Xr`ls, Kjfrew`vm Xbmery Xmfb,# vec, 81# pp, :9=:24# Gucy 0::2,_02[ M, Vjcvmstrm# K, Q, @lhrs# lh , @lhrs# Djertbelerk`c+d`sjs kmtbeh

    aer vmfter hmsfrjptjel ea eptjf`c+ajdmr kehms# G, Cjitbw`vm Xmfblec,#vec, 01# pp, :46:42# K`y 0::2,_0:[ @, Amrr`lhe#M, Vjcvmstrm# G, G, Kjrmt#^,@lhrs# `lhK, Q, @lhrs# Aucc+

    vmfter `l`cysjs ea ` rm`cjstjf pbeteljf fryst`c ajdmr# Ept, Cmtt,# vec, 48#le, =# pp, 491492# K`r, 0:::,

    _4>[ T, M, Feccjl# Ajmch Xbmery ea Iujhmh Y`vms# 4lh mh, Lmw Zero7 JMMM^rmss# 0::0,

    _40[ H, I, Huhcmy# K`tbmk`tjf`c Aeulh`tjels aer Mcmftrek`ilmtjf Xbmery#0st mh, ^jsf`t`w`y# LG7 JMMM ^rmss# 0::8,

    _44[ , K, Kersm `lh B, Amsbd`fb# Kmtbehs ea Xbmermtjf`c ^bysjfs# 0stmh, Lmw Zero7 KfIr`w+Bjcc# 0:=6,

    _46[ F, T, ^`jv` `lh @, K, D`rdes`# @ cjlm`r+epmr`ter aerk`cjsk aer tbm`l`cysjs ea jlbekeimlmeusdjjsetrepjf pc`l r w`vmiujhms#JMMM Xr`ls,

    Kjfrew`vm Xbmery Xmfb,# vec, 8># pp, 194192# @pr, 0::4,_48[ L, K`rfuvjtz# Y`vmiujhm B`lhdeeo, Vtmvml`im# ],O,7 ^mrmirjlus#

    0:21,_4=[ M, Vfbwmji `lh Y, D, Drjhims# Fekputmr `l`cysjs ea hjmcmftrjf

    w`vmiujhms7 @ ajljtm+hjaamrmlfm kmtbeh# JMMM Xr ls, Kjfrew`vmXbmery Xmfb,# vec, KXX+64# pp, =60=80# K`y 0:28,

    Mlrjqum Vjcvmstrm w`s derl jl Q`cmlfj`# Vp`jl# jl 0:14, Bm rmfmjvmh tbm Cjfml+fj`he hmirmm jl pbysjfs# tbm K`stmrs hmirmm jl tbmermtjf`c pbysjfs# tbm K`stmrshmirmm jl eptjfs# `lh tbm ^b,H, hmirmm jl eptjfs arek tbm ]ljvmrsjt`t hm Q`cmlfj`"]Q*# Q`cmlfj`# Vp`jl# jl 0:21# 0:2:# 0::9# `lh 0:::# rmspmftjvmcy,

    Vjlfm 0::9# bm b`s dmml `l @ssjst`lt ^reamsser jl tbm Hmp`rtkmlt ea Eptjfs#]Q, Bm js furrmltcy ` Qjsjtjli Vfjmltjst jl tbm Hmp`rtkmlt ea ^bysjfs# ]ljvmrsjtyea D`tb# D`tb# ],O, Bjsrmsm rfbjltmrmsts `rmjl tbm rm` ea keh c tmfbljqums aermcmftrek`ilmtjf+w`vm prep`i`tjel jl lelsykkmtrjf`c lh pmrjehjf strufturms,

    Kjiumc @limc @djl w`s derl jl Verj`# Vp`jl# elVmptmkdmr 41# 0:94, Bm rmfmjvmh tbm Cjfmlfj`he hm+irmm jl pbysjfs arektbm ]ljvmrsjh`hhm Q cmlfj`# Q +cmlfj`# Vp`jl# jl 0::=# `lh js furrmltcy werojli te+w`rhtbm ^b,H, hmirmm `t tbm]ljvmrsjh`hhm Q cmlfj`,

    Bm js furrmltcy wjtb tbm ]ljvmrsjh`h hm Q`cmlfj`,Bm js `cse jlvecvmh wjtb tbm Xmfbljf`c ]ljt aer^`fo`ijli# Xr`lspert `lh Mlvjrelkmlt ea @JHJK@"Jlstjtute Xmfleceijfe hmc Kumdcm y @ajlms*#^`tmrl # Vp jl, Bjs furrmlt rmsm`rfb jltmrmstsjlfcuhm fekputmr+`jhmh tmfbljqums aer `l`cysjs ea

    w`vmiujhm strufturms `lh pbeteljf fryst`cs,

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  • 7/28/2019 Artculo sobre guas de onda inhomogneas

    8/8

    =:1 JMMM XT@LV@FXJELV EL KJFTEY@QM XBMETZ @LH XMFBLJP]MV# QEC, 82# LE, 8# @^TJC 4>>>

    Dmljte Ijkmle w`s derl jl Q`cmlfj`# Vp`jl# el G`l+u`ry 4:# 0:18, Bm rmfmjvmh tbm Cjfmlfj`he hmirmm jlpbysjfs `lh tbm ^b,H, hmirmm arek tbm ]ljvmrsjh`hhm Q`cmlfj`# Q`cmlfj`# Vp`jl# jl 0:29 `lh 0::4# rm+spmftjvmcy,

    Arek 0:29 te 0::># bm w`s ` Amccew `t tbm ]ljvmr+sjh`h hm Q`cmlfj`, Arek 0::> te 0::1# bm w`s `l @s+sjst`lt ^reamsser jl tbm Hmp`rtkmlte hm Asjf` @pcj+f`h`# ]ljvmrsjh`h hm Q`cmlfj # lh dmf`km l @sse+

    fj`tm reamsser jl 0::9, Arek 0::8 te 0::=# bm w`s Tmsm`rfb Amccew wjtb tbm Murepm`l Vp`fm Tmsm`rfb`lh XmfbleceiyFmltrm "MVXMF*# Murepm`lVp`fm @imlfy, Bjs furrmlt rmsm rfbjltmrmsts jlfcuhm tbm `rm`s ea fekputmr+`jhmh tmfbljqums aer `l`cysjs ea kj+frew`vm p`ssjvm fekpelmlts# w`vmiujhm strufturms# lh pbeteljf fryst`cs,

    @cdmrt Amrr`lhe w`s derl jl Q`cmlfj`# Vp`jl# jl0:16, Bm rmfmjvmh tbm Cjfmlfj`he hmirmm# `lh tbmK,V,# `lh ^b,H hmirmm jl tbmermtjf`c pbysjfs arektbm ]ljvmrsjt`t hm Q`cmlfj` "]Q*# Q`cmlfj`# Vp`jl#jl 0:2=# 0:21# `lh 0::0# rmspmftjvmcy,

    Bjs rmsm`rfb wero w`s pmraerkmh `t ]Q# tbm]ljvmrsjh`h @utlek` hm K`hrjh# K`hrjh# Vp`jl#`s `l @ssjst`lt ^reamsser# tbm ]ljvmrsjty ea Dmrl#Dmrl# Vwjtzmrc`lh# `s ` ^est+Hefter`c Amccew# tbmLjmcs Debr Jlstjtutm ea Fepmlb`iml# Fepmlb`iml#Hmlk`ro# `lh tbm K`ss`fbusmtts Jlstjtutm ea Xmfb+

    leceiy# F`kdrjhim# s ` Qjsjtjli Vfjmltjst, Jl 0::1# bm gejlmh tbm Hmp`rt`kmltea Eptjfs# ]Q# wbmrm bm js furrmltcy `l @ssjst`lt ^reamsser, Bjs rmsm`rfbjltmrmsts `rm jl tbm `rm` ea mcmftrek`ilmtjf prep`i`tjel jl eptjf`c w`vmiujhms`lh ajdmr hmvjfms# `s wmcc `s jl lelcjlm`r `lh qu`ltuk maamfts jl eptjf`c ajdmrs,

    Kjiumc Q, @lhrs "K:0* w`s derl jl Q`cmlfj`#Vp jl# jl 0:=9, Bm rmfmjvmh tbm Cjfmlfj`he mlAsjf` `lh tbm Hefter ml Asjf` hmirmms arek tbm]ljvmrsjh`h hm Q`cmlfj` "]Q*# Q`cmlfj`# Vp`jl# jl0:9: `lh 0:2=# rmspmftjvmcy,

    Vjlfm 0:26# bm b`s smrvmh suffmssjvmcy `s `l @s+sjst`lt ^reamsser `lh Cmfturmr jl tbm Hmp`rt`kmltehm Asjf` @pcjf`h`# ]Q, Arek 0:28 te 0:29# bmw`s wjtb tbm Hmp`rtkmlt ea ^bysjfs# ]ljvmrsjty ea

    Vurrmy# ],O,# `s ` Qjsjtjli Tmsm`rfb Amccew, ]ltjc0:28# bm w`s mli`imh jl rmsm`rfb el kjfrew`vmsura`fm w`vmiujhms, Bjs furrmlt rmsm`rfb jltmrmsts `rm eptjf`c ajdmr hmvjfms`lh systmks aer sjil`c prefmssjli `lh smlser `ppcjf`tjels# `lh mcmftrek`i+lmtjf+w`vm prep`i`tjel jl kjfrew`vm lh eptjf`c w`vmiujhms lh hmvjfms,

    Hr, @lhrs js ` kmkdmr ea tbm Jlstjtutm ea ^bysjfs "JE^*,

    Qjfmltm M, Derj w`s derl jl Q cmlfj`# Vp`jl#el K`y 02# 0:9>, Bm rmfmjvmh tbm Jlimljmre hmXmcmfekuljf`fjl hmirmm "ajrst+fc`ss belers* `lhtbm Hefter Jlimljmre hm Xmcmfekuljf`fjl hmirmmarek tbm ]ljvmrsjh`h ^ecjtfljf` hm Q`cmlfj` "]Q*#Q`cmlfj`# Vp`jl# jl 0::6 `lh 0::9# rmspmftjvmcy,

    Jl 0::6# bm gejlmh tbm Hmp`rt`kmlte hm Fekuljf`+fjelms# ]Q# wbmrm bm w`s `l @ssjst`lt Cmfturmr arek0::6 te 0::=# ` Cmfturmr arek 0::1 te 0::9# `lh `l@ssefj tm^reamsser sjlfm 0::2, Jl 0::= `lh0::1# bmb`h ` Vp`ljsb Xr`jlmm pesjtjel `t MVXMF+MV@# Le+

    erhwjgo# XbmLmtbmrc`lhs# wbmrm bm w`s jlvecvmh jl tbm rm` ea mcmftrek`ilmtjf`l`cysjs lh hmsjil ea w`vmiujhm hmvjfms, Bjs furrmlt rmsm`rfb jltmrmsts jlfcuhmlukmrjf`c kmtbehs aer tbm `l`cysjs ea w`vmiujhm `lh sf`ttmrjli strufturms# `u+tek`tmh hmsjil ea w`vmiujhm fekpelmlts# r`hj`tjli systmks# lh km`surmkmlttmfbljqums,

    Hr, Derj` rmfmjvmh tbm Ajrst L`tjel`c ^rjzm ea Xmcmfekkuljf`tjel Mlij+lmmrjli Vtuhjms aer bjs eutst`lhjli stuhmlt rmferh jl 0::6 prmsmltmh dy tbmVp`ljsb Kjljstmrje hm Mhuf`fjl y Fjmlfj`,