tecnicas programacion

7/21/2019 Tecnicas Programacion

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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL FEDERICO VILLARREAL

ESCUELA UNIVERSITARIA DE POST GRADO

ASIGNATURA DE PROGRAMACIÓN Y CONTROL DEPROYECTOS DE INGENIERÍA

Ing. Walter Z!"ga D#a$

L"%a & Per

'TODOS Y T'CNICAS DE PROGRAMACIÓN

TECNICAS DE PLANIFICACIÓN

La( t)*n"*a( +e ,lan"-"*a*"n (e /*0,an +e e(tr0*t0rar la(tarea( a real"$ar +entr/ +el ,r/1e*t/2 +e-"n"en+/ la +0ra*"n1 el /r+en +e e3e*0*"n +e la( %"(%a(

La ,lan"-"*a*"n +e ,r/1e*t/( t"ene %0*4/ 50e 6er */n el*"*l/ +e 6"+a +e l/( ,r/1e*t/(.

Se t/%an +e*"("/ne( 50e +e-"nen *%/ (e 6a a +e(arr/llar el,r/1e*t/.

Pr/7le%a

• S"t0a*"n "n"*"al8 In-/r%a*"n 9 *a,"tal 9 e(t0+"/ +e %er*a+/.

• S"t0a*"n -"nal8 O73et"6/( a al*an$ar :,/r %eta(;

• Re(tr"**"/ne(8 T"e%,/2 *a,"tal2 e-"*"en*"a legal.

Re(/l6er ,r/7le%a( < Re(/l6er tarea( < Pr/*e(/( +e ,r/+0**"n.

De-"n"*"n +e ,r/7le%a

C/n30nt/ +e 4e*4/( / *"r*0n(tan*"a( 50e +"-"*0ltan la */n(e*0*"n +ealgn -"n / ,r/,("t/2 *01a (/l0*"n (e +e7en +ar ,/r %)t/+/( *"ent#-"*/(.

P/r l/ tant/2 el ,r/7le%a e%,"e$a a re(/l6er(e a(0%"en+/ 0na +e*"("n2 a,e(ar +e (er */%n 50e l/( *l"ente( n/ (e,an l/ 50e real%ente +e(ean.

A10+an en +e-"n"r +eter%"na+/ ,r/7le%a2 en l/( ,r/1e*t/(8

I+ent"-"*an+/ l/( 7ene-"*"ar"/( / 0(0ar"/( +el ,r/1e*t/. Anal"$ar l/( re50er"%"ent/( +el 0(0ar"/.

Real"$ar ,r/t/t",/(.

O7tener la +/*0%enta*"n */n e(,e*"-"*a*"/ne(.

Meta( 1 /73et"6/(

De-"n"+/ el ,r/7le%a "n%e+"ata%ente (e +e-"nen l/( /73et"6/(2 ("en+/ 0n// 6ar"/( l/( /73et"6/(.

E(ta7le*"+/( l/( /73et"6/( (e +e-"nen la( %eta(.

De(*/%,/("*"n +e la( tarea( :W/r= >rea=+/?n Str0*t0re @ E(tr0*t0ra+e De(*/%,/("*"n +el Tra7a3/;

. Pr/1e*t/.

B. E(,e*"-"*ar ne*e("+a+e(.

B.B E(t0+"ar la ("t0a*"n a*t0al.

B. A!a+"r n0e6a( *ara*ter#(t"*a(.

. Anal"$ar.

.B E(t0+"ar l/( ,r/*e(/(.

. E(t0+"ar +at/(.

. D"(e!ar a,l"*a*"n.

.B D"(e!/ ar50"te*tn"*/.

. D"(e!/ +e e(,e*"al"(ta(.

. E3e*0*"n.

.B C/n(tr0**"n +el ,r/+0*t/.

. Pr0e7a(.

.B Pr0e7a +e 0n"+a+e(.

. Pr0e7a +el ("(te%a.

La numeración facilita la localización de las tareas.

De-"n"*"n +el ,lan +e +e(arr/ll/8

• De(*/%,/("*"n +el ,r/1e*t/ en tarea(.

• De-"n"*"n +e l/( entrega7le(.

• Val/ra*"n +e la( tarea( / a*t"6"+a+e(.• Se*0en*"a*"n +e la( tarea( :en (er"e( lg"*a(;

• A("gna*"n +e l/( re*0r(/( 1 %ater"ale(.

• Re(/l6er */n-l"*t/(.

• Calen+ar"$a*"n +el ,r/1e*t/ :Gantt;

• E(ta7le*er */(te(.

• E(ta7le*er la +/*0%enta*"n +el ,r/1e*t/.

P0e(ta en %ar*4a +el ,r/1e*t/8

• Pre,ara*"n +e la "n-rae(tr0*t0ra ne*e(ar"a.

• P0e(ta en -0n*"/na%"ent/ +el e50",/.

• Fa%"l"ar"$a*"n */n l/( e(tn+are( +e tra7a3/.

• De-"n"*"n +e re(,/n(a7"l"+a+e(.

Fa(e ,r/+0*t"6a8

• Lle6ar a t)r%"n/ *a+a 0na +e la( tarea(.

• T/%ar %e+"+a( +e ren+"%"ent/.

• Manten"%"ent/ +e re0n"/ne( ,er"+"*a(.

• En *a(/ +e +e(6"a*"/ne(2 a(0%"r %e+"+a( +e */nt"ngen*"a.

• C//r+"na*"n +e tarea(.

• M/t"6a*"n +el e50",/ +el ,r/1e*t/.

Entrega7le(8

L/( entrega7le( (/n ,r/+0*t/( 50e (e entregan -#("*a%ente al *l"ente*/n l/( e(tn+are( +e *al"+a+ 1 a (at"(-a**"n +el *l"ente2 0na 6e$*/n*l0"+a la -a(e +e e3e*0*"n.

Relat"6/( a8

• Al /73et"6/• A la ge(t"n +el ,r/1e*t/ :Garant#a 1 l/( */rre(,/n+"ente(

,r/t/*/l/( +e ,r0e7a;

T'CNICAS DE PROGRAMACIÓN

• La( t)*n"*a( +e ,r/gra%a*"n tratan +e /r+enar la( a*t"6"+a+e( +e -/r%a50e (e ,0e+an "+ent"-"*ar la( rela*"/ne( te%,/rale( lg"*a( entre ella(2+eter%"nan+/ el *alen+ar"/ / l/( "n(tante( +e t"e%,/ en 50e +e7ereal"$ar(e *a+a 0na.

• La ,r/gra%a*"n */n("(te en -"3ar2 +e %/+/ a,r/H"%a+/2 l/( "n(tante( +e"n"*"/ 1 ter%"na*"n +e *a+a a*t"6"+a+. Alg0na( a*t"6"+a+e( ,0e+en tener4/lg0ra 1 /tra( (/n la( a*t"6"+a+e( *r#t"*a( :-"3a( en el t"e%,/;

• La ,r/gra%a*"n +e7e (er */4erente */n l/( /73et"6/( ,er(eg0"+/( 1

re(,etar la( re(tr"**"/ne( eH"(tente( :re*0r(/(2 */(te(2 *arga( +e tra7a3/2et*.;

PASOS8

• C/n(tr0"r 0n +"agra%a +e t"e%,/( :"n(tante( +e */%"en$/ 1 4/lg0ra +ela( a*t"6"+a+e(;.

• E(ta7le*er l/( t"e%,/( +e *a+a a*t"6"+a+.

• Anal"$ar l/( */(te( +el ,r/1e*t/ 1 a30(tar la( 4/lg0ra( :,r/1e*t/ +e */(te%#n"%/;.

Para */%en$ar la ,r/gra%a*"n2 (e 4a +e ,art"r +e l/( ("g0"ente( +at/(8

• D"agra%a +e re+ +el ,r/1e*t/ :PDM2 ADM2 ETC.;

• E(t"%a*"n +e +0ra*"n +e a*t"6"+a+e(.

• Re*0r(/( a("gna+/( a la( a*t"6"+a+e(.

• Calen+ar"/( +e re*0r(/( ,ara a*t"6"+a+e(.• L"%"ta*"/ne(2 */%/ -e*4a( -"3a(.

,ara re(0lta+/( / -a(e( +el ,r/1e*t/.

SECUENCIACIÓN DE TAREAS

Fin a comienzo (FC)

Comienzo a

comienzo (CC)

Fin a Fin (FF)

Comienzo a Fin

La tarea (B) no puede comenzar hastaque finalice la tarea (A)

La tarea (B) no puede comenzar hasta

que comience la tarea (A)

La tarea (B) no puede finalizar hasta

que finalice la tarea (A)

La tarea (B) no puede finalizar hasta

que comience la tarea (A)

ORGANIZACIÓN DEL PROYECTO

E(tr0*t0ra( W>SE(tr0*t0ra( W>S :W/r= >rea=+/?nStr0*t0re @ E(tr0*t0ra +e De(*/%,/("*"n +elTra7a3/;

Ge(t"n +el t"e%,/ +el ,r/1e*t/Ge(t"n +el t"e%,/ +el ,r/1e*t/

ESTRUCTURA DE DESCOMPOSICIÓN DELTRA>AO

• E( 0na +e(*/%,/("*"n 3err50"*a */n /r"enta*"n 4a*"a el entrega7le2

relat"6a al tra7a3/ 50e (er e3e*0ta+/ ,/r el e50",/ +el ,r/1e*t/ ,aral/grar l/( /73et"6/( +el ,r/1e*t/ 1 *rear l/( entrega7le( re50er"+/(.

• Organ"$a 1 +e-"ne el al*an*e t/tal +el ,r/1e*t/.

• Ca+a n"6el +e(*en+ente re,re(enta 0na +e-"n"*"n *a+a 6e$ %( +etalla+a+el tra7a3/ +el ,r/1e*t/.

• In*l01e entrega7le( "ntern/( 1 eHtern/(. N/r%al%ente (e re,re(enta en-/r%a +e +"agra%a.

• L/( C/%,/nente( +el n"6el %( 7a3/ +e la W>S (e +en/%"nan JPa50ete(+e Tra7a3/K.

• La W>S (e +e(arr/lla +0rante la Plan"-"*a*"n2 e(,e*#-"*a%ente en el

Pr/*e(/ 50e (e e(t0+"a la JGe(t"n +el Al*an*e +el Pr/1e*t/.

P r / * e ( / (

( " % , l e (

O , e r a * " / n e (

ESTRUCTURA DE DESCOMPOSICIÓN DEL

P r / * e + " % " e n t / (

GESTIÓN DEL TIEMPO DEL PROYECTO

B. Plan +e Ge(t"n +el Cr/n/gra%a.& Deter%"na el -/r%at/ 1 e(ta7le*e l/(*r"ter"/( ,ara +e(arr/llar 1 */ntr/lar el *r/n/gra%a +el ,r/1e*t/.

. De-"n"*"n +e la( A*t"6"+a+e(.& I+ent"-"*a l/( entrega7le(.

. E(ta7le*"%"ent/ +e la Se*0en*"a +e la( A*t"6"+a+e(.& Or+ena+a( +e -/r%a

lg"*a */n rela*"/ne( +e ,re*e+en*"a2 a+elant/( 1 atra(/(.

. E(t"%a*"n +e Re*0r(/( +e la( A*t"6"+a+e(.& >a(a+/ en 4erra%"enta( 1t)*n"*a(.

. E(t"%a*"n +e la D0ra*"n +e la( A*t"6"+a+e(.& Pre6"a "n-/r%a*"n +elal*an*e +el tra7a3/.

. De(arr/ll/ +el Cr/n/gra%a.& A*t"6"+a+ ,er%anente 0na 6e$ */%en$a+/ el,r/1e*t/.

. C/ntr/l +el Cr/n/gra%a.& Ta%7")n */n 4erra%"enta( 1 t)*n"*a(.

D"agra%a +e Gantt• El +"agra%a +e Gantt e( 0n +"agra%a( +e 7arra( +e(arr/lla+/( ,/r

enr1 Gantt +0rante la I G0erra M0n+"al ,ara la ,r/gra%a*"n +elar(enal Fran=-/r+. En )l (e %0e(tran la( -e*4a( +e */%"en$/ 1-"nal"$a*"n +e la( a*t"6"+a+e( 1 la( +0ra*"/ne( e(t"%a+a(2 ,er/ n/

a,are*en +e,en+en*"a(.

A*t. A

A*t. >

A*t. C

A*t. D

El grosor indica los recursos necesarios

La trama indica la tarea realizada

0n 0l Ag/ Set O*t N/6 D"*

GESTIÓN DEL TIEMPO DEL PROYECTO

LOS GRFICOS GANTTLOS GRFICOS GANTT

Tiempo$ % & ' * +

ActividadesCorte $ Corte %

M'TODO DIAGRAMA DE GANTT

B. Ar%a+0ra :EEV;

. En*/-ra+/ :EEV;

. C/n*ret/ :EEV;

. De(en*/-ra+/ :EEV;

. En*/-ra+/ :EE;

. Ar%a+0ra :EE;

. C/n*ret/ :EE;

. De(en*/-ra+/ :EE;

Q. De(en*/-ra+/ -/n+/ 6"ga :EE;

E(tr0*t0ra +el ele%ent/ 6ert"*al :EEV; 1 E(tr0*t0ra +el Ele%ent//r"$/ntal :EE; +el ,r/1e*t/

% , / t e * n / l . g " * /

T " e %

, / t e * n / l . g " * /

T " e % , / t e * n / l .

g " * /

Rela*"/ne( +e ,re*e+en*"a */n tra(la,e en el t"e%,/.

In"*"/ < In"*"/

F"n < In"*"/

In"*"/ < F"n

FF F"n < F"n

& In"*"/ < In"*"/

,, F#& F"nal <In"*"/

& F"n < In"*"/

E3e%,l/ B8 Se +"(,/nen +e +/( a*t"6"+a+e( :2 Y; ,ara l/ *0al (e 4ane(t"%a+/ (0( +0ra*"/ne( en 4/ra( 1 B 4/ra(2 re(,e*t"6a%ente. A+e%(la a*t"6"+a+ t"ene 0n a6an*e +el . Cal*0lar la rela*"n F<I:F"n<In"*"/;

S/l0*"n8

F"n<F"n

%-horas/-.%-0$horas

($horas)

F"n<In"*"/ FF9tY B 9 B B 4/ra(

E3e%,l/ 8 Se t"enen la( a*t"6"+a+e( :A2 >2 C 1 D; ,ara l/ *0al (e 4an

e(t"%a+/ (0( +0ra*"/ne( re(,e*t"6a( 1 l/( */rte( +e t"e%,/. Cal*0lar8 a; La+0ra*"n 4a(ta D 7; La +0ra*"n +e(+e A 4a(ta D *; El a6an*e +e(+e A4a(ta el */rte B +e la a*t"6"+a+ C +; El a6an*e +e(+e la a*t"6"+a+ > 4a(ta el*/rte +e la a*t"6"+a+ D.

C/rte B

S/l0*"n8

C/rte B

IA<ID &B99&BtA

IA<FD &B99B9Q

IA<C/rte BC &B99&B

I><D B&9&9:QX.;B.

E3er*"*"/ 8

Del ("g0"ente Plan +e Tra7a3/2 *al*0lar l/( ,re*"/( ,ara *a+a r07r/ 1 la*alen+ar"$a*"n +e la e3e*0*"n +el ,r/1e*t/ ,ara 0n t/tal +e B(e%ana(2 ("en+/ el %/nt/ t/tal +e la "n6er("n e50"6alente a 2B.0n"+a+e( %/netar"a(. Cal*0lar ta%7")n l/( ,/r*enta3e( (e%anale(2 l/(

,/r*enta3e( a*0%0la+/(2 l/( %/nt/( (e%anale( 1 l/( %/nt/(a*0%0la+/(.

Cal*0lar8

a. El ,/r*enta3e +e a6an*e (e%anal.7. L/( ,/r*enta3e( (e%anale( ,ara t/+/( l/( r07r/(.

*. L/( ,/r*enta3e( a*0%0la+/(.

+. L/( %/nt/( (e%anale(.

e. L/( %/nt/( a*0%0la+/(.

-. D"703ar la *0r6a +e "n6er("n :*/n e50"l"7r"/ -"nan*"er/;

g. L/( %/nt/( a*0%0la+/( en el */rte B */rre(,/n+"ente a la-"nal"$a*"n +e la ta. Se%ana.

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