unidad libre 3

8/12/2019 Unidad Libre 3

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Inglés II UPIBI-IPN

Lic. Rosario L. de Guevara Araiza





READING 1. A. Read the text and choose the correct answer.

A RAINBOW ON YOUR PLATE.

Nowadays, we are all 0) ______ of the fact we 1) ______ be eating a healthy diet. We getadvice from 2) ____; TV, radio, magazines, books, videos and the Internet as well 3) ____ friends, colleagues and family. Well, if you find all this advice a little confusing, thenthere is now a much simpler solution, dieting by color.

The color Diet is 4) ____ on the theory that the natural color of food reflects 5) ____ nutritional content. For example green foods 6) ____ as broccoli, spinach and lettuce 7) ____ high levels of beta-carotene and glucose. These help reduce the risk of cancer, are agood source of iron and act as powerful antioxidants, while yellow foods like bananas,corn and lemons have potassium and vitamin C which can reduce the pain of arthritis,

reduce stress and be a good source 8) ______ energy.The principles of the color diet are very easy to follow. Make sure that each meal containsa 9) ____ of colors and you will be eating a balanced, healthy died. But remember, thecolors have to be natural. Eating a packet of Smartest a day will not give you anything 10) ____ toothache.

0. A. known B. unsure C. aware D. sure1. A. will B. should C. ought D. need2. A. anywhere B. everywhere. C. somewhere D. elsewhere.

3. A. as B. by C. from D. to4. A. fixed B. written C. based D. formed5. A. its B. his C. her D. their 6. A. like B. such C. similar D. including7. A. contain B. own C. need D. add8. A. in B. to C. for D. of 9. A. pattern B. minimum C. blend D. variety10. A. from B. except C. apart D. but

B. Now think about the most colorful meal you can prepare. Write about it without revealing what it is

called.

________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________.





READING 2.

A. Read the article on veganism and underline the correct linking word (s) in bold.

VEGAN LIVING.

A large number of people do not eat meat. Vegans have taken his a step further by refusing toconsume or use anything that comes from animals. This means, that not only do they not eatmeat, but they do not eat fish, poultry or dairy products either. So why have vegans adopted thisway of life?

1. Although / because a vegan diet may be strict, there are certain advantages to be gained. 2.For example / Firstly , because a vegan died is low in fat and cholesterol, the risk of heartdiseases is reduced. 3. Secondly / To sum up , there is less pressure on farmers to keep animalsunder cruel conditions to produce milk, eggs and poultry.

4. On the other hand / What is more, humans are natural meat eaters and some essential

ingredients in our diet can only come from animal products. For example, we cannot get enoughvitamin B12 from plants, so vegans have to take this vitamin, made from yeast, as a supplement totheir diet. 5. For example / Moreover , the humans digestive system cannot digest certain plantproteins, and this can lead to stomach problems.

6. Despite / Although there are some disadvantages to adopting such a strict diet, I fee thatoverall, it is a healthier way of life. 7. Even though / Furthermore , it is cruel to kill animals for foodand if everybody adopted a vegan diet, our whole outlook on life would change for the better.

B. About the article you read write three pros and three cons you find about veganism. (giving justifications)

Pros. Justifications.A. _________________________________. _________________________________________.B. _________________________________. _________________________________________.C. _________________________________. _________________________________________.

Cons. Justifications.

1. _________________________________. _________________________________________.2. _________________________________. _________________________________________.3. _________________________________. _________________________________________.





READING 3.

A. Read the article and for questions 1-5 choose the best answer A, B, C or D.

FUTURE FORESTS.

Bill Morell is the founder of Future Forests, an organization that deals with the complex environmental

problem of global warming. His solution to saving our planet is quite simple. It involves planting trees around

the world to help absorb the carbon dioxide that is being created. The average U.S. or UK citizen has a

lifestyle that annually produces 11 tons of CO2. Future Forest plants trees for 3 pounds each and aims to

give people the power to repair the damage that they’ve caused to the environment. Trees naturally absorb

CO2 and, in its place produce oxygen. Future Forests helps us to understand the damage we are going to the

environment by explaining it in simple, basic, terms. For example, it takes five trees to absorb the CO2

emissions produced in one year by one car. Six trees will neutralize all of the CO2 release by a refrigerator over its lifetime, while it takes four trees to absorb the CO2 produced by using a washing machine for six

years. As people see the connection between planting a tree and CO2 absorption, it makes them more aware

of the direct role they are plying in polluting the environment, while showing them how they can help repair

the damage.

Future Forests has attracted support from actor artist, businesses, governments and more than 10,000

ordinary citizens around the world. The foundation has planted over 148,000 trees in 55 forests sites in India,

Mexico and UK. Recycling the world’s air is no easy task. Morell explains that the members of Future

Forests are aware that they are entering a long-term commitment to the environment, and that we can all do

our part to save our planet one tree at a time.

1. What is the article about? A. Bill Morell’s life.B. Recycling.C. Planning trees to save the planet.D. Deforestation.

2. What is Future Forests’ goal? A. To create forest for people.B. To create CO2C. To help people participate in preserving the environment.D. To collect money to save our forest.

3. Which is true? A. Future Forests is only supported by celebrities.B. Trees can replace CO2 with oxygen.C. Damage to atmosphere is permanent.D. Average citizens are not responsible for air pollution.

4. If you plant six trees, you absorb the CO2 emissions produced by using A. your car for twenty years.B. your refrigerator for its lifetime





READING 4

A. Read the article about GM foods. For questions 1-5 choose the best answer.

A CHANGE FOR THE BETT ER?

Can you imagine a day when you will be able to buy a tomato the size of a grapefruit or a strawberry the sizeof a tennis ball? Believe it or not, that day is much closer than you may think. Nowadays, with so muchresearch being done on Genetically Modified foods, or GM foods, it’s very possible that in the very near future our whole way of eating will change.

Research and development into GEM foods is not merely concerned with increasing the size of food products. It is also aimed at producing foods which will help fight disease, be resistant to insects and parasites, and boost the medicinal qualities already found in fruits and vegetables. In the US, for example, potatoes have been modified in such a way that they now contain a protein from the Hepatitis B virus. The protein itself is harmless, but it helps the immune system recognize the virus as soon as it enters the body. Inthis way the body can begin fighting the disease before it has had a chance to establish itself. Similar searchis being conducted on bananas in the fight against cholera.

Some developments have already had very successful result. For instance, it has been found that by usingmodified crops as animal feed, the animals are not only healthier, but are far better protected against deadly

parasites. Other GM foods help people fight disease and live longer. There is a margarine made fromgenetically modified corn which helps reduce the risk of heart attack by lowering cholesterol in the blood.Researchers say that very soon they will have developed a potato which requires very little oil during fryingand an onion which will help stop the blood from clotting. People who are at risk from heart attacks will

benefit from both these developments.

If the advantages of GM foods are so obvious, why is it that so many people in the West, especially inEurope, object to the idea of GM foods? Could it be that many people feel that nature is being interfered with

and believe it is harmful to do so? Or, could it simply be fear? Many people think that GM foods have beeninsufficiently tested and are unwilling to put their faith in them until evidence shows that they present nohealth risk.

It must be said, however, that the majority of those who are against GM foods are neither living in countrieswhich suffer form food shortages, not facing starvation. Many scientists believe that without GM foods, theThird World will never overcome its food problems. At present, over one billion people live on less than onedollar a day. The United Nations hopes that within the next fifteen years this number will be cut in half. Theyknow, however, that this will not happen if food continues to be produced in the conventional manner. Foods

produced by traditional farming methods to do not last very long and often spoil during transport. Many times,foods sent by the West to countries suffering from famine, rots before it reaches its destination. Now,

scientists have found ways to preserve foods for much longer. For example, they have developed a preservative made from vitamins and minerals which can keep even cut fruit fresh for up to ten days if refrigerated.

Despite this, there are still people that believe agricultural research should be moving in a real proof that GMfoods re dangerous. However, they believe that the solutions that GM foods provide are shot-term and that itis necessary to find longer-lasting and natural means to solve the world’s food problems.

It is well-known that people are resistant to change. It may sound silly now, but in the nineteenth century itwas believed that tomatoes were poisonous and in New York people were not allowed to eat them. When aman named Dolonel Robert Johnson announced he was going to eat a whole bag of them, two thousand

people came to watch what they thought would be this certain death. As we know, Johnson proved themwrong and we now enjoy tomatoes as a delicious part of our diet. Perhaps the same will happen with the





negative opinions about GM foods and they too will come to be accepted, even by those who are so activelycampaigning against them.





1. Scientist hope GM foods will:

a. cure illnesses.b. destroy parasites.c. help fight disease.d. be a source of animal feed.

2. Some people are not in favor of GM foods because they:

a. aren’t naturalb. require more cooking time.c. spoil quickly.d. create food shortages.

3. The majority of people who do not agree with GM foods.

a. live in poor countries.b. have plenty of food.c. are starving.d. have food problems.

4. Foods produced in the traditional way:

a. could offer a solution to food shortages.b. go bad too quickly.c. are cheaper than GM foods.d. contain additives.

5. The writer believes that in the future:

a. people will have a delicious new diet.b. people will be allowed to eat GM foods.c. people may change their minds about GM foods.d. More people will campaign against GM foods.

B. Write all he foods you eat during one day, then say which ones are healthy and which ones not.

C. Then design and write a healthy eating plan for one week. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________.





READING 5

A. Read the article and choose a sentence from the next list which best fits each paragraph (1-6).There is one extra sentence you do not need to use.

A. It grows to one meter in length and has a wing span of nearly 120 cm.B. As far back as 1988, a Hyacinth macaw was highly sought after by collectors and would sell

for between 3,400 and 6,800 pounds.C. So, what can you do to ensure that these beautiful birds don’t disappear forever?D. It is illegal to own a captive Lear’s macaw.E. Even today we can see their exotic, colorful feathers reproduced in ancient tapestries at the

Gold Museum, in Lima.F. Its main source of food is a type of palm nut.G. These programmes include efforts to restrict the activities of hunters by imposing heavy

fines and even prison sentences.H. Today, there are sixteen known species in the world, and at lest nine of these are in danger

of extinction

BIRDS IN DANGER.

Even if you have never been to Central or South America, you are sure to have beautifully plumed members of theparrot family. These magnificent birds have been admired for centuries 0. _E_ . The first macaw to be seen in Europewas brought back by Christopher Columbus, and it attracted more attention than the other treasures he brought withhim!

There are eighteen recognized species of macaw, but two of these have become extinct in the last hundred an fiftyyears. 1. ____. Macaws range in size from little larger than a sparrow to about one meter in length. People admirethem or their beauty, intelligence and abili ty to mimic speech. Their heavy bills and long tails, which often exceed their body length, make them unique am ong parrots.

The Hyacinth macaw is the largest of the macaws. 2. _____ The brilliant blue of its feathers is broken only by a richgolden ring around its eyes. Today, the Hyacinth mac aw can only be found in three areas. They live in holes in trees inthe tropical rainforest and swamps of Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay. The Hyacinth macaw eats a variety of seeds, nuts,fruits and vegetables. T oday, this species is threatened by the loss of its habitat and hunting.

Of all the macaws, the Indigo macaw, or Lear’s macaw is probably the most endangered. There are only 130 birdsleft. This macaw is found only in Bahia, Brazil. It is a large bird, about 75 cm from the tip of its bill to the end of its tail. Itis deep blue in c olor with yellow markings around the eyes.

3._____ One of the problems this bird faces I the shortage of these nuts because of deforestation and the regular drought that parch the area.

Apart from habi tat loss, m ostly due to deforestation, macaws are endangered by illegal hunting for food and feathersas well as the multi-billion pound pet trade. 4. _____ The rarity of Lear’s macaws makes them even more expensive.This trade is probably its biggest threat.





Luckily, it is not all bad new for the macaw. In recent years, there have been a number of programmes aimed atincreasing the numbers of macaws found in the wild. 5 ____ There are also attempts to protect the feeding andbreeding areas of these beautiful birds. Let’s hope these and other schemes will be successful.

6. ___ First of all, you can make sure that, if you dec ide to have a macaw as a pet, it is one of those that are not under the threat of extinction. There are still plenty to choose from, such as the red-shouldered macaw and the blue-headedmac aw. You can also make sure you don’t buy any products or souvenirs make from macaw leathers. Finally, you canmake a contribution to one of the many wildlife conservation funds that are working to preserve and protect theseunique tropical birds. We must all help save this species. After all, as L. Ron Hubbard said, “a person is either theeffect of his environment or is able to have an effect on his environment.”





READING 7

A. Read the text and put a tick ( ), if the line is correct. If the line has a word that should not bethere, write it as in the example.

FINDING OUT THE HARD WAY.

More than 80% of the Earth’s forests have been

destroyed – by the man. However, at last, we are

beginning to understand that they key role which

forests play in keeping us alive. To protecting out

forests is important for many of reason. To start with

plants produce oxygen and remove carbon dioxide

from the air. Deforestation increases in the amount of

carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Unfortunately,carbon dioxide is one of the greenhouse gases that

absorb the neat from the sun. So on, more carbon

Dioxide means that more than heat is absorbed and

Reflected on the Earth’s surface, leading to global

Warming. But this is not at all. The plants and animals

Of the forests also provide us with food, fuel, shelter

And medicines! At least we are now realizing how

Many important it is to protect and save our forest. I

Just hope it’s not too late!

0.

00.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

________.

the

________.

________.

________.

________.

________.

________. ________.

________.

________.

________.

________.

________.

________.

________.

________.

B. Complete the second sentence using the word in bold. You can use two to five words includingthe word in bold. Do not change the word given.

1. The beach is not crowded today.

Many There ______________________________ on the beach today.

2. Tim couldn’t afford to go on such a trip.

Expensive The holiday _____________________________ to go on.

3. All our suitcases will not fit in this car.

Big This car is ______________________________ all our suitcases.

4. He didn’t take my phone number.

Without He left _________________________________ phone number.

5. Why don’t you join a recycling scheme?

Thought Have __________________________________ a recycling scheme?

6. There isn’t a better hotel in the area than this one.Best This is __________________________________ in the area.





READING 8.

A. Read the article about traditional fo lk medicine and choose the most suitable heading from the list (A-H) for each part (1-6). There is one extra heading you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning. (0)

A. Health Care Products.B. Healing around the World.C. A Mixture of Ancient and Modern.D. The Future of Traditional Medicine.E. Keeping the Traditions Alive.F. North America Healers.G. Traditional Medicine Preferred.H. The First Healers.

TRADITIONAL FOLK MEDICINE.

0 HLong before modern medicine came along, people relied on traditional healing methods to protect and restoretheir health. These methods consisted largely of the use of various herbs and other naturally occurring

products. Some serious illnesses were thought to be caused by evil spirits, so the treatment used by traditionalhealers were often a mixture of spiritual remedies as well as more practical herbal mixtures Althoughtraditional folk healers can still be found in most cultures of the world, nowadays the majority of people prefer to rely on modern medial treatment.

1Folk medicine and beliefs differ from culture to culture and reflect the history and traditions of each culture.All these practices, however, have one thing in common; they are passed on from generation to generation byword of mouth and imitation and represent a system of practices rather than a collection of unrelatedremedies.

2The curanderos are folk healers who have been providing years. They are a highly respected group and arefrequently called upon for their services, particularly in Northern Mexico, where there are few doctor. Their ability to heal is regarded as special gift, so they do not charge a fee for their services, although they willaccept small gifts. This is one reason why they are so highly valued; many rural Mexicans cannot afford to

pay a conventional doctor for treatment.

3Modern medical practitioners have largely replaced folk medicine in many parts of the world, but in Mexico itcontinues to flourish. Even in urban areas such as San Antonio there are a number of curanderos. Many of these have extensive knowledge of the healing properties of plants and can deal with all types of illnesses.Researchers have discovered that many Mexican Americans will consult a curandero first before tryingconventional medicine.

4Mexico, however, is not unique in its preservation of such ancient medical practices. The World HealthOrganization (WHO) has estimated that traditional midwives assist in up to 95 per cent of real births in thedeveloping world and 70 per cent of urban births. Traditional healing methods are still an important part of

primary health care in many Asian countries. China’s sophisticated system of health care is based on age-oldherbal remedies and acupuncture, while Japan has the highest level of consumption of traditional herbal

medicine in the world.

5





Many modern doctors have shown interest in traditional remedies. At the same time, curanderos and other traditional healers are beginning to accept and use modern medical technology. Over the last ten years, therehas been a growth of interest in alternative remedies in developed countries. The majority of the population of Great Britain for example, believes that traditional and herbal remedies should be available via the NationalHealth Service. Many modern doctors share this belief and increasingly use a combination of traditional folk remedies and conventional medicines.

6This “marriage” between the conventional and traditional is not a new idea. Medical plants are the oldestknown health care products and many of today’s modern medical remedies are plant base. Local people whohad the knowledge to administer them have used many of them for centuries. A good example is aspirin,which is naturally found in willow bark, and used by Native American people to cure headaches. More curesmight be developed from simple remedies that have been available for generations. One day perhaps we willall keep a selection of both conventional and fold medicines in our homes

B. Collect herbs or remedies which you/your parents use. Present them to the class and explain how they areused.





READING 9

A. Read the text and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each space. There is an example at thebeginning (0).

DESERT HOT SPRINGS.

Desert Hot Springs is a city near Palm Springs in California. It is 0) _situated_ on a part of the famousSan Andreas Fault line and is the 1) ________ of the natural hot springs 2) _________ give the city itsname and it water. The water is famous for its therapeutic 3) __________ and some people have gone so4) _________ as to call it “The Miracle Waters.” There are over forty health spas in the city which offera variety of health and beauty therapies.

The water originates 5) ________ the ice caps of the surrounding mountains travels slowly down themountain 6) ________ miles of sand and rock and along the way it becomes 7) ________ with minerals.The water that passes over the fault line is heated and is 8) __________ to treat many ailments includingarthritis and to 9) _________ aching muscles. It is also believed to be very 10) _________ for the skin.

The water that passes through the Mission Creek Sub-basin, south of the fault, is cold and is used as thecity’s drinking water. This water has 11) ________ may awards for its great taste and is 12)

__________ to be the best untreated I has both naturally hot and cold waters. 14) _________ of this,the city has created an educational facility called Hot Springs Park that offers people the chance to see15) hand how the city receives its water.

0. A. placed B. situated C. found D. set1. A. start B. foundation C. basis D. source2. A. which B. where C. whose D. who3. A. properties B. profits C. pros D. benefits4. A. much B. far C. long D. that

5. A. from B. of C. to D. for6. A. through B. between C. along D. under7. A. thick B. filled C. enriched D. full8. A. operated B. used C. applied D. helped9. A. reduce B. comfort C. relax D. ease10. A. good B. well C. perfect D. positive11. A. given B. earned C. gained D. won12 A. understood B. told C. said D. stated13. A. unique B. only C. solo D. alone14. A. Due B. Because C. Since D. Despite15. A. own B. one C. first D. lead

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