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“DESARROLLO POSTNATAL DE LA MARCHA DE RATAS DESNUTRIDAS Y REALIMENTADAS PERINATALMENTE.” R. Monroy a y I. Jiménez b a. Biología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Av. De los Barrios No. 1, Col. Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla estado de México. [email protected] b. Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, CINVESTAV, Av. IPN 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Delegación Gustavo A. Madero. México DF, CP 07360. [email protected] RESUMEN En la literatura especializada se ha enfatizado en el estudio de las alteraciones ocasionadas por la desnutrición sobre el Sistema Nervioso Central de los mamíferos en desarrollo. Sin embargo, existen pocos estudios orientados a establecer los efectos que ejerce la desnutrición perinatal sobre conductas motoras complejas como la marcha, en la cual además del Sistema Nervioso participa el Sistema músculo- esquelético. De igual manera, no existen evidencias experimentales que determinen los efectos que produce la rehabilitación alimenticia en las posibles alteraciones de la marcha de los animales desnutridos durante el desarrollo. En el presente estudio se realizó un análisis cinemático simple de la marcha sin restricciones de tres grupos de ratas, sometidos a diferentes tratamientos alimenticios (control, desnutrido y realimentado), durante su desarrollo postnatal. Nuestros resultados muestran que la desnutrición perinatal afecta en mayor proporción la longitud de las zancadas y el desplazamiento de la cadera que la duración de las fases de flexión y extensión de las mismas zancadas. En cuanto a la rehabilitación alimenticia postnatal (posterior al destete) de

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DESARROLLO POSTNATAL DE LA MARCHA DE RATAS DESNUTRIDAS Y

DESARROLLO POSTNATAL DE LA MARCHA DE RATAS DESNUTRIDAS Y

REALIMENTADAS PERINATALMENTE.

R. Monroya y I. Jimnez ba. Biologa, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Av. De los Barrios No. 1, Col. Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla estado de Mxico. [email protected]. Departamento de Fisiologa, Biofsica y Neurociencias, CINVESTAV, Av. IPN 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Delegacin Gustavo A. Madero. Mxico DF, CP 07360. [email protected]

En la literatura especializada se ha enfatizado en el estudio de las alteraciones ocasionadas por la desnutricin sobre el Sistema Nervioso Central de los mamferos en desarrollo. Sin embargo, existen pocos estudios orientados a establecer los efectos que ejerce la desnutricin perinatal sobre conductas motoras complejas como la marcha, en la cual adems del Sistema Nervioso participa el Sistema msculo- esqueltico. De igual manera, no existen evidencias experimentales que determinen los efectos que produce la rehabilitacin alimenticia en las posibles alteraciones de la marcha de los animales desnutridos durante el desarrollo. En el presente estudio se realiz un anlisis cinemtico simple de la marcha sin restricciones de tres grupos de ratas, sometidos a diferentes tratamientos alimenticios (control, desnutrido y realimentado), durante su desarrollo postnatal. Nuestros resultados muestran que la desnutricin perinatal afecta en mayor proporcin la longitud de las zancadas y el desplazamiento de la cadera que la duracin de las fases de flexin y extensin de las mismas zancadas. En cuanto a la rehabilitacin alimenticia postnatal (posterior al destete) de animales desnutridos perinatalmente, se observ la recuperacin de las principales caractersticas cinemticas de la marcha durante el desarrollo postnatal de la rata.

1. INTRODUCCIN

La Locomocin es la capacidad que tienen los individuos para desplazarse de un lugar a otro. Aunque existen diversas formas de locomocin (natacin, vuelo, salto, carrera, ambulacin o caminata, entre otras) una caracterstica comn a todas es la generacin de movimientos rtmicos alternantes de las extremidades y el cuerpo. El anlisis de la locomocin se origin en 1872, cuando Edward Muybridge desarrollo un sistema elctrico que disparaba en secuencia un grupo de cmaras fotogrficas en serie, a lo largo del galope de un caballo. As Muybridge demostr que los caballos al galopar levantan sincrnicamente las cuatro patas del suelo. Sin embargo, la investigacin actual sobre la locomocin en mamferos inici en los 60`s, cuando se determin que el ritmo bsico de la locomocin se genera por la activacin de redes neuronales, denominadas circuitos generadores de movimiento, localizadas en el encfalo y la mdula espinal. Tales generadores provocan la excitacin sincronizada y secuenciada de msculos extensores y flexores de cada articulacin de las extremidades de los animales, permitiendo la locomocin (Grillner, 1975, 1981; Kandell y cols. 1991). En 1905 Philipson determin y evalu mediante un anlisis cinematogrfico, los movimientos locomotores y ngulos de las articulaciones de las extremidades de los animales cuadrpedos. Entonces dividi en dos fases la ejecucin de las zancadas: BALANCEO (Oscilacin o vuelo de la extremidad) y SOPORTE (Apoyo del peso corporal) (Grillner, 1975). Luego cada una de estas fases se subdivide en subfases: El Balanceo se caracteriza por al activacin secuenciada de msculo flexores (Subfase F) y extensores (subfase E1), mientras la fase de Soporte se divide en dos etapas extensoras, una de soporte del peso corporal (E2) y la otra de propulsin o traslacin (E3) (figura 1).

Fig. 1 Fases de la marcha en la rata. Pata trasera izquierda A-D e I. Fase de soporte, que se subdivide en fase de extensin E2 (B) y E3 (D), E-H. Fase de balanceo que se subdivide en: fase de flexin inicio del balanceo (E y F) y fase de extensin de transferencia (E1).

El desarrollo de una conducta locomotora coordinada y secuenciada depende en gran medida de la maduracin de los sistemas nervioso (central y perifrico) y muscular de los animales (Fentress, 1984). La rata es un animal que nace en relativa inmadurez por lo que despus del nacimiento se echan a andar una enorme variedad de procesos celulares, los cuales provocan la activacin de numerosos mecanismos neurobiolgicos, que se relacionan con los cambios de la conducta motora de los animales (Salas y cols., 2002). El desempeo locomotor de la rata durante edades tempranas (antes de los 21 das de edad) se caracteriza por ser lenta, torpe y va incrementndose gradualmente conforme se desarrolla, pues antes de los 5 das postnatales, la cra de la rata se desplaza en una sola dimensin (hacia un lado) pues a penas comienza a coordinar sus miembros anteriores; despus de los 5 das pasa a un desplazamiento bidimensional (lateral y al frente); entre los 11 y 14 das ya realizan movimientos en tres dimensiones (lateral, hacia delante y vertical), utilizan las cuatro extremidades y presentan mayor coordinacin entre s. Alrededor de los 14 y 15 das de edad postnatal, la cra ya ha incrementado el nmero de pasos y deambula como un animal adulto (Altman y col., 1974; Eilam y Golani, 1988; Wasterga y Gramsbregen, 1990). Para que los organismos conserven la integridad anatmica y fisiolgica es imprescindible que reciban un aporte de nutrimentos adecuado y suficiente. La proporcin requerida de cada nutrimento vara en funcin de la edad y la especie del animal. En caso de que un organismo reciba un aporte insuficiente en cantidad y/o calidad (de alguno de los nutrimentos) durante su desarrollo embrionario y/o lactancia, presentar alteraciones anatmicas, funcionales y conductuales de consideracin durante toda su vida (Waterlow y Stephen, 1969; Morgane y cols., 1978, 1993). Desnutricin se define como una deficiencia en la cantidad total de caloras proporcionadas a un organismo. Actualmente se ha considerado a la desnutricin y malnutricin como un problema de salud pblica de alta prioridad (Blakburn, 2001) por lo que la comprensin, precaucin, diagnstico y tratamiento de esta enfermedad, que hoy en da sufren ms de mil millones de personas en el mundo (Blakburn, 2001), dependen del desarrollo de nuevas tecnologas. Por lo anterior, se ha puesto especial inters en determinar los efectos que desencadena una reduccin drstica de alimento sobre la funcin de diversos tejidos u rganos, entre los que destacan: el sistema nervioso y el sistema muscular de los animales (Morgane y cols., 1993; Segura, 2003). En base a esto, el presente proyecto tuvo como objeto realizar un estudio cinemtica simple de la actividad locomotora (marcha) de ratas con diferentes edades postnatales, sometidas a diferentes condiciones alimenticias, para determinar el efecto de la rehabilitacin alimenticia sobre las probables alteraciones en la marcha producidas por la desnutricin perinatal, durante el desarrollo postnatal de la rata.

2. METODOLOGA Y RESULTADOS

El estudio se realiz con ratas (macho) variedad Wistar, obtenidas al aparear tres grupos de ratas hembras (peso inicial de 250 g.), mantenidas bajo distintas condiciones alimenticias: Grupo control: Durante el perodo experimental se mantuvieron a las ratas hembras y sus cras (8 cras por camada) en condiciones ad libitum (Formulab 5008, LabDiet). Grupo desnutrido: tres semanas antes del apareamiento y durante los perodos de gestacin y lactancia se aliment a las hembras y posterior al destete, a las cras (8 cras/camada) con el 50% del alimento que, en promedio, ingirieron los animales control (Chow y lee, 1964; Bedi, 1994; Segura y colaboradores, 2001, 2004).Grupo Realimentado: Igual al grupo desnutrido, pero despus del nacimiento de las cras, se les proporcionar alimento ad libitum durante la lactancia y posterior al destete. Todas las observaciones se realizaron siguiendo las normas ticas sealadas en la gua de los Institutos Nacionales de la Salud de los Estados Unidos de Norteamrica (NIH Publications No. 8023) y por la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-062-ZOO-1999 Especificaciones Tcnicas para la Produccin, Cuidado y Uso de los Animales de Laboratorio, para el cuidado y uso de animales de laboratorio. El anlisis de la actividad ambulatoria de las cras se realiz una vez por semana (durante 9 semanas), a partir del da 4 5 de vida, se les rasur la parte dorsal de la pata posterior izquierda y se les coloc una marca de tinta (con plumn indeleble) sobre la piel de las articulaciones de la cintura plvica, cadera, rodilla, tobillo y metatarso de la pata de los animales. Subsecuentemente, cada animal por separado se introdujo, a una pasarela de acrlico transparente, donde se videograb su desplazamiento. Para el anlisis cinemtico se seleccion el segmento de video en que la rata muestra una caminata estable, sin detenerse o distraerse o, dando cuando menos 4 zancadas continuas. La videograbacin seleccionada se digitaliz con el programa Pinnacle Studio V. 7 Pinnacle Systems, Inc.) y se tom fotografa digital a cada cuadro de la grabacin (30 cuadros/segundo). Mediante el programa Image J (Scion corporation; NIH) se determinaron los valores de las coordenadas de cada marca colocada en las articulaciones de la pata posterior, las cuales fueron introducidas a un programa computacional diseado ex profeso para tal fin en nuestro laboratorio, que permite establecer la secuencia de movimientos de la pata durante la marcha y determinar el ngulo de cada articulacin durante el desplazamiento. A partir de la secuencia de movimientos se determin la longitud, duracin y velocidad de las zancadas de la pata posterior, as como los cambios angulares de las articulaciones y la duracin de cada una de las fases de flexin (F) y extensin (E1, E2 y E3) que componen el ciclo de la zancada (Rossignol, 1996). Los valores obtenidos se promediaron y se calcul su desviacin estndar. Para establecer las diferencias entre los distintos grupos de animales, se agruparon los valores de las zancadas de todos los animales control, desnutridos o re-alimentados y se les aplic la prueba de ANOVA simple y/o la prueba t de Student.

El peso y la talla son importantes variables de respuesta, pues se manifiestan visiblemente en el caso de los animales sometidos a Desnutricin, presentando un marcado decremento en peso y talla corporal con respecto a los animales control. Es decir, tomando el peso corporal de los animales control como 100%, el grupo desnutrido ni siquiera alcanz la mitad del peso de una rata control.

Figura 2. Diagramas de lneas que representan la secuencia de movimientos que ocurren durante la ejecucin de varias zancadas (n=4-6) de la extremidad posterior derecha en la marcha sin restricciones de cras de todos los grupos en distintas edades post-natales (P5 a P61). Note que la extremidad posterior derecha del animal desnutrido es de menor tamao que el de las cras control y re-alimentada.

En cuanto al desarrollo de la marcha, es importante sealar que el desempeo locomotor de todos los grupos present los mismos dos estadios (antes y despus del da 21 postnatal), en el que el primer estadio caracterizado por una actividad locomotora irregular y de arrastre, debida a la falta de fuerza para sostener la cabeza y el cuerpo completo; la segunda tipificada por el incremento en la fuerza muscular que hace a la marcha fluida y con mayor organizacin espacio-temporal, hasta adquirir caractersticas adultas (Figura2). Respecto a la caracterizacin de la marcha, se llev a cabo un anlisis basado en parmetros espaciales y temporales de la actividad ambulatoria. Parmetros temporales: Duracin de la fase de Balanceo, Duracin de la Fase de Soporte y Duracin de la zancada. Debido a las diferencias corporales entre animales desnutridos y los restantes, se esperaba encontrase con diferencias de tiempo de ejecucin ya fuera de la fase de balanceo o soporte o de la zancada completa. Sin embargo, los valores de estos parmetros tendieron a igualarse en los tres grupos. Parmetros espaciales: Dado que las diferencias corporales influyen significativamente en el anlisis de parmetros espaciales como la longitud de zancada o el desplazamiento de cadera, en este estudio se determin la longitud de zancada y la tasa de este parmetro con respecto al peso corporal. Aunque la Longitud de zancada fue idntica para todos los grupos, la tasa de longitud/peso fue determinantemente mayor en el grupo desnutrido que en animales control y realimentados. En lo que a velocidad se refiere tanto la velocidad de zancada como su tasa en relacin al peso corporal presentaron los valores ms altos (Figura 3)

AB

Figura 3. Grfica A: Valores promedio de la velocidad de las zancadas durante la marcha sin restricciones de ratas control y experimentales en distintas edades postnatales. Grfica B: Tasa de Velocidad de la zancada por gramo de peso corporal durante el desarrollo postnatal de la rata.

En relacin al cambio de ngulo de la articulacin de la rodilla, como es independiente del peso y talla de los animales, no se consideraron sus respectivas tasas, y no se observaron diferencias significativas entre los grupos para estos parmetros. Los animales desnutridos presentaron un desplazamiento de cadera similar al de ratas control y realimentadas, sin embargo, la tasa de desplazamiento de cadera con respecto al peso fue significativamente mayor en el grupo desnutrido que en el resto de ellos. Durante la fase de Balanceo y soporte los animales desnutridos presentaron los mayores valores de la tasa de desplazamiento de cadera/peso corporal.

3. CONCLUSIONES

La restriccin alimenticia perinatal en cantidad, produjo una desnutricin relativamente severa en la rata, y la rehabilitacin alimenticia posterior al nacimiento induce la recuperacin del peso y talla corporal de los animales sometidos a desnutricin pre-natal.

Los dos estadios de desempeo locomotor ocurren independientemente de la condicin alimenticia de los animales.

La desnutricin perinatal no afecta el desarrollo de la coordinacin temporal de los msculos que participan en la ejecucin de los movimientos de las articulaciones durante la marcha, es decir, no altera los circuitos locomotores espinales (generadores de la marcha), involucrados en la sincronizacin de la actividad de los msculos de las extremidades requeridos para la generacin de la marcha de la rata.

El mejor desempeo motor por parte de animales desnutridos de los 19 das de edad en adelante, podra deberse a que a partir de ese da los animales cuentan con una mayor tasa de longitud/peso pero de similar duracin que la de los animales control y realimentados.

La mayor longitud de zancada por gramo de peso corporal de los animales desnutridos no guarda relacin con los cambios de ngulo de la articulacin de la rodilla durante la fase de balanceo de las zancadas.

El comportamiento de la tasa de desplazamiento de la cadera durante las distintas edades de los animales desnutridos coincide con el comportamiento de los valores de la tasa de la longitud y velocidad de la zancada con respecto al peso.

La similitud en longitud de zancadas de las ratas desnutridas con la de los animales control y experimentales, resulta de un mayor desplazamiento de la cadera de los primeros en relacin a su peso corporal.

BIBLIOGRAFA J. Altman, R.L. Brunner, F. Bulut , K. Sudarshan, The development of behavior in normal and brain-damage infant rats, studied with homing (nest-seeking) as motivation En: Drugs and the Developing Brain. A. Vernadakis y N. Weiner N. (Eds) Plenum: New York, 1974. pp. 321-348. G.L. Blakburn, Pasteur Quadrant and Malnutrition, Nature Vol. 409, 2001, pp. 397-401.

B.F. Chow y C.J Lee, Effect of dietary restriction of pregnant rats of body weight. Gain of the offspring, J.Nutr. Vol. 82, 1964, pp. 10-18.

D. Eilam, I. Golani The ontogeny of exploratory behavior in the house rat (Rattus rattus): the mobility Gradient, Dev Psychobiol Vol. 21, 7, 1988, pp. 679-710.

J.C. Fentress, The development of coordination, J Mot Behav Vol.16, 2, 1984, pp. 99-134. S. Grillner, Locomotion in vertebrates: central mechanisms and reflex interaction, Physiol Rev Vol. 55, 1975, pp. 247-304. E.R. Kandell, J.H. Schwartz, T.M. Jessell, Principles of neural science, Appleton & Lange. Norwalk, Connecticut, 1991, pp. 349-351 P.J. Morgane, M. Miller, T. Kemper, W. Ster, W. Forbes, R. Hall, J. Bronzin, J. Kissane, E. Hawrylewicz, O. Resnick, The effects of Protein Malnutrition on the Development Central Nervous System in the Rat, Neurosc. and Biobeav. Rev. Vol. 2, 1978, pp. 137-230. P. Morgane, R..J. Austin-Lafrance, J.D. Broncino, J. Tonkiss, S. Daz-Cintra, L. Cintra, T. Kemper, J.R. Galler, Prenatal malnutrition and development of the Brain, Neurosc. Biobehav.Rev. Vol. 17, 1993, pp. 91-98. E. Muybridge, The male and female figure in motion. 60 classic photographic sequences, Dover Publications, New York. 1984, pp. 1-121. S. Rossignol, Neural control of stereotypic limb movements, Handbook of Physiology, Section 12. Exercise: Regulation and Integration of Multiple Systems, L-B. Bowell y J.T. Shepherd (Eds). American Physiological Society. 1996, pp. 173-216. M. Salas, S.C. Torrero, O.M. Regalado, EI juego y otras conductas en la ontogenia temprana. En: Motivacin y conducta: Sus bases biolgica. B.C. Escobar, R. Aguilar. Ed Manual Moderno Mxico 2002, pp. 363-383.

B. Segura, Efectos de la desnutricin y malnutricin sobre la actividad contrctil del msculo esqueltico y potencial de accin compuestos de nervios cutneos en la rata en desarrollo. Tesis de doctorado. Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico, Mxico, 2003. J. Westerga, A. Gramsbergen, The development of locomotion in the rat, Dev Brain Res Vol. 57, 1990, pp. 163-174. J.C. Waterlow, J.M.L Stephen, Enzymes and assessment of protein nutrition, Proc. Nutr.Soc. Vol. 28, 1969, pp. 234.

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0.01823735140.0224558680.02706027750.04638078630.04726867450.85579557828.59978998730.0185001930.01778562820.02442042470.06153167980.06662828660.98205566176.98970168630.01688828840.01736992470.01660679720.08409178660.08421782980.881523185.09101886040.010.020.02400.080.040.060.080.040.06

47d0.04522222220.07577777780.1210.18211111110.303111111111.431816944338.803801516945-47 dias0.04242857140.07071428570.11314285710.26023809520.373619047611.466494284631.223861002147d0.04569230770.05838461540.10407692310.29953846150.403615384610.720769230826.9054558495n=5470.10.120.110.290.180.26470.40.30.37

0.0162393950.0178763560.02421537970.04788313770.04670227581.10717119557.97799542820.01527603160.02616322390.02231207230.05033081040.05312200691.44677406795.78423465460.01671019960.02392536470.02272832860.04143994730.04076055790.7822665954.11374446460.020.020.02470.040.040.050.040.040.05

54d0.042240.058080.100320.242880.343211.050941034833.170655740652-54 dias0.04242857140.06285714290.10538095240.39238095240.498142857111.989274045426.692398854354d0.0508750.0770.1278750.3473750.4752510.857916666722.8427197085n=5540.120.10.10.340.240.39540.470.340.49

0.01787288450.02188972360.02424994850.05207312170.05130058481.19835057997.63513248620.01527603160.0274213160.03244915440.15774202870.16491036531.73217641989.10137007080.01941158890.01863377020.02242923650.07351120150.07767616721.23525029734.73031628160.020.020.03540.070.050.150.070.050.16

61d0.0588260870.0731739130.1320.30704347830.439043478312.141080426229.87473186859-61 dias0.0440.07522222220.11750.3480.465888888913.489421391430.545660390861d0.05156250.0701250.12168750.34650.468187512.62937527.4767628112n=4610.120.130.110.340.30.34610.460.430.46

0.01979130240.01979130240.02224859550.11493495320.12642010711.14658009449.00427475270.01600735130.02494831260.02839687220.07251450160.08713673431.76678710419.90477642920.01690746880.02043159320.02881601120.04819958510.06401064361.29452935464.96522454170.020.020.02610.040.110.070.060.120.08

longitud zancadadistancia cadera-tobillo

Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMENEdad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMENLONG.LONGLONG. ZANC.

53.18033748113.11481106616.755039149950.57480.50440.41453.18033748113.11481106616.7550391499

124.34666666673.86192478048.235120.74080.83777777780.6283333333124.34666666673.86192478048.235

197.25846.91529802427.0051814672190.99761904760.7060.7714285714197.25846.91529802427.0051814672

267.83852941187.15549925998.9471689647261.41166666670.79333333330.96

349.08115384628.89050709748.9641431193341.74833333330.99351.2854166667

4011.515454545510.29815490311.1458554187402.22363636361.15458333331.7786956522

4710.720769230811.431816944311.4664942846472.08121.02363636361.8226315789

5410.857916666711.050941034811.9892740454542.203751.19869565221.74DUR ZANC.DUR.ZANCD. ZANC.

6112.62937512.141080426213.4894213914612.58789473681.7682.197062551.10551.4191.1551666667

120.6503751.23847058821.07

190.345840.35828571430.4672

duracin de la zancada

Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN

51.10551.4191.1551666667controldesnutridare-alim.

120.6503751.23847058821.07Edad (das)XpesoVELOC.VELOCIDADVel. Zanc.

190.345840.35828571430.4672513.61666666679.8258.37552.91327655062.40921384275.8510356498

260.41152941180.26139473680.35082352941226.133333333315.2520.025126.92446899193.31883709588.2489383849

340.36557692310.29920.38230769231937.2518.535.751921.526390108219.937429627917.1635408214

400.38550.26855172410.36085714292667.583333333321.87558.45

470.40361538460.30311111110.373619047634124.816666666747.425101

540.475250.34320.49814285714016548.325163.5

610.46818750.43904347830.465888888947227.083333333364.75227.9

54268.586.6282.45

61319.5111.575350.75

Velocidad de la zancada

Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN

52.91327655062.40921384275.8510356498duracion de la flexion y la extension durante la fase de balanceo

126.92446899193.31883709588.2489383849controldesn.re-alim.

1921.526390108219.937429627917.1635408214FE1F+E1F (S)E1 (S)F+E1 (S)FE1D. BALANC.

2619.816597519128.74683195926.58287569740.068750.0838750.1526250.1430.15216666670.29516666670.082750.15208333330.23525

3425.628185640630.162077826723.81519398870.02367028960.0257079120.02888780770.06696355460.04951797060.11001617530.04375162330.07163982940.0928176365

4028.836816559339.670910438532.0111090184

4726.905455849538.803801516931.22386100210.057750.101750.15950.07376470590.10482352940.17858823530.0536250.17450.2285

5422.842719708533.170655740626.69239885430.02795065530.03359250690.04423848410.02483075060.02669558790.03312110130.02455278570.06089334940.0519395253

6127.476762811229.87473186830.5456603908

0.047520.07920.126720.04902857140.07165714290.12068571430.04180.04620.0902

0.01924214130.02130140840.03113213770.01854959290.03149597810.03997261670.01510534440.01673405420.0151053444

Duracin de la fase de balanceo

Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN0.05823529410.0660.12423529410.03994736840.05731578950.09726315790.04270588240.05634705880.099

50.1526250.29516666670.235250.01855575860.02333452380.02743521780.01363411340.02622574070.03063885910.01549905120.02266296860.0202082904

120.15950.17858823530.2285

190.126720.12068571430.09020.04696153850.05965384620.10661538460.04840.06380.11220.04442307690.06853846150.1131153846

260.12423529410.09726315790.0990.01662643860.01621836570.02150363120.01704112670.01510534440.02087103260.01601042930.02271603970.0233243682

340.10661538460.11220.1131153846

400.11250.11151724140.11157142860.04950.0630.11250.04437931030.0671379310.11151724140.04242857140.06914285710.1115714286

470.10407692310.1210.11314285710.01688828840.01736992470.01660679720.01823735140.0224558680.02706027750.0185001930.01778562820.0244204247

540.1278750.100320.1053809524

610.12168750.1320.11750.04569230770.05838461540.10407692310.04522222220.07577777780.1210.04242857140.07071428570.1131428571

0.01671019960.02392536470.02272832860.0162393950.0178763560.02421537970.01527603160.02616322390.0223120723

Duracin de la fase de soporte0.0508750.0770.1278750.042240.058080.100320.04242857140.06285714290.1053809524

Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN0.01941158890.01863377020.02242923650.01787288450.02188972360.02424994850.01527603160.0274213160.0324491544

50.9528751.12383333330.9195833333

120.4908750.35597241510.27259493760.05156250.0701250.12168750.0588260870.0731739130.1320.0440.07522222220.1175

190.219120.23760.36306666670.01690746880.02043159320.02881601120.01979130240.01979130240.02224859550.01600735130.02494831260.0283968722

260.28729411760.16413157890.2552941176

340.25896153850.1870.2662692308

400.2730.15703448280.249047619

470.29953846150.18211111110.2602380952

540.3473750.242880.3923809524

610.34650.30704347830.348

controlhembra?

peso de los animales control (gr)

edad1C2Cros1ros2ros3ros4peso de las ratas desnutridaspeso de las ratas re-alimentadas

514121413.913.8141D2D3D4DedadL1L2L3L4

1224.622.227.728.726.6275d109.31010599.57.57.5

1938.236.312d161416151219.519.62120

26716470646967.519d19.517.718.718.1193635.5

34127.8107134.3121.9125.5132.426d242121.5212656.557.56158.8

4017715334d534846.74234104.5104.59699

47238184242.523222524140d54.549.545.34440167160

54303.5221273272.526327847d7566576147227224231229.6

6135225332733731433454d98.488.577.58254287.7280294.1268

61d126112102.7105.661351344344364

edad5d12d19d26d34d40d47d54d61d5d12d19d26d34d40d47d54d61d5d12d19d26d34d40d47d54d61d

1C1424.638.271127.8177238303.53521D101619.5245354.57598.4126L1919.53656.5104.5167227287.7351

2C1222.236.3641071531842212532D9.31417.7214849.56688.5112L29.519.635.557.5104.5160224280344

ros11427.770134.3242.52733273D101618.721.546.745.35777.5102.7L37.5216196231294.1344

ros213.928.764121.9232272.53374D101518.12142446182105.6L47.52058.899229.6268364

ros313.826.669125.5225263314

ros4142767.5132.4241278334X9.82515.2518.521.87547.42548.32564.7586.6111.575X8.37520.02535.7558.45101163.5227.9282.45350.75

SD0.350.95742710780.78315600831.43614066164.52281254684.73875862797.76208734819.070464890710.37187704SD1.03077640640.68495741960.35355339061.94336477964.22295315314.94974746833.08328828811.2263083879.4295634399

X13.616666666726.133333333337.2567.5833333333124.8166666667165227.0833333333268.5319.5

SD0.79603182522.35937844921.34350288433.00693642549.825968993816.970562748522.06902051926.974061614834.8754928281

controldesnutridare-alim.

edadXpeso

513.61666666679.8258.375

1226.133333333315.2520.025

1937.2518.535.75

2667.583333333321.87558.45

34124.816666666747.425101

4016548.325163.5

47227.083333333364.75227.9

54268.586.6282.45

61319.5111.575350.75

longitud del femur de las ratas desnutridasLongitud del femur (cm)

1D2D3D4Dcontrolhembra?

1.070.71edad1C2C

2.810.851.551.190.95

3.430.881.5122.52.5

3.431.362193.433.12

3.752.52264.063.43

3.753.52.25344.373.75

3.753.53.25404.374.06

3.7543.54754.06

3.754.53.55454.37

615.314.37

Hoja1

13.61666666679.8258.375

26.133333333315.2520.025

37.2518.535.75

67.583333333321.87558.45

124.816666666747.425101

16548.325163.5

227.083333333364.75227.9

268.586.6282.45

319.5111.575350.75

control

desnut.

re-aliment.

Edad (das)

Peso (gr)

Hoja2

PORCENTAJES

controldesnutre-alimentLong. Zanc/peso

longitud zancadapesolong. Zanc.pesolong zanc.pesolong. Zanc.Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN

Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMENlongitud zancada13.61666666673.18033748119.8253.11481106618.3756.755039149950.23356211610.31702911610.8065718388

53.18033748113.11481106616.7550391499Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMENDESN.%RE-ALIM. (%)26.13333333334.346666666715.253.861924780420.0258.235120.16632653060.25324096920.4112359551

124.34666666673.86192478048.235distancia cadera-tobillo53.18033748113.11481106616.7550391499597.9396395688212.40007357537.257.258418.56.915298024235.757.0051814672190.19485637580.37379989320.1959491319

197.25846.91529802427.0051814672controldesnut.re-aliment.124.34666666673.86192478048.2351288.8479627396189.455521472467.58333333337.838529411821.8757.155499259958.458.9471689647260.11598317260.32710853760.1530738916

267.83852941187.15549925998.9471689647distlong. zancdistlong. zancdistlong. zanc197.25846.91529802427.00518146721995.273035712896.5113725777124.81666666679.081153846247.4258.89050709741018.9641431193340.07275593950.18746456720.0887538923

349.08115384628.89050709748.9641431193CONTROLCONTROLDESNUTRIDESNUTRIRE-ALIMENRE-ALIMEN267.83852941187.15549925998.94716896472691.286246233114.143463584416511.515454545548.32510.298154903163.511.1458554187400.06979063360.21310201560.0681703695

4011.515454545510.29815490311.14585541870.57483.18033748110.50443.11481106610.4146.7550391499349.08115384628.89050709748.96414311933497.900632981598.7114993439227.083333333310.720769230864.7511.4318169443227.911.4664942846470.04721072690.17655315740.050313709CONTROL

4710.720769230811.431816944311.46649428460.74084.34666666670.83777777783.86192478040.62833333338.2354011.515454545510.29815490311.14585541874089.428991815896.7904078361268.510.857916666786.611.0509410348282.4511.9892740454540.04043916820.12760901890.0424474209Edad (das)Long./pesoZanc./pesoVel. /peso

5410.857916666711.050941034811.98927404540.99761904767.25840.7066.91529802420.77142857147.00518146724710.720769230811.431816944311.466494284647106.6324318543106.9558912966319.512.629375111.57512.1410804262350.7513.4894213914610.03952856030.10881541950.0384587923

6112.62937512.141080426213.48942139141.41166666677.83852941180.79333333337.15549925990.968.94716896475410.857916666711.050941034811.989274045454101.7777293199110.419654280450.23350.08110.213

1.74833333339.08115384620.99358.89050709741.28541666678.96414311936112.62937512.141080426213.48942139146196.1336600284106.8098887823120.16630.02480.265

2.223636363611.51545454551.154583333310.2981549031.778695652211.1458554187190.19480.00920.577

2.081210.72076923081.023636363611.43181694431.822631578911.4664942846260.11590.0060.293

2.2037510.85791666671.198695652211.05094103481.7411.9892740454340.07270.00290.205

2.587894736812.6293751.76812.14108042622.197062513.4894213914controldesnutre-alimentDur. Zanc./peso400.06970.00230.174

pesoDur. Zanc.pesoDur. Zanc.pesoDur. Zanc.Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN470.04720.00170.118

13.61666666671.10559.8251.4198.3751.155166666750.08118727050.14442748090.1379303483540.04040.00170.085

26.13333333330.65037515.251.238470588220.0251.07120.02488679850.08121118610.0534332085610.03950.00140.086

duracin de la zancada37.250.3458418.50.358285714335.750.4672190.00928429530.01936679540.0130685315

duracin de la zancadaEdad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMENEdad (das)% desn.%re-alim.67.58333333330.411529411821.8750.261394736858.450.3508235294260.00608921450.01194947370.0060021134DESNUTRI

Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN51.10551.4191.15516666675128.3582089552104.4926880748124.81666666670.365576923147.4250.29921010.3823076923340.00292891110.00630890880.0037852247Edad (das)Long./pesoZanc./pesoVel. /peso

51.10551.4191.1551666667controldesnutre-aliment120.6503751.23847058821.0712190.4240766074164.52046896021650.385548.3250.2685517241163.50.3608571429400.00233636360.00555720070.0022070773

120.6503751.23847058821.07pesolong. Zanc.pesolong zanc.pesolong. Zanc.190.345840.35828571430.467219103.598691385135.0913717326227.08333333330.403615384664.750.3031111111227.90.3736190476470.00177738880.00468125270.001639399150.3170.14440.245

190.345840.35828571430.467213.61666666673.18033748119.8253.11481106618.3756.7550391499260.41152941180.26139473680.35082352942663.517874875985.2487135506268.50.4752586.60.3432282.450.4981428571540.00177001860.00396304850.0017636497120.25320.08120.217

260.41152941180.26139473680.350823529426.13333333334.346666666715.253.861924780420.0258.235340.36557692310.29920.38230769233481.8432403998104.5765386639319.50.4681875111.5750.4390434783350.750.4658888889610.00146537560.00393496280.0013282648190.37370.01931.077

340.36557692310.29920.382307692337.257.258418.56.915298024235.757.0051814672400.38550.26855172410.36085714294069.663222863393.6075597554260.32710.01191.314

400.38550.26855172410.360857142967.58333333337.838529411821.8757.155499259958.458.9471689647470.40361538460.30311111110.37361904764775.098998369492.5680887945340.18740.00630.636

470.40361538460.30311111110.3736190476124.81666666679.081153846247.4258.89050709741018.9641431193540.475250.34320.49814285715472.2146238822104.8170136019400.21310.00550.821

540.475250.34320.498142857116511.515454545548.32510.298154903163.511.1458554187610.46818750.43904347830.46588888896193.775138862399.5090404782470.17650.00460.599

610.46818750.43904347830.4658888889227.083333333310.720769230864.7511.4318169443227.911.4664942846540.12760.00390.383

268.510.857916666786.611.0509410348282.4511.9892740454610.10880.00390.267

319.512.629375111.57512.1410804262350.7513.4894213914

RE-ALIMENTADAS

Edad (das)Long./pesoZanc./pesoVel. /peso

controldesnutre-alimentVel. Zanc/peso

pesovel. Zanc.pesovel. Zanc.pesovel. Zanc.Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN50.80650.13790.698

Velocidad de la zancada13.61666666672.91327655069.8252.40921384278.3755.851035649850.21394931830.24521260490.6986311224120.41120.05340.412

controldesnutre-alimentEdad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMENEdad (das)desn. (%)re-alim. (%)26.13333333336.924468991915.253.318837095820.0258.2489383849120.26496692570.2176286620.4119320042190.19590.0130.48

pesoDur. Zanc.pesoDur. Zanc.pesoDur. Zanc.52.91327655062.40921384275.8510356498582.6977391568200.840378462537.2521.526390108218.519.937429627935.7517.1635408214190.57788966731.07769889880.480099044260.1530.0060.454

Velocidad de la zancada13.61666666671.10559.8251.4198.3751.1551666667126.92446899193.31883709588.24893838491247.9291206252119.127378497367.583333333319.816597519121.87528.74683195958.4526.5828756974260.29321722591.31414088960.4547968468340.08870.00370.235

Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN26.13333333330.65037515.251.238470588220.0251.071921.526390108219.937429627917.16354082141992.618546480579.7325549484124.816666666725.628185640647.42530.162077826710123.8151939887340.20532663090.63599531530.2357939999400.06810.00220.195

52.91327655062.40921384275.851035649837.250.3458418.50.358285714335.750.46722619.816597519128.74683195926.582875697426145.0644185067134.144500193516528.836816559348.32539.6709104385163.532.0111090184400.17476858520.82091899510.1957865995470.05030.00160.137

126.92446899193.31883709588.248938384967.58333333330.411529411821.8750.261394736858.450.35082352943425.628185640630.162077826723.815193988734117.691038490692.9257900762227.083333333326.905455849564.7538.8038015169227.931.2238610021470.11848274140.59928650990.1370068495540.04240.00170.094

1921.526390108219.937429627917.1635408214124.81666666670.365576923147.4250.29921010.38230769234028.836816559339.670910438532.011109018440137.5703533603111.0077769943268.522.842719708586.633.1706557406282.4526.6923988543540.08507530620.38303297620.0945030938610.03840.00130.087

2619.816597519128.74683195926.58287569741650.385548.3250.2685517241163.50.36085714294726.905455849538.803801516931.223861002147144.2227990259116.0502954371319.527.4767628112111.57529.874731868350.7530.5456603908610.08599925760.26775471090.087086701

3425.628185640630.162077826723.8151939887227.08333333330.403615384664.750.3031111111227.90.37361904765422.842719708533.170655740626.692398854354145.2132502779116.8529807087

4028.836816559339.670910438532.0111090184268.50.4752586.60.3432282.450.49814285716127.476762811229.87473186830.545660390861108.7272619167111.169065296

4726.905455849538.803801516931.2238610021319.50.4681875111.5750.4390434783350.750.4658888889

5422.842719708533.170655740626.6923988543

6127.476762811229.87473186830.5456603908

controldesnutre-aliment

pesofase balanceopesofase balanceopesofase balanceoNDICE DE DURACIN BALANCEO/PESONDICE DE DURACIN SOPORTE/PESO

13.61666666670.1526259.8250.29516666678.3750.23525

26.13333333330.159515.250.178588235320.0250.2285Dur. Balanceo/pesoEdad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMENCONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN

37.250.1267218.50.120685714335.750.0902Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN50.01120.030.0280.06990.11430.1098

67.58333333330.124235294121.8750.097263157958.450.09950.01120869030.03004240880.0280895522120.00610.01170.01140.01870.02330.0136

124.81666666670.106615384647.4250.11221010.1131153846120.00610331630.0117107040.0114107366190.00340.00650.00250.00580.01280.0101

controldesnutre-aliment1650.112548.3250.1115172414163.50.1115714286190.00340187920.00652355210.0025230769260.00180.00440.00160.00420.00750.0043

Duracin de la fase de balanceopesovel. Zanc.pesovel. Zanc.pesovel. Zanc.227.08333333330.104076923164.750.121227.90.1131428571260.00183825340.00444631580.0016937553340.00080.00230.00110.0020.00390.0026

Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN13.61666666672.91327655069.8252.40921384278.3755.8510356498268.50.12787586.60.10032282.450.1053809524340.00085417590.00236584080.0011199543400.00060.00230.00060.00160.00320.0015

50.1526250.29516666670.2352526.13333333336.924468991915.253.318837095820.0258.2489383849controldesnutridare-alim.Edad (das)319.50.1216875111.5750.132350.750.1175400.00068181820.00230765110.0006823941470.00040.00180.00040.00130.00280.0011

120.15950.17858823530.228537.2521.526390108218.519.937429627935.7517.1635408214Edad (das)Xpesocontroldesn. (%)re-alim. (%)470.00045832040.00186872590.0004964583540.00040.00110.00030.00120.00280.0013

190.126720.12068571430.090267.583333333319.816597519121.87528.74683195958.4526.5828756974513.61666666679.8258.375510072.154222766261.5055079559540.0004762570.00115842960.000373096610.00030.00110.00030.0010.00270.0009

260.12423529410.09726315790.099124.816666666725.628185640647.42530.162077826710123.81519398871226.133333333315.2520.0251210058.354591836776.6262755102610.00038086850.00118306070.0003349964

340.10661538460.11220.113115384616528.836816559348.32539.6709104385163.532.01110901841937.2518.535.751910049.664429530295.9731543624

400.11250.11151724140.1115714286227.083333333326.905455849564.7538.8038015169227.931.22386100212667.583333333321.87558.452610032.367447595686.4858199753

470.10407692310.1210.1131428571268.522.842719708586.633.1706557406282.4526.692398854334124.816666666747.4251013410037.995727066480.9186807317controldesnutre-aliment

540.1278750.100320.1053809524319.527.4767628112111.57529.874731868350.7530.54566039084016548.325163.54010029.287878787999.0909090909pesofase soportepesofase soportepesofase soporte

610.12168750.1320.117547227.083333333364.75227.94710028.5137614679100.359633027513.61666666670.9528759.8251.12383333338.3750.9195833333

54268.586.6282.455410032.2532588454105.195530726326.13333333330.49087515.250.355972415120.0250.2725949376

61319.5111.575350.756110034.9217527387109.780907668237.250.2191218.50.237635.750.3630666667Dur. Soporte/peso

67.58333333330.287294117621.8750.164131578958.450.2552941176Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN

124.81666666670.258961538547.4250.1871010.266269230850.06997858020.11438507210.109800995

controldesnutre-aliment1650.27348.3250.1570344828163.50.249047619120.01878348210.02334245340.013612731

Duracin de la fase de soportepesofase balanceopesofase balanceopesofase balanceo227.08333333330.299538461564.750.1821111111227.90.2602380952190.00588241610.01284324320.010155711

Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN13.61666666670.1526259.8250.29516666678.3750.23525268.50.34737586.60.24288282.450.3923809524260.00425096110.00750315790.0043677351

50.9528751.12383333330.919583333326.13333333330.159515.250.178588235320.0250.2285319.50.3465111.5750.3070434783350.750.348340.00207473530.0039430680.002636329

120.4908750.35597241510.272594937637.250.1267218.50.120685714335.750.0902400.00165454550.00324954960.001523227

190.219120.23760.363066666767.58333333330.124235294121.8750.097263157958.450.099470.00131906850.00281252680.001141896

260.28729411760.16413157890.2552941176124.81666666670.106615384647.4250.11221010.1131153846540.00129376160.00280461890.001389205

340.25896153850.1870.26626923081650.112548.3250.1115172414163.50.1115714286610.0010845070.00275190210.0009921597

400.2730.15703448280.249047619227.08333333330.104076923164.750.121227.90.1131428571

470.29953846150.18211111110.2602380952268.50.12787586.60.10032282.450.1053809524Duracin de la fase de balanceo

540.3473750.242880.3923809524319.50.1216875111.5750.132350.750.1175Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMENEdad (das)desn. (%)re-alim. (%)

610.34650.30704347830.34850.1526250.29516666670.235255193.3933933934154.135954136

120.15950.17858823530.228512111.9675456389143.2601880878

190.126720.12068571430.09021995.238095238171.1805555556

260.12423529410.09726315790.0992678.289473684279.6875controldesnutre-aliment

340.10661538460.11220.113115384634105.2380952381106.0966810967pesodist.cad-tob.pesodist.cad-tob.pesodist.cad-tob.

controldesnutre-aliment400.11250.11151724140.11157142864099.126436781699.174603174613.61666666670.57489.8250.50448.3750.414dist cad-tob./peso

pesofase soportepesofase soportepesofase soporte470.10407692310.1210.113142857147116.2601626016108.710801393726.13333333330.740815.250.837777777820.0250.6283333333Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN

13.61666666670.9528759.8251.12383333338.3750.9195833333540.1278750.100320.10538095245478.451612903282.409346925537.250.997619047618.50.70635.750.771428571450.04221297430.05133842240.0494328358

26.13333333330.49087515.250.355972415120.0250.2725949376610.12168750.1320.117561108.474576271296.558808423267.58333333331.411666666721.8750.793333333358.450.96120.02834693880.05493624770.0313774449

37.250.2191218.50.237635.750.3630666667124.81666666671.748333333347.4250.99351011.2854166667190.02678171940.03816216220.0215784216

distancia cadera-tobillo67.58333333330.287294117621.8750.164131578958.450.25529411761652.223636363648.3251.1545833333163.51.7786956522260.02088779280.03626666670.0164242943

Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN124.81666666670.258961538547.4250.1871010.2662692308227.08333333332.081264.751.0236363636227.91.8226315789340.01400721060.02094886660.0127268977

50.57480.50440.4141650.27348.3250.1570344828163.50.249047619268.52.2037586.61.1986956522282.451.74400.0134765840.02389205040.0108788725

120.74080.83777777780.6283333333227.08333333330.299538461564.750.1821111111227.90.2602380952319.52.5878947368111.5751.768350.752.1970625470.00916491740.01580905580.0079975058

190.99761904760.7060.7714285714268.50.34737586.60.24288282.450.3923809524Duracin de la fase de soporte540.0082076350.01384175120.0061603824

261.41166666670.79333333330.96319.50.3465111.5750.3070434783350.750.348Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMENEdad (das)desn. (%)re-alim. (%)610.0080998270.01584584360.0062638988

341.74833333330.99351.285416666750.9528751.12383333330.91958333335117.941317941396.5061874153

402.22363636361.15458333331.7786956522120.4908750.35597241510.27259493761272.517935334855.5324548186

472.08121.02363636361.8226315789190.219120.23760.363066666719108.4337349398165.6930753316

542.203751.19869565221.74260.28729411760.16413157890.25529411762657.130156472388.8615888616

612.58789473681.7682.1970625340.25896153850.1870.26626923083472.2114956186102.8219218773

400.2730.15703448280.2490476194057.521788556391.2262340834

470.29953846150.18211111110.26023809524760.797237915986.8796928119

540.3473750.242880.39238095245469.9186757827112.9560136397Angulo Flexin

610.34650.30704347830.3486188.6128364389100.4329004329PESOAng. Flex-rodilla

ControlDesnutridasRealimentadasEdad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN

controldesnutre-aliment13.616666666716.68958333339.82531.21894444448.37517.1951.22567319463.17750070682.0525373134

controldesnutridare-alim.pesodist.cad-tob.pesodist.cad-tob.pesodist.cad-tob.26.133333333321.276866666715.2528.817033333320.02553.8391666667120.81416581631.88964153012.6885975864

Edad (das)Xpeso13.61666666670.57489.8250.50448.3750.41437.2521.791933333318.517.483542857135.7515.8043888889190.58501834450.94505637070.4420808081

513.61666666679.8258.37526.13333333330.740815.250.837777777820.0250.628333333367.583333333327.981166666721.87515.937676190558.4527.6244444444260.41402466090.7285794830.4726166714

1226.133333333315.2520.02537.250.997619047618.50.70635.750.7714285714124.816666666729.579066666747.42523.909062510119.8545416667340.23698010420.50414470220.1965796205

1937.2518.535.7567.58333333331.411666666721.8750.793333333358.450.9616524.992848.32523.8224904762163.520.0558333333400.15147151520.49296410710.1226656473

2667.583333333321.87558.45124.81666666671.748333333347.4250.99351011.2854166667227.083333333327.883166666764.7520.9457428571227.919.7743333333470.12278825690.32348637620.0867675881

34124.816666666747.4251011652.223636363648.3251.1545833333163.51.7786956522268.524.980886.617.1015047619282.4514.442375540.09303836130.19747696030.0511325013

4016548.325163.5227.08333333332.081264.751.0236363636227.91.8226315789319.528.6433111.57527.1999350.7518.299875610.08965039120.2437813130.0521735567

47227.083333333364.75227.9268.52.2037586.61.1986956522282.451.74

54268.586.6282.45319.52.5878947368111.5751.768350.752.1970625

61319.5111.575350.75

distancia cadera-tobillo

Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMENEdad (das)desn. (%)re-alim (%)

50.57480.50440.414587.752261656272.0250521921

120.74080.83777777780.628333333312113.090952723884.8182145428PESOAngulo extensionAng. Ext-rodilla

190.99761904760.7060.77142857141970.7684964277.3269689737ControlDesnutridasRealimentadasEdad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN

261.41166666670.79333333330.962656.198347107468.004722550213.616666666734.94759.82540.5358.37576.497552.56652386784.12569974559.1340298507

341.74833333330.99351.28541666673456.825548141173.522402287926.133333333335.855915.2546.930966666720.02572.8625121.37203698983.07744043723.638576779

controldesnre-alim402.22363636361.15458333331.77869565224051.923207958679.990401365137.2539.333718.527.631019047635.7534.9732222222191.0559382551.49356859720.9782719503

pesodist-cad-tobpesodist-cad-tobpesodist-cad-tob472.08121.02363636361.82263157894749.184910803287.575993606967.583333333350.126616666721.87528.398914285758.4540.5283333333260.74170086311.29823608160.6933846593

513.61666666670.57489.8250.50448.3750.414542.203751.19869565221.745454.393449900178.956324447124.816666666749.604161904847.42536.2512510140.951702381340.39741617230.76439114390.4054623998

1226.13333333330.740815.250.837777777820.0250.6283333333612.58789473681.7682.19706256168.318080130284.897676428716542.914448.32540.955552381163.547.7883333333400.26008727270.84750237730.2922833843

1937.250.997619047618.50.70635.750.7714285714227.083333333341.20964.7531.8279714286227.945.335470.18147082570.49155168230.1989249671

2667.58333333331.411666666721.8750.793333333358.450.96268.546.267886.631.5855238095282.4548.4881666667540.17231955310.36472891240.1716699121

34124.81666666671.748333333347.4250.99351011.2854166667319.545.0204111.57542.8018350.7559.259375610.14090892020.3836146090.1689504633

401652.223636363648.3251.1545833333163.51.7786956522

47227.08333333332.081264.751.0236363636227.91.8226315789

54268.52.2037586.61.1986956522282.451.74

61319.52.5878947368111.5751.768350.752.1970625

inicioAng. Pata inicio balanceo/peso

Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN

13.6166666667248.63769.825255.64583333338.375257.6864285714518.259799265626.019932145930.7685287846

26.1333333333239.424814814815.25243.695909090920.025243.6975129.161663832215.980059612512.1696629213

37.25242.086418.5237.602631578935.75242.63196.498963758412.84338549086.7868531469

67.5833333333241.069583333321.875236.006216216258.45237.5242105263263.566997533910.78885559854.0637161767

124.8166666667237.717307692347.425245.3527272727101243.1766666667341.90453177485.17348924142.407689769

165234.105833333348.325241.7557575758163.5236.3604401.41882323235.00270579571.4456293578

Ratas Re-alimentadas (promedios por edad de Vida)227.0833333333235.209166666764.75242.9192592593227.9233.47471.03578348623.75164879161.0244405441

RATASANGULO E1ANGULO F268.5231.5587586.6240.6696296296282.45236.3570833333540.86241620112.77909503040.8368103499

517.1976.4975319.5237.5645111.575241.6008333333350.75235.3628571429610.74355086072.16536709240.6710273903

1253.839166666772.8625

1915.804388888934.9732222222

2627.624444444440.5283333333

3419.854541666740.951702381

4020.055833333347.7883333333

4719.774333333345.335

5414.44237548.4881666667

6118.29987559.259375

Ratas Desnutridas (promedios por edad de Vida)desndesnfinal

RATASANGULO E1ANGULO Ftamao corp.dist-cad-tobCuerpo/piernacuerpo/cabezaAng. Final-balanceo/peso

540.53531.218944444455.12101580950.504410.15268796492.252688172Edad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN

1246.930966666728.8170333333126.59274193550.83777777787.86932061261.928949096913.6166666667201.16249.825187.87833333338.375190.3307142857514.7732484719.122476675122.7260554371

1927.631019047617.4835428571198.68750.70612.30524079321.538333333326.1333333333168.207307692315.25171.183181818220.025178.50625126.436504120911.22512667668.9141697878

2628.398914285715.9376761905268.83522727270.793333333311.13684110011.606200251437.25179.77518.5186.640789473735.75180.6317647059194.826174496610.08869132295.052636775

3436.2512523.90906253410.73295454550.993510.80317518421.727911494467.5833333333177.121.875190.582702702758.45179.6073684211262.62046855738.71235212363.0728377831

4040.95555238123.82249047624012.40853658541.154583333310.74719877481.8517206005124.8166666667175.381538461547.425189.1245454545101174.9155555556341.40511314033.98786600851.7318371837

4731.827971428620.94574285714711.96808510641.023636363611.69173500621.9993704398165169.825416666748.325192.76163.5172.7376401.02924494953.98882565961.0564990826

5431.585523809517.10150476195413.39673913041.198695652211.17609720712.0698593074227.0833333333167.57564.75184.09227.9166.5080952381470.73794495412.84308880310.7306191103

6142.801827.19996116.63265306121.7689.40760919753.0035260108268.5169.2362586.6173.8625925926282.45167.77625540.63030260712.00765118470.5940033634

desn319.5169.908111.575169.2420833333350.75168.835610.53179342721.51684591830.4813542409

Tamao troncodist-cad-tobtronco/pierna

Ratas Control (promedios por edad de Vida)53.5364111050.50447.011124316

RATASANGULO E1ANGULO F124.33467741940.83777777785.1740181398

534.947516.6895833333195.250.7067.4362606232

1235.855921.2768666667265.42613636360.79333333336.8396676853

1939.333721.7919333333346.80744949490.99356.8519874131

2650.126616666727.9811666667408.04878048781.15458333336.971155962

3449.604161904829.5790666667477.92553191491.02363636367.7425267375

4042.914424.9928549.02173913041.19869565227.5262966993diferenciainicial-finalArco de la zancadaDif. Ang. Inicial-final/peso

4741.20927.88316666676112.47448979591.7687.0557068981pesopesopeso

5446.267824.9808controldesnutre-alimEdad (das)CONTROLDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN

6145.020428.643313.616666666748.249.82565.75568.37570.209090909153.54271725836.69268193388.3831750339

26.133333333368.908461538515.2570.643478260920.02558.8761538462122.63680337524.63235923022.9401325266

37.2560.391538461518.550.15635.7559.5088888889191.62124935472.71113513511.6645843046

67.583333333361.940370370421.87544.867857142958.4557.42260.91650363062.05110204080.9823781009

124.816666666761.259629629647.42555.464166666710167.4185714286340.49079687241.16951326660.6675106082

EDADAng. Flexion (Fase balanceo)Angulo FlexinEDADAng. Flexion (Fase balanceo)EDADF16562.112307692348.32548.6638235294163.563.3153846154400.37643822841.00701135080.3872500588

FControlDesnutridasRealimentadasPESOControlDesnutridasRealimentadasFdesn (%)re-alim (%)227.083333333367.283461538564.7558.458227.966.2668181818470.29629414260.90282625480.2907714707

516.689583333331.218944444417.19ControlDesnutridasRealimentadas516.689583333331.218944444417.195187.0564640286102.9983772313268.561.857286.666.9731034483282.4567.5756540.23038063310.77336147170.2392480085

1221.276866666728.817033333353.839166666713.616666666716.68958333339.82531.21894444448.37517.191221.276866666728.817033333353.839166666712135.4383320852253.0408612797319.567.2857142857111.57571.79875350.7567.232610.21059691480.64350212860.1916806842

1921.791933333317.483542857115.804388888926.133333333321.276866666715.2528.817033333320.02553.83916666671921.791933333317.483542857115.80438888891980.229425217672.524032848

2627.981166666715.937676190527.624444444437.2521.791933333318.517.483542857135.7515.80438888892627.981166666715.937676190527.62444444442656.958583537198.7251345647

3429.579066666723.909062519.854541666767.583333333327.981166666721.87515.937676190558.4527.62444444443429.579066666723.909062519.85454166673480.831024080167.1236245904

4024.992823.822490476220.0558333333124.816666666729.579066666747.42523.909062510119.85454166674024.992823.822490476220.05583333334095.317413319880.2464443093

4727.883166666720.945742857119.774333333316524.992848.32523.8224904762163.520.05583333334727.883166666720.945742857119.77433333334775.119670256870.9185350779

5424.980817.101504761914.442375227.083333333327.883166666764.7520.9457428571227.919.77433333335424.980817.101504761914.4423755468.458595248857.81390107613.6166666667-47.4752-3.4865507956

6128.643327.199918.299875268.524.980886.617.1015047619282.4514.4423756128.643327.199918.2998756194.960776167663.888850097626.1333333333-71.2175071225-2.7251597113

319.528.6433111.57527.1999350.7518.29987537.25-62.3114-1.6727892617

EDADAngulo extension (Fase de balanceo)EDADAngulo extension (Fase de balanceo)EDADE167.5833333333-63.9695833333-0.9465289766

E1ControlDesnutridasRealimentadasPESOAngulo extensionControlDesnutridasRealimentadasE1desn (%)re-alim (%)124.8166666667-62.3357692308-0.4994186345

534.947540.53576.4975ControlDesnutridasRealimentadas534.947540.53576.49755115.9882681165218.8926246513165-64.2804166667-0.3895782828

1235.855946.930966666772.862513.616666666734.94759.82540.5358.37576.49751235.855946.930966666772.862512130.8877107161203.2092347424227.0833333333-67.6341666667-0.2978385321

1939.333727.631019047634.973222222226.133333333335.855915.2546.930966666720.02572.86251939.333727.631019047634.97322222221970.247698659588.9141428908268.5-62.3225-0.232113594

2650.126616666728.398914285740.528333333337.2539.333718.527.631019047635.7534.97322222222650.126616666728.398914285740.52833333332656.65436084580.8519226479319.5-67.6565-0.2117574335

3449.604161904836.2512540.95170238167.583333333350.126616666721.87528.398914285758.4540.52833333333449.604161904836.2512540.9517023813473.081065394582.5569887857

4042.914440.95555238147.7883333333124.816666666749.604161904847.42536.2512510140.9517023814042.914440.95555238147.78833333334095.4354537893111.3573377079

4741.20931.827971428645.33516542.914448.32540.955552381163.547.78833333334741.20931.827971428645.3354777.2354860069110.01237593739.825-67.7675-6.8974554707

5446.267831.585523809548.4881666667227.083333333341.20964.7531.8279714286227.945.3355446.267831.585523809548.48816666675468.2667509791104.798945847115.25-72.5127272727-4.7549329359

6145.020442.801859.259375268.546.267886.631.5855238095282.4548.48816666676145.020442.801859.2593756195.0720117991131.627828717618.5-50.9618421053-2.7546941679

319.545.0204111.57542.8018350.7559.25937521.875-45.4235135135-2.0765034749

47.425-56.2281818182-1.1856232329

48.325-48.9957575758-1.0138801361

64.75-58.8292592593-0.9085599886

Ratas Re-alimentadas (promedios por edad de Vida)86.6-66.807037037-0.7714438457

RATASABDiferencia111.575-72.35875-0.6485211741

5193.922116.57877.338

12249.4558333333168.907575.4991666667

19246.935192.266666666754.66611111118.375-67.3557142857-8.0424733475

26235.9941071429164.542285714360.517869047620.025-65.19125-3.2554931336

34243.3044642857180.697261904862.436428571435.75-61.9982352941-1.7342163719

40237.1496875171.644166666765.500416666758.45-57.9168421053-0.9908783936

47234.5556666667166.4797568.0980833333101-68.2611111111-0.6758525853

54237.1836666667169.415416666767.73975163.5-63.6228-0.3891302752

61236.4505170.996333333365.4469444444227.9-66.9619047619-0.2938214338

282.45-68.5808333333-0.2428069865

Ratas Desnutridas (promedios por edad de Vida)350.75-66.5278571429-0.1896731494

RatasABDiferencia

5254.7510333333185.905666666767.5069

12231.1337158.999272.1301

19238.1473108225187.021133333351.1376701299

26235.4929298701191.4100432944.0160900433

34245.6973333333189.625916666756.0650833333

40241.4595857143193.842478571447.6135285714

47243.1011809524184.620257.20046666

54240.3343809524174.337285714365.9940380952

61242.2308169.195971.0325

long. zancarco zanclong. zancarco zanc.long. zancarco zanc

CONTROLcontrolDESNUTRIdesn.RE-ALIMENre-alim.

3.180337481148.243.114811066165.75566.755039149970.2090909091

4.346666666768.90846153853.861924780470.64347826098.23558.8761538462

Ratas Control (promedios por edad de Vida)7.258460.39153846156.915298024250.1567.005181467259.5088888889

RatasABDiferencia7.838529411861.94037037047.155499259944.86785714298.947168964757.42

5248.9495196.306785714352.6291428571Vang A9.081153846261.25962962968.890507097455.46416666678.964143119367.4185714286

12237.8205555556165.71572.0856944444ControlDesnutridasRealimentadas11.515454545562.112307692310.29815490348.663823529411.145855418763.3153846154

19239.6980833333179.238203703760.455055555613.6166666667248.94959.825254.75103333338.375193.922Vang A10.720769230867.283461538511.431816944358.45811.466494284666.2668181818

26236.91675177.470726190559.295678571426.1333333333237.820555555615.25231.133720.025249.4558333333CONTROLControlDESNUTRIDesnutridasRE-ALIMENRealimentadas10.857916666761.857211.050941034866.973103448311.989274045467.5756

34238.6901984127178.077523809560.606888888937.25239.698083333318.5238.147310822535.75246.9353.1803374811248.94953.1148110661254.75103333336.7550391499193.92212.62937567.285714285712.141080426271.7987513.489421391467.232

40234.964174.700916666760.259666666767.5833333333236.9167521.875235.492929870158.45235.99410714294.3466666667237.82055555563.8619247804231.13378.235249.4558333333

47237.1557777778168.846972222268.3032222222124.8166666667238.690198412747.425245.6973333333101243.30446428577.2584239.69808333336.9152980242238.14731082257.0051814672246.935

54233.793169.404583333364.3810833333165234.96448.325241.4595857143163.5237.14968757.8385294118236.916757.1554992599235.49292987018.9471689647235.9941071429

61239.0280555556169.780555555669.1274444444227.0833333333237.155777777864.75243.1011809524227.9234.55566666679.0811538462238.69019841278.8905070974245.69733333338.9641431193243.3044642857

268.5233.79386.6240.3343809524282.45237.183666666711.5154545455234.96410.298154903241.459585714311.1458554187237.1496875

319.5239.0280555556111.575242.2308350.75236.450510.7207692308237.155777777811.4318169443243.101180952411.4664942846234.5556666667

EDAD10.8579166667233.79311.0509410348240.334380952411.9892740454237.1836666667

ngulo AControlDesnutridasRealimentadas12.629375239.028055555612.1410804262242.230813.4894213914236.4505controlarco zanctroncoarco zanc.re-alim.arco zanc

5248.9495254.7510333333193.922troncocontroldesndesn.troncore-alim.

12237.8205555556231.1337249.4558333333Vang B4.340796019948.243.53641110565.7556470.2090909091

19239.6980833333238.1473108225246.935ControlDesnutridasRealimentadas5.392156862768.90846153854.334677419470.64347826095.080645161358.8761538462

26236.91675235.4929298701235.994107142913.6166666667196.30678571439.825185.90566666678.375116.578Vang B6.42605633860.39153846155.2550.1566.420454545559.5088888889

34238.6901984127245.6973333333243.304464285726.1333333333165.71515.25158.999220.025168.9075CONTROLControlDESNUTRIDesnutridasRE-ALIMENRealimentadas7.986111111161.94037037045.426136363644.86785714298.222222222257.42

40234.964241.4595857143237.149687537.25179.238203703718.5187.021133333335.75192.26666666673.1803374811196.30678571433.1148110661185.90566666676.7550391499116.5789.473684210561.25962962966.807449494955.464166666710.271739130467.4185714286

47237.1557777778243.1011809524234.555666666767.5833333333177.470726190521.875191.4100432958.45164.54228571434.3466666667165.7153.8619247804158.99928.235168.907511.79824561462.11230769238.048780487848.663823529411.363636363663.3153846154

54233.793240.3343809524237.1836666667124.8166666667178.077523809547.425189.6259166667101180.69726190487.2584179.23820370376.9152980242187.02113333337.0051814672192.266666666713.114406779767.28346153857.925531914958.45813.055555555666.2668181818

61239.0280555556242.2308236.4505165174.700916666748.325193.8424785714163.5171.64416666677.8385294118177.47072619057.1554992599191.410043298.9471689647164.542285714314.152542372961.85729.021739130466.973103448313.138297872367.5756

227.0833333333168.846972222264.75184.6202227.9166.479759.0811538462178.07752380958.8905070974189.62591666678.9641431193180.697261904815.153508771967.285714285712.474489795971.7987514.565217391367.232

268.5169.404583333386.6174.3372857143282.45169.415416666711.5154545455174.700916666710.298154903193.842478571411.1458554187171.6441666667

319.5169.7805555556111.575169.1959350.75170.996333333310.7207692308168.846972222211.4318169443184.620211.4664942846166.47975

10.8579166667169.404583333311.0509410348174.337285714311.9892740454169.4154166667

12.629375169.780555555612.1410804262169.195913.4894213914170.9963333333

controlarco zanccuerpoarco zanc.re-alimarco zanc

EDADcuerpocontroldesndesn.cuerpore-alim.

ngulo BControlDesnutridasRealimentadas6.616915422948.245.121015809565.7556670.2090909091

5196.3067857143185.9056666667116.5788.296568627568.90846153856.592741935570.64347826097.558.8761538462

12165.715158.9992168.90759.876760563460.39153846158.687550.1569.602272727359.5088888889

19179.2382037037187.0211333333192.266666666711.684027777861.94037037048.835227272744.867857142911.611111111157.42

26177.4707261905191.41004329164.542285714313.7561.259629629610.732954545555.464166666713.967391304367.4185714286

34178.0775238095189.6259166667180.697261904816.535087719362.112307692312.408536585448.663823529415.397727272763.3153846154

40174.7009166667193.8424785714171.644166666717.43644067867.283461538511.968085106458.45816.944444444466.2668181818

47168.8469722222184.6202166.4797518.771186440761.857213.396739130466.973103448318.723404255367.5756

54169.4045833333174.3372857143169.415416666720.065789473767.285714285716.632653061271.7987519.40217391367.232

61169.7805555556169.1959170.9963333333inicio

13.6166666667248.63769.825255.64583333338.375257.6864285714

26.1333333333239.424814814815.25243.695909090920.025243.6975controlarco zancpiernaarco zanc.re-alim.arco zanc

37.25242.086418.5237.602631578935.75242.63piernacontroldesndesn.piernare-alim.

67.5833333333241.069583333321.875236.006216216258.45237.52421052630.574848.240.504465.75560.41470.2090909091

124.8166666667237.717307692347.425245.3527272727101243.17666666670.740868.90846153850.837777777870.64347826090.628333333358.8761538462

165234.105833333348.325241.7557575758163.5236.36040.997619047660.39153846150.70650.1560.771428571459.5088888889

227.0833333333235.209166666764.75242.9192592593227.9233.471.411666666761.94037037040.793333333344.86785714290.9657.42

268.5231.5587586.6240.6696296296282.45236.35708333331.748333333361.25962962960.993555.46416666671.285416666767.4185714286

319.5237.5645111.575241.6008333333350.75235.36285714292.223636363662.11230769231.154583333348.66382352941.778695652263.3153846154

2.081267.28346153851.023636363658.4581.822631578966.2668181818

2.2037561.85721.198695652266.97310344831.7467.5756

2.587894736867.28571428571.76871.798752.197062567.232

INICIAL

CONTROLDESNRE-ALIM

5248.6376255.6458333333257.6864285714

12239.4248148148243.6959090909243.6975

19242.0864237.6026315789242.63

26241.0695833333236.0062162162237.5242105263

34237.7173076923245.3527272727243.1766666667

40234.1058333333241.7557575758236.3604

47235.2091666667242.9192592593233.47

54231.55875240.6696296296236.3570833333long. zancarco zancgrados/longlong. zancarco zanc.grados/longlong. zancarco zancgrados/long

60237.5645241.6008333333235.3628571429CONTROLcontrolcontrolDESNUTRIdesn.DESNUTRIRE-ALIMENre-alim.RE-ALIMEN

3.180337481148.2415.1682015783.114811066165.755621.11062231536.755039149970.209090909110.393587565

4.346666666768.908461538515.85317366683.861924780470.643478260918.2922978258.23558.87615384627.1495025921

7.258460.39153846158.32022738646.915298024250.1567.25290505557.005181467259.50888888898.4949817742

7.838529411861.94037037047.90203967057.155499259944.86785714296.27040203818.947168964757.426.4176724757

9.081153846261.25962962966.74579801948.890507097455.46416666676.23858302568.964143119367.41857142867.5209164481

11.515454545562.11230769235.393821620110.29815490348.66382352944.725489564711.145855418763.31538461545.6806213823

10.720769230867.28346153856.275991963811.431816944358.4585.1136228211.466494284666.26681818185.7791698611

FINAL10.857916666761.85725.696967650311.050941034866.97310344836.060398226511.989274045467.57565.6363379254

CONTROLDESNRE-ALIM12.62937567.28571428575.327715289612.141080426271.798755.913703515613.489421391467.2324.9840536558

5201.1624187.8783333333190.3307142857

12168.2073076923171.1831818182178.50625

19179.775186.6407894737180.6317647059

26177.1190.5827027027179.6073684211

34175.3815384615189.1245454545174.9155555556grados/longgrados/longgrados/long

40169.8254166667192.76172.7376finalcontrolDESNUTRIRE-ALIMEN

47167.575184.09166.5080952381INICIAL515.16820157821.110622315310.393587565

54169.23625173.8625925926167.77625CONTROLDESNRE-ALIMEdadDESN (%)RE-ALIM (%)1215.853173666818.2922978257.1495025921

61169.908169.2420833333168.83513.6166666667201.16249.825187.87833333338.375190.33071428575248.6376255.6458333333257.68642857145102.8186538695103.6393645094198.32022738647.25290505558.4949817742

26.1333333333168.207307692315.25171.183181818220.025178.5062512239.4248148148243.6959090909243.697512101.7838979136101.7845623849267.90203967056.27040203816.4176724757

37.25179.77518.5186.640789473735.75180.631764705919242.0864237.6026315789242.631998.1478643901100.22454793346.74579801946.23858302567.5209164481

67.5833333333177.121.875190.582702702758.45179.607368421126241.0695833333236.0062162162237.52421052632697.8996242398.5293155785405.39382162014.72548956475.6806213823

124.8166666667175.381538461547.425189.1245454545101174.915555555634237.7173076923245.3527272727243.176666666734103.2119746158102.2965761422476.27599196385.113622825.7791698611

165169.825416666748.325192.76163.5172.737640234.1058333333241.7557575758236.360440103.2677204722100.963054459545.69696765036.06039822655.6363379254

227.0833333333167.57564.75184.09227.9166.508095238147235.2091666667242.9192592593233.4747103.277972836699.2605872078605.32771528965.91370351564.9840536558

268.5169.2362586.6173.8625925926282.45167.7762554231.55875240.6696296296236.357083333354103.934586635102.0721883035

319.5169.908111.575169.2420833333350.75168.83560237.5645241.6008333333235.362857142960101.699047346499.0732441686

dif. Angulos inicial-final del balanceo

controldesnre-alim

548.2465.755670.2090909091pesogrados/longpesogrados/longpesogrados/long

1268.908461538570.643478260958.8761538462controlcontroldesnDESNUTRIre-alim.RE-ALIMEN

1960.391538461550.15659.508888888913.616666666715.1682015789.82521.11062231538.37510.393587565

2661.940370370444.867857142957.42FINAL26.133333333315.853173666815.2518.29229782520.0257.1495025921

3461.259629629655.464166666767.4185714286diferenciaCONTROLDESNRE-ALIMEdadDESN (%)RE-ALIM (%)37.258.320227386418.57.252905055535.758.4949817742

4062.112307692348.663823529463.31538461545201.1624187.8783333333190.3307142857593.396347097394.61545213567.58333333337.902039670521.8756.270402038158.456.4176724757

4767.283461538558.45866.266818181812168.2073076923171.1831818182178.5062512101.7691705353106.1227674641124.81666666676.745798019447.4256.23858302561017.5209164481

5461.857266.973103448367.575613.616666666748.249.82565.75568.37570.209090909119179.775186.6407894737180.631764705919103.8191013621100.47657611231655.393821620148.3254.7254895647163.55.6806213823

6167.285714285771.7987567.23226.133333333368.908461538515.2570.643478260920.02558.876153846226177.1190.5827027027179.607368421126107.6130450043101.4157924455227.08333333336.275991963864.755.11362282227.95.7791698611

37.2560.391538461518.550.15635.7559.508888888934175.3815384615189.1245454545174.915555555634107.836062514799.7343033309268.55.696967650386.66.0603982265282.455.6363379254

67.583333333361.940370370421.87544.867857142958.4557.4240169.8254166667192.76172.737640113.5048002728101.7148100623319.55.3277152896111.5755.9137035156350.754.9840536558

124.816666666761.259629629647.42555.464166666710167.418571428647167.575184.09166.508095238147109.855288676799.3633270106

16562.112307692348.32548.6638235294163.563.315384615454169.23625173.8625925926167.7762554102.733659362399.137300667

227.083333333367.283461538564.7558.458227.966.266818181860169.908169.2420833333168.8356099.608072211699.3684817666

268.561.857286.666.9731034483282.4567.5756

319.567.2857142857111.57571.79875350.7567.232

angulo de flexion de la rodilla

duracion de la flexion y la extension durante la fase de balanceoAngulo Flexin

dif. Angulos inicial-final del balanceocontroltroncore-alim.

controldesn.re-alim.controldesnre-alimdesn (%)re-alim (%)troncoControldesnDesnutridastroncoRealimentadas

FF (S)F548.2465.755670.20909090915136.3092868988145.54123322784.340796019916.68958333333.53641110531.2189444444417.19

50.068750.1430.082751268.908461538570.643478260958.876153846212102.517857290285.44110916385.392156862721.27686666674.334677419428.81703333335.080645161353.8391666667

120.057750.07376470590.0536251960.391538461550.15659.50888888891983.051369906698.53845489766.42605633821.79193333335.2517.48354285716.420454545515.8043888889

190.047520.04902857140.04182661.940370370444.867857142957.422672.437179297792.70206112217.986111111127.98116666675.426136363615.93767619058.222222222227.6244444444

260.05823529410.03994736840.04270588243461.259629629655.464166666767.41857142863490.5395070163110.05383453379.473684210529.57906666676.807449494923.909062510.271739130419.8545416667

340.04696153850.04840.04442307694062.112307692348.663823529463.31538461544078.3481170439101.936938052711.79824561424.99288.048780487823.822490476211.363636363620.0558333333

400.04950.04437931030.04242857144767.283461538558.45866.26681818184786.883163653298.489014486813.114406779727.88316666677.925531914920.945742857113.055555555619.7743333333

470.04569230770.04522222220.04242857145461.857266.973103448367.575654108.2705060175109.244518018914.152542372924.98089.021739130417.101504761913.138297872314.442375

540.0508750.042240.04242857146167.285714285771.7987567.23261106.707271762299.920169851415.153508771928.643312.474489795927.199914.565217391318.299875

610.05156250.0588260870.044

controldesn.re-alim.controlAngulo extensiontroncore-alim.

E1E1 (S)E1troncoControldesnDesnutridastroncoRealimentadas

50.0838750.15216666670.15208333334.340796019934.94753.53641110540.535476.4975

120.101750.10482352940.17455.392156862735.85594.334677419446.93096666675.080645161372.8625

190.07920.07165714290.04626.42605633839.33375.2527.63101904766.420454545534.9732222222

260.0660.05731578950.05634705887.986111111150.12661666675.426136363628.39891428578.222222222240.5283333333

340.05965384620.06380.06853846159.473684210549.60416190486.807449494936.2512510.271739130440.951702381

400.0630.0671379310.069142857111.79824561442.91448.048780487840.95555238111.363636363647.7883333333

470.05838461540.07577777780.070714285713.114406779741.2097.925531914931.827971428613.055555555645.335

540.0770.058080.062857142914.152542372946.26789.021739130431.585523809513.138297872348.4881666667

610.0701250.0731739130.075222222215.153508771945.020412.474489795942.801814.565217391359.259375

controlarco zanctroncoarco zanc.re-alim.arco zanc

troncocontroldesndesn.troncore-alim.

4.340796019948.243.53641110565.7556470.2090909091

5.392156862768.90846153854.334677419470.64347826095.080645161358.8761538462

EDADAng. Flexion (Fase balanceo)Angulo extension (Fase de balanceo)6.42605633860.39153846155.2550.1566.420454545559.5088888889

FControlDesnutridasRe-aliment.ControlDesnutridasRealimentadas7.986111111161.94037037045.426136363644.86785714298.222222222257.42

516.6831.2117.1934.9440.5376.499.473684210561.25962962966.807449494955.464166666710.271739130467.4185714286

1221.2728.8153.8335.8546.9372.8611.79824561462.11230769238.048780487848.663823529411.363636363663.3153846154

1921.7917.4815.839.3327.6334.9713.114406779767.28346153857.925531914958.45813.055555555666.2668181818

2627.9815.9327.6250.1228.3940.5214.152542372961.85729.021739130466.973103448313.138297872367.5756

3429.5723.919.8549.636.2540.9515.153508771967.285714285712.474489795971.7987514.565217391367.232

4024.9923.8220.0542.9140.9547.78

4727.8820.9419.7741.2131.8245.33

5424.9817.114.4446.2631.5848.48

6128.6427.1918.2945.0242.859.25

Hoja2

3.18033748113.11481106616.7550391499

4.34666666673.86192478048.235

7.25846.91529802427.0051814672

7.83852941187.15549925998.9471689647

9.08115384628.89050709748.9641431193

11.515454545510.29815490311.1458554187

10.720769230811.431816944311.4664942846

10.857916666711.050941034811.9892740454

12.62937512.141080426213.4894213914

control

desnut

re-aliment.

distancia cadera-tobillo (cm)

long. zancada

Hoja3

3.18033748113.11481106616.7550391499

4.34666666673.86192478048.235

7.25846.91529802427.0051814672

7.83852941187.15549925998.9471689647

9.08115384628.89050709748.9641431193

11.515454545510.29815490311.1458554187

10.720769230811.431816944311.4664942846

10.857916666711.050941034811.9892740454

12.62937512.141080426213.4894213914

control

desnut

re-aliment.

peso (gr)

longitud de la zancada

1.10551.4191.1551666667

0.6503751.23847058821.07

0.345840.35828571430.4672

0.41152941180.26139473680.3508235294

0.36557692310.29920.3823076923

0.38550.26855172410.3608571429

0.40361538460.30311111110.3736190476

0.475250.34320.4981428571

0.46818750.43904347830.4658888889

control

desnut.

re-aliment.

peso (gr.)

Duracin de la zancada (s)

2.91327655062.40921384275.8510356498

6.92446899193.31883709588.2489383849

21.526390108219.937429627917.1635408214

19.816597519128.74683195926.5828756974

25.628185640630.162077826723.8151939887

28.836816559339.670910438532.0111090184

26.905455849538.803801516931.2238610021

22.842719708533.170655740626.6923988543

27.476762811229.87473186830.5456603908

control

desnut.

re-aliment.

peso (gr)

Velocidad de la zancada (cm/s)

0.1526250.29516666670.23525

0.15950.17858823530.2285

0.126720.12068571430.0902

0.12423529410.09726315790.099

0.10661538460.11220.1131153846

0.11250.11151724140.1115714286

0.10407692310.1210.1131428571

0.1278750.100320.1053809524

0.12168750.1320.1175

control

desnut.

re-aliment.

peso (gr)

Duracin fase balanceo (s)

0.9528751.12383333330.9195833333

0.4908750.35597241510.2725949376

0.219120.23760.3630666667

0.28729411760.16413157890.2552941176

0.25896153850.1870.2662692308

0.2730.15703448280.249047619

0.29953846150.18211111110.2602380952

0.3473750.242880.3923809524

0.34650.30704347830.348

control

desnut.

re-aliment.

peso (gr)

Duracin fase soporte

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

control

desnut.

re-aliment.

Edad (das)

Duracin de la zancada (s)

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

control

desnut.

re-aliment.

Edad (das)

Velocidad de la zancada (cm/s)

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

control

desnut.

re-aliment.

Edad (das)

Duracin fase balanceo (s)

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

control

desnut.

re-aliment.

Edad (das)

Duracin fase soporte (s)

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

control

desnut.

re-aliment.

Edad (das)

Distancia cadera-tobillo (cm)

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

000

control

desnut.

re-aliment.

Edad (das)

Longitud de la zancada (cm)

13.61666666679.8258.375

26.133333333315.2520.025

37.2518.535.75

67.583333333321.87558.45

124.816666666747.425101

16548.325163.5

227.083333333364.75227.9

268.586.6282.45

319.5111.575350.75

control

desnut.

re-aliment.

Edad (das)

Peso (g)

0.57480.50440.414

0.74080.83777777780.6283333333

0.99761904760.7060.7714285714

1.41166666670.79333333330.96

1.74833333330.99351.2854166667

2.22363636361.15458333331.7786956522

2.08121.02363636361.8226315789

2.203751.19869565221.74

2.58789473681.7682.1970625

control

desnut.

re-aliment.

Peso (gr)

Distancia cadera-tobillo (cm)

16.689583333331.218944444417.19

21.276866666728.817033333353.8391666667

21.791933333317.483542857115.8043888889

27.981166666715.937676190527.6244444444

29.579066666723.909062519.8545416667

24.992823.822490476220.0558333333

27.883166666720.945742857119.7743333333

24.980817.101504761914.442375

28.643327.199918.299875

control

desn.

re-alim.

Edad (das)

Ang. flexin

34.947540.53576.4975

35.855946.930966666772.8625

39.333727.631019047634.9732222222

50.126616666728.398914285740.5283333333

49.604161904836.2512540.951702381

42.914440.95555238147.7883333333

41.20931.827971428645.335

46.267831.585523809548.4881666667

45.020442.801859.259375

control

desn.

re-alim.

Edad (das)

Ang. Extension

16.689583333331.218944444417.19

21.276866666728.817033333353.8391666667

21.791933333317.483542857115.8043888889

27.981166666715.937676190527.6244444444

29.579066666723.909062519.8545416667

24.992823.822490476220.0558333333

27.883166666720.945742857119.7743333333

24.980817.101504761914.442375

28.643327.199918.299875

control

desn.

re-alim.

Peso (gr.)

Ang. Flexin

34.947540.53576.4975

35.855946.930966666772.8625

39.333727.631019047634.9732222222

50.126616666728.398914285740.5283333333

49.604161904836.2512540.951702381

42.914440.95555238147.7883333333

41.20931.827971428645.335

46.267831.585523809548.4881666667

45.020442.801859.259375

control

desn.

re-alim.

Peso (gr.)

Ang. Extensin

248.9495254.7510333333193.922

237.8205555556231.1337249.4558333333

239.6980833333238.1473108225246.935

236.91675235.4929298701235.9941071429

238.6901984127245.6973333333243.3044642857

234.964241.4595857143237.1496875

237.1557777778243.1011809524234.5556666667

233.793240.3343809524237.1836666667

239.0280555556242.2308236.4505

control

desn.

re-alim.

Edad (das)

Vang. fase balanceo

196.3067857143185.9056666667116.578

165.715158.9992168.9075

179.2382037037187.0211333333192.2666666667

177.4707261905191.41004329164.5422857143

178.0775238095189.6259166667180.6972619048

174.7009166667193.8424785714171.6441666667

168.8469722222184.6202166.47975

169.4045833333174.3372857143169.4154166667

169.7805555556169.1959170.9963333333

control

desn.

re-alim.

Edad (das)

Vang. Fase soporte

248.9495254.7510333333193.922

237.8205555556231.1337249.4558333333

239.6980833333238.1473108225246.935

236.91675235.4929298701235.9941071429

238.6901984127245.6973333333243.3044642857

234.964241.4595857143237.1496875

237.1557777778243.1011809524234.5556666667

233.793240.3343809524237.1836666667

239.0280555556242.2308236.4505

control

desn.

re-alim.

Peso (gr.)

Vang. Fase Balanceo

196.3067857143185.9056666667116.578

165.715158.9992168.9075

179.2382037037187.0211333333192.2666666667

177.4707261905191.41004329164.5422857143

178.0775238095189.6259166667180.6972619048

174.7009166667193.8424785714171.6441666667

168.8469722222184.6202166.47975

169.4045833333174.3372857143169.4154166667

169.7805555556169.1959170.9963333333

control

desn.

re-alim.

Peso (gr.)

Vang. Fase Soporte

248.6376255.6458333333257.6864285714

239.4248148148243.6959090909243.6975

242.0864237.6026315789242.63

241.0695833333236.0062162162237.5242105263

237.7173076923245.3527272727243.1766666667

234.1058333333241.7557575758236.3604

235.2091666667242.9192592593233.47

231.55875240.6696296296236.3570833333

237.5645241.6008333333235.3628571429

control

desn.

re-alim.

Edad (das

Angulo inicio balanceo

201.1624187.8783333333190.3307142857

168.2073076923171.1831818182203.50625

179.775186.6407894737180.6317647059

177.1190.5827027027179.6073684211

175.3815384615189.1245454545174.9155555556

169.8254166667192.76172.7376

167.575184.09166.5080952381

169.23625173.8625925926167.77625

169.908169.2420833333168.835

control

desn.

re-alim,

Edad (das)

Angulo final balanceo (grados)

48.2465.755670.2090909091

68.908461538570.643478260958.8761538462

60.391538461550.15659.5088888889

61.940370370444.867857142957.42

61.259629629655.464166666767.4185714286

62.112307692348.663823529463.3153846154

67.283461538558.45866.2668181818

61.857266.973103448367.5756

67.285714285771.7987567.232

control

desn.

re-alim.

Edad (das)

Arco zancada

248.6376255.6458333333257.6864285714

239.4248148148243.6959090909243.6975

242.0864237.6026315789242.63

241.0695833333236.0062162162237.5242105263

237.7173076923245.3527272727243.1766666667

234.1058333333241.7557575758236.3604

235.2091666667242.9192592593233.47

231.55875240.6696296296236.3570833333

237.5645241.6008333333235.3628571429

control

desn.

re-alim.

Peso (gr)

Angulo inicial del balanceo

201.1624187.8783333333190.3307142857

168.2073076923171.1831818182178.50625

179.775186.6407894737180.6317647059

177.1190.5827027027179.6073684211

175.3815384615189.1245454545174.9155555556

169.8254166667192.76172.7376

167.575184.09166.5080952381

169.23625173.8625925926167.77625

169.908169.2420833333168.835

control

desn.

re-alim.

Peso (gr.)

Angulo final del balanceo

48.2465.755670.2090909091

68.908461538570.643478260958.8761538462

60.391538461550.15659.5088888889

61.940370370444.867857142957.42

61.259629629655.464166666767.4185714286

62.


Salas S1 Ver1

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S1 - Generalidades

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Audi A1, Audi A1 Sportback, Audi S1 y Audi S1 Sportbackprensa.audi.es/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Catalogo-A1-MY17-S1-A… · Audi A1, Audi A1 Sportback, Audi S1 y Audi S1 Sportback:

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FACULTAD DE MEDICINA – XALAPA - Universidad … · embriologia s1 hab. del pensamiento s1 demografia s3 dr. rafael limon b. estrategias educ. salud s1 13:00-14:00 embriologia s1

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INFORME Y RESULTADOS AUDITADOS PRIMER SEMESTRE 2014€¦ · S1 2013 S1 2014 S1 2014 Real revisado por Mazars Dif % Real S1 2014 vs. S1 2013 Dif % Real S1 2014 vs. ... Gastos de gestion

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