informe destilación 2015

7/26/2019 Informe Destilacin 2015

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METODO ESTANDAR PARA LA DETERMINACION DE LOS PRODUCTOS DELPETRLEO POR DESTILACION

ERIKA PATRICIA CORDOBA LEY 20111100992JUAN PABLO TOVAR 20121109103

EDGAR LEONEL PERDOMO 20121107771

TRABAJO PRESENTADO EN LA ASIGNATURA

CRUDOS Y DERIVADOS

PROFESORA HAYDEE MORALES

UNIVERSIDA SURCOLOMBIANA

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA

PROGRAMA DE PETRLEOS

NEIVA, NOVIEMBRE

201


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TABLA DE CONTENIDO

1. INTRODUCCION

2. OBJETIVOS

3. ELEMENTOS TERICOS

4. PROCEDIMIENTO

5. TABLA DE DATOS

6. MUESTRA DE CLCULOS

7. TABLA DE RESULTADOS

8. RESPUESTA AL CUESTIONARIO

9. ANLISIS DE RESULTADOS

10. CONCLUSIONES

BIBLIORA!IA


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1! INTRODUCCIN

E" #$ %&'&%()($'*& +, -,' ()/&*,'%(, $ *($'$ +, $*,%%(' #$+ /$*+$&, '($+ )'#(,+ /$" $' *&'& , $"*$ -(, +, ,%*((#,# $'$-*(%, *,'*& #$/,"$" /%*&$" %&)& %&'")(#&$" #$ $"*& #$(, $+ ")& %(#,#&

+& $+$,#&" %&"*&" , +, &, #$ $,+(:, +," $"/$%*(," /$;," $' %,'*&%&'%($'$' , $"*$ /$" /,, +, ('#"*(, $+ /$*+$& '& "$ ", %&)& "$$*,$ #$ +, ',*,+$:, "( '& $ "$ "$/,, $' )$:%+," ), $' ', #$ +," /$;," ),'#& , "$: #$*$)(', +, %,'*(#,# #$ %,#, '& #$ $++&".P& $"*, ,:' , *," #$ $"*, /


4/56

ENERAL?

D$*$)(', $+ /&%$'*,>$ $+ ,'-& #$ #$"*(+,%(' #$ ' %#& $=(',;+$

ESPECI!ICOS

L&-, "$/,, $+ %#& $' )$:%+," )$'&" %&)/+$>," /& )$#(& #$ +,"

#(=$$'%(," #$ "" /'*&" #$ $;++(%('

C&'"*( +, %, ASTM , /,*( #$ +," *$)/$,*," #$ $;++(%('

&+)*(%," +&" &+@)$'$" #$*$)(',#&" $' $+ +,;&,*&(& /&"*$(&)$'*$ %&$-(#&" , *," #$ +, ,/+(%,%(' #$ =)+," -,=(%,"

O;*$'$ +," *$)/$,*," /&)$#(& )&+, )$#(& $' /$"& +&" =,%*&$" #$%,,%*$(:,%(' &/ +," /$'#($'*$" +," -,$#,#$" $"/$%=(%," +&"%,+&$" $$(#&" /,, %,#, ', #$ +," =,%%(&'$" #$*$)(',#," $'$"/$%(,+ /,, $+ %#&.

3! MARCO TERICO

"UE ES LA DESTILACION FRACCIONADA#


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+, #$"*(+,%(' =,%%(&',#, $" ' /&%$"& ="(%& *(+(:,#& /,, "$/,,)$:%+,"-$'$,+)$'*$&)&-'$," #$ +(#&")$#(,'*$ $+ %,+& %&' ' ,)/+(&('*$%,);(& %,+(%&), "$ &;*($'$ ', ""*,'%(, /$#$*$)(',#,. P& $>$)/+&? "$

%,+($'*, $+ %#& ,"*, +&" 100 FC #$ #&'#$ "$ &;*($'$ ',=*, +$-& "$ "(-$%,+$'*,'#& $+ /$*+$& $"*,'*$ /,, &;*$'$ &*," ""*,'%(," ;"%,#," $'*$)/$,*," )


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L$-& #$ $'*, $' +," ;,'#$>," %,#, ""*,'%(, *($'$ , " +-, #$*$)(',#&)($'*," $ $+ $"*& #$+ /$*+$& $ '& "$ $,/& %#& $#%(#& %,$,%(, +, ;,"$.

D$ $"*, ),'$, "$ &;*($'$'? -,"+$&" ACPM $&"$'& *;&"(', ',=*,

-,"$" (%&" $' ;*,'& /&/,'&. L&" #$)


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%! PROCEDIMIENO

D$ ,%$#& %&' +, '&), ASTM D 86G90 $+ /&%$#()($'*& , "$-( /,, +, $,+(:,%(' #$+, /$;, $"*


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5. R$/(*, %,+($ #$"*(+,%(' $ '& %)/+( %&' +& ,'*$(& %&'#(%(&'$".

6. S( $' ,+-@' /'*& #$ +, #$"*(+,%(' "$ &;"$, #$"%&)/&"(%(' #$>$ #$ %,+$'*, /&%$#$ %&)& #((-(#, $' 1.

7. E' $+ ('*$,+& $'*$ $+ /'*& #$ $;++(%(' ('(%(,+ $+ =(',+ #$ +, #$"*(+,%('&;"$, $-("*, +&" #,*&" '$%$",(&" /,, $+ %&. E"*&" #,*&"&;"$,#&" /$#$ ('%+( +$%*," #$+ *$))$*& $' /&%$'*,>$" /$"%(*&" #$+&+)$' $%/$,#& & /&%$'*,>$". R$-("*, *&" +&" &+@)$'$" $' $+ /&"-,#&, /$%("(' #$ 05 & 01 )+ *," +," +$%*," #$+ *$))$*& , /$%("(' #$ 05FC 1F! & 0. 1FC 0.1F! "$-@' "$, ,/&/(,#& /,, $+ ,/,,*& $ "$ *(+(:,.

RUPO OGE' %,"&" $' +&" $ '& , #,*&" $"/$%=(%&" $ '& ,' "(#&

('#(%,#&" $-("*$ +, *$)/$,*, ('(%(,+ #$ $;++(%(' /'*& $+ /'*& =(',+/'*& #$ $;++(%(' =(',+ +$%*," #$+ *$))$*& $' %,#, )@+*(/+& #$10H #$+ &+)$' $%/$,#& , /,*( #$ 10 , 90 ('%+"($.

RUPO 1 2 3 4? E' +&" %,"&" $' +&" $ '& "$ ,++,' ('#(%,#& +&"

#,*&" $"/$%=(%&" $-("*, $+ /'*& #$ $;++(%(' ('(%(,+ $+ /'*& =(',+/'*& #$ $;++(%(' =(',+ & /'*& "$%& & ,);&" +$%*," #$+ *$))$*&, 5 15 85 95H $%/$,#& $' %,#, )@+*(/+$ 10H #$+ &+)$'$%/$, #$ 10 , 90 ('%+"($.

8. C,'#& $+ +(#& $"(#,+ $' $+ ),*,: $" #$ ,/&(),#,)$'*$ 5 )+ $,+(:, ',>"*$ =(',+ #$+ %,+& #$ ),'$, $ $+ *($)/& #$"#$ 5 )+ #$ $"(#& +(#& $' $+

),*,: ,"*, $+ /'*& =(',+ P'*& #$ $;++(%(' =(',+ #$;$ $"*, #$'*& #$ +&"+)(*$" /$"%(*&" $' +, T,;+, 4. S( $"*, %&'#(%(' '& "$ %)/+$ $/$*( +, /$;,%&' ', )(=(%,%(' ,/&/(,#, #$+ ,>"*$ *)(%& =(',+.

9. O;"$, $-("*, $+ /'*& =(',+ /'*& #$ $;++(%(' =(',+ & /'*& "$%& & ,);&""$-@' "$, '$%$",(& ""/$'#$ +, %,+$=,%%('.

10. S( ;($' $+ *;& %&'#$'",#& %&'*('@, #$','#& &;"$, $+ &+)$' #$%&'#$'",#& $' ('*$,+&" 2 )(' ,"*, $ #&" &;"$,%(&'$" "%$"(," $"*


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,"*, $ '& ,)$'*& ,/$%(,;+$ $' $+ &+)$' #$ +(#& $' +, 5 )+ +$-&$-("*$ +," &;"$,%(&'$".

RUPO OGC&&+ $+ -,#,#& #$ 0 , 4.5FC 32 F! , 40 F !. R$-("*$ $+

&+)$' %&' ', /$%("(' #$ 01 )+ %&)& $"(#& $' /&%$'*,>$.

L&" -/&" 1 2 3 4G A'&*$ $+ &+)$' $' $+ /&"-,#& %&' ',/$%("(' #$ 01 )+ %&)& $"(#& /& %($'*&.

13. L, "), #$+ /&%$'*,>$ #$ $%/$,%(' )$ #$ $%/$,%(' *&*,+. D$#%( $+ /&%$'*,>$ #$ $%/$,%(' *&*,+ #$100 /,, &;*$'$ $+ /& %($'*& #$ /#(#,.


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! TABLA DE DATOS

C&)& +, /


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27 26

2 27

29 28

30 29

31 30

32 3133 32

3% 33

3 34

3 35

37 36

3 37

39 38

%0 39

%1 40

%2 41

%3 42

%% 43

% 44

% 45

%7 46

% 47

%9 48

0 49

1 502 51

3 52

% 53

54

55

7 56

57

9 58

0 59

1 60T+4-+ N!1 V&+@)$'$" #$"*(+,#&" %&' " $"/$%*(, *$)/$,*, #$ $;++(%('

IN!ORMACION ENERAL DURANTE LA PRUEBA5API 4052G'T 0823

V-&.'/ 6' -+ .&'()*+ 100 )+


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P*'(8/ 6' N'+ 722 )) -V-&.'/ 6'()-+6 60 )+

T+4-+ N!2 C&'#(%(&'$" -$'$,+$" #$ +, /$;,

T+4-+ N! 3 R,'-&" #$ *$)/$,*, #$ $;++(%(' /,, %#&" #$(,#&"

SUSTANCIA 5API G'TP')*8-' C*&6 4537 1513 08 G 0865

G+(-/+ 7064 5227 07 G 077

K'*('/' 5227 4106 077 082

A:')'( L&4*:+/)'( L+/( 3304 2230 086 092

A:')'( L&4*:+/)'( P'(+6( 2929 1289 088 G 098

F&'- O-, A(;+-)( 1289 199 098 106

T+4-+ N %! R,'-&" #$ FAPI -,$#,# $"/$%=(%, /,, %#&" #$(,#&"

! MUESTRA DE CALCULOS

D,'*$ +, /


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&+)$' $,/&,#& $"*," %&$%%(&'$" "$ ,%$' $' ;,"$ , +&" 100)+ #$)$"*, #$ +, "(-($'*$ ),'$,?

PORCENTAJE DE RECOBRO

%Recobro=Volumen destilado

Volumeninicial 100

%Recobro= 60

100100

%Recobro=60

PORCENTAJE DE RESIDUOS

%Residuos=Volumen residuos

Volumen inicial100

%Residuos= 35

100100

%Residuos=35

PORCENTAJE DE TOTAL RECUPERADO

Total Recuperado=%Recobro+Residuo

Total Recuperado=60+35

Total Recuperado=95

PORCENTAJE DE P=RDIDAS


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%Perdidas=100%total de lamuestraTotal Recuperado

%perdidas=10095

%perdidas=5

P& +& *,'*& $+ &+)$' *&*,+ #$ /#(#," $"?

Volumen total%perdidas=100 (ml )5

Volumen total perdidas=5ml

PORCENTAJE DE EVAPORADO

de Evaporado=%Recobro+%Perdida

de Evaporado=60+5

de Evaporado=65

CORRECCION DE LAS TEMPERATURAS POR EFECTO DE LA PRESION

D$;(#& , $ +&" #,*&" $/&*,#&" $"*


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P=presionbarometrica del lugar

, $ +&" #,*&" #$;$' $"*, $' F! "$ ,%$' +," $"/$%*(," %&'$"(&'$" #$ +,

"(-($'*$ ),'$,?

F=(( C+273,15 )1,8 )459,67

P,, $=$%*&" /'*+)&*+5C

T'.>'*+)&*+5F

C; T'.>C**'?6+ 5F


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1 44 111,2 2,6031672

113,80

3167

2 46 114,8 2,6195832

117,41

9583

3 58 136,4 2,718

0792

139,11

8079% 69 156,2 2,8083672

159,00

8367

80 176 2,8986552

178,89

8655

92 197,6 2,9971512

200,59

7151

7 95 203 3,0217752

206,02

1775

98 208,4 3,0463992

211,44

6399

9 100 212 3,0628152215,06

2815

10 104 219,2 3,0956472

222,29

5647

11 111 231,8 3,1531032

234,95

3103

12 113 235,4 3,1695192

238,56

9519

13 117 242,6 3,2023512

245,80

2351

1% 119 246,2 3,218

7672

249,41

87671 114 237,2 3,177

7272

240,37

7727

1 106 222,8 3,1120632

225,91

2063

17 109 228,2 3,1366872

231,33

6687

1 116 240,8 3,1941432

243,99

4143

19 120 248 3,2269752

251,22

6975

20 121 249,8 3,2351832

253,035183

21 124 255,2 3,2598072

258,45

9807

22 125 257 3,2680152

260,26

8015

23 130 266 3,3090552

269,30

9055


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2% 121 249,8 3,2351832

253,03

5183

2 110 230 3,1448952

233,14

4895

2 118 244,4 3,210

5592

247,61

055927 133 271,4 3,3336792

274,73

3679

2 142 287,6 3,4075512

291,00

7551

29 152 305,6 3,4896312

309,08

9631

30 158 316,4 3,5388792

319,93

8879

31 161 321,8 3,5635032

325,36

3503

32 178 352,4 3,7030392356,10

3039

33 182 359,6 3,7358712

363,33

5871

3% 180 356 3,7194552

359,71

9455

3 172 341,6 3,6537912

345,25

3791

3 175 347 3,6784152

350,67

8415

37 160 320 3,555

2952

323,55

52953 156 312,8 3,522

4632

316,32

2463

39 161 321,8 3,5635032

325,36

3503

%0 179 354,2 3,7112472

357,91

1247

%1 183 361,4 3,7440792

365,14

4079

%2 185 365 3,7604952

368,76

0495

%3 183 361,4 3,7440792

365,144079

%% 172 341,6 3,6537912

345,25

3791

% 173 343,4 3,6619992

347,06

1999

% 174 345,2 3,6702072

348,87

0207


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%7 176 348,8 3,6866232

352,48

6623

% 173 343,4 3,6619992

347,06

1999

%9 195 383 3,842

5752

386,84

25750 208 406,4 3,9492792

410,34

9279

1 213 415,4 3,9903192

419,39

0319

2 214 417,2 3,9985272

421,19

8527

3 220 428 4,0477752

432,04

7775

% 228 442,4 4,1134392

446,51

3439

231 447,8 4,1380632451,93

8063

324 615,2 4,9014072

620,10

1407

7 233 451,4 4,1544792

455,55

4479

294 561,2 4,6551672

565,85

5167

9 298 568,4 4,6879992

573,08

7999

0 238 460,4 4,195

5192

464,59

55191 165 329 3,596

3352

332,59

6335

CORRECCION DEL VOLUMEN DE PERDIDAS POR P=RDIDAS EN LA

DESTILACION

D$;(#& , $ $+ &+)$' &;*$'(#& #$"*(+,#& '& $/$"$'*, $+ &+)$' $,+#$"*(+,#& , $", *$)/$,*, $" '$%$",(& %&$-(+& /& )$#(& #$ +, "(-($'*$$%,%('?

V c i=V d i+(LiLT)Lc

D'#$?


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V ci , es el volumencorregido por perdidas

V d i , es el volumendestilado enml de cadalectura

Li , Numero delectura

LT, Numerode lecturas totales

Lc , volumende perdidas corregidas por efectodela presion

A&,

Lc

"$ %,+%+, ,"?

Lc=(L)+!

D'#$?

Lc , Volumende perdidascorregidas por presion

L ,Volumende perdidas calculadas en la prueba

" ! , constantes

L," %&'"*,'*$" A B ",#," /,, ,++, $+ /&%$'*,>$ #$ /#(#," %&$-(#," /&/$"(' "$ &;*($'$' #$ *,;+," "$ ('*$/&+,' +&" ,+&$"?

P .. H? A B720 0600 0200722 0,13 0,193730 0667 0166

E+ &+)$' #$ /$#(#," %&$-(#, $"


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Lc=(L)+!

Lc=(0,6135ml)+0,193

Lc=3,258ml

E'*&'%$" $+ &+)$' %&$-(#& /,, +, /()$, "$-'#, +$%*, "$


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A %&'*(',%(' "$ )$"*,' +," 39 +$%*," %&$-(#,"?M$"*

,T$)/$,*,F

!T$)/

C&$-(#, F!

V&+)$' )+

V&+C&$-(#

& )+

H V&+C&$-(#

&

1 111,2 113,803167

0 0,05340984

0,08443

175

2 114,8 117,419583

1 1,10681967

1,74969

122

3 136,4 139,118079

2 2,16022951

3,41495

069

% 156,2 159,008367

3 3,21363934

5,08021

016

176 178,898655

4 4,26704918

6,74546

963

197,6 200,597151

5 5,32045902

8,41072

91

7 203 206,021775

6 6,37386885

10,0759

886

208,4 211,446399

7 7,42727869

11,7412

48

9 212 215,062815

8 8,48068852

13,4065

075

10 219,2 222,295647

9 9,53409836

15,0717

67

11 231,8 234,953103

10 10,5875082

16,7370

265

12 235,4 238,569519

11 11,640918

18,4022

859

13 242,6 245,802351

12 12,6943279

20,0675

454

1% 246,2 249,418767

13 13,7477377

21,7328

049

1 237,2 240,377727

14 14,8011475

23,3980

643

1 222,8 225,912063

15 15,8545574

25,0633

238

17 228,2 231,336687

16 16,9079672

26,7285

833

1 240,8 243,994143

17 17,961377

28,3938

428

19 248 251,226975

18 19,0147869

30,0591

022

20 249,8 253,035183

19 20,0681967

31,7243

617


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21 255,2 258,459807

20 21,1216066

33,3896

212

22 257 260,268015

21 22,1750164

35,0548

806

23 266 269,309

055

22 23,2284

262

36,7201

4012% 249,8 253,035183

23 24,2818361

38,3853

996

2 230 233,144895

24 25,3352459

40,0506

59

2 244,4 247,610559

25 26,3886557

41,7159

185

27 271,4 274,733679

26 27,4420656

43,3811

78

2 287,6 291,007551

27 28,4954754

45,0464

375

29 305,6 309,089631 28 29,5488

85246,7116

969

30 316,4 319,938879

29 30,6022951

48,3769

564

31 321,8 325,363503

30 31,6557049

50,0422

159

32 352,4 356,103039

31 32,7091148

51,7074

753

33 359,6 363,335871

32 33,7625246

53,3727

348

3% 356 359,719

455

33 34,8159

344

55,0379

9433 341,6 345,253

791

34 35,8693443

56,7032

538

3 347 350,678415

35 36,9227541

58,3685

132

37 320 323,555295

36 37,9761639

60,0337

727

3 312,8 316,322463

37 39,0295738

61,6990

322

39 321,8 325,363503

38 40,0829836

63,3642

916

%0 354,2 357,911247

39 41,1363934

65,0295511

%1 361,4 365,144079

40 42,1898033

66,6948

106

%2 365 368,760495

41 43,2432131

68,3600

701

%3 361,4 365,144079

42 44,296623

70,0253

295


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%% 341,6 345,253791

43 45,3500328

71,6905

89

% 343,4 347,061999

44 46,4034426

73,3558

485

% 345,2 348,870

207

45 47,4568

525

75,0211

079%7 348,8 352,486623

46 48,5102623

76,6863

674

% 343,4 347,061999

47 49,5636721

78,3516

269

%9 383 386,842575

48 50,617082

80,0168

863

0 406,4 410,349279

49 51,6704918

81,6821

458

1 415,4 419,390319

50 52,7239016

83,3474

053

2 417,2 421,198527 51 53,7773

11585,0126

648

3 428 432,047775

52 54,8307213

86,6779

242

% 442,4 446,513439

53 55,8841311

88,3431

837

447,8 451,938063

54 56,937541

90,0084

432

615,2 620,101407

55 57,9909508

91,6737

026

7 451,4 455,554

479

56 59,0443

607

93,3389

621 561,2 565,855

167

57 60,0977705

95,0042

216

9 568,4 573,087999

58 61,1511803

96,6694

811

0 460,4 464,595519

59 62,2045902

98,3347

405

1 329 332,596335

60 63,258 100

U', $: %&$-(#&" +&" &+@)$'$" +,"*$)/$,*," "$ /&%$#$ , -,=(%, /,,&;"$, $+ %&)/&*,)($'*& #$ +&" #,*&" #$ +,/$;, #$ #$"*(+,%(' &;*$'($'#& +, "(-($'*$-


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D$ ,%$#& , +, *,;+, #&'#$ "$ %,,%*$(:, +&" /%*&" #$+ /$*+$& #$ ,%$#&,+ ,'-& #$ *$)/$,*, #$ $;++(%(' "$-@' +, -


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D$;(#& , $ +&" #,*&" &;*$'(#&" $' +, /$;, '& *($'$' ' %&)/&*,)($'*&),*$)& %, ++,),#, ASTM D86 %&';,"$ $' $"*, "$ #$;$ $,+(:, +&" %


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70 70 37627790 90 448459

Determinacin de Temperatura de ebullicin promedio volumtrica (Tv) :

Tv=T

10+T

30+T

50+T

70+T

90

5

Tv=187,571+245,833+308,735+376,277+448,459

5

Tv=313,375 F

Determinacin de la Pendiente S de la Curva ASTM:

$= T

90T

10

(9010 )%Volumetrico

$=448,459187,571

9010

$=3,2611

U*(+(:,'#& +, /$'#($'*$ +, *$)/$,*, #$ $;++(%(' /&)$#(& %,+%+,)&" +&"=,%*&$" #$ %&$%%(' %&' +, =(-, 23.25 /,, $'%&'*, +," #$)


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Fc 1=8,44

T=8,44+313,375 F

T=321,81 F

CALCULO DE LA TEMPERATURA PROMEDO CU$CA " Tc #

Tc=Fc 2+Tv

L$$'#& #$ +, -


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T&=Fc 4+Tv

L$$'#& #$ +, -


29/56

(oup=3321,81+459,67

0.823=11,19

P,, Tc

(oup=3

Tc'T

(oup=3305,19+459,67

0.823=11,11

CALCULO DEL PESO MOLECULAR

&)=204.38 (Tm0,118 )'T1,88

e(0,00218Tm3,075'T)

&)=204.38 ((291,15+459,67 )0,118)0,8231,88 e(0,00218(291,15+459,67)3,0750,823)

&)=126,61lb / lbmol

CALCULO DE (RA)EDAD AP

P*=

141,5

'T131,5

P*=141,5

0,823131,5

P*=40,43

CALCULO DE CO!DCO!ES PSEUDOCRCTCAS

TEMPERATURA PSEUDOCRITICA


30/56

C&' +, *$)/$,*, #$ $;++(%(' /&)$#(& )&+, TM 27693F! $+ FAPI 4043 #$+%#& +, =(-, 23G27 "$ +$$ +, *$)/$,*, P"$#&%(*(%,.

$ Tc=629 F

PRESIN PSEUDOCRITICA:

C&' +, *$)/$,*, #$ $;++(%(' /&)$#(& )$#(& Tm=291,15 F +, FAPI 4043

#$+ %#& +, =(-, 23G29 +, /$"(' P"$#&%(*(%,?

$Pc=463psia

CALCULO DE CO!DCO!ES PSEUDOREDUCDAS

T$)/$,*, /"$#&$#%(#,

sTr=Tlab

sTc

sTr=

(84,2+459,67 )R629+459,67R

sTr=0.498

P$"(' /"$#&$#%(#,

sPr=Plab

sPc

sPr=

722mm+g( 14,696Psia760mm+g)463psia

sPr=0.0301


31/56

CALCULO DE CALORES DEL CRUDO

D!A CRETACEOCalor e*pec+,ico

Cp=0.388+0.00045T'T

Cp=0.388+0.00045(321,81 f)

0,823

Cp=0,5873 !T

lbmF

Calor latente de vapori-acin

-v=110.90.09T&'T

-v=110.90.09(276,93 F)

0.823

-v=104,467!tu /lbm

CALCULO DEL CALOR ESPEC.%CO PARA LOS (ASES

Cp gases=0.171+0.127

'T+0.0005T

Cp gases=0.171+0.127

0.823+0.0005 (321,81 F)

Cp gases=0,4862!tu /lbmF

CO!DUCT)DAD T/RMCA

(=0.813

'T[13105 (T m32) ]

(=0.8130.823 [1310

5 (291,15 F32)]

(=0,980!tu/.rlbmF


32/56

CALCULO DE E!TALPAS DEL CRUDO

M$#(,'*$ $+ API T$)/$,*, #$ +,;&,*&(& &/ #$+ CRUDO +, -


33/56

'84,2 F=0,8409

't='T 1

1.8( tT)

'86F=0.780

75105

1.8(84,2 F60 )

'84,2 F=0,7699

G'T 1 10 G' T

0,068 08409

08230,13

0,7066 07699

2crudo82,4 F=82,4 F2agua 82,4 F

2crudo82,4 F=(0,8135 )(0.996028 gmL )2crudo82,4 F=0,810

g

mL ( lbm453.59 g )

2crudo 82,4 F=0,001786lbm

mL

C&)& $+ &+)$' %&$-(#& #$ #$"*(+,#& #$ +, )$"*, #$ %#& $" #$ 63258 )+?

mcrudo86 F=2crudo86 FVolumendestilado corregido


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mcrudo86 F=0,001786lbm

mL(63,258ml )

mcrudo86 F=0.113lbm

CALOR RE0UERDO:3crudo=m(+V

/ /+L/ )

3crudo=0,113lbm(272,3628,32)!tu

lbm

3crudo=27,57 !tu

MUESTRA DE CLCULO PARA LA GASOLINA

P,, %,+%+, +," /&/($#,#$" $$(#," /,, +, -,"&+(', "$ #$;$ *&), %&)&100H +, =,%%(' &+)*(%, #$ $"*, =,%%(&',+, $' 10 /,*$" (-,+$" *,+ %&)&"$ )$"*, , %&'*(',%('?

Fn=%VT gasolina

10n

F1=61,69

101=6,169

A /,*( #$ $"*&" ,+&$" #$ =,%%(' &+)*(%, +, $%,%(' &;*$'(#, #$ +, %,ASTM D86 %,+%+,)&" +, *$)/$,*, #$ $;++(%(' &+)*(%, ,"?

000582 26811 16018

D'#$?

T ebullicion

%Vol#corregido


35/56

G P,, +, /()$, =,%%(' *$'$)&"? 0005861692 268116169 16018

16556

!,%%(' H HVOLUMEN )+ T EBULLICIONF!

1 10 ,19 17,9%3 30 1,07 211,75 0 30,% 2%,397 70 %3,13 2,779 90 ,21 32,92

C&' $"*&" ,+&$" ,++,)&" +, *$)/$,*, &+)*(%,?

Tv=T

10+T

30+T

50+T

70+T

90

5

Tv=176,94+211,78+248,39+286,77+326,92

5

Tv=250,16

,++,)&" +, /$'#($'*$?

$= T

90T

10

(9010 )%Volumetrico

$=326,92176,94

9010

$=1,875

CALCULO DE LA TEMPERATURA PROMEDIO EN PESO

T

T=Fc1+Tv

T=4,17+250,16


36/56

T=254,33 F

CALCULO DE LA TEMPERATURA PROMEDIO CUBICA Tc

Tc=Fc 2+Tv

Tc=5+250,16

Tc=245,16 F

CALCULO DE LA TEMPERATURA PROMEDIO MEDIO Tm

Tm=Fc3+Tv

Tm=14,17+250,16

Tm=235,99 F

CALCULO DE LA TEMPERATURA PROMEDIO MOLAR T&

T&=Fc 4+Tv

T&=21,83+250,16

T&=228,33 F

CALCULO DEL FACTOR DE CARACTERI$ACION KOUP

L, -,$#,# $"/$%=(%, #$ +, =,%%(' "$ ,")( %&)& 0.735 "($'#& $"*$ $+ /&)$#(& #$+,'-& #$ +," -,$#,#$" *,;+,#," /,, +, -,"&+(',.

P,, T)


37/56

(oup=3Tm

'T

(oup=3235,99+459,67

0.735

=12,05

P,, TM

(oup=3T&

'T

(oup=3228,33+459,67

0.735=12,01

P,, T

(oup=3T

'T

(oup=3254,33+459,67

0.735=12,16

P,, T%

(oup=3Tc

'T

(oup=3245,16+459,67

0.735=12,11


&)=204.38 (Tm0,118 )'T1,88

e(0,00218Tm3,075'T)


38/56

&)=204.38 (235,990,118 )0.7351,88 e (0,00218235,993,0750.735)=117,90lb / lbmol

CALCULO DEL API

P*=141,5

' eT131,5

P*=141,5

0,735131,5

P*=61,02

CALCULO DE CONDICIONES PSEUDOCRICTICAS


C&' +, *$)/$,*, #$ $;++(%(' /&)$#(& )&+, TM 228,33 F $+ FAPI 61,02

#$ +, -,"&+(', +, =(-, 23G27 "$ +$$ +, *$)/$,*, P"$#&%(*(%,.

$ Tc=582 F

PRESIN PSEUDOCRITICA:

C&' +, *$)/$,*, #$ $;++(%(' /&)$#(& )$#(& Tm=235,99 F $+ FAPI 61.02

#$ +, -,"&+(', +, =(-, 23G29 "$ ,++, +, /$"(' P"$#&%(*(%,?

$Pc=422psia

CALCULO DE CONDICIONES PSEUDOREDUCIDAS

T$)/$,*, /"$#&$#%(#,

sTr=Tlab

sTc

P$"(' /"$#&$#%(#,

sPr=Plab

sPc


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sTr=(84,2+459,67 )R582+459,67R

sTr=0.520

sPr=

722mm+g( 14,696Psia760mm+g)422psia

sPr=0.033

CALCULO DE CALORES

Calor e*pec+,ico

Cp=0.388+0.0045T

'T

Cp=0.388+0.0045(254,33)

0.735

Cp=1,787 !T

lbmF


-v=110.90.09T&

'T

-v=110.90.09(228,33)

0.735

-v=122,92!tu/ lbm

CALCULO CONDUCTIVIDAD T=RMICA

(=0.813

'T[13105 (T m32) ]

(=0.8130.735 [13105 (228,33 F32)]

(=1.099 !tu/.r lbm F


40/56

CALCULO DE ENTALPIAS

M$#(,'*$ $+ API T$)/$,*, #$ +,;&,*&(& +, -


41/56

C&)& , %&'&%$)&" +, ),", #$+ %#& 0154 +; "$ $'%&'* +, ),", #$+ $"(#&)+*(/+(%,'#& /& +, =,%%('.

m'$6L*N=0.1130.551=0.0622lb

CALOR RE0UERDO:

3'asolina=m (+V/ /+L

/ )

3'asolina=0.0622lbm(248,4540,81)!tu

lbm

3'asolina=12,91 !tu

CALOR DE COMBUSTIN

CC=223203870 ('T2)

CC=223203870(0,735)2

CC=20229.33 !tu/ lbm

MUESTRA DE CLCULO PARA EL KEROSENE

P,, %,+%+, +," /&/($#,#$" $$(#," /,, $+ $&"$'$ "$ #$;$ *&), %&)&100H +, =,%%(' &+)*(%, #$ $"*, =,%%(&',+, $' 10 /,*$" (-,+$" *,+ %&)&"$ )$"*, , %&'*(',%('?

Fn=( %VT 0erosene10 n)+61,69

F1=( 38,3110 1)+61,69=65,52

A /,*( #$ $"*&" ,+&$" #$ =,%%(' &+)*(%, +, $%,%(' &;*$'(#, #$ +, %,ASTM D86 %,+%+,)&" +, *$)/$,*, #$ $;++(%(' &+)*(%, ,"?


42/56

000582 26811 16018

D'#$?

T ebullicion

%Vol#corregido

G P,, +, /()$, =,%%(' "$ &;*($'$? 00058102 2681110 16018

37383

!,%%(' H HVOLUMEN )+ T EBULLICIONF!

1 10 ,2 30,73 30 73,1 37,%5 0 0,% %1%,%7 70 ,1 %%2,919 90 9,17 %71,

,++,)&" +, *$)/$,*, &+)*(%, #$ +, "(-($'*$ ),'$,?

Tv=T

10+T

30+T

50+T

70+T

90

5

Tv=360,75+387,45+414,84+442,91+471,66

5

Tv=415,52 F

A&, ,++,)&" +, /$'#($'*$?

$= T90T10(9010 )Volumetrico

$=471,66360,75

80


43/56

$=1,386

CALCULO DE LA TEMPERATURA PROMEDIO EN PESO T

T=Fc1+Tv

T=2,49+415,52 F

T=418,01 F

CALCULO DE LA TEMPERATURA PROMEDIO CUBICA Tc

Tc=Fc 2+Tv

Tc=2,67+415,52 F

Tc=412,85 F

CALCULO DE LA TEMPERATURA PROMEDIO MEDIO Tm

Tm=Fc3+Tv

Tm=7,73+415,52 F

Tm=407,79 F

CALCULO DE LA TEMPERATURA PROMEDIO MOLAR T&

T&=Fc 4+Tv


44/56

T&=12,89+415,52

F

T&=402,63 F

CALCULO DEL FACTOR DE CARACTERI$ACION KOUP

L, -,$#,# $"/$%=(%, #$ +, =,%%(' "$ ,")( %&)& 0.795 "($'#& $"*$ $+ /&)$#(& #$+,'-& #$ +," -,$#,#$" *,;+,#," /,, $+ $&"$'$.

P,, T)

(oup=3Tm'T

(oup=3407,79+459,67

0.795=12,00

P,, TM

(oup=3T&

'T

(oup=3402,53+459,67

0.795=11,97

P,, T

(oup=3T'T

(oup=3418,01+459,67

0.795=12,04

P,, T%

(oup=3Tc

'T


45/56

(oup=3412,85+459,67

0.795=12,02


&)=204.38 (Tm0,118 )'T1,88

e(0,00218Tm3,075'T)

&)=204.38 ((407,79+459,67 )0,118)0.7951,88e (0,00218(407,79+459,67)3,0750.795)

&)=169,60lb / lbmol

CALCULO DEL API

P*=141,5

' eT131,5

P*=141,5

0,795131,5

P*=46,49

CALCULO DE CONDICIONES PSEUDOCRICTICAS


C&' +, *$)/$,*, #$ $;++(%(' /&)$#(& )&+, TM 40263 F! $+ FAPI 46.49 #$+$&"$'$ +, =(-, 23G27 "$ +$$ +, *$)/$,*, P"$#&%(*(%,.

$ Tc=729 F

PRESIN PSEUDOCRITICA


46/56

C&' +, *$)/$,*, #$ $;++(%(' /&)$#(& )$#(& Tm=407,79 F +, FAPI 46.49

#$+ $&"$'$ +, =(-, 23G29 +, /$"(' P"$#&%(*(%,?

$Pc=313psia

CALCULO DE CONDICIONES PSEUDOREDUCIDAS

T$)/$,*, /"$#&$#%(#,

sTr=Tlab

sTc

sTr= (84,2

+459,67

)R729+459,67R

sTr=0.456

P$"(' /"$#&$#%(#,

sPr=Plab

sPc

sPr=722mm+g(

14,696Psia760mm+g)

313psia

sPr=0.0446

CALCULO DE CALOR ESPECFICO

Calor e*pec+,ico

Cp=0.388+0.00045T

'T

Cp=0.388+0.00045(418,01 F)

0,795

Cp=0,646 !T

lbmF


-v=110.90.09T&

'T

-v=110.90.09(402,63 F)

0,795

-v=93,92!tu /lbm

CALCULO DEL CALOR ESPEC.%CO PARA LOS (ASES

Cp gases=0.171+0.127

'T+0.0005T


47/56

Cp gases=0.171+0.127

0,795+0.0005 (418,01 F)

Cp gases=0.539!tu /lbm F

CO!DUCT)DAD T/RMCA

(=0.813

'T[13105 (T m32) ]

(=0.813

0,795[13105 (407,79 F32 )]

(=1,011!tu/.rlbmF

CALCULO DE ENTALPIAS

M$#(,'*$ $+ API T$)/$,*, #$ +,;&,*&(& &/ #$+ $&"$'$ +, -


48/56

"#por 407,7 1)/12

.$%&& (((%(-

$%- ((&%0 -

Li*ui+o

5864 1)/12

.$%&& ($%&& ,, ($%&&

+L/=321=32,00

+v/=333,380=333,38

+v/ /=333,382,8=330,58

CALCULO DE LA MASA

P,, &;*$'$ +, -,$#,# $"/$%=(%, #$+ $&"$'$ "$ %,+%+ %&' +," =,%%(&'$"&+)*(%," #,*&" %,+%+,#&" $' +, =,%%(' $"(#& /,, %,#, =,%%(' "$ #$"/$>& +,#$+ $"(#& #$ +, "(-($'*$ $%,%('?

4 0er=50er0ercrudo

4 0er=0.38310.795

0.823=0,370

D$;(#& , $ %&'&%$)&" +, ),", *&*,+ 0.154 lbm /$)&" &;*$'$ +, ),", #$+

$&"$'& )+*(/+(%


49/56

30erosene=m(+V/ /+L

/ )

30erosene=0.042lbm(330,5832,00)!tu

lbm

30eroseno=12,54 !tu

CALOR DE COMBUSTIN

CC=223203870 ('T2)

CC=223203870(0,795)2

CC=19874.063 !tu/ lbm

A&, ,)&" , %,+%+, $+ %,+& #$ %&);"*(' *&*,+ #$ +, "(-($'*$ ),'$,?

3T=m' 7 +'+m07 +0

3T=12,91!tu+12,54 !tu

3T=25,75!tu


50/56


51/56

KEROSENE 4649 0795 06460 1011 1987406 9392

TABLA !CALORES REXUERIDOS PARA EL CRUDO !RACCIONES

CALOR VALOR TOTALCRUDO 2757 B* 2757 B*

GASOLINA 1291 B*2545 B*KEROSENE 1254 B*


52/56

! RESPUESTA AL CUESTIONARIO

1! C&- '( -+ >*':(8/ 6' '()+ 6')'*./+:8/#

L&" $"+*,#&" &;*$'(#&" /& $+ )(")& &/$,#& $+ )(")& ,/,,*& '& #$;$' "$%&'"(#$,#&" %&)& "&"/$%&"&" , )$'&" $ $++&" #(=($,' /& )*+6 R'>')4-6+6 * R'>*6&:4-6+6 RP'*& $;++. ('(%(,+ 6 10

5H & 1.2 R& 210G80H R& R&

90H R& R& G 2.295H R& R& G 4.7

P'*& $;++. =(',+ 7 13

3! P*:'/)+' *':&>'*+6, >*:'/)+' *':4*+6 >*:'/)+' ))+- *':4*+6#


53/56

P&%$'*,>$ $%/$,#&? %&$"/&'#$ ,+ &+)$' )+ #$ #$"*(+,#& $%&-(#& $' $+

$%(/($'*$ *(+(:,#& $' $"*$ %,"& /&;$*, -,#,#,.

P&%$'*,>$ $%&;,#&? $" $+ &+)$' #$ )$"*, $ "$ #$"*(+, /&"*$(&)$'*$

"$ %&'#$'",#,.

P&%$'*,>$ *&*,+ $%&;,#&? %&$"/&'#$ , +, "), #$+ /&%$'*,>$ $%/$,#& )')*8-',6';/+ -+( ;*+::/'( 6' -+ 6'()-+:8/ :+*+:)'*:' -+ .&'()*+ -+( ;*+::/'(.

L, %,,%*$(:,%(' #$ +, )$"*, +," =,%%(&'$" =$ $,+(:,#, $' +, )$"*, #$ %


54/56

9! ANLISIS DE RESULTADOS

P& )$#(& #$+ )*& /,, +, #$"*(+,%(' #$ +&" /%*&" '&" /$)(*( &;"$, %,#,', #$ +," =,%%(&'$" $' $ "$ "$/,, +, )$:%+, #$+ %#& USCO +," %,+$"=$&' -,"&+(', $&"$'$ @'(%,)$'*$ $"/$%*& , $ '& "$ +&-,&' ,+%,':, +&",'-&" #$ *$)/$,*," $$(#&" /,, +," "(-($'*$" =,%%(&'$".

E+ &/ #$ +, )$:%+, %#& $" #$ 1104 /& +& %,+ /$#$ #$%("$ %&' %$*$:, $%&$"/&'#$ , ' %#& #$ ;,"$ )(*,.

E' +, $+,;&,%(' #$ +, /$*& , /#(#," #$ &+


55/56

10! CONCLUSIONES L, #$"*(+,%(' #$+ /$*+$& $" $+ )$%,'(")& /$+()(', '& #$ +&" )$*& , /#(#," #$ &+


56/56

BIBLIOGRAFA

!RANCO MUZO[ J+(&"37-,$#,#G,/(G#$'"(#,#-,$#,#G,/(G#$'"(#,#2."*)+]

PARRA PIN[N R(%,#&. C&)/&*,)($'*& #$ +, -,$#,# API $+ &+)$' #$+/$*+$& "" #$(,#&". E#(*&(,+ U'($"(#,# S%&+&);(,', N&($);$ #$+2008. P()$, $#(%('. N$(,G(+,. P

informe destilación 2015

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