historia da arte universal aluno ok rev

8/18/2019 Historia Da Arte Universal Aluno Ok Rev

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Design de Interiores

História da arte universal

aluno


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história da arte universal

ÍNDICE

HISTÓRIA DA ARTE.................................................................................................................6

I - EGITO - ARTE PARA A ETERNIDADE..............................................................................6

GRÉCIA - DEUSES E HOMENS..............................................................................................7

ROMA - CONQUISTADORA DO MUNDO...........................................................................10

IDADE MÉDIA - EUROPA DE INVASÕES ( 500 - 1000 d.C)..............................................1

RENASCIMENTO (!"#. $V % $VI)........................................................................................16

VII - A ARTE &ARROCA (SÉC. $VII)...................................................................................1'

CARACTERSTICAS GERAIS DA ARTE &ARROCA.........................................................1'

ARQUITETURA &ARROCA..................................................................................................1'

ESCUTURA &ARROCA.......................................................................................................1'

PINTURA &ARROCA.............................................................................................................*0

IT+IA.....................................................................................................................................*0

,RANA..................................................................................................................................*0

ESPANHA................................................................................................................................*0HOANDA...............................................................................................................................*1

&ÉGICA.................................................................................................................................**

ARTE E ARQUITETURA ROCOCÓS (SÉC. $VIII).............................................................**

ARQUITETURA ESCUTURA E PINTURA ROCOCÓS....................................................**

ROCOCÓ ,RANC/S...............................................................................................................*

PINTURA ROCOCÓ ITAIANA............................................................................................*

PINTURA ESPANHOA DO SÉC. $VIII..............................................................................*

PINTURA INGESA DO SÉC. $VIII.....................................................................................*

ARTE NEOC+SSICA (170-10).......................................................................................*5

ARQUITETURA ESCUTURA E PINTURA NEOC+SSICAS.........................................*5

A ARTE ROM2NTICA............................................................................................................*6

ARQUITETURA ROM2NTICA.............................................................................................*6

ESCUTURA ROM2NTICA..................................................................................................*6

A PINTURA ROM2NTICA.....................................................................................................*7

PINTORES ROM2NTICOS ,RANCESES............................................................................*7

*


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história da arte universalANITA MA,ATTI..................................................................................................................50

A SEMANA DA ARTE MODERNA.......................................................................................50

VICENTE DO REGO MONTEIRO.........................................................................................5OS;ADO GOEDI...............................................................................................................5

ANTONIO GOMIDE...............................................................................................................5

A PRIMEIRA GERA9O MODERNA..................................................................................5

C2NDIDO PORTINARI..........................................................................................................55

A&ERTO DA VEIGA GUINARD.........................................................................................56

ISMAE NER


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história da arte universalCAR


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*I+T,I) D) )TE

I - EIT/ - )TE ')) ) ETENID)DE

N?@ !3#%dd% B%44?d % #3!%4d34 4F% %4 d R%3. N%#%!!dd%! J4 3 ,4K (d%?! 3)L J4%!%44 3 #34J3 (@?@#3) #3d#3-3(@3?@%F3! ?%443!) J4%!%44 !? @%@ % (%!FF?! % JF?4!) J43%4 d%!%3! d3"@ (!%43! % 3%4%d!) ?!4 JJ43! 4F?! ( 43! d3! M34F3!).

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3!.

) pitura egp"ia

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J%4!3%! 4@ d% F@B3 #334@% @J34F#). ,4K !%@J4% d%d3 % 4d3(!@33 d% J3d%4).

I#@%F% JF?4 #34 4%%3! %@ J%d4 d !%? %!F3 @?F3 4d3 d%J3!d%43? %@ X%43 J4KJ43. O ?% d% JF?4 3#344% 3 M"d3 I@J"43 (*060 - 176 .C)#3@ d%#343 d3 BJ3%?! (F?@3! 43#B % d3 N3). O 4K AYF3 (1Z d!F)F43d?? ?@ %4dd% JF?4 ?d3 !% % 4%J4%!%F4 #3@ %!J3! N%%4FF % !B!.

3 es"u!tura egp"ia

E!FF?! d% 4K! % 34%! %F! J4 #44 @%@ d3 @34F3 (34 @#3 %?FF43). P%?%! %!FF?! (!"?F3 d% !%4!) #3@JB@ 3 4K. E4@ %F! %@##43 @4@34% 4F3 d34F @d%4. O #34J3 %4 4%J4%!%Fd3 #3%#3@%F% F%3 # 3 43!F3 (#3@ 3B3! #4?!Fd3! %@ J%d4 d43 3? @%F). D%%4@ %@4 ddd% % J3d%4. O #34J3 !% dd %@ * @%Fd%! dXF#! (!@%F4 W).

[ @%dd %@ ?% 3 J3d%4 d3 EF3 #4%!# ?@%F 3 F@B3 d! %!FF?! (EWLC33!!3 d% MX@3 1 @). E!#?F?4! %@ 4?J3 %4@ #3@?! (EWL CASAIS % @!).

N3 B 34dd% J3! ! 34@! %4@ #3!4d! J%3 F%@J3.

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ÉCI) - DE4+E+ E */5EN+

A G4"# %4 34@d J34 4! #dd%!- %!Fd3 F3F@%F% d%J%d%F%! (AF%!E!J4F C34F3 %F#...). C3@ ?@ ? % 4F% %@ #3@?@ 4%!?F3? ?@ 4d%#3.

A) PERODO ARCAICO (#3 !%#. VI-'0 7' .C) - Jd433 !@"F4# %!#?F?4 % JF?4 (#%4@# %3@"F4#).

A.1- es"u!tura - 3! 4%3! #3J@ @3d%3! %J#3! !%@%B J3!% % F"##.C4#F%4!F#!L 83?43 (\ B3@%@ 3%@) ?4 @!#? ? 3d% !% %d%# 4d% %!@%F4 #3@ %W3 B343F % Jd4]%! %4%! d%#34F3! % 834" (?4! %@!%!Fd!). R%J4%!%F@ d%?!%! 3? %#d3!. D% 4Jd %3?3 ! ?4! 3 Bd3F?4!@3 % d ?!#d3 !%@%B !3^@# #3@ !%4%! 3!.

A.*- pitura e "er6%i"a - B JF?4! @?4! d%#34F! % J"! d% @d%4 JFd @3!F4d3 d%!%B3! 4%?Fd3! % !34%J3!3 d% ?4! (!%@ J%4!J%#F).M%B34%! %W%@J3!L #%4@#! %3@"F4#! %Fd3 ?4! 4%J%Fd! % Jd43d!.

A.- ar$uitetura e os te%p!os - d%!F@-!% J43F%%4 %!FF? d3 d%?! d!F%@J"4%! % 3 J4 #34%4 "! (J3?#! J%!!3! %F4@). E4@ J43%Fd!!@"F4#@%F% #3@ %4! d% #3?! (J%4!F3!). A! #3?! 4@ %@ 34@ % %!F3L A34d%@ dK4# %4 !@J%! % @# d% #JF"! @3dd3! % !3!. O! 4!3! d3%F@%F3 J3d@ !%4 d%#34d3! #3@ JF?4! 3? 4%%3!. A 34d%@ ^# %4 %34d#3@ #JF"! %@ * 3?F! % 3 #JF% d 34d%@ #34F %4 34@%Fd3 J34 3B! d%#F3. O 43F3 d3! F%@J3! ?!F4 B!FK4! #3@ 4%%3! %34d3!.

&) PERODO C+SSICO ( %F4% 7' % 0 .C) S"#?3 V 3 !"#?3 d% 3?43.

&.1- es"u!tura - ?!# d% d % @3@%F3 d%!%3@%F3 d3! 43%! J3!%!4%! % %4F! #4#F%4]%! J%!!3! d% d%?!%! % B3@%!. DF@ d%!F% J%43d3 3D!#K33(d% M43) % 3 D34343(d% P3#%F3) ?% #4 3 #3F4J3!F3 B4@3 %F4%F%!3 % 4%W@%F3 @3@%F3 % "4# ?% !%4 4%J%Fd3 %@ F3d B!FK4 d 4F%.

&.*- pitura e "er6%i"a - d JF?4 @?4 J3?#3 4%!F3? @! B d%!#4]%! d3F4B3 d% P33F3 (#%! 4d%! %@ J4%d%! #3@ ?4! d!F4?d! d% F3 W3 -@! d !%@ J43?ddd%). N #%4@# J4%d%3 J34 #%! B!FK4#! 4% #%F4(F"## d% ?4! %4!-JFd! !34% ?d3 4 % d%J3! ?4d! %@ d%FB%!).

G4d%! @%!F4%!L CF! EW"Y! % E?F@d%! (%F34 d! ?4! %4@%B! 3d% !% JF 3 ?d3 d% J4%F3 #3@ d%!F?% J4 ?4 B?@).

&.- ar$uitetura - 3! F%@J3! ?@%F@ %@ F@B3 % #3@J%Wdd%. O! 43F]%!d3 P4F%3 J3!!?@ @! d% F% ?4! %@ 4%%3 %@ 4d% J?43 F"##3. A! @"F3J!(?d43! F%4! 3 %F@%F3 d3! F%@J3!) !3 4%_%F%@%F% d%#34d! #3@ 4%%3! d%#%! @F3K#!.

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Os períodos arcaico e

clássico. D?! #!! d3! !"#. V .C.%@ AF%!.

. d?! #!! d3 !"#. IV .C.%@ P4%%#. C#3 #!! B%%!F#!%@ D%3!.

ARQUITETURA GREGA

D%!%B3 d A#4KJ3% d% AF%!@3!F4d3 3#3 d3! J4#J!

%d#3! d3 !"#?3 V .C.

ARQUITETURA ROMANA

PF d% ?@ #!43@ F4d#3

PF d% ?@ #!43@ #3@ 3 F43F4d#3 4%F% % ?@

J%4!F3 d#3d3 3?d3.

PF! d% #! 4%! d3!"#?3 V 3 !"#?3 II .C.


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história da arte universalC) PERODO HEENSTICO (!"#. IV - I .#) D3@3 M#%d^# % R3@

C.1 - es"u!tura - @J3 d% F%@!L 4?J3! %!#?FK4#3! 443! #4! d3!3! % 4d% 3dd%L 3 ? %@3 (A43dF% d% Cd3 d% P4WF%%!). E!FF?! J4%#%! J34 F3d3! 3! ?3!.

C4#F%43 %@3#3 (d4@F#dd% # 43?J%@ Fd). P%4!3#3 d%#3#%F3! (P VFK4 %F#.).

N3 d%!F% J%43d3 B3?% %!F3 % @F3 !%@ #4Fdd%.

C.* - pitura - @%F% !% d%J%d% d #%4@# (?% !% 4%!F4% 3 ?FF43).H3?% @34 d3@3 d3 @3d%d3 (? % !3@4) %!343 d% B3@%@ % #3! %4d3

J43?ddd% %WJ4%!!dd% %@3#3 % ?@ 4?d@%F3 d% J%4!J%#F. P3?#3! %W%@J3!!34%%4@.

C. - %osai"os - 3! 4%3! #B%4@ J%4%3 F"## 3 !"# III .C. P3d@4%J43d?4 ! @! %34d3! % !?F! JF?4! (%W. M3!#3 d &FB %F4% A%Wd4% 3G4d% % D43).

C. - ar$uitetura - O I!3@%F3 d! J%!!3! %43? F%4%!!% #! J4KJ4 %@d%F4@%F3 d3! F%@J3!. O! 3%4F%! #3!F4?@ J#3! J4 !. AJ4%#%? d!F3%F4% #!! 4#! % J34%!. A %4dd% % F d% 4%?@%F3 " #4#F%4!F# 4% J3d-!% #3!F4?4 3Fd%.

O! F%F43! %4@ #3!F4?d3! J43%Fd3-!% #3! J4 ?% 3 J`#3 J?d%!!%!!!F4 %#%3 #334F%@%F%.

O! !F?43! %!F@ !FF% d%4%F%! !%d3 4! #3!F4?]%! F%4d! J4

d%4%F%! ?]%!.

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história da arte universal/5) - C/N74I+T)D/) D/ 54ND/

,?d3 d% R3@ !"#. VIII .C 4%J`# !"# IV .C #3FF3 #3@ #3 4%!"# III .C. I@J"43 R3@3 (1 .C - 0 d. C). T4!%4X# d 4%!dX# @J%4 J4C3!FF3J (0 d.C). ,@ d3 I@J"43. ,4@%F3 % ?%d ! @3! d3! 443!.

R3@ d3@ 3! 4%3! J3F# % @F4@%F% @! !% !?@%F%? 4F% % #?F?44%!. A4F%!3! 43@3! #3J@ #!%@%F% ! 34! 4%! d% %!#?F?4 % JF?4.Q?!% 3 B 34! 34!.

A) PINTURA ROMANA

C3Jd3 @3d%3! 4%3! 3! 43@3! @ #KJ! %@ J4%d%! d% 4%!dX#!. APF?4 R3@ !34%% 4! ! %!#]%! d% H%4#??@ % P3@J" (!3F%44d! J%3V%!`3 %@ 7' d.#). H ?F43 %!F3!L

- %!F3 J4@F3 (!"# II . C) - J4%d%! d% %!!3 JFd! J4 @F4 @4@34%.

- %!F3 ?!3!F (!"# I . C) - #%! d% J!%! ?4! #3?F! %@ F43@J%a3%

- %!F3 34@%F (3 1 d. C) - #%! @`!#?! %@ J4%d%! d% #34 !34@%Fd! d% 4! %4! d% #3F! % K!.

- %!F3 F%F4 (6* d.C) - !F%!% d3! F%434%! #3@ #%! d% F%F43 J%4!J%#F! %4?F%F?4.

-

10

D%!%B3 d3 !F?4343@3 d d%?! ,34F?%@ P4%%!F% !"#?3 I .C.


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história da arte universal&) ESCUTURA ROMANA

O! 43@3! #3J@ 3! @3d%3! 4%3! J34"@ #3@ J4F#dd% % 4%[email protected]??%4 #dd3 J3d !%4 4%F4Fd3. D%!%@ ?@ @%@ % (#3@ #! 4?!

44!). AdJF@ @3d%3! #!!#3! (%W. O A??!F3 d P4@ P34F " !%d3 3D34343 4%3 % ! %34! %4@ 4%_%F%! (J%4!3#]%! @F3K#! %WL C^@3d3#3@3 H"4#?%!)).

- 4%%3! B!FK4#3!L #4-!% @4#3! %!#?FK4#3! J4 d%#344 @3?@%F3!#3@%@34F3! (F4%! 4#3! #3?!). EW. A4 J#! (A??!F3 1 .# - 1 d.#) C3? d%T43 (3!%44 VFK4 #KJ d A43dF% d% CJ?).

- S4#K3! J4F#?4%! F@"@ %W@ 4%%3! (F%@! @F3K#3! ?!#d3 Jd4]%! d%#34F3!). A @34 #3F4?3 43@ J4 %!#?F?4 " d%dd% 3! F43!d3 4%F4F3.

C) ARQUITETURA ROMANAesid8"ias9 d% JF F4d#3 % 4% J%! 34@ #4%!#%Fd!

#4#F%4!F#! 4%! 3! ?d3! d #! 4! 3 J%4!!F%F% BF3 d% #3J4 ! d"!4%!.

Te%p!os9 F4d#3@%F% %4?d3! !34% ?@ !% %%d #3@ %!#d4 `#%4@ %@ d%4%F%! d3! F%@J3! 4%3! J34"@ #34J344@ !?! #3?!. A 3dd% 3 3PF%3 F%@J3 #4#?4 d3 !"#. II d.C #3@ Kd % %4F?4 #4#?4 3 #%F43 @3!F4 F"## d% %d#3 @?F3 B d3@3 d3 #@%F3 4@d3.

Teatros - 3! 43@3! #3!F4?@ F%F43! #3@ 4?F%F?4 (3 ?!@ %%]%!

F?4! #3@3 3! 4%3!) % 34@ d! 4?#d! %4 !%@#4#?4.):iteatros - %4@ #3@J%F@%F% #4#?4 33 J3d-!% 3!%44 3! %!J%F#?3! d%

??%4 ?4 (%W. AF%F43 ,3 3? C3!%?).

)TE 3I;)NTIN)

C3!FF3J ?dd J%3 I@J%4d34 43@3 C3!FF3 J34 3F d% 0 d.C!34% 3 3# d F &#3. A R3@ d3 O4%F%3 #3!F4?d !34% !%F% #3! % %4 3%3 d% 3 %F4% 34%F% % 3#d%F%. C3!FF3 # #3!F4?3 d% `@%4! 4%!(H S3JB - SF S%d34 I4% d3! AJK!F33! - 3d% 3 %F%44d3 %@ 7). A 4F%

#3B%#d #3@3 F #4#F%43?-!% J4F4 d% :?!F3 (5*7-565) ?@ %!F343@3-34%F.

R%!F@ J3?#! @3!F4! d% JF?4 @?4. O! @3!#3! 4%3!3! !3 !@%!F]%! @! @J34FF%!. ,?4! d% SF3! B%4F#3! 43F! % %!?%@Fd3! !3#3@?!. E!#]%! J3F@ @3!#3! J433! #3@ #%! J!F34! d% #d ?F! d%@! 33! F! d3 !"#. V 3? VI.

PF?4! d% #3%!L JFd3! %@ %#?!F# !34% @d%4 dF@ J4F4 d3 !"#. V4%F4F@ V4%@ SF3! % M4F4%!. C4#F%4!F#!L %!?%@F!@3 43Fdd%%4dd%. A ?4 # #3F4 ?@ ?d3 !%@ F@3!%4. N?@ J%43d3 F?4?%F3 3!#33#!F! d%!F4?4@ `@%4! @%! d%!F4?d3 F" @%!@3 @3!#3! ! 4%!.

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história da arte universalO %!F3 &F3 ?%#3? R`!! &?4 S"4 % 3 S? d IF (S#). A

J4F4 d3 !"#?3 $I % $II #?F?4 F J%4d% ?X#. O! `F@3! @3!#3! dF@ d%110-*0 (I4% d% C34 C3!FF3J).

R%L !% d 43F R3@ @J%4 #dd% d% R% 3 !? d IF "@3! J%3! !%?! @3!#3! (%@ I4%! dFd! d% #%4# d3! !"#?3! V ?d3 %4 3%4d

J%3 4% 443 3!F43d3 T%3d34#3). A #3!F4?3 @! @J34FF% " I4%-J#3 d%T%3d34#3 SF3 AJJ34% N?33 d%#34d #3@ @3!#3! ?% @3!F4@ #dd% d%R%. T@"@ @3!3 " 3 @?!3"? d% T%3d34#3 (5*6 d.C) #3@ !%? F%Bd3 d% J%d4 d%@! d% 00 F3%d!.

ID)DE 5ÉDI) - E4/') DE IN ?00 - 1000 d.C

A I4% #FK# !% %!F%%#% #3@3 34 %@%4%F%. N%#%!!dd% d% #F%?4.T%@ d3 PJ G4%K43L ! @%! !3 `F%! J4 %!4 3! %3! J4 !4d.M3%! % M!!343! F%F4@ #3d?4 J4%#%F3! 4%3!3! Bdd% d3! 4F#%!

443! (J%4F3! %@ 44 @%F! %W#%%F%! %FBd34%! d% @d%4). R%!?Fd3 @! %L! ?@?4! (@?!#4F3! %F3! #3@ ?4% !34% J%4@B3 #3@ F%WF3 % ?!F43 d3!E%B3!). ,?4! B?@! %WKF#! % %!?%@Fd! N3 B @?F 3dd% @! ?!3 d% F! 4%J4%!%F]%! 43@! % J%3#4!F!. D%!%3 d3 4F!FL F4!@F4 !? " %!%? !%F@%F3 F4"! d JF?4. A! 4%! d3! 4%3! %4@ 43 J43F%3 % d@!FF?! 3#dd%.

A) ESTIO ROM2NICO - J3%? !"#?3! $I % $II

A.1 - 4?F%F?4 - J4%d3@@ ! I4%! % @3!F%43! (34d%! d% C!F%4 % C?b ,4) #3!F4?]%! J%!d! % @#! #3@ J3?#! %4F?4! J4 3 %WF%434. O! 4#3! !3B%4 R3@ %@ #3@3 3! F%F3! 3dd3!. A F344% d% 3d4%! (107 - 107) " ?@%W%@J3 d% 4?F%F?4 !%#?4.

1*

O @4% d3! P%!% d3! P%W%!.M3!#3 d &!#d% SF3 AJ3433 N33 R%#%4# d% 5*0 d.C.


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história da arte universalA.* - JF?4 - ! 4d%! J4%d%! ?! !3 d%! J4 JF?4 @?4 (!F3 %4?%#% 3

F%@J3 %WJ]% ! %4dd%! d3! d3@! ?@%F ?@3!dd% d3 @%F%). O! !F3! !34%J4%!%Fd3! %!?%@F#3! @J!!%! % J3?#3 F?4!. E4 %dd3 3 4F!F #44 !F

F%4J4%F4 ! %!#4F?4! % %WJ34 d3?F4 3 % %F3 ?!d3 ! #4#F%4!F#! d!?4!L F d% J43J343 d3 #34J3 #3@J3!]%! d@%!3! (J4% !J%#F3!%!J4F?!) X!% !@%F4 % B. R%!!?4% 3 F%@ d #4?##3 (?% 4%J?4 4F% #4!F J4@F). H ?@ d%!J4%3 J%! #3!! d3 @?d3 % !%J43 d! %!%4! B?@% d.

A. - %!#?F?4 - %@ %!#?F?4! @3?@%F! J4%d3@ d%#343 d3! J34F! d!4%! (%%!F! @! #3! #%! d3 :?3 , %F#...).

&) ESTIO GÓTICO - J4F4 d3 !"#?3 $III

.1 - ar$uitetura - ?!3 d% Kd! d% %4?4! 4#3! 3! % #3!F%! J4%F%! #3!F4?3 d3! %d#3! (I4%!). O 4#33FF% J%4@F% F?4! #d % @34%! % #4@-!% %!FF?!-#3?! J4 3! J34F!. P!F4! !% J43%F@ d! J4%d%! J4 3 %WF%434. A X!%

d %!J4F?dd% #3#d% #3@ X!% %4F#dd% d! #3!F4?]%!. EWL CF%d4 d%CB4F4%! Ad d% SF D%! % N3F4% D@% d% P4!.

&.* - pitura - J%4@%#%@ ! ?@?4! d% @?!#4F3! % %%B3!. M?FJ#@-!% 3! 43! %F4% 3 #%43 % 34%. A JF?4 d3 J%43d3 @?F3 d%% ?X# d3! %!F3!443! (3d3!) d%#d% d% B! 4%dBd3! % 34@%F]%! "@ d F%FF d4%J4%!%F3 F4d@%!3.

&. - vitra! - 3 !"#?3 $III " 3 !"#?3 d3 F4. A! F3dd%! J43?d! d3 d43#?!@ %%F3! !?4J4%%d%F%! ! Jd! !?J%4#%! d% J%d4 % 4?% !@K# d% #dF4 " @J34FF% W3 d d3?F4 (3d% #d % F4 ?@ 3 d).

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história da arte universal&. - es"u!tura - F% @3@%F3! d% %?43 %F4% d%3 % 3!%43 d

F?4%. A! ?4! B?@! FX@ 4F#?]%! @! 4%!F! (F3@) d#3! d%%WJ4%!!3 # % %!F?43 %@ d4J%d3! F?4!.

C) ESTIO GÓTICO TARDIO - !"#?3! $VI % $V

C.1 - ar$uitetura - !?4% F%4%!!% %@ J43%F3! !%#?4%! (!F3@ d% F4!%4X# d3@%#%F3 d I4% J4 3! %3! (%W. Ca da O43 %@ V%% 4?F%F?4 MFF%3 R%4F1**) @! #3!F4?3 d% 3! 4%! J43!!%?% ?@ %!F3 #B@d3 J%4J%d#?4(%%@%F3! 4%F%3! ?% !% #4?@ %@ B!F%! B343F! % %4F#!). A Kd 4%#%%`@%4! ]%! 34@d3 1 4%dBd3 % !% F4!34@ ?@ %?% (%W. CF%d4 d%G3?#%!F%4 % 3 8a! C3%% %@ C@4d%).

C.* - pitura - ! ?@?4! B3?% @34 J4%#!3 4%J4%!%F3 dF4d@%!3dd%. SB?%F! B4@33!! % %!Fd! F@%F% d%#34F!.

C. - es"u!tura - !?4%@ ! J4@%4! %!FF?! 4%! (d%J%d%F%! d 4?F%F?4).R3!F3! @! %@3! %%# d% B! % 3!%43 #?4d d F?4% % d F3@.

E@ F3d! ! 4%! 3 KF#3 F4d3 d%? @34 X!% 3 %@J4%%d@%F3 dd?.H3?% @34 #%F3 d d !%#?4 #3@3 @F%4 d% #43 4F!F# @?d d% FF?d%?% 4 J43d?4 3 R%!#@%F3 ( 4F% % #?F?4) % R%34@ ( 4%3) J4F4 d3!"#?3 $VI.

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história da arte universal- A4?F%F?4L ,J3 &4?%%!#B (177 - 16) - #43? 4?F%F?4 d 3 %4

4%d%!#34d3 F%#33! d% #3!F4?3 43@! (J^d% #44 %F3 3 d?3@3 d% ,34% !%d3 ! Kd! 43@! #3@3 3 PF%3). D%!#34? ?@%F% 3! @%3!

@F%@F#3! d #43 d J%4!J%#F J3!!Fd3 #43 d% JF?4! ?!3!F!@%F%.

- PF?4L - M!##3 (101 - 1*) - 3 ?@ d3! J4@%43! JF34%! ?!4 3 4F#3 d% J%4!J%#F #4d3 J34 &4?%%!#B. C?!3? F4%@%d3 @J#F3 !34% 4F%.

N3 34F% d E?43J @%3 : V Eb#Y (1'0c - 11) %F JF?4 K%3d% !%#%@ %F % F4B 4%F4F3! #3@ 4%!@3 % d%FB@%F3 @J%#%! (d%!d% 4@34%! 43?J%! F%WF?4!).

- E!#?F?4L D3F%3 (16 - 166) - 3 @34 ?X# 3 33 #3#%F3 d%%!#?F?4 #3@ ?4! d% %% d%d %%4"F# % #3#%F4d. E!F?d3? 3 #34J3 %

%WJ4%!!3 B?@ J3! ?! @3d%3! 3!.#) R%!#@%F3 d3 !"#. $V.

D3@d3 3 !J%#F3 !#3 d3 @?d3 F?4 % d F3@ B?@ 3! 4F!F! !%3F@ J4 3! !J%#F3! %!J4F?! @J%4#%JF%! % J!#3K#3!. N IF d%!F#@-!% 3!!%?F%! 4F!F!L

- AF33 P3?33 (11 - 1') - JK! F4B4 #3@3 3?4%! d%d#3?-!% %!#?F?4 d%!%B3 % JF?4 %WJ34d3 3 #34J3 B?@3 %@ !?! F%!]%! !#! % %!J4F?!.

- Ad4% d% V%443##B3 (15 - 1) - F@"@ #3?-!% #3@3 3?4%! d%!#34d3@! F4d% !%?! F%F3! d% JF34 (3 J43%!!34 d% %34d3 d V# % d% &3FF#%) %

J4#J@%F% d% %!#?F34 #3@ !%!%! 4%F4F3! %@ @4@34% % 43% !%d3 d3!?#%!!34 d% D3F%3.

- Sd43 &3F#% (15 - 1510) - 4F#% d% 3?43 % J4F d%#344 !?! JF?4! #3@4#3! d%FB%! ?4"3! d3?4d! 43!F3! 3! J4%!%F%! %@ 1 @?d3 !%@-4%3!3 % !%@-F!F#3 d @F33 4% @?F3 J4%#d "J3#. (EW%@J3!L A%34 dP4@%4 % O N!#@%F3 d% VX?!).

- Ad4% MF% (± 11 - 1506) - JF3? 4%!#3! 3 J#3 d @ G3%@ MF?. I3d34 4%J4%!%F3 F4d@%!3 JF?4 ?d4#? 3 J!3 %!%4 ?4! %@ J%4!J%#F! ?d#3!! #3@J%@%Fd3 3 %%F3 %!J# #3@ 4@%F3!d% 4?F%F?4 4%#3-43@.

- G3 &% (10 - 1516) - B3 4@3 % #?Bd3 d% JF34%! 3 34%Fd3 33#3 J%3 J :#3J3 % !FF% ?%#d3 J%3 #?Bd3 MF%. P3!!? %WF4%@!%!dd% J4 !?F! 4d]%! d% #34%! % F3! J43W@d3 #3@3 ?# JF?4 F?4%. ,3 ?@ d3! @! #3@J%F3! @%!F4%! 4%!#%F!F! !%@J4% !% 4%##d3 %J%4%3d3.

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d) AF3 R%!#@%F3 - !"#. $VI.

A 4F% 4%!#%F!F F% !? J%4%3 F4"! d% F4X! X3! @34%!L

- %34d3 d V# (15* - 151') - d%d#3?-!% F3d3! 3! 4@3! d 4F% % d #X# -4?F%F?4 @F%@F# @`!# %F#. EW!F%@ @! d%!%B3! d3 ?% JF?4! d%!F% 4F!F ?%

J%!?! #%!!F%@%F% F?4% % !?! 34@! %@ #3@3 !J%#F3! d F3@(#?!% %F3!). S? #3@J3!3 " !%@J4% J%4%F % #3Fd %@ 443! %3@"F4#3!4%_%F%@%F% J4@d!. C43? F"## d3 Sfumato (!3@4%d3! d% #3F343! % ?d3!%@ 3J3!3 ! 4%! d% ? F%4).

S?! JF?4! @! #"%4%!L G3#3d V4%@ d! R3#B! A >F@ C%.

- R% S3 (1 - 15*0) - %!F%%#%? ?@ !% B4@^# % d?4d3?4 J4 4F% 3 d4 ! 34@! 4%!#%F!F! !? @! #!!# !%4% % #3@J%F %WJ4%!!3 4! 3!%!3 d% 34@ ?@ 3 % J%4%F F4d?3 d% F%@! F4d#3! % !3?]%! !?J%4%!?% d%? ?!F43 d% #d B!FK4. EF4% !?! #4]%! %!F3 `@%4! @d3! d% %%#4#F%4!F# 4%F4F3! d% !?4 F@!@3 % #%! 4%3!! !%4%!.

- M#B%%3 &?3443F (175 - 156) - %!#?F34 JF34 4?F%F3 % J3%F B3@%@d% 4d% Fdd% 34dd% 34 d% !?! #3#%J]%! " `# 3 Fd J34 %B?@ 3?F43 4F!F % !?! 34! !3 d@4d! J% !? d%4!dd% %@ #3@3 J%3 !%?

#4F%4 4d3!3. S? 34@3 d-!% %@ ,34% !3 3 JF43#3 d3! M"d# d%J3! !%F4!%4% J4 R3@ !%43 d% 43! JJ! %W%#?Fd3 @34 d% !?! 34!L #J%S!F P%F :?3 ,. E!F 34 !%3? d%F@%F% 3 F4%FK4 d JF?44%!#%F!F % d%W J4 F4! ! 4%4! % #4F"43! d3 J4KJ43 4%!#@%F3. IF%!dd% d%%@3]%! @!F3 d% @%d3 % %!J%4 %!F 34 #3@?# #3@ "dF3 34 3 %!J%#Fd34 3d%#3 d3 d% B?@3 % 3 ?%!F3@%F3 J%!!3 d3 4F!F. E!F 4d% #% !%@@3d?4! 3? J434%!!3 %4 d% F%@J3 % %!J3 4%J4%!%F ?@ B?@dd% #3@J4@d%F4% !3 % 3 J%#d3 3@%4d %@ F343 d3 @34 C4!F3 JFd3 (#%F43 % 3#3 d34). E!F %3 d%!?d dF% d% D%?! % !?J4%@ %WJ4%!!3 4%!#%F!F d F3@B?@ J34"@ #3@ d@%!]%! #K!@#! !?J%4d3 3 dd?!@3 FJ#3 d3 4%!#@%F3

J4 d?4 @J34F# d% #d !%4 !% !F3 3? #3d%d3. E!F FF%!% d% !%F@%F3!

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17

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P#3 DF ,34% d3 !"#. $IV.

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M#B%33 M#B%3P#3 M%d#!-R##4d,34% 1


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história da arte universal+ÉC. A


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história da arte universalITBI)

:#3J3 R3?!F #3B%#d3 #3@3 TF34%FF3 (1515-15') JF34 V%%3 B %@%%F3! #%34#3! d% %W%#?3 @J%F?3! % 4BF% d-!% #J d% 4%?4 3 d%!%B3 d%M#B%%3 % ! #34%! d% T#3.

C43 (156'-160') - 4%!!3 % 4%!F d% J#%d %"4# % d4@F#dd%3 #43-%!#?43. &?!# @3d%3! 3 @%3 d3 J33 Wd3-3! #3@ %4dd% B?@ %!3#. É J4%#?4!34 d3 %!F3 F%%4!F (?!3 d% ? % !3@4 %W%4d3 J4 d%!J%4F4 !%F@%F3! d4@F#3!).

Ad4% d% P33 (16*-170') JF34 %!?F #"%4% d%#34d34 d% F%F3! #4d3!%@J4% #%! @3@%Fd! % F%F4!.

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C!aude Borrai (1600-16*) J!F%%43 d3@"!F#3 d% ?@ J!!F F3 #3@% JF4 3! F% 3! %@ R3@ 3d% %4 J%3 4%!F3 d %W!FX#. ?@3!3 !%!%4#3 W #%! d @F33 4%#3-43@ %@ #3@J3!]%! 4d%! % #@J%!F4%!.

eorges Ba Tour (15'-165*) F%%4!F ?%#d3 J34 C43.

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;urbarH >1?F-1GGJ

S%?? 3 %!F3 d% C43 J34"@ !%%43 % F4!F% d% F3! %!%4d%d3! % !%@4d% %%4 J!F#.

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história da arte universal3arto!o%@ Esteba 5uri!!o >1G1-1G2

C3J % %!F?d 34! @%! % F! d! 4%! d% S%B. TF3 JF@d3! d% !%F@%Fdd% #3%#3 J34 %#3@%d d% d3! ?F3 4%F4F@%d3! % %F% d3 J33 #3@ !%F@%F3! d% %WF4%@ !@JF % F%34 !3#.

Diego da +i!va K 1?FF-1GG0

Q?dd%! %W#%J#3! d% F%%4!@3 % 4%!@3 34@ 3 JF34 d #34F% d% ,%J%IV ?% !% F34 !%? @3. A!!?@% d4%3 %4 d3! J#3! 4%! F" !? @34F%. A4F!F d%4%!@3 !? d4%F3 % 3%F3 ?% J3d%@3! %#3F44 ! #3@J3!]%! B!FK4#!@F3K#! % 4%3!! % 3! 4%F4F3! J%3! d% %4dd% B?@.

C3@3 %4 #3@?@ 3 J%43d3 F@"@ ?!#3? FJ3! J3J?4%! (]%! % 33! d#34F%) F3#d3! d% 3dd% % #3@J4%%!3. T%##@%F% !?J%4% !F"F#3 #4#F%4

#3@ J%4%3 ! @! d%4%F%! F%WF?4! d3@d3 !?4J4%%d%F%@%F% ! FF!. S%?@!@3 " !34 % J4%?# 4F% @J4%!!3!F (!"#. $I$).

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história da arte universal3ÉBIC)

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história da arte universal N PF?4 ! F4!34@]%! !3 #3@J%F!. T?d3 3 ?% 3 &443#3 J3!!? d% F%F4

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J!F%. Q?!% F3d3! 3! JF34%! 43#3#K! 34@ J!F%!F! (?% " 4 % %X@%43 #3@3 ?!%F?d3 %!F% %!F3).

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J%43d3 #44@-!% ! @!3! d% J!#% (4%!dX# 4?4 @J % ?W?3! J4 4%J3?!3 % J4%4). EWL 3 P%FF T43 #4d3 ?@ 4%#F3 d3 J4?% d3 P#3 d% V%4!%! J4 34F d% ?! $V Md@% d? &44b. O J4#J %!#?F34 4#X! 3 3 4%F4F!F :%AF3% H3?d3 (171-1*) 3F% J% ?d% d% J%4#%J3 d% !%?! @3d%3!. S? 34

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d %34 4%F4Fd3 3! @3d%3! #3@3 J%4!3%@ @F3K#3!.O MASP J3!!? ?F43 @#3! 4%F4F3! d! B! d% ?! $V J%4!3#d!

#3@3 3! ?F43 %%@%F3! . :% &JF!F% S@%3 CB4d (16''-177') d3 3 4%!@34%F4F #%! d3@"!F#! d J%?% ?4?%!. S? #3@J3!3 #34%! % d%!%B3 !3 d3!@! #3@J%F3! d3 !"#?3 $VIII. I@J4% d% J3%! ! #%! @! !#F%! d3#3Fd3.

**


23/102


'INT4) /C/C, IT)BI)N)

A ?4 d3@F% " FF!F T%J33 ( 16'6-1770). É 3 ?F@3 d3! 4d%!d%#34d34%! %@ JF?4. D%#343? 4%! % J#3! %@ V%% (3d% !#%?) GX3 %M3. CB@d3 F4B3 J%3! 4d%! 4%! 3 d@4d3 #3@3 4F!F #3@J4%.EW%#?F 4d3!3! J"! K%3 ?@ F%F4dd% !?F?3! d% %%F3! d% @!!! #34%! %?%!.

AF^3 C C%FF3 (16'7-176) F@"@ %%3 W ! #34%! d ?3! J34@! d #dd% !%? F%@ 34F3. P% !%!dd% ? !34 " #3!d%4d3 ?@

J4%#?4!34 d3 @J4%!!3!@3.

,4#%!#3 G?4d (1717-17') ?3 d% C 3 ?@ d3! `F@3! 4%J4%!%FF%! J4%!F3!3! d JF?4 %%. ,W3? #%! d 4!F3#4# % !J%#F3! ?43! ?@F"## J%!!3. U! ?@ F"## d% @#B! ?% 3 J43W@4 d% JF34%! @3d%43!

J4#J@%F% 3! @J4%!!3!F! 4#%!%!.

'INT4) E+')N*/B) D/ +ÉC. A


24/102

história da arte universalTB3@! G!343?B (17*1-17) 3 @! 4%J4%!%FF3 d3! JF34%! %!%! d3 !"#.

$VIII J% %%# d%#34F!@3 4!@3 d #34. OJ?B-!% 3 #d%@!@3 d% R%b3d! J4%%4d3 J!%@ 4% % 3! 4%F4F3! %!J3F%3! (!%@ %!33 J4%@4).

)TE NE/CB++IC) >10-1M0

E!F% %!F3 %WJ4%!!4 F%4%!!%! @%Fdd% % BF3! d ?4?%! %@%4%F%!Fd J% R%3?3 ,4#%!. R%J4%!%F 4%!F?43 d! 4F%! d F?dd% #!!#4%#3-43@ ?% #3F%#%4 3 R%!#@%F3. É 4F% !FF% #3%#3 ?% @3dd% d4d J34 #3%! #3!4d3! d3 J!!d3.

)74ITET4)# E+C4BT4) E 'INT4) NE/CB++IC)+

Q??%4 ?% 3!!% dd% d! #3!F4?]%! 3! %d#3! !3 @F]%! 3?dJF]%! d% F%@J3! 4%#3-43@3! 3? d% %d#3! 4%!#%F!F! F3!. EWL A4#3 d3T4?3 % I4% d Md% (P4!) CJFK3 (;!BF3) P34F d% &4d%@?43(&%4@).

N %!#?F?4 3! @3d%3! !3 34! d3! 4%3! ,d! % P4WF%%! % %@ JF?4 dd ?!X# d% @3d%3! 34! 4%3! 3! 4F!F! !%?%@ 3! @%!F4%! 4%!#%F!F! F3!!34%F?d3 R%. TF3 %@ %!#?F?4 ?F3 %@ JF?4 3! F%@! %4@ @F3K#3! % d%B!FK4 4%#3-43@ !FF% d%d3! 4d3_%F%! % B%4K#3!.

T%@! J43!#3! d3 #3Fd3 34@ J4F#@%F% d3!. D%!F#@-!% %F4% 3!

JF34%! %?43J%?! d3 J%43d3 3 4#X! :#?%!-3?! Dd (17-1*5). PF34 dR%3?3 ,4#%! d%J?Fd3 d C3%3 3F3? J% @34F% d% ?! $VI F343?-!% 3 JF34 3# d3 I@J"43 NJ3%^#3. Dd3 3 @%F% J4"-4%3?#343 4#X! !? JF?4 " %@ #3Bd ?% 3! F%@! J4%d3@F%@%F% %4@ #dd3! ?4d3 @344%4 J% JF4 4%J?# (3 !%? :?4@%F3 d3! H34#3! 3 F%!F@%F3 d 3 %!F"F#).O43? 3 @?!%? d3 3?4%. Ad@4d3 J34 NJ3%3 %W%#?F JF?4! 3#! d3I@J%4d34 (A C3433 % A D!F4?3 d! +?!). AJK! ?%d d3 I@J"43 %W3?-!%%@ &4?W%!. S? 343! J%4!3dd% @3d 4F% %3#!!#.

:%-D3@?% I4%! (170-167) ?3 d% Dd d?4% 4Jd3 J4%!F3 %!?!FF? 3 @%!F4% ?d3 %!F% !% %W. E!!%#@%F% d%!%B!F #3!d%4 B 3%%@%F3 J4#J d %WJ4%!!3 JF?4. N3 " 4343!3 3%dX# d3! #3%!%3#!!#3! !%d3 !FF% %WJ4%!!3 #3@ !%!dd% 3 d%!%B3 % #334d3 ?@3!3.

A JF?4 %@ " J34% d% 3! @%!F4%! %!F% J%43d3 J3! 3 %W#%!!3 !%F@%F3#!!#F% %3# ?@ 4%dd% @?F3 #3F44 3 %!J4F3 %4@#3 F3 #3!F %F?4. P3d%-!% #F4L AF3 R% M%! (17*-177') #3%#3 % %WJ4%!!3 @F3! @%!F4%! F3! #3@3 R% % C34%3.

N IF d%!F#-!% 3 %!#?F34 V%%3 AF^3 C3 (1757-1**) J4%#3#% #3@?X# # 443# d3F d%J3! 3 d% %3#!!#3 %@ J3?#3 F%@J3 !% F343? 3 @!#"%4% %!#?F34 d E?43J. E4 3 %!#?F34 d% NJ3%3 % !? @ (%WL P? &34B%!%#3@3 VX?!). V4F?3!% d3 @4@34% J3-3 %W?!F3 !%?d3 3! @3d%3! d% P4WF%%!. O!!%?! F%@! @F3K#3! !3 d#3! % %4KF#3!.

*


25/102

história da arte universalD%J3! d 4BF% %43 d% 4%F4F!F! d3 !"#. $VIII IF%44 3 %3#!!#!@3

4%% 4F!F! !%#?d43! % D@4# @%4%#% d%!F?% J34 #?! d3 %!#?F34 TB34ed!%(1770-1) 3 !%?d3 @34 %!#?F34 %3#!!#3 d%J3! d% C3. I!J43?-!% ?@ 4F%

4% @! %"4# % "F# !%d3 %@ P3#%F3 %!#?F34 4%3. C3J%B?% J3!!? ?@@?!%? #3!F4?d3 J4 44 !?! 34!.

) )TE /5RNTIC)

O R3@F!@3 !?4% %@ 3J3!3 3 %3#!!#!@3 !!@ #3@3 3 &443#3 !%3J?!%4 3 R%!#@%F3. E!F% J%43d3 4F!F#3 J4% 3! 34%! %@3#3! !34% 3!F%%#F?! ?!d3 !J43 4%#3-43@ J4 %W%4#F4 @3 3 !%F@%F3 % 3dd?!@3 d3 4F!F. I!F3 J4F% d @%Fdd% ?4?%! (4% #F). P?F@-!% J34 F?4!@3 4%!@3 % dd?!@3.

O! 43@F#3! !% d!F?%@ J%3 4%!@3 ?% #44% d% !%F@%F3 % d4@ 3!F%@! 4F!F#3! J%3 !%F@%F3 d% #3F%@J34%dd% (?d3 d3! F%@! B!FK4#3! d3

J!!d3) % J%3 #3!@3 (F%4%!!% J%3! F3! B!FK4#3! #3! % F" J%3 4%!F?43 d%@3?@%F3!). A"@ d!!3 3F F?4% %WJ4%!! d@43 J%3 3@ !%%@ J?43 %@34@%F% !?J%434 % J34 !!3 " ?@ J3?#3 %! d! 4%dd%! !3#! @4! d%

J43%F4d3 %?43J%?.

G3!F3 J%3 @K4d3 @#43 %W#XF4#3. T%@! #3! (AF_dd% @%d% %@!?!FF?3 F_dd% 4%#3-43@).

)74ITET4) /5RNTIC)S%?% d F%dX# %3#!!# d?4F% J4F% d3 J%43d3 43@F#3.

P4%@%F% !?4%@ !J%#F3! 33!L

4%F3 d3 %!F3 KF#3 (%WL Ed#3 d3 P4@%F3 3d4%! - 16)

J4%%4X# J34 %!F3! %WKF#3! (CB%!%! 4%! Bd?! %F#) 3 ?% !% #B@4%#%F!@3.

E+C4BT4) /5RNTIC)

E@ 3@% d %4dd% d% %WJ4%!!3 3! %!#?F34%! 43@F#3! 4%%F@ ! ?X#!4%#3-43@! % 4%!#%F!F! @! %!Fd! J4%%4d3 @3d%3! d4@F#3!(M#B%%3) % 443#3! (&%4). A! 34! B@ 3?@%! % @!!! #?!d3 %%F3! d%#43-%!#?43 (3 #3F443 d! B! %%F%! d %!FF?4 %3#!!#).

O! F%@! J4%%4d3! !3 d3 J!!d3 #3 B!FK4! @%d%! 3? @K4d! % JF34%!#!. A! F%]%! !3#! % J3F#! !3 34@! d% J43F%!F3 #3F4 ?!F! !3#! %!3 4%_%F%! ! %!#?F?4! d% B3@%%! JK!F?@!.

*5


26/102

história da arte universal) 'INT4) /5RNTIC)

O JF34 43@F#3 J4%F%d% F4!@F4 ?@ #3#%J3 d@# % 4%!F d3 B3@%@#3!%_%F%@%F% ! #3@J3!]%! !3 !F%! @3@%Fd! % %@3#3@%F%d%!34d%d! (#3@3 3 &443#3). O 4F!F 43@F#3 " ?@ #334!F (%?F3 3 %3#!!#3" d%!%B!F). H3?% JW3d3! d%F%! !34% J4%d3@# d% #d ?@ d%!!%! 34%!(#34 W B). P4%%4%-!% 3 #43-%!#?43 J#%d J!F3! 3 %!F3 343!3 ?% !?%4% !34@!.

O! F%@! !3 4%F3! 3 J!!d3 #3 (Idd% M"d) 3? F%@! 4%!F#3! d3 J4%!%F%. O 3!F3 J%3 J3F#3 @K4d3 % @#43 " 4%_%F%@%F% "@ d! d"! J3F#! % ! J!%!.

'INT/E+ /5RNTIC/+ )NCE+E+

TB"3d34% G"4#?F (17'1-1*) JK! %!F?d3! %@ P4! % IF %WJ]% 3 S3 d%P4! d% 1*0 4d% F% A &! d M%d?! B3% 3 3?4% d3 ! !%! d

JF?4 43@F# (?43 d% ?@ 3 @%4#F% 4#X! "J3# ?% #B3#3? 3).

E?"% D%#43W (17'-16) %@ 1** % 3 S3 d% P4! !? 34 DF% %V43 3 I%43 ?% 3 #3!4 @%dF@%F% #3@3 #3@J3!F34 #334!F % 4%!Fd4@F#3. AJK! %@ 3 O4%F% J!! JF4 #%! %WKF#! % !%!?!. A3? 3 %B3%3#!!#!@3 #3@ !? 343! !%!dd% J!F#.

C@% C343F (17'6-175) FJ#3 J!!F 43@F#3 " #3!d%4d3 J4%#?4!34 d3@J4%!!3!@3 (!%!dd% ?@3!dd% F@3!"4#). V%? %@ &43 34%!F d%

,3F%%? 3 d3 d3! 3?F43! J!!F! #3@J%F@%F% d3@d3! J% F?4% d#.T@"@ d3 4?J3 d% J!!F! d% &43 %!F3L :?%! D?J4" (111-1') N4#!% D(107-176) C3!FF T43b3 (110-165).

:%-,43! M%F (11-175) ?F-!% 3 4?J3 d% &43 d%!F#d3-!% J34 !%4 JF34 d% ?4!. É 3F% F"4J4%F% d d % d3 F4B3 d3 B3@%@ d3 #@J3(4F%4dd% !3#).

G?!F% D34" (1*-1) %W#%%F% d%!%B!F % ?!F4d34 d3@ F34?4F4"! d @J4%! % d F%4F?4 ?!F4d3 &# ,3F% R%! % DF%.

H334" D?@%4 (10-17') 4BF% ?!F4d34 %W%@J3 d% 4F!F J3Fd3 d343@F!@3 !? J% 4 !F4! % #4#F?4! %@ #3@3 JF?4! d% F%@F# !3#.

'INT4) /5RNTIC) INBE+)

T%@ #3@3 J4#J! #4#F%4!F#!L F"## d ?4% !%!dd% !@?d! F@3!"4#! (?@ J4"-@J4%!!3!@3 % 3 !%? @3@%F3 J4"-4%!F).

E!F% %^@%3 J4"-4%!F ?F3? ?@ 4?J3 d% 3%! 4F!F! ?% !J4d3! !F%! d% R% (%WL &3F#% ,J3 JJ P%43 d% ,4#%!#) #44@ ?@ 4@dd% d%d%! #4!F3! d% 4F%4dd% ?%4!. S%?! ?dd34%! 34@ ; H?F (1*7-1'10):3B E%4%FF M! (1*'-1'10) DF% G4% R3!!%FF (1*-1*) % ;@ Db#% (106-

16). S%?! F%@! %4@ %J!Kd3! @%d%! % 4%3!3! !J4d3! 3! ?@?4! KF#! %@F?4! @%d%!.

*6


27/102

história da arte universal'INT/E+ /5RNTIC/+ INBE+E+

:3B C3!F% (1776-17) J!!F 43@F#3 d% ?X# d%#! 3 ?F?43@3@%F3 @J4%!!3!F 4#X!. PF 3 #@J3 4% d% 4%4! % #3%]%! d#d%@ ?@ F"## F4!J4%F% % ?@3!.

;@ T?4%4 (1775-151) 3 @! 4%J4%!%FF3 d3! J!!F! %!%! J% !3@3d%4 4# F4!34@d3 @F"4 % 34@ %@ d@#3! % 4F%! 4F@3! ?@3!3! %#334d3!.

)TE E)BI+T) E I5'E++I/NI+T)

N! J4F%! %?43J"! d3 !"#. $I$ d%J3! d3 R3@F!@3 (1*0-150) J4%#% 3R%!@3 (150-1'00). P4 d%!%3@%F3 d 4F% @3d%4 (!"#. $$) " ?d@%F

#%%43 d 4%3?3 d?!F4. E!F% F3 @?d3? @%Fdd% d! J%!!3! J4 34%!@3 3 %!J4F3 #%F#3 4?JF?4 #3@ 3 J!!d3 (dd% J4"-@? % dd% JK!-@?). P34!!3 4F% R%!F !?4% #3F4 3 R3@F!@3 F4d#3. O 4F!F4%!F F%4J4%F % #3B%#% F?4% % 3 B3@%@ "@ d% F%4 %%F J4F#J3 J3F#.33 !3 #4#F%4!F#! d3 4%!@3L %4#dd% (3 %3 " 3 %4dd%43) %@%F3

J3F#3.

)74ITET4)# E+C4BT4) E 'INT4) E)BI+T)+

A 4?F%F?4 d?4F% 3 J%43d3 4%!F J4%!%F d?! F%dX#! d!FF!L 3

%#%F!@3 (!%%3 d% %!F3! d3 J!!d3 #?d3 34%F! #B%!%! % 4%! 4%#3-43@3! F3! KF#3! %F#) % 3 R#3!@3 J4%#?4!34 d 4?F%F?4 @3d%43d3 3 ?!3 d% @F%4! % d%?d3 JF ! dd%! d3 %d#3. UF %443#@%F3 d43 #3#4%F3 % F%d% ! %#%!!dd%! d 3 #3 d?!F4. O 4?F%F34%!F @! @3!3 " CB4%! R%%4 M#YF3!B (16-1'*) ?% 4%%F3? 3 %!F3 A4F

N3?%? d @3d J4%%4d3 ?@ %3@%F4!@3 F4_3 ?% !% J43W@ d! #4]%!@3d%4!.

A E!#?F?4 4%!F !% @J4% d% #3F%`d3 !3# !%@J4% J!!d3 d"! J3F#!(F4Bd34%! 4?d%! !33@! #3F%@J34%!). O J4#J 3@% " A??!F% R3d (10-1'17) ?% %!F?d3? #3@ d#?dd%! #%4! J4%d%d3 %!#?F?4 d% 34@ 4F%!.S%? %!F3 " %F3 d% F?4!@3 % J!!3!@3. C3!4-!% 3 !3 d% P4! d% 10 #3@A Idd% d3 &43%(177) #?!d3 d% F%4 @3dd3 d4%F@%F% 3 @3d%3 F !?F?4dd%.

A JF?4 R%!F !34%? ?X# d3! @"F3d3! #%F#3!L %4 3!%4d34!F"F# 3%F % B4@3 FF3 B ?F3 #34. O JF34 4%!F !K JF 3 ?% X(4%#?!@ F%@! @F3K#3! #3! B!FK4#3!). E@d3 3! F%@! d3 J!!d3 !?4%

JF?4 !3# d3?F44 % J3X@# (?!! 4#! 3#3@3F! %F#).

O #B%% d JF?4 4%!F 3 3 4#X! G?!F% C3?4%F (110-177). I!F!%F3#3@ 4%%3 3 !%?! ?d43! #43? ?@ JB3 J4KJ43 J4 %WJ34 !%? 33 %!F3. ,3 31Z 4F!F %%F@%F% J3Fd3 ?% J43%F3? JF?4 #3@3 !F4?@%F3 d% J3!#3@%F3!3#.

*7


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história da arte universalEd3?4d M%F (1*-1). S%?d3 JF34 d3 4%!@3 !? #3!43 #3F%#%4

%@ 16 #3@ A@33 R% 3#3 d% #3F43"4!! % B3!Fdd% d #4F#. E@34#3B%#%d34 d% 34! J#FK4#! d3 J!!d3 (V%?% T#3 G343%) ?# !% F343?

J%! 4F?3!% d3 J#% !%d3 !%@J4% ?@ 3d34 F"##3.Ed4 D%! (1-1'17) !%!% ! 3]%! 4%!F! @J4%!!3!F! ! 4?4!

J3%!! % #?!% 3F34. E4 d%!%B!F %!J3F%3 % !F"F#3 B 3 #JF4 3 @3@%F3 (%@ %!J%# 3! 4F%! d% 4!). C3@3 4%!F W 3 #3Fd3(@?B%4%! @`!#3! 43!).

H%4 d% T3?3?!%-?F4%# (16-1'01) !%?! F%@! J4%d%F3! !3 3! d d 3F?4 % 3X@ d% P4! d%d3! #3@ J%4!J## 3! FJ3! !#3! % 3 #4F%4 d! J%!!3!.

'INT4) I5'E++I/NI+T)

R%%3? ?@ 3 !3 J!F# d3 @?d3 d3Fd3 33! J43#%!!3! F"##3! ?@4F% 4%@%F% ?FXF# % 3d34.

É ?@ @3@%F3 %?@%F% 4#X! J4%#%d3 %@ 17 ?@ 4?J3 d% 3%!4F!F! d% P4!. E@ #% !!F%@F# 4%#?! d% !%?! F4B3! 3 S3 d% P4! (d3@d3

J% E!#3 d% &%! A4F%! % 4%d?F3 d3 #3!%4d34!@3) %!F%! 4F!F! 4%!3%@ 344-!%%@ J43 d% %WJ3!]%! #3%F!. EF4% 3! %WJ3!F34%! %!F@L A??!F% R%34 (10-1'1')Ed4 D%! (1-1'17) C@% P!!43 (11-1'0) P? C"% (1'-1'06) C?d%M3%F (151-1'*6). N3 FF?3 d3 #F33 d %WJ3!3 #3!F I@J4%!!3 S3%%F(d% ?@ ?d43 d% M3%F). ,3 3 !FF% J4 3 J%d3 J%34F3 d% @J4%!!3!F J%4. U@ @X! d%J3! !3 4%%3 d% J`#3 % #4F# %WJ3!3 !% %#%44 %@ F3F4#!!3. D% 17 16 3! @J4%!!3!F! 4%4@ 3F3 %WJ3!]%! #3%F! %@ P4! %#3F?@ 4%%Fd3! J34"@ ?! ?d@%F3! d% !?! J%!?!! %!F@ !%d3#%F3! J%! 3! %4]%!. S3@%F% JK! 1Z G?%44 M?d (1'1-1'1) !%?4%#3B%#@%F3 !% #%F?.

C))CTEÍ+TIC)+ D) 'INT4) I5'E++I/NI+T)

- 3!%43 d4%F d! F%4]%! % %%F3! d ? !34 ! #34%! d F?4%.

- JF?4 4%d 3 4 4% #JFd3 4]%! F3! d% ? % #34.

33 #34 3 " J%4@%F% F?4% J3! !% F4!34@ J% 3 !34. A B3 %W!F% F?4%. A! !3@4! 3 !3 J4%F! %@ %!#?4!. M! #334d!. A! #34%! !%@!F?4@ 3F#@%F% ( 4%F % 3 J%F).

*


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'INT/E+ I5'E++I/NI+T)+

C?d% M3%F (10-1'*6) #-!% JF?4 #3@ E?"% &3?d ?% JF 3 4 4% d%!J%4Fd3-B% F%4%!!% J% ?@3!dd% F@3!"4#. S?#%!!@%F% 4%#?!d3 J%3S3 d% P4! W-!% %@ G%4b 3d% @344 F" @344%4 ?@ #! #3@ 3 3 4d@4%J%F3 d% "! !%? F%@ J4%%4d3 3! `F@3! 3! d% d.

N! !?! !"4%! d% JF?4! (3 @%!@3 @3F3 3!%4d3 %@ d%4%F%! B34! d3 d)d%@3!F4 3 J4#J3 @J4%!!3!F d% ?% #34 @?d #334@% ?.

A??!F% R%34 (11-1'1') ?%F?d% %4 JF34 d% J34#% ?@ 4# J4!%!%.

Ad3F F"## @J4%!!3!F 3 JF4 J!%! #3@ M3%F ,34%!F d%

,3F%%?. N3 3 % 3 %!F3 @! d3F3? ?@ ?%@ J%!!3 @! %4d%!%Bd % J3!F%434@%F% %!F%%#%? ?@ #3#3 %F4% 3 @J4%!!3!@3 % #3!F4?3 d! 34@!. A3 #3F443 d @34 !? 34 3 %@ #%F.

C@% P!!443 (10-1'0) %WJ^! 3 !3 d% P4! d% 1665 % 66 J4 d%44 3@J4%!!3!@3 %@ 170. D%!%3% %WJ%4X#! J3FB!F! 3 d3 d% S%?4F % S#@! 4%F34 3 %!F3 @J4%!!3!F.

G%34%! S%?4F (15'-1'1) - %!J4F3 %!Fd34 J43#?4 #3#4 ! 4]%! d? #3@ %!Fdd% d 34@ #4d3 3 NEO-IMPRESSIONISMO PONTIHISMO OUDIVISIONISMO.

S?!FF? ! d@?F! % 4Jd! J#%d! @J4%!!3!F! J34 J%?%3! 4%F?3! %d%J3! J34 J%?%3! J3F3! d% #34 (%F @!F?4 d% #34%! J%F).

P? S# (16-1'5) 4?F%F3 4%!3% d% d%d#4 JF?4 JK! !F4 ?@%WJ3!3 d% M3%F. Ad%4? 3 J3FB!@3 d% S%?4F @3? V G3B JF4 J4%!d? 3S3 d3! Id%J%d%F%! d% P4! F" !? @34F%. A?F34 d% ?4%! (@4B!)

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'INT4) 5/DEN) >origes

A! 34%! d JF?4 @3d%4 (%WJ4%!!3 % F"##) %!F3 ! 34! d% F4X! 4F!F!LV#%F V G3B (15-1'0) P? G?? (1-1'0) % P? C"% (1'-1'06).

T3d 34 d% V G3B 3 4%d %@ J%! d% 3! (10-1'0) % "#3@?@%F% ddd %@ !% B3d%! (F3! !3@43! @443!-%!#?43! J#%d! J!F3!!%@ J!%! ?4! J3J?4%! 3J%443! - F?d3 !!3 #3@ #4F# !3# % !%F@%F3B?@F43). EWL C3@%d34%! d% &FF! (15). A !% 4#%! (16-1'0) " @!

?@3! % #334d d!F?%-!% J% ?X# d3! @J4%!!3!F! J3FB!F! % d%4?4! J3%!!. S? 34 3 J3d% !%4 #!!#d #3@3 @J4%!!3!FL %% ?%4%WJ4@4 !%F@%F3! 3 !%!]%!. P34 !!3 " #3!d%4d3 3 J4@%43 %WJ4%!!3!F(%@3#3 d3@ 3 F%%#F?).

G?? ?F3dFF d% 3#3 F4d %W%4#%? %34@% ?X# JF?4 % 4F%@3d%4 %@ %4. S? 34 d 34%@ 3 !%?d3 @3@%F3 d% JF?4 @3d%4L %,?!@3. N3 #3 d% !? JF?4 !%?% 3 !F%F!@3 (?% ?!# #JF4 %!!X# d3!%%@%F3! J#FK4#3!) %WJ4@d3 !%!dd% J4@F ?% 3 B3@%@ #d3 J%4d%4.,3 3! @4%! d3 S? ?% G?? #3!%?% %@4 3! 4%!d?3! d% !? F%%#F?dd%

J4!%!% ?d3-!% @#@%F% 3 J4@F3 % ?FXF#3 ?%4!3 F?4. Ad3F ?@

F"## J#FK4# ?@%F% J4@F 4%3?#3d3 @%4 d% JF4 F4d#3.

0


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história da arte universalC"% " #3!d%4d3 J d JF?4 @3d%4. E@ J%3 @J4%!!3!@3 %-!%

d%!F4?3 d 34@ % d B (@F"4). P4F% d !F%!% d! 34@! (F4F4 F?4% J%3#d43 %!%4 % 3 #3%). CB@4 !F3 d% 4%!@3 F%%#F?. E!F4?F?4 F3F@%F% 3!

3%F3! 3 #3@ 3 d%!%B3 @! #3@ #34 J3! %4 ?@ 4d% #334!F. P% !? J4%3#?J3 #3@ %!F4?F?4 F%4 d3 d%!%B3 " ?@ J4%#?4!34 d3 #?!@3. P34 3?F43 d3!? JF?4 F@"@ #3d? 3 !F4#3!@3 J3! 4%F4 d3 d3@3 d !%!3 !?

J4 !F?- 3 #@J3 d %!J%#?3 F%%#F? 3? d ?F3 d! 34@! % #34%! J4%WJ4%!!3 d% d"! % #3#%F3!.

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história da arte universalC3@ #3%F3 d J43d?3 4F% F@"@ J!! J4%!%F4 !J%#F3! @%##3!%%F43@"F#3! % F" dF! (F%#33 d% #3@?#3 d% @!!!).

)74ITET4) 5/DEN)

A! #4#F%4!F#! d 4?F%F?4 @3d%4 !3L %!F4?F?4 @%F# J4%d%! 3!?!F%FF%! !@J#dd% % K# d% 34@! (?!X# d% d%#343) @F%4! J4"-4#d3! J3F! F%F3! J3! % F%4#33 d3! %!F3!.

A %!#3 d% 4F%! % 3#3! ?% d%? 3! Jd4]%! d 4?F%F?4 % d3 d%! @3d%43!3 &AUHAUS ?dd %@ 1'1' J%3 4?F%F3 %@3 ;F%4 G43J?!. EF4% !%?!

J43%!!34%! J3d%@3! #F4 P? 8%% P%F M3d4 ;!!b 8d!Yb M%! d%4 R3B%.

O! J4#J! 4?F%F3! @3d%43! !3L

)!var )a!to >1F 4%? 3 %!F3 43 d3 ?#3!@3 J4%%4d3 !% J43W@4 dF?4% (34#!@3). S? 34 !% F34 F%4#3@%F% #3B%#d EWJ3!3IF%4#3 d% N3 1G-1F?F #43? !3?]%! 34! #3@d3 @F%4!4F#! % F?4!. S%@J4% % 3 34#!@3 #3!F4K #! d C!#F (1'6) 3!

3!?%! d P%! !%d% d! #%4! :3B!3 3 M?!%? G?%B% %@ N3 1-1FG? CB4%! Ed3?4d :%%4%F !?3 % !? #44%4 ,4. C3#%%? J3! ?4!F#3! d%! %@ J43%F3! J4 P4! G%%4 %F#. T43? 3

J4"d3 d3 MEC (R:) %@ 1'6 - ?% !%4 4%d3 J34 `#3 C3!F % N%@%b%4. É 3 4?F%F3@! ?%F% %?F3 4F!F % F%K4#3.

5ar"e! 3reuer >1F02 H`43 F%4%!!-!% J%3 d%!%B3 d% @K%! #3@ 3 F??4?@3 % @d%4 @3dd #3F4J#d "@ d% 34! F%4#3! d% #3!F4?3 #.

5ies va der ohe >1G ,4#X! %!F %F4% 3! @! ?%F%! d% !? %43.C4d34 34 d% J43%F3! %@ 3 % d43. S%? %@L D%?! %!F 3! d%FB%!.

E+C4BT4) 5/DEN)

N3 #@J3 d %WJ4%!!3 4%% 33! #3#%F3! %!F"F#3! % 33! 34%! J!F#3!F%4d3 @3@%F3 !3@ % ?.

EW!F%@ d?! #344%F%! %!#?F?4 @3d%4L

1- )bstra"iois%o /rg6i"o (!J4-!% F?4% % %@ !%?! 4F@3! %%@%F4%!@?F! %%! F%@ #4#F%4!F#! d 4F% J4@F). S%?! J4#J! 4%J4%!%FF%! !3L

C3!FF &4#?! (176-1'57) #3dd3 F4B4 3 F%%4 d3 #3!4d3R3d J4%%4% d%J%dX# %@ 34! d% 34@! 3Kd%! ?% %W%4#%4@ ?X# #43 d% J43d?F3! d?!F4d3! (%43d@#3!).

H! A4J (17) %!#4% JF % %!#?J. S?! 34@! 3 !3 ?4F! @!!?%4%@ 4F@3! d% #4%!#@%F3 % d%!%3@%F3 d @F"4 .

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história da arte universal2- Costrutivis%o Ci@ti"o (%WJ4%!! %@ 34@! !F4F! @%#3 d d

@3d%4 !F3 " 3 @%Fdd% ?% 3 B3@%@ @3d%43 d%!%3%? %4 JK!-@?).

U@%4F3 &3##3 (1*-1'16) ,% ! #3#%J]%! d3 d@!@3 ?F?4!F J43#?43?!?%44 %3#dd% d! 34@! 3 %!J3.

E4%!F &4#B (170-1') A%@3 %WJ4%!!3!F. D% !J43 J3J?4 34@!!@J%! % 43?!F! 34F%@%F% F?4!F! % d4@Fd!. &3 J4F% d% !%? F4B3 3d%!F4?d J%3! !F!.

H%4b M334% (1') IX! ?4F3 %WJ4%!!3!F # % J%4?4 @!!%!#?FK4# ?!#d3 %?43 %F4% 3?@%! % 3!.

Vd@4 TF (15-1'56) R?!!3 !F4#3!F !J4-!% ! 34@! d@?4 % %%B4. C3#%%? 3! #3F4-4%%3!(#3!F4?]%! ?% !?%4%@ 34@!

@%##! !?!J%!! 3! ?3! d! J4%d%!).A%Wd%4 Cd%4 (1') N34F% @%4#3 #4d34 d% %!#?F?4! !F4F!

@3@%Fd! J34 @3F34%! #3d3! J%3 J4KJ43 3!%4d34. P3!F%434@%F% #4 3!@K%! @d3! J%3 d%!3#@%F3 d% 4 !?!J%!3! J34 3! % 4@%!.

A%4F3 G#3@%FF (1'01) S?3 #43? J%4!3%! F4#! ?!% !!F4! ?@F@3!%4 %!J%#F4 % ?#FK4.

MW & (1'06) S?3 #3#4%F!F !?%4 @3@%F3 %!J# d% 34@! @%dF%K4@?! @F%@F#!. G4d% P4X@3 d% E!#?F?4 1Z &% %@ SP ( 1'51).

'INT4) 5/DEN)

A"@ d3! #Fd3! EWJ4%!!3!@3! ,?!@3 % C?!@3 F%@3! F@"@L

uturis%oL % 3 J!!d3 % 34# 3 ?F?43 %WFd3 %3#dd% % 34.EWF@ ! @?! % @3F34%! 3#3@3F3! % %43J3!. G#3@3 & (171-1'5) "?@ d3! ?dd34%! d3 @3@%F3 %WJ4%!!d3 3 d@!@3 ?%4!.

)bstra"iois%oL d%%-!% #3@3 ?% #?! 34@! % #34%! 3 J3!!?%@ 4%3d4%F #3@ ! 34@! % #34%! d% 4%dd% !? (33 3 " ?4F3). AF4?%@-!% !

J4@%4! J%!?!! !F4#3!F! 3 4?!!3 ;!!b 8d!Yb (166-1'). -!% 3!! J%4#%J3 !%!% % 3 J%4#%J3 F%%#F?. P34 !!3 4F% !F4F " #J d% d%!J%4F4 !%F@%F3! % 4%]%! @! 4%! J3d%d3 !%4 !%Fd @%!@3 !%@ !%4 %F%dd.

)bstra"iois%o eo%@tri"oL 34@! % #34%! !?@%Fd! d!#J %3@"F4#. A!34! @! 4%J4%!%FF! d%!!% !%@%F3 !3 ! d% P%F M3d4 (17*-1') #4d34 d3%3J!F#!@3 3? #3#4%F!@3 @J%!!3 #3?d% % @F% !?@3? #3@ K# %!F%!% 3 !%!dd% B?@ #4d J% @%#3.

Dadas%oL J4%#%? S? d?4F% 1Z G?%44 M?d (1'1-1'1) % %WJ4@? d%#%J3 d% 3%! F%%#F?! #3@ 3! 34%! #?F?4! F4d#3! ?% 3 #3!%?4@%F4 ! ?%44!. P34 !!3 3 dd!@3 %4 d%#%J3 % 4%3F. S%? J4#J3 %4 3 ?F3@F!@3

J!?#3 d% B 4%?d. O dd!F @! @3!3 " M4#% D?#B@J (17) #3@ !%?!4%db-@d%! (#3%! d% 3%F3! @?F! %%! !%@ !%Fd3)L A ,3F% (" ?@ ?43) % G3#3d (?@ M3! d% 3d%!).


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história da arte universal+urrea!is%oL !?4% d3 M%!F3 %!#4F3 % J?#d3 %@ P4! (1'*) J%3 J3%F

Ad4" &4%F3L 3 !?44%!@3 " ?F3@F!@3 J!?#3 J?43 %WJ4%!! 3 ?#3@%F3 4% d3 J%!@%F3. (!J4d3 %@ ,4%?d). T%@!L B?@34 J!%! d% !3B3 4%!@3 3F34#3.

EF4% 3! !?44%!F! ?4F3! %!F3L Sd34 D R%" M4FF% P? D%?W M4#CB. EF4% 3! !?44%!F! !F4F3! %!F3L :K M4K MW E4!F ,4#! P#.

/p )rt (4F%-KJF#) #4d J%3 4?!!3 V#F34 V!4%b " 34@d J34 d%4%F%!?4! %3@"F4#! %@ J4%F3 % 4#3 3? #34%! %%B3!@%F% #3@d! J4 #?!4 %W#F]%! 4%F (3 ?% #?! !?%!F3 d% @3@%F3 % !% @3d#@ #334@% 3%!J%#Fd34 !% @3%). É ?@ @J34FF% J%!?! 3 #@J3 d! !%!]%! KJF#!.

'op )rt (4%F?4 d% 4F% J3J?4) !?4? J34 3F d% 1'60 3! EUA. TBd%F#3 #3@ 3 dd!@3 (J% !F4 44%!@3 % #4F%4 43F%!#3). O! 33! 4F!F! !%!J4@ 3! #%F43! ?43! !3#%dd% @3d%4 F%#33 d?!F4. É ?@@%!F3 FJ#@%F% 34F%-@%4#. Ad3F 4%#?4!3! d3 #%@ J43Jd % TV. R3b

#BF%!F% %WF ! B!FK4! %@ ?d4B3!. Adb ;4B3 4%#4 #3%! J3J! %@ 4%J%F]%!!%44#!. :!J%4 :3B! #4F# !3#%dd% d% @!!! %@ F%4J4%F]%! !F4#!.


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38/102


*I+T,I) D) )TE 3)+IBEI)

) )TEC4#F%4!F#! d 4F%

A ?dd% d 4F% 4%!d% 3 F3 d% ?% 3 @J34F !% #3@ J4! !3! @%Kd#3!#34%! 3? @!!! 3 4F!F #4 @%! !%? !%F@%F3 J43?d3 d3 @?d3. A! 34@! d!

J4! % !%? F%4-4%#3@%F3 %@ #3@3 3 d! #34%! d! @!!! % d3! !3! 3 dd3?@ #4F%4 ! @%! #?3! F4?F3! !3 3 @%!@3 F%@J3 4%!?Fd3 d% %#! 34!d3 dd?3 %! %WJ4@%@ % #3@?#@ ! J4%%!]%! % 3! d%!%3! d3 4?J3 ?@d3!

J% %WJ%4X# dd? d% ?%@ ! %W%#?F. A!!@ J3d%@3! d%4 ?% B 4F% ?d3 34@ %34d % 3 #3F%`d3 ?% ! !J43? !% d%F#@ ?@ 34 J3F3 d% !%4 @J3!!% !%J44 3 ?% 34@ d3 ?% !% #3F%`d3.

P34 3?F43 d3 %!! %343 #4d34 #B@d 4F% 3 !#% d3 %!F?d3 F#3 %4#3 d?F3 3? d%d?F3 %@ d #3F4J3!3 d% F%34!. A 4F% 43F d% ?@?%#@%F3 F%434 #B@d3 F?3 ?% J433#d3 3? 3 J%3 @?d3 %WF%434 J%4@F%?@ !F33 #4 d3 !?%F3 #3@ 3 3%F3 d3 ?% !3@3! #3@ 3 ?% J3d%@3! !%4 %

J3!!F 4%4 d%J%d%F% d% !% 34@ 4%%d34.

) arte "o%o :or%a de "ohe"i%eto

C%4F3 `@%43 d% Fdd%! B?@! f #3@3 J3%! JF?4 4?F%F?4 3F%F43 @`!# %!#?F?4 f #4 @%! ?% %WJ4@%@ ?@ @3d3 d% !%F4 3 ? J34 !?

% !% F4d? ?@ 34@ #344%!J3d%F%. A d%!#3%4F d%!!% F3 %d3 #3!FF3 d%?% 4F% " ?@ @%4 !%!% d% #3B%#%4 d%4%#d d3 #3B%#@%F3 4#3 d3!3 3 3 4%!?Fd3 d% %!J%#?]%! 3!K#! %34d! J34 4d%! J%!d34%!d?4F% @! d% d3! @ 3! d%!d% 3! 4%3! F" 3! #3F%@J34%3!.

D%!! 34@ d%!#34?-!% J4F4 d% ,RACASTORO J%!d34 F3 d3 !"#?3$VI ?% 4F% 3 %W!F% J4 d!F44 3? J4 ?d4 J4%d%4 @! J4 4%%4 ?@@%4 d% !%4 J4KJ4 % #3@?@ F3d3! 3! B3@%!L F!F# 3? F?F.

E!F3? ?!% F%Fd3 4@4 ?% 4F% " F?d3 3 ?% 3 B3@%@ 4% #3@ J?4% d%%!J4F3 J4#J@%F% F%4%!!d3 3 ?% %!F %d3 % %@ #3@3 %!F %d3. A!!@

J3F d% %#B d3 d3 %@34 %F J4 #4 % @F4 " 4%d !3 3 @J#F3 ?%

J4KJ4 J3F !?%4% @%dd ?% J4%#% !? 34@ % J34 !!3 F34-!% %WJ4%!!3 d!%@3]%! d3 ?F34 %!?%#d3 d dd% J4F#. D @%!@ 34@ !?44@ 3! @#Bd3! dIdd% d P%d4 3! FJ%F%! d3! ^@d%! 3! F`@?3! d3! %J#3! 3! #3#4%! d3! d3! 3!F%@J3! 4%3! 3! 4%!#3! d R%!#% ! #F%d4! KF#! ! JF?4! #33! !FB! %@ @d%4 3 M4#. T3d! %!!! #4]%! FX@ !? 43 d% !%4 !F!3 d%%WX#! B?@! J4F#! 3? %@3F! @! ! ?F4J!!@ 3? ! F4!#%d%@. É J34 %!!43 ?% 4F% %! d %@ !? d@%!3 F!F# #3@3 3!3 K# 34@ % @34 #3d?F J4F#. T4F-!% d% @%4! d%4%F%! F4"! d! ?! 3 B3@%@

J43#?4 !? J%F?d% F%Fd3 #4 %% %4dd% 3 %@ f d%! J4%!%F%! %@F3d3! 3! F%@J3! % ?4%!.


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história da arte universal) arte e a so"iedade

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O ^@d% d3 d%!%4F3 4%#344% 3 FJ%F% J4 !% %WJ4%!!4 @! 3 FJ%F% #3@ !?!4%J%F]%! % !@33! " ?@ %F% #3-4%!J3!% d @%4 d% !%4 ^@d%. O %J#3

J%! 3?F4 d % #3!F4? F`@?3! % F%@J3! J4 3! @34F3! d%!Fd3! !34%%4 3 F4!F3 d! %4]%! %?F3 !?! 4%!dX#! d% d3% 44@%F% !?J%4@ !?%W!FX# F%44%. O #@3 % 4% J%4@%#%4 d3! F`@?3! % d3! F%@J3! #3F4!Fd3#3@ 3 %X@%43 d% !? @34d F%44%!F4% #%F? !%!3 d% #?4F J!!%@ d J4@%4

d %@ 4%3 J%4%dd% d 3?F4.A 4% 443# d! #dd%! #33! 3 #3!%_X# d% ?@ B?@dd%

J4%3#?Jd #3@ 43F! F4! #3F4Fd3 #3@ 4# @3 d !3 ?F?4 f J3!!Fd J% JW3 d% C4!F3 % #Fd J% F @!%4#K4d d% D%?! !%@J4%d!J3!F3 J%4d34 ?@ % ?% B3?%!!% 3 44%J%d@%F3. D !3 d3 J%#d34 44%J%dd3!#%@ 3! #@B3! % ! B! 3?! #?4! %43d! ! 3?F!. E ! #?4! % 3

3 d! 4%d%! 34@-!% 3 %!J4F3 d3 J33 4!%43.

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J%#?4dd%! J43?d! d% 4?J3! #dd%! % ]%! F%4!.

/+ BI5ITE+ D/ T)3)B*/

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AN:OS E SANTOS NASCENDO EM M9OS DE GANGRENA E EPRA.

(...) TODOS OS SONHOS &ARROCOS DESI=ANDO PEAS PEDRAS

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MODERNISMO A ,ESTA REQUINTADA DE UMA EITE CON,IANTE NOPROGRESSO.

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d3! ! 3!!! 4%! #?F?4!. D S%@ J4F#J4@ %F4% 3?F43!LANITA MA,ATTI

ASAR SEGA

OS;AD DE ANDRADE

M+RIO DE ANDRADE

VICTO &RECHERET

VICENTE DO REGO MONTEIRO

HEITOR VIA-O&OS

GRAA ARANHA

MENOTTI DE PICCHIA

RONAD DE CARVAHO

DI CAVACANTI

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