cut4e ch01 presentation

8/9/2019 CUT4e Ch01 Presentation

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Paradigm Publishing, Inc.1-1

Chapter 1 Our Digital World

Chapter 1

Our Digital World


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Presentation Overview

Immersed in Digital Technology

The Computer Advantage

How Computers Work

Computers and Computer Systems

Components of a Computer System

Categories of Computers


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Digital

Refers to an electronic signal that is processed,

sent, and stored as bits.

Bits are represented by on and off states


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How has digital technology infiltrated your

daily life?

Computer technology powers HDTVs,

microwave ovens, watches, cell phones, and

automobiles.

Emb

edd

ed chips, comput

ers, n

etworks, and th

eInternet and WWW enable us to communicate

globally.


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A computer is an electronic device that

operates under a set ofinstructions

accepts data that a user supplies

manipulates data according to a program

produces results

stores the results


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Speed

Computers operate with lightning-like speed.

PCs executebillions ofprogram instructions in

one second.

Supercomputers executetrillions of

instructions per second, the kind ofprocessingrequired to forecast the weather and monitor

space shuttleflights.


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Accuracy

Computers are accurate when accurate

programs and data areentered.

Ifinaccurate programs and/or data areentered

(garbage in), the output will also be inaccurate

(garbage out) GIGO.


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Versatility

Families use computers forentertainment,

communications, budgeting, online shopping,homework, playing games, and listening to

music.

Universities, government agencies, hospitals,

and scientific organizations conduct life-

enhancing research using computers.


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Versatility

Banks conduct money transfers, account

withdrawals, and payment ofchecks viacomputer.

Retailersprocess sales transactions and check

availability ofproducts.


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Versatility

Manufacturers manage theirentire production,

warehousing, and selling processes.

Schools keep records, conduct distance-

learning classes, scheduleevents, and analyze

budgets.


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Storage

Computers accept and

store programs anddata.

Users can access a

program again and

again to process

different data.

Computers store huge

amounts ofdata in tiny

physical spaces.


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Communications

Networks using special equipment and

programs allow computers to communicatewith each other through telephone lines, cable

connections, and satellites.

Users can exchange information overwireless

networks using personal digital assistants

(PDAs), notebook computers, cell phones, and

pagers.


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Communications

A local area network (LAN) is a network

confined to a small geographic area, such as abuilding, factory, or college campus.


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Communications

TheInternet is a

worldwide network oflarge and small

networks linked

together via

communications

hardware, software,and media for the

purpose of

communicating and

sharing information.


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Communications

The Internet is used for various purposes,

including Sending and receiving messages

Researching information

Buying and selling products and services

Taking online college courses

Accessing entertainment


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Communications

World Wide Web a system oflinked

computer networks that allows users to movefrom one site to another by way oflinks on

Web pages

Web page an electronic document stored on a

computer running the Web site

Search engine a software program that

locates and retrieves requested information


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What advantages do computers offer?

They provide speed, versatility, storage, and

communications.

They can be used in homes, the workplace, and

society.

They can be used to communicate, managefinances, analyze data, plan, research, and for

hundreds ofother purposes.


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How Computers Work

Types of Data

Text data letters, numbers, and special

characters

Graphic data photographs, charts, and

drawings

Audio data voice and music Video data moving pictures and images


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How Computers Work

Combining types of data can improve the

presentation quality of a message.


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How Computers Work

During the information processing cycle, data is entered

into a computer, processed, sent as output, and stored (if

required for future use).


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Computers and

Computer SystemsA personal computer

system includes

The system unit Input devices

Output devices

Storage devices

Communicationsdevices


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Components of a Computer

SystemParts of a Personal Computer System

The system unit theelectronic components

process data into info

Input devicesallow users to enter

instructions, data, and commands into

computers (keyboard, mouse, microphone)

Output devicesmake information available

to the user (display screen, printer)


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SystemParts of a Personal Computer System

Storage devicesprovidefor permanent

storage ofprograms, data, and information

Communications devicesallow a user to

exchange instructions, data, and information

with other computer users


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SystemWhat is the difference between a computer

and a computer system?

A computer is the part ofthe system thatprocesses the data into information.

A computer system includes the computer

along with input, output, storage, and

communication devices.


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Personal Computers

Fit on a desk, in a

briefcase, or are worn Execute 600 million to

three billion

instructions per second

Are used by a singleuser or as part ofa

network

Cost a few hundred to

thousands ofdollars


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Handheld Computers

Fit in a hand or are

carried in a pocket Execute a few hundred


Are used by a single

user or as part ofanetwork

Cost $99 to a few

hundred dollars


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Workstations

Are similar in size to

desktop PCs Execute three to five

billion instructions per

second

Are used by a singleuser or as part ofa

network

Cost a few thousand

dollars


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Midrange Servers

Fit into a large cabinet

Execute billions ofinstructions per second

Are used by hundreds

ofusers at the same

time

Cost $5,000 to

hundreds ofthousands

ofdollars


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Large Servers or

Mainframes

Occupy a full or partialroom

Execute billions of


Are used by hundredsofthousands ofusers at

the same time

Cost several thousands

to millions ofdollars


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Supercomputers

Occupy a full room

Execute trillions ofinstructions per second

Are used by thousands

ofusers at the same

time

Cost several million

dollars


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What are the basic categories of computers

and their distinguishing characteristics?

Personal computer self-contained, capableofinput, processing, output, and storage

Handheld computer fits comfortably in a

users hand

Workstationhigh-performance single-user

computer


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On the Horizon

Based on the information presented in this

chapter and your own experience, what do

you think is on the horizon?

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