7/29/2019 Curso GPS Leccin 3

1/2

H 57 >0(366H 57 >0(366

H 05 2; 56(2M >: 72 5;(3

Ig egrtafrgcg

Pmxta4 segr Fgimfa*Mi biaf m Ughtg Eruz+

G`mls m iimvgr skmlprm uhg eapkg klprmsg m ias

lgpgs `m ig zahg par ig qum tm vgs g lavmr *huheg sm

sgbm sk pum`m aeurrkr gifh pmreghem qum mdm khutkikzg`a

mi tmrlkhgi+ ms luy klpartghtm kspahmr uhg bumhg

egrtafrgcg tghta mh mi F^U eala mh tu ar`mhg`ar(

^ar qu sah tgh klpartghtms1]has lgpgs earrmetglmhtm getugikzg`as tm pmrlktmh

mstu`kgr mh egsg mi trgeo qum vgs g rmgikzgr *par

mdmlpia uha msegrfg`a m wkokiae+ a bkmh ermgrtm tu

prapka rmearrk`a y gs ha iimvgrtm sarprmsgs mh lktg`

`m ig sgik`g( Uk ig egrtafrgcg ha ms rmekmhtm) ms luy

jgbktugi qum ig smh`g par ah`m mbm trghseurrkr

tu sgik`g ha mxkstg y tm mheumhtrms eah qum jgy uhg

gutapkstg sumhg g ejkstm pmra ha ms tgh rgra(

@msfrgekg`glmhtm mh Mspgg tmhmlas uh smrvkeka

`m egrtafrgcg hgekahgi) mi EHKF qum par euipg m ias

tgh m la`g rmeartms ha tkmhm suckekmhtm prmsupumsta

eala pgrg tmhmr su bgsm egrtafrckeg getugikzg`g)

y ha ms kceki mheahtrgrtm eah qum sus gtas ls

rmekmhtms earrmspah`mh mh gifuhgs zahgs gi ga

2>>3 a ghtmrkar( Mstglas jgbigh`a mh mi lmdar `m

ias egsas `m 3 a 6 gas `m `mscgsm) `mlgskg`a(

Pkpas `m lgpgsIas prkhekpgims y jgbia g hkvmi hgekahgi

qum vgs g mheahtrgrtm sm `kvk`mh mh

`as frupas4 rstmr y vmetarkgims(

Kh`mpmh`kmhtmlmhtm mi tmrlkhgi qum utkikems) pa`rs

mheahtrgr gi lmhas uha `m mstas `as tkpas `m lgpgs

pgrg tu pigtgcarlg *skmlprm qum tmhfgs uh tmrlkhgi

qum smg ealpgtkbim eah lgpgs+) pmra sk g`mls utkikzgs

tmrlkhgims Fgrlkh a Pwahgv tmh`rs g tu kspaskekh

ias as carlgtas) m kheiusa pa`rs supmrpahmr uhas

sabrm ias atras pgrg tmhmr lgyar `mtgiim `m igs zahgs(

Smetarkgims vs rstmrIgs kcmrmhekgs ls klpartghtms mhtrm

uh tkpa u atra sah igs skfukmhtms4

]h lgpg vmetarkgi) eala su halbrm kh`keg mst carlg`a

par vmetarms qum par sus egrgetmrstkegs aeupgh lueja

lmhas qum uhg klgfmh eahvmhekahgi *dpmf) blp) phf+)

par ia qum g ig jarg `m lavmria tghta mh tu fps eala

mi ar`mhg`ar) sm jgr `m uhg lghmrg ls ciuk`g(

Ias rstmr par mi eahtrgrka) ha `mdgh `m smr klfmhms

mh gitg rmsaiuekh fmarrmcmrmhekg`gs( ar mdmlpia)

`mhtra m ias rstmr tmhmlas igs artacatas) qum

smfurglmhtm eahaemrs) yg qum sah uhg `m igs vkstgs

praparekahg`gs par Faafim Mgrtj) sah msgs klfmhms

Uk ig egrtafrgcg ha ms rmekmhtm) ms luyjgbktugi qum ig smh`g par `ah`m `mbmtrghseurrkr tu sgik`g ha mxkstg

Uk jgy gifa rmgilmhtm klpartghtm gpgrtm `mi tmrlkhgi qum jgs g`qukrk`a) ms ig egrtafrgcg

`kspahkbim pgrg mi lksla( Pmhmr uhas bumhas lgpgs tm pum`m sgegr mh ls `m uhg aegskh

`m uh bumh gpura) yg qum sk iimfgs g uh puhta mh mi qum tkmhms qum klpravksgr uhg

rutg gitmrhgtkvg) ig apekh ls ifkeg ms fukgrtm par uhas bumhas lgpgs(

Rstmr / vmetarkgi) ealbkhgekh pmrcmetg) yg qum gi supmrpahmr igs `kstkhtgs egpgs qum

ealpahmh uh lgpg vmetarkgi) eahsmfuklas tmhmr uhg lmdar vkskh `m ig zahg( G`mls) sk

ig zahg `m ig artacata mst ealpumstg par mdmlpia par basqums `mhsas) gi supmrpahmr mi

vmetarkgi) has pmrlktm sgbmr sk mxkstmh eglk has a smh`mras bgda mstgs zahgs(

Lgpgs vmetarkgims) aeupgh lmhas) ha pkxmikzgh) y ia lmdar `m ta`a pmrlktmh kh`mxgr `gtas y

rmgikzgr bsqum`gs `m puhtas `m khtmrs) pmra msta ha ms ta`a) sk g`mls ms rutmgbim pa`rs

smimeekahgr uh puhta `mi lgpg y mi fps sm mhegrfgr `m ermgr uhg rutg gutaltkeg bgsh`asm

mh pgrlmtras tgims eala4 @kstghtkg ls eartg) rutg ls rpk`g) mimlmhtas g mvktgr(

Artacata grmg) ms ig tpkeg vkstg qum pum`ms mheahtrgr sk utkikzgs par mdmlpia Faafim Mgrtj)

mstm tkpa `m lgpgs ha `mdg `m smr uhg klgfmh `m luy gitg rmsaiuekh qum sm mheumhtrg

fmarrmcmrmhekg`g( Wukzs vksugilmhtm smgh ls khtuktkvas qum uhg vkstg `m uh lgpg vmetarkgi

pmra mh mxtmrkarms y `mpmh`kmh`a `m smfh qum zahg sah `kcekims `m vksugikzgr mh uh fps) sah

k`mgims pgrg ermgr trgeos a rutgs `ms`m mi ar`mhg`ar

2UaiaBkekLGRT A

2>75

UaiaBkekLGRT A

2>75:5

E]RUA @M F^U EG^P]IA 5

7/29/2019 Curso GPS Leccin 3

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talg`gs `ms`m uhg vkstg grmg(

]hg egrgetmrstkeg `m ias rstmr) gi kfugi

qum eugiqukmr catafrgcg) ms qum g ig

jarg `m gpikegr uh zaal mimvg`a g ig

vkstg `mi lgpg vmrmlas eala ig klgfmh

prmsmhtg uhg eigrg pkxmikzgekh) msta mh ias

vmetarkgims ha aeurrm) pum`ms glpikgrias

ta`a ia qum qukmrgs qum ha suem`mr(^grg qum tm jgfgs uhg k`mg) uh lgpg

vmetarkgi ms eala mi qum kheiuymh

ias hgvmfg`arms `m eaejm(

^mrsahgilmhtm apkha qum sk pa`mlas

mimfkr mhtrm uha y atra pgrg uhg lkslg

zahg) has `meghtmlas par mi vmetarkgi)

tkmhmh vgrkgs cuhekahms qum ias jgemh

khtmrmsghtsklas) par mdmlpia pmrlktmh ig

kh`mxgekh `m sus `gtas) y frgekgs g miia)

pum`ms rmgikzgr bsqum`gs) par mdmlpia

pum`ms busegr `ah`m sm mheumhtrg mi

pumbia ls emregha) mi jatmi) mi bghea) mte()

msta ha sm pum`m jgemr eah uh rstmr(

Atrg apekh khtmrmsghtm y qum sm mst

khearpargh`a paea g paea) ms ig paskbkik`g`

`m kheiukr `gtas `m mhrutg`a mh ias lgpgs

vmetarkgims) eah msta eahsmfukrmlas uh

cuhekahglkmhta pgrmek`a g ias lgpgs `m ias

fps `m`keg`as g gutalaekh) tm pahfa uh

mdmlpia( Klgfkhg qum msts `mspigzh`atm

par ig pghtgiig `m tu fps busegh`a uh

rmcufka `ah`m pgsgr ig haejm) pkegh`a mh

ig pghtgiig `mi lksla) y `mpmh`kmh`a `mi

tmrlkhgi qum utkikems gpgrmemr ig apekh

`m hgvmfgr gj) sk ig mseafms) mi prapka

tmrlkhgi tm ermgr uhg rutg `krmetg g su

ubkegekh utkikzgh`a ias eglkhas y smh`mras(Uk msta lksla ia jkeksmlas eah uh lgpg

rstmr has trgzgrg uhg ihmg rmetg `ms`m

humstrg paskekh jgstg mi rmcufka(

Mh tkmlpas `m erkskslgpgs frgtuktas(Frgekgs g ig igbar `mskhtmrmsg`g `m uh

bumh pug`a m usugrkas) mh Mspgg

`kspahmlas `m uhas lgpgs frgtuktas

lgfhckeas) mstas sah saia uhas mdmlpias(

^grg `kspasktkvas Fgrlkh g hkvmi hgekahgi

`kspahmlas `m ias lgpgs PapaJkspghkg 2(>0)

sah vmetarkgims) tkmhm cuhekh `m mhrutg`a y

tkmhmh `gtas @ML) guhqum tglbkh ias tkmhms

mh vmrskh skh `gtas @ML( Pkmhms mh su wmb

`kspahkbim pgrg ig `msegrfg tghta vmrskh

eah khstgig`ar *pgrg ^E a Lge+ eala vmrskh

pgrg `kspasktkva qum saia tmh`rs qum eapkgr

mh ig tgrdmtg a lmlarkg khtmrhg `mi lksla(

Atra praymeta khtmrmsghtm ms DHZ Upgkh)

mh mstm egsa lgpgs rstmr y mh carlgta

jkpmrlgpg) ah`m tkmhms ta`g Mspgg

`kspahkbim pgrg su `msegrfg(

^grg `kspasktkvas Pwahgv mxkstm tglbkh

uhg vmrskh `mi PapaJkspghkg) mh mstm egsa

ig vmrskh 2(>5) qum mst `kspahkbim mh

vmrskh pgrg mi EalpmF^U Igh` y pgrg eapkgr`krmetglmhtm mh mi `kspasktkva) y gi kfugi qum

Fgrlkh) mxkstm igs lkslg egrtafrgcg rstmr

mh carlgta jkpmrlgpg ikstg pgrg `msegrfgr

y `kscrutgr) ha tkmhms mxeusg pgrg ha iimvgr

ia itkla mh lgpgs sk pgfgr uh mura(

Lgpgs

Wum sah ias lgpgs eahkhcarlgekh @ML1

]has lgpgs earrmetglmhtm getugikzg`as tmpmrlktmh mstu`kgr mh egsg mi trgeo qum vgs grmgikzgr a bkmh ermgrtm tu prapka rmearrk`a y gs haiimvgrtm sarprmsgs

JkpmrlgpgsMs uh carlgta arkfkhgi `m ig pigtgcarlg Pwahgv qum `mhalkhg g ias lgpgs

ealpumstas par vgrkgs egpgs( Ms `mekr pa`rmlas vmr `kcmrmhtms lgpgs a vkstgssmfh mi hkvmi `m zaal gpikeg`a) par mdmlpia g 2>> ltrs `m zaal vmr uh rstmr

eahvmhekahgi) gi iimfgr g 7=> ltrs vksugikzgr uh rstmr 742=(>>>) y g uh zaal

lmhar `m :> ltrs vksugikzgr uhg artacata( Sksugilmhtm sah luy khtuktkvas) pmra

g hkvmi `m vksugikzgekh mh ig pghtgiig `mi fps ha sah hg`g eigras `m `kstkhfukr(

Uah lgpgs eah khcarlgekh `m mimvgekh mh eg`g uhg `m sus eaar`mhg`gs qum

skrvmh pgrg abtmhmr `gtas `m giturg g ig jarg `m ermgr humstrgs sgik gs `ms`m

egsg) a bkmh) vmr mi pmrcki `mi rmearrk`a sk ias tmhmlas khstgig`as mh mi fps y

trgzglas uh rmearrk`a sabrm mi lksla( Mh mi egsa `m `kspasktkvas Pwahgv sm

`mhalkhgh E@ML(

:0UaiaBkekLG RT A

2>75

E]RUA @M F^U