Universidad de Salamanca

Facultad de Biología

Biblioteca

Bionoticias Enero (1ª) de Febrero 2015

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índice

Avisos de la Facultad 4

Biología 10

Biomedicina 14

Biotecnología 18

Neurociencia 24

.Avisos de la Facultad

Próximo Seminario INCYL: Martes 3 a las

12.00

PRÓXIMO SEMINARIO CENTRO

INVESTIGACIÓN DEL CÁNCER

Título: Repair of Topoisomerase II-blocked DNA double-strand breaks: molecular mechanisms and pathological implications Ponente: Felipe Cortés-Ledesma Procedencia: Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER) [Sevilla] Fecha: 05/02/2015 Hora: 12:30 Salón de Actos del CIC

SEMINARIO IBSAL

Título: Presentación del Servicio de Bioinformática de Nucleus

PONENTE: Dr. Carlos Prieto, Responsable del Servicio de Bioinformática

de la plataforma de apoyo a la investigación (Nucleus).- Universidad de

Salamanca

Próximo día lunes 2 de febrero HORA Y LUGAR: 13:30 horas, el Salón de Actos del Hospital Clínico de

Salamanca

Calendario de seminarios IBFG

Calendario de seminarios Departamental

+ INFO en Facebook: BioBiblioteca

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.Biología

¿A dónde va la grasa desaparecida cuando adelgazamos? A pesar de la preocupación mundial por el sobrepeso, y de los esfuerzos que mucha gente invierte en seguir dietas o hacer ejercicios que la ayuden a perder los kilos sobrantes, muchas personas, e incluso bastantes profesionales de la salud, no tienen muy claro adónde va a parar la grasa corporal...

Descubren que las nuevas neuronas están “ávidas” por transmitir información Al contrario de lo que postulaba un dogma clásico de la biología, desde hace un par de décadas se sabe que el cerebro sigue fabricando neuronas durante toda su vida, un proceso conocido como “neurogénesis”. Sin embargo, los científicos todavía ignoran cuál es la función de esas nuevas neuronas y...

Fósil de una especie desconocida hasta ahora de reptil marino del periodo Triásico Los últimos análisis de unos restos fósiles encontrados en China corroboran que corresponden a una rara especie con cuello corto de reptil marino del periodo Triásico. Dicha especie era desconocida previamente. El hallazgo lo ha hecho el equipo de Xiao-hong Chen, del Centro de Wuhan del...

Reconstruyen la evolución ocular final que dotó al Ser Humano de la visión en color Se necesitaron muchas mutaciones genéticas en los pigmentos visuales, distribuidas a lo largo de millones de años, para que desde un mamífero primitivo con una vista que solo le permitía ver el mundo como un lugar

Sustancias fluorescentes almacenan carbono antropogénico en el océano profundo Las 800 muestras de agua recogidas en todos los océanos durante la circunnavegación del buque Hespérides en el marco de la expedición Malaspina han permitido ahondar en el conocimiento de la bomba microbiana de carbono, un SINC

La diversidad de los bosques mediterráneos mejora su resistencia a la sequía Un equipo internacional de científicos ha comparado la respuesta fisiológica a años secos en 160 áreas forestales que representan cinco tipos diferentes de bosques. SINC

Identifican en el cerebro el “interruptor” de la sed Se han identificado las neuronas que desencadenan nuestra sensación de sed, y las neuronas que la apagan, en una investigación que pone fin a una larga búsqueda de la comunidad científica. El hallazgo podría llevar a

Las serpientes más antiguas jamás descubiertas revelan su verdadera edad Hasta ahora los científicos databan el origen de las serpientes en hace 100 millones de años, pero el hallazgo de cuatro nuevas especies fósiles procedentes de Reino Unido, Portugal y EE UU demuestra que

Los ejemplares jóvenes de tiburón tigre se quedan cerca de la costa brasileña Los ataques de tiburón tigre a humanos registrados en el noreste de Brasil en los últimos años han motivado a los investigadores a conocer mejor el hábitat y el comportamiento de esta especie. Un SINC

La flora y fauna del Teide en peligro por la abeja de la miel El Parque Nacional del Teide en Tenerife posee el mayor número de colmenas por kilómetro cuadrado del mundo, un récord que podría provocar una situación ecológica de no retorno. Un nuevo estudio advierte que la introducción de la SINC

El 50% del CO2 que emiten los lagos procede de la disolución de las rocas Un estudio publicado en la revista Nature Geoscience aporta nuevos datos, recopilados de un total de 101 embalses repartidos por toda la península ibérica, para explicar la sobresaturación de CO2 en los lagos. SINC

Un satélite de la NASA medirá la humedad del planeta El próximo jueves, 29 de enero, está previsto el lanzamiento de SMAP, un satélite de la NASA que se dedicará, por primera vez y en exclusiva, a medir la humedad de la superficie de la Tierra. Los datos serán SINC

Logran un alargamiento artificial de los telómeros que retrasa el reloj del envejecimiento Los telómeros son como el reloj de arena de la vida. Cada vez que una célula de una persona se divide, hace una segunda copia de los 46 cromosomas y envía una a cada una de las dos células resultantes. A medida que se generan las copias, en

Desentrañando el misterio de la extinción de los extraños lémures gigantes de Madagascar La isla africana de Madagascar ha sido conocida desde hace mucho como una tierra de seres vivos inusuales, hasta el punto de que en ese sentido podría considerársela como un continente propio. Más del

La sequía escribió la historia de auge y decadencia cultural de Mesoamérica El ascenso y el declive de la ciudad prehispánica de Cantona, en el centro de México, están ligados al clima, en particular a un periodo árido comprendido entre los años 500 y 1150 d. C. Los resultados del SINC

El extraño caso de las mariposas carnívoras La mayoría de las mariposas se alimentan de plantas, pero una parte de ellas, unas 140 especies que pertenecen a la subfamilia Miletinae, es una excepción. Un nuevo estudio SINC

Los petirrojos europeos ya no viajan a España para invernar Un estudio publicado en la revista Ardeola muestra cómo los ejemplares de petirrojos europeos procedentes del centro y norte de Europa cada vez viajan menos a la península ibérica para pasar el SINC

Los nanofósiles de El Hierro ponen a Canarias más cerca de Hawái Trozos de sedimento del Cretácico envueltos en lava salieron a flote con la erupción submarina de El Hierro, en 2011, aportando a los científicos valiosos datos sobre el fondo oceánico de las islas. El análisis de los SINC

Los murciélagos del Caribe sobrevivieron a la última glaciación Hace varios miles de años, las islas del Caribe fueron el hogar de cerca de 77 especies de mamíferos terrestres no voladores como perezosos, monos o insectívoros. Sin

¿Dos poblaciones separadas de ballenas azules en el Pacífico Sudeste? Tras diversos análisis, todo apunta a que en el Pacífico Sudeste viven dos poblaciones claramente diferenciadas de ballenas azules. Una de las poblaciones podría estar integrada esencialmente por una

La facilidad de cooperación entre el Ser Humano y el perro se basa en las habilidades sociales de los lobos Siempre se ha creído, acerca del origen de la domesticación del perro, que este animal se volvió tolerante a la presencia humana y capaz de interactuar con humanos debido a un intenso proceso de selección realizado por las personas, que escogían a los individuos que más

.Biomedicina

Los marcapasos con conexión a

internet, un objetivo no muy lejano

Un investigadora de la Universidad del País Vasco ha diseñado un protocolo de seguridad eficiente para proteger la información de marcapasos y dispositivos médicos similares conectados a internet. Su SINC

Ampliado el catálogo de quimeras

biológicas para el estudio del

genoma

Un equipo de investigadores del CNIO ha recopilado hasta 29.000 quimeras biológicas procedentes de ocho especies, incluidas la humana, el ratón y la levadura. El catálogo es SINC

Descubren dos variantes de genes

que protegen a ciertas personas

contra el VIH

Un equipo internacional de investigadores ha detectado dos variantes de genes que protegen contra la infección por VIH. Los expertos han descubierto la resistencia innata que poseen ciertas personas muy expuestas al virus, que no desarrollan la enfermedad debido a ese grupo de genes que lo SINC

La información de los centros de

salud ayuda a Google a predecir

epidemias de gripe

La búsqueda masiva de síntomas de gripe en internet ayuda a anticipar una epidemia. Investigadores estadounidenses han combinado los SINC

Descubren un nuevo avance

implicado en el cáncer y alzhéimer

La alteración del funcionamiento celular genera numerosas e importantes enfermedades humanas, por ello conocer este sistema de transporte celular tiene SINC

Un contaminante presente en

alimentos grasos aumenta el riesgo

de cáncer en hombres

Un estudio internacional, con participación de la Universidad de Granada, ha demostrado que la exposición a un contaminante SINC

Oncología personalizada del cáncer,

premio Fronteras del Conocimiento

en Biomedicina

Tony Hunter, Joseph Schlessinger y

Charles Sawyers han sido

galardonados hoy con el premio

Fundación BBVA Fronteras del

Conocimiento en Biomedicina por

hacer posible el tratamiento

SINC

Descubren un nuevo avance

implicado en el cáncer y el alzhéimer

La alteración del funcionamiento

celular genera numerosas e

importantes enfermedades

humanas, por ello conocer este

sistema de transporte celular tiene

una relevancia biomédica. Un nuevo

SINC

Alargar el duodeno en niños que no

tienen intestino delgado puede

evitar el trasplante

El equipo del Servicio de Cirugía

Pediátrica del Hospital

Maternoinfantil Vall d’Hebron ya ha

realizado tres intervenciones con una

nueva técnica para alargar el

duodeno en niños que no tienen

SINC

Descubiertas dos nuevas mutaciones

en colangiocarcinoma

Un estudio liderado por investigadores del IDIBAPS y financiado por la aecc-Cataluña contra el Cáncer de Barcelona ha identificado, por primera vez, dos SINC

Identificado un actor clave en las

infecciones de ‘E. coli’

Un grupo del Instituto de

Bioingeniería de Catalunya ha

identificado un factor importante en

las infecciones de E. coli, la

enzima ribonucleótido

SINC

Descubren un nuevo mecanismo

para la formación de plaquetas en

sangre

Investigadores del CNIO han descrito

un nuevo mecanismo celular,

denominado endociclo, que impulsa

la formación de plaquetas, las células

necesarias para la coagulación de la

SINC

Los hermanos con autismo tienen

diferentes genes de riesgo asociados

El mayor estudio sobre el genoma

del autismo hasta el momento indica

que sus bases genéticas son aún más

complejas de lo que se pensaba.

Según el trabajo, la mayoría de

hermanos con autismo tienen

diferentes genes asociados al

trastorno. En paralelo, los autores

han descargado los datos de 1.000

genomas de autismo en un portal de

acceso abierto en Google Cloud,

donde tienen previsto incluir hasta

SINC

Controlan infecciones virales en

ratones

Un estudio con ratones

genéticamente modificados, en el

que participa la Universidad

Autónoma de Madrid, abre la

posibilidad de controlar la respuesta

inmune frente a los virus alterando la

maquinaria celular.

SINC

Generan un modelo animal para

estudiar la enfermedad galactosemia

tipo III

El grupo de investigación de la

Universidad Pablo de Olavide

liderado por Manuel Muñoz ha

desarrollado un modelo de la

enfermedad galactosemia tipo III en

un pequeño gusano llamado

Caenorhabditis elegans. Para ello han

generado una estirpe de gusano que

lleva inactivado el mismo gen que

está afectado en los enfermos

humanos de galactosemia tipo III, el

gen GALE. Sus resultados se han

publicado rec

SINC

.Biotecnología

Genómica: obligación de replantear derechos y deberes Según expertos, el manejo de la

información de la secuenciación

genómica exigiría revisar aspectos

como intimidad, protección de datos

y autonomía.

La patología afecta al biomaterial

empleado

La enfermedad de un paciente

concreto puede tener un gran

impacto en la forma en que se

comporta un biomaterial en su

organismo.

Crean un biobanco de defectos

inmunitarios

El Hospital Valle de Hebrón, de

Barcelona, recopilará una colección

de muestras de inmunodeficiencias

primarias.

Descubren cómo el parásito del

sueño elude la respuesta inmune

El parásito tiene su superficie

cubierta por una capa compuesta de

múltiples proteínas del mismo tipo

llamada glicoproteína variable de

superficie (VSG).

Manual de uso de tirosina-cinasa,

premio BBVA

Tres científicos que han contribuido

a desarrollar una nueva terapia para

el cáncer, premio Fundación BBVA

Fronteras del Conocimiento en

Biomedicina.

Revelan cómo se pone en marcha el

sistema de transporte vesicular

Al contrario de lo que se pensaba

hasta el momento, solamente

cuando hay un número determinado

de proteínas y están suficientemente

bien hechas se forma la vesícula para

transportarlas a su destino final.

X-ray study reveals division of labor in cell health protein A key protein for cell health, which

has recently been linked to diabetes,

cancer and other diseases, can

multitask by having two identical

protein parts divide labor, scientists

DNA clock helps to get measure of

people's lifespans

A biological clock that provides vital

clues about how long a person is

likely to live has been discovered by

researchers. Researchers studied

chemical changes to DNA that take

place over a lifetime, and can help

Why is a dolphin not a cat?

Repurposing non-coding elements in

genome gave rise to great

'mammalian radiation'

A study of gene regulation in 20

mammals provides new insights into

how species diverged millions of

years ago. The findings demonstrate

how methods and tools for genetic

Green tea ingredient may target

protein to kill oral cancer cells

A compound found in green tea may

trigger a cycle that kills oral cancer

cells while leaving healthy cells

alone, according to food scientists.

The research could lead to

Genetic basis of color diversity in

coral reefs discovered

Scientists have discovered the

genetic basis which allows corals to

produce their stunning range of

colors. They have found that instead

of using a single gene to control

Latent HIV may lurk in 'quiet'

immune cells, research suggests

HIV can lie dormant in infected cells

for years, even decades. Scientists

think unlocking the secrets of this

viral reservoir may make it possible

to cure, not just treat, HIV.

Supercomputing the evolution of a

model flower

Cold and drought sensitive genes in

Arabidopsis thaliana flowering plant

found to evolve differential

expression responses. Findings

increase basic understanding of plant

adaptation and can be applied to

improve crops. Scientists combined

Powerful tool promises to change

the way scientists view proteins

Life scientists now have access to a

publicly available web resource that

streamlines and simplifies the

process of gleaning insight from 3-D

protein structures. Aquaria, as it's

In a role reversal, RNAs proofread

themselves

Building a protein is a lot like a game

of telephone: information is passed

along from one messenger to

another, creating the potential for

errors. Enzymatic machines

Structure of world's largest single cell

is reflected at the molecular level

Biologists used the world’s largest

single-celled organism, an aquatic

alga called Caulerpa taxifolia, to

study the nature of structure and

form in plants. It is a single cell that

can grow to a length of six to twelve

Among gut microbes, strains, not just

species, matter

Sophisticated genomic techniques

now allow scientists to estimate the

strains, not just the species, in

samples of the human gut's microbe

collection. Differences in the strains

Ancient 'genomic parasites' spurred

evolution of pregnancy in mammals

Large-scale genetic changes that

marked the evolution of pregnancy

in mammals have been identified by

an international team of scientists.

They found thousands of genes that

evolved to be expressed in the

uterus in early mammals.

Did genetic links to modern maladies

provide ancient benefits?

Genetic variations associated with

some modern maladies are

extremely old, scientists have

discovered, predating the evolution

of Neanderthals, Denisovans

(another ancient hominin) and

Damaged DNA may stall patrolling

molecule to initiate repair

Sites where DNA is damaged may

cause a molecule that slides along

the DNA strand to scan for damage

to slow on its patrol, delaying it long

enough to recognize and initiate

repair. These finding suggest that the

delay itself may be the key that

Cell imaging gets colorful

The detection and imaging of

protein-protein interactions in live

cells just got a lot more colorful,

thanks to a new technology. The new

method converts biochemical

processes into color changes that are

easily visualized. This method is a

New protein detonates 'invincible'

bacteria from within

The epidemic of 'superbugs,' bacteria

resistant to antibiotics, knows no

borders -- presenting a clear and

present danger around the globe.

From bacterium to biofactory

A genetic blueprint for organelles

that give simple cells new functions

has been developed by scientists. A

research team has refuted a long-

held assumption in biology: The

Into the dark: Two new encrusting

anemones found in coral reef caves

Three marine biologists from Japan

have discovered two new and

unusually unique species of

encrusting anemone. Unlike almost

all known species within their genus,

these two new species do not have

light-harvesting symbiotic

zooxanthellae, having lost them as

New mechanism unlocked for

evolution of green fluorescent

protein

A primary challenge in the

biosciences is to understand the way

major evolutionary changes in nature

are accomplished. Sometimes the

The origin of life: Labyrinths as

crucibles of life

Water-filled micropores in hot rock

may have acted as the nurseries in

which life on Earth began. A team

has now shown that temperature

gradients in pore systems promote

Relationship critical for how cells

ingest matter

To survive and fulfill their biological

functions, cells need to take in

material from their environment. In

this process, proteins within the cell

3D enzyme model provides new tool

for anti-inflammatory drug

development

To better understand PLA2 enzymes

and help drive therapeutic drug

development, researchers developed

3-D computer models that show

exactly how two PLA2 enzymes

How tropical parasite hijacks cells

Scientists have pinned down how a

dangerous tropical parasite which is

transmitted by ticks manages to turn

healthy cells into cancer-like invasive

cells, according to research.

New mechanism to aid cells under

stress identified

New details in a cellular mechanism

that serves as a defense against

stress have been identified by a team

of biologists. The findings potentially

offer insights into tumor progression

Hemin improves adipocyte

morphology, function by enhancing

proteins of regeneration

Obesity has escalated in every

segment of the population including

children, adolescences and adults. In

obesity, impaired lipid and glucose

metabolism are implicated in the

conundrum of cardiometabolic

Chemists find a way to unboil egg

whites: Ability to quickly restore

molecular proteins could slash

biotechnology costs

Chemists have figured out how to

unboil egg whites -- an innovation

that could dramatically reduce costs

for cancer treatments, food

production and other segments of

the $160 billion global biotechnology

industry, according to new findings.

Frogs prove ideal models for studying

developmental timing

Thyroid hormone receptor alpha

plays an important role in hind limb

development in frogs, scientists have

found. With new gene mutation

technology, researchers were able to

successfully mutate the gene in the

tadpole models, discovering the

value of tadpoles as ideal models for

studying the role of hormones in

development because of the timely

metamorphosis from tadpole to

.Neurociencia

How negative stereotyping affects

older people

The most comprehensive analysis to

date of research on the effect of

negative stereotypes on older

people's abilities has concluded that

these stereotypes create a significant

Repeated head blows linked to

smaller brain volume, slower

processing speeds

The Impact of repeated head blows

is evident at relatively young age,

researchers report, and is linked to a

heightened risk of cognitive

impairment. Researchers warn that

Study on dopamine neurons could

instruct research into mobility and

neurological disorders

For the first time, researchers have

shown when and why dopamine

releasing cells in the forebrain are

activated. The team has examined

Brain circuit that controls compulsive

overeating and sugar addiction

discovered

Compulsive overeating and sugar

addiction are major threats to

human health, but potential

treatments face the risk of impairing

Former NFL players who played

tackle football before age 12 at

increased risk of memory, thinking

problems later

Former National Football League

(NFL) players who participated in

tackle football before the age of 12

were more likely to have memory

and thinking problems in adulthood,

Does getting 'expensive' drug affect

how much patient benefits?

People's perceptions of the cost of a

drug may affect how much they

benefit from the drug, even when

they are receiving only a placebo,

Fluorescent dyes 'light up' brain

cancer cells

Two new fluorescent dyes attracted

to cancer cells may help

neurosurgeons more accurately

localize and completely resect brain

tumors, suggests a new study.

Low-frequency deep brain

stimulation improves difficult-to-

treat Parkinson's symptoms

Parkinson’s disease patients treated

with low-frequency deep brain

stimulation show significant

improvements in swallowing

dysfunction and freezing of gait over

Some traumatic brain injury

treatments are ineffective, research

finds

Researchers finds platelet

transfusions and DDAVP are not

effective in preventing further

bleeding in the brain or in reducing

the risk of death for patients with

Practicing nursing care in a virtual

world

Oculus Rift, a gaming headset,

can help teach nurses how to

communicate better, researchers

suggest. The Oculus Rift headset

gives your body and your mind the

Key discovery to preventing

blindness, stroke devastation

Gene interactions that determine

whether cells live or die in such

conditions as age-related macular

degeneration and ischemic stroke

have been discovered by

researchers. These common

Treating Cerebral Malaria: New

Molecular Target Identified

A drug already approved for treating

other diseases may be useful as a

treatment for cerebral malaria,

according to researchers who

discovered a novel link between food

New technologies to help patients

with Parkinson's disease

New wearable sensor networks and

mobile phone applications are being

tested for their potential to monitor

and manage patients with

Parkinson’s disease. The research

Complex environments push 'brain'

evolution

Little animations trying to master a

computer game are teaching

neuroscience researchers how the

brain evolves when faced with

difficult tasks. Neuroscientists have

FDA approves first-of-kind device to

treat obesity

The U.S. Food and Drug

Administration has approved the

Maestro Rechargeable System for

certain obese adults, the first weight

loss treatment device that targets

the nerve pathway between the

brain and the stomach that controls

First-ever view of protein structure

may lead to better anxiety drugs

When new medicines are invented,

the drug may hit the intended target

and nullify the symptoms, but nailing

a bull's eye -- one that produces zero

side effects -- can be quite elusive.

New research has, for the first time,

revealed the crystal structure of a

Walking on ice takes more than

brains: 'Mini-brain' in spinal cord aids

in balance

Scientists have discovered how a

"mini-brain" in the spinal cord aids in

balance. Much of the balancing act

that our bodies perform when faced

with a task such as walking on an icy

surface happens unconsciously,

thanks to a cluster of neurons in our

spinal cord that function as a "mini-

brain" to integrate sensory

Common pesticide may increase risk

of ADHD

A new study provides strong

evidence, using data from animal

models and humans, that exposure

to a common household pesticide

may be a risk factor for ADHD.

Infants create new knowledge while

sleeping

There is no rest for a baby's brain --

not even in sleep. While infants sleep

they are reprocessing what they

have learned. Researchers have

discovered that babies of the age

New deep-brain imaging reveals

separate functions for nearly

identical neurons

New deep-brain imaging shows

activity of individual, genetically

similar neurons to particular

behaviors of mice. Scientists watched

as one neuron was activated when a

Obesity, diabetes symptoms in mice

improved by reversing brain

inflammation

Using an antioxidant to reverse

inflammation in the brain caused by

a high-fat diet greatly improves

symptoms related to obesity and

type 2 diabetes, a new study

How poverty may affect memory

Investigators have studied whether

working memory of children living in

rural poverty is distinct from the

working memory profiles of children

in urban poverty. The results clearly

Novel eye-tracking technology

detects concussions, head injury

severity

New research could move the

medical community one step closer

toward effectively detecting

concussion and quantifying its

severity. Neuroscientists and

Functioning brain tissue grown in 3-D

structure

Researchers have induced human

embryonic stem cells to self-organize

into a three-dimensional structure

similar to the cerebellum, providing

tantalizing clues in the quest to

recreate neural structures in the

laboratory. One of the primary goals

Can synesthesia be taught? Colored

letters, tasty sounds?

Can synesthesia have cognitive

benefits and can it be taught? There

are over 60 known types of

synesthesia, a condition in which

stimulation of one sense, such as

Beer compound could help fend off

Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases

The health-promoting perks of wine

have attracted the spotlight recently,

leaving beer in the shadows. But

scientists are discovering new ways

in which the latter could be a more

Concentrating on word sounds helps

reading instruction and intervention

A neuroimaging study by

psychologist suggests that phonics

shouldn't be overlooked in favor of a

whole-language technique, a finding

that could help improve treatment

and diagnosis of common reading

disorders.

Why upper motor neurons

degenerate in ALS

Scientists have revealed a

mechanism underlying the cellular

degeneration of the upper motor

neurons that die in ALS, and

developed a model system that will

Novel radioguided brain surgery

technique could help pinpoint

cancerous tissue

A novel radioguided surgery

technique could quickly and

effectively identify residual cancer

cells during brain tumor surgery,

with low radiation exposure for both

Playing with puzzles, blocks may

build children's spatial skills

Play may seem like fun and games,

but new research shows that specific

kinds of play are actually associated

with development of particular

cognitive skills. Data from an

New theoretical framework for

future studies of resilience

Stress, traumatic events, and difficult

life situations play a significant role

in the development of many mental

illnesses, such as depression, anxiety,

addiction. However, not everyone

exposed to such circumstances

develops a psychological disorder as

Intracranial stimulation proved

efficient in the recovery of learning

and memory in rats

Stimulation of the hypothalamus

completely reverses learning and

memory deficits caused by brain

lesions in rats, according to a first

time discovery. The research has also

Cell imaging gets colorful

The detection and imaging of

protein-protein interactions in live

cells just got a lot more colorful,

thanks to a new technology. The new

Novel compound switches off

epilepsy development

A novel compound helps curtail the

onset and progression of temporal

lobe epilepsy, researchers have

discovered. The finding may

contribute to the development of

anti-epileptic therapies, they say.

New biological evidence reveals link

between brain inflammation and

major depression

The measure of brain inflammation

in people who were experiencing

clinical depression was increased by

30 per cent, researchers have

discovered. These findings have

Psychopathic violent offenders’

brains can’t understand punishment

Psychopathic violent offenders have

abnormalities in the parts of the

brain related to learning from

punishment, according to an MRI

study.

That's using your head: Brain

regulates fat metabolism, potentially

stopping disease

Atherosclerosis -- hardening and

narrowing of the arteries -- can be

caused by fat build up that causes

plaque deposits, and is one of the

main causes of cardiovascular

disease. Now a researcher has shown

Things smell good for a reason

Antioxidants are natural food

ingredients that protect cells from

harmful influences. Their main task is

to neutralize so-called 'free radicals'

which are produced in the process of

oxidation and which are responsible

Brain region vulnerable to aging is

larger in those with longevity gene

variant

People who carry a variant of a gene

that is associated with longevity also

have larger volumes in a front part of

the brain involved in planning and

decision-making, according to

researchers.

Neuroscience researchers believe in

quitting smoking gradually

The immediate reaction in the brain

after quitting smoking has been the

focus of a recent study. At just 12

hours after kicking the habit, the

Researchers find hormone that

increases the sex drive of mice

Mice that receive a supplement of

the 'appetite hormone' ghrelin

increase their sexual activity,

scientists have found. Whether the

hormone has the same impact on

humans is unknown -- but if it does,

Drug candidates can block pathway

associated with cell death in

Parkinson's disease

Two drug candidates can target

biological pathways involved in the

destruction of brain cells in

Parkinson's disease, scientists have

reported. The studies suggest that it

MRIs link impaired brain activity to

inability to regulate emotions in

autism

When it comes to the ability to

regulate emotions, brain activity in

autistic people is significantly

different than brain activity in people

without autism. Researchers showed

Brain white matter changes seen in

children who experience neglect

Experiencing neglect in childhood

was associated with alterations in

brain white matter in a study of

abandoned children in Romania who

experienced social, emotional,

Sounds of silence: Brain activity

analysis informs researchers on how

vocalization works

Refined techniques in brain activity

analysis in zebra finches yields

interesting results about how

vocalization works. The research

showed that by silencing of neurons

in the arcopallium, a region in the

Support cells in brain offer new

strategy to boost memory

A new memory regulator in the brain

involving adenosine receptors has

been uncovered by researchers,

which may offer a potential

treatment to improve memory in

Alzheimer's disease. The findings

Are medications' adverse cognitive

effects reversible?

A new study probes the possibility of

reversing the adverse cognitive

effects of medications frequently

prescribed to older adults for chronic

conditions including depression,

anxiety and incontinence and sold

Study of former NFL players reveals

specifics of concussive brain damage

Results of a small study of nine men

provide further evidence for

potential long-term neurological risk

to football players who sustain

repeated concussions and support

Students master math through

movement using Kinect for Windows

Significant gains in the understanding

of angles and angle measurements

by elementary school students are

seen in those who performed body-

based tasks while interacting with a

Possible therapeutic target for

common, but mysterious brain blood

vessel disorder

Tens of millions of people worldwide

have abnormal, leak-prone

sproutings of blood vessels in the

brain called cerebral cavernous

malformations. These abnormal

growths can lead to seizures, strokes,

Brain study sheds light on how

children with autism process social

play

Brain scans confirm significant

differences in play behavior, brain

activation patterns and stress levels

in children with autism spectrum

Majority of homeless adults with

mental illness have high rates of

cognitive deficits

Nearly three-quarters of homeless

adults with mental illness in Canada

show evidence of cognitive deficits,

such as difficulties with problem

solving, learning and memory, new

research has found. The study-

Cochlear implant users can hear, feel

the beat in music

People who use cochlear implants

for profound hearing loss do respond

to certain aspects of music, contrary

to common beliefs and limited

scientific research, says a research

team. The scientists say exposure to

Brain circuit that regulates thirst

identified

Scientists have identified a circuit in

the brains of mice that regulates

thirst. When a subset of cells in the

circuit is switched on, mice

In infants, pain from vaccinations

shows up in brain activity

Infants show distinct, consistent

patterns of brain activity in response

to painful vaccinations, new research

shows.

Testosterone helps bind

antidepressants in brain

Female sex hormones have a strong

effect on the psyche. This has been

confirmed by numerous scientific

studies and by phenomena such as

the "baby blues", a bout of low mood

following childbirth, or recurrent

mood swings that occur prior to

menstruation. However the male sex

hormone testosterone also affects

our mood and emotions, as well as

our libido - and in a positive way.

Lead negatively impacts cognitive

functions of boys more than girls

The female hormones estrogen and

estradiol may help ward off the

effects of lead exposure for young

girls, explaining why boys, are shown

to suffer more often from the

cognitive disabilities linked to lead.

Biblioteca. Facultad de Biología

Universidad de Salamanca. Campus Miguel de Unamuno

c/Donantes de Sangre s/n 37007 Salamanca

angelpoveda@usal.es

http://campus.usal.es/~bibliotecabiologia/