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Presentation on
Integration of Underground Coal Gasification
with CO2Enhanced Oil Recovery
By
Sonit Balyan(2!"#""2$
%e&art'ent of Che'ical Engineering
Indian Institute of echnology) Guwahati
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Outline of the &resentation
Introduction
Motivation
Objective
Experimental Setup
Results
Summary
Future Scope
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Introduction
*hat is gasification+
Gasification is an incomplete combustion of feed stock.
Pri'ary goal of gasification,
onversion of non!as" fraction to #as.
$roduct #ases "ave "eat of combustion value e%ual or more t"an t"e feed
stock.
*hat is Co'-ustion+
omplete combustion of feed stock.
&o "eatin# value of product #as.
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Coal .nalysis
'one to c"aracteri(ed coal into different #rades.
y&es of Coal .nalysis/
Pro0i'ate .nalysis/ Fixed carbon) volatile matter) moisture and as"
percenta#e.
Ulti'ate .nalysis/ oal component elements suc" as carbon) "ydro#en)
nitro#en) sulfur) and oxy#en etc.
*elps in kno+in# t"e "eatin# value of oal.
Optimi(es plant operation.
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y&es of Coal
,nt"racite-. /0!102) 3.M4!502) M.6!572) ,. 8!/2 by +ei#"t9
:ituminous-. ;7!/72) 3.M50!872) M.4!502) ,. 8!502 by +ei#"t9
&on!bituminous-. 67!802) 3.M4/!802) M.50!672) ,. 47!672 by +ei#"t9
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Underground Coal Gasification
>nder#round coal #asification converts coal to #as +"ile still in t"e coal seam-in!situ9.
$rimary $roducts ? *4) O ) O
4) *
8.
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:asic >nder#round oal Gasification -@"adse et al.9
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Coal Gasification Reactions
Co'-ustion(O0idation$ Stage Reaction/
A O4 !!!!!!!B O4 A *eat-omplete9
A 5C4O4 !!!!!!!B O A *eat-$artial9
O A 5C4O4 !!!!!!!B O4 A *eat
Reduction Stage Reaction/
A *4O A *eat !!!!!!!B O A *4 -Dater #as9
A O4 A *eat !!!!!!!B 4O
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Selection Criteria for UCG site
'ept" of 5775877 metres.
="ickness more t"an 0 metres.
,s" content ran#e) -402 to 8029.
Minimal discontinuities.
Isolation from valued a%uifers.
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Enhanced Oil Recovery
It is recovery of oil by injection of fluids t"at are not normally present in
reservoir.
Increases recovery up to ;0!7 2 of initial oil in place-IOI$9.
Generally termed as tertiary recovery.
*hy we need EOR +
=ypes of Recovery?
$rimary Recovery? Recovery up to 572 of IOI$.
Secondary Recovery ? Recovery up to 40!67 2 of IOI$.
=ertiary Recovery ? Recovery up to ;0!72 of IOI$.
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y&es of EOR
hree 'a1or ty&es of EOR o&erations are/
"emical Floodin#)
Miscible displacement) and
="ermal recovery.
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Dorlds EOR $roduction S"are-,dasani.et al.9
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CO2looding
It is effective when/
Reservoir dept" is #reater t"an 4)777 ft.
,$I #ravity of oil #reater t"an 44!40.
Remainin# oil saturation #reater t"an 472.
$ay t"ickness bet+een 57!40 m.
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Sc"ematic dia#ram of O4 floodin# -Oil and #as journal) 47749
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3otivation
Oil reservoirs acco'&anying coal -loc4,
It is economical and no separate transportation facility is re%uired for O4
transfer.
CO2
se5uestration,Stora#e of O4 in reservoir reduces #reen"ouse #ases.
Energy Re5uire'ent,
Increase in demand of petroleum products and proper utili(ation of coal.
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O-1ectives
="e specific objective of project are as follo+s?
Experimental investi#ation of >G in a laboratory scale setup.
Effect of different coal sample on >G performance.
Effect of different feed #as composition) temperature and pressure on>G performance.
Estimation of maximum rate of *4and O
4production in >G at
optimi(ed condition.
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February 18, 2014 14
E0&eri'ental Setu&
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E0&eri'ental Procedures
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Coal .nalysis,
%rilling,
Cutting,
Coating,
Connection,
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February 18, 2014 16
Coal .nalysis,
$roximate ,nalysis.
H Moisture ontent.H 3olatile ontent.
H ,s" ontent.
H Fixed arbon.
>ltimate ,nalysis.
Cont,6
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Cont,6
%rilling. Cutting,
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Cont,6
UCG O&eration Stages,
H I#nition Sta#e.
H ombustion Sta#e.
H Gasification Sta#e.
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Results
E0&eri'ent 7u'-er (C838$
H oal ,nalysis
H Gas flo+ rate and =ime duration of eac" sta#e
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Ultimate Analysis Proximate Analysis (%)
Elements %
C F1.506 9olatile 3atter 46.F1
7 5.0;/ 2i0ed Car-on ;F.155
: 0.4F1 3oisture Content 0.1F
S 6.86/ .sh Content 4.641
O 57.0;4
UCG operation Stage Time duration Gas Flow rates (ml/min)
Oxy#en Steam
Ignition Stage 5.0 "rs 547 7
5.7 "rs ;7 7
Co'-ustion Stage 4.80 "rs 577 7
5.F0 "rs 587 7
Gasification Stage
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Cont,6
H Gas omposition H =emperature $rofile
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Cont,6
E0&eri'ent 7u'-er 2 (C8G8$
H oal ,nalysis
'ue to "i#" as" content it +as impossible to i#nite coal because as"
layer breaks t"e contact of coal and oxy#en. So) experiment 4 +as
stopped after 4 "rs of i#nition p"ase.
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Ultimate Analysis Proximate Analysis (%)
Elements %
C 06.08 9olatile 3atter /.605
7 2i0ed Car-on 4/.4451
: 5.45; 3oisture Content 0.1175
S .sh Content 0F.86F
O 80.488
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Cont,6
E0&eri'ent 7u'-er ; (C8382$
H oal ,nalysis
H Gas flo+ rate and =ime duration of eac" sta#e
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Ultimate Analysis Proximate Analysis (%)
Elements %
C F1.506 9olatile 3atter 40.F/
7 5.0;/ 2i0ed Car-on ;0.04
: 0.4F1 3oisture Content ;.46
S 6.86/ .sh Content 4.8F
O 57.0;4
UCG operation
Stage Time duration Gas Flow rates (ml/min)
Oxy#en Steamgnition Stage 5 "rs 487 7
Co'-ustion Stage 5.0 "rs 587 7
Gasi!i"ation Stage 4.0 "rs 7 4F.F
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Cont,6
H Gas omposition H =emperature $rofile
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Su''ary
="e current aspects +ere studied?
Operatin# onditions.
$"ysical "aracteristics of coal.
$reliminary experiments of t"e overall process -initiation) combustion and
#asification9 +ere performed.
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uture Sco&e
="e detail study of t"e mat"ematical formulation and #overnin# e%uation
for developin# >G model) conservation e%uations in coal seam andvalidate experimental results.
Fabrication of O4core floodin#.
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2
8 ca&
28 SS tu-e
;8 ? e0&ander
!8 SS fitting
@8 ? e0&ander
A8 SS fitting
#8 ee 1oint ( 0 0 ;$
=8 ? > e0&ander
B8 > SS fitting
"8 valve
Core looding Setu& Sche'atic
;
!
@
A
#
A
=
B
=
A A
@
!
"
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References '. ,. :ell) :.F. =o+ler and M.Fan oal #asification and its applications)
Elsevier publication) 4755.
J. G. Spei#"t *andbook of oal ,nalysis) $roximate ,nalysis) >ltimate
,nalysis) Diley $ublication) 4770) p# 84.
,. @"adse) M. Kayyumi) S. Ma"ajani) $. ,#"alayam) >nder#round coal
#asification? , ne+ clean coal utili(ation tec"ni%ue for India) Ener#y
64-4779 47;5!475.
:. G.Miller) oal Ener#y System) Elsevier publication) 4770.
,. ,.
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:.7 DOU
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