cut4e ch01 presentation
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Paradigm Publishing, Inc.1-1
Chapter 1 Our Digital World
Chapter 1
Our Digital World
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Presentation Overview
Immersed in Digital Technology
The Computer Advantage
How Computers Work
Computers and Computer Systems
Components of a Computer System
Categories of Computers
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Immersed in Digital Technology
Digital
Refers to an electronic signal that is processed,
sent, and stored as bits.
Bits are represented by on and off states
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Immersed in Digital Technology
How has digital technology infiltrated your
daily life?
Computer technology powers HDTVs,
microwave ovens, watches, cell phones, and
automobiles.
Emb
edd
ed chips, comput
ers, n
etworks, and th
eInternet and WWW enable us to communicate
globally.
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Immersed in Digital Technology
A computer is an electronic device that
operates under a set ofinstructions
accepts data that a user supplies
manipulates data according to a program
produces results
stores the results
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The Computer Advantage
Speed
Computers operate with lightning-like speed.
PCs executebillions ofprogram instructions in
one second.
Supercomputers executetrillions of
instructions per second, the kind ofprocessingrequired to forecast the weather and monitor
space shuttleflights.
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The Computer Advantage
Accuracy
Computers are accurate when accurate
programs and data areentered.
Ifinaccurate programs and/or data areentered
(garbage in), the output will also be inaccurate
(garbage out) GIGO.
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The Computer Advantage
Versatility
Families use computers forentertainment,
communications, budgeting, online shopping,homework, playing games, and listening to
music.
Universities, government agencies, hospitals,
and scientific organizations conduct life-
enhancing research using computers.
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The Computer Advantage
Versatility
Banks conduct money transfers, account
withdrawals, and payment ofchecks viacomputer.
Retailersprocess sales transactions and check
availability ofproducts.
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The Computer Advantage
Versatility
Manufacturers manage theirentire production,
warehousing, and selling processes.
Schools keep records, conduct distance-
learning classes, scheduleevents, and analyze
budgets.
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The Computer Advantage
Storage
Computers accept and
store programs anddata.
Users can access a
program again and
again to process
different data.
Computers store huge
amounts ofdata in tiny
physical spaces.
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The Computer Advantage
Communications
Networks using special equipment and
programs allow computers to communicatewith each other through telephone lines, cable
connections, and satellites.
Users can exchange information overwireless
networks using personal digital assistants
(PDAs), notebook computers, cell phones, and
pagers.
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The Computer Advantage
Communications
A local area network (LAN) is a network
confined to a small geographic area, such as abuilding, factory, or college campus.
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The Computer Advantage
Communications
TheInternet is a
worldwide network oflarge and small
networks linked
together via
communications
hardware, software,and media for the
purpose of
communicating and
sharing information.
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The Computer Advantage
Communications
The Internet is used for various purposes,
including Sending and receiving messages
Researching information
Buying and selling products and services
Taking online college courses
Accessing entertainment
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The Computer Advantage
Communications
World Wide Web a system oflinked
computer networks that allows users to movefrom one site to another by way oflinks on
Web pages
Web page an electronic document stored on a
computer running the Web site
Search engine a software program that
locates and retrieves requested information
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The Computer Advantage
What advantages do computers offer?
They provide speed, versatility, storage, and
communications.
They can be used in homes, the workplace, and
society.
They can be used to communicate, managefinances, analyze data, plan, research, and for
hundreds ofother purposes.
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How Computers Work
Types of Data
Text data letters, numbers, and special
characters
Graphic data photographs, charts, and
drawings
Audio data voice and music Video data moving pictures and images
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How Computers Work
Combining types of data can improve the
presentation quality of a message.
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How Computers Work
During the information processing cycle, data is entered
into a computer, processed, sent as output, and stored (if
required for future use).
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Computers and
Computer SystemsA personal computer
system includes
The system unit Input devices
Output devices
Storage devices
Communicationsdevices
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Components of a Computer
SystemParts of a Personal Computer System
The system unit theelectronic components
process data into info
Input devicesallow users to enter
instructions, data, and commands into
computers (keyboard, mouse, microphone)
Output devicesmake information available
to the user (display screen, printer)
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Components of a Computer
SystemParts of a Personal Computer System
Storage devicesprovidefor permanent
storage ofprograms, data, and information
Communications devicesallow a user to
exchange instructions, data, and information
with other computer users
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Components of a Computer
SystemWhat is the difference between a computer
and a computer system?
A computer is the part ofthe system thatprocesses the data into information.
A computer system includes the computer
along with input, output, storage, and
communication devices.
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Categories of Computers
Personal Computers
Fit on a desk, in a
briefcase, or are worn Execute 600 million to
three billion
instructions per second
Are used by a singleuser or as part ofa
network
Cost a few hundred to
thousands ofdollars
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Categories of Computers
Handheld Computers
Fit in a hand or are
carried in a pocket Execute a few hundred
instructions per second
Are used by a single
user or as part ofanetwork
Cost $99 to a few
hundred dollars
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Categories of Computers
Workstations
Are similar in size to
desktop PCs Execute three to five
billion instructions per
second
Are used by a singleuser or as part ofa
network
Cost a few thousand
dollars
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Categories of Computers
Midrange Servers
Fit into a large cabinet
Execute billions ofinstructions per second
Are used by hundreds
ofusers at the same
time
Cost $5,000 to
hundreds ofthousands
ofdollars
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Categories of Computers
Large Servers or
Mainframes
Occupy a full or partialroom
Execute billions of
instructions per second
Are used by hundredsofthousands ofusers at
the same time
Cost several thousands
to millions ofdollars
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Categories of Computers
Supercomputers
Occupy a full room
Execute trillions ofinstructions per second
Are used by thousands
ofusers at the same
time
Cost several million
dollars
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Categories of Computers
What are the basic categories of computers
and their distinguishing characteristics?
Personal computer self-contained, capableofinput, processing, output, and storage
Handheld computer fits comfortably in a
users hand
Workstationhigh-performance single-user
computer
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On the Horizon
Based on the information presented in this
chapter and your own experience, what do
you think is on the horizon?
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