7 ubz lokfr - saraswati house material... · 2018-07-03 · second floor, mgm tower, 19 ansari...

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ubZ Lokfrfganh ikBekyk

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7

Second Floor, MGM Tower, 19 Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 (India) Phone : +91-11-43556600Fax : +91-11-43556688E-mail : [email protected] : www.saraswatihouse.comCIN : U22110DL2013PTC262320Import-Export Licence No. 0513086293

Branches:

• Ahmedabad (079) 22160722 • Bengaluru (080) 26619880, 26676396 • Bhopal +91-7554003654 • Chennai (044) 28416531 • Dehradun 09837452852• Guwahati (0361) 2457198• Hyderabad (040) 42615566 • Jaipur (0141) 4006022 • Jalandhar (0181) 4642600, 4643600 • Kochi (0484) 4033369 • Kolkata (033) 40042314 • Lucknow (0522) 4062517 • Mumbai (022) 28737050, 28737090 • Patna (0612) 2570403 • Ranchi (0651) 2244654

Revised edition 2017

ISBN: 978-93-8630-726-2

Published by: New Saraswati House (India) Pvt. Ltd.19 Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 (India)

The moral rights of the author has been asserted.

©Reserved with the Publishers

All rights reserved under the Copyright Act. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transcribed, transmitted, stored in a retrieval system or translated into any language or computer, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual, photocopy or otherwise without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.

Printed at: Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., Sahibabad (Uttar Pradesh)

This book is meant for educational and learning purposes. The author(s) of the book has/have taken all reasonable care to ensure that the contents of the book do not violate any copyright or other intellectual property rights of any person in any manner whatsoever. In the event the author(s) has/have been unable to track any source and if any copyright has been inadvertently infringed, please notify the publisher in writing for any corrective action.

(iii)

vkeq[k

^Lokfr fganh ikBekyk* dh iqLrosaQ jk"Vªh; ikB~;p;kZ osQ mn~ns';ksa osQ vuqlkj rS;kj dh xbZ gSaA ;s iqLrosaQ cky&osaQfnzr f'k{k.k izfØ;k ij iw.kZr;k cy nsrh gSaA

f'k{kdx.k fon~;kfFkZ;ksa dks mfpr :i ls fo"k;&lkexzh rFkk Hkk"kk&f'k{k.k iznku dj losaQ blfy, bl ikBekyk dh iqLrdksa osQ fy, f'k{kd&lanf'kZdk cukbZ xbZ gSaA

f'k{kd&lanf'kZdk dh izeq[k fo'ks"krk,¡ gSaµ

l lHkh ikBksa osQ lkjka'kA

l ikBxr vH;kl&iz'uksa osQ mRrjA

l izR;sd ikB esa cPpksa osQ vH;kl osQ fy, nks&nks dk;Z&if=kdk,¡ mRrj lfgrA

l cPpksa dh dYiuk'khyrk ,oa fparu dkS'kyksa osQ fodkl gsrq mRrj jfgr dk;Z&if=kdkA

µys[kdx.k

fo"k;&lwph

1- Hkkjr gS lcls U;kjk ------------------------------------------------------------------- 5

2- ,sls&,sls -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12

3- oSaQlj ls yM+kbZ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18

4- lcls cM+k lq[k -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24

5- yqdk&fNih ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30

6- xqysyck”k yM+dk ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 36

7- eaxj -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42

8- dgkuh fnYyh dh ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 49

9- Lokeh foosdkuan ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55

10- vkradokn ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 61

11- ea=k ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 67

12- fI+kQYe flVh dh lSj ------------------------------------------------------------------- 74

13- ueZnk dh vkRedFkk -------------------------------------------------------------------- 80

14- egkiq#"k dgykrs os -------------------------------------------------------------------- 86

15- jDr o jDrnku --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 92

16- ek¡ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 98

vifBr xn~;ka'k --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 104

vifBr in~;ka'k --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 104

ladfyr ewY;kaduµI ------------------------------------------------------------------- 105 ladfyr ewY;kaduµII ----------------------------------------------------------------- 107

(iv)

5

Hkkjr gS lcls U;kjk

lkjka'k

Hkkjr lHkh ns'kksa esa lcls vuks[kk ns'k gS] D;ksafd ;gk¡ fofHkUu /eks±] tkfr;ksa osQ yksx gksrs gq, Hkh ge lc Hkkjrh; gSaA ;gk¡ dh tyok;q vyx] igukok vyx] [kku&iku vyx] fiQj Hkh ,d gh :i gSA ;gk¡ fofHkUu ufn;ksa dk laxe gS] fHkUu laxhr] fHkUu u`R; gksus osQ ckotwn ge ,d gSaA ladV osQ le; ge lHkh feydj vius ns'k dh j{kk gsrq rRij jgrs gSa] D;ksafd jk"Vª/eZ loksZifj gSA ewy :i ls vusdrk esa ,drk bl ns'k dh igpku gSA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd (d) ge Hkkjrh;ksa osQ fy, Hkkjr lcls I;kjk gSA

([k) dukZVd osQ xhr eksfgr djus okys gSaA

(x) dFkDdyh osQjy dk yksd u`R; gSA

(?k) dfo us jaxhyk 'kCn jktLFkku osQ fy, iz;ksx fd;k gSA

(Ä) ;gk¡ dh ok;q 'kghnksa dk xq.kxku xk jgh gSA

fyf[kr

1- (d) (ii) fgeky; dk ([k) (iii) ifo=k (x) (i) d'ehj dks (?k) (iv) cfynkfu;ksa dh (Ä) (i) xqtjkr dh

2- (d) Hkkjr esa vusd /eZ] tkfr o laLÑfr osQ yksx gksrs gq, Hkh ge lHkh ,d gSaA vusdrk esa ,drk rFkk vn~Hkqr izkÑfrd lkSan;Z osQ dkj.k Hkkjr lHkh ns'kksa ls vyx gSA

([k) iatkc gjk&Hkjk gS] jktLFkku jaxhyk gS] xqtjkr dh 'kku vuks[kh gS] egkjk"Vª lcls vyx gS] dukZVd dk laxhr lEeksgd gS] osQjy dk rV lqanj gS rFkk ogk¡ dk u`R; Hkh lcdks Hkkrk gSA ckmy vkSj fcgw tSls R;ksgkj [kqf'k;k¡ ykrs gSaA

(x) fofHkUu izkar] cksfy;k¡] Hkk"kk,¡] jgu&lgu] tyok;q] /eZ] tkfr] R;ksgkj vyx gksrs gq, Hkh ge lHkh ,d gh frjaxs dh N=kNk;k esa jgrs gSaA frjaxk gekjh vku] cku vkSj 'kku gSA

1

6

(?k) dfo us ckmy vkSj fcgw R;ksgkjksa dk o.kZu fd;k gSA ckmy caxky esa rFkk fcgw vle esa euk;k tkrk gSA

(Ä) vusdrk esa ,drk dk Hkko fn[kkuk dfo dk mn~ns'; gS vFkkZr Hkkjr esa tkfr] /eZ] cksfy;k¡] igukok tyok;q Hkys gh vyx&vyx gSa] ij Hkkjrh; ,d gSaA mudh ,drk dks dksbZ rksM+ ugha ldrkA

(p) dUuM+] ey;kye] rfey] rsyqxq vkfn Hkk"kkvksa dk o.kZu dfo us fd;k gSA iwjs ns'k esa 220 cksfy;k¡ vkSj Hkk"kk,¡ cksyh tkrh gSaA

(N) ns'k esa Hkk"kk] /eZ] {ks=k] tkfr vkfn osQ Hksnksa dks egRRo u nsdj lHkh ns'kokfl;ksa esa Hkkjrh; gksus dk Hkko txk;k tk,A lHkh yksx ,d&nwljs osQ /eZ dk lEeku djsaA ioZ&R;ksgkjksa dks feydj euk,¡A bu ckrksa ls ns'k esa fofo/rk esa ,drk cuk, j[kh tk ldrh gSA

(fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- (d) ok;q] vfuy ([k) HkkxhjFkh] lqjlfj (x) lfjrk] rjafxuh (?k) dgkuh] xYi (Ä) Hkw] /jk (p) fdukjk] owQy

2- (d) /jrh] xaxk (O;fDrokpd)] unh (tkfrokpd) ([k) iatkc] xqtjkr] jktLFkku (O;fDrokpd)] 'kku (Hkkookpd) (x) dUuM+] rfey] Hkkjr (O;fDrokpd)] xyk] gkj (tkfrokpd) (?k) osQjy (O;fDrokpd)] lkxj] rV (tkfrokpd) (Ä) Hkkjr (O;fDrokpd)] vk¡xu (tkfrokpd)] ckmy] fcgw (O;fDrokpd)] R;ksgkj (tkfrokpd)

3- (d) fujkyh ([k) U;kjh (x) jaxhyh (?k) lqugjh (Ä) lqgkuh (p) vycsyh

4- (d) ujd ([k) v/eZ (x) vlaqnj (?k) vkdk'k (Ä) ehBk

O;fDrRo fu[kkj

1- fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a djsaA

2- lk/kj.k euq"; lkoZtfud LFkkuksa ij xanxh u iSQykdj vkSj vius ns'k dks nwljs ns'kksa ls ghu u crkdj vius drZO;ksa dk ikyu dj ldrk gSA le; ij dk;Z djosQ] VSDl pksjh u djosQ] lekt n~okjk lkSais x, dk;ks± dks iwjh fu"Bk vkSj bZekunkjh ls djosQ ge ns'k dks mUur vkSj [kq'kgky cuk ldrs gSaA txg&txg [kMs+ gksdj ns'k dh cqjkbZ u djsaA ;gk¡&ogk¡ u FkwosaQ o fdlh dks xank u djus nsaA ;gh gekjs drZO; gSaA


7

vkvks pysa iBu ls nwj



3- Hkkjr dk bfrgkl xkSjo'kkyh gksrs gq, Hkh vkt osQ ukStokuksa dk fons'k dh vksj Hkkxus dk eq[; dkj.k iSls dh pdkpkSa/ gSA bl pdkpkSa/ esa va/k ukStoku vius vklikl dh nqfu;k D;ksa ns[k ugha ikrkA ukrs&fj'rs mlosQ fy, dksbZ ek;us ugha j[krsA osQoy ;qok gh ugha ekrk&firk Hkh ,slk gh pkgrs gSa fd csVk i<+&fy[kdj fons'k pyk tk, vkSj [+kwc /u&nkSyr dek,A ”kYnh vej gksus dh pkg Hkh mls ,slk djus ij e”kcwj dj jgh gSA Hkkjr dh c<+rh tula[;k vkSj mlosQ lkFk c<+rh csjks”kxkjh Hkh blosQ fy, f”kEesnkj gSA

8

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1

uke % -------------- d{kk % ------------- vè;kid@vè;kfidk % ------------ iw.kk±d

vuqozQekad % -------------- fnukad % ------------- vfHkHkkod % ------------ 15

1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) dfo us fgeky; dks fdlosQ leku crk;k gS\

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([k) rhjFkjkt fdls dgk x;k gS\

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(x) cgrh gqbZ gok fdldh dgkfu;k¡ lqukrh gSa\

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(?k) dfo us dukZVd osQ laxhr osQ fo"k; esa D;k dgk gS\

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(Ä) dfo us Hkkjr osQ dgk¡&ls&dgk¡ rd osQ :i dks l¡okjus dh ckr dgh gS\

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2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx dj okD; cukb,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) iaFk µ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) jk"Vªèot µ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) fgeky; µ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) lqjfHkr µ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) eueksgd µ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ cgqopu :i fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) unh µ -------------------- ([k) Hkk"kk µ --------------------

(x) xkFkk µ -------------------- (?k) ty/kjk µ --------------------

(Ä) cksyh µ --------------------

9

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2



1- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa dk o.kZ&foPNsn dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) jk"Vª ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) :i ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) d'ehj ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) dukZVd ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) i`Foh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- fuEufyf[kr fo'ks"k.kksa osQ fy, fo'ks"; fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

fo'ks"k.k fo'ks";

(d) vycsyk ---------------------

([k) eueksgd ---------------------

(x) lqjfHkr ---------------------

(?k) jaxhyk ---------------------

(Ä) LoxZ ljh[kk ---------------------

3- mfpr dkjd fpg~uksa ls okD; iw.kZ dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) /jrh --------------------- LoxZ ;gha --------------------- gSA ([k) Hkkjr --------------------- vk¡xu ckmy vkSj fcgw --------------------- ygd mBk gSA (x) ;gk¡ --------------------- ok;q Hkh 'kghnksa --------------------- xkFkk,¡ lqukrh gSA

(?k) bl /jrh --------------------- vusd /eZ --------------------- yksx jgrs gSaA

(Ä) dfo --------------------- Hkkjr --------------------- U;kjk 'kCn dk iz;ksx fd;k gSA

10

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3

dYiuk 'kfDr ij vk/kfjr



1- ^vusdrk esa ,drk gh Hkkjr dh fo'ks"krk gS* bl fo"k; dks è;ku esa j[kdj vius fopkj fyf[k,A 5

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2- ge vius ns'k dk xkSjo oSQls vkSj fdl&fdl :i esa c<+k ldrs gSa\ fyf[k,A 5

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11

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) dfo us fgeky; dks Hkkjr osQ eqoqQV osQ leku crk;k gSA

([k) iz;kx dks rhjFkjkt dgk x;k gSA

(x) cgrh gqbZ gok 'kghnksa dh xkFkk,¡ lqukrh gSA

(?k) dukZVd dk laxhr lqgkuk vkSj lEeksgd gSA

(Ä) dfo us Hkkjr osQ d'ehj ls jkes'oje rd osQ :i dks l¡okjus dh ckr dgh gSA

2- (d) Hkkjr esa lHkh iaFkksa dks ekuus okys yksx jgrs gSaA

([k) Hkkjrh; jk"Vªèot osQ uhps yksx ,dtqV gksdj jgrs gSaA

(x) fgeky; Hkkjr dk izgjh gSA

(?k) /jrh ij pkjksa rjI+kQ lqjfHkr miou gSaA

(Ä) o`Q".k dk eueksgd :i lHkh dks Hkkrk gSA

3- (d) ufn;k¡ ([k) Hkk"kk,¡ (x) xkFkk,¡ (?k) ty/kjk,¡ (Ä) cksfy;k¡

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) j~ $ vk $ "k~ $ V~ $ j~ $ v

([k) j~ $ mQ $ i~ $ v

(x) o~Q $ v $ 'k~ $ e~ $ bZ $ j~ $ v

(?k) o~Q $ v $ j~ $ u~ $ vk $ V~ $ v $ o~Q $ v

(Ä) i~ $ ½ $ Fk~ $ o~ $ bZ

2- (d) egkjk"Vª ([k) dFkDdyh (x) okrk;u (?k) jktLFkku (Ä) d'ehj

3- (d) dk] ij ([k) dk] ls (x) dh] dh (?k) ij] osQ (Ä) us] osQ fy,

12

,sls&,sls

lkjka'k

izLrqr ,dkadh n~okjk NksVs cPpksa dh cky lqyHk 'kjkjrksa dks n'kkZ;k x;k gSA vdlj cPps LowQy osQ dk;ks± ls cpus gsrq rjg&rjg osQ cgkus cukrs gSaA ^,sls&,sls* Hkh LowQy dk dke u djus dh ,d ,slh gh chekjh gS] ftls ekrk&firk I;kj osQ dkj.k le> ugha ikrsA MkWú vkSj oSn~; vius rjhosQ ls tk¡p dj nokbZ ns nsrs gSa] tcfd ekLVj th bl fLFkfr dks c[kwch le>dj eksgu dh iksy [kksyrs gSa vkSj mls nks fnu dk vfrfjDr le; nsdj dke djus dks dgrs gSaA lp esa cPps cgqr gksf'k;kj gksrs gSa] rHkh rks dksbZ mudk e”kZ le> ugha ikrkA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrjekSf[kd (d) eksgu dks ^,sls&,sls* uked chekjh gks xbZ FkhA ([k) eksgu dh ek¡ MkWDVj osQ vkus rd mls xje ikuh dh cksry ls isV dh fladkbZ djus dks dgrh gSA (x) eksgu us firk osQ nÝ+ rj esa ,d osQyk vkSj ,d larjk [kk;k FkkA (?k) firk th us eksgu ls fuEufyf[kr loky iwNsµisV esa xM+&xM+ gksrh gS\ pkowQ&lk pqHkrk gS\

xksyk&lk iwQVrk gS\ (Ä) ek¡ dks ^,sls&,sls* dksbZ ubZ vkSj cM+h [kjkc chekjh yxrh gSA

fyf[kr 1- (d) (i) cl ls ([k) (ii) lI+ksQn (x) (iii) ik¡p feuV esa (?k) (ii) [kqf'k;k¡ iSQykuk (Ä) (i) ukM+h 2- (d) eksgu dks nnZ ls djkgrs ns[k ek¡ us firk th ls iwNk fd eksgu us oqQN vaV&'kaV rks ugha

[kk fy;kA ([k) firk th osQ ikl MkWú lkgc dk I+kQksu vk;kA firk th us mUgsa crk;k fd eksgu osQ isV esa

nnZ gS mlus oqQN xyr ugh [kk;k] firk th us MkWú lkgc dks crk;k fd cl ^,sls&,sls* gks jgk gSA eksgu dk psgjk lI+ksQn iM+ x;k gSA

(x) iM+kslh nhukukFk us dgk fd eksgu dks ”k:j oqQN cM+h rdyhI+kQ gS] ugha rks viuk ?kj rks D;k] ;g rks iM+ksl dks Hkh xqytkj fd, jgrk gSA

(?k) MkWú lkgc us tk¡p djosQ dgk fd eksgu us rks ,d ubZ chekjh [kkst fudkyh gS] mUgsa rks oqQN le> esa ugha vk jgk fd og maxfy;k¡ D;ksa Hkhaprk gSA mldk psgjk crkrk gS] mls dkI+kQh nnZ gSA vly esa vktdy dbZ rjg osQ nnZ py jgs gSaA

2

13

(Ä) ekLVj th us crk;k fd eksgu us LowQy dk dke iwjk ugha fd;k] blfy, Mj osQ ekjs mlosQ isV esa ^,sls&,sls* gks jgk gSA

(p) ;fn esjk x`gdk;Z iwjk ugha gksrk] rks eSa vius eEeh&ikik dks crkrk@crkrh fd fdl dkj.k x`gdk;Z iwjk ugha gqvkA eSa LowQy vo'; tkrk@tkrhA f'k{kd@f'kf{kdk dks Hkh dkj.k crkrk@crkrh fd D;ksa x`gdk;Z ugha gks ik;kA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

(N) dksbZ dk;Z iwjk u gksus ij cgkuk djuk ;k >wB cksyuk loZFkk vuqfpr gSA gesa dke iwjk u gksus dk mfpr dkj.k crkrs gq, ekI+kQh ek¡x ysuh pkfg,A


O;kdj.k dh ckr 1- (d) chekjh osQ dkj.k eksgu dk eq¡g gh mrj x;kA ([k) pksjh idM+h tkus ij jksgu dk psgjk lI+ksQn iM+ x;kA (x) cPpksa us lqcg ls ?kj dks flj ij mBkdj j[kk gSA (?k) ujs'k dh ckrsa lqudj eSa rks Bxk&lk jg x;kA (Ä) yxrk gS eksgu osQ isV esa nk<+h gS] rHkh rks cPpk gksdj Hkh ,slk vfHku; dj MkykA (fon~;kFkhZ viuh #fp osQ okD; Hkh cuk ldrs gSaA)

2- (d) njok”ks ([k) oqQjfl;k¡ (x) iqLrosaQ (?k) chekfj;k¡ (Ä) ijns (p) iqfM+;k¡ (N) osQys (t) larjs

3- (d) Hkfxuh ([k) okr (x) vJq (?k) lnu (Ä) gLrh

4- (d) e”kcwr ([k) cM+k (x) BaMk (?k) [kV~Vk (Ä) uknku (p) Hk;adj (N) dM+oh (t) lqanj

O;fDrRo fu[kkj 1- cPps lkjk lky x`gdk;Z vkSj d{kk&dk;Z esa gh my>s jgrs gSaA ,sls esa ;fn xjeh dh NqV~fV;ksa esa

Hkh mUgsa dke djus dks fn;k tk, rks i<+kbZ ls mudk yxko /hjs&/hjs [kRe gksrk u”kj vk,xkA xjeh dh NqV~fV;k¡ ?kweus&fiQjus o pkpk&ekek osQ ?kj tkdj ekSt&eLrh djus osQ fy, gksrh gSaA cPpksa ij bldk udkjkRed izHkko iM+rk gSA gk¡] vxj nsuk gh gS fd cPpksa dks mudh #fp osQ vuqlkj jpukRed dk;Z fn;k tk ldrk gS] ftls os viuh dYiuk o jpukRedrk osQ vk/kj ij iw.kZ djsa vkSj oqQN u;k lh[k losaQA blfy, cPpksa dks x`gdk;Z nsuk vuqfpr gh gSA

(fon~;kFkhZ viuh #fp osQ okD; Hkh cuk ldrs gSaA) 2- fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a djsaA

vkvks pysa iBu ls nwj fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a djsaA

14

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1



1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) eksgu D;k dj jgk Fkk\

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([k) ek¡ us isV lsadus osQ fy, eksgu dks D;k fn;k\

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(x) eksgu us ^cl vM~Ms* igq¡pdj firk th ls D;k dgk\

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(?k) oSn~; th osQ vuqlkj nnZ oSQls xk;c gks tk,xk\

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(Ä) oSn~; th us uksV ysrs le; eksgu osQ firk th ls D;k dgk\

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2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ foykse 'kCn fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) xje µ ----------------------- ([k) cM+k µ -----------------------

(x) le>nkj µ ----------------------- (?k) dy µ -----------------------

(Ä) uhps µ -----------------------

3- fozQ;kinksa dks js[kkafdr dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ek¡ us pknj gVkdj cksry j[khA ([k) isV esa oqQN ^,sls&,sls* gks jgk gSA (x) cspkjs dk eq¡g oSQls mrj x;k gSA (?k) Fkwd dj ysV tkrk gSA (Ä) eksgu osQ cnu esa tku gh ugha jghA

15

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2



1- fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa esa iz;qDr loZuke Nk¡Vdj Hksn fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) esjs isV esa oqQN gks jgk gSA ------------------------------ ------------------------------

([k) esjs eksgu dks D;k gks x;k gS\ ------------------------------ ------------------------------

(x) tc ls vk;k gS rHkh ls jV yxk, gSA ------------------------------ ------------------------------

(?k) ^,sls&,sls* dksbZ ubZ chekjh rks ughaA ------------------------------ ------------------------------

(Ä) rqeus rks vkt ,d ubZ chekjh [kkst yh gSA ------------------------------ ------------------------------

2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ fyax cnydj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ek¡ µ --------------------- ([k) yM+dk µ ---------------------

(x) ekLVj µ --------------------- (?k) MkWDVj µ ---------------------

(Ä) NksVk µ ---------------------

3- fn, x, okD;ksa esa mfpr fojke&fpg~u yxkb,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) eksgu osQ ekrk firk nksuksa ikl cSBs gSa ([k) eSaus dgk vjs xM+ xM+ gksrh gS (x) MkWú lkgc th gk¡ eksgu osQ isV esa nnZ gS (?k) ?kcjkdj D;k gS csVk D;k gqvk (Ä) lp D;k chekjh gS ;g

16

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- ^dkSu ls ,sls dkj.k gSa] ftudh otg ls cPps vdlj cgkus cukdj LowQy tkus ls cprs gSa\* fyf[k,A 5

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2- ^ 'kkafr&fuosQru* johaæukFk VSxksj n~okjk cuk;k x;k fon~;ky; gSA ,sls LowQy cPpksa dks i<+us osQ fy, vPNk okrkoj.k ns ldrs gSaA* vki D;k lksprs gSa\ fyf[k,A 5

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17

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) eksgu ,d r[r ij ysVk gqvk Fkk vkSj nnZ ls djkg jgk FkkA ([k) ek¡ us isV lsadus osQ fy, eksgu dks xje ikuh dh cksry nhA (x) eksgu us cl vM~Ms igq¡pdj firk th ls dgk fd mlosQ isV esa oqQN ^,sls&,sls* gks jgk gSA (?k) oSn~; th osQ vuqlkj nnZ ,sls xk;c gks tk,xk] tSls x/s osQ flj ls lhaxA (Ä) oSn~; th us dgk] ¶vki ;g D;k djrs gSa! vki vkSj ge D;k nks gSa\¸

2- (d) BaMk ([k) NksVk (x) ukle> (?k) vkt (Ä) mQij

3- (d) j[kh ([k) gks jgk gS (x) mrj x;k gS (?k) ysV tkrk gS (Ä) jgh

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) oqQN µ vfu'p;okpd loZuke ([k) D;k µ iz'uokpd loZuke (x) tc] rHkh µ laca/okpd loZuke (?k) dksbZ µ vfu'p;okpd loZuke (Ä) rqeus µ eè;e iq#"kokpd loZuke

2- (d) firk ([k) yM+dh (x) ekLVjuh (?k) MkWDVj (Ä) NksVh

3- (d) eksgu osQ ekrk&firk nksuksa ikl cSBs gSaA ([k) eSaus dgk] ¶vjs] xM+&xM+ gksrh gS\¸ (x) MkWú lkgc! th gk¡] eksgu osQ isV esa nnZ gSA (?k) (?kcjkdj) D;k gS csVk] D;k gqvk\ (Ä) lp! D;k chekjh gS ;g\

18

oSaQlj ls yM+kbZ

lkjka'k

oSaQlj ,d ,slh ykbykt chekjh gS] ftldk uke lqurs gh lHkh ?kcjk tkrs gSaA bldh pisV esa cw<+s gh ugha] toku vkSj NksVs cPps Hkh vkus yxs gSaA fI+kQYe vfHkusrk bejku gk'keh dk csVk osQoy pkj lky dh mez esa bl chekjh dk f'kdkj gqvkA bejku vkSj mldh iRuh us ftl rjg cPps osQ eukscy dks c<+k;k og iz'kalk osQ ;ksX; gSA bldk ifj.kke gS fd mudk csVk v;ku vkt ,d LoLFk vkSj [kq'kgky thou th jgk gSA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrjekSf[kd (d) oSaQlj dh chekjh osQ ckjs esa dgk tkrk gS fd ;g ykbykt chekjh gSA ([k) v;ku vfHkusrk bejku gk'keh dk csVk gSA (x) ysf[kdk us ,slk blfy, dgk] D;ksafd fiQj ls nq[k Hkjh ckrsa ;kn djus ls bulku nq[kh gks tkrk gSA (?k) v;ku us bl [krjukd chekjh dk lkeuk lqij ghjks cudj fd;kA (Ä) v;ku dh myVh esa [kwu fn[kkbZ nsus ij tc mlosQ VSLV djok, x,] rc bejku dks irk pyk

fd mlosQ csVs dks oSaQlj gSA

fyf[kr 1- (d) (i) [kwu ([k) (ii) cSVeSu (x) (iii) iQksu ij (?k) (iv) pkj lky (Ä) (i) bejku us

2- (d) gksVy esa [kkuk [kkus osQ nkSjku bejku dh iRuh v;ku dks ok'k:e ysdj xbZ] ogk¡ v;ku dks myVh vk xbZ] ftlesa [kwu vk;kA bl dkj.k bejku vkSj mudh iRuh nksuksa dks fpark gqbZA VSLV djokus ij irk pykA

([k) bejku vkSj mudh iRuh nksuksa vius csVs dks oSaQlj gksus dh ckr lqudj gDosQ&cDosQ jg x,A iRuh dh vk¡[kksa ls vk¡lw vkus yxsA rc bejku dks yxk fd mUgsa csVs osQ lkFk&lkFk iRuh dks Hkh l¡Hkkyuk gksxkA

(x) v;ku dks cSVeSu ilan Fkk blfy, bejku mlosQ fy, cSVeSu cu x,] rkfd os mlesa lqij ghjksa dh lqij ikolZ vkSj oSaQlj ls yM+us dh {kerk c<+k losaQA

(?k) v;ku us mRrj fn;k] ¶eSa Bhd gw¡ cSVeSu] D;k vki ozQkbe osQ f[kykiQ yM+ jgs gks] ikik us eq>s crk;k FkkA¸

3

19

(Ä) bejku us crk;k fd mlosQ pkj lky osQ csVs dks nwljh LVst dk V~;wej Fkk] tks fdMuh dks izHkkfor djrk gS vkSj vdlj cPpksa dks gksrk gSA

O;kdj.k dh ckr 1- (d) djuk pkgrh gw¡ µ ldeZd ([k) gks ldrh gS µ ldeZd (x) cSBk jgk µ vdeZd (?k) rSj jgk gS µ vdeZd (Ä) nsuk pkgrk Fkk µ ldeZd

2- milxZ ewy'kCn izR;; (d) iz Hkko br ([k) Lo ra=k rk (x) vi eku br (?k) uk le> bZ (Ä) fu Mj rk (p) v fo'okl vuh;

3- (d) ej.k ([k) udyh (x) vkjaHk (?k) NksVk (Ä) toku (p) Mjiksd (N) >wB (t) FkksM+k

4- (d) f'kf{kdk us dgk] ¶dy lc viuh&viuh ubZ iqLrd yk,¡xsA¸ ([k) vjs! rqe lc dgk¡ tk jgs gks\ (x) ge lqcg&'kke Vgyus tkrs gSaA (?k) rqe] eSa] 'khry vkSj xfjek ;gk¡ cSBsaxsA (Ä) ^fHk{kqd* dfork ^lw;Zdkar f=kikBh fujkyk* us fy[khA

O;fDrRo fu[kkj 1- blesa dksbZ lansg ugha fd foijhr ifjfLFkfr;ksa osQ vkrs gh O;fDr fujk'k gks tkrk gS] jksus yxrk

gS] [kqn dks vlgk; vkSj Fkdk gqvk eglwl djrk gSA ysfdu tc 'kkar cSBdj lksprk gS rks mls yxus yxrk gS fd og D;k dj jgk gSA ;fn dHkh esjs lkFk Hkh ,slk gqvk rks esjh fLFkfr Hkh fcyoqQy ,slh gh gksxhA eSa Lo;a dks e”kcwr cukm¡Qxk vkSj mu ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks vius vuqowQy cukus dk iwjk&iwjk iz;Ru d:¡ xkA D;ksafd dgk Hkh x;k gSµ^fxjrs gS 'kglokj gh eSnkus tax esa*A fxjdj mBus okyk gh vlyh ck”khxj dgykrk gSA eSa bl ckr dks Lohdkj djrk gw¡A (fon~;kFkh vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)



20

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1



1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) bejku us v;ku osQ eu esa oSaQlj ls yM+us dh {kerk ij ;dhu oSQls c<+k;k\

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([k) bejku I+kQksu ij csVs dks ”kokc nsus ls igys oqQN nsj #osQ] D;ksa\

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(x) D;k v;ku us I+kQksu ij vius firk dh vkok”k dks igpku fy;k Fkk\

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(?k) bejku us csVs dks ^v;kueSu* D;ksa cuk;k\

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(Ä) bejku us vius csVs dks vlyh ghjks D;ksa dgk\

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2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ i;kZ;okph 'kCn fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) csVk µ -------------------------------- ([k) firk µ --------------------------------

(x) ek¡ µ -------------------------------- (?k) cPpk µ --------------------------------

(Ä) jkr µ --------------------------------

3- milxZ vyx dfj,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) izfrfØ;k µ --------------------- ([k) vutku µ ---------------------

(x) laHkkouk µ --------------------- (?k) ifjJe µ ---------------------

(Ä) vfo'okl µ ---------------------

21

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2



1- mfpr 'kCn ls okD; iw.kZ dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) v;ku osQ Bhd gksus esa fuf'pr --------------------- yxsxhA (vo/h@vof/)

([k) cPps cM+ksa dh --------------------- vf/d e”kcwr gksrs gSaA (vis{kk@mis{kk)

(x) ;g jksx --------------------- cPpksa dks gksrk gSA (vdlj@vlj)

(?k) mlus --------------------- ls xgjh lk¡l yhA ('kkSd@mRlkg)

(Ä) oSaQlj ls yM+us dh --------------------- ij fo'okl c<+ x;kA ({kerk@n{krk)

2- fn, x, okD;ksa esa lgh () vkSj xyr () dk fu'kku yxkb,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) bejku dks oSaQlj FkkA

([k) gksVy esa [kkuk [kkrs&[kkrs v;ku dks myVh gqbZA

(x) bejku vkSj v;ku us vkeus&lkeus cSBdj ckr dhA

(?k) bejku csVs dks ^cFkZ Ms* eukus gksVy x;k FkkA

(Ä) bejku us dgk fd vlyh ghjks mldk csVk gSA

3- loZuke 'kCnksa dks js[kkafdr dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) vkius lkjs VSLV djok,A ([k) eSa cSVeSu gw¡A (x) D;k rqe v;ku gks\ (?k) og pkj lky dk FkkA (Ä) mls Hkh l¡Hkkyuk gksxkA

22

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- ;fn chekj gksus ij vkidh cgu fujk'k gks tk, rks vki mldk mRlkg oSQls c<+k,¡xs\ 5

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2- ^fgEer vkSj ftanxh* fo"k; ij vkB&nl iafDr;k¡ fyf[k,A 5

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23

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) bejku vius csVs osQ fy, cSVeSu cu x,A blls v;ku dk lqij ghjks dh lqij ikolZ vkSj

oSaQlj ls yM+us dh {kerk ij ;dhu c<+ x;kA

([k) bejku I+kQksu ij csVs dks tokc nsus ls igys oqQN nsj blfy, #osQ D;ksafd os csVs dks mfpr vkok”k esa tokc nsuk pkgrs Fks] rkfd og mldh vkok”k igpku u losQA

(x) v;ku us I+kQksu ij vius firk dh vkok”k dks 'kk;n ugha igpkuk vkSj 'kk;n igpku fy;kA v;ku vleatl dh fLFkfr esa FkkA

(?k) bejku v;ku osQ isQojsV vk;jueSu osQ uke ls mls iqdkjuk pkgrk Fkk rkfd mldh 'kfDr c<s+ blfy, bejku us mls ^v;kueSu* cuk fn;kA

(Ä) bejku us vius csVs dks vlyh ghjks blfy, dgk D;ksafd mlus osQoy pkj lky dh mez esa ml chekjh ij fot; ik yh] ftls ns[kdj cMs+&cMs+ Mj tkrs gSaA

2- (d) iq=k] ru; ([k) rkr] tud (x) vack] ekrk (?k) cky] ckyd (Ä) jtuh] jkf=k

3- (d) izfr ([k) vu (x) le~ (?k) ifj (Ä) v

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2

1- (d) vof/ ([k) vis{kk (x) vdlj (?k) mRlkg (Ä) {kerk

2- (d) ([k) (x) (?k) (Ä)

3- (d) vkius ([k) eSa (x) D;k] rqe (?k) og (Ä) mls

24

lcls cM+k lq[k

lkjka'k

ekuo gks ;k i'kq&i{kh] lHkh Lora=k jguk pkgrs gSaA izLrqr dgkuh esa ck?k oqQRrs dks LoLFk ns[kdj gSjku gksrk gSA og tkuuk pkgrk gS fd mls gj fnu Hkkstu dh izkfIr ljyrk ls oSQls gks tkrh gSA oqQRrk mls crkrk gS fd og ekfyd osQ ?kj dh j[kokyh djrk gS] cnys esa mls vPNk [kkuk feyrk gS] I;kj feyrk gSA ck?k Hkh ;g dk;Z djus dks rS;kj gks tkrk gSA oqQRrs osQ xys osQ fu'kku dks ns[kdj ck?k fopfyr gks x;kA og oqQRrs ls bldk dkj.k iwNrk gS] rks oqQRrk crkrk gS fd mldk ekfyd mls fnu Hkj ck¡èkdj j[krk gS] mlh ls fu'kku iM+k gSA ck?k dks ijra=krk eatwj ughaA og lc Bqdjkdj taxy dh jkg idM+ ysrk gSA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd (d) ck?k us oqQRrs ls iwNk fd og bruk rkdroj vkSj gV~Vk&dV~Vk oSQls gSA

([k) oqQRrk fn[kus esa gV~Vk&dV~Vk FkkA

(x) pyrs&pyrs ck?k dks oqQRrs dh xjnu ij iV~Vs dh otg ls iM+us okyk fu'kku fn[kkbZ fn;kA

(?k) ck?k us oqQRrs ls mldh xjnu ij iM+us okys fu'kku dh otg crkus dh f”kn dhA

(Ä) oqQRrs dks mlosQ ekfyd n~okjk ”kathj ls ck¡/dj j[ks tkus dh ckr lqudj ck?k pkSad iM+k FkkA

fyf[kr

1- (d) (ii) nqcyk&iryk ([k) (i) j[kokyh djrk Fkk (x) (iv) taxy&taxy (?k) (i) iV~Vsokyh ”kathj ls ck¡/dj (Ä) (iv) jkr dks

2- (d) oqQRrk ekfyd dh xqykeh djrk FkkA jkr Hkj tkxrk FkkA cnys esa ekfyd mls vPNk [kkuk nsrk Fkk] blfy, og gV~Vk&dV~Vk FkkA oqQRrs us ck?k dks vius LoLFk gksus dk ;gh dkj.k crk;kA

([k) ck?k nqcyk&iryk blfy, gks x;k Fkk] D;ksafd og fnu Hkj [kkuk tqVkus osQ fy, taxy&taxy HkVdrk jgrk Fkk fiQj Hkh HkjisV [kkuk ugha tqVk ikrk FkkA fdlh&fdlh fnu mls Hkw[ks isV Hkh jguk iM+rk FkkA [kkuk u feyus osQ dkj.k gh og nqcyk&iryk gks x;k FkkA

4

25

(x) ck?k dks Hkkstu tqVkus osQ fy, taxy&taxy HkVduk iM+rk FkkA xjeh] ljnh] o"kkZ esa Hkh Hkkstu dh ryk'k djuh iM+rh Fkh] fiQj Hkh mls i;kZIr Hkkstu ugha feyrk FkkA

(?k) oqQRrs dh ;g ckr lqudj ck?k pkSad mBk fd mldk ekfyd mls fnuHkj ”kathj ls ck¡/dj j[krk gS vkSj og fnu esa viuh e”khZ ls dgha vk&tk ugha ldrkA

(Ä) bl dgkuh ls gesa ;g f'k{kk feyrh gS fd Lora=krk gh loZJs"B gSA Lora=k jgdj] d"Vksa Hkjk thou thuk Hkh lq[knk;h gS] tcfd ijra=krk esa lq[k&lqfo/k,¡ Hkh O;FkZ gSaA

(p) d"Vksa Hkjs Lora=k thou esa Hkh ,d izdkj dh 'kkafr vkSj vkuan izkIr gksrk gSA fiatjs esa rks NksVk&lk i{kh Hkh jguk Lohdkj ugha djrk] fiQj euq"; rks l{ke gSA nwljs dh xqykeh djrs gq, bPNk u gksrs gq, Hkh gesa mu ij fuHkZj jguk iM+rk gSA muosQ n~okjk crk, dk;ks± dks iw.kZ djuk gksrk gS] ,sls esa ge viuk eku&lEeku] LokfHkeku lc [kks cSBrs gSaA blfy, gesa d"Vksa Hkjk Lora=k thou ilan gSA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

O;kdj.k dh ckr

fo'ks"k.k laKk fo'ks"k.k laKk

1- (d) eksVk&rk”kk 'kjhj ([k) nqcyk&iryk ck?k (x) Hkw[ks isV (?k) Lokfn"V Hkkstu (Ä) cM+k&lk ?kj (p) ?kus cky (N) vPNh [kqjkd (t) pkSM+k iV~Vk

2- (d) ;g ([k) esjh] eSa (x) eq>s (?k) tks&og] eSa] rqe (Ä) ml (p) D;k] oqQN

3- (d) dk;k] ru ([k) x`g] lnu (x) oqQDoqQj] 'oku (?k) fnol] fnok (Ä) 'ksj] O;k?kz (p) jkf=k] jtuh

4- (d) vpjt ([k) cjlkr (x) dksf'k'k (?k) gSjkuh (Ä) ea”kwj

O;fDrRo fu[kkj

fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a djsaA



26

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1



1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) Hkkstu osQ fy, oqQRrs us ck?k dks D;k djus dks dgk\

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([k) ck?k oqQRrs dh ckr ljyrk ls D;ksa eku x;k\

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(x) ck?k us oqQRrs ls ^mldh xjnu osQ jks,¡ dk jax oSQls mM+ x;k* D;ksa iwNk\

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(?k) oqQRrs osQ j[kokys mlosQ fy, D;k&D;k dk;Z djrs Fks\

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(Ä) ck?k taxy dh vksj okil D;ksa pyk x;k\

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2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa ls milxZ o ewy'kCn vyx dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) HkjisV ------------------------- $ -------------------------

([k) iz;Ru ------------------------- $ -------------------------

(x) csvlj ------------------------- $ -------------------------

(?k) vuko';d ------------------------- $ -------------------------

(Ä) vkgkj ------------------------- $ -------------------------

3- cgqopu :i fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) oqQRrk µ --------------------------- ([k) iV~Vk µ ---------------------------

(x) ”kathj µ --------------------------- (?k) vk¡[k µ ---------------------------

(Ä) jkr µ ---------------------------

27

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) rkdroj µ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) HkjisV µ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) ,dk,d µ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) ”kathj µ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) gV~Vk&dV~Vk µ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ fyax cnfy,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ck?k µ --------------------- ([k) fgj.k µ ---------------------

(x) ekfyd µ --------------------- (?k) HkkbZ µ ---------------------

(Ä) ukSdj µ ---------------------

3- fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ ^dh@fd* yxkdj dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ck?k us dgk ----------- ,d ckr iwNuk pkgrk gw¡A

([k) jkr Hkj ekfyd osQ ?kj ----------- ns[kHkky djuh iM+rh gSA

(x) ,dk,d ck?k dh u”kj oqQRrs ----------- xjnu ij iM+hA

(?k) ck?k us f”kn ----------- ----------- rqEgsa crkuk gh iMs+xkA

(Ä) oqQRrs us dgk ----------- oqQN Hkh rks ughaA

28

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- ^nwljs osQ v/hu jgdj jktHkksx [kkus ls vPNk gS] Hkw[ks jguk* Li"V dhft,A 5

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2- ge Hkkjroklh vaxzs”kksa osQ v/hu jg pqosQ gSa] blfy, Lora=krk dh dher le>rs gSaA fdlh ,sfrgkfld pfj=k osQ mnkgj.k ls o.kZu dhft,A 5

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29

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) Hkkstu izkIr djus osQ fy, oqQRrs us ck?k dks viuh rjg jkr Hkj ekfyd osQ ?kj dh ns[k&js[k

djus dks dgkA ([k) ck?k dks vkgkj tqVkus osQ fy, taxy&taxy HkVduk iM+rk Fkk blfy, og oqQRrs dh ckr

ljyrk ls eku x;kA (x) ck?k tkuuk pkgrk Fkk fd oqQRrs dh xjnu osQ jks,¡ dk jax mM+us osQ ihNs D;k dkj.k gks

ldrk gSA dgha mldk ekfyd ml ij vR;kpkj rks ugha djrkA (?k) oqQRrs osQ j[kokys mls vPNs ls vPNk [kkuk nsrs Fks] ugykrs Fks vkSj I;kj Hkh djrs FksA (Ä) ck?k taxy dh vksj blfy, okil pyk x;k] D;ksafd mls fdlh dh xqykeh ilan ugha FkhA

og vk”kkn jgdj] :[kk&lw[kk [kkdj Hkh [kq'k FkkA

2- (d) Hkj isV ([k) iz ;Ru

(x) cs vlj (?k) vu vko';d (Ä) vk gkj

3- (d) oqQRrs ([k) iV~Vs (x) ”kathjsa (?k) vk¡[ksa (Ä) jkrsa

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) 'ksj rkdroj izk.kh gSA

([k) vkt nkor esa lcus HkjisV [kkuk [kk;kA

(x) ujs'k ,dk,d pDdj [kkdj fxj iM+kA

(?k) fdlh Hkh tho dks ”kathj ls ck¡/dj j[kuk mfpr ughaA

(Ä) gj fnu vPNk [kkuk [kkus ls oqQRrk gV~Vk&dV~Vk gks x;k FkkA (fon~;kFkhZ viuh #fp osQ okD; Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

2- (d) ckf?ku ([k) fgj.kh (x) ekyfdu (?k) cgu (Ä) ukSdjkuh

3- (d) fd ([k) dh (x) dh (?k) dh] fd (Ä) fd

30

yqdk&fNih

lkjka'k

dgk tkrk gS fd cPps dh izFke f'kf{kdk mldh ek¡ gksrh gSA cPps osQ 'kkjhfjd vkSj ekufld fodkl osQ fy, ek¡&cki dk I;kj vfuok;Z gSA NksVk cPpk ekrk osQ lehi vf/d jgrk gSA ek¡ osQ lkFk yqdk&fNih dk [ksy [ksyuk mls vPNk yxrk gSA cPpk pkgrk gS] iwQy cudj ek¡ dh fnup;kZ dks ns[krk jgs] ij ek¡ osQ iqdkjus ij mlosQ ikl uk vk,A tc ek¡ fopfyr gksus yxs] rks vpkud ls vkdj ek¡ dh xksnh esa fNi tk,] rkfd ek¡ dg losQµjs uV[kV! rw dgk¡ x;k FkkA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrjekSf[kd (d) bl iafDr esa ^eSa* eqUuk gSA ([k) cPpk iwQy cudj paik osQ isM+ ij f[kyuk pkgrk gSA (x) ek¡ blfy, gkj tk,xh] D;ksafd og iwQy cus gq, vius cPps dks igpku ugha ik,xhA (?k) nksigj osQ le; ek¡ iqLrd ysdj cSBsxhA (Ä) lk¡> osQ le; eqUuk ek¡ ls dgkuh lqukus dks dgsxkA

fyf[kr 1- (d) (i) paik osQ ([k) (iii) iwtk?kj esa (x) (iv) iwQy dh (?k) (i) isM+ dh (Ä) (ii) uV[kV

2- (d) cpiu esa cPps osQ fy, mldh ek¡ gh mldk f[kykSuk] mldh fe=k] mldh lHkh oqQN gksrh gSA og lcls vf/d fudV viuh ek¡ osQ gh gksrk gSA ek¡ mldh gj NksVh&cM+h ”k:jr dks iwjk djrh gS blfy, og ek¡ dk gh laioZQ pkgrk gSA

([k) ek¡ laè;k osQ le; nh;k tykdj vk¡xu esa vk tkrh gSA ,sls esa eqUuk iwQy dk [ksy lekIr djosQ isM+ ls /jrh ij vk tkrk gSA

(x) iwQy vkSj cPpk nksuksa dksey gksrs gSaA nksuksa f[kyrs vkSj f[kyf[kykrs gq, vPNs yxrs gSaA nksuksa ls lHkh I;kj djrs gSaA ;gh ckrsa nksuksa esa leku gksrh gSaA

(?k) dfork dk 'kh"kZd ^yqdk&fNih* vuqi;qDr yxk mldk lcls cM+k dkj.k ;gh gS fd yqdk&fNih osQ [ksy esa ,d cPPkk Nqi tkrk gS] rks nwljk mls <w¡<+rk gSA izLrqr dfork esa cPpk Lo;a gh fNidj ek¡ dks lc dk;Z djrs gq, ns[krk jgrk gS fiQj Lo;a gh izdV gks

5

31

tkrk gSA ek¡ osQ iwNus ij ugha crkrk fd og dgk¡ FkkA bldk mi;qDr 'kh"kZd ^uV[kV ckyd* j[kk tk ldrk gSA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

(Ä) dfo us cPps dh uV[kV 'kjkjrksa dk o.kZu djrs gq, crk;k gS fd mls ek¡ osQ I;kj dh vko';drk gSA ek¡ cPps osQ fy, loksZifj gSA ek¡ dh eerk vkSj cPps dk nqykj fn[kkuk gh dfo dk mn~ns'; gSA ek¡&cki ls I;kj ikuk gj cPps dk vf/dkj gS] blh ls ekrk&firk Lo;a Hkh ekuks vius cpiu esa ykSV tkrs gSaA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

O;kdj.k dh ckr 1- (d) nqx±/ ([k) eqj>kuk (x) thr (?k) lk¡> (Ä) floqQM+uk

2- (d) [kkvksxh vkvksxh mBkvksxh ([k) 'kwy ewy /wy (x) 'kksj ”kksj eksj (?k) ykyh tkyh ekyh (Ä) ek;k dk;k vk;k

3- (d) 'kjkjr ([k) [ksy (x) cq<+kik (?k) g¡lh (Ä) cpiu (p) thr (N) e/qjrk (t) Åijh

4- (d) lqykdj ([k) #ykdj (x) gVkdj (?k) fn[kkdj (Ä) Hkkxdj (p) nkSM+dj (N) j[kdj (t) tkdj

O;fDrRo fu[kkj fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a djsaA


32

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1



1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) cPpk oSQls fgyuk&Mqyuk pkgrk gS\

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([k) ek¡ D;k dgdj iqdkjsxh\

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(x) ek¡ osQ dke esa yxs jgus ij eqUuk D;k djsxk\

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(?k) ek¡ iwtk?kj oSQls tk,xh\

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(Ä) ek¡ D;k ugha le> ik,xh\

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2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ vFkZ fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) osQ'k µ --------------------------- ([k) lqxa/ µ ---------------------------

(x) Hkksj µ --------------------------- (?k) uUgh&lh µ ---------------------------

(Ä) uV[kV µ ---------------------------

3- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ okD; cukb,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) isM+ µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) Hkksj dh csyk µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) lqxa/ µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) iqLrd µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) uUgh Nk;k µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

33

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2



1- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa dk feyku dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) dejs dh f[kM+dh ls (i) nh;k tykdj

([k) iwQy cudj (ii) /jrh ij Vid iMw¡xk

(x) lk¡> dks (iii) Mkyh ij fgyus&Mqyus yxw¡

(?k) Vi ls (iv) papk dk isM+

(Ä) Hkksj csyk esa (v) isM+ dh Nk;k

2- opu cnydj okD; iqu% fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) mldh vk¡[k esa oqQN fxj x;kA

([k) ek¡ us laè;k gksrs gh nh;k tyk fn;kA

(x) eSaus dgkfu;ksa dh iqLrosaQ i<+haA

(?k) f[kM+dh ij dcwrj us ?kksalyk cuk;kA

(Ä) eSa Mkyh ij cSB tkm¡QxkA

3- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ dkjd dk Hksn fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) eSaus 'kjkjr dh ([k) rqe ihB ij osQ'k iSQykdj vkvksxhA

(x) iwQy dh lqxa/ vk,xhA

(?k) Vi ls /jrh ij Vid iMw¡xkA

(Ä) rqe iwtk?kj esa vkvksxhA

34

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- ^bZ'oj gj txg ugha igq¡p ikrk] blfy, mlus ek¡ dks cuk;kA* D;k vki blls lger gSa\ fyf[k,A 5

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2- vkidh ek¡ lqcg mBus ls ysdj] jkr dks lksus rd vkiosQ fy, vusd dk;Z djrh gSaA vki ek¡ dh enn fdl izdkj djsaxs\ 5

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35

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) cPpk Mkyh ij cSBdj fgyuk&Mqyuk pkgrk gSA ([k) ^eqUuk dgk¡ x;k js!* ek¡ ;g dgdj iqdkjsxhA (x) ek¡ osQ dke esa yxs jgus ij eqUuk viuh vk¡[ksa [kksydj lc oqQN ns[ksxkA (?k) ek¡ ihB ij vius xhys cky iSQykdj paik osQ isM+ osQ uhps ls fudydj iwtk?kj tk,xhA (Ä) ek¡ ;g ugha le> ik,xh fd lqxa/ mlosQ eqUuk osQ 'kjhj ls vk jgh gSA

2- (d) cky ([k) [kq'kcw (x) lqcg (?k) NksVh&lh (Ä) 'kjkjrh

3- (d) eqUuk isM+ ij iwQy cudj f[kyuk pkgrk gSA ([k) gesa Hkksj dh csyk esa mBdj O;k;ke djuk pkfg,A (x) iwQyksa dh Hkhuh&Hkhuh lqxa/ vkdf"kZr djrh gSA (?k) gesa iqLrdksa ls Kku izkIr gksrk gSA (Ä) vius eqUus dh uUgh Nk;k ls Hkh ek¡ I;kj djrh gSA (fon~;kFkhZ viuh #fp osQ okD; Hkh cuk ldrs gSaA)

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) dejs dh f[kM+dh ls (v) isM+ dh Nk;k ([k) iwQy cudj (iv) paik dk isM+ (x) lk¡> dks (i) nh;k tykdj (?k) Vi ls (ii) /jrh ij Vid iM+ w¡xk (Ä) Hkksj csyk esa (iii) Mkyh ij fgyus&Mqyus yxw¡

2- (d) mudh vk¡[kksa esa oqQN fxj x;kA ([k) ek¡ us laè;k gksrs gh nh;s tyk fn,A (x) geus dgkuh dh iqLroQ i<+hA (?k) f[kM+fd;ksa ij dcwrjksa us ?kksalys cuk,A (Ä) ge Mkfy;ksa ij cSB tk,¡xsA

3- (d) us µ drkZ dkjd ([k) ij µ vf/dj.k dkjd (x) dh µ laca/ dkjd (?k) ls µ viknku dkjd (Ä) esa µ vf/dj.k dkjd

36

xqysyckt yM+dk

lkjka'k

dHkh&dHkh cPps Hkh ozwQjrk dks viuk ysrs gSaA ,sls esa os vius ls de”kksj dks lrkdj larqf"V izkIr djrs gSaA cks/jkt Hkh if{k;ksa dks lrkdj] muosQ vaMksa dks u"V djosQ vkuan dk vuqHko djrk Fkk] ysfdu tc phy eSuk osQ NksVs cPpksa dks [kkus osQ fy, vkxs c<+rh gS] rks mldk ân; ifjofrZr gks tkrk gSA og mu ykpkj vkSj cscl cPpksa dks cpkrk gSA ,d iy gh euq"; dh ekufld fLFkfr dks cny ldrk gSA ;gh cks/jkt osQ lkFk Hkh gqvkA ys[kd Lo;a gSjku Fkk fd vkt Hk{kd gh j{kd cuk gqvk FkkA dBksjrk dkseyrk esa ny pqdh FkhA owzQjrk dk LFkku izse us ys fy;k FkkA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd (d) dgkuh esa ^tkfye* 'kCn cks/jkt osQ fy, iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA

([k) xqysyck”k ?kksalyksa ls vaMs fudkydj rksM+&iQksM+ nsrk FkkA

(x) cks/jkt tsc esa xqysy j[kdj ?kwerk FkkA

(?k) pksj nhokj iQk¡nus osQ fy, xksg dks vius ikl j[krs FksA

(Ä) ek¡ cks/jkt dks le>k;k djrh Fkha fd fujhg tkuojksa dks rax ugha fd;k djrsA

fyf[kr 1- (d) (i) xksg ([k) (iii) eSuk osQ (x) (ii) 'kgrhj ij (?k) (ii) xSjkt esa

2- (d) cks/jkt ,d tkfye yM+dk FkkA og if{k;ksa osQ vaMs iQksM+ nsrk Fkk] xqysy ls mUgsa ekjrk FkkA ek¡ ;g lc tkurh Fkh] blfy, mls ys[kd dk cks/jkt osQ lkFk ?kweuk vPNk ugha yxrk FkkA

([k) cks/jkt ys[kd osQ cMs+ ?kj esa blfy, vkus yxkA 'kk;n mls irk Fkk fd ;gk¡ f'kdkj vPNk feysxk] D;ksafd iqjkus ?kj esa vkSj ?kj osQ vk¡xu esa if{k;ksa osQ ?kksalys FksA ?kj osQ fiNys fgLls esa cM+k&lk xksnke FkkA ;gk¡ Hkh dcwrjksa dk Msjk FkkA

(x) tc cks/jkt us xksnke esa phy dks ns[kk] rks og le> x;k fd phy eSuk osQ cPpksa dks [kk tk,xhA eSuk osQ cPpksa dks cpkus osQ pDdj esa mldh Lo;a dh owzQjrk Hkh tkrh jghA

6

37

(?k) cks/jkt us ys[kd osQ gkFkksa esa oaQdM blfy, fn,] rkfd ys[kd phy ij xqysy ls oaQdM+ isaQdrk jgs vkSj phy cSB u ik,A blh chp cksèkjkt es”k dks chpksa&chp yxkdj cPpksa dks cpk losQA

(Ä) nwljs fnu cks/jkt eSuk osQ cPpksa osQ fy, tsc esa pqXxk Hkjdj yk;kA nksuksa nsj rd eSuk osQ cPpksa dks pqXxk Mkyrs jgs vkSj muosQ djrc ns[krs jgsA

(p) cks/jkt phy dks xqysy ls ekj MkyrkA og fdlh Hkh dher ij eSuk osQ cPpksa dks cpkus dk iz;Ru djrkA cks/jkt dk ân; ifjorZu gks pqdk FkkA vc og fdlh Hkh NksVs tho dks uqdlku igq¡pkuk ugha pkgrk FkkA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj fy[k ldrs gSaA)

(N) dksbZ i'kq&i{kh ladV esa feyus ij mldh j{kk dk iz;kl djuk pkfg,A ;fn og ?kk;y gS rks mldk bykt djokuk pkfg,A mlosQ Hkkstu&ikuh dk bar”kke djuk pkfg,A

(fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj fy[k ldrs gSaA)

O;kdj.k dh ckr 1- (d) yM+osQ ([k) dk¡Vs (x) ?kksalys (?k) fdukjs (Ä) nhokjsa

2- cw¡n&cw¡n pksa&pksa rjg&rjg uUgs&uUgs /hjs&/hjs rksM+&iQksM+ vius&vius xqVjxw¡&xqVjxw¡ NksVs&NksVs

3- (d) (iii) ([k) (v) (x) (iv) (?k) (ii) (Ä) (i)

4- fo'ks"k.k fo'ks"; fo'ks"k.k fo'ks"; NBh d{kk nl vkneh tkfye yM+dk cM+k ?kj uaxs gkFkksa fiNyk fgLlk



38

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1



1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) cks/jkt tsc esa D;k j[ks ?kwerk Fkk\

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([k) cks/jkt us xksg osQ fo"k; esa D;k crk;k\

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(x) xksg fdrus yksxksa dks Åij [khapus dh {kerk j[krh gS\

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(?k) ys[kd cMs+ ?kj esa jgus D;ksa pyk x;k\

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(Ä) nksuksa cPpksa us xksnke esa tkrs gh D;k ns[kk\

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2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ L=khfyax :i fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) uj eSuk µ --------------------- ([k) dcwrj µ ---------------------

(x) uj phy µ --------------------- (?k) fpfM+;k µ ---------------------

(Ä) uj rksrk µ ---------------------

3- 'kCn fdlus fdlls dgsµ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) pksj vius ikl xksg dks j[krs gSaA ([k) ek¡ dks esjk cks/jkt osQ lkFk ?kweuk vPNk ugha yxrk FkkA

(x) tks ?kksalys rksM+rk gS] mls iki p<+rk gSA

(?k) buosQ ek¡&cki dgk¡ gSa\

(Ä) phy viuk ?kksalyk isM+ksa ij cukrh gSA

39

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) f?kukSuk µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) ?kksalyk µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) jks'kunku µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) 'kgrhj µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) xqysy µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ uhps uqDrk yxkb,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) est µ ------------------------------------

([k) etcwr µ ------------------------------------

(x) vkokt µ ------------------------------------

(?k) btktr µ ------------------------------------

(Ä) t:j µ ------------------------------------

3- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ cgqopu :i fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) dkWih µ ---------------------

([k) frryh µ ---------------------

(x) d{kk µ ---------------------

(?k) vaMk µ ---------------------

(Ä) dk¡Vk µ ---------------------

40

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- okrkoj.k dks 'kqn~/ djus esa i{kh egRRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSa] oSQls\ fyf[k,A 5

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2- fnYyh ls NksVh ^xkSjS;k* yqIr gks jgh gSaA vkidh n`f"V esa blosQ D;k dkj.k gks ldrs gSa\ fyf[k,A 5

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41

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) cks/jkt tsc esa dHkh eSuk dk cPpk] dHkh rjg&rjg osQ vaMs ;k dk¡Vsnkj >kÅ pwgk j[kdj

?kwerk FkkA

([k) cks/jkt us crk;k fd xksg dks pksj vius ikl j[krs gSaA os nhokj iQk¡nus osQ fy, xksg dk bLrseky djrs gSaA

(x) xksg nl vknfe;ksa dks Åij [khapus dh {kerk j[krh gSA

(?k) ys[kd cMs+ ?kj esa jgus blfy, pyk x;k] D;ksafd mlosQ firk dh rjDdh gqbZ FkhA

(Ä) nksuksa cPpksa us xksnke esa tkrs gh I+kQ'kZ ij fc[kjs if{k;ksa osQ ia[k vkSj if{k;ksa dh chV ns[khA

2- (d) eknk eSuk ([k) dcwrjh (x) eknk phy (?k) fpM+k (Ä) eknk rksrk

3- (d) cks/jkt us fe=kksa ls

([k) ys[kd us ikBdksa ls

(x) ek¡ us ys[kd ls

(?k) ys[kd us cks/jkt ls

(Ä) cks/jkt us ys[kd ls

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) cks/jkt dbZ f?kukSus dk;Z djrk FkkA

([k) fpfM+;k dk ?kksalyk isM+ ij FkkA

(x) dcwrjh us jks'kunku esa vaMs fn, FksA

(?k) 'kgrhj ij phy cSBh FkhA

(Ä) cks/jkt us xqysy ls phy dks mM+k;kA (fon~;kFkhZ viuh #fp osQ okD; Hkh cuk ldrs gSaA)

2- (d) es”k ([k) e”kcwr (x) vkok”k (?k) btk”kr (Ä) ”k:j

3- (d) dkWfi;k¡ ([k) frrfy;k¡ (x) d{kk,¡ (?k) vaMs (Ä) dk¡Vs

42

eaxj

lkjka'k

eaxj gV~Vs&dV~Vs 'kjhj dk Lokeh] ekfyd osQ izfr iwjh rjg ls oI+kQknkj rFkk Ny&diV jfgr FkkA ifjJeh O;fDr xjhc Hkys gks] ij LokfHkekuh vo'; gksrk gSA ;gh eaxj osQ lkFk FkkA og fdlh dh xyr ckr ugha lqurk FkkA ekfyd dks mls dgus dh vko';drk ugha iM+rh fd dy gy [ksr esa fdl vksj pysxkA og Lo;a gh dk;Z dks le; ij iwjk dj nsrk FkkA tokuh esa tks eaxj vdM+dj pyrk Fkk] fdlh dh ugha lqurk Fkk] cq<+kis esa ogh ykpkj vkSj cscl gks x;kA 'kjhj dks ydok ekj x;k] ,sls esa lkjk xqLlk viuh iRuh ij fudyrk FkkA ys[kd dk dFku gS fd fL=k;k¡ ifjfLFkfr osQ vuqlkj Lo;a dks tYnh <ky ysrh gSaA cq<+kis osQ dkj.k eaxj dk 'kjhj de”kksj gks x;k Fkk] ijarq ulsa <hyh iM+ tkus] [kwu dk lksrk lw[kus osQ ckn vkt Hkh mlesa rjaxsa mBrh gSa] og esgur djuk pkgrk gS ij mu rjaxksa dks l¡Hkkyus okyk dksbZ ugha gSA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrjekSf[kd (d) eaxj dk 'kjhj gV~Vk&dV~Vk FkkA ([k) eaxj dks ns[kdj cPps blfy, Hkkx tkrs Fks] D;ksafd mls cPpksa ls LokHkkfod Lusg ugha FkkA (x) eaxj ys[kd osQ ckck dk vknj muosQ usd LoHkko osQ dkj.k djrk FkkA (?k) eaxj dks ys[kd osQ pkpk th nksckjk cqykus x,A (Ä) eaxj cSyksa dks egknso dk :i ekurk FkkA

fyf[kr 1- (d) (ii) csVh dh 'kknh esa

([k) (i) pkpk (x) (ii) vPNs vukt dh

(?k) (iv) ;s lHkh (Ä) (iii) v/k±x

2- (d) eaxj dk csVk de mez esa gh py clk Fkk vkSj ,d ckj eqlhcr dkVus csVh osQ ?kj x;k rks nkekn us ,slh cs#[kh fn[kkbZ fd eaxj dk LokfHkeku mls ogk¡ ls ykSVk yk;k] blfy, mls cPpksa ls for`".kk FkhA

7

43

([k) ys[kd us ,slk blfy, dgk D;ksafd eaxj xjhc Hkys gh Fkk] ysfdu mlus dHkh fdlh dh xyr ckr dks cnkZ'r ugha fd;kA vius ls cM+k fdlh dks ugha ekukA esgur djrk Fkk] mlh dh dekbZ [kkrk Fkk] blfy, og viuk LokfHkeku cuk, gq, FkkA

(x) ftruh le; esa nwljs gyokgs nl dV~Bk [ksr tksrrs Fks] mruh nsj esa eaxj ianzg dV~Bk [ksr tksr nsrk Fkk] og Hkh ,slk eghu fd dgha dksbZ <syk u feysA mls dHkh oqQN dgus dh ”k:jr ugha iM+rh FkhA dgk¡ [ksr tqrsxk] og igys gh fnu ns[k vkrk vkSj losjs vius&vki gy ysdj ogk¡ igq¡p tkrk tcfd nwljs gyokgksa esa ;g ckr u FkhA bUgha ckrksa ls eaxj nwljs gyokgksa ls fHkUu FkkA

(?k) pkpk th dks pkj fnu esa gh irk py x;k fd eaxj osQ fcuk dke gksuk dfBu gSA cSyksa osQ da/s fNy x,] muosQ iSj esa iQky yx x;kA [ksrksa esa gy pyus osQ cko”kwn u rks <syk gqvk vkSj u gh feV~Vh feyh] blfy, pkpk th eaxj dks cqykus ij foo'k gq,A

(Ä) ;qokoLFkk esa O;fDr dk;Z djosQ vius&vki dks LoLFk j[krk gSA nwljksa osQ le{k gkFk ugha iSQykrk] blfy, LokfHkekuh Hkh gksrk gS] ysfdu tSls&tSls mez c<+rh gS] ekalisf'k;k¡ f'kfFky iM+ tkrh gSa] dke gks ugha ikrkA tc balku dk;Z ugha djrk] rc yksx mls frjLdkj dh n`f"V ls ns[krs gSaA O;fDr Lo;a dks ykpkj vkSj cscl le>rk gSA ;gh eaxj osQ lkFk Hkh gqvkA

(p) cq<+kis osQ dkj.k eaxj osQ 'kjhj us dke djuk can dj fn;k FkkA mlosQ ckn mldh ,d vk¡[k ls fn[kuk can gks x;k] ysfdu foink ;gk¡ Hkh [kRe ugha gqbZ vkSj eaxj dks v/k±x ekj x;kA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

(N) cq<+kis esa lcls vf/d ”k:jr lkFk dh gksrh gSA o`n~/ksa osQ lkFk cfr;kus okyk dksbZ ugha gksrkA nwljs ?kj osQ rFkk ckgj osQ NksVs&NksVs dk;ks± dks iw.kZ djus esa mUgsa dbZ dfBukb;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gS ,sls esa ;fn dksbZ mUgsa lgkjk ns ns] muosQ NksVs&NksVs dk;Z dj ns rks os izlUu gks tkrs gSaA ;fn mUgsa ck”kkj ls oqQN pkfg, rks ge ykdj ns ldrs gSa] ?kj esa dHkh&dHkh pk; cukdj nsuk ;k vius ?kj esa fdlh ,slh oLrq osQ cuus ij] tks mUgsa ilan gS] mUgsa nsdj mudh enn dj ldrs gSaA fctyh o ikuh osQ fcy Hkjdj Hkh mudh enn dj ldrs gSaA dHkh ck”kkj ls nok ykdj ns ldrs gSaA


3- (d) ([k) (x) (?k)

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- (d) csbZekuh ([k) ?kVuk (x) iwjh (?k) ?k`.kk (Ä) iDdk (p) dBksj

44

2- (d) vke vkneh dh rkdr dks dkSu ugha tkurkA eq>s vke [kkuk vPNk yxrk gSA

([k) Ñ".k xksfi;ksa lax jkl jpkrs FksA vkt ;gk¡ xsgw¡ dh dVkbZ gksus ij jkl j[kh tk,xhA

(x) elwjh esa [kwclwjr lksrk gSA esjs HkS;k eq>s lksrk NksM+dj pys x,A

(?k) phy rkd esa cSBh FkhA og yM+dk eq>s yxkrkj rkd jgk gSA

3- (d) lhapuk ([k) ihluk (x) cquuk

(?k) i<+uk (Ä) dkVuk (p) flyuk

4- (d) cSyksa osQ da/s fNy x, vkSj muosQ iSjksa esa iQky yx x;kA

([k) mlls oqQN iqQVdj dke fy, x,] ysfdu ;g Hkh ”;knk fnuksa rd ugha py ldkA

(x) eaxj cgqr esgurh Fkk] blfy, lc mls ilan djrs FksA

(?k) egknso eq¡g rkosQ vkSj eSa [kkm¡Q] ;g oSQls gksxkA

(Ä) pkpk th eukus vk,] fdarq eaxj dgk¡ ekuus okyk FkkA



45

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1



1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) cPps eaxj dks oSQls NsM+rs Fks\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) eaxj dks pkpk th us D;k dgdj euk;k\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) eaxj vk/h jksVh fdlosQ fy, ysrk Fkk\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) dykdkj dh n`f"V ls ns[kus ij ys[kd dks eaxj dk 'kjhj oSQlk yxk\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) gekjs vHkkxs ns'k esa vlyh vUunkrkvksa osQ fy, fdl ph”k dh O;oLFkk ugha gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa ls izR;; o ewy'kCn vyx dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) 'kkjhfjd µ ----------------------- $ -----------------------

([k) LokHkkfod µ ----------------------- $ -----------------------

(x) O;fDrxr µ ----------------------- $ -----------------------

(?k) vD[kM+iu µ ----------------------- $ -----------------------

(Ä) fodflr µ ----------------------- $ -----------------------

3- fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa esa ^eSa* vkSj ^esa* dk mfpr iz;ksx dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) muosQ iSj --------------- iQky yx x;kA

([k) cM+k gksus ij --------------- ufugky tkus yxkA (x) mlosQ tSls yksxksa --------------- izk;% ns[kk tkrk gSA

(?k) --------------- vkSj esjk HkkbZ esyk ns[kus x,A (Ä) vc Hkh dHkh&dHkh ml --------------- rjaxsa mBrhaA

46

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2



1- milxZ o ewy'kCn vyx dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) lqvUu µ ----------------------- $ -----------------------

([k) lqfodflr µ ----------------------- $ -----------------------

(x) vieku µ ----------------------- $ -----------------------

(?k) izgkj µ ----------------------- $ -----------------------

(Ä) vLokHkkfod µ ----------------------- $ -----------------------

2- mfpr 'kCn ls fjDr&LFkku dh iwfrZ dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) iq#"kksa dh --------------------- fL=k;k¡ Lo;a dks tYnh <ky ysrh gSaA (vis{kk] mis{kk) ([k) mldh vk¡[k dk --------------------- ej x;kA (ty] ikuh) (x) og ;w¡ gh --------------------- fn[kk jgk FkkA (Øks/] fn[kkok) (?k) ge Hkkstu djrs gSaA ;g gekjh --------------------- gSA (izÑfr] vdM+) (Ä) eSa dkyh dgdj mldk --------------------- D;ksa d:¡A (eku] vieku)

3- L=khfyax :i fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) enZ µ --------------------- ([k) ukx µ ---------------------

(x) firk µ --------------------- (?k) pkpk µ ---------------------

(Ä) ckcw µ ---------------------

47

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- ^la;qDr ifjokj* osQ ykHk o gkfu;ksa osQ ckjs esa fyf[k,A 5

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2- gekjs cq”kqxZ vkt misf{kr thou thus dks e”kcwj gSa] ,slk vk/qfudrk dh va/h nkSM+ osQ dkj.k gS ;k vU; dkj.k gks ldrs gSa\ fyf[k,A 5

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48

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) cPps eaxj dks NksVh NfM+;ksa ls NsM+dj Hkkx tkrs FksA

([k) pkpk th us eaxj dks ;g dgdj euk;k fd vkil esa dHkh oqQN gks gh tkrk gS] ekI+kQ djksA

(x) eaxj vk/h jksVh cSyksa osQ fy, ysrk FkkA

(?k) ys[kd dks eaxj dk 'kjhj dkyk&dywVk] fiQj Hkh [kwclwjr yxkA laiw.kZ lqfodflr ekuo iqrys dk mRÑ"V uewukA

(Ä) gekjs vHkkxs ns'k esa vlyh vUunkrkvksa osQ fy, vFkkZr fdlkuksa osQ fy, cq<+kis esa isa'ku dh O;oLFkk ugha gSA

2- (d) 'kjhj $ bd ([k) LoHkko $ bd (x) O;fDr $ xr (?k) vD[kM+ $ iu

(Ä) fodkl $ br

3- (d) esa ([k) eSa (x) esa (?k) eSa (Ä) esa

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) lq $ vUu ([k) lq $ fodflr

(x) vi $ eku (?k) iz $ gkj

(Ä) v $ LokHkkfod

2- (d) vis{kk ([k) ikuh (x) Øks/ (?k) izÑfr (Ä) vieku

3- (d) vkSjr ([k) ukfxu (x) ekrk (?k) pkph (Ä) ccqvkbu

49

dgkuh fnYyh dh

lkjka'k

dgrs gSa fnYyh dk bfrgkl egkHkkjr dky ls 'kq: gks tkrk gSA fnYyh lkr ckj mtM+h vkSj clh gSA eksgEen xkSjh gks ;k eqxy gj dksbZ fnYyh dks viukuk pkgrk FkkA fnYyh ij jkt djuk gh lHkh dk è;s; jgk gSA vaxzs”kksa us Hkh fnYyh dks jkt/kuh cuk;k vkSj lkjs ns'k dh ckxM+ksj ;gha ls l¡HkkyhA tc vaxzs”kksa us ik¡o tek fy,] rks mUgksaus eqxy 'kkldksa dks [kRe dj fn;kA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd (d) fnYyh dk bfrgkl egkHkkjr dky ls 'kq: gksrk gSA

([k) ikaMoksa us viuh jkt/kuh baæizLFk dks cuk;k FkkA

(x) baæizLFk ls tqMs+ lk{; uhyh Nrjh vkSj fuxecks/ {ks=kksa esa feyrs gSaA

(?k) gqek;w¡ us vius 'kgj dk uke nhu iukg j[kkA

(Ä) eqxyksa dk 'kklu vaxzs”kksa osQ vkus ij [kRe gqvkA

fyf[kr 1- (d) (ii) ?kksMs+ ls fxjdj ([k) (i) lksuk (x) (iii) 1320 bZú esa (?k) (ii) ;equk fdukjs (Ä) (i) ckcj us

2- (d) eksgEen xkSjh osQ csVs 'kgkcqn~nhu us xn~nh l¡Hkkyus osQ ckn vius Hkjkslsean lsukifr oqQrqcqn~nhu ,scd dks fnYyh dh deku lkSai nh vkSj mlus oqQrqc egjkSyh clkbZA bl izdkj og fnYyh dk lqYrku cu x;kA

([k) vykmn~nhu f[kyth us iQkS”k vkSj ck”kkjksa ij è;ku fn;kA mlus iztk osQ fy, vLirky cuok,A fdys osQ vanj gh iwjk dk iwjk 'kgj clk fn;kA vykmn~nhu us iztk fgr esa vusd dk;Z fd,A

(x) yksfn;ksa us rSewjyax dks fnYyh ls ckgj [knsM+k] D;ksafd mlus fnYyh ij geyk fd;k vkSj rhu fnu rd ywVikV djrk jgkA mlus 'kkunkj 'kgj dks [kaMgj cuk fn;k Fkk] g”kkjksa yksxksa osQ flj dye dj fn, FksA

8

50

(?k) 'kkgtgk¡ us ;equk fdukjs 'kkgtgkukckn clk;k tks fd fnYyh dk lkrok¡ 'kgj FkkA mlus yky fdyk] r[r&,&rkÅl] tkek efL”kn] pk¡nuh pkSd vkSj ehuk ck”kkj Hkh cuok;kA

(Ä) vaxzs”kksa us Hkkjr esa vius iSj ”kekus osQ fy, cgknqj'kkg ”kIkQj dks fxjÝ+ rkj dj fy;kA ”kiQj dks jaxwu ys tkdj mldh e`R;q osQ ckn ogha niQu dj fn;k x;kA vc mUgsa jksdus&Vksdus okyk dksbZ u FkkA bl izdkj vaxzs”kksa us Hkkjr esa vius iSj tek fy,A

(p) ugha] ,slk djuk loZFkk vuqfpr gSA vius iQk;ns osQ fy, fdlh ekuo ;k i'kq dks d"V igq¡pkuk ekuo&ewY;ksa osQ fo#n~/ gSA vius ykHk osQ fy, ekuo gh ekuo dk lcls cM+k nq'eu cu x;k gSA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

(N) nwljksa dh lgk;rk djosQ] fxjrs gq, dks mBkdj] LokFkhZ u cudj] ijekFkZ dk thou thdj ge viuk izHkko Hkh cuk ldrs gSa blls nwljksa dks uqdlku ugha I+kQk;nk gksxkA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- (d) 'kgj (v) xk¡o ([k) iqjkuk (i) u;k (x) ikl (vi) nwj (?k) vf/d (ii) U;wu (Ä) viuk (iv) ijk;k (p) nf{k.k (iii) mRrj

2- (d) mtM+h] clh gS ([k) pyrk jgk (x) cuh (?k) fd;k (Ä) niQuk fn;k x;k

3- (d) u`i ([k) x<+ (x) fu'kk (?k) ru; (Ä) fnok (p) ru;k (N) dkfyanh (t) rV

4- (d) ;qn~/ esa ohj lSfudksa us nq'euksa osQ flj dye dj fn,A ([k) y{ehckbZ us nq'eu lsuk dks >k¡lh ls ckgj [knsM+dj ne fy;kA (x) 'kkgtgk¡ us yky fdys dh uhao j[khA (?k) eq>ls f[kM+dh dk dk¡p VwVk] rks ek¡ vkxccwyk gks xbZA (fon~;kFkhZ viuh #fp osQ okD; Hkh cuk ldrs gSaA)



51

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1



1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) baæizLFk dh uhao ij gqek;w¡ us D;k cuok;k\

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([k) fnYyh dk nwljk 'kgj fdls dgk x;k\

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(x) bYrqrfe'k dkSu Fkk\

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(?k) f[kyth us fdlosQ lSfudksa osQ 'ko nhokj esa pquok fn,\

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(Ä) x;klqn~nhu rqxyd us fdlosQ vkl&ikl 'kgj clk,\

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2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa ls fo'ks"k.k cukb,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) xzke µ --------------------------- ([k) Hkkjr µ ---------------------------

(x) 'kgj µ --------------------------- (?k) bfrgkl µ ---------------------------

(Ä) rhu µ ---------------------------


(d) ;gha ls mUgksaus fnYyh esa izos'k fd;kA

([k) mlus lksuk yqVkrs gq, fnYyh esa izos'k fd;kA (x) og jkt/kuh dks oqQN fnu nkSyrkckn ys x;kA

(?k) mls vf/d nsj rd fVdus ugha fn;kA (Ä) ;g pkSFkk 'kgj FkkA

52

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) Økafr µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) fu;a=k.k µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) jkt/kuh µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) vLirky µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) vaxzs”k µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa dk o.kZ&foPNsn dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) baæizLFk µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) nf{k.k µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) eqgEen µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) fnYyh µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) izos'k µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3- ewy 'kCn o izR;; vyx dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ,sfrgkfld µ --------------------------- $ ---------------------------

([k) vf/dkjh µ --------------------------- $ ---------------------------

(x) 'kgjh µ --------------------------- $ ---------------------------

(?k) fu;af=kr µ --------------------------- $ ---------------------------

(Ä) lkroha µ --------------------------- $ ---------------------------

53

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- ;fn vaxzs”k Hkkjr esa u vk, gksrs] rks fnYyh dk bfrgkl oSQlk gksrk\ fyf[k,A 5

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2- fdlh ,sfrgkfld LFky dh ;k=kk djus ij vki ogk¡ D;k&D;k ns[kuk ilan djsaxs\ 5

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54

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) baæizLFk dh uhao ij gqek;w¡ us iqjkuk fdyk cuok;kA

([k) oqQrqc egjkSyh dks fnYyh dk nwljk 'kgj dgk x;kA

(x) bYrqrfe'k oqQrqcqn~nhu ,scd dk nkekn FkkA

(?k) vykmn~nhu f[kyth us eaxksy lSfudksa osQ flj nhokjksa esa pquok fn,A

(Ä) x;klqn~nhu rqxyd us rqxydkckn vkSj x;klqiqj osQ vkl&ikl 'kgj clk,A

2- (d) xzkeh.k ([k) Hkkjrh; (x) 'kgjh (?k) ,sfrgkfld (Ä) rhljk

3- (d) mUgksaus ([k) mlus (x) og (?k) mls (Ä) ;g

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) vkt Hkh ge 1857 dh Økafr dks Hkqyk ugha ik, gSaA

([k) vè;kid us lHkh Nk=kksa dks fu;a=k.k esa fd;kA

(x) Hkkjr dh jkt/kuh fnYyh gSA

(?k) ljdkjh vLirkyksa dh gkyr vPNh ughaA

(Ä) Hkkjr esa vaxzs”k O;kikj djus vk, FksA (fon~;kFkhZ viuh #fp osQ okD; Hkh cuk ldrs gSaA)

2- (d) b $ u~ $ n~ $ j~ $ v $ i~ $ j~ $ v $ l~ $ Fk~ $ v

([k) n~ $ v $ o~Q $ "k~ $ b $ .k~ $ v

(x) e~ $ m $ g~ $ v $ e~ $ e~ $ v $ n~ $ v

(?k) n~ $ b $ y~ $ y~ $ bZ

(Ä) i~ $ j~ $ v $ o~ $ , $ 'k~ $ v

3- (d) bfrgkl $ bd

([k) vf/dkj $ bZ

(x) 'kgj $ bZ

(?k) fu;a=k.k $ br

(Ä) lkr $ oha

55

Lokeh foosdkuan

lkjka'k

Hkkjrh; laLÑfr dks fo'o Lrj ij xkSjo fnykus okys Lokeh foosdkuan dks dkSu ugha tkurkA mudk ewy dk uke ujsaæ ukFk nRr FkkA ujsaæ viuh lqf'kf{kr o fopkj'khy ekrk dh f'k{kk izkIr dj dc vè;kRe dh vksj eqM+ x;k] dksbZ ugha tkurkA mUgksaus f'kdkxks esa ^fo'o /eZ lEesyu* osQ nkSjku vtufc;ksa dks ^Hkkb;ks* vkSj cguks dgdj lacksf/r fd;k] rks gkWy rkfy;ksa dh xM+xM+kgV ls xw¡t mBkA muosQ vkn'kZ] mudh Hkk"kk us lHkh dks izHkkfor fd;kA foosdkuan us Lo;a osQ fy, ugha] ekuork dks mPp Lrj ij igq¡pkus osQ fy, tUe fy;k FkkA mUgksaus bl dk;Z dh lgk;rk gsrq jkeÑ".k ijegal th dks viuk xq# cuk;kA xq# osQ fopkjksa ij pydj lekt lq/kj osQ vusd dk;Z fd,A

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd (d) Hkkjrh; laLÑfr dks fo'o Lrj ij igpku Lokeh foosdkuan us fnyokbZA ([k) ujsaæ osQ firk mUgsa ik'pkR; lH;rk osQ jax esa j¡xuk pkgrs FksA (x) ujsaæ dk mPp pfj=k mudh lqf'kf{kr vkSj fopkj'khy ekrk dh f'k{kk dk gh ifj.kke FkkA (?k) Lokeh th fo'o /eZ lEesyu esa Hkkx ysus f'kdkxks x, FksA (Ä) ujsaæ dks cpiu esa ^egkHkkjr* vkSj ^jkek;.k* dh dgkfu;k¡ lquuk vPNk yxrk FkkA

fyf[kr 1- (d) (iii) ijekRek dks ([k) (i) f'kdkxks esa (x) (ii) jkeÑ".k ijegal dks (?k) (iv) djry èofu ls (Ä) (i) /uoku

2- (d) Lokeh th dk ^cguks vkSj Hkkb;ks* dgdj lacksf/r djuk gh Jksrkvksa dks ea=keqX/ dj x;kA mUgksaus Lokeh th dk djry èofu ls Lokxr fd;k vkSj ea=keqX/ gksdj mUgsa lqurs jgsA

([k) Lokeh th osQ ikl vk, O;fDr osQ nq[k dk dkj.k ;g Fkk fd esgurh gksrs gq, Hkh mls dke;kch ugha feyh FkhA og /uoku cuuk pkgrk FkkA

(x) ?kj vk, O;fDr dh ijs'kkuh le> Lokeh th us mls vius ikyrw oqQRrs dks ?kqekdj ykus dks dgkA

(?k) ml O;fDr osQ okil vkus ij Lokeh th us ns[kk fd ml O;fDr dk psgjk ped jgk Fkk] tcfd oqQRrk gk¡iQ jgk Fkk vkSj Fkdk gqvk Hkh yx jgk FkkA

9

56

(Ä) ge ges'kk nwljksa dks vf/d egRRo nsrs gSaA og MkWú cu ldrk gS] rks eSa D;ksa ughaA og vf/d iSls dek jgk gS] rks eSa D;ksa ugha dek ik jgkA gesa nwljksa dks ugha] Lo;a dh ;ksX;rk dks ns[kuk pkfg,A

(p) thou esa lq[kh jgus osQ fy, gesa u rks nwljksa ls viuh rqyuk djuh pkfg, vkSj u gh fdlh ls bZ";kZ j[kuh pkfg,A gesa viuh eaf”ky dk fuekZ.k Lo;a dj] mls ikus dk iz;Ru djuk pkfg,A (fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a osQ fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

(N) gesa vius nq[kksa osQ lkFk&lkFk nwljksa osQ nq[kksa dks Hkh nwj djus dk iz;kl djuk pkfg,A ge lkekftd izk.kh gSaA lekt esa jgdj ,d&nwljs dh lgk;rk djuk gekjk drZO; Hkh gSA ns'k vkSj lekt Hkh rHkh mUufr djrs gSa] tc lHkh feytqy dj jgsaA blh ls [kq'kgkyh vkrh gSA (fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a osQ fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- (d) ekrk,¡ ([k) Jksrkx.k (x) dFkk,¡ (?k) frjaxs (Ä) eaf”kysa (p) laLÑfr;k¡

2- (d) fnu $ bd ([k) dke;kc $ bZ (x) Hkkjr $ bZ; (?k) lacks/u $ br (Ä) cPpk $ iu (p) /u $ bZ (N) ns'kHkDr $ bZ

3- (d) budk (fu'p;okpd) ([k) mudh (iq#"kokpd) (x) eSa (iq#"kokpd)] vius (futokpd) (?k) dgk¡ (iz'uokpd) (Ä) rqEgkjs] rqeus (iq#"kokpd)] Lo;a (futokpd) (p) Lo;a (futokpd)

4- (d) e~ $ v $ g~ $ vk $ i~ $ m $ j~ $ m $ "k~ $ v ([k) u~ $ v $ j~ $ , $ u~ $ n~ $ j~ $ v (x) l~ $ va $ l~ $ o~Q $ Í $ r~ $ b (?k) i~ $ j~ $ v $ ;~ $ vks $ t~ $ v $ u~ $ v (Ä) j~ $ vk $ e~ $ v $ o~Q $ Í $ "k~ $ .k~ $ v (p) 'k~ $ j~ $ vks $ r~ $ vk



57

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1



1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) Lokeh foosdkuan dk tUe dc gqvk Fkk\

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([k) foosdkuan dk cpiu dk uke D;k Fkk\

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(x) Lokeh th us Hkkjrh; laLÑfr dks dgk¡ rd igq¡pk;k\

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(?k) f'kdkxks esa cksyus dk volj Lokeh th dks oSQls feyk\

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(Ä) Lokeh th osQ fy, dksbZ nks fo'ks"k.k fyf[k,A

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2- fyax cnfy,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) Lokeh µ --------------------------- ([k) ys[kd µ ---------------------------

(x) xq# µ --------------------------- (?k) oDrk µ ---------------------------

(Ä) iq#"k µ ---------------------------

3- mfpr LFkku ij ^j* dk iz;ksx dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) laLdfr µ --------------------------- ([k) /e µ ---------------------------

(x) vkJe µ --------------------------- (?k) loksifj µ ---------------------------

(Ä) nf"V µ ---------------------------

58

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2



1- dkjd fpg~uksa ls okD; iw.kZ dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ujsaæ ----------------------- ijekRek ----------------------- ikus ----------------------- pkg FkhA

([k) Lokeh th ----------------------- ^cguks vkSj Hkkb;ks* dgdj lacksf/r fd;kA

(x) Lokeh th ml O;fDr ----------------------- ijs'kkuh le> x,A

(?k) Lokeh th ----------------------- vkJe ----------------------- ,d O;fDr vk;kA

(Ä) Lokeh th ----------------------- eqLoQjkdj mRrj fn;kA

2- okD; cukb,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ijekRek µ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) lEesyu µ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) Hkkjrh; µ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) Jksrk µ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) ea=keqX/ µ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3- milxZ vyx djosQ fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) lqf'kf{kr µ --------------------------- ([k) fopkj µ ---------------------------

(x) izfrfuf/ µ --------------------------- (?k) foHkwfr µ ---------------------------

(Ä) iz;Ru µ ---------------------------

59

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- vkiosQ thou dk y{; D;k gS\ vki D;k cuuk pkgrs gSa\ fyf[k,A 5

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2- ^ekuo lsok gh lPph bZ'oj lsok gS* Li"V dhft,A 5

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60

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) Lokeh foosdkuan dk tUe 12 tuojh] 1863 dks gqvk FkkA

([k) foosdkuan dk cpiu dk uke ujsaæ ukFk FkkA

(x) Lokeh th us Hkkjrh; laLÑfr dks fo'o Lrj rd igq¡pk;kA

(?k) f'kdkxks esa cksyus dk volj Lokeh th dks ,d izksI+ksQlj osQ iz;kl ls feykA

(Ä) ftKklq] l'kDr oDrkA

2- (d) Lokfeuh ([k) ysf[kdk (x) xq#vkbu (?k) oD=kh (Ä) L=kh

3- (d) laLÑfr ([k) /eZ (x) vkJe (?k) loksZifj (Ä) n`f"V

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) esa] dks] dh ([k) us (x) dh (?k) osQ] esa (Ä) us

2- (d) ijekRek loZO;kih gS] mlls oqQN Hkh fNik ugha gSA

([k) Lokeh th f'kdkxks lEesyu esa Hkkx ysus x, FksA

(x) ladV osQ le; Hkkjrh; ,d gks tkrs gSaA

(?k) e/qj xhr lqudj Jksrk ”kksj&”kksj ls rkfy;k¡ ctkus yxsA

(Ä) mudh ckrsa lqu] eSa ea=keqX/ gq, fcuk u jg ldkA

(fon~;kFkhZ viuh #fp osQ okD; Hkh cuk ldrs gSaA)

3- (d) lq ([k) fo (x) izfr (?k) fo (Ä) iz

61

vkradokn

lkjka'k

vkradokn ekuork ij dyad gSA bldk dksbZ nhu&/eZ ugha gksrkA vkradh osQoy nwljksa dks ekjdj ân; ls [kq'k gksrk gSA ?kjksa osQ fpjkx cq> tkrs gSa] cguksa osQ HkkbZ] NksVs&NksVs cPps] lHkh bl vkradokn dk f'kdkj curs gSaA 'kgj] jkT;] ns'k dh lhekvksa dks rksM+ vkt vkradokn iwjs lalkj esa pkjksa vksj vius ik¡o tek, cSBk gSA vkt fo'o esa lHkh dks feydj blosQ f[kykI+kQ vkok”k mBkuh pkfg, vkSj bls [kRe djus esa ,d&nwljs dks lg;ksx djuk pkfg,A izLrqr dfork esa Hkh vkradokn osQ blh ?k`f.kr :i dks O;Dr fd;k x;k gSA ns'k dh turk lSfudksa ls bl vkradokn dks lekIr djus dh fourh dj jgh gSA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd (d) vkt /jrh vkradokn osQ dkj.k ygwyqgku gks jgh gSA

([k) lekt esa tkfrokn vkSj vkradokn tSlh leL;k,¡ iSQy jgh gSaA

(x) jksrs&fcy[krs yksxksa dh vk¡[ksa fryfeyk jgh gSaA

(?k) fnYyh] eqacbZ vkSj t;iqj vkfn jkT;ksa osQ gkykr cn ls cnrj gks jgs gSaA

fyf[kr 1- (d) (iv) /jrh dks ([k) (i) csVk (x) (ii) gSoku (?k) (iii) tokuksa dks

2- (d) vkradokn osQ iSQyus ls ?kjksa osQ fpjkx cq> jgs gSa] tkfrokn iSQy jgk gS rFkk yksx gSoku cudj ,d&nwljs dks ekj jgs gSaA

([k) izR;sd ekuo lekt ls iwN jgk gS fd vkradoknh yksxksa dks D;ksa ekjrs gSa\ yksx viuksa osQ fy, gh gSoku D;ksa cu x, gSa\ ;g flyflyk dc [kRe gksxk\

(x) ns'k esa dbZ jkT;ksa osQ gkykr cn ls cnrj gks x, gSaA gj rjI+kQ tkfrokn vkSj vkradokn dk cksyckyk gSA pkjksa rjI+kQ jksrs&fcy[krs cPpksa dh vkok”ksa lqukbZ ns jgh gSaA

(?k) dfo ns'k osQ tokuksa ls vkradokn dks [kRe djus dh izkFkZuk dj jgk gSA

(Ä) dfo ;g le>kus dk iz;Ru dj jgk gS fd bl vkradokn :ih jk{kl ls feydj gh yM+k tk ldrk gSA ge tkfr&Hksn osQ dkj.k vkil esa u >xMsa+A blh dk iQk;nk mBkdj oqQN

10

62

rkdroj yksx gesa vius paxqy esa i¡Qlkdj gekjh cqn~f/ Hkz"V dj nsrs gSaA bl nkuo dk lkeuk ns'k osQ tokuksa osQ lkFk ge lHkh dks feydj djuk pkfg,A


(p) vkradokn o vU; leL;kvksa dks nwj djus osQ fy, lcls ”k:jh gS fd Hkkjr osQ lHkh yksx vkil esa fey&tqydj jgsaA Hkk"kk] tkfr] m¡Qp&uhp osQ HksnHkkoksa dks nwj djsaA [kku&iku] igukos] /eZ osQ uke ij ,d&nwljs ls u >xMs+A Hkkjr dh ,drk vkSj v[kaMrk dks cuk, j[kus osQ fy, Hkh ;g ”k:jh gSA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

O;kdj.k dh ckr 1- (d) olq/k] /jk ([k) jDr] [kwu (x) ekuo] euq"; (?k) jk"Vª] oru (Ä) ihM+k] d"V (p) fourh] izkFkZuk

2- (d) vkradokn ([k) nnZ (x) fnYyh (?k) iQfj;knh (Ä) gSoku (p) balkI+kQ

3- (d) vkradoknh ([k) Hkkjroklh (x) lSfud (?k) iQfj;knh (Ä) csxkuk

4- (d) ukbalkI+kQh ([k) 'kq: (x) nkuo (?k) tyuk (Ä) [kqyk (p) viuk



63

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1



1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) vkradokn us fdls phj fn;k\

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([k) vkradokn osQ dkj.k /jrh dh D;k fLFkfr gS\

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(x) fdldh ph[ksa lqukbZ ns jgh gSa\

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(?k) fryfeykrh vk¡[ksa fdu yksxksa dh gSa\

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(Ä) gj bulku D;k iwN jgk gS\

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2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa esa mfpr LFkku ij ek=kk yxkb,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) tkrokn µ --------------------- ([k) t;ij µ ---------------------

(x) cpu µ --------------------- (?k) iQj;kn µ ---------------------

(Ä) ygygku µ ---------------------


(d) vkradokn µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) ygwyqgku µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) gSoku µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) fookn µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) ?kk;y µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

64

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2



1- mfpr 'kCnksa ls fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) vkradokn us vusd ?kjksa osQ ----------------------------- cq>k fn,A ([k) jksrs&----------------------------- yksxksa dh cspSu vk¡[ksa iwN jgh gSaA

(x) ns'k osQ -----------------------------] gekjh ;g ----------------------------- lquksA (?k) ;g /jrh vkradokn ls ----------------------------- gks xbZA

(Ä) vc dkSu ----------------------------- fnyk,xk\

2- okD;ka'k osQ fy, ,d 'kCn fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) j{kk djus okyk µ ---------------------

([k) t;iqj esa jgus okyk µ ---------------------

(x) ftls pksV yxh gks µ ---------------------

(?k) >xM+k djus okyk µ ---------------------

(Ä) vkrad iSQykus okyk µ ---------------------

3- 'kCnksa dk mfpr feyku dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ygwyqgku (i) nnZ Hkjh ph[ksa

([k) csxkus (ii) fookn

(x) ?kk;y yksxksa dh (iii) lquks iQfj;kn

(?k) [kRe djrs (iv) yksx

(Ä) ns'k osQ tokuks (v) /jrh

65

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- ^vkradokn dk dksbZ ek¡&cki] nhu&/eZ ugha gksrk* Li"V dhft,A 5

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2- fdlh O;fDr ij vkradoknh gksus dk lansg gksus ij vki D;k djsaxs\ 5

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66

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) vkradokn us 'kgj dh Nkrh dks phj fn;kA

([k) vkradokn us /jrh dks ygwyqgku dj fn;k gSA

(x) ?kk;y yksxksa dh nnZ Hkjh ph[ksa lqukbZ ns jgh gSaA

(?k) fryfeykrh vk¡[ksa jksrs&fcy[krs yksxksa dh gSaA

(Ä) gj bulku iwN jgk gS fd ;g vkradokn dc [kRe gksxkA

2- (d) tkfrokn ([k) t;iqj (x) cspSu (?k) iQfj;kn (Ä) ygwyqgku

3- (d) vkt vkradokn iwjs fo'o esa iSQy pqdk gSA

([k) ;qn~/ esa ?kk;y lSfud ygwyqgku gksdj /jrh ij iMs+ gSaA

(x) vkt ekuo gh gSoku cu x;k gSA

(?k) eSaus okn&fookn izfr;ksfxrk esa izFke iqjLdkj izkIr fd;kA

(Ä) ?kk;y yksxksa dh ph[ksa lqukbZ ns jgh gSaA (fon~;kFkhZ viuh #fp osQ okD; Hkh cuk ldrs gSaA)

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2

1- (d) fpjkx ([k) fcy[krs (x) tokuksa] iQfj;kn (?k) ygqywgku (Ä) balkI+kQ

2- (d) j{kd ([k) t;iqjh (x) ?kk;y (?k) >xM+kyw (Ä) vkradoknh

3- (d) (v) ([k) (iv) (x) (i) (?k) (ii) (Ä) (iii)

67

ea=k

lkjka'k

^ea=k* dgkuh mtkxj djrh gS fd ekuork gh lcls cM+k /eZ gSA cgqr ls MkWú pM~<k tSls yksx gSa] tks xjhcksa dks oqQN ugha le>rsA muosQ fy, Lo;a osQ vykok dksbZ egRRoiw.kZ ugha gksrkA nwljh rjI+kQ xjhc Hkxr tSls yksx gSa] tks balkfu;r dh ijkd"Bk dks Nw tkrs gSaA Hkxr osQ chekj csVs dh MkWú pM~<k tk¡p ugha djrk] ifj.kkeLo:i mldh ekSr gks tkrh gSA tc MkWú pM~<k osQ csVs dks lk¡i dkVrk gS] rks Hkxr cnyk ysus dh vis{kk vius ea=kksa dh 'kfDr ls mls cpk ysrk gSA og ?k`.kk dk cnyk ?k`.kk ls ugha] izse ls pqdkrk gSA ;g dgkuh ijksidkj dh iszj.kk nsrh gSA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrjekSf[kd (d) MkWú pM~<k osQ ikl ,d cw<+k vkneh vius chekj csVs dks ysdj vk;k FkkA

([k) cw<s+ osQ iq=k cgqr chekj FksA mlus pkj fnu ls vk¡[ksa ugha [kksyh FkhaA

(x) e`.kkfyuh oSQyk'k dh lgikBh FkhA og MkWú pM~<k osQ ?kj oSQyk'k osQ tUefnu dh ikVhZ esa vkbZ FkhA

(?k) cw<s+ dk tUe ;'k dh o"kkZ djus osQ fy, gqvk FkkA

(Ä) cw<s+ O;fDr us fxM+fxM+kdj MkWú pM~<k ls vius chekj csVs dks ,d ckj ns[kus osQ fy, dgkA

fyf[kr

1- (d) (i) xksYiQ ([k) (iii) ik¡p (x) (ii) lqcg gksuk (?k) (i) gjsd dh lgk;rk djus dh (Ä) (i) vius vijk/ osQ fy,

2- (d) iqjkus yksx yxh gqbZ vkx cq>kus] fdlh osQ ?kj 'kknh&C;kg esa gkFk c¡Vkus] fdlh osQ NIij dks mBkus vkSj fdlh dyg dks 'kkar djus dks lnSo rS;kj jgrs FksA

([k) oSQyk'k dks lk¡iksa dks ikyus vkSj mudh vknrksa dk vè;;u djus dk 'kkSd FkkA mlus ;g fon~;k ,d lisjs ls lh[kh FkhA mls lk¡iksa osQ dkVus ij bykt osQ fy, tM+h&cwfV;k¡ tek djus dk 'kkSd FkkA

(x) lk¡i osQ dkVus ij oSQyk'k us vius firk dh ckr ugha ekuh] D;ksafd MkWú pM~<k us oSQyk'k dks m¡xyh dkVus dh lykg nh Fkh] ftlls ”kgj ugha iSQyrk] ysfdu oSQyk'k viuh tM+h&cwVh

11

68

ij iwjk fo'okl FkkA ifj.kker% oSQyk'k osQ gksaB uhys iM+us 'kq: gks x, vkSj og vpsr gks x;kA

(?k) Hkxr dks vius ejs gq, csVs dh ;kn vkbZ fd mlosQ tkus osQ ckn mldh Lo;a dh fLFkfr D;k gks xbZ FkhA lkFk gh è;ku vk;k fd ogh fLFkfr MkWú pM~<k dh Hkh gks tk,xh] ;gh lkspdj cw<+k rs”k dneksa ls pyus yxkA

(Ä) Hkxr fu%LokFkhZ gSA og ges'kk nwljksa dk Hkyk gh lksprk gSA og cnyk ysus esa fo'okl ugha j[krk FkkA mls /u vkSj ;'k dk ykyp Hkh ugha FkkA

(p) bl dgkuh ls gesa ;g f'k{kk feyrh gS fd gesa LokFkZ ls Åij mBdj nwljksa dh lgk;rk osQ fy, lnSo rRij jguk pkfg,A ?k`.kk dk cnyk ?k`.kk ls ugha] izse ls pqdkuk pkfg,A (fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a osQ fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

(N) euq"; lkekftd izk.kh gSA lekt esa jgdj mls nwljksa dh [kq'kh vkSj xe dk Hkkxhnkj cuuk gh iM+rk gSA tc ge eu ls m¡Qp&uhp] NksVs&cMs+] vehj&xjhc dk Hksn gVkdj lksprs gSa rks nwljksa osQ nq[kksa dks nwj djus esa dke;kc gksrs gSaA lnk nwljksa dh lgk;rk dks rRij jgus ls ge muosQ nq[kksa dks nwj dj ldrs gSaA (fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a osQ fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

3- (d) MkWú pM~<k us cw<s+ vkneh ls

([k) cw<+s vkneh us MkWú pM~<k ls

(x) oSQyk'k us e`.kkfyuh ls

(?k) e`.kkfyuh us oSQyk'k ls

(Ä) oSQyk'k us vius fe=kksa ls

4- (d) Mksyh ([k) ixM+h (x) lgikBh (?k) u”knhd (Ä) dBksj

O;kdj.k dh ckr 1- (d) taxy esa osQoy Hkk¡;&Hkk¡; lqukbZ ns jgh FkhA

([k) ufn;k¡ dy&dy dh èofu djrh cgrh gSaA

(x) og ykBh ls [kV&[kV djrk pyk tk jgk FkkA

(?k) lHkh esgeku ,d&,d djosQ pys x,A


2- (d) vk¡[ksa ([k) ?kfM+;k¡ (x) ewfrZ;k¡ (?k) cw<s+

(Ä) cPps (p) lisjs (N) m¡xfy;k¡ (t) c¡xys

69

3- (d) vkS"k/ $ vky; ([k) lw;Z $ vLr (x) jkt $ baæ (?k) egk $ mn; (Ä) n'k $ vkuu (p) okrkZ $ vkyki

4- (d) MkWú pM~<k cPps dks ns[ks fcuk eq¡g isQjdj pys x,A

([k) cw<s+ dk cPpk fcuk bykt osQ lalkj ls py clkA

(x) vktdy NksVs cPps Hkh ckrksa esa cMs+&cM+ksa osQ dku dkVrs gSA

(?k) nq?kZVuk dh [kcj lqu ek¡ dk dystk /o~Q&/o~Q djus yxkA




70

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1



1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) MkWú pM~<k us cw<s+ ls D;k dgk\

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([k) cw<+k ?kqVus Vsddj D;k cksyk\

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(x) MkWú pM~<k eksVj dh rjI+kQ c<+rs gq, eu esa D;k cksy jgs Fks\

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(?k) e`.kkfyuh us oSQyk'k ls lk¡iksa osQ fo"k; esa D;k dgk\

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(Ä) oSQyk'k lk¡i osQ nk¡r fn[kkrs gq, D;k cksyk\

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2- rn~Hko 'kCnksa osQ rRle :i fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) lk¡i µ --------------------- ([k) eq¡g µ ---------------------

(x) njok”kk µ --------------------- (?k) nl µ ---------------------

(Ä) xk¡o µ ---------------------

3- fo'ks";ksa osQ fy, mfpr fo'ks"k.k fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5 fo'ks"k.k fo'ks";

(d) --------------------- O;fDr

([k) --------------------- yM+dk

(x) --------------------- lk¡i

(?k) --------------------- xjnu

(Ä) --------------------- e`.kkfyuh

71

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2



1- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa esa mfpr LFkku ij vuqLokj vuqukfld yxkb,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) lki µ --------------------- ([k) eqg µ ---------------------

(x) d/k µ --------------------- (?k) llkj µ ---------------------

(Ä) nkr µ ---------------------

2- mfpr 'kCn ls fjDr LFkku Hkfj,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) thou dh va¡/sjh jkr --------------------- djus yxhA (Hkk¡;&Hkk¡;@Nk¡;&Nk¡;)

([k) lk¡iksa dh tM+h&cwfV;k¡ tek djus dk --------------------- FkkA (xjt@ej”k)

(x) esjs ikl blls --------------------- lk¡i ugha gSA (”kgjhyk@iFkjhyk)

(?k) es”k dh --------------------- esa tM+h j[kh FkhA (njkt@xSjkt)

(Ä) oSQyk'k --------------------- gks x;kA (lpsr@vpsr)

3- fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa osQ lkeus lgh ;k xyr fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) MkWú pM~<+k osQ csVs dh 'kknh FkhA

([k) cw<+k gj rjI+kQ ls fujk'k gksdj vk;k FkkA

(x) e`.kkfyuh us oSQyk'k dks lk¡i fn[kkus dks dgkA

(?k) MkWú lkgc dks tM+h&cwfV;ksa ij fo'okl FkkA

(Ä) dgkjksa us ikuh Hkj&Hkjdj oSQyk'k osQ Åij Mkyuk 'kq: fd;kA

72

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- MkWú dk izFke drZO; D;k gksuk pkfg,\ MkWú pM~<k osQ pfj=k vkSj cw<s+ O;fDr osQ pfj=k dh rqyuk dhft,A 5

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2- vxj cw<+k O;fDr Hkh MkWú pM~<k tSlk O;ogkj djrk] rks D;k gksrk\ viuh dYiuk ls fyf[k,A 5

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73

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) MkWú pM~<k us cw<s+ ls dgk] ¶dy losjs vkuk] ge bl oDr ejh”kksa dks ugha ns[krsA¸

([k) cw<+k ?kqVus Vsddj cksyk] ¶nqgkbZ gS ljdkj dh] yM+dk ej tk,xkA blus gq”kwj] pkj fnu ls vk¡[ksa ugha------A¸

(x) MkWú pM~<k eksVj dh rjI+kQ c<+rs gq, eu esa cksy jgs Fks] ¶,sls mtM~M nsgkrh ;gk¡ jks”k vk;k djrs gSaA dksbZ oqQN Hkh dgs] os viuh jV yxkrs jgsaxsA fdlh dh lqusaxs ughaA¸

(?k) e`.kkfyuh us oSQyk'k ls mls mlosQ lk¡i fn[kkus dks dgkA

(Ä) oSQyk'k lk¡i osQ nk¡r fn[kkrs gq, cksyk fd ftu yksxksa dks 'kd gks] u”knhd vkdj lk¡i osQ nk¡r ns[k ysA

2- (d) liZ ([k) eq[k (x) n~okj (?k) n'k (Ä) xzke

3- (d) cw<+k ([k) de”kksj (x) ”kgjhyk (?k) yach (Ä) lqanj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) lk¡i ([k) eq¡g (x) da/k (?k) lalkj (Ä) nk¡r

2- (d) Hkk¡;&Hkk¡; ([k) ej”k (x) ”kgjhyk (?k) njk”k (Ä) vpsr

3- (d) ([k) (x) (?k) (Ä)

74

fI +kQYe flVh dh lSj

lkjka'k

fI+kQYe flVh dh lSj dkSu ugha djuk pkgrkA vius pgsrs flrkjksa dh >yd ns[kus dks yksx oqQN Hkh djus dks rS;kj jgrs gSaA fI+kQYe flVh dh lSj djkus okyh i;ZVdksa dh cl xksjsxk¡o osQ mu lHkh iM+koksa dks ikj djrh gS] tgk¡ vyx&vyx fiDpjksa dh 'kwfVax gks jgh gksrh gSA oqQNsd osQ uke rks liQy fI+kQYeksa osQ uke ij gh j[ks x, gSaA vk'p;Zpfdr dj nsus okyh ckr ;g gS fd ge lksprs gSa fd dgha ckgj dk n`'; fn[kk;k x;k gS] rks mls ckgj gh fI+kQYek;k gksxk] tcfd bl 520 ,d=k esa iSQys fI+kQYe flVh esa oSls gh lSV yxkdj mUgsa fI+kQYek;k tkrk gSA fI+kQYe flVh dk lI+kQj lpeqp e”ksnkj vkSj gSjku djus okyk gSA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrjekSf[kd (d) cl esa cM+h&cM+h f[kM+fd;k¡ ckgj dk u”kkjk ns[kus osQ fy, cukbZ xbZ FkhaA

([k) cl esa cSBrs gh i;ZVdksa dks igpku&i=k fn;k x;kA

(x) cl esa Vhúohú ij fI+kQYe flVh dk bfrgkl vkSj Hkwxksy fn[kk;k x;kA

(?k) lcls igyh fI+kQYe dk uke ^cjlkr dh ,d jkr* FkkA

(Ä) lkb± eSnku esa ^lkb± ckck* fI+kQYe dh 'kwfVax gqbZ FkhA

fyf[kr 1- (d) (ii) xje ([k) (iii) v{k; oqQekj dh (x) (i) lsalj cksMZ ls (?k) (iv) xksok dk (Ä) (i) egkHkkjr

2- (d) cl esa cSBrs gh xkbM us crk;k fd fI+kQYe flVh dk ,fj;k 520 ,dM+ rd iSQyk gS] tks xksjsxk¡o ls 'kq: gks tkrk gSA blesa ml xk¡o o 'kgj dk lSV cuk;k tkrk gS] ftlesa 'kwfVax djuh gksrh gSA lcls igyh fI+kQYe ^cjlkr dh ,d jkr* dh 'kwfVax Hkh ;gha gqbZ FkhA

([k) i;ZVdksa dks fI+kQYeksa osQ lsVksa osQ ckjs esa xkbM us crk;k fd lHkh lsV ^IykLVj vkWI+kQ isfjl* ls cuk, tkrs gSa vkSj mUgsa jaxksa ls ltk;k tkrk gS] tks bUgsa ,dne vlyh tSlk fn[kkus esa enn djrs gSaA

(x) ^mM+ku* lhfj;y dh pdksj 'kwfVax osQ fy, rS;kj gks jgh FkhA mlus n'kZdksa dh rjI+kQ gkFk fgyk;k] rks n'kZdksa us Hkh gkFk fgykdj mldk Lokxr fd;kA

12

75

(?k) Vadh fn[kkbZ nsus ij xkbM us crk;k fd ;g ogh Vadh gS] ftl ij p<+dj /es±æ us ^'kksys* fI+kQYe esa vkRegR;k djus okyk n`'; fd;k FkkA Vadh NksVh Fkh] ij xkbM us crk;k fd lkjh djkekr oSQejs dh gksrh gS] ftlls fI+kQYe esa ph”ksa cM+h fn[kkbZ nsrh gSaA

(Ä) ^eqDrk vkVZ fcfYMax* esa cSad] vLirky vkSj gksVy cus gq, gSaA ^;s fj'rk D;k dgykrk gS* dk lsV Hkh ;gha cuk gqvk gS] tcfd n'kZd lksprs gSa fd lhfj;y mn;iqj esa fI+kQYek;k tk jgk gSA

O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- (d) vle; ([k) vanj (x) Nk¡o (?k) ihNs (Ä) uhpk (p) udyh (N) tksM+uk (t) cM+h

2- (d) dks] ij ([k) esa] ij (x) dk (?k) us] ls (Ä) osQ] ls] dh

3- (d) psgjs ([k) vkok”ksa (x) Vafd;k¡ (?k) f[kM+fd;k¡ (Ä) fgLls

4- (d) isM+] taxy ([k) cl] eafnj (x) ,fj;k] xksjsxk¡o (?k) 'kgj] xk¡o] lsV (Ä) fI+kQYe] lkb± ckck] 'kwfVax

O;fDrRo fu[kkj




76

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1



1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) ^IykLVj vkWiQ isfjl* osQ lsV dks lqanj o vlyh fn[kkus osQ fy, fdl fVªd dk bLrseky

djrs gSa\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) ^tksdj* eSnku esa fdl ghjksa dh fiDpj dh 'kwfVax gqbZ Fkh\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) izksM~;wlj 'kwfVax [kRe gksus osQ i'pkr lsV dk D;k djrk gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) ^vcwpk xk¡o* esa fdl izksM~;wlj us 'kwfVax dh Fkh\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) cSad] vLirky vkSj gksVy dgk¡ cuk, x, gSa\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


(d) ftlls fI+kQYe esa vkidks ph”ksa cM+h fn[kkbZ nsrh gSaA ---------------------------------------------

([k) gekjh cl LVwfM;ks lkr dh vksj pyhA ---------------------------------------------

(x) ge ns[kdj gSjku Fks fd Vadh NksVh&lh gSA ---------------------------------------------

(?k) ewfrZ;k¡ cny&cnydj gj dksbZ bldk iz;ksx djrk gSA ---------------------------------------------

(Ä) tc cl ogk¡ vkbZ] rc xkbM us crk;kA ---------------------------------------------

3- mfpr LFkku ij vuqLokj yxkb,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) fgnh µ --------------------------- ([k) lHko µ ---------------------------

(x) efnj µ --------------------------- (?k) xrO; µ ---------------------------

(Ä) lns'k µ ---------------------------

77

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2



1- o.kZ&foPNsn dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) iSosQV µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) i=k µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) Hkwxksy µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) v{k; µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) taxy µ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa dks deZokP; esa cnfy,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ge fdUgha dkj.kksa ls mls ns[k ugha ik,A

([k) ge lcus Hkh gkFk fgykdj mldk tokc fn;kA

(x) xkbM us gesa isM+ vkSj taxy fn[kk;kA

(?k) geus [kaMkyk fczt ns[kkA

(Ä) xkbM fganh esa gh cksyrs gSaA

3- mfpr 'kCn ls fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) gekjh cl ml --------------------- py nhA (vkSj] vksj)

([k) mls ^fn'kk lwpd ;a=k* osQ --------------------- iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA (leku] lkeku)

(x) ogk¡ gesa [kkus&ihus dk --------------------- fey tkrk gSA (lkeku] lEeku)

(?k) Vwj lekIr gksus ij cl --------------------- fudyrh gSA (ckgj] cgkj)

(Ä) xkbM us gekjh ckr dk --------------------- fn;kA (mRrj] mrj)

78

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- vkidks Vhúohú dk dkSu&lk lhfj;y vPNk yxrk gS vkSj D;ksa\ 5

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2- ^pyfp=k lekt dk vkbZuk gSa* fo"k; ij vius fopkj fyf[k,A 5

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79

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) ÎykLVj vkWI+kQ isfjl* osQ lsV dks lqanj o vlyh fn[kkus osQ fy, fofHkUu jaxksa ls ltkdj

vlyh tSlk fn[kkrs gSaA ckdh oSQejk viuh fVªd fn[kkrk gSA

([k) ^tksdj* eSnku esa v{k; oqQekj dh ^tksdj* fI+kQYe dh 'kwfVax gqbZ FkhA

(x) izksM~;wlj 'kwfVax [kRe gksus osQ i'pkr lsV dks u"V dj nsrs gSa] ugha rks mUgsa ”kqekZuk Hkjuk iM+rk gSA

(?k) ^vcwpk xk¡o* esa chúvkjú pksiM+k us êgkHkkjr* lhfj;y dh 'kwfVax dh FkhA

(Ä) cSad] vLirky vkSj gksVy êqDrk vkVZ fcfYMax* esa cuk, x, gSaA

2- (d) vkidks ([k) gekjh (x) ge (?k) dksbZ (Ä) tc&rc

3- (d) fganh ([k) laHko (x) eafnj (?k) xarO; (Ä) lans'k

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) i~ $ ,s $ o~Q $ , $ V~ $ v

([k) i~ $ v $ r~ $ j~ $ v

(x) Hk~ $ Å $ x~ $ vks $ y~ $ v

(?k) v $ o~Q $ "k~ $ v $ ;~ $ v

(Ä) t~ $ va $ x~ $ v $ y~ $ v

2- (d) gekjs n~okjk fdUgha dkj.kksa ls mls ns[kk ugha x;kA ([k) gekjs n~okjk Hkh gkFk fgykdj mldk tokc fn;k x;kA (x) xkbM osQ n~okjk gesa isM+ vkSj taxy fn[kk;k x;kA (?k) gekjs n~okjk [kaMkyk fczt ns[kk x;kA (Ä) xkbM n~okjk fganh esa gh cksyk tkrk gSA

3- (d) vksj ([k) leku (x) lkeku (?k) ckgj ( Ä) mRrj

80

ueZnk dh vkRedFkk

lkjka'k

viuh vkRedFkk osQ ekè;e ls ueZnk unh us ;g crkus dk iz;Ru fd;k gS fd mlus Hkh vius thou esa fdruh eqf'dyksa dks lgu fd;k gSA mlosQ i'pkr ekuo osQ fy, mi;ksxh cu ikbZ] ijarq vkt ekuo bls nwf"kr dj vkus okyh ihf<+;ksa osQ lkFk f[kyokM+ dj jgk gSA ty dh izR;sd cw¡n dherh gS] blfy, euq"; dks bls u"V u djosQ bldh ns[kHkky djuh pkfg,] D;ksafd ufn;k¡ ekuo osQ fy, thounkf;uh gSaA tc rd euq"; ouksa dk fouk'k can ugha djsxk] rc rd izkÑfrd izdksiksa ls cp ugha ldrkA izÑfr dh j{kk gsrq] thoksa dh j{kk gsrq] Lo;a dh j{kk gsrq ekuo dks bls cpkuk gh gksxkA ^ty gS rks dy gS*A lkFk gh bl ikB esa ueZnk unh osQ mn~xe] fLFkfr] bfrgkl] laLÑfr] orZeku fLFkfr vkfn dk ifjp; Hkh fn;k x;k gSA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrjekSf[kd (d) ueZnk osQ LFkku ij vjc lkxj pkj djksM+ o"kZ iwoZ FkkA ([k) ueZnk osQ rVorhZ izns'k gks'kaxkckn esa 20]000 o"kZ iqjkus fp=k feys gSaA (x) xaxk osQ i'pkr ueZnk dk egRRo gSA (?k) vejoaQVd esa ueZnk vkSj lksu ufn;ksa dk mn~xe ikl&ikl gSA (Ä) ueZnk osQ rV ij igys 'kfDr'kkyh vkfne tkfr;k¡ fuokl djrh FkhaA

fyf[kr 1- (d) (i) leqæ ([k) (ii) foaè; (x) (iv) if'pe dh vksj (?k) (ii) eaFkj (Ä) (i) /qvk¡/kj 2- (d) ueZnk us vius tUe osQ fo"k; esa crk;k fd vkt tgk¡ og gS] ogk¡ pkj djksM+ o"kZ iwoZ vjc

lkxj dk ,d fgLlk ygjkrk FkkA mez osQ fglkc ls ueZnk xaxk ls cM+h gS] D;ksafd tc xaxk ugha Fkh] og rc Hkh FkhA

([k) iqjk.k dgrs gSa fd tks iq.; xaxkLuku ls feyrk gS] og ueZnk osQ n'kZu ek=k ls fey tkrk gSA (x) ueZnk us ljy ekxZ NksM+ dfBu ekxZ pqukA dfBukb;ksa esa ls jkLrk fudkyuk mldk LoHkko gks

x;kA u tkus dkSu&lh vts; 'kfDr mls igkM+h <ykuksa] ?kkfV;ksa o ouksa esa fcuk FkosQ nkSM+rs jgus dh izsj.kk nsrh gSA bl izdkj ueZnk dks thou esa dbZ pqukSfr;ksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA

(?k) ueZnk osQ rVorhZ izns'kksa esa oU; vkSj ioZrh; je.kh;rk cgqr de jg xbZ gSA mlosQ ?kus taxyksa dks tM+ ls dkV Mkyk x;kA bu taxyksa esa taxyh tkuojksa dh xjt lqukbZ iM+rh Fkh]

13

81

vc if{k;ksa dk dyjo rd lqukbZ ugha nsrkA ikuh Hkh LoPN ughaA iwQyksa ls lqokflr gok Hkh ugha jghA vc vkneh dk jkt gS] i'kq&if{k;ksa osQ fy, dksbZ LFkku ughaA bl izdkj ;gk¡ vusd ifjorZu fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA

(Ä) euq"; osQ vfoosd osQ dkj.k ikuh fnu&ij&fnu nqyZHk gksrk tk jgk gSA ufn;k¡ lw[k jgh gSaA vk, fnu vdky iM+ jgs gSaA taxy osQ taxy rckg gks jgs gSa] i'kq&if{k;ksa osQ vkJ;&LFkyksa dks mtkM+k tk jgk gSA ;s lHkh leL;k,¡ euq"; osQ vfoosd dk ifj.kke gSaA

(p) ueZnk dh vkRedFkk gesa ;g lans'k nsrh gS fd gesa viuh izÑfr ls I;kj djuk pkfg,A taxyksa dks dkVus ls jksduk pkfg, rFkk viuh ufn;ksa dks lkI+kQ j[kuk pkfg,A ty thou gS] mls vkus okyh larfr osQ fy, cpkdj j[kuk Hkh gekjk drZO; gSA dy&dy cgrh ufn;k¡ vkxs c<+us vkSj fujarj dk;Zjr jgus dk lans'k Hkh nsrh gSaA

(fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA) (N) isM+&ikS/s] taxy] i'kq&i{kh bu lHkh dk laj{k.k djuk Hkh gekjk gh drZO; gSA ekuo l{ke

gSA bu izkÑfrd lalk/uksa osQ fcuk ekuo thou dh dYiuk Hkh ugha dh tk ldrhA bZ'oj us /jrh ij lHkh dks cjkcj dk vf/dkj fn;k gSA bl /jrh ij isM+&ikS/s o tho&tarq lHkh viuh&viuh Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSaA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

O;kdj.k dh ckr 1- (d) ;equk (vi) dkfyanh ([k) vuk;kl (iv) vpkud (x) catj (i) vuqoZj (?k) ve`r (iii) lq/k (Ä) ou (v) dkuu (p) izns'k (ii) {ks=k

2- milxZ ewy'kCn izR;; (d) izk phu rk ([k) Lo Hkko bd (x) lq okl br (?k) v foosd bZ (Ä) le~ eksg br

3- (d) dh ([k) fd (x) fd (?k) dh] dh (Ä) dh



82

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1



1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) ueZnk dk /eZ D;k gS\

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([k) ueZnk osQ LFkku ij djksM+ksa o"kZ iwoZ D;k Fkk\

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(x) ueZnk esa mI+kQku dc vkrk gS\

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(?k) ueZnk osQ mn~xe LFky ij dkSu&ls nks izikr gSa\

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(Ä) ueZnk dk lcls lqanj rhFkZ dkSu&lk gS\

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2- cgqopu fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ?kkVh µ --------------------- ([k) igkM+h µ ---------------------

(x) tkfr µ --------------------- (?k) ukSdk µ ---------------------

(Ä) larku µ ---------------------

3- fuEufyf[kr leLrinksa dk foxzg dj lekt dk uke fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) jkr&fnu µ ------------------------------- ---------------------

([k) [ksr&[kfygku µ ------------------------------- ---------------------

(x) tyok;q µ ------------------------------- ---------------------

(?k) xaxk&;equk µ ------------------------------- ---------------------

(Ä) tM+&psru µ ------------------------------- ---------------------

83

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2



1- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx dj okD; cukb,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) ioZrh; µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) ewlyk/kj µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) /qvk¡/kj izikr µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) izkphu µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) fgeky; µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa dh laf/ dhft,µ 1 × 6 = 6

(d) jke $ vuqt µ -----------------------------------------

([k) ewly $ vk/kj µ -----------------------------------------

(x) vksadkj $ bZ'oj µ -----------------------------------------

(?k) js[kk $ vafdr µ -----------------------------------------

(Ä) fge $ vky; µ -----------------------------------------

(p) lnk $ ,o µ -----------------------------------------

3- okD;ksa osQ dky fyf[k,µ 1 × 4 = 4

(d) os ioZrkjksg.k djsaxsA ------------------------------------------

([k) ueZnk osQ rV cgqr lqanj FksA ------------------------------------------

(x) unh viuh vkRedFkk lquk jgh gSA ------------------------------------------

(?k) mez osQ fglkc ls eSa xaxk ls cM+h gw¡A ------------------------------------------

84

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- ^izÑfr esa ty dh Hkwfedk* fo"k; ij vius fopkj fyf[k,A 5

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2- ^ekuo thou vkSj izÑfr* osQ fo"k; dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, vius fopkj fyf[k,A 5

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85

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) fujarj cguk gh ueZnk dk /eZ gSA

([k) ueZnk osQ LFkku ij djksM+ksa o"kZ iwoZ vjc lkxj dk ,d fgLlk ygjkrk FkkA (x) ueZnk esa mI+kQku ewlyk/kj o"kkZ gksus ij vkrk gSA (?k) ueZnk osQ mn~xe LFky ij nks izikrµdfiy/kjk vkSj nw//kjk gSaA (Ä) vksadkjs'oj ueZnk dk lcls lqanj rhFkZ gSA

2- (d) ?kkfV;k¡ ([k) igkfM+;k¡ (x) tkfr;k¡ (?k) ukSdk,¡ (Ä) larkusa

3- (d) jkr vkSj fnu n~oan~o lekl ([k) [ksr vkSj [kfygku n~oan~o lekl (x) ty vkSj ok;q n~oan~o lekl (?k) xaxk vkSj ;equk n~oan~o lekl (Ä) tM+ vkSj psru n~oan~o lekl

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) ioZrh; izns'kksa osQ vkl&ikl yksx jgrs gSaA

([k) dy fnYyh esa ewlyk/kj o"kkZ gqbZA (x) ^/qvk¡/kj* izikr tcyiqj osQ ikl gSA (?k) Hkkjrh; izkphu dky ls gh Js"B jgs gSaA (Ä) fgeky; Hkkjr dk izgjh gSA (fon~;kFkhZ viuh #fp osQ okD; Hkh cuk ldrs gSaA)

2- (d) jkekuqt ([k) ewlyk/kj (x) vksadkjs'oj (?k) js[kkafdr (Ä) fgeky; (p) lnSo

3- (d) Hkfo";r~ dky ([k) Hkwrdky (x) orZeku dky (?k) orZeku dky

86

egkiq#"k dgykrs os

lkjka'k

tSls izkÑfrd rRo lw;Z] paæek vkfn vius dk;ks± esa fcuk HksnHkko osQ layXu gSa] mlh izdkj gesa Hkh budh Hkk¡fr vPNs dk;Z dj lekt dks jks'kuh iznku djuh pkfg,A lw;Z osQ mxrs gh L;kg dkyk vaèkdkj nwj gks tkrk gSA lHkh vius&vius dk;ks± esa yx tkrs gSaA dfo dk dFku gS fd ekuo bl izdkj ekuork dh felky izLrqr djs fd /jrh osQ lHkh izk.kh [kq'k gks tk,¡A dksbZ nq[kh u jgsA pgq¡ vksj ^olqèkSo oqQVqacde~* dh Hkkouk iSQy tk,A

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd (d) v¡/sjs dk :i dkyk&dkyk FkkA

([k) lwjt viuh izFke fdj.k Hkwfe ij Mkyrk gSA

(x) lwjt fudyrs gh pjokgs i'kq pjkus yxs vkSj eqlkfI+kQj vkus&tkus yxsA

(?k) ge esgur ls dke djosQ vkSj nwljksa dh lgk;rk djosQ rstoar cu ldrs gSaA

(Ä) bl dfork osQ dfo MkWú eksgu voLFkh gSaA

fyf[kr 1- (d) (ii) Mkfy;ksa ij ([k) (i) vkus&tkus yxs (x) (i) dfy;ksa us

(?k) (iv) eksrh (Ä) (iii) lwjt dh

2- (d) lw;Z dh fdj.kksa osQ /jrh ij iM+rs gh dfy;k¡ f[ky mBrh gSa] Mkfy;ksa ij i{kh pgdus yxrs gSa] gfj;kyh ij NkbZ vksl dh cw¡nsa eksrh tSls pedrh gSaA bl izdkj izÑfr viuk :i cnyrh gSA

([k) ^vkyl nwj Hkxkus okys* dfo dh n`f"V esa egkiq#"k dgykus osQ vf/dkjh gSa] D;ksafd bUgha osQ dkj.k lHkh euq"; izsfjr gksdj vius nSfud dk;ks± esa yx tkrs gSa vkSj liQyrk vftZr djrs gSaA

(x) dkyk v¡/sjk nq[kksa] d"Vksa] ihM+k] fujk'kk vkfn dk izrhd ekuk tkrk gSA nq[k vkus ij O;fDr fujk'k gks tkrk gSA fujk'kk osQ dkj.k xyfr;k¡ djrk gS vkSj va/dkj vFkkZr vliQyrk dh vksj c<+us yxrk gSA

14

87

(?k) dfo us izÑfr osQ ekè;e ls le>kus dk iz;Ru fd;k gS fd gj dksbZ vius&vius dk;Z esa yxk gqvk gSA ekuo dks Hkh vPNs dk;ks± n~okjk pkjksa vksj lw;Z tSlk izdk'k iSQykuk pkfg,A nwljksa osQ le{k izsj.kknk;h cuuk vkSj ekuo&fgr osQ dk;Z djus pkfg,A ;gh bl dfork dk lans'k gSA

(Ä) euq"; viuh esgur ls uke dekdj rFkk ges'kk nwljksa dh lgk;rk djosQ egkiq#"k cu ldrk gSA fu%LokFkZ Hkko ls] lw;Z dh Hkk¡fr /jrh ij jks'kuh iSQykdj] ekuork dh j{kk gsrq egku dk;Z djosQ ge egkiq#"k cu ldrs gSaA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

(p) eu esa LokFkZ j[kdj dh xbZ enn fn[kkok gSA u gh egku dgykus osQ fy, lgk;rk djuk mfpr gSA ;g ,d ,slk Hkko gS tks Lo;a gh nwljs dks d"V esa ns[kdj mldh lgk;rk gsrq meM+us&?kqeM+us yxrk gSA euq"; dks ,slk lkspuk pkfg, fd dj rks Lo;a bZ'oj gh jgk gS mls osQoy ekè;e cuk;k x;k gSA ;fn ,sls Hkko eu esa gksaxs rks egkurk vius&vki ihNs&ihNs pysxhA yksx eku&lEeku nsaxsA enj&Vsjslk] xka/h th vius bUgha vPNs dk;ks± dh otg ls gh yksxksa osQ fiz; cusA blfy, ge Hkh fu%LokFkZ Hkko ls gh lsok djsaxsA


O;kdj.k dh ckr 1- (d) lw[kk gfj;kyh ([k) tkuk vkuk (x) [kq'kh xe (?k) nwj ikl (Ä) v¡/sjk mtkyk

2- (d) euq"; ([k) lkFkh (x) ruk (?k) o`an (Ä) jkosQ'k

3- (d) fdj.ksa ([k) i{kho`an (x) pjokgs (?k) iyosaQ (Ä) dfy;k¡ (p) Mkfy;k¡

4- laKk fo'ks"k.k laKk fo'ks"k.k (d) lw;Z nedrk ([k) paæek pedrk (x) dyh pVdrh (?k) ifFkd FkosQ (Ä) fdj.k pedrh (p) v¡/sjk dkyk




88

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1



1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) pkjksa rjI+kQ mtkyk oSQls gqvk\

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([k) dfy;k¡ fdls iQM+dkus yxha\

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(x) eqlkfiQj D;k djus yxs\

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(?k) euq"; fdlosQ n'kZu ikdj dke esa yx x,A

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(Ä) ^egkiq#"k* fdls dgk x;k gS\

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2- okD; cukb,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) gfj;kyh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) v¡/sjk -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) n'kZu -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) lwjt -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) egkiq#"k -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa osQ vFkZ fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) ifFkd µ ---------------------------- ([k) rstoar µ ----------------------------

(x) neduk µ ---------------------------- (?k) egkiq#"k µ ----------------------------

(Ä) pjokgk µ ----------------------------

89

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2



1- fuEufyf[kr okD;ka'kksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) tks ?kwerk jgrk gS µ ----------------------------------

([k) egku gS tks iq#"k µ ----------------------------------

(x) tks i'kq pjkrk gS µ ----------------------------------

(?k) tks rst ls ;qDr gks µ ----------------------------------

(Ä) tks vkyl djrk gks µ ----------------------------------

2- dfork esa dkSu fdldk izrhd gS\ 1 × 4 = 4

(d) lwjt µ ----------------------------------

([k) eksrh µ ----------------------------------

(x) egkiq#"k µ ----------------------------------

(?k) v¡/sjk µ ----------------------------------

3- foijhr 'kCn fyf[k,µ 1 × 6 = 6

(d) v¡/sjk µ --------------------- ([k) vkyl µ ---------------------

(x) [kq'k µ --------------------- (?k) mrjuk µ ---------------------

(Ä) ikuk µ --------------------- (p) rstoar µ ---------------------

90

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- ^pank ekek* tSlh dgkfu;k¡ lqukdj nknh&ukuh cpiu ls gh cPpksa esa izÑfr osQ izfr izse Hkko iSnk djrh FkhaA ,slh fdlh ?kVuk dk o.kZu dhft,A 5

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2- ^egkiq#"k* osQoy ekuo dh mUufr esa gh lgk;d ugha jgs] cfYd izÑfr&j{kd Hkh jgs gSaA* vius fopkj fyf[k,A 5

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91

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) lwjt osQ fudyus ls pkjksa rjI+kQ mtkyk gqvkA

([k) dfy;k¡ iydksa dks iQM+dkusa yxhaA (x) eqlkfI+kQj vkus&tkus yxsA (?k) euq"; lwjt osQ n'kZu ikdj vius&vius dke esa yx x,A (Ä) tks nwljksa osQ fgr esa thrs gSa] mUgsa egkiq#"k dgk x;k gSA

2- (d) o"kkZ gksrs gh pkjksa rjI+kQ gfj;kyh Nk xbZA ([k) lw;ksZn; gksrs gh v¡/sjk nwj gks x;kA (x) lqcg&losjs izHkq osQ n'kZu djus pkfg,A (?k) lwjt lkjs tx dks jks'kuh nsrk gSA (Ä) lRdeZ djus okyk gh egkiq#"k dgykrk gSA (fon~;kFkhZ viuh #fp osQ okD; Hkh cuk ldrs gSaA)

3- (d) jkgxhj ([k) rst ls ;qDr (x) peduk (?k) egku iq#"k (Ä) i'kq pjkus okyk

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) ?kqeDdM+ ([k) egkiq#"k (x) pjokgk (?k) rstoar (Ä) vkylh

2- (d) lwjt µ jks'kuh dk

([k) eksrh peosQ µ vksl dh cw¡nksa dk

(x) egkiq#"k µ vPNs O;fDr dk (ekuork dk j{kd)

(?k) v¡/sjk µ nq[k] fujk'kk dk

3- (d) mtkyk ([k) LiwQfrZ (x) nq[kh (?k) p<+uk (Ä) [kksuk (p) rstghu

92

jDr o jDrnku

lkjka'k

jDr dk egRRo osQoy ogh tku ldrk gS] ftldk laca/h jDr osQ vHkko esa e`R;q osQ fudV iM+k gksrk gSA gekjs 'kjhj dks rkdr nsus okyk vFkkZr lkjs 'kjhj dks vkWDlhtu igq¡pkus okyk jDr gh gSA blh osQ vanj lI+ksQn jDr d.k] fcack.kq rFkk yky jDr d.k fon~;eku jgrs gSa] tks le;≤ ij mfpr dk;Z djosQ gekjh j{kk djrs gSaA jDrnku egknku blfy, gS] D;ksafd blls fdlh ”k:jrean dh tku cp ldrh gSA pksV yxus ij vf/d jDrÏko gksus ls e`R;q dk [krjk cu tkrk gS] ,sls esa nku fd;k jDr gh thounk;h curk gSA jDr dk dksbZ fodYi ugha] blfy, le;≤ ij jDrnku djrs jguk pkfg,A

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd (d) gekjs 'kjhj esa yxHkx 5500 feyhyhVj jDr gksrk gSA

([k) 'kjhj dks vkWDlhtu igq¡pkus dk dk;Z yky jDr d.k djrs gSaA

(x) 'kjhj esa lksfM;e dh vf/d ek=kk mPp jDrpki dks tUe nsrh gSA

(?k) jDrnku ls igys 'kjhj esa laØked chekfj;ksa dh tk¡p djkuk ”k:jh gSA

fyf[kr 1- (d) (i) jDr ls ([k) (iv) oxZ ^vks* (x) (i) pkj ckj (?k) (iii) egknku (Ä) (ii) 24 ?kaVksa esa 2- (d) vR;f/d jDr cgko osQ fofHkUu dkj.k gks ldrs gSa_ tSlsµfdlh nq?kZVuk esa euq"; osQ 'kjhj

ls vR;f/d jDr osQ fudy tkus ls] fofHkUu izdkj dh 'kY;&fpfdRlkvksa esa] jDr oSaQlj rFkk Vhúchú jksxksa esa bR;kfnA

([k) euq"; osQ 'kjhj esa jDr yk[kksa&djksM+ksa dksf'kdkvksa dks vkWDlhtu vkSj ipk gqvk Hkkstu igq¡pkrk gSA blls 'kjhj dks ÅtkZ izkIr gksrh gSA bl izfØ;k esa dksf'kdkvksa ls fudyus okys fo"kSys inkFkZ] ;wfj;k rFkk fo"kSyh xSlksa vkfn dks 'kjhj ls ckgj fudkyus dk dk;Z Hkh jDr gh djrk gSA

(x) jDrnku ls igys laØked chekfj;ksa_ tSlsµ,M~l] eysfj;k] fgisVkbfVl jksxksa vkfn osQ y{k.kksa dh tk¡p djokuh pkfg,A jDrnku djus okyk O;fDr 'kkjhfjd vkSj ekufld :i ls Hkh LoLFk gksuk pkfg,A

15

93

(?k) jDr vkneh osQ 'kjhj esa mifLFkr yk[kksa&djksM+ksa dksf'kdkvksa dks vkWDlhtu vkSj ipk gqvk Hkkstu igq¡pkrk gSA blh ls 'kjhj dks ÅtkZ feyrh gSA

(Ä) vkikr fLFkfr osQ fy, gj cMs+ vLirky esa CyM cSad cuk;k x;k gSA vko';drk iM+us ij bu CyM cSadksa esa lHkh oxks± dk jDr miyC/ jgrk gS_ tgk¡ ls jDr dh O;oLFkk dh tkrh gSA

(p) CyM cSadksa esa jDr ges'kk cuk jgs blosQ fy, le;≤ ij jDr nsrs jguk pkfg,A jDr dk dksbZ vkSj fodYi ugha gS] blfy, fu;fer jDrnku ls CyM cSadksa esa jDr dh vkiwfrZ dks iw.kZ fd;k tk ldrk gSA

(N) oqQN yksx /eZ osQ uke ij yM+rs jgrs gSa] ijarq lHkh /eks± osQ yksxksa osQ ygw dk jax yky gh gSA fdlh Hkh /eZ osQ O;fDr dk jax fdlh Hkh vU; /eZ osQ O;fDr dks p<+k;k tk ldrk gSA bl izdkj jDr gesa balkfu;r dh f'k{kk nsrk gSA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

(t) vk¡[ksa] fdMuh] ân;] yhoj] dksbZ Hkh vax ejus osQ oqQN ?kaVksa ckn rd ns ldrs gSaA tSlsµvk¡[ksa ejus osQ Ng ?kaVs osQ vanj&vanj nku nh tk ldrh gSa] fdMuh rks ftank jgrs gh nh tk ldrh gS] D;ksafd ge ,d xqnsZ ls Hkh ftank jg ldrs gSa] yhoj dk ¾ fgLlk fy;k tkrk gS 'ks"k ughaA tc O;fDr dksek esa pyk tk, ;k mlosQ okil ykSVus dh dksbZ vk'kk u gks] mldk efLr"d iwjh rjg fuf"Ø; gks tk, ,sls esa fny Hkh nku fn;k tk ldrk gSA

(fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)O;kdj.k dh ckr 1- (d) cgu ([k) cki (x) Nk=kk (?k) ikfBdk (Ä) L=kh (p) nk=kh

2- ewy'kCn izR;; (d) izkjaHk $ bd ([k) 'kjhj $ bd (x) ekul $ bd (?k) fo"k $ ,syk (Ä) bPNk $ br (p) larqyu $ br

3- (d) fon~;ky; ([k) vR;ko';d (x) fgeky; (?k) vR;f/d (Ä) nsoky; (p) bR;kfn (N) vukFkky; (t) ;n~;fi

4- (d) rqEgkjk HkkbZ dgk¡ jgrk gS\ ([k) cxhps esa dksbZ vk;k gSA (x) dy dkSu vk;k Fkk\ (?k) feú 'kekZ ;gk¡ jgrs gSaA (Ä) viuk dk;Z Lo;a dhft,A (p) tks cksvksxs lks ikvksxsA



94

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1



1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) ys[kd osQ fe=k dks fdl dkj.k jDr dh vko';drk iM+h\

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([k) gekjs thou dk eq[; vk/kj D;k gS\

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(x) vk;ju dh deh fdl chekjh dks tUe nsrh gS\

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(?k) ,d ckj esa fdrus feyhyhVj jDr fy;k tkrk gS\

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(Ä) CyM cSad fdlfy, cuk, tkrs gSa\

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2- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa ls milxZ o ewy'kCn vyx dhft,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) vlarqyu µ ------------ $ ------------ ([k) vO;oLFkk µ ------------ $ ------------

(x) izfrjks/d µ ------------ $ ------------ (?k) vuqifLFkr µ ------------ $ ------------

(Ä) vR;f/d µ ------------ $ ------------

3- fuEufyf[kr fo'ks";ksa osQ fy, fo'ks"k.k fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

fo'ks"k.k fo'ks";

(d) ----------------------- xSalsa

([k) ----------------------- jDrd.k

(x) ----------------------- O;fDr

(?k) ----------------------- vLirky (Ä) ----------------------- fe=k

95

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2




(d) fon~;ky; µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) ftKklk µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) vLirky µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) oSaQlj µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) jDrnku µ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- mn~ns'; o fo/s; vyx djosQ fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) gj fdlh dk jDr ,d&lk ugha gksrkA ---------------------

([k) jDrnkrk dh vk;q vBkjg ls lkB lky gksuh pkfg,A ---------------------

(x) [kwu yky jax dk Ård gSA ---------------------

(?k) ,uhfe;k vk;ju dh deh ls gksrk gSA ---------------------

(Ä) eSa vR;f/d izlUu FkkA ---------------------

3- fuEufyf[kr okD;ka'kksa osQ fy, ,d 'kCn fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) tks chekj gks µ ---------------------

([k) tkuus dh bPNk j[kus okyk µ ---------------------

(x) nku nsus okyk µ ---------------------

(?k) tgk¡ ge i<+us tkrs gSa µ ---------------------

(Ä) tgk¡ bykt djok;k tkrk gS µ ---------------------

96

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- ^jDrnku egknku* fo"k; ij ,d foKkiu cukb,A 5

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2- ^ekuo lsok] bZ'oj lsok* fo"k; ij vuqPNsn fyf[k,A 5

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97

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) ys[kd osQ fe=k dks FkSyslhfe;k (jDr dk oSaQlj) osQ dkj.k jDr dh vko';drk iM+hA

([k) gekjs thou dk eq[; vk/kj jDr gSA (x) vk;ju dh deh ^,uhfe;k* (jDr dh deh) uked chekjh dks tUe nsrh gSA (?k) ,d ckj easa 300 feyhyhVj jDr fy;k tkrk gSA (Ä) vkikr fLFkfr esa jDr dh vko';drk iM+us ij bUgha CyM cSadksa esa lqjf{kr jDr dk iz;ksx

fd;k tkrk gSA jDr dks lqjf{kr j[kus gsrq CyM cSad cuk, tkrs gSaA

2- (d) v $ larqyu ([k) v $ O;oLFkk (x) izfr $ jks/d (?k) vu $ mifLFkr (Ä) vfr $ vf/d

3- (d) ”kgjhyh ([k) lI+ksQn (x) chekj (?k) cM+k (Ä) ije

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) gekjk fon~;ky; cgqr cM+k ,oa vPNk gSA

([k) eq>s ;g tkuus dh ftKklk Fkh fd gekjk 'kjhj oSQls dke djrk gSA (x) ?kk;y dks rqjar vLirky ys tkuk pkfg,A (?k) vktdy oSaQlj tSlh ykbykt chekjh Hkh Bhd gks ldrh gSA (Ä) gesa le;≤ ij jDrnku djrs jguk pkfg,A (fon~;kFkhZ viuh #fp osQ okD; Hkh cuk ldrs gSaA)

2- mn~ns'; fo/s; (d) gj fdlh dk jDr ,d&lk ugha gksrkA ([k) jDrnkrk dh vk;q vBkjg ls lkB lky gksuh pkfg,A (x) [kwu yky jax dk Ård gSA (?k) ,uhfe;k vk;ju dh deh ls gksrk gSA (Ä) eSa vR;f/d izlUu FkkA

3- (d) jksxh ([k) ftKklq (x) nkuh (?k) ikB'kkyk (Ä) vLirky

98

ek¡

lkjka'k

NksVk&lk 'kCn ^ek¡* vius esa bZ'ojh; rRo dks lesVs gq, gSA cPpksa osQ eq¡g ij firk ls Hkh igys ek¡ dk uke vkrk gSA NksVs&NksVs dk;ks± ls ysdj cM+s&cMs+ dk;ks± dks laiUu djuk osQoy ekrk osQ n~okjk laHko gSA cPps dks d"Vksa ls cpkus gsrq [kqn d"V >syrh gSA lqcg&losjs mBdj lc dk;ks± dks iw.kZ djrh gSA ek¡ fo'o es dgha dh Hkh gks] cPps osQ fy, ek¡ lc oqQN gksrh gSA

ikB~;iqLrd osQ mRrj

ekSf[kd

(d) NksVk cPPkk lcls ”;knk viuh ek¡ osQ laioZQ esa jgrk gSA

([k) dfork esa ek¡ osQ vykok firk dks iwT; crk;k x;k gSA

(x) ek¡ gekjs nnZ dks nqxkZ cudj gj ysrh gSA

(?k) ek¡ osQ nqykjs mlosQ cPps dks nq[kh ns[kdj ek¡ viuh vk¡[k fHkxks ysrh gSA

(Ä) ek¡ osQ nqykjs mlosQ csVk&csVh gksrs gSaA

fyf[kr

1- (d) (iv) csVk] csVh ([k) (iii) ek¡ fuLLokFkZ Hkko ls cPps dk ikyu&iks"k.k djrh gS (x) (ii) tku ls I;kjs (?k) (iv) lqcg osQ dke gsrq rS;kjh djrh gSA (Ä) (iii) cPpksa osQ fy,

2- (d) izÑfr us gh oqQN ,slk cuk;k gS fd iq=k ek¡ osQ lkFk vkSj csVh firk osQ lkFk vf/d izlUu jgrh gS] tcfd nksuksa mudk va'k gSaA nksuksa gh ekrk&firk dks I;kjs gksrs gSa] ijarq ;fn csVs dks ”;knk egRRo fn;k tkrk gS] rks csVh Lo;a dks misf{kr eglwl djrh gS vkSj oqaQBk dk f'kdkj gks tkrh gSA iq=k Lo;a dks Js"B le> euekuh djus yxrs gSa tks ekrk&firk osQ fy, gh ugha lekt osQ fy, Hkh ?kkrd fln~/ gks ldrk gSA

16

99

([k) ,d NksVs cPps osQ cpiu dks l¡okjus osQ fy, ek¡ vusd d"V lgu djrh gSA ek¡ NksVs cPps dks lw[ks esa lqykdj [kqn xhys esa lksrh gSA vxj cPps ij dksbZ d"V vk,] rks ek¡ nqxkZ cudj mldh j{kk djrh gS vFkkZr ek¡ nqxkZ dh Hkk¡fr vius cPpksa osQ d"Vksa dks nwj djrh gSA

(x) dfork esa eSjh vkSj I+kQkfrek dk f”kØ fd;k x;k gSA ek¡ dk /eZ ls dksbZ okLrk ughaA ek¡ osQoy ek¡ gS og vius cPps osQ fy, oqQN Hkh djus dks rS;kj jgrh gSA bZ'oj dk izfr:i vxj dksbZ gS rks og osQoy ek¡ gSA

(?k) ek¡ dh xksn eerk ls Hkjh jgrh gS vFkkZr cPpksa osQ izfr fu%LokFkZ izse ls Hkjh jgrh gSA

(Ä) cPps dks ikyu&iks"k.k esa ek¡ dh Hkwfedk ”;knk egRRoiw.kZ gksrh gSA og cPps osQ lkFk jkr&jkrHkj tkxrh gSA mlosQ NksVs ls NksVs lq[k dk è;ku j[krh gSA vr% ek¡ dk n”kkZ firk ls Hkh m¡Qpk ekuk x;k gSA (fon~;kFkhZ vius fopkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

(p) loZizFke cPpk ek¡ dh xksn esa vkdj vk¡[ksa [kksyrk gSA ek¡ yksfj;k¡ lqukdj] vPNh&vPNh dgkfu;k¡ lqukdj mldk ikyu&iks"k.k djrh gSA mldk ifjp; ?kj osQ izR;sd lnL; ls djokrh gSA vkl&ikl osQ okrkoj.k dh tkudkjh Hkh ek¡ n~okjk gh cPps dks izkIr gksrh gSA ek¡ osQ lkFk jgdj og fofHkUu 'kCnksa dk mPpkj.k djuk lh[krk gSA ek¡ mls vPNs&cqjs dh igpku djokrh gSA f'kokth dks ;ksn~/k cukus esa mudh ek¡ dh Hkwfedk dks u”kjvankt ugha fd;k tk ldrk blfy, ek¡ dks cPps dh izFke xq# dgk x;k gSA


O;kdj.k dh ckr

1- (d) ekrk ([k) csVh (x) fir` (?k) fny (Ä) xe (p) ik"kk.k

2- (d) lq[k ([k) ijk;k (x) fuanuh; (?k) ?k`.kk (Ä) 'kke (p) tkxuk

3- (d) eeRo ([k) LoRo (x) i'kqRo (?k) viuRo (Ä) L=khRo (p) izHkqRo

4- (d) ,d dkyk&lk vfLFkiatj ckj&ckj [kM+k gksus dh dksf'k'k djrkA

([k) ugha rks] D;k gksrh gS xksg\

(x) ngh] NkN] yLlh fiykvks] vHkh nnZ Hkkx tk,xkA

(?k) gekjk ,d lgikBh Fkkµcks/jkt! cgqr tkfye yM+dk FkkA

(Ä) vjs! rqe bruk gk¡iQ D;ksa jgs gks\

O;fDrRo fu[kkj




100

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1



1- fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa osQ mRrj fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) dfork esa iwT; fdls dgk x;k gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) dkSu cPps osQ nq[k esa Lo;a nq[kh gks tkrh gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) ek¡ dc tkxrh gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) ek¡ osQ I;kj dks dfo us D;k uke fn;k gS\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) ^vk¡[k fHkxksuk* dk vFkZ fyf[k,A ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- okD; cukb,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) nqxkZ µ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) I+kQkfrek µ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) eerk µ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) nqykjk µ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) nq[k µ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3- mfpr dkjd fpg~u yxkb,µ 1 × 5 = 5 (d) cPps ----------- nq[k ----------- viuk nq[k le>rh gSA ([k) csVk&csVh mls tku ----------- I;kjs yxrs gSaA

(x) cPpksa ----------- lw[ks ----------- lqykrh gSA (?k) ek¡ ----------- ân; ----------- izse gksrk gSA (Ä) ek¡ ----------- xksn eerk ----------- Hkjh jgrh gSA

101

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2



1- laKk 'kCnksa dks js[kkafdr dhft, rFkk fn, x, LFkku esa fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) iRFkj] ihry ;k lksus dh izfrekA µ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

([k) eerk ls xksn Hkjh jgrh gSA µ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

(x) ek¡ rks ysfdu ek¡ gksrh gSA µ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

(?k) viuh vk¡[k fHkxks ysrh gSA µ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

(Ä) nqxkZ cudj gj ysrh gSA µ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2- vFkZ fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) lqrk µ --------------------- ([k) ru; µ ---------------------

(x) izfrek µ --------------------- (?k) okRlY; µ ---------------------

(Ä) gj ysuk µ ---------------------

3- cgqopu fyf[k,µ 1 × 5 = 5

(d) vk¡[k µ --------------------- ([k) cPpk µ ---------------------

(x) izfrek µ --------------------- (?k) eSa µ ---------------------

(Ä) nqykjk µ ---------------------

102

dk;Z&if=kdkµ3




1- ^esjh ek¡* fo"k; ij vius fopkj fyf[k,A 5

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2- ^cPps ekrk dk izfr:i gksrs gSaA* Li"V dhft,A 5

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103

mRrj

dk;Z&if=kdkµ1 1- (d) dfork esa ekrk&firk dks iwT; dgk x;k gSA

([k) ek¡ cPps osQ nq[k esa Lo;a nq[kh gks tkrh gSA (x) ek¡ lqcg&losjs tkxrh gSA (?k) ek¡ osQ I;kj dks dfo us okRlY; uke fn;k gSA (Ä) ^vk¡[k fHkxksuk* dk vFkZ gSµvk¡lw vk tkukA

2- (d) cPpksa dh j{kk gsrq ek¡ nqxkZ dk :i /kj.k djrh gSA ([k) I+kQkfrek esjh vPNh nksLr gSA (x) ek¡ dh eerk dks cPpk le>rk gSA (?k) gj cPpk ekrk&firk dk nqykjk gksrk gSA (Ä) thou esa nq[k&lq[k vkrs&tkrs jgrs gSaA (fon~;kFkhZ viuh #fp osQ okD; Hkh cuk ldrs gSaA)

3- (d) osQ] dks ([k) ls

(x) dks] esa (?k) osQ] esa

(Ä) dh] ls

dk;Z&if=kdkµ2 1- (d) iRFkj] ihry] lksuk] izfrek ([k) eerk] xksn (x) ek¡ (?k) vk¡[k (Ä) nqxkZ

2- (d) csVh ([k) csVk (x) ewfrZ (?k) izse (Ä) nwj dj nsuk

3- (d) vk¡[ksa ([k) cPps (x) izfrek,¡ (?k) ge (Ä) nqykjs

104

vifBr xn~;ka'k

1- (d) (iv) vaxzs”kh Hkk"kk vkrh gS

([k) (ii) ?kj esa viuh Hkk"kk dh iqLrd j[krk gSA

(x) (iv) mi;qZDr rhuksa lgh gSa

(?k) (i) bfrgkl $ bd

(Ä) (iii) nqj~ $ O;oLFkk

2- (d) e/qefD[k;k¡ o frrfy;k¡ cMs+ 'kkSd ls e/qiku djrh gSaA

([k) e/qefD[k;k¡ ,d iwQy osQ ijkxd.k nwljs iwQy ij ys tkrh gSaA

(x) viuh f”kanxh osQ fy, o`{k dks eksg&ek;k dk yksHk ugha gksrk] D;ksafd og viuh larku dks iQyrs&iwQyrs ns[kuk pkgrk gSA mlosQ fy, og viuk thou U;ksNkoj dj nsrk gSA

(?k) lw[kk isM+ gok dk vk?kkr lgu ugha dj ikrkA

(Ä) o`{k vius 'kjhj dk jl fiykdj chtksa dk iks"k.k djrk gS vkSj /hjs&/hjs larku dh [kkfrj lc oqQN yqVk nsrk gSA var esa ,d fnu vdLekr~ tM+ lfgr ”kehu ij fxjdj lekIr gks tkrk gSA

vifBr in~;ka'k

1- (d) dfo dks ckj&ckj vius e/qj cpiu dh ;kn vkrh gSA

([k) cpiu esa fparkjfgr gksdj [ksyuk] [kkuk&ihuk] fuMj gksdj b/j&m/j ?kweuk vkfn ckrksa dks Hkqyk;k ugha tk ldrkA

(x) cPpksa dks m¡Qp&uhp o NqvkNwr dk Kku ugha gksrkA

(?k) cPps dks v¡xwBk pwlus ij ve`r ihus tSlk vkuan izkIr gksrk gSA

(Ä) cPps 'kksj epk&epkdj lwus ?kj esa jkSud ys vkrs gSaA

2- (d) (iii) dyh ls iq"i cu tkuk

([k) (ii) Ne&Ne

(x) (iv) mi;qZDr rhuksa txg

(?k) (ii) eLrh

(Ä) (i) bZ'oj dh

105

ladfyr ewY;kaduµI

1- (d) bl thou :ih mn~;ku dks lqxa/ ls ifjiw.kZ cukus osQ fy, rFkk Lo;a dks Hkh larq"V j[kus osQ fy, gesa oqQN ckrsa è;ku esa j[kuh pkfg,A

([k) gekjk eu rc vf/d nq[k ikrk gS tc ge nwljksa ls oqQN izkIr djus dh] oqQN ikus dh vk'kk djrs gSaA

(x) foosd dk gj.k Øks/ osQ n~okjk gksrk gSA

(?k) ekuo eu dh lcls cM+h dkeuk gksrh gS fd og nwljksa osQ ân; ij viuk izHkko tek,A

(Ä) lalkj esa cqn~f/eRrk dk vknj gksrk gS vkSj og KkuktZu ls izkIr gksrh gSA

2- (d) (i) ok;q] gok (ii) lqjlfj] nsounh (iii) lqr] ru; (iv) Hkw] èkjk

([k) (i) ej.k (ii) FkksM+k (iii) >wB (iv) ?k`.kk

(x) (i) iryk&nqcyk (ii) gV~Vk&dV~Vk (iii) vPNh (iv) fo'kky

(?k) (i) ?kksalys (ii) f[kM+fd;k¡ (iii) dk¡Vs (iv) dfy;k¡ (v) fdukjs (vi) i{kho`an

(Ä) (i) c~ $ v $ p~ $ p~ $ vk (ii) n~ $ v $ j~ $ n~ $ v (iii) Hk~ $ j~ $ v $ e~ $ v $ .k~ $ v

(p) (i) viuk] Lo;a µ futokpd loZuke (ii) oqQN µ vfu'p;okpd loZuke (iii) tks&lks µ laca/okpd loZuke

(N) (i) uj eSuk (ii) fpfM+;k (iii) lk¡fiu

(t) (i) pksjh djrs gq, idMs+ tkus ij jksgu dk psgjk lI+ksQn iM+ x;kA (ii) ek¡ osQ ckgj tkus ij cPpksa us ?kj flj ij mBk fy;kA (iii) NksVs cPps cM+h&cM+h ckrsa djus yxs rks cM+ksa dks dguk gh iM+rk gS fd muosQ isV esa nk<+h gSA

(>) (i) iz $ Hkko (ii) le~ $ Hkkouk (iii) v $ fo'okl

(×k) (i) nsuk pkgrk Fkk (ii) jg x, gSa (iii) f[kyk fn;k Fkk

3- (d) ekLVj th us dgk fd eksgu dks rks dy LowQy tkuk gS] mlosQ fcuk Dykl esa jkSud gh ugha jgsxhA

106

([k) ugha] vxj le; ij oSaQlj dh chekjh dk irk py tk,] rks bldk bykt fuf'pr :i ls laHko gSA v;ku bldk thrk&tkxrk mnkgj.k gSA

(x) gk¡A vk”kknh osQ lq[k ls cM+k dksbZ lq[k ughaA dfBukb;ksa esa thus vkSj mu ij fot; ikus esa gh thou dh lkFkZdrk gSA ck?k vk”kknh ls thuk pkgrk FkkA fdlh dh xqykeh mls Lohdkj ugha FkhA

(?k) (i) cks/jkt dks if{k;ksa osQ ckjs esa cgqr tkudkjh FkhA

(ii) ckgj ls dBksj gksrs gq, Hkh mlosQ vanj n;kHkko FkkA

(Ä) eaxj ,d drZO;fu"B] ekfyd dk oI+kQknkj ,oa esgurh fdlku FkkA og vius dke ls eryc j[kus okyk FkkA tokuh esa mldk cfy"B 'kjhj bldk xokg Fkk ij cq<+kis esa ydok ekj tkus ls og nwljksa ij fuHkZj gks x;kA ys[kd mldh n;uh; fLFkfr ls bruk æfor gqvk fd mlosQ fo"k; esa mls fy[kuk iM+kA

4- ^tc eSa ?kj ij vosQyk Fkk* fon~;kFkhZ Lo;a djsaA

vFkok

baVjusV dh nqfu;k

vn~Hkqr vkSj vuks[kh gSµbaVjusV dh ;g nqfu;kA NksVs cPps gksa] deZpkjh gksa ;k fiQj ?kj esa jgus okyh fL=k;k¡ gksa] lHkh dks blus viuh pisV esa ys fy;k gSA nqfu;k dh lSj eksckby ;k ySiVkWi ls gks tkrh gSA vkidks fdlh Hkh rjg dh tkudkjh pkfg, gks] baVjusV osQ n~okjk izkIr dj ldrs gSaA cPpksa osQ x`gdk;Z ls ysdj 'kknh djokus rd osQ lHkh lk/uksa dh izkfIr blosQ n~okjk laHko gSA jpukRed dk;ks± osQ fy, cPpksa dks tkudkjh pkfg,] fdlh dks [kkuk cukuk lh[kuk gSA lHkh dh #fp osQ vuqlkj izR;sd dk;Z blosQ ekè;e ls laHko gSA cM+h&lh nqfu;k NksVh gksdj jg xbZ gSA vc ;g ge ij fuHkZj djrk gS fd ge blls osQoy vPNh ph”ksa gh xzg.k djrs gSa ;k vius ekufld Lrj dks fxjkrs gq, xyr ckrsa lh[krs gSaA flDosQ osQ nksuksa igyw gekjs lkeus gSa] blfy, gesa pkfg, fd ge blosQ n~okjk Kku izkIr djsa vkSj vius Hkfo"; dks mTToy cuk,¡A

(fon~;kFkhZ viuh #fp osQ vuqlkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

107

ladfyr ewY;kaduµII

1- (d) dfo i{kh dks vk”kknh dk xku xkus dks dg jgk gSA

([k) dfo dh bPNk gS fd i{kh vkSj og nksuksa viuh bPNk ls eqDr vkSj canh cu] lq[k&nq[k esa [kks, gj fnu liuksa osQ egy cukrsA

(x) vk/h jkr esa dfo dks lkxj dh xtZu] cgrk gqvk >juk rFkk rkjksa dk f>yfeykdj oqQN dguk fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA

(?k) dfo dks thou :ih jkLrs dh nqcZyrk,¡ O;koqQy dj tkrh gSaA

(Ä) nhurk vkSj fujk'kk dks eu ls nwj gVkdj ge lq[k osQ Hkkoksa dks txk ldrs gSaA

2- (d) (i) dFkk,¡ (ii) ufn;k¡ (iii) ekrk,¡ (iv) csfV;k¡ (v) Jksrkx.k (vi) vk¡[ksa

([k) (i) iQfj;knh (ii) jDrnkrk (iii) vkradoknh (iv) lgikBh

(x) (i) lqokl (ii) vU;k; (iii) vf/dkj (iv) midkj

(?k) (i) lqokl $ br (ii) ioZr $ bZ; (iii) je.k $ bZ; (iv) lEeku $ br

(Ä) (i) flrkjk (ii) i'kq (iii) O;fDr (iv) diM+k

(p) (i) iqLrdky; (ii) fgeky; (iii) vR;ar (iv) lw;ksZn;

(N) (i) ukjh (ii) ysf[kdk (iii) csxe (iv) cqf<+;k (v) ukfxu (vi) iq=kh

(t) (i) viukiu (ii) izHkqRo (iii) eeRo (iv) euq";Ro (v) i'kqRo (vi) L=khRo

(>) (i) fo"k] xjy (ii) ek¡] vack (iii) fo"k/j] ukx (iv) fdokM+] iV

(×k) (i) dy 'kke jkeyky dk csVk py clkA (ii) nq?kZVuk dh [kcj lqudj esjk dystk /o~Q&/o~Q djus yxkA (iii) ml vn~Hkqr dykÑfr dks ns[k lHkh ea=keqX/ gks x,A

3- (d) Lokeh th us mRrj fn;k fd rqEgkjh eaf”ky rqEgkjs lkeus gS] ysfdu rqe ml rjI+kQ pyus dh ctk; nwljs yksxksa osQ ihNs Hkkxrs jgrs gks vkSj viuh eaf”ky ls nwj gks tkrs gksA

([k) pkjksa vksj vkrad osQ iSQyus ls vius vkSj csxkus] fdrus yksx ej jgs gSaA pkjksa rjI+kQ tkfrokn iSQy jgk gSA jksrs&fcy[krs cPps o mudh ph[ksa lqukbZ ns jgh gSaA

108

(x) ^ea=k* dgkuh MkWú pM~<k osQ LokFkhZ :i dks] tcfd Hkxr osQ fuLLokFkZ o nwljksa osQ izfr cSj u j[kus okyh Hkkouk,¡ mtkxj djrh gSA tgk¡ MkWú pM~<k tSls yksx iSls osQ u'ks esa Lo;a osQ lkeus fdlh dks oqQN ugha le>rs] ogha Hkxr tSls xjhc vius izfr vU;k; djus okys dks Hkh ekI+kQ djuk tkurs gSaA

(?k) vdkyxzLr] Hkw[ks&I;kls yksxksa dks ikuh osQ fy,] i'kqvksa dks pkjs osQ fy, rM+irs ns[kdj rFkk catj /jrh dks ns[k] ek¡ ueZnk dk eu jks mBrk gSA ek¡ gksdj og viuh larku dks rM+irk gqvk ugha ns[k ldrhA

(Ä) jDr dk dksbZ fodYi ughaA gekjs n~okjk fn;k x;k jDr fdlh osQ thou dks cpk ldrk gSA fdlh ifjokj esa [kq'kgkyh yk ldrk gSA vr% jDrnku dks vko';d dgk x;k gSA

4- lsok esa] uxjikfydk vè;{k] ubZ fnYyh uxjikfydk fnYyhA 16 flracj] 20---------

fo"k; % {ks=k dh liQkbZ gsrq i=kA

ekU;oj]

eSa iatkch ckx dk fuoklh gw¡ vkSj vius iwjs {ks=k dh rjI+kQ ls vkidks i=k fy[k jgk gw¡A gekjs {ks=k esa vktdy cgqr xanxh iSQyh gqbZ gS] ftlls ePNjksa us viuk Msjk tek;k gqvk gSA vkidks

irk gh gS fd fpduxqfu;k vkSj Msaxw fdruk iSQyk gqvk gSA ?kj&?kj esa NksVs cPps chekj iMs+ gSaA o"kkZ osQ fnuksa esa ?kj ls fudyuk nwHkj gks tkrk gS] D;ksafd ukfy;ksa dk ikuh ?kjksa osQ Hkhrj izos'k djus yxk gSA

vkils vuqjks/ gS fd gekjs {ks=k dh ”kYn ls ”kYn lI+kQkbZ djok,¡ rkfd {ks=k LoPN jgs vkSj bu chekfj;ksa ls jkgr fey losQA

/U;oknA Hkonh; dú [kú xú (fon~;kFkhZ vius vuqlkj Hkh fy[k ldrs gSaA)

7 ubz lokfr - saraswati house material... · 2018-07-03 · second floor, mgm tower, 19 ansari...

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