s20b40bdb2d932b7a.jimcontent.com · web viewel inglés es el idioma más utilizado en el mundo...

ZONA ESCOLAR BG 002

FORMATO PARA GUIA DE ESTUDIO DIRIGIDO

ESCUELA: Escuela Preparatoria Oficial Anexa a la Normal No. 3 Toluca TURNO: Matutino

SEMESTRE: 5º GRUPO: 1 y 2

MATERIA: Inglés V PROFESOR: Liliana Villegas Corrales.

UNIDAD 1

I. INTRODUCCIÓN MOTIVACIONAL

TALKING ABOUT MYTHS AND LEGENDS

Imagina que eres un reportero y en tu trabajo te solicitan un reportaje para la televisión, acerca de los mitos y leyendas de tu comunidad, veamos un ejemplo.

Origin of Vampire

Although, there have been many superstitions and beliefs about the origin of such theories, the Slavic vampire myths interpenetrate all the others. Such beliefs in Slavic culture stem from practices and beliefs during the pre-Christian era. People have sustained these pagan spiritual beliefs even in the modern times, though no written records are available. One such example of these pagan beliefs is believing in the soul after death. In Slavic culture, some ghosts and spirits were considered beneficent, while some were considered harmful. These demons could appear in any animal or human form. The malevolent activities in which they were said to be involved in, included harming the harvest, or sucking the blood of lives tock and human beings. Because of these activities, the Slavs were often obliged to placate the spirits. Theybelieved that a vampire was a person who abducted a decomposing dead body and sought to feed on the blood for their own survival. Modern Explanations To clear these superstitions and ghost stories, several explanations were made. A major explanation was that vampires suffered from a disease of porphyria, which caused pale skin, sensitivity to light and made the incisors look bigger. However, the theory has been snubbed, as it was said that these symptoms were based on the misunderstandings of the disease. Sometimes, the dead body did not decompose as quickly as expected, and vampire hunters concluded that this was a sign of vampirism. Also, there are theories which suggest that these legends were influenced by the fact that people were buried alive, due to lack of medical knowledge.

¿POR QUÉ ES IMPORTANTE APRENDER INGLES?

Hablar el idioma Inglés es invaluable para el desarrollo empresarial y profesional de una persona. Las mejores oportunidades de trabajo, desde un empleo con salario medio hasta los más altos niveles ejecutivos, requieren el dominio del idioma Inglés, porque el personal administrativo, las máquinas, las técnicas que se utilizan, los libros, etc. todos se expresan o están en Inglés. El Inglés es el idioma más utilizado en el mundo entero, tanto en el ámbito del comercio como en el de los negocios y la investigación.El 80% de la información que aparece en Internet está en este idioma y si vive o tiene pensado trabajar en Estados Unidos, el mercado más rico del mundo, entonces es imprescindible dominar el Idioma Inglés.

Si usted habla inglés, no sólo se abrirán muchas puertas en el trabajo y los negocios, sino que podrá tener acceso a libros especializados, a la Internet, a películas y videos recién salidos al mercado; a los materiales de enseñanza más actualizados concebidos con una didáctica avanzada, propia sólo de los países desarrollados.

El inglés también es una herramienta clave para que sus hijos triunfen en el colegio y una gran ventaja a la hora de emprender una carrera.Por estas y otras razones es que aprender Inglés debe ser la primera inversión que haga todo aquel que tenga sueños e ideales por cumplir. ¡¡ADELANTE SABEMOS QUE PUEDES LOGRARLO!!

II. COMPETENCIAS A DESARROLLAR

A.- COMPETENCIA GENÉRICA:

1

-Escucha, interpreta y emite mensajes pertinentes en distintos contextos mediante la utilización de medios, códigos y herramientas apropiados.

B.- COMPETENCIAS DISCIPLINARES BÁSICAS:-Identifica e interpreta la idea general y posible desarrollo de un mensaje oral o escrito en una segunda lengua, recurriendo a conocimientos previos, elementos no verbales y contexto cultural.

-Se comunica en una lengua extranjera mediante un discurso lógico, oral o escrito, congruente con la situación comunicativa.

III. QUE ESTUDIAR

Vamos a estudiar lo siguiente:

UNIDAD I

1. Enigmas and Misteries

1.1. Dreams and misticism

1.1.1Verbs in past participle

1.1.2 Present Perfect

1.1.2.1 Affirmative Form

1.1.2.2 Negative Form

1.1.2.3 Interrogative Form

1.1.2.4 Short Answers

1.1.2.5 Use of “ever”

1.1.2.6. Use of “for” and“ since”

1.1.2.7 Use of “already” “yet” “just”

1.1.2.8 Questions with “How long?”

UNIDAD II

2. Reafirmemos ideas.

2.1 Hard to believe… isn’t it?

2.1.1 Tag questions

2.1.1.1 To be

2.1.1.2 Present simple.

2.1.1.3 Present continuous

2.1.1.4 Past simple

2.1.1.5 Past continuous

2.1.1.6 Future

UNIDAD III

3. The Time machine

2

3.1 Discoveries Inventions and contemporary problems

3.1.1 . Passive voice

3.1.2. Present tense

3.1.3. Past tense

IV. COMO ESTUDIAR

UNIDAD 1:

VERBOS EN PASADO PARTICIPIO

El pasado participio de los verbos, en español, es el que le da la terminación a los verbos de: ado,

ido, to, so, cho. Se utiliza para estructurar los tiempo perfectos y la voz pasiva. En esta unidad

veremos el tiempo Presente Perfecto.

Ejemplos de presente perfecto en español:

Yo he trabajado Ella ha comido Ellos han escrito Ustedes han hecho

Existen verbos regulares, estos verbos en tiempo pasado y en tiempo pasado participio tienen la

terminación –ed.

Ejemplo:

Presente paint jump close borrow print hate

Pasado Participio

painted jumped closed borrowed printed hated

Existen verbos irregulares, éstos verbos cambian en tiepo pasado y en tiempo pasado participio.

No siguen una regla y por lo tanto no queda otra que memorizarlos.

Ejemplo:

Presente Wake up think eat sleep ring fly

Pasado Participio

Woken up thought eaten slept rung flown

*NOTA: Al final de esta guía se encuentra un listado de los verbos más usados, con su conjugación en

presente, pasado y pasado participio, verbos regulares e irregulares.

Podemos decir que el "participio pasado" es una "forma del verbo" que va acompañada de otro

verbo (un verbo auxiliar) para formar un "tiempo verbal compuesto".

Yo he caminado ("caminado" es el participio del verbo "caminar")

Yo he dormido bien ("dormido" es el participio del verbo "dormir")

Si te fijas bien, en estos ejemplos aparece un verbo auxiliar. En español esos verbos auxiliares son

"ser/estar" o "haber".

En inglés esos verbos auxiliares son el verbo "to be" (ser/estar) y el verbo "have" (haber).

3

Presente Perfecto

Usamos el Presente Perfecto para decir que una acción pasó en un tiempo no específico antes de ahora. El tiempo exacto no es importante. No se puede usar el presente perfecto con una expresión de tiempo definida, tales como, ayer, hace un año, la semana pasada, cuando era niño, cuando vivía en Japón, en ese momento, ese día, un día, etc. Podemos usar el presente perfecto con expresiones no específicas tales como: alguna vez, nunca, una vez, muchas veces, en varias ocaciones, antes, hace tanto, aun, etc.

We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now. The exact time is not important. You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions such as: yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, etc. We CAN use the Present Perfect with unspecific expressions such as: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc.

FORM

[has/have + past participle]

Examples:

You have seen that movie many times. Have you seen that movie many times? You have not seen that movie many times.

Examples:

I have seen that movie twenty times. I think I have met him once before. There have been many earthquakes in California. People have traveled to the Moon. People have not traveled to Mars. Have you read the book yet? Nobody has ever climbed that mountain. A: Has there ever been a war in the United States?

B: Yes, there has been a war in the United States.

Other Examples:

Affirmative sentences:I have cleaned my room.I've cleaned my room.

You have cleaned your room.You've cleaned your room.

Negative sentences:I have not cleaned my room.I've not cleaned my room.I haven't cleaned my room.

You have not cleaned your room.You've not cleaned your room.You haven't cleaned your room.

Questions:

In the Present Perfect we put the auxiliary (have or has) before the subject(Auxiliary - Subject - Verb - Rest). see:

Example:

Have you cleaned the room?

Has she cleaned the room?

4

Revisa las siguientes ligas donde encontrarás varios ejercicios:

http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/present-perfect-simple/exercises?03

http://s.mound.free.fr/skyblues67/presentperfect/presperfect1.htm

http://www.english-grammar-lessons.com/presentperfect/exercise2.swf

http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/present-perfect-simple/exercises

En la siguiente página encontrarás 26 ejercicios sobre presente perfecto, además si cometes

errores en los ejercicios se te notifican tus errores así como en qué estas equivocado.

http://www.agendaweb.org/verbs/present_perfect-exercises.html

*Se adjunta lista de verbos en tiempo presente, pasado y pasado participio.

Unidad 2

TAG QUESTIONS

Use /Uso

frequently used in spoken English when you want s.o. to agree or disagree

Form /Forma o estructura gramatical

Si la oración principal está en positivo (afirmativo) , la tag question estará en el mismo tiempo gramatical pero negativo.

Si la oración principal está en negativo, la tag question estará en el mismo tiempo gramatical pero en forma positive (afirmativa)

positive statement ->question tag negative - You are Tom, aren't you?negative statement->question tag positive - He isn't Joe, is he?

Examples

with auxiliariesYou've got a car, haven't you? (oración en presente perfecto)

without auxiliaries (use: don't, doesn't, didn't)They play football on Sundays, don't they? (oración en presente simple)She plays football on Sundays, doesn't she? (oración en presente simple)They played football on Sundays, didn't they? (oración en pasado simple)We will play football on Sunday, won´t we? (oración en future )

Questions tags are used to keep a conversation going. You can agree or refuse to a sentence with a question tag.

Las tag questions se usan para mantener una conversación. Se puede aceptar o rechazar la pregunta.

You go to school, don't you?You agree. You refuse.Yes, I do. No, I don't.

You aren't from Germany, are you?

5






You agree. You refuse.No, I'm not. Yes, I am.En la siguiente liga encontrarás explicada nuevamente la gramática del presente simple.

http://www.grammar.cl/Intermediate/Question_Tags.htm

En la siguiente liga encontrarás más de 50 ejercicios sobre el presente simple y si te

equivocas se te indicarán tus errores.

http://www.agendaweb.org/grammar/questions_tag-exercises.html

Una liga más con ejercicios de tag question en línea.

http://www.adelescorner.org/grammar/qtags/qtags_positive.html

UNIDAD 3:

VOZ PASIVA

Use of Passive / Uso de la voz pasiva

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.La voz pasiva se usa cuando nos enfocamos más en la acción. No es importante o no se conoce quién o qué hace la acción.

Example: My bike was stolen. Mi bici fue robada.

In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it. // En el ejemplo anterior nos enfocamos en que la bici fue robada. Sin embargo no sabemos quién lo hizo.

Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following example shows. Algunas veces la voz pasiva suena mas amable que la voz active.

Example: A mistake was made. Un error fué hecho.

In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I do not blame anyone (e.g. You have made a mistake.). // En este caso nos centramos en que un error fué cometido pero no se culpa a nadie. (ejem. Tu hiciste un error)

Form of Passive / Forma del Pasivo

Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs)

Example: A letter was written.

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following: // Cuando

reescribimos un enunciado de voz active a voz pasiva, note lo siguiente:

6




the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence

the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)

the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is

dropped)

El objeto directo de la voz active, es el sujeto de la voz pasiva.

El tiempo gramatical es aplicado al verbo to be (verbo ser o estar + participio

pasado)

El sujeto de la voz activa se convierte en el objeto directo de la voz pasiva.

Examples of Passive

Tense Subject Verb Object

Simple Present Active: Ritawrites a letter.

Passive: A letter is written by Rita.

Simple Past Active: Rita wrote a letter.

Passive: A letter was written by Rita.

Present Perfect Active: Rita has written a letter.

Passive: A letter has been written by Rita.

Future I Active: Rita will write a letter.

Passive: A letter will be written by Rita.

Hilfsverben Active: Rita can write a letter.

Passive: A letter can be written by Rita.

Examples of Passive

Tense Subject Verb Object

Present Progressive Active: Ritais writing a letter.

Passive: A letter is being written by Rita.

Past Progressive Active: Rita was writing a letter.

Passive: A letter was being written by Rita.

Past Perfect Active: Rita had written a letter.

Passive: A letter had been written by Rita.

Future II Active: Rita will have written a letter.

Passive: A letter will have been written by Rita.

Conditional I Active: Rita would write a letter.

7

http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive#p0


Passive: A letter would be written by Rita.

Conditional II Active: Rita would have written a letter.

Passive: A letter would have been written by Rita.

Passive Sentences with Two Objects

Rewriting an active sentence with two objects in passive voice means that one of the two objects

becomes the subject, the other one remains an object. Which object to transform into a subject

depends on what you want to put the focus on. // El objeto directo de la voz active se convierte en

el sujeto de la voz pasiva, observa los ejemplos.

Subject Verb Object 1 Object 2

Active: Ritawrote a letter to me.

Passive: A letter was written to me by Rita.

Passive: I was written a letter by Rita.

.

En la siguiente liga encontrarás explicada la gramática de la voz pasiva.

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/passive.htm

Revisa esta otra liga con más de 30 ejercicios sobre la voz pasiva.

http://www.agendaweb.org/verbs/passive-exercises.html


V. DÓNDE ESTUDIAR

Bibliografía y cibergrafía:

English with style 1 – 6. Llanas, Williams. Ed. Mc Millan.

Trends 1- 6. Llanas, Williams. Ed. Mc Millan.

Oxygen 1 y 2. Llanas, Williams. Ed. Mc Millan.

Apuntes del cuaderno de Inglés V, juego de copias de inglés V obtenidos de English with style 6 y

Trends 4.

Ligas:







8














Para mejorar tu inglés, regístrate en Duolingo, una página en la que desarrollarás mejor tus

ahbilidades para hablar y entender el inglés: http://duolingo.com/es


VI. EVALUACIÓN

Contesta a las siguientes preguntas para que evalúes tu grado de conocimientos en los

principales temas de la materia de Inglés VI.

I. Examen para la unidad 1.

Presente Perfecto. Write have or has in the line:1. During the five years, John _______ had fifteen different jobs.2. He ________ worked in banking sector.3. Teddy ________ been a teacher since 2004.4. I ________ been on holiday for six days.5. I and Kate __________ started our own company this year.6. ________ your mother learned how to drive?7. They ___________ never been to Madrid.8. _________ ever met anyone famous?9. We ___________ been married for two years.10. Jude __________ not seen my new dress.

II. Examen para la unidad 2.

Tag Questions. Complete with tag questions.

1. He hasn't got any dogs, he?

2. Marc is good at maths, he?

3. Sue is a beautiful girl, she?

4. They are smart, they?

5. Harry and Sally are in love, they?

6. Charles plays tennis, he?

7. She will come to the party, she?

8. We haven't seen this film, we?

9

http://duolingo.com/es





9. She likes thrillers, she?

10. You are going to London, you?

III. Examen para la unidad 3.

Tag Questions. Complete with tag questions.

That door (paint) yesterday.

2. Michelangelo (paint) the Sistine Chapel.

3. Michael Schumacher (drive) for Ferrari in 2003.

4. In the UK, everyone (drive) on the left.

5. Inter-city trains (usually/drive) by men.

6. The 'La Stampa' newspaper (read) by two million people in Italy.

7. My car (steal)! Call the police!!!!

8. The thieves (steal) the gold last week.

9. The Queen (open) the bridge tomorrow.

10. The bridge (destroy) by the storm last night.

11. I (learn) Japanese when I was in Tokyo.

12. I (teach) by an old Japanese man.

13. This letter (should/type), not handwritten!

14. The new secretary (type) at 100 wpm.

10

* Se adjunta lista de verbos con los verbos en presente, pasado y pasado participio. El pasado participio se usa para el Presente Perfecto (Unidad 2) y Voz Pasiva (Unidad 3)

11

VERBS LISTLEVEL 3

Profra. Liliana Villegas CorralesStudent _______________________________________________________________________

SPANISH PRESENT PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

1. DESPERTARSE WAKE UP WOKE UP WOKEN UP2. LEVANTARSE GET UP GOT UP GOTTEN / GOT

UP3. VESTIRSE GET DRESSED GOT DRESSED GOTTEN / GOT DRESSED

4. LAVARSE LOS DIENTES

WASH YOUR TEETH

WASHED WASHED

5. PEINARSE COMB YOUR HAIR

COMBED YOUR HAIR

COMBED YOUR HAIR

6. DESAYUNAR EAT BREAKFAST

ATE BREAKFAST

EATEN BREAKFAST

7. COMER EAT SUPPER ATE SUPPER EATEN SUPPER8. CENAR EAT DINNER ATE DINNER EATEN DINNER9. VER LA

TELEVISIÓNWATCH TV WATCHED TV WATCHED TV

10. HACER LA TAREA

DO HOMEWORK

DID HOMEWORK

DONE HOMEWORK

11. JUGAR PLAY PLAYED PLAYED12. TRABAJAR WORK WORKED WORKED13. BEBER DRINK DRANK DRUNK14. VER SEE SAW SEEN15. LLEVAR /TOMAR TAKE TOOK TAKEN16. TRAER BRING BROUGHT BROUGHT17. COMPRAR BUY BOUGHT BOUGHT18. REGALAR GIVE GAVE GIVEN19. AYUDAR HELP HELPED HELPED20. MANEJAR DRIVE DROVE DRIVEN21. ROMPER BREAK BROKE BROKEN22. IR GO WENT GONE23. VENIR COME CAME COME24. VOLAR FLY FLEW FLOWN25. SENTIR FEEL FELT FELT26. USAR (ROPA) WEAR WORE WORN27. DORMIR SLEEP SLEPT SLEPT28. PLATICAR TALK TALKED TALKED29. DECIR / CONTAR TELL TOLD TOLD30. ENTENDER UNDERSTAND UNDERSTOOD UNDERSTOOD31. PENSAR EN THINK (OF /

ABOUT)THOUGHT THOUGHT

32. SABER / CONOCER

KNOW KNEW KNOWN

33. BRINCAR JUMP JUMPED JUMPED34. PROBAR

/TRATARTRY TRIED TRIED

35. HACER (MANUAL)

MAKE MADE MADE

36. PRESTAR LEND LENT LENT37. COMPARTIR SHARE SHARED SHARED38. COCINAR COOK COOKED COOKED39. DISCULPARSE APOLOGIZE APOLOGIZED APOLOGIZED40. SER /ESTAR BE WAS / WERE BEEN41. HACER

(MENTAL)DO DID DONE

12

42. TENER HAVE HAD HAD43. REUNIRSE / CONOCER

(GENTE)MEET MET MET

44. USAR / UTILIZAR USE USED USED45. CORTAR CUT CUT CUT46. CORRER RUN RAN RUN47. NADAR SWIM SWAM SWUM48. SENTARSE SIT DOWN SAT DOWN SAT DOWN49. LEVANTARSE STAND UP STOOD UP STOOD UP50. ANDAR EN BICI DRIVE A BIKE DROVE DRIVEN51. PONER / METER PUT PUT PUT52. CAMINAR WALK WALKED WALKED53. ENSEÑAR TEACH TAUGHT TAUGHT54. PERDER LOSE LOST LOST55. APLAUDIR CLAP CLAPPED CLAPPED56. ESCUCHAR A LISTEN TO LISTENED TO LISTENED TO57. CONTESTAR ANSWER ANSWERED ANSWERED58. COLOREAR COLOR COLORED COLORED59. PEGAR

(RESISTOL)PASTE PASTED PASTED

60. CERRAR CLOSE / SHUT CLOSED /SHUTED

CLOSED/SHUTED

61. ABRIR OPEN OPENED OPENED62. SEÑALAR (A) POINT TO POINTED TO POINTED TO63. BAILAR DANCE DANCED DANCED64. MIRAR (A) LOOK AT LOOKED AT LOOKED AT65. OIR HEAR HEARD HEARD66. OLER SMELL SMELT SMELT67. PROBAR

(COMIDA)TASTE TASTED TASTED

68. PROBAR / TRATAR

TRY TRIED TRIED

69. TOCAR TOUCH TOUCHED TOUCHED70. PINTAR PAINT PAINTED PAINTED71. DIBUJAR DRAW DREW DRAWN72. EMPUJAR PUSH PUSHED PUSHED73. JALAR PULL PULLED PULLED74. PRESTAR LEND LENT LENT75. PEDIR PRESTADO BORROW BORROWED BORROWED76. EMPEZAR START STARTED STARTED77. TERMINAR FINISH FINISHED FINISHED78. FUMAR SMOKE SMOKED SMOKED79. PREGUNTAR ASK ASKED ASKED80. VIVIR LIVE LIVED LIVED81. BORRAR ERASE ERASED ERASED82. AMAR LOVE LOVED LOVED83. ODIAR HATE HATED HATED84. ESTUDIAR STUDY STUDIED STIDIED85. GANAR WIN WON WON

13

s20b40bdb2d932b7a.jimcontent.com · web viewel inglés es el idioma más utilizado en el mundo...

Documents