vos in india

8/3/2019 Vos in India

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V O`s in INDIA-Jagdish Solanki Ph.D


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Organization is as old as human society itself. Our

society is an organizational society (presthus,

1978). Our birth, education, prayer, play, leisure time,

economic activities psychological activity, social

behavior culture behavior political behavior etc. are

through and by organizations. Most of us will die in an organization and when

the time comes for burial.

Even the government that the human race hascreated is also a largest organization. Human

civilization depends largely on organization.


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CONCEPT, DEFINITIONS AND CLASSIFICATION OF

VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATION [NGOs]

Lord Beveridge defines VOs as A voluntary organization,properly speaking is an organization which whether itsworkers are paid or unpaid is initiated and governed by itsown members without external control. As quoted by

Chowdhary 1990 a voluntary agency is a group of personswho have organized themselves as a legal corporate body torender social services.

David Sills (1968) defines voluntary organization as a

group of persons organized on the basis of voluntarymembership without state control for the furtherance ofsome common interests of its members.


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Prof. M.R. Inamdar observes A voluntary

organization in development is to be ofdurable use to the community and has to

nurse a strong desire and impulse for

community development among itsmembers to be economically viable to

possess dedicated and hard working

leadership and command resources ofexpertise in the functions undertaken.


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Non Party Political Formation (NPFF ) Grassroots support organizations (GRSOs)

Action Groups (AG).

Not-for-profit Organizations (NFPOs)

Development organizations (DOs)

Indigenous private voluntary organization(IVPOs)

Private voluntary organizations (PVOs)

Voluntary development organizations(VDOs)

Community based organization ( CBOs)


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Characteristics of VOs

It is registered under the Societies

Registration Act,1880,

The Indian Trust Act, 1882,

The Cooperative Societies Act,1904

The Joint Stock Companies Act,1959,

depending upon the nature and scope of itsactivities to give it a legal status with

administrative structure, definite aims,

object and programmes.


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According to Norman Johnson, the main

characteristics of VOs are:

Method of formation, which is voluntary on

the part of a group of people.

Method of government, with self governing

organization to decide on its constitution, its

servicing, it policies and plants.

Method of financing, with at least some of

its revenues drawn from voluntary sources.

Motives with the pursuit of profit included.


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Historical background in India

India has unique and great tradition of

voluntary action, voluntary agencies, social

service, social reform and social work.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1772 1833)

established Brahmo Samaj (Atmiya Sabha)

in the year 1828


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Ishwarchandra Vidhyasagar (1820 1891)

drew the attention of government of India to

pass Hindu widow remarriage Act.

Sasipada Banerjee (1842 1925) : widow

remarriage and womens education.

Keshabchandra Sen (1838 1884) strongly

advocated intercaste marriage, widow

remarriage and removal of purdha system.


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Arya Samaj was found by Swami Dayanand

Sarawati (1824 1883)

Lala Lajpatrai was also responsible forspeed of education.

Mahatma Phule (1827 1888) fought for

the removal of untouchability and welfareof sudras. He founded Satya Sodhak Samaj

in 1873.

Pandit Ramabai (1858-1922) workincessantly for the emancipation of women


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Maharshi karve (1858-1962) devoted his

entire life for the education and

rehabilitation of widows. In1916 Karvewomwnes University was established

A home for widows was started in Madras

in 1898 by Veereshalingam pantulu.Sir Sayyad Ahmedkhan 1817-1899 took

interest in higher education for Muslim girls

and supported modern education and socialreforms for the community.


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Behramji malbari 1853-1912 madesignificant contribution for the welfare of

women or children.Swami Vivekanand 1863-1902 contributed

in making of modern India. The Unitarian

committee (1822), Dharma Samaj (1830),Prarthana Samaj (1864),the nationalCouncil for women in India(1875), Indiansocial conference(1887), Theosophical

movement(1893), RamakrishnaMission(1897) and Anjuman-Himayat-I-Islam were other prominent associations.


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The establishment of the servants of Indiasociety, founded by Gokhale (1866-1915) in

1905 is a land mark in the history of socialwork of the early 20th century.

The enactment of the societies Registration

Act of 1860 is a landmark in the history ofvoluntary organization in India.

The Christian missionaries belonging toseveral congregations like Baptist,

Anglican, Wesleyan and Roman have alsoplayed significant role in the growth ofvoluntary organization in India.


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It was in the beginning of the 20th century Gandhiji

channelzed peoples power at grass root level for

Indias freedom and founded organizations Dr, Bhimrao Ambedkar had also initiated voluntary

action for the cause of depressed classes of India

In 1950 India adopted a democratic and republican

Constitution, with fundamental (Human Rights),

the directive principles of state policy as well. It

had embodied the quintessence of the philosophy of

political, economic and social justice


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From 1951 onwards India launched a series

of Five-Year Plans has part of the strategyfor national development

In the following years the Government ofIndia formulated national polices onpopulation and family planning, CD,Education ; Health ; Housing ; Welfare of

the weaker sections of the population ;Childwelfare Womens development and youthdevelopment etc.


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Today, India has a vigorous NGO sector.

Although there has been no complete

census of NGOs, it is estimated that about25,000 to 30,000 are active in India


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vos in india

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