SEMINARIO TECNOLOGÍAS 4G Y 5G

Msc. Eng. Henry A. Vásquez

.Femtoceldas y small-cells .Interworking: Que es? y como trabaja. - Offloading: Trafico de Datos Móvil a Wi-Fi .Recomendaciones, requerimientos para 5G IMT-2020, Tecnologías potenciales, soluciones. .Aspectos de la Arquitectura de 4G que pueden ser considerados por 5G

Femtocells / small-cells

WIRELESS NETWORK OF THE PRESENT WIRELESS NETWORK OF THE FUTURE . Insufficient Spectrum . Capacity Constrained . Competitive Alternative to Wireline for Some

. Balanced Portfolio of Licensed and Unlicensed Spectrum

. Significantly Greater Capacity

. Competitive Alternative to Wireline for Many

NETWORK DESIGN: • Larger cells on average • Some small cells • Some advanced radio methods • Wi-Fi and cellular mostly operate independently • Limited sharing of spectrum with government • Frequencies: current cellular (600 MHz to 2.5 GHz) • Total spectrum used: approximately 1GHz

NETWORK DESIGN: • Smaller cells on average • Many small cells • Many advanced radio methods (smart antennas, etc.) • Wi-Fi and cellular work together in integrated network • Selective sharing of spectrum with government • Frequencies: current cellular bands and higher frequencies, including mmWave • Total spectrum used: many GHz

Macro Cells Will Continue to Provide Coverage Wi-Fi Adds Capacity but Only in Subset of Coverage Area Small Cells at Higher Frequencies for Capacity

HetNet (Heterogeneous Networks ) Architecture

http://www.3gpp.org/hetnet

Type and applications for Small cells

Source : Small Cell Forum

Type and applications for Small cells

Source : Small Cell Forum

Small cell characteristics resume

Covers all Angles on all use Cases for Small Cells

Source : Small Cell Forum

Covers all Angles on all use Cases for Backhaul Small Cells

Source : Small Cell Forum

Urban Small Cell Backhaul Example Overview

Small Cell & Backhaul Deployment Process

Source : Small Cell Forum PoP : Point of Presence TCO : Total cost of ownership

Interworking - Offloading

How Interworking Works : Four Key Challenges at the Wi-Fi/Cellular boundary

Premature Wi-Fi Selection

3GPP cell

Dat

a R

ate

[Mb

ps]

Distance to cell

Unhealthy choices

Lower capabilities Ping-Pong

3GPP cell

Fiber XDSL (Ex: 10/2 Mbps)

50 vs 2 Mbps)

Home

Office

Private Wi-Fi Public Wi-Fi Cellular

WISP#1

WISP#1

H-PLMN

V-PLMN

Multiple Services Providers

Wi-Fi to Wi-Fi Roaming

Trusted Wi-Fi Offload

Indirect Wi-Fi Offload International

Roaming

Backhaul technologies with varing throughput, latencies, costs etc (Ethernet, DSL, FTTC, FTP)

Multiple Backhaul Providers

802.11 abgn 2.4 Ghz 5 Ghz 2.4 Ghz 802.11n 802.11n 802.11bg

HSPA/HSPA+ LTE Femto

Radio interfaces with varing QoS, security, throughput, admission control capabilities

Multiple Radio Technologies

Multiple Devices Types

Multiple Credentials

Interworking Scenarios Between Mobile and WLAN access

Wireless Internet Service Provider = WISP

How Interworking Works We will focus on discussing how the Wi-Fi protocols will achieve the benefits that are casually mentioned in many industry articles:

How is the network discovery and selection process by a

client device improved? How does a client device or user positively and reliably

identify specific networks and their owners/operators? How does a mobile device or user know about the

roaming partnerships, agreements, and possibly costs associated with a specific Wi-Fi network?

What other contextual insight can a mobile device obtain about each Wi-Fi network, and how does it do so?

How do these protocols fix the many security and privacy problems with today’s Hotspots and public networks?

How will Wi-Fi handle QoS for operator networks? What about emergency services?

The Specification : 802.11u

Before 802.11u

After 802.11u

3GPP: TS 23.402 and TS 33.402

EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol TTLS Tunneled Transport Layer Security AKA Authentication and Key Agreement SIM Subscriber Identity Module

How Interworking Works : Authentication Example

[ TS 33.402 ]

AAA : Authentication, Authorization, Accounting

Offloading : Wi-Fi Mobile

1.Mobile Data Demand Mobile

broadband connections

Mobile broadband

usage x Total mobile

data traffic =

2.Mobile Data Supply Global

installed base

Local installed

base x

Data users / cell sites

Data users penetration / cell sites

Data users consumption/ cell sites

3.Mobile Infrastructure Cost

Wi-Fi outdoor & Indoor locations

Wi-Fi CaPex & OpEx

x Wi-Fi Infrastucture cost

= 4.Savings from Wi-Fi

offload Wi-Fi & LTE costs with

offload

Wi-Fi costs

+ Total mobile data traffic

=

Cost / subscriber /

Gb

Mobile data consumption

x HSPA & LTE costs without offload

HSPA & LTE costs with offload

=

=

HSPA & LTE costs without

offload

- Source: Cisco IBSG, 2013

1) defining the size of the mobile broadband market

2) identifying the required mobile infrastructure to serve projected demand

3) estimating costs to build HSPA, LTE, and Wi-Fi infrastructures

4) estimating savings CaPEX & OpEx from mobile data offload

Offloading : Wi-Fi Mobile Case : Saudi Arabia market

Each offload scenario revealed potential savings. The 30 percent scenario showed that Saudi mobile operators could save up to $901 million by 2017

Sou

rce:

Cis

co IB

SG, 2

01

3

Estimated total HSPA and LTE infrastructure costs for Saudi mobile operators were $3.318 million by 2017. Estimated Wi-Fi infrastructure costs were $94.6 million with 30 percent mobile data offload

Recomendaciones, requerimientos para 5G IMT-2020, Tecnologías potenciales, soluciones

To support user-determined, always-on, on-demand, intelligent and limitless access to mobile broadband applications, the architecture of next-generation networks must support a lower cost per megabyte, as well as being highly scalable and flexible to support a wide range of user requirements. Furthermore, the network must support access to multiple types of content by many different types of device simultaneously. Key to achieving these objectives is reducing network latency to support high-data-rate symmetrical user applications, as well as improving network efficiency so that the right amount of bandwidth is allocated to the right application at the right time.

Source : IMT-2020（5G）Promotion Group

Service Requirements

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Major Challenges of Future IMT Systems

Actual Dimensioning Workflow Example

Future IMT Technology Framework

Technology innovations in areas of wireless transmission and wireless networking (including access network and core network)

Key Technologies

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REQUIREMENTS FOR 5G

USER-DRIVEN REQUIREMENTS

Battery Life Per-user Data Rate and Latency Robustness and Resiliency

Mobility Seamless User Experience Context-Aware Network

NETWORK-DRIVEN REQUIREMENTS

Scalability Network Capacity Cost Efficiency

Automated System Management and Configuration Network Flexibility

Energy Efficiency Coverage Security: Integrity and Confidentiality

Diverse Spectrum Operation Unified System Framework

5G Evolution Concept

3GPP TR 36.932 version 12.1.0 Release 12

5G Evolution Concept

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5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT

DOCOMO’s 5G radio accesss concept

5G Design Principles

5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT

The key radio access technologies to enable 5G radio access concept are as follows: Integration of lower and higher frequency bands o Phantom cell concept (C/U plane split) o Flexible duplex Exploitation of higher frequency bands o Numerology and waveform design o Massive MIMO Further cellular enhancements in lower frequency bands o Non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)

ASPECTS OF 4G NETWORK ARCHITECTURE THAT CAN BE ENHANCED BY 5G

Enhancement of Networking Flexibility

Additional support for essential functions as fundamental attributes of networking layer

Providing more flexible mobility solutions

Expanded form of Multi-RAT integration and management

Enhanced efficiency for short-burst or small-data communication

Expanding context information known to the network

5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT Phantom cell Centralized Radio Access Network (C-RAN)

A single master base station of C-RAN can connect multiple Remote Radio Heads (RRH), so that BTS controls are centralized.

Advanced C-RAN architecture is already in development. The advanced architecture incorporates "Add-on Cell" which uses different frequency ranges to avoid interferences and even supports higher throughput

Advanced C-RAN Architecture

The new technology uses Carrier Aggregation, one of the key features of LTE-Advanced, and is extensible to the maximum downlink throughput of 3Gbps. With the capability to support up to 48 cells, C-RAN paves way for new possibility in mobile broadband.

Carrier Aggregation

Carrier Aggregation

Source : Nokia

Carrier Aggregation

Source : Nokia

Carrier Aggregation

Source : Nokia

Carrier Aggregation

Source : Nokia

Carrier Aggregation

Source : Nokia

5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT

Phantom cell

5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT Phantom cell DOCOMO proposed the concept of "Phantom cell" in the 3GPP RAN workshop on Release 12 and onwards. The concept of the Phantom cell is based on a multi-layer network architecture, wich splits the control (C)-plane and the user data (U)-plane between macro cells and small cells using different frecuency bands

[ 3GPP TR 36.932 ]

5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT

Flexible duplex

5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT

Numerology and waveform design

5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT Numerology and waveform design

5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT Massive MIMO

5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT Non-Ortoghonal Multiple Accces (NOMA)

5G Architecture o Separation of hardware and software o SDN and NFV Flexibility o APIs to support application and service use cases

…physical resources of fixed-mobile converged …

Software Defined Networking D2D Device to Device Network Function Virtualization

5G network slices implemented on the same infrastructure o A "slice "contains all the network functionality to render a specific use case or service - Security, control plane and user plane profiles, traffic profiles, throughput , reliability, latency... o Multiple network slices can be supported simultaneously in the network

5G Spectrum

Source : SKT

5G Spectrum

Source : SKT

5G Spectrum

Source : SKT

Key Capability and Efficiency Requirements

POTENTIAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR 5G Massive MIMO RAN Transmission at Centimeter and Millimeter Waves New Waveforms Shared Spectrum Access Advanced Inter-node Coordination Simultaneous Transmission Reception Multi-RAT Integration and Management Device-to-Device Communications Efficient Small Data Transmission Wireless Backhaul/Access Integration Flexible Networks Flexible Mobility Context Aware Networking Information Centric Networking (ICN) Moving Networks

Filter-Bank Multi-Carrier (FBMC) transmission ADVANCED MULTI-CARRIER TRANSMISSION Universal Filtered Multi-Carrier (UFMC) transmission Generalized Frequency-Division Multiplexing (GFDM)

The ability of both the network and device to use context awareness can help further enhance the user experience

POTENTIAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR 5G Potential key technologies in wireless transmission

Potential key technologies in wireless networking

Aspects of 4G Network Architecture that can be Enhanced by 5G

Ongoing technology trends Improvement dimension Current trends

3GPP Release-12

(Coordinated Multipoint Transmission and Reception )

Self-Organising Network

Network Function Virtualization

Software Defined Networking

Fixed Mobile Convergence

Authentication, Authorization, Accounting

Application Programming Interface

ASPECTS OF 4G NETWORK ARCHITECTURE THAT CAN BE ENHANCED BY 5G

1. Enhancement of Networking Flexibility 2. Additional Support for Essential Functions as Fundamental

Attributes of Networking Layer 3. Providing More Flexible Mobility Solutions 4. Expanded Form of Multi-RAT Integration and Management 5. Enhanced Efficiency for Short-Burst or Small-Data

Communication 6. Expanding Context Information Known to the Network

Advanced Interference Management Massive MIMO Security Modulation Millimeter Wave

Radio

NFV

Security

M2M/IoT

Ubiquitous Storage & Computing

Core Security Context Aware Networking M2M/IoT D2D Apps

Apps

Cloud RAN Flexible Networks M2M/IoT

M2M/IoT World Wide Wireless Web Cloud

Spectrum Lawful Intercept Spectrum Sharing Emergency Services Resillency Regulatory

Modulation Context Aware Networking D2D

Devices IoT intenret of Things D2D Devide to Devide NFV Network Function Virtualization

5G is envisioned to have initial deployments around 2020.

Resume

Thanks

Msc. Eng. Henry A. Vásquez