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¿Qué es un anfibio?

Editors: Brian A. Jerome Ph.D. Stephanie Zak Jerome

Assistant Editors:Lyndsey Tomasi

Louise MarrierMarta Manrique-Gomez

Graphics: Fred Thodal

Guí del profesor

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The purchase of this video program entitles the user the right to reproduce or duplicate, in whole or in part, this teacher’s guide and the black line master handouts for the purpose of teaching in conjunction with this video, What is an Amphibian?. The right is restricted only for use with this video program. Any reproduction or duplication, in whole or in part, of this guide and student masters for any purpose other than for use with this video program is prohibited.

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Copyright © 2011

ISBN 1-59234-681-3

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A Message from our Company

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Student Learning Objectives

Assessment

Introducing the Program

Key Vocabulary

Program Viewing Suggestions

Video Script

Literature Connections

Answer Key to Student Assessments

Answer Key to Student Activities

What Do You Know Now?

What Have You Learned?

Video Review

Video Quiz

Word Find

Salamanders vs. Frogs

Metamorphosis

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Student Learning ObjectivesUpon viewing the video and completing the enclosed student activities, students will be able to do the following:

This post assessment can be utilized as an assessment tool following student completion of the program and student activities. The results of this assessment can be compared against the results of the preliminary assessment to assess student progress.

This preliminary assessment is an assessment tool designed to gain an understanding of students’ preexisting knowledge. It can also be used as a benchmark upon which to assess student progress based on the objectives stated on the previous pages.

AssessmentWhat Do You Know Now? (p. 10):

Video Review (p. 12):

What Have You Learned? (p. 11):

The Video Review can be used as an assessment tool or as a student activity. There are two sections. The first part contains questions displayed during the program. The second part consists of a five-question video quiz to be answered at the end of the video.

• Understand that amphibians such as frogs have the ability to live on land and swim in the water.• Explain that camouflage is the ability of an animal to blend in with its surroundings. This often prevents dangerous predators from seeing them.• Differentiate between a frog, toad and salamander.• Explain that amphibians possess the following characteristics: backbone, cold-blooded, ability to breathe through moist skin, a life that begins when eggs hatch in water, ability to go through metamorphosis and then live on land later in life.• Define metamorphosis as the process of an animal changing form during its life.• State that most amphibians spend the first part of their lives in water and have the ability to live on land later in life.• Describe the main stages in the metamorphosis of a frog.

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Introducing the Program

Program Viewing SuggestionsThe student master “Video Review” is provided (p. 12) for distribution to students. You may choose to have your students complete this Master while viewing the program or do so upon its conclusion.

The program is approximately 10 to 12 minutes in length and includes a five-question video quiz. Answers are not provided to the Video Quiz in the video, but are included in this guide on page 9. You may choose to grade student quizzes as an assessment tool or to review the answers in class.

The video is content-rich with numerous vocabulary words. For this reason you may want to periodically stop the video to review and discuss new terminology and concepts.

Before having your students view the video obtain an image of a tadpole and show it to your students. Ask them what this animal is commonly called. Write the word “tadpole” on the board. Then ask students what type of vertebrate animal it is. In other words is it a fish, amphibian, reptile, bird, insect, or mammal? Surprisingly, tell them it is not a fish but an amphibian. Write the term “amphibian” on the board.

Next, show students an image of an adult frog. Explain to students that the adult frog was once a tadpole. Explain that most amphibians begin the early part of their lives in water, but then go through physical changes that enable them to live on land. Metamorphosis is the process by which animals go through physical changes as they grow older. Write the term “metamorphosis” on the board. Tell students to pay close attention to the video to learn more about the process of metamorphosis and amphibians.

Amphibian Backbone Camouflage Cold-blooded Frog Gills Metamorphosis Tadpole Toad Salamander

Key Vocabulary

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Video Script 1. If you’ve ever been startled by a frog jumping into a pond,

2. ... seen a bright orange newt while walking in the woods, 3. ...or seen a toad hopping in the garden, then you’ve had first hand experience with a group of animals called amphibians.4. What exactly are amphibians? 5. What do they look like? 6. What are some of the different types of amphibians? 7. How do they change throughout their lives? 8. And what makes an amphibian an amphibian? 9. During the next few minutes we’re going to answer these questions as we explore the fascinating features of amphibians. 10. Graphic Transition – Amphibians Around Us11. If you’ve ever walked along the edge of a wetland, a stream, or a pond you may have seen animals like these called frogs.12. Frogs are examples of amphibians. They have the ability to live on land, 13. ...and they can swim in the water. 14. Brown colored toads, which are also amphibians, look similar to frogs but they live mostly on land. 15. Toads have drier, bumpy skin. 16. Notice how well this toad blends in with its surroundings. 17. Camouflage is the ability of an animal to blend in with its surroundings. This often prevents dangerous predators from seeing them. 18. In the moist tropics there are thousands of different kinds of frogs and toads. 19. Some even have poisonous skin. In some cultures people rub arrow tips on the poisonous skin. These arrow tips are used to paralyze prey when hunting. 20. This amphibian is a salamander.21. You Observe! Describe the body of this salamander.22. This salamander has a long, slender body with a tail. 23. Some salamanders live most of their lives in water, 24. ...while others such as this colorful, adult newt live mostly on land. 25. Graphic Transition – What are Amphibians?26. What makes an amphibian an amphibian?

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Video Script27. First, amphibians are animals that have backbones. Their backbone consists of many smaller connected bones that contain nerves that control movement and other body activities. 28. Amphibians are also cold-blooded, but their blood isn’t really cold all the time. Their blood temperature goes go up and down with the surrounding temperature. 29. This is why amphibians that live in cold climates must hibernate in winter. 30. You Observe! Describe the skin of this frog.31. The skin of this frog is smooth and moist. 32. Most amphibians have the ability to breathe through their smooth, moist, thin skin. 33. Another amazing characteristic of amphibians is that they live part of their life in the water… 34. … and part of their life on land. 35. In order to do this amazing thing their bodies change form. 36. Graphic Transition – Metamorphosis in Amphibians 37. Have you ever seen an animal like this swimming in a pond? 38. Believe it or not, it’s not a fish but an amphibian. 39. It’s the larval form of a frog commonly called a tadpole.40. Most amphibians go through dramatic changes in form throughout their lives. 41. In fact, the word “amphibian” means double life. 42. You Decide! Where do amphibians begin their lives?43. Amphibians spend the first part of their lives in water. They often spend the second part of their lives on land. 44. As amphibians grow older they go through metamorphosis. Metamorphosis is the process of an animal changing its form as it gets older. 45. The life of amphibians begins with eggs developing in water. 46. From each egg emerges a legless tadpole. 47. To breathe in water tadpoles have special structures called gills.48. As the tadpole matures it forms legs, and the tail begins to disappear. 49. Eventually sac-like lungs start to develop inside the tadpole, and gills begin to disappear.

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Video Script50. When the legs and lungs are fully developed the frog can live on land. 51. Graphic Transition – Video Review52. During the past few minutes we’ve explored some of the interesting features of amphibians. 53. We began by investigating some of the different kinds of amphibians. 54. Then we discussed some basic characteristics common to amphibians, answering the question – what makes an amphibian an amphibian. 55. Last, we explored the fascinating process of metamorphosis by looking at a common amphibian, a frog,… 56. …rounding out our discussion of the fascinating features of amphibians. 57. Graphic Transition – Video Quiz58. Fill in the correct word to complete the sentence. 1. This is an amphibian called a ______. 2. Most amphibians can breathe through their thin ______. 3. Most amphibians begin their lives in _______. 4. This is an amphibian called a ______. 5. _________ is the process of an animal changing form as it grows older.

Pfeffer, Wendy. From Tadpole to Frog. New York: Collins, 1994.Literature Connections

Sill, Cathryn P. About Amphibians: A Guide for Children. New York: Peachtree Publishers, 2004.

Anderson, Judith. Once There Was a Tadpole. New York: Barron’s Educational Series, 2010.

Himmelman, John. A Salamander’s Life. Connecticut: Children’s Press, 1998.

Lamstein, Sarah Marwil. Big Night for Salamanders. New York: Boyds Mills Press, 2010.

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Clave de respuestas a las preguntas de evaluación de los estudiantes¿Qué sabes ahora? (pág. 10) ¿Qué has aprendido? (pág. 11)

Revisión del video (pág. 12)

Clave de respuestas a las actividades del estudianteSopa de letras (pág. 13)

Las salamandras versus las ranas (pág. 14)

Metamorfosis (pág. 15)

1. agua 2. camuflaje 3. salamandras 4. sangre fría 5. piel 6. patas 7. metamorfosis 8. renacuajo 9. respira debajo del agua10. pulmones

1. piel 2. respira debajo del agua 3. patas 4. camuflaje 5. pulmones 6. sangre fría 7. agua 8. metamorfosis 9. renacuajo10. salamandras

1. Esta salamandra tiene un cuerpo largo y resbaladizo con un rabo. 2. La piel de esta rana es suave y húmeda.3. Los anfibios pasan la primera parte de sus vidas en el agua. Con frecuencia pasan la segunda parte de sus vidas sobre la tierra.

1. salamandra2. piel 3. agua 4. sapo5. metamorfosis

1. Las salamandras y las ranas comienzan sus vidas en el agua. Según crecen atraviesan por un proceso llamado metamorfosis. Cuando llegan a ser adultos tienen pulmones y pueden vivir sobre la tierra. Ambas son vertebradas y son de sangre fría.2. A diferencia de las ranas, las salamandras tienen cuerpos largos y delgados. Las salamandras también tienen colas. Las ranas solamente tienen colas durante su desarrollo temprano. Cuando llegan a ser adultos, las ranas tienen patas muy fuertes que les permiten saltar.

Mini-prueba del video (pág. 12)

Los huevos son pequeñas estructuras redondas, que frecuencia tienen una pequeña mancha en el centro.

El renacuajo con patas debería ser similar al renacuajo en estado de larva, pero tiene dos pequeñas patas justo antes de la base de la cola.

¿Qué sabes ahora?

La mayoría de los anfibios pasa la primera parte de sus vidas dentro del: aire agua hierba árboles

La capacidad que tiene un animal de mezclarse con sus alrededores se llama: camuflaje escondite adaptación hibernación

Los anfibios con cuerpos largos y resbaladizos y colas son las: ranas sapos serpientes salamandras

Los anfibios tiene una columna vertebral y son: de sangre caliente mamíferos de sangre fría invertebrados

La mayoría de los anfibios adultos tienen la capacidad de respirar a través de su delgada y húmeda: piel branquias nariz pulmones

Marca el círculo al lado de la respuesta correcta.

Una rana adulta tiene la capacidad de saltar con sus potentes: patas aletas branquias cola

La mayoría de los anfibios atraviesan por dramáticos cambios en sus vidas a los que se conoce como el proceso de: cambio metamorfosis alteración crecimiento La forma larval de una rana es comúnmente conocida como : pez reptil huevo renacuajo

¿Cuál es la función de las branquias en el renacuajo? respirar debajo del agua respirar sobre la tierra digerir la comida pampear la sangre Los anfibios adultos pueden respirar a través de su piel o con unas estructuras con forma de saco llamadas: branquias estómagos pulmones narices

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Visual Learning Company 10¿Qué es un anfibio?

Nombre:

¿Qué has aprendido?Marca el círculo al lado de la respuesta correcta.

La mayoría de los anfibios adultos tienen la capacidad de respirar a través de su delgada y húmeda: piel branquias nariz pulmones

¿Cuál es la función de las branquias en el renacuajo? respirar debajo del agua respirar sobre la tierra digerir la comida pampear la sangre

Una rana adulta tiene la capacidad de saltar con sus potentes: patas aletas branquias cola

La capacidad que tiene un animal de mezclarse con sus alrededores se llama: camuflaje escondite adaptación hibernación

Los anfibios adultos pueden respirar a través de su piel o con unas estructuras con forma de saco llamadas: branquias estómagos pulmones narices

Los anfibios tiene una columna vertebral y son: de sangre caliente mamíferos de sangre fría invertebrados La mayoría de los anfibios pasa la primera parte de sus vidas dentro del: aire agua hierba árboles

La mayoría de los anfibios atraviesan por dramáticos cambios en sus vidas a los que se conoce como el proceso de:

cambio metamorfosis alteración crecimiento La forma larval de una rana es comúnmente conocida como : pez reptil huevo renacuajo

Los anfibios con cuerpos largos y resbaladizos y colas son las: ranas sapos serpientes salamandras

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Visual Learning Company 11¿Qué es un anfibio?

Nombre:

Describe el cuerpo de esta salamandra.

Este es un anfibio llamado _______________.

Muchos anfibios pueden resprar a través de su delgada _______________.

Muchos anfibios comienzan sus vidas en _______________.

Este es anfibio llamado _______________.

_______________ es el proceso en el que un animal cambia de forma con-forme envejece.

Escribe la palabra correcta para completar la oración.

Mira el video y responde a la siguientes preguntas.

Describe la piel de esta rana.

Revisión del video

Tú observa.

Tú observa.

1.2.3.4.5.

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Mini-prueba del video

¿Dónde comienzan su vida los anfibios?Tú decide.3.

Visual Learning Company 12¿Qué es un anfibio?

Nombre:

Sopa de letras

Escribe tres oraciones sobre los anfibios usando el vocabulario de la lista de arriba en el espacio provisto más abajo.

Encuentra las siguientes palabras de vocabulario en el puzle de abajo:

ANIFIBIO CAMUFLAGE RANA BRANQUIAS METAMORFOSIS RENACUAJO SAPO SALAMANDRA

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W Q A P M E T A M O R F O S I S

V A F S P R X F B A I U T V X A

P B S C W E N P L R A O E P R L

A R Q E C N G R O N D A P L T A

M A D F C A M U F L A G E Z H M

K N U M N C N G Y N E P Z S C A

E Q M S U U S R N T A T I A N N

I U L K J A R A N A H O S P S D

Y I G Y S J L B W Q I G X O X R

F A H P Q O R S V Z L N M T T A

Q S D A M B A N I F I B I O M R

Visual Learning Company 13¿Qué es un anfibio?

Nombre:

Responde a las siguientes preguntas sobre las ranas y las salamandras con oraciones completas.

Salamandras versus ranas

1. Escribe tres oraciones para describir las similitudes entre la salamandra y la rana.

2. Escribe tres oraciones para describir las diferencias entre la rana y la salamandra.

Visual Learning Company 14¿Qué es un anfibio?

Nombre:

La metamorfosis

Debajo hay imágenes de dos de las etapas por las que atraviesan las ranas en la metamorfosis. Dibuja las dos etapas que faltan.

La mayoría de los anfibios atraviesan por grandes cambios en su forma a lo largo de sus vidas. De hecho, la palabra “anfibio” significa doble vida. Los anfibios pasan la primera parte de sus vidas dentro del agua. Con frecuencia pasan la segunda parte de sus vidas sobre la tierra. El crecimiento de los anfibios va acompañado del proceso de la metamorfosis. La metamorfosis es el proceso por el que un animal cambia su forma y envejece. La vida de los anfibios comienza con los huevos que se desarrollan dentro del agua. De cada huevo sale un renacuajo sin patas. Para respirar dentro del agua los renacuajos tiene unas estructuras especiales llamadas branquias. A medida que el renacuajo madura va formando patas y el rabo comienza a desaparecer. Eventualmente comienzan a desarrollarse dentro de él pulmones en forma de saco y las branquias comienzan a desaparecer. A partir de ese momento, puede vivir sobre la tierra.

Renacuajo

Huevos

Renacuajo con patas

Rana adulta

Visual Learning Company 15¿Qué es un anfibio?

Nombre: