SOLAR CAR

Group InformationLeader of project : Esmanizam Esmali Eusaini Bin

Mohd Amir

Members Haikal Amir Firdaus Amin Ikhwan

Mira Mimi Shahida Nadhira Farhana Madihah Maslina

Introduction Objectives

to make the model solar car by following the scientific theory.

to make a sturdy and robust solar car to make a fast model solar car

SCIENTIFIC THEORY1. How solar panel works?

2. Gear Transmission

The spinning of shaft at motor will make the small gear spin.The small gear is attached to big gear (wheel’s gear)The big gear is attached to wheel. Therefore the wheel will spin.

Friction keeps two things that must roll against each other from slipping. The type of friction is also called "traction," and is important to build wheels.

5. Weight The mass of car must be small enough

to make the car move forward and less power use to move it

4. Tire Traction

5. Weight

The mass of car must be small enough to make the car move forward and less power use to move it

The axle is the component on which the wheel turns. It must be strong, straight and polished to reduce friction losses

The larger the diameter of the axle the farther away from the center they contact the bearings.

6. Axle

The power coming out of the solar panel is the product of the voltage and the number of electrons flowing (the current):

Power = Voltage x Current If more sunlight hits the solar panel,

more electrons are knocked away from atoms in the solar panel and more current is then produced

7. Maximizing Power

To maximize power, we have to put weight on car at the back.

Fast cars are shaped so that, when moving quickly, they can cut more easily through the air

Aerodinamic can reduce the force of air on solar car.

8. Aerodinamics

Solar car specification

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Solar Cell

motor

1. ARRANGEMENT OF SOLAR CELL

Series circuit to have larger voltage and more power

2. AERODINAMIC DESIGN

Fast cars are shaped so that, when moving quickly, they can cut more easily through the air.

3. RATIO OF GEARS

1. Small Gear: 20 teeth, Big Gear: 40 teeth Ratio, r= 20:40 or 1:22. Speed by rpm wd = wm/r = 4400/2 wd = 2200 rpm3. Circumference of wheels

Wm=10 cm Wd= 5 cm

4. Speed of wheels= 200 cms-1 by trial result.

The body made by bottle,cardboard and styrofoam because they can reduce weight.

The chasis made by cardboard/styrofoam because they are stiffness

Axle made by steel because it hard and can maintain the bearing.

4. MATERIAL

5. TYRES

Traction is important for transmitting the forces from the wheels to the road Traction can increased by adding a non-slip material around the wheels (like a tire).Efficiency increased by thin and light weights of tyresThe best tyres are made by rubber.

DESIGNA) HEIGHT = 8 cmB) WIDTH = 8 cmC) MASS = 200 gm

TRIAL RESULTA) DATE: 3 May 2011,B) Distance : 5 m

Time Brightness Speedcms-1

10 am Bright 1012 pm Brightest 100

4 pm Brighter 50

CONCLUSION The fast solar car must consider the

following aspects : Ratio of gear and wheels Aerodinamic design Weight of car friction

The car moves fastest at noon because the light is too bright compare the other time.