INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTINGPRESENTATION # 1

Name: Amara JamalERP ID :- 09894

CPU-CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (THE BUILDING BLOCK OF COMPUTER)

CPU is the main component of a computer, as we can’t be alive without our heart similarly a computer cannot work without a CPU.

CPU is a piece of hardware that carries out instructions of a computer program.

CPU it-self has a lot of circuitry in it which enables it to work.

The internal structure of CPU and its processing is defined as under:-

INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF CPU-CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT:-

MAIN COMPONENTS:-

CPU is based on 3 basic and important units, which are as follows:-

CONTROL UNI(CU):-1) It is a very important unit as it controls massive

things.2) It is used for sending commands /signals to other

components of the system.3) Its main function is to carry out instructions and

tell a computer system what to do.

MAIN COMPONENTS:-

ARITHMETIC AND LOGIC UNIT (ALU):-1)Computer performs calculations because of ALU.2)Computer’s calculator is a part of CPU which is known s ALU.3)It performs arithmetic calculations and data manipulationsEXAMPLES:- Sorting, Comparisons, Combining, Solving and many more.

MAIN COMPONENTS:-

MEMORY UNIT (MU):-1)The function of memory unit is to hold data and instructions which are currently in use, these are then stored/kept in the memory or main store.2) There are two types of computer memory RAM and ROM.RAM:-RAM stands for Random Access Memory. The programs can be altered & reprogrammed in it . When we switch a computer off, whatever is stored in the RAM gets erased.ROM:-ROM stands for Read Only Memory. The programs cannot be altered & reprogrammed in it .The data is stored even when the computer is switched off.

BUILDING BLOCKS OF A CPU-CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT:-

1)MICROPROCESSOR:-*CPU consists of many separate parts but since 1970s they all have been constructed as a single (non-segregated) unit called Microprocessor.*In the world of PCs the terms microprocessor and CPU are used interchangeably.*It sits on the heart of all PCs and most work-stations.*Its main function is to control the logic of almost all the digital devices from clock and radio to fuel-injection system.

BUILDING BLOCKS OF A CPU-CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT:-

MOTHERBOARD:-*It is the main circuit board of a computer.*Motherboard is used for keeping all the parts of the computer together.* The motherboard is the piece of computer hardware and is also called as the backbone of the PC.*All the things which we see like sound and video cards , CPU, hard drives, memory and other devices are connected to motherboard directly or through cables.

BUILDING BLOCKS OF A CPU-CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT:-

TRANSISTORS:-*The structure of transistors are like tiny switches.*CPU transistors are the important components of a computer.*A transistor is a semiconducting device that switches and amplifies electronic signals.*Transistors where the replacement of vacuum tubes in electronic devices.* A CPU transistor is a part of an integrated circuit.

END OF PRESENTATION