instrumentos para promover la cooperacion empresarial en españa(es)/ instruments to promote the...

7/31/2019 Instrumentos para promover la cooperacion empresarial en Espaa(Es)/ Instruments to promote the business coop

1/75

HBQZ\SGCBZKQ TM\M T\KGKUC\ IMAKKTC\MAHKB CGT\CQM\HMI CB CQTMM

QHZSMAHKB MAZSMI X TC\QTCAZHUMQ JCESZS\K

QCTZHCGL\C


2/75

HBJHAC

=" HBZ\KJSAAHB""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""1


3/75

3" AKBAISQHKBCQ"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" 3?

3"=" Msqcbahm jc asizs|m jc akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi cb imqcgt|cqmq cqtmkimq""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""3?

3"


4/75

=" HBZ\KJSAAHB

Im Jh|caahb Ocbc|mi jc Tkizham jc im Tc}scm x Gcjhmbm Cgt|cqm(JOTXGC) akbqahcbzc jc }sc im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi akbqzhzsxc sbmlscbm cqz|mzcohm tm|m im hbzc|bmahkbmihvmahb jc bscqz|mq TXGC) akbqhjc|akbucbhcbzc mbmihvm| imq mazsmahkbcq x t|ko|mgmq }sc cphqzcb tm|m t|kgkuc|im)mq akgk qs cehahcbahm) x jczc|ghbm| cb akbqcascbahm qh cq k bk bcacqm|hkmakgczc| bscumq maahkbcq cb cqzc glhzk"

Cqzm hbhahmzhum akhbahjh akb sbm tmsimzhbm t|jhjm jc a|cjhlhihjmj jc ikqt|ko|mgmq jc akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi tk| tm|zc jc im Akghqhb Cs|ktcm) zmbzkjc ikq t|ko|mgmq jc cbascbz|kq cgt|cqm|hmicq Cs|ktm|zcbm|hmz) Hbzc|t|hqc c

HLCP) akgk jc imq mbzhosmq |cjcq jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq L\C x LABCZ }sc)ehbmigcbzc) qc ac||m|kb cb jhahcgl|c jc


5/75

ocbc|mi) cqzc zhtk jc hbhahmzhumq kb ihbc qscic akbiicum| sbm qc|hc jc qc|uhahkqmqkahmjkq }sc akgticgcbzmb im t|kthm lq}scjm jc qkahkq"

Tk| kz|m tm|zc `mx }sc jhec|cbahm| cbz|c im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi asxkklfczhuk cq im gc|m akgt|m'ucbzm jc lhcbcq x qc|uhahkq x im }sc tc|qhosc kz|kzhtk jc klfczhukq jc akgc|ahmihvmahb gq akgticfm) ehbmbahc|kq) zabhakq x jct|kjsaahb= ') }sc) tk| ik ocbc|mi) qscic qc| jc akbqcasahb gq akgtihamjm)|c}sh|hcbjk) cbz|c kz|kq mqtcazkq) jc sb akbzmazk tc|qkbmi cbz|c ikq tkqhlicqqkahkq" M ik im|ok jci t|cqcbzc cqzsjhk bkq |cec|hgkq m im t|hgc|m akgkakktc|mahb akgc|ahmi) ghcbz|mq }sc im qcosbjm |cqtkbjc| mi bkgl|c jcakktc|mahb bk akgc|ahmi"

Jcehbhjkq ikq z|ghbkq lqhakq) ci t|cqcbzc cqzsjhk qc acbz|m| cb ci mbihqhq jcim qhzsmahb mazsmi jc im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi cb Cqtmm) `mahcbjk cqtcahmi

`hbamth cb imq timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq x qsq am|mazc|qzhamq)akgticzmbjk cqzm hbek|gmahb akb ci cqzsjhk jc imq }sc qc cbascbz|mbktc|mzhumq cb asmz|k tmqcq cs|ktckq (E|mbahm) Micgmbhm) Hzmihm x Tkikbhm)qcicaahkbmjkq jc masc|jk m a|hzc|hkq }sc cqtcaheham|cgkq gq mjcimbzc"

Z|mq jczc|ghbm| ci klfczhuk tc|qcoshjk x im gczkjkikom jcqm||kiimjm tm|mmiambvm|ik) tmqm|cgkq m cptkbc| ikq |cqsizmjkq jc bscqz|k mbihqhq) zmbzk cb ci|cm jc imq maahkbcq jc akktc|mahb z|mjhahkbmicq) akgk cb im jc im|cimahkbmjm akb im akktc|mahb lmqmjm cb imq zcabkikomq jc im hbek|gmahb)tm|m ehbmigcbzc cghzh| sbmq akbaisqhkbcq lmqmjmq cb jha`kq |cqsizmjkq"

=

Kz|kq zhtkq jc akktc|mahb akgc|ahmijc gq akgticfm akbqcasahb6 Ehbmbahc|m6 Zabham x t|kjsaahb6

' Jhqz|hlsahb |cat|kam jc t|kjsazkq

' E|mb}shahm

' Gm|nczhbo+t|kgkahb

' Akktc|mahb ikoqzham

' Fkhbz Ucbzs|c

' Esqhb

'Mj}shqhahb

' Tm|zhahtmahb cb amthzmi

' Z|mbqec|cbahm jc nbkw'`kw x zcabkikom

' Akktc|mahb zcabkioham

' H.J

'Masc|jk jc t|kjsaahb |cat|kam

' Qslakbz|mzmahb

' Ihacbahmq jc eml|hamahb

Qhzsmahb jc imq maahkbcq tm|m t|kgkuc| im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi" :Tc|qtcazhumq jc eszs|k


6/75


7/75

1" GCZKJKIKOM

Cb cqzm tm|zc jci hbek|gc umgkq m jczmiim| im gczkjkikom cgticmjm tm|mklzcbc| im hbek|gmahb }sc `m tc|ghzhjk |cmihvm| ci t|cqcbzc cqzsjhk" Umgkq mjczc|ghbm| }s a|hzc|hkq qc qhoshc|kb tm|m hjcbzheham| m ikq k|ombhqgkqhbukisa|mjkq cb im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi) zmbzk cb Cqtmm akgk cb cicpz|mbfc|k) agk qc hbjmo cb qsq mazhuhjmjcq akzhjhmbmq x agk qc t|kacjh m|cakthim| im hbek|gmahb jc hbzc|q m z|muq jc sbm cbz|cuhqzm tc|qkbmihvmjm xjc kz|kq hbqz|sgcbzkq akgticgcbzm|hkq"

Bk klqzmbzc) jmjk }sc ci mbihqhq akgt|cbjh sb gmxk| o|mjk jc jczmiic cbCqtmm }sc cb ci cpz|mbfc|k) `cgkq jhec|cbahmjk cbz|c k|ombhqgkq cqtmkicq x

cpz|mbfc|kq) zmi x akgk qc cqtcaheham cb ci qhoshcbzc bjhac) }sc oshm| cit|cqcbzc mtm|zmjk jc Gczkjkikom"

1"=" K|ombhqgkq cqtmkicq1"="=" Qcicaahb c hjcbzhehamahb jc k|ombhqgkq1"="


9/75

Hjcbzhehamahb jc ikq k|ombhqgkq

K|ombhqgkq jc t|kgkahb cgt|cqm|hmiJc glhzk bmahkbmi

K|ombhqgkq akbzmazmjkqHbqzhzszk Cqtmki jc Akgc|ahk Cpzc|hk|

Akbqcfk Qstc|hk| jc Agm|mq

Akbecjc|mahb Cqtmkim jc K|ombhvmahkbcq Cgt|cqm|hmicq (ACKC

Akbecjc|mahb Cqtmkim jc im Tc}scm x Gcjhmbm Cgt|cqm (ACTXGC

Mqkahmahb Bmahkbmi jc Acbz|kq Cs|ktckq jc Cgt|cqmq c Hbbkumahb Cqtmkicq (MBACQ

Mqkahmahb jc Tm|}scq Zcabkiohakq x Ahcbzehakq (MTZC

Esbjmahb Sbhuc|qhjmj Cgt|cqmq

Ikq k|ombhqgkq }sc ehos|mb cb as|qhum `mb qhjk akbzmazmjkq tk| asgtih| akb um|hkq jc ikqa|hzc|hkq mbzc|hk|gcbzc cqtcahehamjkq" Mq) ci Akbqcfk Qstc|hk| jc Agm|mq esc akbzmazmjk akgkk|ombhqgk jc t|kgkahb cgt|cqm|hmi jc glhzk bmahkbmi x akgk Cs|k Hbek Acbz|k"

MBACQ) }sc esc akbzmazmjk akgk k|ombhqgk jc glhzk bmahkbmi) acbz|m im gmxk| tm|zc jc qsmazhuhjmj cb ci glhzk |cohkbmi) tk| ik }sc qc| aimqhehamjk cb cqzm cqec|m akb tkqzc|hk|hjmj"

Jc glhzk |cohkbmi

K|ombhqgkq akbzmazmjkqHbqzhzszk jc Ekgcbzk jc Mbjmisam (HEM

MbjmisamAkgc|ahmihvmjk|m jc T|kjsazkq Mbjmisacq (A jc M

Hbqzhzszk M|mokbq jc Ekgcbzk (HMEM|mob

Qkahcjmj Hbqz|sgcbzmi tm|m im T|kgkahb jci Akgc|ahk M|mokbq (QHTAM

Hbqzhzszk jc Jcqm||kiik Cakbghak jci T|hbahtmjk jc Mqzs|hmq (HJCTMMqzs|hmqMqkahmahb jc Cptk|zmjk|cq Mqzs|hmbkq(CPTK\ZMQZS\

Lmicm|cq Hbqzhzsz jHbbkumah Cgt|cqm|hmi jc icq Hiicq Lmicm|q (HJCJh|caahb Ocbc|mi jc T|kgkahb Cakbgham jci oklhc|bk jc Ambm|hmq

Ambm|hmqT|kgkahkbcq Cpzc|hk|cq jc Ambm|hmq (T\KCPAM

Ambzml|hm Qkahcjmj tm|m ci Jcqm||kiik \cohkbmi jc Ambzml|hm (QKJC\AMBAkbqk|ahk jc T|kgkahb Akgc|ahmi jc Amzmism (AKTAM

AmzmismT|kgkzk|m jCptk|zmahkbq Amzmimbcq (T\KJCAM

Mocbahm jc Jcqm||kiik Cakbghak jc Amqzhiim x Icb (MJCAmqzhiim x Icb

Cptk|zmahkbcq jc Amqzhiim x Icb (CPAMI

Amqzhiim'Im Gmba`m Jh|caahb Ocbc|mi jc Jcqm||kiik Hbjsqz|hmi akbqcfc|m jc Hbjsqz|hm x Z|mlmfk jc Amqzhiim'Im Gmba`mHbqzhzszk jc im Tc}scm Gcjhmbm Cgt|cqm Umicbahmbm (HGTHUM

Akgsbhjmj UmicbahmbmHbqzhzszk Umicbahmbk jc im Cptk|zmahb (HUCP

Cpz|cgmjs|m Ekgcbzk jc Gc|amjkqHbqzhzszk Omiicok jc T|kgkahb Cakbgham (HOMTC

Omihahm

EHKOM (Esbjmahb tm|m imq Hbuc|qhkbcq jc K|hocb Omiicok &Im \hkfm Mocbahm jc Jcqm||kiik Cakbghak jc im \hkfm (MJC\Gmj|hj Hbqzhzszk Gmj|hick jc Jcqm||kiik (HGMJCGs|ahm Hbqzhzszk jc Ekgcbzk jc im \cohb jc Gs|ahm (HBEKBmum||m Jh|caahb Ocbc|mi jc Hbjsqz|hm Jctm|zmgcbzk jc Akgc|ahk) Zs|hqgk x Z|mlmfk

Qkahcjmj tm|m im T|kgkahb x \cakbuc|qhb Hbjsqz|hmi (QT\HTmq Umqak

Jhtszmahb Ek|mi jc Lhvnmhm

Ci Hbqzhzszk M|mokbq jc Ekgcbzk (HME esc akbzmazmjk akgk k|ombhqgk jc t|kgkahb cgt|cqm|hmi jc glhzk|cohkbmi x ghcgl|k jc im |cj jc Oiklmi Z|mjc Tkhbzq jc imq Bmahkbcq Sbhjmq" Bk klqzmbzc) acq qs mazhuhjmj akgkhbzc|gcjhm|hk jc jha`m |cj cb ci as|qk jc im cimlk|mahb jci t|cqcbzc cqzsjhk"

Ci Hbqzhzszk jc Jcqm||kiik Cakbghak jci T|hbahtmjk jc Mqzs|hmq (HJCTM) im Jh|caahb Ocbc|mi jc T|kgkahbCakbgham jci Oklhc|bk jc Ambm|hmq) im Qkahcjmj tm|m ci Jcqm||kiik \cohkbmi jc Ambzml|hm (QKJC\AMB) ci HbqzhzszkGmj|hick jc Jcqm||kiik (HGMJC esc|kb akbzmazmjkq akgk k|ombhqgkq jc t|kgkahb cgt|cqm|hmi jc glhzk|cohkbmi x akgk Cs|k Hbek Acbz|kq"

Ci Hbqzhzszk jc Ekgcbzk jc im \cohb jc Gs|ahm esc akbzmazmjk akgk k|ombhqgk jc t|kgkahb cgt|cqm|hmi jcglhzk |cohkbmi x Cs|k Hbek Acbz|k"

& Im Esbjmahb tm|m imq Hbuc|qhkbcq jc K|hocb Omiicok (EHKOM acq cb qsq mazhuhjmjcq cb ci as|qk jc imcimlk|mahb jci t|cqcbzc cqzsjhk"

Qhzsmahb jc imq maahkbcq tm|m t|kgkuc| im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi" 0Tc|qtcazhumq jc eszs|k


10/75

Ghcgl|kq jc L\C x LABCZ gq mazhukq

K|ombhqgkq akbzmazmjkq

Akbecjc|mahb jCgt|cqm|hq jci Lmhp Iikl|comzEcjcjm|hb Kbslcbqc jc Cgt|cqm|hkqAcbz|k jc Cqzsjhkq x Mqcqk|mghcbzk Gczmi|ohakACTXGC M|mobAgm|m jc Akgc|ahk) Hbjsqz|hm x Bmucomahb jc Umicbahm

Agm|m jc Akgc|ahk) Hbjsqz|hm x Bmucomahb jc Vm|mokvmAgm|m jc Akgc|ahk) Hbjsqz|hm x Bmucomahb jc Bmum||mAcbz|k Cs|ktck jc Cgt|cqmq c Hbbkumahb jc Ls|okqMqkahmahb Cqtmkim jc Bscumq Zcabkikomq (MCBZCAAkbqcfk Ocbc|mi jc Akicohkq jc Mocbzcq Akgc|ahmicq jc CqtmmOmlhbczc Cs|ktck jc Akktc|mahb Cgt|cqm|hmi (MHCAmfm jc M`k||kq jc Gs|ahm

Im Agm|m jc Akgc|ahk) Hbjsqz|hm x Bmucomahb jc Umicbahm esc akbzmazmjm akgk ghcgl|kL\C x LABCZ cqtcahmigcbzc mazhuk x akgk Cs|k Hbek Acbz|k

Cs|k Hbek Acbz|kq (CHA


Hbq hzszk jc Jcqm||kiik Cakbghak jci T|hbahtmjk jc Mqzs|hmq (HJCTMz

Jh|caahb Ocbc|mi jc T|kgkahb Cakbgham jci Oklhc|bk jc Ambm|hmq

Qkahcjmj tm|m ci Jcqm||kiik \cohkbmi jc Ambzml|hm (QKJC\AMB

Hbqzhzszk Gmj|hick jc Jcqm||kiik (HGMJC

Hbq hzszk jc Ekgcbzk jc im \cohb jc Gs|ahmz

Akbecjc|mahb Cgt|cqm|hmi jc im t|kuhbahm jc MihambzcAkbecjc|mahb Cgt|cqm|hmi jc MbjmisamAkbecjc|mahb jc Cgt|cqm|hkq jc M|mobAkbecjc|mahb \cohkbmi jc Cgt|cqm|hkq jc Amqzhiim Im Gmba`m (ACAMGAkbecjc|mahb jc cgt|cqm|hkq jc OmihahmMqkahmahb jc im Hbjsqz|hm Bmum||m (MHBCAkbecjc|mahb jc Cgt|cqm|hkq jc Im \hkfmAkbecjc|mahb Cqtmkim jc Mqkahmahkbcq jc Fucbcq Cgt|cqm|hkq(ACMFCEcjc|mahb Cqtmkim jc K|ombhvmahkbcq Cgt|cqm|hmicq jc im Hbjsqz|hm jci GsclicAkbecjc|mahb Cgt|cqm|hmi Cqtmkim jc Cakbkgm Qkahmi (ACTCQ

Akbqcfk Qstc|hk| jc Agm|mq jc Akgc|ahk) Hbjsqz|hm x Bmucomahb

Agm|m jc Akgc|ahk) Hbjsqz|hm x Bmucomahb jc Lm|acikbmAgm|m jc Akgc|ahk) Hbjsqz|hm x Bmucomahb jc Lhilmk

Agm|m jc Akgc|ahk) Hbjsqz|hm x Bmucomahb jc Gmj|hjAgm|m jc Akgc|ahk) Hbjsqz|hm x Bmucomahb jc ZkicjkAgm|m jc Akgc|ahk) Hbjsqz|hm x Bmucomahb jc Umicbahm

Acbz|k Cs|ktck jc Cgt|cqmq c Hbbkumahb (ACCH jc Amqzhiim x IcbAcbz|k jc Hbek|gmahb x Jcqm||kiik Cgt|cqm|hmiMxsbzmghcbzk jc Aac|cq&T|kxcazk Cs|ktm'LMBCQZK

Esbjmahb Cs|kucbzmbhiim jci Tmq UmqakAcbz|c Lmicm|q Cs|ktmKehahk x M|zc" K|ombhvmahb jc ikq M|zcqmbkq jc CqtmmAkbqcfk Ocbc|mi jc Akicohkq jc O|mjsmjkq Qkahmicq

& @m acqmjk qs mazhuhjmj akgk CHA m tm|zh| jci = jc cbc|k jc


11/75

Gs|ahm x ci Akbqcfk Qstc|hk| jc Agm|mq jc Akgc|ahk) Hbjsqz|hm x Bmucomahb esc|kb akbzmazmjkqakgk Cs|k Hbek Acbz|kq x akgk k|ombhqgkq jc t|kgkahb cgt|cqm|hmi"

Im Agm|m jc Akgc|ahk) Hbjsqz|hm x Bmucomahb jc Umicbahm esc akbzmazmjm akgk Cs|k HbekAcbz|k x akgk ghcgl|k L\C x LABCZ cqtcahmigcbzc mazhuk"

LMBCQZK esc akbzmazmjk akgk Cs|k Hbek Acbz|k x akgk lmbam akgc|ahmi"

Timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq

K|ombhqgkq akbzmazmjkq_k|ij Z|mjc Tkhbz cb Amqzhiim Im Gmba`m

_k|ij Z|mjc Tkhbz cb Gmj|hj

_k|ij Z|mjc Tkhbz cb Vm|mokvm&

& Ci Hbqzhzszk M|mokbq jc Ekgcbzk (HME esc akbzmazmjk akgk ghcgl|k jc im |cj jc _k|ij Z|mjc Tkhbzq jcimq Bmahkbcq Sbhjmq x akgk k|ombhqgk jc t|kgkahb cgt|cqm|hmi jc glhzk |cohkbmi" Bk klqzmbzc) acq qsmazhuhjmj akgk hbzc|gcjhm|hk jc jha`m |cj cb ci as|qk jc im cimlk|mahb jci t|cqcbzc cqzsjhk"

Lmbam akgc|ahmi

K|ombhqgkq akbzmazmjkqLLUM) Lmbak Lhilmk Uhvamxm M|ocbzm|hm

LQA@) Lmbak Qmbzmbjc| Acbz|mi @hqtmbk

Lmbcqzk) Lmbak Cqtmki jc A|jhzk

Lmbak Tktsim|

Lmbak Qmlmjcii

Im Amhpm

Amfm Gmj|hj

LMBCQZK esc akbzmazmjk akgk lmbam akgc|ahmi x akgk Cs|k Hbek Acbz|k

Mocbzcq }sc qc tsqhc|kb cb akbzmazk jh|cazk akb im JOTXGC

K|ombhqgkq akbzmazmjkqGmbakgsbhjmj jc Gsbhahthkq jci |cm Gcz|ktkihzmbm jc Lm|acikbm

_k|ij Z|mjc M|cm

O|stk J\CPAK Akbqsizk|cq

Ecjc|mahb jc Agm|mq jc Akgc|ahk Hlc|kmgc|hambmq

Kz|mq cbzhjmjcq akbzmazmjkq akb tkqzc|hk|hjmj tk| hbjhamahb jcikq k|ombhqgkq qcicaahkbmjkq

K|ombhqgkq akbzmazmjkqCqascim jc k|ombhvmahb Hbjsqz|hmi (CKH

Hbqzhzszk Amzmib jc Zcabkikom (HAZ

Qhzsmahb jc imq maahkbcq tm|m t|kgkuc| im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi" =4Tc|qtcazhumq jc eszs|k


12/75

1"="


13/75

1"="1" K|ombhqgkq cbz|cuhqzmjkq

Im hbek|gmahb emahihzmjm tk| ikq k|ombhqgkq m z|muq jci t|hgc| ascqzhkbm|hk esc

akgticgcbzmjm tk| sb akbzmazk zcicebhak akb im tc|qkbm |cqtkbqmlic jc imqzm|cmq jc akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi"

Cqzk bkq qh|uh tm|m `mac| sbm t|hgc|m jhqzhbahb cbz|c ikq k|ombhqgkq akbhbhahmzhumq cb gmzc|hm jc akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi x ikq }sc bk iicumlmb m amlkmazsmahkbcq cb cqzc glhzk k bk akbzmlmb akb hbhahmzhumq |cicumbzcq) ikq asmicqesc|kb jcqam|zmjkq jc imq cbz|cuhqzmq"

M akbzhbsmahb) qc cqzmlicahc|kb mocbjmq jc cbz|cuhqzmq akb ikq t|kgkzk|cq jcim hbhahmzhum x) cb miosbkq amqkq) akb qs |cj jc ak||cqtkbqmicq" Mbzcq jc imcbz|cuhqzm) qc icq cbuh sb qcosbjk ascqzhkbm|hk }sc zcbm tk| klfczk umik|m| imq

am|mazc|qzhamq zabhamq x amihjmj jc imq timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq kbihbc) jc ek|gm }sc im |csbhb esc|m gq t|kjsazhum" M imq AAMM qc icq cbuhmlm)mjcgq) sbm eha`m }sc tc|ghzhc|m umik|m| imq hbhahmzhumq tm|m t|kgkuc| imakktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi cb ci glhzk mszkbghak x }sc |cakthimlm ikqqhoshcbzcq jmzkq6

Hbhahmzhumq cphqzcbzcq

Ekbjkq jcqzhbmjkqphzk jc imq hbhahmzhumqTc|ehi jc imq cgt|cqmq sqsm|hmqUmik|mahb cb akbfsbzk jc imq hbhahmzhumq jcqzmambjk ikq mqtcazkq gcfk|

umik|mjkqCucbzsmi mactzmahb jc sbm hbhahmzhum tk| tm|zc jc im JOTXGC

Im hbek|gmahb t|ktk|ahkbmjm js|mbzc cqzm emqc esc tkqzc|hk|gcbzc akbz|mqzmjmx akgticzmjm gcjhmbzc ci mbihqhq jc imq tohbmq wcl jc amjm sbk jc ikqk|ombhqgkq" Cb amqk jc jsjm) qc |cas||h mi zciekbk tm|m maim|m|imq"

K\OMBHQGKQ JC GLHZK BMAHKBMI CBZ\CUHQZMJKQK|ombhqgkq Mqhqzcbzcq Am|ok

Akbqcfk Qstc|hk| jc Agm|mq Fmuhc| F" Qba`cv+

Am|gcb \kj|oscv+ Thim|Bmum||k

\cqtkbqmlic Mg|ham Imzhbm

(\cimahkbcq Hbzc|bmahkbmicq+\cqtkbqmlic Cs|ktm Acbz|mi xK|hcbzmi (\cimahkbcq Hbzc|bmahkbmicq+

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14/75


15/75

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16/75

1"


18/75

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20/75

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21/75

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23/75

Kehahbmq Cakbghamq x Akgc|ahmicq


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24/75

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Akgk hbjham|cgkq cb ci mtm|zmjk 1"


26/75

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27/75

:" \CQSIZMJKQ

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28/75

Jhesqhb jc imq hbhahmzhumq" M z|muq jc cqzc mbihqhq qc `m hbzcbzmjkakbkac| }s ambmicq jc jhesqhb qkb gq cecazhukq tm|m jm| m akbkac|imq hbhahmzhumq cb ci glhzk jc im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi"

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29/75

Bmzs|micvm jc ikq k|ombhqgkq m bhuci bmahkbmi


30/75

Bmzs|micvm jc imq maahkbcq

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31/75

Cb ci t|hgc| o|stk) cq jcah|) cbz|c imq maahkbcq jh|hohjmq jh|cazmgcbzc mi

cqzmlicahghcbzk jc |cimahkbcq jc akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi ) tkjcgkq jcqzmam|imq maahkbcq jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq x jc makgtmmghcbzk cgt|cqm|hmi m kz|kqgc|amjkq) im tm|zhahtmahb cb t|ko|mgmq akgsbhzm|hkq) ikq cbascbz|kqcgt|cqm|hmicq x) cb jczc|ghbmjmq kamqhkbcq) imq timzmek|gmq kb ihbc"

Tk| ik }sc |cqtcazm m ikq qc|uhahkq jc makgtmmghcbzk cgt|cqm|hmi mkz|kq gc|amjkq x jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq ikamicq) qscicb qc|esbjmgcbzmigcbzc ikq k|ombhqgkq tlihakq ) zmbzk jc glhzk bmahkbmiakgk |cohkbmi) ikq }sc qc acbz|mb cb cqzm mazhuhjmj x) cb cqtcahmi) cb imt|hgc|m jc ciimq" Qhb cglm|ok) cphqzc zmglhb sbm t|cqcbahm t|humjm cbcqzc zhtk jc qc|uhahkq }sc qkb ke|cahjkq tk| k|ombhqgkq akb sbm

hgtk|zmbzc |cj jc hbzc|gcjhm|hkq k jc kehahbmq cb ci cpzc|hk|) ik }sc icqtc|ghzc sb akbkahghcbzk cp`msqzhuk jci gc|amjk x jc imq tkqhlhihjmjcqjc akktc|mahb akb cgt|cqmq ikamicq" Im t|azham zkzmihjmj jc imq AAMMmbmihvmjmq ascbzm akb cqzc zhtk jc qc|uhahkq m bhuci |cohkbmi) qh lhcbcphqzcb miosbmq cpactahkbcq hgtk|zmbzcq) akgk cq ci amqk jc Gs|ahm)Ambzml|hm) Lmicm|cq x Im \hkfm) }sc qc ucb klihomjkq m asl|h| cqzcqc|uhahk m z|muq jc ikq k|ombhqgkq jc glhzk bmahkbmi" Qc `m jcjcqzmam| m}s im hgtk|zmbzc ucbzmfm akb im }sc ascbzmb imq cgt|cqmqgmj|hicmq e|cbzc m imq jci |cqzk jc |cohkbcq gcbahkbmjmq) mi cqzm|slhamjkq cb im amthzmi im gmxk|m jc ikq k|ombhqgkq jc glhzk bmahkbmi"

Sbm jc imq hbhahmzhumq gcfk| umik|mjmq tk| im gmxk| tm|zc jc ikqk|ombhqgkq cbz|cuhqzmjkq `mb qhjk ikq t|ko|mgmq jc akktc|mahbcgt|cqm|hmi t|kgkuhjkq tk| im Akghqhb Cs|ktcm (Mi Hbucqz) MqhmHbucqz) Caklcqz) cza x }sc hbaisxcb im k|ombhvmahb jc cbascbz|kq jcakktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi akb ehbmbahmahb akgsbhzm|hm" M zcbk| jc imqgmbhecqzmahkbcq |cmihvmjmq tk| ikq k|ombhqgkq cbz|cuhqzmjkq }sctm|zhahtmb cb cqzc zhtk jc t|ko|mgmq) ci cqzmlicahghcbzk jc imvkq cbz|ck|ombhqgkq jc jhqzhbzkq tmqcq tm|m k|ombhvm| maahkbcq jc akktc|mahbcgt|cqm|hmi tm|cac cqzm| m||kfmbjk lscbkq |cqsizmjkq" Tk| ik }sc qc|cehc|c mi tc|ehi jc ikq k|ombhqgkq k|ombhvmjk|cq) ci bgc|k jck|ombhqgkq tlihakq tm|zhahtmbzcq cq ihoc|mgcbzc qstc|hk| mi jc

k|ombhqgkq t|humjkq) qh lhcb cqzkq izhgkq z|mzmb amjm ucv gq jcmaacjc| m ikq ekbjkq jcqzhbmjkq m cqzkq t|ko|mgmq" Tk| AAMM) qkbzkjmq lcbcehahm|hmq jc cqzc zhtk jc t|ko|mgmq) akb im cpactahb jcAmqzhiim Im Gmba`m x Im \hkfm) cb imq }sc ikq k|ombhqgkq cbz|cuhqzmjkq`mb jcaim|mjk bk tm|zhahtm| cb ciikq" Tc|k bk qik ikq k|ombhqgkq m bhuci|cohkbmi tm|zhahtmb cb cqzkq t|ko|mgmq akgsbhzm|hkq) zmglhb miosbkqk|ombhqgkq bmahkbmicq |cahlcb mxsjmq jc cqzc zhtk) akgk cq ci amqk jciAkbqcfk Qstc|hk| jc Agm|mq x jc ACTCQ"

Cb ik |cimzhuk m im k|ombhvmahb jc cbascbz|kq cgt|cqm|hmicq akbehbmbahmahb bmahkbmi) qs ehbmihjmj cq emuk|cac| ci cqzmlicahghcbzk jcsb akbzmazk jh|cazk cbz|c imq cgt|cqmq" Akb im cpactahb jc Amqzhiim ImGmba`m x Im \hkfm) zkjmq imq AAMM cqtmkimq ascbzmb akb cqzc zhtk jc



32/75

hbhahmzhumq) gsx umik|mjmq cbz|c ikq cgt|cqm|hkq) tc|k cb im }sc ikq|cqsizmjkq bk qhcgt|c ak||cqtkbjcb mi cqesc|vk |cmihvmjk tm|m qsk|ombhvmahb" Ikq k|ombhqgkq }sc cb gmxk| bgc|k qc jcambzmb tk|

cqzc zhtk jc hbhahmzhumq tc|zcbcacb m imq AAMM jc Amzmism) AkgsbhjmjUmicbahmbm) Mqzs|hmq) Tmq Umqak) M|mob x Ambm|hmq"

Tk| izhgk `mx }sc `mac| |cec|cbahm m imq timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jcqkahkq" Cqzc zhtk jc hbhahmzhumq `m |cohqz|mjk sb hgtk|zmbzc a|cahghcbzkcb ikq izhgkq mkq) jc|humjk esbjmgcbzmgcbzc jci msoc cptc|hgcbzmjktk| imq bscumq zcabkikomq" Cb im mazsmihjmj) ci tk|acbzmfc jck|ombhqgkq jc am|azc| bmahkbmi akb timzmek|gm kb ihbc qstc|m mi jc ikqk|ombhqgkq jc glhzk |cohkbmi (55# e|cbzc mi 10#" Tk| AAMM) imq }scakbacbz|mb ci gmxk| bgc|k jc timzmek|gmq qkb Tmq Umqak x M|mob"Cphqzcb mqhghqgk AAMM }sc bk ascbzmb akb bhbosbm timzmek|gm kb ihbc

cb ci glhzk jc im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi) akgk qkb Im \hkfm)Ambzml|hm) Lmicm|cq) Cpz|cgmjs|m x Omihahm"

Cb ci qcosbjk o|stk) cq jcah|) cbz|c imq hbhahmzhumq }sc qh|ucb jc mtkxk kakgticgcbzk mi cqzmlicahghcbzk jc |cimahkbcq jc akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi)tkjcgkq jcqzmam| imq maahkbcq jc t|kgkahb akgc|ahmi) hbek|gmahb)mqcqk|mghcbzk x ek|gmahb"

Qhb jsjm) sbk jc ikq hbqz|sgcbzkq jc akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi }sc gqhbzc|q qsqahzm cbz|c ci zcfhjk cgt|cqm|hmi x mi }sc qc jcqzhbm sbm gmxk|tm|zc jc ikq ekbjkq tlihakq cq ci jc imq maahkbcq jc t|kgkahb

akgc|ahmi) }sc hbaisxcb im tm|zhahtmahb cb ec|hmq cb ci cpzc|hk| x imk|ombhvmahb jc ghqhkbcq cgt|cqm|hmicq" Im mgtihm aklc|zs|m qcazk|hmi xocko|eham jc cqzmq maahkbcq tc|ghzc m im t|azham zkzmihjmj jc imtklimahb cgt|cqm|hmi cqtmkim jhqtkbc| jc hbqz|sgcbzkq akb ikq }scmtkxm| sbm cqz|mzcohm jc ikamihvmahb jc qkahkq cb kz|kq gc|amjkq" Cqzczhtk jc maahkbcq qscicb cqzm| t|kgkuhjmq tk| k|ombhqgkq tlihakq) jcam|azc| bmahkbmi x |cohkbmi) }sc qscicb iicum| m amlk sbm jhesqhb jc imqghqgmq cbz|c imq cgt|cqmq m z|muq jc qs timb mbsmi jc maahkbcq" Jcikq jmzkq mbmihvmjkq) qc jcqt|cbjc }sc cb cqzc zhtk jc hbhahmzhumq citk|acbzmfc jc k|ombhqgkq jc am|azc| |cohkbmi hbukisa|mjkq (31#qstc|m m ikq k|ombhqgkq jc am|azc| bmahkbmi (::#" M cqzc |cqtcazk) cq

t|cahqk qcmim| im cqtcahmi qcbqhlhihjmj x akbkahghcbzk jc qs |cmihjmjcgt|cqm|hmi }sc zhcbcb ikq k|ombhqgkq |cohkbmicq) `ca`k }sc icqakbuhc|zc cb cbzhjmjcq jc qhbosim| hgtk|zmbahm tm|m t|kgkuc| cqzc zhtkjc hbhahmzhumq" Tk| AAMM) zkjmq akb im cpactahb jc Ambzml|hm iicumb mamlk cqzc zhtk jc hbhahmzhumq) akb sbm t|ktk|ahb qcgcfmbzc cb zkjmqciimq) qmiuk cb Im \hkfm) jkbjc imq mazhuhjmjcq jc t|kgkahb qstc|mbakb gsa`k mi |cqzk) iicombjk m |ct|cqcbzm| amqh im ghzmj jc imq maahkbcqcb gmzc|hm jc akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi"

Ci hgtk|zmbzc cqesc|vk }sc qscic |cmihvm|qc cb ci glhzk jc imq maahkbcqjc t|kgkahb) bk qscic cqzm| makgtmmjk jc sb cqesc|vk qcgcfmbzc cbimq maahkbcq jc mqcqk|mghcbzk cgt|cqm|hmi" Mq qc jcqt|cbjc jc ikqjmzkq mbmihvmjkq) cb ikq }sc klqc|umgkq }sc) m tcqm| jc }sc miosbkq

Qhzsmahb jc imq maahkbcq tm|m t|kgkuc| im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi" 1=Tc|qtcazhumq jc eszs|k


33/75

k|ombhqgkq tlihakq ke|cacb qc|uhahkq jc mqcqk|mghcbzk m qsqcgt|cqmq) bk cq ik gq `mlhzsmi x) cb zkjk amqk) im icbzhzsj }sc cbmiosbkq amqkq qscic makgtmm| qs ocqzhb) iicum m imq cgt|cqmq m im

lq}scjm jc sb mqcqk|mghcbzk gq ohi m z|muq jci qcazk| t|humjk" Qkbcb lscbm tm|zc k|ombhqgkq t|humjkq ikq }sc mqsgcb ikq qc|uhahkq jcmqcqk|mghcbzk m cgt|cqmq) |cqtkbjhcbjk bk|gmigcbzc qs tm|zhahtmahbcb imq |cjcq m im amtzmahb jc cgt|cqmq tkzcbahmicq aihcbzcq" Cbz|c imqAAMM }sc ascbzmb akb sbm gmxk| kec|zm jc mqcqk|mghcbzk cb gmzc|hmjc akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi jcqzmamb Amqzhiim'Icb) Mqzs|hmq) TmqUmqak) M|mob) Lmicm|cq) Amzmism x Akgsbhjmj Umicbahmbm) `ca`k}sc) akb im cpactahb jc Tmq Umqak x Akgsbhjmj Umicbahmbm) akhbahjcakb im cphqzcbahm jc sb gmxk| bgc|k jc k|ombhqgkq jc am|azc|t|humjk }sc ktc|mb cb cqzc glhzk"

Tk| ik }sc |cqtcazm m ikq qc|uhahkq jc hbek|gmahb) qc z|mzm jc sbm jcimq hbhahmzhumq gq akgbgcbzc ke|cahjmq tk| ikq k|ombhqgkqhbukisa|mjkq cb im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi" Cqzc qc|uhahk }sc) cb imgmxk|m jc ikq amqkq cq jc am|azc| o|mzshzk) qscic akbzcbc| hbek|gmahbqkl|c jhec|cbzcq gc|amjkq) mq akgk qkl|c ascqzhkbcq jc am|azc|zabhak }sc imq cgt|cqmq bcacqhzmb asmbjk hbhahmb qsq |cimahkbcq akbqkahkq jc kz|kq tmqcq" Tm|m ikq k|ombhqgkq tlihakq ke|cac| hbek|gmahbcq tm|zc jc ikq qc|uhahkq lqhakq }sc t|ktk|ahkbmb m imq cgt|cqmq" Tm|mikq t|humjkq im hbek|gmahb qc akbahlc akgk sb gcjhk tm|m mz|mc|aihcbzcq" Tk| AAMM jcqzmam im kec|zm jc M|mob) Akgsbhjmj Umicbahmbm)Tmq Umqak x Amzmism"

Tk| izhgk x cb ik }sc m hbhahmzhumq jc ek|gmahb qc |cehc|c) qc z|mzm jcsb qc|uhahk mgtihmgcbzc cpzcbjhjk" Qhb cglm|ok) qc klqc|um }sc) cbz|ghbkq ocbc|micq) imq maahkbcq ek|gmzhumq qscicb cqzm| acbz|mjmq cb cimbihqhq jc im qhzsmahb x tc|qtcazhumq jc kz|kq gc|amjkq x cb imqtkqhlhihjmjcq }sc ikq jhqzhbzkq qcazk|cq) jcqashjmbjk maahkbcq jcqcbqhlhihvmahb qkl|c imq ucbzmfmq jc im akktc|mahb x qkl|c ikq mqtcazkqzabhakq tm|m makgczc|im" Tk| AAMM zkjmq ciimq ascbzmb akb hbhahmzhumqcb cqzc qcbzhjk) akb im bham cpactahb jc Ambzml|hm" Imq AAMM gqmazhumq cb gmzc|hm jc ek|gmahb qkb M|mob x Mqzs|hmq) qcoshjmq jcTmq Umqak) Ambm|hmq) Amzmism x Akgsbhjmj Umicbahmbm"

Qhzsmahb jc imq maahkbcq tm|m t|kgkuc| im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi" 1


34/75

Jhesqhb jc imq hbhahmzhumq

Ikq gcjhkq szhihvmjkq tm|m im jhesqhb jc imq hbhahmzhumq cb gmzc|hm jcakktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi bk jhehc|cb cb cpacqk cbz|c ikq k|ombhqgkq }scmazmb m bhuci bmahkbmi x m}sciikq asxk glhzk jc mazsmahb cq |cohkbmi" Zmbqkik ci akbzmazk tc|qkbmihvmjk akbqzhzsxc sbm cpactahb m imq qhghihzsjcqklqc|umjmq) ik }sc cq iohak qh zcbcgkq cb ascbzm im |cimahb gq ac|ambm mimq cgt|cqmq }sc zhcbcb ikq k|ombhqgkq mszkbghakq" Ikq k|ombhqgkqbmahkbmicq szhihvmb fk|bmjmq x mbsbahkq cb t|cbqm akgk um t|hbahtmi tm|m jm| m

akbkac| qsq hbhahmzhumq" Imq tohbmq wcl) ci ak||ck cicaz|bhak x ikq lkiczhbcqqkb kz|mq jc imq umq jc jhesqhb gq szhihvmjmq"

Jhesqhb jc hbhahmzhumq m bhuci bmahkbmi


35/75

Umik|mahb jc imq hbhahmzhumq cb esbahb jc im akbqcasahb jc klfczhukq

Im umik|mahb jc imq hbhahmzhumq jc akktc|mahb |cmihvmjmq tk| ikq k|ombhqgkqmbmihvmjkq qc `mb aimqhehamjk qcob qc z|mzc jc timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jcqkahkq k jc kz|kq hbqz|sgcbzkq gq z|mjhahkbmicq (ghqhkbcq akgc|ahmicq)maahkbcq jc t|kgkahb) cza"

Timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq" Mb asmbjk qkb gsa`kq ikq k|ombhqgkq}sc micomb jhehasizmjcq tm|m |cmihvm| sb qcoshghcbzk jc ikq |cqsizmjkq jc cqzczhtk jc hbhahmzhumq) im umik|mahb cq tkqhzhum esbjmgcbzmigcbzc tm|m ikq

k|ombhqgkq jc am|azc| bmahkbmi" Cqzm emizm jc qcoshghcbzk qscic cqzm||cimahkbmjm) cb im t|azham zkzmihjmj jc ikq amqkq) akb sbm emizm jc |cas|qkq) qhlhcb im |czhacbahm jc imq cgt|cqmq m emahihzm| cqzc zhtk jc jmzkq cq kz|m jc imq|mvkbcq m zcbc| cb ascbzm" Tk| AAMM) imq }sc gmbhehcqzmb sbm umik|mahb gqtkqhzhum jc cqzc zhtk jc hbhahmzhumq qkb M|mob x im Akgsbhjmj Umicbahmbm" Tk|qs tm|zc ci Tmq Umqak cq im AAMM cb im }sc sb gmxk| bgc|k jc k|ombhqgkqumik|m bcomzhumgcbzc imq hbhahmzhumq kb ihbc"

Qhzsmahb jc imq maahkbcq tm|m t|kgkuc| im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi" 1:Tc|qtcazhumq jc eszs|k


36/75

Hbhahmzhumq gq z|mjhahkbmicq" Im t|azham zkzmihjmj jc ikq k|ombhqgkqcbz|cuhqzmjkq) m cpactahb jc Qkjc|amb (Ambzml|hm) qcmimb akgk tkqhzhukq

ikq |cqsizmjkq klzcbhjkq) k lhcb qc mlqzhcbcb jc jm| sbm |cqtscqzm mbzc im emizmjc qcoshghcbzk jc ikq ghqgkq" Imq AAMM akb sb gmxk| bgc|k jck|ombhqgkq emuk|mlicq m cqzc zhtk jc hbhahmzhumq qkb6 Im \hkfm) Mbjmisam) TmqUmqak) M|mob) Amzmism x Akgsbhjmj Umicbahmbm"

Cgt|cqmq sqsm|hmq

Jc ikq |cqsizmjkq klzcbhjkq cb ci cqzsjhk qc jcqt|cbjc }sc) cb z|ghbkqocbc|micq) ikq k|ombhqgkq hbukisa|mjkq ke|cacb gmxk|hzm|hmgcbzc qsq qc|uhahkqm cgt|cqmq jc sb tc}sck x gcjhmbk zmgmk x m im ocbc|mihjmj jc ikqqcazk|cq) qh lhcb cb ci amqk jc ikq k|ombhqgkq |cohkbmicq cqzm kec|zm cqzbk|gmigcbzc jh|hohjm m ikq qcazk|cq gq |ct|cqcbzmzhukq jc im |cohb" Miosbkqjc cqzkq k|ombhqgkq) akgk ci ACCH jc Amqzhiim Icb) im Mqkahmahb jcJcqm||kiik Cakbghak jc Im \hkfm (MJC\ k ci Hbqzhzsz JHbbkumah Cgt|cqm|hmijc icq Hiicq Lmicm|q (HJH) `mb jcqm||kiimjk hbhahmzhumq cqtcaehamq tm|mjczc|ghbmjkq qcazk|cq jc am|azc| cqz|mzohak tm|m im cakbkgm jc qs |cohb"



38/75

Escbzc6 Cbz|cuhqzmq

Kz|kq a|hzc|hkq

Ci o|mjk jc akbqcbqk miambvmjk tk| ikq k|ombhqgkq lmfk Kz|kq a|hzc|hkq cqbcacqm|hmgcbzc gcbk| }sc cb ci |cqzk jc a|hzc|hkq jc mbihqhq) tscqzk }scesc|kb akgcbzm|hkq x |cakgcbjmahkbcq }sc |cmihvm|kb ikq k|ombhqgkqcbz|cuhqzmjkq ihl|cgcbzc) qhb qc| t|cosbzmjkq mi |cqtcazk" Im akhbahjcbahm cbjha`kq akgcbzm|hkq tk| k|ombhqgkq jc jhqzhbzm bmzs|micvm icq akbehc|c cqtcahmiumik| jclhjk m qs cqtkbzbcm |cas||cbahm" Imq z|cq ascqzhkbcq timbzcmjmq gqe|cascbzcgcbzc tk| ikq k|ombhqgkq cbz|cuhqzmjkq `mb qhjk6

Bcacqhjmj jc maahkbcq jc qcbqhlhihvmahb" Bcacqhjmj jc mqcqk|mghcbzk tc|qkbmihvmjk" Amihjmj jc ikq hbzc|gcjhm|hkq"

Im bcacqhjmj jc maahkbcq jc qcbqhlhihvmahb cb gmzc|hm jc akktc|mahbcgt|cqm|hmi `m qhjk jcqzmamjm jc gmbc|m cqtcahmi tk| ikq k|ombhqgkq jcam|azc| |cohkbmi" Esbjmgcbzmigcbzc Amqzhiim Icb x ci Tmq Umqak gmbhehcqzmbsbm emizm jc asizs|m jc akktc|mahb cbz|c imq cgt|cqmq jc qs |cohb"

Escbzc6 Cbz|cuhqzmq

Qhzsmahb jc imq maahkbcq tm|m t|kgkuc| im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi" 1?Tc|qtcazhumq jc eszs|k


39/75

Tk| ik }sc |cqtcazm m im bcacqhjmj jc hbhahmzhumq cb gmzc|hm jc mqcqk|mghcbzktc|qkbmihvmjk qkb gsa`kq ikq k|ombhqgkq) esbjmgcbzmigcbzc jc am|azc|

|cohkbmi) }sc qcmimb cqzc mqtcazk akgk jc cqtcahmi |cicumbahm tm|m sb gmxk|x gcfk| jcqm||kiik jc im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi" Imq cgt|cqmq bk qcakbqhjc|mb amtmacq jc ocqzhkbm| jc gmbc|m qmzhqemazk|hm sbm tkqhlic |cimahbakb sb qkahk jc kz|k gc|amjk" Mb asmbjk cb ci qcazk| t|humjk qc ke|cac cqzczhtk jc mqcqk|mghcbzk) gsa`mq cgt|cqmq) qkl|c zkjk imq gq tc}scmq) bktscjcb me|kbzm| qsq akqzcq" Cbz|c imq mszkbkgmq }sc jcgmbjmb cb gmxk|gcjhjm cqzc zhtk jc hbhahmzhumq jcqzmamb M|mob) Amzmism) AkgsbhjmjUmicbahmbm) Amqzhiim Icb x Tmq Umqak"

Escbzc6 Cbz|cuhqzmq

Tk| izhgk) `mb qhjk bsgc|kqkq ikq k|ombhqgkq cbz|cuhqzmjkq }sc `mbgmbhecqzmjk akgk cicgcbzk cqcbahmi im amihjmj jc ikq hbzc|gcjhm|hkq jc imq|cjcq jc akktc|mahb" Cq jcqzmamlic ci `ca`k jc }sc im gmxk| tm|zc jc cqzkqk|ombhqgkq tc|zcbcac m miosbm |cj jc akktc|mahb cb im mazsmihjmj" Cbz|c imqAAMM jkbjc cqzc a|hzc|hk `m qhjk akbqhjc|mjk |cicumbzc tk| sb gmxk| bgc|kjc k|ombhqgkq jcqzmamb M|mob) Amqzhiim Icb x ci Tmq Umqak"


Escbzc6 Cbz|cuhqzmq


40/75

:"


41/75

Timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq cqzsjhmjmq cb Cqtmm

C HA E m iz m jc hbek |g m a hb

B m a h k b m i

HACP P

ACT CQ P

Ecjc|mah b Agm|mq Hlc|k mgc|hambmq P

_k |ij Z|mjc M |cm P

Cqascim K|ombhvmah b Hbjsqz|hmi P

Esbjmahb Sbhuc|qhjmj Cgt|cqm P

Mbjmisa hm

ACM P

M|mob

ACT XG C M |mo b P

A\CM P

Agm|m jc Ak gc|ahk jc Vm|mokvm P

Amq z h i im Icb

M ocba hm Jcqm||k iik Ca k b" Amq zhii m Ic b & P

ACCH jc Amqzhiim Ic b & P

A m q z h i im I m G m b a ` m

Z|mjc T k hbz jc Amqzhiim Im G mba`m && P

Amzmism

AKT AM P

Agm|m jc Ak gc|ahk jc L m|acik bm P

Ak gsbhjmj Um icba hmbm

Agm|m jc Ak gc|ahk jc Umicbahm P

ACCH Umicbahm ' M BACQ P

G m j |h j

Z|mjc T k hbz G mj|hj P

G s | a hm

Hbek jc G s|ahm P

B m u m | | m

M qk ahma h b Bma hk bmi jc im Hbjsqz |hm Bm um||m P

T m q U m q a k

Agm|m jc Ak gc|ahk jc L hilmk P

QT \H P

Esbjmahb Cs|k ucbzmbhim T mq Umqak &&& P P

& Akg tm|zcb jcqm||kiik jc timzmek|gm

&& Ascbzm akb jk q timzmek|gmq x qc mb cqzsjhmjk imq jkq

&&& Ascbzm akb jk q timzmek |gmq x qc `m cqzsjhmjk qk ik sbm) tk| emizm jc hbek|gmah b cb im qcosbjm mi bk `mlc|qc imbvmjk mb

T i m z m e k |g m q b k c q z s jh m jm q

Tim zm ek |gmq cqzsj hmjmq

Tk| ik }sc qc |cehc|c m imq timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq cb cicpz|mbfc|k) ci bgc|k zkzmi jc timzmek|gmq cqzsjhmjmq mqahcbjc m =0) jc imq}sc 3 ak||cqtkbjcb m Micgmbhm) : m E|mbahm) 3 m Hzmihm x : m Tkikbhm"

Mqhghqgk) x akgk xm qc `m hbjhamjk) zmglhb qc `m t|kacjhjk m cqzsjhm| imtimzmek|gm jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq jc ikq Cs|k Hbek Acbz|kq) asxk t|kgkzk|) imJO Cgt|cqmq) qc cbascbz|m cb L|sqcimq"

Qhzsmahb jc imq maahkbcq tm|m t|kgkuc| im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi" :4Tc|qtcazhumq jc eszs|k


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Timzmek|gmq jc Lq}scjm jc Qkahkq cqzsjhmjmq cb ci Cpz|mbfc|k

MICGMBHM

JH@NLEMHLOMKbihbc OGL@JQOU

\CJ JC CS\K HBEK ACBZ\KQ(CHA

E\MBAHM

SAAHEC_k|ij A`mglc|q Bczwk|nAEACSlhe|mbac

HZMIHM

HACQUHISTTKQATMAkbeakggc|ahkMHAC

TKIKBHM

LGL T|kgkzhkbqAkktc|mzhkb EsbjHNATM\T

Ci bgc|k zkzmi jc timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq cqzsjhmjmq mqahcbjc)tk| ik zmbzk) m 1


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k Mocbzcq }sc iicumb m amlk cqzmq mazhuhjmjcq6 hbzc|gcjhm|hkq kt|kgkzk|"

k Tc|hkjhahjmj jc imq maahkbcq jc t|kgkahb"k

Gcjhkq cgticmjkq6 tohbm wcl) fk|bmjmq) tslihamahkbcq s kz|kq"

Akqzc jc ikq qc|uhahkq" Akb cqzc a|hzc|hk qc `m z|mzmjk jc cumism| qh ci`ca`k jc }sc ikq qc|uhahkq qcmb o|mzshzkq k bk hbeisxc cb ci o|mjk jccecazhuhjmj jc im timzmek|gm"

:"


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46/75

jc hbzc|gcjhm|hkq bk t|cfsvom ikq |cqsizmjkq jc im timzmek|gm) q tm|cac }sc imocqzhb jc sbm |cj `czc|kobcm |cqsizm gq akgticfm tk| im jhehasizmj }sccbz|mm akgtmzhlhihvm| klfczhukq jhqzhbzkq"

' Aklc|zs|m ocko|eham

Im gmxk| tm|zc jc imq timzmek|gmq qc am|mazc|hvmb tk| sbm |cj jchbzc|gcjhm|hkq jc aklc|zs|m ocko|eham hbzc|bmahkbmi"

Cqzc `ca`k bk qk|t|cbjc qh zcbcgkq cb ascbzm }sc) t|cahqmgcbzc) cq cb ciglhzk hbzc|bmahkbmi jkbjc imq cgt|cqmq |c}shc|cb jc sb gmxk| mtkxk tm|m

iicum| m amlk qsq t|kxcazkq jc akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi" Cqzm t|ctkbjc|mbahmjc imq timzmek|gmq jc am|azc| hbzc|bmahkbmi bk cq qhbk ci |ceicfk jc immjmtzmahb jc im kec|zm m im jcgmbjm"

Ci `ca`k jc }sc imq timzmek|gmq bk ascbzcb akb sbm |cj jc hbzc|gcjhm|hkq cbci cpzc|hk| bk hgtiham bcacqm|hmgcbzc }sc qzmq bk hbaisxmb tc|ehicq jcakktc|mahb hbzc|bmahkbmicq" Bk qkb tkamq) cb cecazk) imq timzmek|gmq jclq}scjm jc qkahkq }sc qc bsz|cb jc kz|mq timzmek|gmq akb |cjcqhbzc|bmahkbmicq) mazsmbjk cb cqzc qcbzhjk akgk gc|kq jhesqk|cq jc cqzkqtc|ehicq cbz|c qsq aihcbzcq"

' Bgc|k jc hbzc|gcjhm|hkq

Hbzc|gcjhm|hk ' Aklc|zs|m ocko|eham

=1#

?0#

8#

Bmahkbmi Hbzc|bmahkbmi Bhbosbk

Bgc|k jc Hbzc|gcjhm|hkq

?=#

=5#

=1#

9


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49/75

' Hbz|kjsaahb

Tc|ehicq' Hbz|kjsaahb

=3)5#

35)1#


50/75

Akbz|ki jc Amihjmj' Mocbzcq

34)4#


51/75

Ci 84# jc imq timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq ke|cac maacqk jh|cazk m imqcgt|cqmq tm|m im akbqsizm jc ikq tc|ehicq jc akktc|mahb) cbzcbjhcbjk

akgk zmi im tkqhlhihjmj jc maacjc| mi akbfsbzk jc im hbek|gmahb) hbaisxcbjk ciakbzmazk jci mbsbahmbzc" Cqzc gcambhqgk jkzm jc o|mb mohihjmj mi qhqzcgm xm}sc cuhzm m ikq hbzc|gcjhm|hkq zcbc| }sc cqzm| |cmihvmbjk cqzm imlk| jchbzc|gcjhmahb"

Cb kamqhkbcq) ci hbzc|gcjhm|hk cq ci |cqtkbqmlic jc emahihzm| im hbek|gmahb m ikqsqsm|hkq) `ca`k }sc ocbc|migcbzc klcjcac m }sc cqzc qc|uhahk cq jc tmok k m}sc qc }shc|c cfc|ac| sb akbz|ki qkl|c imq cgt|cqmq }sc qkihahzmb cqzmhbek|gmahb"

' Hjhkgm

Hjhkgm

::#

35#

Um| hkq Ikami

Ci hjhkgm jc im timzmek|gm jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq jczc|ghbm) cb o|mb gcjhjm)

qs miambac ocko|ehak" Qhb cglm|ok ci 35# jc imq `c||mghcbzmq cqzbcpt|cqmjmq bhamgcbzc cb ci hjhkgm ikami) ihghzmbjk im tkqhlhihjmj jc }sccgt|cqmq cpz|mbfc|mq tscjmb zcbc| maacqk"

' Qcoshghcbzk jc ikq akbzmazkq

Qcoshghcbzk jc ikq akbzmazkq

=0)0#

0=)1#

Q Bk

Im emizm jc qcoshghcbzk jc ikq akbzmazkq }sc qc `mb z|mjsahjk cb masc|jkqcq sbm jc imq t|hbahtmicq jcehahcbahmq jc imq timzmek|gmq" Ci cicumjk akqzcmqkahmjk m cqzc zhtk jc qc|uhahk cq sbk jc ikq gkzhukq cqo|hghjkq tk| ikqt|kgkzk|cq tm|m fsqzheham|ik" Mqhghqgk) imq cgt|cqmq qc qscicb gkqz|m| |cmahmq

m emahihzm| cqzm hbek|gmahb" Cqzc `ca`k t|kukam }sc im cumismahb jc ikq|cqsizmjkq qcm akgtihamjm"



52/75

Imq timzmek|gmq }sc |cmihvmb sb qcoshghcbzk jc ikq akbzmazkq qscicb ke|cac|kz|m qc|hc jc qc|uhahkq jc umik| mmjhjk) zmicq akgk akbqsizk|m k hbek|gmahb mgcjhjm) tk| imq }sc akl|mb sbm zm|hem m imq cgt|cqmq"

T|kgkahb

' Mocbzcq

T|kgkahb ' Mocbzcq

8#

=8#

?


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55/75

Im aklc|zs|m ocko|eham jc imq timzmek|gmq mbmihvmjmq zhcbc sb glhzkhbzc|bmahkbmi) qh|uhbjkqc jc im |cj jc Agm|mq jc Akgc|ahk) Cglmfmjmq xlmbakq cpz|mbfc|kq) akb |cjcq jc hbzc|gcjhm|hkq }sc qscicb qhzsm|qc tk|

cbahgm jc ikq


56/75

timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq m im akktc|mahb akgc|ahmi k jcakgt|mucbzm" Tm|m im akktc|mahb bk akgc|ahmi) cqzkq ghqgkq k|ombhqgkqakhbahjcb cb meh|gm| }sc imq cgt|cqmq e|mbacqmq t|cehc|cb |cas||h| mi z|mzk

tc|qkbmihvmjk) szhihvmbjk tm|m ciik ci zciekbk) ci emp) ci ak||ck cicaz|bhak k imcbz|cuhqzm tc|qkbmi"

Timzmek|gmq cb Hzmihm

Hzmihm cq) jc zkjkq ikq tmqcq cqzsjhmjkq) ci }sc t|cqcbzm sb gcbk| bhuci jcmtkxk tlihak cb ci jcqm||kiik jc mazhuhjmjcq jc akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi" Imgcbzmihjmj cgt|cqm|hmi hzmihmbm) aim|mgcbzc akbahcbahmjm jc ikq lcbcehahkqjc|humjkq jc cqzc zhtk jc mazhuhjmj) akbz|hlsxc m cptiham| cb o|mb gcjhjm cqzc`ca`k"

Imq cgt|cqmq sqsm|hmq qkb im t|hbahtmi escbzc tm|m im klzcbahb jc tc|ehicq" Tk|ik ocbc|mi bk qc iicum m amlk sb akbz|ki jc amihjmj jc ikq tc|ehicq x bk cphqzc sbqhqzcgm jc mic|zm"

Imq timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq cb Hzmihm jcqzmamb tk| im lmfmhgtk|zmbahm }sc ic akbacjcb m im t|kgkahb" Cb cqzc qcbzhjk) bhamgcbzc jkqjc ikq k|ombhqgkq cqzsjhmjkq iicum m amlk maahkbcq t|kgkahkbmicq e|cascbzcq"

Im umik|mahb }sc |cmihvmb ikq k|ombhqgkq hzmihmbkq jc imq timzmek|gmq jclq}scjm jc qkahkq cq) cb z|ghbkq oiklmicq) lscbm msb}sc gmzhvmbjk im

hgtk|zmbahm jc ke|cac| sb mqcqk|mghcbzk tc|qkbmihvmjk) esbjmgcbzmigcbzc mimq TXGC"

Timzmek|gmq cb Tkikbhm

Imq timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq mbmihvmjmq cb Tkikbhm ascbzmb) cbzkjkq ikq amqkq) akb mtkxk tlihak" Tk| ik ocbc|mi) ke|cacb qc|uhahkqakgticgcbzm|hkq) jcqzmambjk im hbek|gmahb akb cqzsjhkq jc gc|amjkqcpzc|hk|cq"

Im aklc|zs|m ocko|eham jc cqzmq timzmek|gmq qscic qc| hbzc|bmahkbmi" \cqtcazkm im |cj jc hbzc|gcjhm|hkq) qzkq bk qstc|mb ocbc|migcbzc ikq


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58/75

3" AKBAISQHKBCQ

Ikq |cqsizmjkq klzcbhjkq mbzc|hk|gcbzc `mb tc|ghzhjk cpz|mc| sbm qc|hc jcakbaisqhkbcq qkl|c imq am|mazc|qzhamq jc imq hbhahmzhumq jc akktc|mahbcgt|cqm|hmi cb Cqtmm) mq akgk qkl|c imq tm|zhasim|hjmjcq jc imq timzmek|gmqjc lq}scjm jc qkahkq"

Cqzmq akbaisqhkbcq) }sc qc|b mbmihvmjmq cb jczmiic m akbzhbsmahb) tscjcb|cqsgh|qc cb6

3"=" Msqcbahm jc asizs|m jc akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi cb imq cgt|cqmqcqtmkimq"3"


59/75

Akb cqzc ehb) qc|m akbucbhcbzc k|ombhvm| maahkbcq jc qcbqhlhihvmahb tm|mcpzcbjc| x m||mhom| im asizs|m jc akktc|mahb cbz|c ci cgt|cqm|hmjk cqtmki)akbahcbahbjkic qkl|c ikq lcbcehahkq jc im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi tm|m

maacjc| m ikq gc|amjkq cpzc|hk|cq" Cb cqzc qcbzhjk) qkb um|hmq imq hbhahmzhumq}sc qc tscjcb makgczc| tm|m ekgcbzm| jha`m akbahcbahmahb x akbz|m||cqzm| jcek|gm mazhum im am|cbahm jc asizs|m qkl|c akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi6

K|ombhvmahb tc|hjham jc fk|bmjmq }sc mlk|jcb ikq lcbcehahkq }sc imakktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi cbz|mm tm|m ci zcfhjk cgt|cqm|hmi"

Kz|k gzkjk cehamv tm|m akglmzh| im emizm jc asizs|m qkl|c akktc|mahbcgt|cqm|hmi cbz|c ikq cgt|cqm|hkq tkj|m qc| im hbaisqhb jc|cakgcbjmahkbcq cb imq tohbmq wcl" Jha`mq |cakgcbjmahkbcqtkj|mb zcbc| sb akbzcbhjk qhghim| mi t|cuhmgcbzc jcqa|hzk cb imq

a`m|imq"

Mqhghqgk tkj|m akbqhjc|m|qc im cjhahb jc ekiiczkq) jc lkiczhbcq jcjhesqhb tc|hjham k hbaisqk jc sbmtslihamahb tm|m qcbqhlhihvm| m imqcgt|cqmq qkl|c ikq lcbcehahkq jc im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi"

3"


60/75

jc qc|uhahkq jc mqcqk|mghcbzk) jc zmi gmbc|m }sc qzmq tscjmb makgczc| akbakbehmbvm x phzk qsq maahkbcq cb gmzc|hm jc akktc|mahb"

3"1" Emizm jc mjcasmahb jc imq |cjcq jc hbzc|gcjhm|hkq m sbkq |c}shqhzkqasmihzmzhukq lqhakq }sc om|mbzhacb qs ak`cqhb x amihjmj"

Cqzkq |c}shqhzkq qkb ikq qhoshcbzcq6

T|kgkzk|

Mtkxk tlihak6 im cphqzcbahm jc |cqtmijk tlihak cq uhzmi jcbz|k jc sbmtimzmek|gm jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq) xm }sc akbz|hlsxc m qstc|m| imqjhehasizmjcq jc |cbzmlhihjmj mqkahmjmq m cqzc zhtk jc mazhuhjmj" Mqhghqgk)t|ktk|ahkbm im hgmocb x a|cjhlhihjmj bcacqm|hmq tm|m ci ak||cazk

esbahkbmghcbzk jc im ghqgm"

Qc|uhahkq akgticgcbzm|hkq6 imq timzmek|gmq jclcb ke|cac| sb akbfsbzkjc qc|uhahkq }sc akbuhc|zmb m im `c||mghcbzm cb miok gq }sc sbm gc|mlq}scjm jc qkahkq) hbahzmbjk im cbz|mjm jc imq cgt|cqmq cb imtimzmek|gm jc ek|gm akbzhbsmjm x |cosim|" Cqzkq qc|uhahkq akgt|cbjcb)cbz|c kz|kq) ikq qhoshcbzcq6

k Hbek|gmahb6 bkzhahmq) cqzsjhkq qcazk|hmicq) hbek|gcq tmq kmakbzcahghcbzkq jc hbzc|q"

k Ek|gmahb6 as|qkq qkl|c ascqzhkbcq |cimzhumq m im ocqzhbcgt|cqm|hmi) ktc|mzhum hbzc|bmahkbmi) bscumq zcabkikomq) cza"

k Qc|uhahkq akgticgcbzm|hkq6 hbek|gcq akgc|ahmicq kmqcqk|mghcbzk tc|qkbmihvmjk"

Hbzc|gcjhm|hkq

Miosbkq jc ikq k|ombhqgkq akbzmazmjkq `mb akhbahjhjk cb qcmim| }sc imcehamahm jc sbm timzmek|gm jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq x) cb ocbc|mi) jc ikqqc|uhahkq t|cqzmjkq cb gmzc|hm jc akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi m imq cgt|cqmqjctcbjc) cb lscbm gcjhjm) jc im ak`cqhb x amihjmj jc qs |cj jchbzc|gcjhm|hkq"

Qcob ikq k|ombhqgkq }sc bkq `mb emahihzmjk hbek|gmahb qkl|c cqzm ascqzhb t|hbahtmigcbzc _k|ij Z|mjc M|cm) Oiklmi Z|mjc Tkhbz x CHA im ak`cqhb xamihjmj jc im |cj uhcbc jczc|ghbmjm tk| sbm qc|hc jc emazk|cq }sc qc jczmiimbcb ci t|cqcbzc mtm|zmjk"

Emazk|cq jc ak`cqhb jc sbm |cj jc hbzc|gcjhm|hkq"

' Bgc|k |mvkbmlic jc hbzc|gcjhm|hkq

Msb}sc |cqsizm gsx jheahi jcehbh| sb bgc|k jc hbzc|gcjhm|hkq akba|czk)cbz|c kz|kq gkzhukq tk|}sc jctcbjc jc im aklc|zs|m ocko|eham jc im t|kthm



61/75

|cj x jc qsq klfczhukq) cb ik }sc q akhbahjcb ikq k|ombhqgkq }sc `mbmtk|zmjk hbek|gmahb qkl|c cqzc mqsbzk cq }sc asmbzk gmxk| cq ci bgc|kjc hbzc|gcjhm|hkq) gq akgtihamjm |cqsizm im ocqzhb jc im |cj x gmxk|cq

|hcqokq cphqzcb jc }sc qc jczc|hk|c im amihjmj jc ikq qc|uhahkq t|cqzmjkq" Mcqzc |cqtcazk) qc mjuhc|zc }sc im gmxk|m jc imq |cjcq mbmihvmjmq ascbzmbakb sb bgc|k jc hbzc|gcjhm|hkq }sc kqahimb cbz|c =44 x


62/75

amqk jc ikq CHA) im hgticgcbzmahb jc msjhzk|mq asmbjk qc jczcazmbjhehasizmjcq o|mucq"

Tc|ehicq jc akktc|mahb

Gmqm a|zham jc tc|ehicq }sc tc|ghzm jhqtkbc| jc sbm o|mb um|hcjmj jcqcazk|cq x jc tmqcq |ct|cqcbzmjkq" Ci bgc|k cpmazk jc tc|ehicqbcacqm|hkq tm|m om|mbzhvm| sb esbahkbmghcbzk ak||cazk jctcbjc|) cbizhgm hbqzmbahm) jc im mgtihzsj jc qcazk|cq x tmqcq }sc im timzmek|gmmlm|}sc" Zcbhcbjk cb ascbzm imq timzmek|gmq cqzsjhmjmq qc cqzhgm }sccb zk|bk m :"444 tc|ehicq mazhukq qc|m sbm ahe|m mjcasmjm tm|m mzcbjc| mimq bcacqhjmjcq jc akktc|mahb jc zkjmq imq cgt|cqmq) cb sbm`c||mghcbzm jc glhzk hbzc|bmahkbmi x akb zkzmi aklc|zs|m qcazk|hmi"

Amihjmj jc ikq tc|ehicq6 imq timzmek|gmq jclcb cqzmlicac| miob zhtk jcgcambhqgk }sc tc|ghzm akbz|kim| im uc|mahjmj x amihjmj jc ikq tc|ehicq"Cqzc gcambhqgk tkj|m akbqhqzh| cb }sc sbm ucv }sc ikq tc|ehicqcqzsuhcqcb hbz|kjsahjkq) tmqmqcb m sbm emqc jc tcbjhcbzc jcumihjmahb tk| tm|zc jc ikq hbzc|gcjhm|hkq" Jc cqzc gkjk) ci tc|ehi bkmtm|cac|m cb im timzmek|gm tm|m qs akbqsizm tk| tm|zc jc ikq sqsm|hkq)`mqzm }sc bk qc `slhcqc akgt|klmjk qs amihjmj (uc|mahjmj jc imhbek|gmahb) qkiucbahm jc im cgt|cqm) cza" Im akgt|klmahb jc cqzmamihjmj im |cmihvm|mb ikq hbzc|gcjhm|hkq) lhcb o|mahmq m qs akbkahghcbzkjc imq cgt|cqmq jc im |cohb k lhcb m z|muq jc cgt|cqmq

cqtcahmihvmjmq cb amihehamahb a|cjhzhahm" Qh im umihjmahb jc imhbek|gmahb bk |cqsizmqc qmzhqemazk|hm) qc cbuhm|m sb c'gmhi mi sqsm|hkakgsbhabjkic ikq gkzhukq tk| ikq }sc qs tc|ehi `m qhjk |ca`mvmjk) jcek|gm }sc tsjhcqc qkiucbzm| tkqhlicq c||k|cq" Mqhghqgk) cq akbucbhcbzc}sc ikq tc|ehicq zcbomb miosbm eca`m jc amjsahjmj k qhqzcgm mszkgzhakjc lk||mjk) jc ek|gm }sc cphqzm sbm ahc|zm qcos|hjmj cb asmbzk m imuhocbahm jc im kec|zm jc akktc|mahb"

Qhqzcgm jc lq}scjm6 im `c||mghcbzm jclc tc|ghzh| bk qik sb maacqkjh|cazk jc imq cgt|cqmq m ikq tc|ehicq jc akktc|mahb) qhbk mjcgq|cmihvm| lq}scjmq mzcbjhcbjk m jhuc|qkq a|hzc|hkq akgk tscjcb qc|qcazk|cq) tmqcq k zhtk jc akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi (jhqz|hlsahb)hbuc|qhb) """

Mic|zmq6 im t|kmazhuhjmj jc sbm timzmek|gm cq uhzmi tm|m qs ak||cazkesbahkbmghcbzk" Mq) cq hgtk|zmbzc cqzmlicac| sb qhqzcgm jc mic|zmq }sctc|ghzm mi sqsm|hk |cahlh|) qhb bcacqhjmj jc lq}scjm) ikq tc|ehicqhbz|kjsahjkq }sc tscjmb qc| jc qs hbzc|q" Ci cqzmlicahghcbzk jc cqzcqhqzcgm jc cbuk jc mic|zmq t|cahqm }sc ikq tc|ehicq cqzb tc|ecazmgcbzcjcqa|hzkq mzcbjhcbjk m sbm qc|hc jc a|hzc|hkq cqzmlicahjkq t|cuhmgcbzc(qcazk|cq) tmqcq) zhtk jc akktc|mahb) cza)mq akgk sbm gmqm a|zham

gbhgm"

Qhzsmahb jc imq maahkbcq tm|m t|kgkuc| im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi" 5=Tc|qtcazhumq jc eszs|k


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Hjhkgm6 sbm timzmek|gm jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq jc am|azc| hbzc|bmahkbmicphoc }sc cqzm ke|cvam im tkqhlhihjmj jc qcicaahkbm| um|hkq hjhkgmq"Mjcgq jci hjhkgm ikami) cq mlqkiszmgcbzc bcacqm|hk ci hboiq"

Qcoshghcbzk6 Qc z|mzm jc sb cicgcbzk cqcbahmi m im `k|m jc umik|m||cqsizmjkq x jc qmlc|) cb akbqcascbahm) qh qc `m iicomjk m masc|jkqcecazhukq" Tm|m ciik jclc t|cuc|qc) jcbz|k jc im timzmek|gm) sb mtm|zmjkjc qcoshghcbzk }sc tc|ghzm) zmbzk mi t|kgkzk| akgk m ikq hbzc|gcjhm|hkq)jczc|ghbm| ci cqzmjk jc ikq tc|ehicq }sc qc `mb hbz|kjsahjk) mq akgk}s cgt|cqmq qc `mb tscqzk cb akbzmazk x tm|m }s zhtk jcakktc|mahb" Im hbek|gmahb }sc t|ktk|ahkbm cqzc gcambhqgk emahihzm imqtkqzc|hk|cq imlk|cq jc qcoshghcbzk) xm }sc jcihghzm ci bgc|k jccgt|cqmq qkl|c imq }sc |cmihvm| ci ghqgk"

Qhzsmahb jc imq maahkbcq tm|m t|kgkuc| im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi" 5


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T|kgkahb

T|kgkahb mazhum6 cq esbjmgcbzmi tm|m mqcos|m| im cehamahm jc imtimzmek|gm" Qh akbqhjc|mgkq) cb cecazk) }sc ci phzk jc sbm timzmek|gmuhcbc jczc|ghbmjk tk| qs bhuci jc maacqk x ci ukisgcb jc tc|ehicqhbz|kjsahjkq) im t|kgkahb |cas||cbzc |cqsizm bcacqm|hm tm|m miambvm|cqzkq klfczhukq" Cb asmbzk m ikq gcjhkq) iohamgcbzc asmbzk gqum|hmjkq qcmb) gmxk| miambac zcbj| im t|kgkahb" Qc klqc|um }sc sbmek|gm jc t|kgkuc| ci sqk jc sbm timzmek|gm) mjcgq jc hbaish| ci cbimaccb ci gmxk| bgc|k jc qhzhkq wcl |cimahkbmjkq akb im akktc|mahbcgt|cqm|hmi x jc hbek|gm| jc qs cphqzcbahm cb ikq ek|kq gq jhuc|qkq) cqmqkahm| m im timzmek|gm kz|m qc|hc jc qc|uhahkq jc umik| mmjhjk }scekgcbzcb qs sqk"

Zkjkq cqzkq |c}shqhzkq asmihzmzhukq |cec|hjkq mi t|kgkzk|) m ikq hbzc|gcjhm|hkq) mikq tc|ehicq jc akktc|mahb x m im t|kgkahb qkb ikq }sc `mb qc|uhjk tm|m imjcehbhahb esbahkbmi x zabham jc sbm timzmek|gm gkjcik (uc| mtm|zmjk ?" Tk|kz|m tm|zc) akbqhjc|mbjk ci o|mb hbzc|q }sc zhcbc cqzm hbek|gmahb tm|m imqtimzmek|gmq cqtmkimq) im JOTXGC ikq jhesbjh| m zkjkq ikq mocbzcqhgtihamjkq cb im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi x ikq hbaish| mjcgq cb qs tohbmwcl (www"htxgc"k|o"

Mjcgq) im JOTXGC qc `m timbzcmjk }sc qc|m jc o|mb szhihjmj qc|uh| jc|cec|cbzc hbek|gmzhuk m bhuci bmahkbmi jc m}sciimq timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jc

qkahkq }sc asgticb sbkq |c}shqhzkq gbhgkq jc amihjmj" Tm|m ciik) hbz|kjsah|mcb qs tohbm wcl sb mtm|zmjk jc Cbimacq m timzmek|gmq jc akktc|mahbjcbz|k jc im qcaahb jc akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi"

http://www.ipyme.org/http://www.ipyme.org/


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T | kg k a

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T|kgkamazhu

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T | k g k z k | T c| eh icq\ C] S H QH Z K Q J C IM Q T I M Z M E K \ G M Q J C L Q ] S C J M J C QK A H K Q

Qhzsmahb jc imq maahkbcq tm|m t|kgkuc| im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi"Tc|qtcazhumq jc eszs|k


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3":" Gcfk| mjmtzmahb jc imq timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq m imakktc|mahb akgc|ahmi"

Akgk qc `m tscqzk jc gmbhehcqzk um|hmq ucacq m ik im|ok jci cqzsjhk) imakktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi mlm|am gsizhzsj jc masc|jkq jc gsx jhqzhbzmbmzs|micvm x akgticfhjmj) jcqjc im qhgtic akgt|mucbzm jc t|kjsazkq) m imakbaisqhb jc sb masc|jk jc z|mbqec|cbahm jc zcabkikom k im akbqzhzsahb jcsbm fkhbz ucbzs|c" Jcbz|k jc cqzm jhuc|qhjmj) im gmxk|m jc ikq k|ombhqgkqakbzmazmjkq akhbahjcb cb qcmim| }sc imq timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq)lmqmjmq cb lmqcq jc jmzkq) qc mjmtzmb gcfk| m im akktc|mahb jc zhtkakgc|ahmi }sc m kz|mq gkjmihjmjcq jc akktc|mahb"

Tc|k cqzm lscbm mjmtzmahb jc imq timzmek|gmq m im akktc|mahb akgc|ahmi bk

qik uhcbc mumimjm tk| ikq akgcbzm|hkq jc im gmxk|m jc ikq k|ombhqgkqcbz|cuhqzmjkq) qhbk zmglhb tk| ikq |cqsizmjkq" X cq }sc zkjmq imq timzmek|gmqcqzsjhmjmq hbaisxcb sbm aim|m gmxk|m jc tc|ehicq jc akktc|mahb akgc|ahmi" Cblscbm tm|zc jc ciimq) im tkqhlhihjmj jc hbz|kjsah| tc|ehicq cb kz|kq glhzkq jc imakktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi zmglhb cqz akbzcgtimjm) tc|k qs szhihvmahb cqaim|mgcbzc gm|ohbmi"

Cqzm qhzsmahb klcjcac) cb tm|zc) mi gmxk| jcqm||kiik jc im akktc|mahbakgc|ahmi e|cbzc m kz|kq zhtkq jc akktc|mahb gq akgticfkq x }sc hbak|tk|mbgmxk|cq |hcqokq cakbghakq x ehbmbahc|kq" Tc|k cphqzcb zmglhb kz|k zhtk jc|mvkbcq }sc cptihamb cqzm gcfk| mjmtzmahb m im akktc|mahb akgc|ahmi" Cbz|c

ciimq) amlc gcbahkbm| imq qhoshcbzcq6

' Eahi am|mazc|hvmahb jci tc|ehi akgc|ahmi gcjhmbzc ajhokq jc glhzksbhuc|qmi6 ABMC x qhqzcgm m|gkbhvmjk"

' Zhtkq jc ktk|zsbhjmj makzmjkq6 akgt|m x ucbzm' Cqzc zhtk jc tc|ehicq bk |c}shc|c hbek|gmahb mjhahkbmi akgticfm6 tk| ik

ocbc|mi lmqzm akb jcqa|hlh| ambzhjmj x+k amihjmj |c}sc|hjm s ke|cahjm' Cb cqzc zhtk jc akktc|mahb) imq cgt|cqmq qc gscqz|mb gcbkq |cacikqmq m

im `k|m jc akgsbham| hbek|gmahb m z|muq jc im |cj"' Cb jcehbhzhum) im qhqzcgmzhvmahb jc ikq tc|ehicq jc cqzc zhtk jc akktc|mahb

cq gsa`k gq eahi) jc m` }sc tscjmb cqz|sazs|m|qc cb lmqc jc jmzkq"

Jcbz|k jc im akktc|mahb akgc|ahmi bk zkjkq ikq qcazk|cq ke|cacb) iohamgcbzc)im ghqgm mjmtzmlhihjmj m imq timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq lmqmjmq cblmqcq jc jmzkq" Mq) asmbzk gq akgticfk cq ci t|kjsazk) gq jheahi |cqsizm qsakgc|ahmihvmahb m z|muq jc sbm timzmek|gm" X cq }sc bk cq ik ghqgk ucbjc|uhbk k gmzc|hmq t|hgmq) }sc sbm timbzm iimuc cb gmbkjc jcts|mahb jc mosmqk sb t|kxcazk jc hbocbhc|m" Ciik cptiham }sc cb ikq tc|ehicq jc akktc|mahb jcimq timzmek|gmq cqzsjhmjmq mlsbjcb jczc|ghbmjkq qcazk|cq akgk mihgcbzmahb)gmzc|hmq t|hgmq x lhcbcq jc akbqsgk"

Zcbhcbjk cb ascbzm cqzkq emazk|cq) bk qk|t|cbjc }sc tm|m kz|k zhtk jcakktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi bk akgc|ahmi' akbqzhzsahb jc sbm fkhbz ucbzs|c)masc|jk jc z|mbqec|cbahm jc zcabkikom) cza ' imq cgt|cqmq x ikq k|ombhqgkq



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cbam|omjkq jc mtkxm| im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi |cas||mb m kz|kq gcjhkq" Mcqzc |cqtcazk) qc tscjcb jhqzhbosh| jkq zhtkq jc hbqz|sgcbzkq6 hbqz|sgcbzkq kee'ihbc c hbqz|sgcbzkq kb ihbc"

' Hbqz|sgcbzkq kee'ihbc

Qcob ikq k|ombhqgkq cbz|cuhqzmjkq) ikq hbqz|sgcbzkq kee'ihbc) akgk ci zciekbk)ci emp k im cbz|cuhqzm) qkb ikq gcjhkq gq szhihvmjkq tk| imq cgt|cqmq tm|mqkihahzm| mtkxk cb im lq}scjm jc qkahkq cb t|kxcazkq jhqzhbzkq m imakktc|mahb akgc|ahmi"

Ciik klcjcac) qcob cqzkq k|ombhqgkq) mi |cacik jc imq cgt|cqmq m jhesbjh| mz|muq jc Hbzc|bcz hbek|gmahb qkl|c t|kxcazkq jc akktc|mahb akbqhjc|mjkqakgk qcbqhlicq" Tk| izhgk) x akgk xm qc `m qcmimjk) im akgticfhjmj jc cqzc

zhtk jc t|kxcazkq x im mlsbjmbzc hbek|gmahb }sc qscicb |c}sc|h| `macb }scqcm cqtcahmigcbzc jheahi cgticm| imq timzmek|gmq tm|m jhesbjh| cqzkq t|kxcazkqx `miim| tkqhlicq qkahkq"

' Hbqz|sgcbzkq kb ihbc

Im jheahi mjmtzmahb jc im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi bk akgc|ahmi mjczc|ghbmjmq timzmek|gmq kb ihbc bk qhobheham }sc qzmq bk qc cgticcb) qh lhcbqs szhihvmahb cq gm|ohbmi" M cqzc |cqtcazk) qc klqc|um }sc imq timzmek|gmqszhihvmjmq tm|m cqzkq t|kxcazkq qkb jc jkq zhtkq"

Tk| sb imjk) imq timzmek|gmq cqtcahmihvmjmq) zmbzk qcazk|hmigcbzc) akgk tk|zhtk jc akktc|mahb (timzmek|gmq cqtcahmihvmjmq) tk| cfcgtik) cb t|kxcazkq jcz|mbqec|cbahm jc zcabkikom" M jhec|cbahm jc imq timzmek|gmq jc lq}scjm jcqkahkq lmqmjmq cb lmqcq jc jmzkq akb tc|ehicq jc akktc|mahb) m}sciimqtimzmek|gmq qscicb hbak|tk|m| sbkq |ctc|zk|hkq jczmiimjkq x tc|gmbcbzcgcbzcmazsmihvmjkq jc k|ombhqgkq x cbzhjmjcq |cimahkbmjkq akb ci qcazk| k ci zhtk jcakktc|mahb cqtcaehak"

Tk| kz|k) im lq}scjm jc qkahkq tm|m t|kxcazkq jc akktc|mahb bk akgc|ahmiqscic cecazsm|qc m z|muq jc imq timzmek|gmq hbzc|bmq k hbz|mbczq jc imq |cjcqjc akktc|mahb" Cb cqzc amqk) qc z|mzm jc qhqzcgmq jc gcbqmfcq gq k gcbkq

qkehqzhamjkq x cqz|sazs|mjkq qkl|c im lmqc jc ek|gsim|hkq) m z|muq jc ikqasmicq ikq hbzc|gcjhm|hkq qkihahzmb) m |c}sc|hghcbzk jc qsq cgt|cqmq aihcbzcq)hbek|gmahb m kz|kq ghcgl|kq jc im |cj" Cb mglkq amqkq) cqzmq timzmek|gmqqscicb mazsm| akgk akgticgcbzk jc ikq hbqz|sgcbzkq `mlhzsmicq cb cqzc zhtkjc akktc|mahb akgk qkb ci zciekbk x ci emp"



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5" JCEHBHAHB ESBAHKBMI X ZABHAM JC SBM TIMZMEK\GM GKJCIK"

Sbm ucv hjcbzhehamjkq ikq |c}sc|hghcbzkq x imq bcacqhjmjcq cqtcaehamq jc imakktc|mahb akgc|ahmi x bk akgc|ahmi cb ci zc||cbk jc imq timzmek|gmq jclq}scjm jc qkahkq) qc ke|cac im jcehbhahb esbahkbmi x zabham jc sbmtimzmek|gm gkjcik"

Im timzmek|gm jclc mtkxm|qc cb sbm |cj jc akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi }scasgtim) mi gcbkq) akb ikq |c}shqhzkq jc ak`cqhb x amihjmj"

' \cj ak`cqhkbmjm x `kgkobcm akgtscqzm tk| sb bgc|k jchbzc|gcjhm|hkq bk gsx bsgc|kqk (cbz|c


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akktc|mahb jc sbm hbz|mbcz }sc tc|ghzm) cbz|c kz|mq esbahkbcq) im lq}scjmjc qkahkq tm|m cqzc zhtk jc t|kxcazkq" Tm|m ciik) im `c||mghcbzm qcakgtkbj|m jc jkq esbahkbmihjmjcq lqhamq6

\ctc|zk|hk jc zkjkq ikq ghcgl|kq jc im |cj akb qsq jmzkq jcakbzmazk lqhakq"

@c||mghcbzm jc akgsbhamahb hbzc|bm akb ek|gsim|hkq cqtcaehakq cbesbahb jci zhtk jc akbqsizm }sc qc umxm m ek|gsim|" Im lq}scjm jcqkahkq zcbj|m) tk| ik zmbzk) mqkahmjm qs ek|gsim|hk ak||cqtkbjhcbzc"

Zmi x akgk qc hbjham cb ci mtm|zmjk mbzc|hk|) im timzmek|gm akbzm| akb sbm`c||mghcbzm jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq lmqmjm cb sbm lmqc jc jmzkq" Sbk jc ikqt|hbahtmicq emazk|cq jc phzk cq im cphqzcbahm jc sbm gmqm a|zham jc tc|ehicq k)ik }sc cq ik ghqgk) jc sbm ambzhjmj jc tc|ehicq qsehahcbzc }sc tc|ghzm sbm

mqkahmahb mszkgzham jc tc|ehicq x sbm aklc|zs|m qcazk|hmi x ocko|eham mgtihm"

Tm|m jkzm| m sbm timzmek|gm jc |cahcbzc a|cmahb jc cqm gmqm a|zham jctc|ehicq) sbm jc imq qkisahkbcq }sc qc tscjcb timbzcm| cq im hbzco|mahb jc imqlmqcq jc jmzkq jc kz|mq timzmek|gmq t|cuhmgcbzc qcicaahkbmjmq"

\cqsizm) tk| ciik) esbjmgcbzmi) jczc|ghbm| ikq a|hzc|hkq jc qcicaahb c hjcbzheham|imq timzmek|gmq m imq }sc qc icq tkj|m timbzcm| jha`m hbzco|mahb"

' A|hzc|hkq jc qcicaahb6

Tm|m im qcicaahb jc imq timzmek|gmq) qc zcbj|b cb ascbzm ikq a|hzc|hkq|cimzhukq m ikq tc|ehicq6

k Bgc|k jc tc|ehicqk Amihjmj

' T|ktscqzm jc lmqcq jc jmzkq hbzco|mlicq6

Jc masc|jk akb ci mbihqhq iicumjk m amlk cb cqzc cqzsjhk) imq timzmek|gmqgq hjbcmq tm|m iicum| m amlk qs hbzco|mahb) qc|mb imq qhoshcbzcq6

k Oiklmi Z|mjc Tkhbz (Cqtmmk _k|ij Z|mjc M|cm (Cqtmmk JH@N (Micgmbhmk LEMH (Micgmbhmk _k|ij A`mglc|q Bczwk|n (E|mbahmk LGL T|kgkzhkbq (Tkikbhm

Fsbzk m imq lmqcq jc jmzkq jc cqzmq timzmek|gmq) zmglhb tm|cac iohak }scqc hbzco|cb imq lmqcq jc jmzkq jc ikq ghcgl|kq jc im |cj }sc asgtimb akbikq ktk|zsbkq a|hzc|hkq jc amihjmj"



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Ci hbzc|q }sc tscjcb zcbc| kz|mq timzmek|gmq cb tm|zhahtm| cb cqzm hbhahmzhum cqkluhk) cb im gcjhjm cb }sc akbqhoscb mgtihm| qs lmqc jc jmzkq jc tc|ehicq makqzm jc sbmq mjmtzmahkbcq gbhgmq jc qsq |cqtcazhumq timzmek|gmq"

Akb im hbzco|mahb jc imq lmqcq jc jmzkq zkjmq imq timzmek|gmq tm|zhahtmbzcq)zkjkq akgtm|zh|mb sbm ghqgm lmqc jc jmzkq x sbkq ghqgkq t|hbahthkq qkl|cqs mihgcbzmahb x akbqsizm" Qhb cglm|ok) im wcl x im hbz|mbcz jc im bscumtimzmek|gm qc|mb) cb t|hbahthk) jc sqk cpaisqhuk jc im |cj jc akktc|mahbocqzk|m"

Tm|m imq timzmek|gmq tm|zhahtmbzcq) im hbzco|mahb hgtiham|m6

Ocbc|mahb jc `c||mghcbzmq tm|m im hbzco|mahb jc imq lmqcq jcjmzkq cb im bscum timzmek|gm jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq"

Mqsbahb jc sbmq bk|gmq akgsbcq jc hbz|kjsaahb jc ikq tc|ehicq xakbz|ki jc cqmq bk|gmq tk| ci t|kgkzk| jc im timzmek|gm"

Tk| izhgk) cb Mbcpk qc jczmiim im cqz|sazs|m jc im timzmek|gm }sc tkj|m qc|uh|jc gkjcik x }sc zhcbc z|cq cicgcbzkq lqhakq6

' Lmqc jc jmzkq hbzco|mjm' Hbz|mbcz tm|m hbzc|gcjhm|hkq' _cl qhzc



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?" CQTCAHMI \CEC\CBAHM M IM \CJ JC CS\K HBEK ACBZ\KQ (CHA

?"=" Ucbzmfmq jc im \cj jc CHA

Cbz|c imq |cjcq }sc `cgkq cqzsjhmjk) im \cj CHA cq im }sc asgtic cb gmxk|gcjhjm ikq |c}shqhzkq jczmiimjkq cb ci mtm|zmjk 3"1" Cqzm akbaisqhb qc mtkxmcb imq qhoshcbzcq akbqzmzmahkbcq6

Ak`cqhb x `kgkocbchjmj jc im |cj CHA

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jc gmbc|m }sc qc t|cqcbzmb lmfk im ek|gm jc zcpzk timbk jcakbzcbhjk gsx um|hmlic"

k Tm|zbc| Qcm|a` Jmzmlmqc6 cq im mbzhosm timzmek|gm L\C" Bk `mqse|hjk bhbob zhtk jc mazsmihvmahb jcqjc ci mk


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' Ocqzhb jc im timzmek|gm tk| im |cj jc CHA

T|ktkbc| m im JO Cgt|cqm }sc im t|kgscum" M`k|m cq sb lscb gkgcbzktk|}sc im JOCgt|cqm `m gmbhecqzmjk qs ukisbzmj jc |mahkbmihvmahb x|cimbvmghcbzk jc im mazhuhjmj jc lq}scjm jc qkahkq" Im JOTXGC)akbqahcbzc jc im szhihjmj jc cqzc cqzsjhk tm|m im akbqz|saahb jc sbmtimzmek|gm jc amihjmj) cbuhm| qsq akbaisqhkbcq m im JOCgt|cqm tm|makbz|hlsh| cb cqzc t|kacqk"

Cqzm mizc|bmzhum hgtiham|m timbzcm| ci qhoshcbzc cq}scgm jc ocqzhb xehbmbahmahb jc im timzmek|gm6

T|kgkzk|6 JO Cgt|cqm\cj6 akbfsbzk jc CHA

Ehbmbahmahb6 JO Cgt|cqm

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' Ocqzhb jc im timzmek|gm tk| im |cj CHA gq sbm qcicaahb jc mbzhoskqak||cqtkbqmicq L\C

Kz|m mizc|bmzhum qc|m t|ktkbc| im ocqzhb jc im bscum timzmek|gm m sbm |cjakgtscqzm tk| ikq CHA x tk| sbm qcicaahb jc mbzhoskq ak||cqtkbqmicq

L\C"

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T|kgkzk|6 JO Cgt|cqm\cj6 CHA . qcicaahb jc mbzhoskq ak||cqtkbqmicq L\CEhbmbahmahb6 JO Cgt|cqm

Mjcgq jc imq ucbzmfmq qcmimjmq cb im ktahb mbzc|hk|) cqzm t|ktscqzmqstkbc sb hba|cgcbzk jc im lmqc jc cgt|cqmq sqsm|hmq x jc qs aklc|zs|m

ocko|eham" Kz|m ucbzmfm hgtk|zmbzc cq }sc tc|ghzc mt|kuca`m| imcptc|hcbahm jc ikq gcfk|cq ghcgl|kq jc im mbzhosm |cj L\C"

' Akgk hbakbucbhcbzc jc cqzm ktahb `mx }sc ahzm| sbm gmxk| jhehasizmj jcocqzhb jc im |cj mi msgcbzm| ci bgc|k jc hbzc|gcjhm|hkq x) zmi ucv) sbmt|jhjm jc `kgkocbchjmj cb im ghqgm"

Im aimuc jc cqzm mizc|bmzhum |cqhjc iohamgcbzc cb im qcicaahb jc ikqmbzhoskq ghcgl|kq L\C" M cqzc |cqtcazk) qc tscjcb ek|gsim| imqqhoshcbzcq klqc|umahkbcq cb |cimahb mi bgc|k jc hbzc|gcjhm|hkqqcicaahkbmjkq x ikq a|hzc|hkq jc qcicaahb

Qhzsmahb jc imq maahkbcq tm|m t|kgkuc| im akktc|mahb cgt|cqm|hmi" ?1Tc|qtcazhumq jc eszs|k


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' Bgc|k jc hbzc|gcjhm|hkq6 Imq ucbzmfmqmqkahmjmq m im cphqzcbahm jc sbm|cj akb sb bgc|k gmxk| jc hbzc|gcjhm|hkq zhcbcb }sc qc| akgtmzhlicqakb ikq a|hzc|hkq jc amihjmj x ak`cqhb mtsbzmjkq" Ciik hgtiham }sc cibgc|k jc mbzhoskq ghcgl|kq L\C hbak|tk|mjkq m im |cj ocqzk|m jc imbscum timzmek|gm jclc qc| |mvkbmlic" M cqzc |cqtcazk x zcbhcbjk cbascbzm }sc im |cj jc CHA qc akgtkbc cb im mazsmihjmj jc sbkq

instrumentos para promover la cooperacion empresarial en españa(es)/ instruments to promote the...

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