homenaje a adriano irala burgos - maestro y pensador - portalguarani

7/31/2019 HOMENAJE A ADRIANO IRALA BURGOS - MAESTRO Y PENSADOR - PORTALGUARANI

1/405

=

Rlzkytm dl cm \gkzlrykdmd Imtckim G|lytrm Ylfrm dl cm My|gikg

Zfc' __ { __K Gy =%2 My|g ikg dl c ^mrma|m{ Dkiklebrl 2>>9

OFELGM@L M MDRKMGF KRMCM B\RAFYEMLYTRF [ LGYMDFR

K' BKFARMJKM [ BKBCKFARMJKM =9

KK' TL_TFY DL MDRKMGF KRMCM B\RAFY 49

=' Tlxtfy j|gdmelgtmcly

2' Ftrmy ifgtrkb|ikfgly

KKK' LYT\DKFY [ IFELGTMRKFYYFBRL Y\ FBRM 9


2/405

2

qqq'~frtmca|mrmgk'ife
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3/405

9



4/405

4



5/405

Tlxtfy dl Mdrkmgf Krmcm B|rafy ifgytkt|{l cm yla|gdm # ~rkg%ik~mc# { ey lxtlgym ~mrtl dl lytl ckbrf' Om ~rkemdf lc irktlrkf dl~|bckimr# dlgtrf dl |gm ylcliikg egkem# tlxtfy dl dkzlryf ifgtlgk%df { jfr emtf' Yl ~rltlgdl my }|l# lc&m clitfr&m dky~fgam dl |gm zmrkl%

dmd dl yliikfgly dl emglrm }|l cl ylm jikc ylcliikfgmr cf }|l cl kgtl%rlym ~|dklgdf cllr cfy emtlrkmcly lg jfr em kgdl~lgdklgtl { lg lc fr%dlg }|l cl ~cmpim' Cf mgftmdf lx~ckim }|l i|lgtl ifg |g ykagkjkimt kzfgelrf dl yliikfgly# oltlrfaglmy ~lrf mr tki|cmdmy ifg cm cakim }|lyka|l' Lg lc ifg`|gtf# yl rl~ktlg kdlmy# mr a|elgtfy# lti'# lx~ckimbcl~fr cfy dkjlrlgtly ~bckify m }|klgly lytmbmg dkrkakdfy l kgdkimdfr dlcm ifolrlgikm dlc ~lgymeklgtf dl Krmcm B|rafy'

Lg ~rkelr c|amr# yl t klglg cfytlxtfy j|gdmelgtm cly' Ifgtkl%glg tlxtfy dl jkcfyfjm ~fctkim# ifef ~mr tl dl y| tlyky dfitfrmc yfbrllc ofebrl%kgdkzkd|f%yfikmc { cfy emg|yirktfy lifgekif%jkcfyjkifydl Emrx8 lc mgckyky okytrkif yfbrl |g tlem rli|rrlgtl lg tfdm y|fbrm 0 cm kdlfcfam dlc Dr' @fy Amy~mr Rfdra|lp dl Jrmgikm8 { cm l~ky%tlefcfam dl cm o kytfrkm lg lc ^mrma|m{' Cfy ldktfrly ifgykdlrmg }|llytfy trly lyt|dkfy rly|elg# ~fr my dlikrcf# lc giclf dlc ~lgymeklgtfdl Mdrkmgf Krmcm B|rafy'

Lg yla|gdm kgytmgikm# yl i|lgtm ifg |gm lxtlgym { dkzlrym ~mr%tl dldkimdm mftrmy ifgtrkb|ikfgly# dldkimdm m jkcfyfjm l kdlfcfamy#kdlfcfamy { ~fctkim ~mrma|m{m# kaclykm ~mrma|m{m# @ ' A' R' dl Jrmgikm#{ ldktfrkmcly# lgtrlzkytmy# dkyi|ryfy { gftmy' Lc irktlrkf dl frdlgm%eklgtf dl cfy emtlrkmcly om ykdf ~mr tkr dl cf alglrmc omikm cf ly~lijk%if# ykg dlyifgfilr }|l cf ifgirltf yl lgi|lgtrm lg cf alglrmc { lg cfifgirltf cf alglrmc8 gf |g frdlg irfgfcakif# { ifg tlxtfy }|l zmgdlydl =;1< omytm =;;:'

Cm yliikg yfbrl jkcfyfjm l kdlfcfamy ife~rlgdl dlydl tlemyalglrmcly ifef cm r lclit|rm dlc ektf dl cm imzlr gm ~cmtgkim { lc mrm%a|m{ elytkpf { y|y zmcfrly ~mrm lc ykacf __K' Yla|kdmelgtl kdlfcf%amy { ~fctkim ~mrma|m{m ifgt klgl mr ti|cfy {m jfimckpmdfy lg cm yla|g%dm ektmd dl cm dimdm dl =;?> dlc ^mrma|m{ ytrfgkytm }|l cl tfizkzkr m Krmcm B|rafy' Lg Kaclykm ~mrma|m{m0 okytfrkm { ife~rfekyf yf%ikmc yl mgmckpm m cm Kaclykm d|rmgtl @' A' R' dl Jrmgikm ifef y| ~rlylg %



11/405

==

ikm mgtl cfy ~rfbclemy yfikmcly {m lg cfy |ebrmcly dl lytl g|lzf yk%acf' ^fytlrkfrelgtl#@fy Amy~mr Rfdra|lp dl Jrmgikm lyt|dkm lc of%rkpfgtl kdlfcakif dl cm gfzlcm dl M|a|ytf Rfm Bmytfy yfbrl lc Y|~rl%ef dkitmdfr'

^|bckimikfgly e|{ brlzly { oltlrfaglmy yl mar |~mg lg ldktf%rkmcly# lgtrlzkytmy# dkyi|ryfy { gftmy ' Cfy ldktfrkmcly dl Lyt|dkfy^mrma|m{fy yl frdlgmg ylag tlemy }|l rljcl`mg cmy ~rlfi|~mikf%gly { |ralgikmy dl jkgmcly dl cm dimdm dl =;1> l kgkikfy dl =;?># dlzkalgikm ~lr emglgtl { tklgl ifef l`l m cfy imebkfy mxkfcakify' Ylrlakytrmg dfy dkyi|ryfy# m cfy larlymdfy dl y| mgt ka|f ifclakf# lc Ymg@fy# lg =;;:# { cm Rlzfc|ikg jrmgilym { y| kgjc|lgikm lg ^mrma|m{#

lg cm Mckmgpm Jrmgilym# lg =;?=' Tmebkg yl kgic|{lg |gmy gftmy yf%brl tlemy dkzlryfy# kgic|{lgdf y| ofelgm`l m @ |mg ^mbcf KK'

Lyt|dkfy { ifelgtmrkfy yfbrl cm fbrm dl Mdrkmgf Krmcm

B|rafy ifgjfremg cm tlrilrm ~mrtl dl lytl ckbrf' Yl dkzkdl lg dfyyliikfgly' C m ~rkelrm ifgt klgl cfy tlxtfy dl dfy mitfy dl ofelgm`l my| ~lryfgm0 lg zkdm dl cm Jmi|ctmd dl Jkcfyfjm { Iklgikmy O|emgmy dlcm \gkzlrykdmd Imtckim dl My|gikg /\I+# ifef {m ~yt|emelgtllg cm Jmi|ctmd dl Jkcfyfjm dl cm \gkzlrykdmd Gmikfgmc dl My|gikg

/\GM+' Cm yla|gdm yliikg rlifal mgckyky yfbrl cm fbrm { zkdm dlMdrkmgf Krmcm B|rafy# dl ~|bckimikfgly lg dkmrkfy ifef m trmzy dllgym{fy lyirktfy ly~likmcelgtl ~mrm lytl ckbrf'

Jkgmcelgtl# yl mgftm }|l# yk bklg lc fb`ltkzf dl lytl trmbm`f j|lrli|~lrmr cm ~mcmbrm lyirktm dl Mdrkmgf Krmcm B|rafy# cm eftkzmikgem{fr lg tfdf efelgtf j|l lc rly~ltf { mjlitf mc Emlytr f# m cm ~lr%yfgm # ifg y|y dlbkckdmdly { y|y yfebrmy# my ifef tmebkg ifg y|y

miklr tfy# y| l`le~cf { y| alglrfykdmd' Lytl ly g|lytrf ~yt|ef trk%b|tf mc Emlytrf0 rli|~lrmr y| ~mcmbrm lyirktm# { y| l`le~cf dl im~mik%dmd# ofgrmdlp# ifolrlgikm# jl { alglrfykdmd# ke~rlyikgdkbcly# m{lr#of{ { emmgm'



12/405

=2



13/405

=9

K' BKFARMJKM [ BKBCKFARMJKMYFBRL MDRKMGF KRMCM B\RAFY

Bkfarmjm^fr Emrm Irkytkgm Rmerlp dl Imbmcclrf

Ek dlyi|brkeklgtf dl Bcakim^fr Mdrkmgf Krmcm B|rafy

^fr cfy imekgfy dl cm i|ct|rm' Cm bkbckftlim dl tr lyalglrmikfgly

Bkbckfarmjm

^fr Em' Irkytkgm Rmerlp dl Imbmcclrf



14/405

=4



15/405

=>9'

Rlmckp y|y lyt|dkfy ~rkemrkfy lg cm Lyi|lcm Gfr emc dl rfjl%yfrly ^rlykdlgtl Jrmgif lgtrl cfy mfy =;9: { =;4>' ^rfyka|k y|y

lyt|dkfy yli|gdmrkfy lg lc Ifclakf Ymg @ fy# dfgdl fbt|zf lc tt|cfdl Bmiokcclr lg Iklgikm { Cltrmy lg lc mf =;4:'

Lg cm lgtrlzkytm dlc =: dl fit|brl dl =;;:# Mdrkmgf Krmcm B|rafydkil0 rfzlgaf dl |gm jme kckm dl mbfamdfy { |gm dkjki|ctmd t|zl }|lzlgilr# i|mgdf mg|gik }|l gf ~lgymbm yla|kr cm imrrlrm dl mbfamim#

~fr}|l dlylmbm dldkimrel m cm jkcfyfjm { m cm ld|imikg' Dly~|y dlc

~rkelr y|ytf ek jmekckm mil~t ek ~rf~fykikg /el y|jrmamrfg cfy amy%

tfy+ { j|k m lyt|dkmr m cm Rl~bckim Mralgtkgm lg cm \gkzlrykdmd Gmikf%



18/405

=?

gmc dl C m ^cmtm lg lc mf =;4?# { el rlikb dl ^rfjlyfr dl Jkcfyfjm {

Iklgikmy dl cm Ld|imikg# lc 22 dl dkiklebrl dl =;


19/405

=;

i|ryfy { zfc|gtmrkfy dlc 4 {


20/405

2>

Tfdf cf ~mrma|m{f ly g|lytrf ~mrm dfclrgfy { ifrrlakrcf f

bklg ~mrm lgymcpmrcf' Lc emc { lc bklg gf irllefy }|l dlbmg mtrk%

b|kryl m |g yfcf ar|~f' Yfg fbrmy dl cm ife|gkdmd ~mrma|m{m#

ifef cmy dlydkiomy { cmy acfrkmy'

Irllefy lg g|lytrm ~mtrkm' Yfefy ~mrma|m{fy tftmcly { zl%

glrmefy cfy trly ifcfrly olremgmdfy dl g|lytrm lgylm ~mtrkm' Lc

^mrma|m{ ly ife~cl`f { dkjikc0 ~fr lyf gfy ~rlfi|~m { ~fr lyf cf

memefy lgtrmmbclelgtl'

]|lrlefy ife~lgltrmrgfy ifg cm i|ct|rm lxtrmg`lrm lg cm el%

dkdm }|l rly~fgdm m g|lytrf ly~rkt|8 ~fr lyf# rlifgfiklgdf |gm

ife|gkdmd oky~mgm# b|yimrlefy mykekcmr y| lylgikm fiikdlgtmc {

irkytkmgm'

^rf~kikmefy |gm rlzkykg tftmc dl zmcfrly0 cm i|ct|rm a|mrmg#

cm Ifg}|kytm { cm Ifcfgkm# cm Okytfrkm dl g|lytrm zkdm kgdl~lg%

dklgtl'

@|pamefy cfy oliofy { m cfy ofebrly ykg ~lt|cmgikm# ~lrf ykg

ekrmeklgtf m lgdkfymdfy irktlrkfy# ifg cm ylrlgm jrmg}|lpm dl cm

zlrdmd'

B|yimrlefy cm lylgikm dl g|lytrm gmikfgmckdmd lg cm j|%

ykg oky~mgfa|mrmg# dgdfcl m imdm i|mc y| zmcfr'

Lc a|mrmg ly g|lytrm clga|m ylgtkelgtmc8 lc imytlccmgf cm

dl g|lytrm i|ct|rm'

Lyt|dkmrlefy cm trmdkikg { lc jfchcfrl { dl~|rmrlefy g|ly%

trmy cl{lgdmy' Ke~rkekrlefy lc ylccf ~mrma|m{f lg tfdmy g|lytrmy

irlmikfgly'

fr cm i|ct|rm omikm |g ^mrma|m{ g|lzf# omikm Dkfy-

My|gikg# 2; dl mbrkc dl =;

Mdrkmgf Krmcm B|rafy ~lr tlglik mc Mtlglf mrma|m{f' Lytl j|llc ~rkelr ilgtrf cktlrmr kf dl armg r lcklzl# lc mg tka|f Mtlglf mrma|m%



21/405

2=

{f yl j|gd lc 2? dl |ckf dl =??9# lg cm rl|gkg ilclbrmdm lg lc dfek%ikckf dlc Dr' Mdfcjf Dlif|d# ~fr kgy~krmikg { ifg cm ~rlylgikm dlcdlytmimdf ofebr l dl cltrmy mralgtkgf Dr' Mdfcjf ' Imr rmgpm# Dkrli%tfr dl cm ~rlyt kakfym Rlzkytm Gmikfgmc lg }|l omg m~mr likdf dkzlr%

ymy l kgtlrlymgtly ifcmbfrmikfgly okytrkimy rlcmikfgmdmy ifg lc mrm%a|m{' Mit| ifef ylirltmrkf dl cm gmiklgtl lgtkdmd dlydl y| ofrm kgk%ikmc lc tmclgtfyf ife~mtrkftm Ilikckf Blp# dl tmg cmram { dlyifccmgtlmit|mikg ~fytlrkfr ifef ~lrkfdkytm# ~fctkif# ~mrcmelgtmrkf# imtldr%tkif# okytfrkmdfr { dk~cfet kif { jkgmcelgtl Rlitfr dl cm \gkzlrykdmdGmikfgmc m ey dl omblr l lrikdf cm ^rkelrm Emakytrmt|rm lg ofrmydkjikcly dl cm zkdm gmikfgmc'

Lc efdlrgf Mtlglf mrma|m{f rly|ct dl cm j|ykg dlc Kgytkt|tf^mrma|m{f { dlc Akegmykf m rma|m{f lg lc ely dl dkiklebrl dl =;99'Cm j|ykg yl rlmckp ifg cfy m|y~kikfy dlc Ekgkytrf dl Ld|imikg {@|ytkikm# @|ytf ^rkltf# { lc Mitm j|l jkremdm# lg rl~rlylgtmikg dlcKgytkt|tf mrma|m{f# ~fr E' Lckylf Ykym { Rleblrtf Akeglp { dlcAkegmykf mrma|m{f ~fr Zlgmgikf B' Amclmgf { Bmctmymr Bmccmrkf' Lgmymebclm rlmckpmdm lc 2= dl lglrf dl =;94# yl m~rfb lc Mitm dl cm|gkg { lc lytmt|tf dl cm g|lzm lgtkdmd'

Lc Mtlglf mrma|m{f tklgl ~fr jkgly lylgikmcly lytke|cmr lc i|c%tkzf { cm dkj|ykg dl cmy iklgikmy# mr tly { ld|imikg jykim lg y|y ~rkg%ik~mcly emgkjlytmikfgly { lytrliomr cfy zgi|cfy dl mekytmd { yfckdm%rkdmd lgtrl myfikmdfy' Lg i|e~ckeklgtf dl tmcly ~rf~yktfy# dky~fgldl |g c|amr dl lgylmgpm { rl|gkg yfikmc# dl |gm trkb|gm dl ifgjl%rlgikm { dl |gm bkbckftlim'

Dlydl =;9? omytm eldkmdfy dl =;4> yl ldkt cm Rlzkytm dlc

Mtlglf ^mrma|m{f ifg emtlrkmc iklgtjkif { o|emgytkif dl mctf zm%cfr' Lg =;:2 { bm`f cm dkrliikg Mdrkmgf Krmcm B|rafy# om rlm~mrlikdfdkiom ~|bckimikg' Mdley dl ylr lc Dkrlitfr dl cm Rlzkytm dlc Mtlglf^mrma|m{f# Mdrkmgf Krmcm B|rafy j|l eklebrf dl cm Ifekykg Dkrlitk%zm dl cm elgikfgmdm Kgyt kt|ikg'

Tmebkg j|l eklebrf dlc Kgytkt|tf ^mrma|m{f dl Lyt|dkfyAlf~fctkify l Kgtlr gmikfgmcly8 {# eklebrf j|gdmdfr# lc =4 dl emrpfdl =;:># dlc ^mr tkdf Dleirmtm Irkytkmgf'



22/405

22

M gkzlc kgtlrgmikfgmc j|l eklebrf dl cmy yka|klgtly yfikldmdly0=+ Yfikldmd Kgtlrgmikfgmc dl Eltmjykim# dl Qmyokgatfg DI# dlydl=;# |g mekaf ~mrklgtl# lc rfj' Dr' C|ky Emrkmgf Cmrm Imy%trf el rlamc lc ckbrf Cm rlblckg dl cmy emymy# cf cl lg zlkgtki|m%trf ofrmy { ~mrm ykle~rl emri ek lxkytlgikm'



23/405

29

G|gim mbmgdfg m Frtlam ~fr}|l ly |g jkcyfjf }|l ykle~rlkgy~krm imekgfy g|lzfy' El a|ytm tmebkg }|l om{m ykdf ~lrkfdkytm#~fr}|l lytf fbckam m lytmr lg ifgtmitf ifg cfy mifgtlikeklgtfy dl y|ifgtle~frmglkdmd { el cf milrim ey m e' [f tmebkg mofrm l`lrpf

lc ~lrkfdkyef lg \ctkem Ofrm'

Dly~|y dl Fr tlam el kgtrfd|`l lg cm jkcfyfjm icykim# cm arklam#cm rfemgm { cm eldklzmc ~fr cm zm dlc Dr' Yli|gdkgf Glp# m }|klge|iof cl dlblefy cfy dl g|lyt rm alglrmikg lyl mefr mc ylr# ifefeldktmikg }|l mr rmgim dlydl cm jkcfyfjm arklam# lym ~rlylgikm ifgy%tmgtl dl cm dkagkdmd dl cm ~lryfgm o|emgm' Tmcly kdlmy lyt|zklrfgykle~rl lg cmy lgylmgpmy dl Yli|gdkgf Glp { gfy cclgmbmg m cfy

`zlgly dl lgtfgily dl kdlmy jr tkcly' fr mo el kgtrfd|`l lg tfdf lc~lryfgmckyef l|rf~lf# }|l g|gim mbmgdfg# ly~likmcelgtl lc dl frk%alg jrmgiy' Dlbf dlikr tmebkg }|l ek jmekckm# ifg e|iom trmdkikg~fctkim ykle~rl ifgykdlr m cm ckblr tmd ifef |g zmcfr lylgikmc lg cmmjkr emikg dlc ofebrl'

^fr cm zm dlc ~lryfgmckyef ifgfi m Hmgt i|{f rmikfgmckyef ellgt|ykmye lg cm dfbcl zm dl cm rmpg ~|rm tlrkim { dl cm rmpg ~|rm

~ritkim' Cf }|l Hmgt ombm oliof ifg cfy rl{ly mbyfc|tfy el lgt|%ykmyembm { dlyi|br }|l lrm lc ~mdrl dlc Lytmdf Ckblrmc dl Dlrliof#tmg irktkimdf ytl ~fr cfy dkitmdfrly dl t|r gf lg lc mrma|m{'

Tfdmzm el jmctmbm mdlgtrmr el lg Dlyimr tly ~mrm mr tki|cmr cmokytfrkm dl cm jkcfyfjm { ly cf }|l o kil ~mrm tlglr |gm zkykg iffrdkgm%dm dlc dlymr rfccf dl cm jkcfyfjm lg y|y dkytkgtmy ltm~my'

El kgtlrly dly~|y ~fr cm jkcfyfjm dl Emrx# ly~likmcelgtl

~fr lc Emr x dl cm |zlgt|d# { yfbrl c zlry ek tlyky dl dfitfrmdf lgCfzmkgm'

^fr jkg# el ylgt lg ifgdkikfgly dl dlymr rfccmr ek ~rf~kf ~lgym%eklgtf# tmrlm lg cm }|l lytf{ dlydl omil mfy' Ykle~rl ifgylrzfifef okcf ifgd|itfr# dlydl Fr tlam omytm cfy efdlrgfy# cm mjkr emikgdlc zmcfr dl cm ~lryfgm o|emgm { y|y dlrliofy# cm ~lryfgm o|emgmmbklrtm omikm cm trmyilgdlgikm# mey icm|ym'



24/405

24

:' Mglxf

=' \gkzlrykdmd Imtckim G|lytrm Ylfrm dl cm My|gikg

'mi|ctmd Rmem Emtlrkm I|ryf Rlyfc 'liom Imtlafrm Fbylrzmikfgly

'mi I @|rdkimy I|ct|rm Imtckim = 2 =1%>9%:= Lgimramdf'mi I @|rdkimy I|ct|rm Imtckim 2 9 =1%>9%:= Lgimramdf

'mi I @|rdkimy 'kcfyfjm = 2> 2=%>2%:2 Lgimramdf

'mi I @|rdkimy 'kcfyfjm 2 2> 2=%>2%:2 Lgimramdf

'mi dl 'kcfyfjm Kgtrfd m cm jkc { m cm okytfrkm = 29 2:%>2%:2 Lgimramdf

'mi I @|rdkimy 'kcfyfjm /K+ = 9%:9 Lgimramdf

'mi I @|rdkimy 'kcfyfjm /KK+ 2 9%:9 Lgimramdf

'mi dl 'kcfyfjm Okyt dl cfy ykytlemy jkcfyjkify 2 9%:9 Lgimramdf

'mi dl 'kcfyfjm Okytfrkm Okyt dl cfy ykytlemy jkcfyjkify 2 9%:9 Lgimramdf

'mi dl Y Yfikmc Kgtrfd m cm jkcfy 19 =>%>%>4%:4 Lgimramdf

'mi I @|rdkimy 'kcfyfjm = ;2 >=%>4%:4 Lgimramdf

'mi I @|rdkimy 'kcfyfjm 2 ;2 >=%>4%:4 Lgimramdf

'mi dl Y Yfikmc Kgtrfd m cm jkcfyfjm 2 ;9 >=%>4%:4 Lgimramdf

'mi dl 'kcfyfjm Okyt dl cfy ykytlemy jkcfyjkify 2 =2< 29%>9%:< Lgimramdf'mi I @|rdkimy 'kcfyfjm /K+ imyf lxil~ikfgmc =9; 2;%>9%:< Lgimramdf

'mi I @|rdkimy 'kcfyfjm /KK+ imyf lxil~ikfgmc =9; 2;%>9%:< Lgimramdf

'mi dl 'kcfyfjm Okyt dl cm 'kcfy =


25/405

2%>;%1: Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm 'kcfy dl cm okyt 94 9>%>?%1: Lgimramdf

Tlfcfam Okyt dl cm 'kcfy 9 4 =?%>9%1: Lgimramdf

Tlfcfam Yle dl cm 'kcfy 2 4 =1%>?%1: Lgimramdf

Tlfcfam Yle l Okyt dl 'kcfyfjm 9: =1%>?%1: Lgimramdf'kcfyfjm Ltkim K { KK 1 9>%>9%1: Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm Kgzlr lryfgmc 1 9>%>9%1: Lgimramdf

I Yfikmcly Kdlfcfam mrma|m{m =: 2=%>9%11 Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm ^yki jkcfyjkim /Rmikfgmc+ 1 9>%>9%1: Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm ^yki jkcfyjkim =1 29%>9%11 Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm Kgzlr ~lryfgmc =1 29%>9%11 Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm =1 29%>9%11 Iffrdkgmdfr

I|ryf E|ctkdkyik~ckgmr Zkykg ~mgfrekim

~mrm lc dfitfrmdf dl cm \I dl cm okyt dl cm jkcfy 9? >9%>:%11 Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm ^ykifcfam ^yki jkcfyjkim ; >;%>9%1? Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm 'kcfyfjm Yle y&Olrelg|tkim KK ; >;%>9%1? Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm ; >;%>9%1? ^rfj Iffrd

I Yfikmcly Kdlfcfam ~mrma|m{m 9%1? Lgimramdf

I Yfikmcly Mgckyky dlc ifgtlgkdf 9%1; Iffrd dl D~tf

KYTIR Ylekg dl jkcfy 49&1; =:%>?%1; Lgimramdf

I rfbmtfrkf Mgc dl tlx jkcfyjkify 44&1; 2>%>?%1; Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm { IO D~tf dl 'kcfy# Okytfrkm { Cltrmy =2&?> 2>%>9%?> Iffrdkgmdfr

Tlfcfam Yle dl jkcfy ==&?> =1%>9%?> Lgimramdf

'mi 'kcfyfjm D~tf dl 'kcfyfjm# Okytfrkm { Cltrmy 9%?= Iffrdkgmdfr

'mi 'kcfyfjkm /'|l ifgtrmt { lg M0I 4< ylcc lg =;?=+ :&?= >:%>9%?= ^lremglgtl

Tlfcfam Ylekgmrkf Cm mgtrf~fcfam

lg cm okyt dl cm jkcfyfjm 22&?= 24%>9%?= Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm 'kcfyfjm Kgtrfd m cm tlfrm dl cm

iklgikm Ylekgmrkf0 rlyfirtkif 2>&?2 2:%>9%?2 Lgimramdf =lr Ylelytrl'kcfyfjm Kgtrfd m cm tlfrm dl cm iklgikm =>;&?2 2>%>9%?2 Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm 'kcfy dl cm Ld|i KK 9;&?9 >1%>=%?9 Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm Mrlm ifeg Kgtrfd m cm tlfrm dl cm iklgikm KK =>=&?9 22%>?%?9

'kcfyfjm { IO Mrlm ifeg Kgtrfd m cm tlfrm dl cm iklgikm K 22&?4 9>%>9%?4 Lgimramdf =lr Ylelytrl

'kcfyfjm { IO Mrlm ifeg ld Ld|i rfj

Emtl Kgtrfd m cm tlfrm 1?&?4 2;%>?%?4 Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm { IO Mrlm ifeg Kgtrfd m cm tlfrm dl cm iklgikm K 9=&?< =>%>4%?< Lgimramdf =lr Ylelytrl

'kcfyfjm Mrlm ifeg Kgtrfd m cm tlfrm dl cm iklgikm KK ?2&?< >1%>?%?: Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm { IO Kgtrfd m cm tlfrm dl cm iklgikm K ;&?: =>%>9%?: Lgimramdf 9 oy

I dtl Ytrflyyglr Ife|gkimikg =>&?: =>%>9%?: Lgimramdf =lr Ylelytrl

Eltfdfcfam =>&?: =>%>9%?: Lgimramdf =lr Ylelytrl

'kcfyfjm Mgtf~fcakim =>&?: =>%>9%?: Lgimramdf =lr Ylelytrl

'kcfyfjm Mrlm Ifeg Kgtrfd m cm tlfrm dl cm Iklgikm KK 1;&?: 2=%>1%?: Lgimramdf 2df Ylelytrl

Ytrflyyglr Mgtrf~fcfam jkcfyjkim Ife|gkimikg KK =>;%?: Lgimramdf'kcfyfjm Mrlm Ifeg Kgtrfd m cm tlfrm dl cm iklgikm K 1&?1 2?%>2%?1 Lgimramdf =lr Ylelytrl

I @|rdkimy I|ryf dl Lc ~lgymeklgtf jkcfyjkif =:&?1 ==%>9%?1 Lgimramdf

^fyt%Armdf { cmy rlcmikfgly kgtlrgmikfgmcly

Ytrflyyglr Ife|gkimikg K 4>&?1 >;%>4%?1 Lgimramdf =lr Ylelytrl

Ytrflyyglr Ife|gkimikg KK ?4&?1 9=%>1%?1 Lgimramdf 2df Ylelytrl

Mgtrf~fcfam jkcfyjkim

'kcfyfjm D~tf 'kc 'kc fctkim 9&?? >;%>2%?? Lgimramdf =lr Ylelytrl

Ytrflyyglr Ife Frmc { lyirktm 29&?? ==%>9%?? Lgimramdf =lr Ylelytrl

Ytrflyyglr Ife Frmc { lyirktm KK Mgt jkcfyjkim ;=&?? 9=%>?%?; Lgimramdf 2df Ylelytrl

Ytrflyyglr Ife|gkimikg K % 9=&?; 2?%>9%;; Lgimramdf =lr Ylelytrl

Eltfdfcfam 9=&?; 2?%>9%?; Lgimramdf =lr Ylelytrl

Ik|dmd dlc Lytl /Ytrflyyglr+ Mgtrf~jkcfyjkim% Ife Frmc { lyirktm ==:&?; ==%>?%?; Lgimramdf 2df Ylelytrl

Ife Frmc { lyirktm ==:&?; ==%>?%?; Lgimramdf 2df Ylelytrl

'mi|ctmd Rmem Emtlrkm I|ryf Rlyfc 'liom Imtlafrm Fbylrzmikfgly



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'kcfyfjm 'kcfyfjm L~kytlefcfam 4 dfit 24%1; Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm 'kcfyfjm Tlfrm dl cm iklgikm 4 dfit 4%>4%1; Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm 'kcfyfjm L~kytlefcfam 4 dfit >4%>4%1; Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm 'kcfyfjm Okyt dl cm iklgikm

'kcfyfjm 'kcfyfjm Tlfrm dl cm iklgikm 4 dfit =2%>4%?> Lgimramdf

'kcfyfjm 'kcfyfjm 'kc dl cm Ld|i Lgimramdf'kcfyfjm Okytfrkm Okyt 'kcfyfjm : dfit2: >=%>


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21

Ek dlyi|brkeklgtf dl Bcakim

^fr Mdrkmgf Krmcm B|rafy

Ek jmekckm lg lc mrma|m{ ylgtm |g armg m~rlikf omikm cm i|ct|rmjrmgilym' Ek mb|lcf emtlr gf ombm lytmdf lg cm lx~fykikg dl mry dl=;91 { |g tf ombm zkyktmdf Jrmgikm { Bcakim ~fr |g mf# lg =;9>'Mebfy gfy ifgtmbmg m ek olremgf { m e cf }|l ombmg zkytf { zkyktm %df { lytfy rlcmtfy zlgmg lgz|lctfy lg rljlrlgikmy okytrkimy }|l tf%imbmg ly~likmcelgtl m cm a|lr rm dl =;=4# m cfy e|ylfy { |gkzlrykdm%dly dl Bcakim { Jrmgikm' Ly~likmcelgtl yl dlytmimbmg lg lc rlcmtf lcImrdlgmc Elriklr { lc Rl{ Mcblr tf' Rlikbmefy lg imym CKc|ytrmtkfgJrmgmkyl { cm ifgylrzbmefy blccmelgtl lgi|mdlrgmdm ~fr mfy'My rli|lrdf lc gelrf }|l lytm rlzkytm jrmgilym cl dldki m cm rl%ifgytr|iikg dl cm armg bkbckftlim dl cm \gkzlrykdmd dl Cfzmkgm'Gf lrm ~fr cf tmgtf Bcakim |g ~m y kagfrmdf ~fr gfyftrfy'

^rfzlgaf dl |gm jmekckm dl mbfamdfy { |gm dkjki|ctmd t|zl }|lzlgilr i|mgdf mg|gik }|l gf ~lgymbm yla|kr lym imr rlrm ~fr}|l dl%

ylmbm dldkimr el m cm Jkcfyfjm { m cm Ld|imikg' Dly~|y dlc ~rkelry|ytf yl mil~t ek ~rf~fykikg { j|k m cm \gkzlrykdmd dl Cm ^cmtmlg cm r fzkgikm dl B|lgfy Mkrly# Mralgtkgm# dfgdl fbt|zl lc tt|cf dl^rfjlyfr dl Jkcfyfjm { Ld|imikg# }|l j|l my ek ~rkelr dk~cfem |gk%zlryktmrkf'

Tlgm {f |gm zfimikg dl ylrzkikf omikm lc ^mrma|m{# ek ~mtrkmelytkpm dl Merkim# }|l ombcm# ifef {f# lg imytlccmgf { a|mrmg' El

kgifr~fr dl kgeldkmtf m cm lgylmgpm dl cm J kcfyfjm { armikmy m cfy



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2?

lyj|lrpfy { m cmy ~rlfi|~mikfgly dl ek mekaf Lgrk}|l Kbmrrm# }|klgdly~|y ifcmbfrmrm lg ek kdm m Cfzmkgm# j|k lg =;


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2;

Efr rlg el ly~lr lg lc mlrf~|lr tf dl Pmzlgtle# alytf }|l rli|lr%df ifef yk cf lyt|zklrm zkzklgdf of{'

[f ombm mykekcmdf g|lytrm ~mr tkik~mikg# g|lytrf afpf { g|ly%trm mga|ytkm ~fr cm okytfrkm ~mrma|m{m# lg cm }|l ek jmekckm lytmbm e|{ife~rfeltkdm' Ek ~myf ~fr cm \gkzlrykdmd dl Cm cmtm ombm ykdf |gmrkim lx~lrklgikm tmebkg ~fr}|l t|zl cm f~fr t|gkdmd dl tlglr brkccmg%tly ~rfjlyfrly { mdley e|iofy ifgtmitfy ifg cfy jkcyfjfy# }|l ~freftkzfy ~fctkify# gf lgylmbmg {m lg cm \gkzlrykdmd'

Ek rlykdlgikm ~fytlrkfr ~fr |g mf { eldkf lg cfy Lytmdfy \gk%dfy el ombm dl`mdf tmebkg o|lccm kgdlclbcl l okil ifgtmitfy }|ld|rmg omytm of{' J|l ek ~rfjlyfr lc Dfitfr Alfral EiClmg# }|klgel kgtrfd|`f lg cm Yfikldmd Kgtlrgmikfgmc dl Eltmjykim# dl cm i|mcyf{ omytm of{ y| eklebrf ~mrma|m{f'

Lg Cfzmkgm# j|l e|{ tkc ~mrm e cm m{|dm }|l el ~rf~frikfglc Dfitfr Qlgkg# tle~rmgmelgtl jmcclikdf# }|klg jmikckt ek kgylrikglg lc Kgytkt|tf Y|~lrkfr dl Jkcfyfjm# le~|`mdf { m~f{mdf ~fr EmdmelEfr rlg { ~fr ek kgtlry lg rlmckpmr lyt|dkfy ylrkfy'

Lc mebklgtl dl cm r lykdlgikm dfgdl zkzm el jmikcktmbm ifgtmitfyifg ife~mlrfy# i|{m mekytmd dlyi|brm { ifgylrzf omytm of{' LgMy|gikg ly Dlimgf dl cm Jmi|ctmd dl Eldkikgm dl cm \gkzlrykdmdGmikfgmc lc rfjlyfr Dfitfr Rmc Mzkcm# blimdf dl m}|lccfy t kle~fy'Of{ ifgytkt|kefy lg lc ^mrma|m{ |g ar|~f e|{ ife~rfeltkdf lgdkzlrymy rmemy dlc }|lomilr i|ct|rm c dl lytl ek ~|lbcf elytkpf'

Cm Emkyfg lrm ilgtrf dl rl|gkfgly dl mctf z|lcf jkcfyjkif {

iklgtjkif# ifef ~fr l`le~cf lc Arf|~l dl Y{gtoyl# dkrkakdf ~fr lcekyef r fjlyfr Efrrlg'

\g fbky~f ~mrma|m{f# dl ly~rkt| ~rfjtkif# Efgylfr RmegBfamrg Mramm# m~mrlik |g dm ~fr Cfzmkgm ~mrm ombcmr ifg EmdmelEfr rlg' Lccm gfy jmikckt y| ~l}|lf ifioliktf Iktrflg ~mrm ymckr# ~frcfy lytrliofy imekgfy ife|gm cly dlc ilgtrf dl Bcakim# m omilr ifg%tmitfy# zkm`l }|l ifgic|{ lg Emckgmy' Efgylfr Bfamrg j|l |g armg

Fbky~f dl Ymg @|mg Bm|tkytm dl cmy Ekykfgly# ~lryla|kdf ~fr cm dkitm%



30/405

9>

d|rm dl Ytrflyyglr' J|l ofebrl }|l om dl`mdf e|iomy ylekccmy lg y|~mtrkm ~mrma|m{m'

El ccme zkzmelgtl cm mtlgikg lg Cfzmkgm lc ly~rkt| li|e%

gkif dlc imtfckikyef blcam# dlgtrf dl lym jrmtlrgkdmd irkytkmgm }|l yle%brmrfg Cfrd Omckjmx { lc Imrdlgmc Elriklr'

J|l dkrlitfr dl ek tlyky yfbrl cfy Emg|yirktfy lifgekif%jkcfyjkify dl =?44 dl Emrx# |gm kgtlckalgikm brkccmgtykem# lg y|ykgt|kikfgly { lg y|y ygtlyky# lc rfjlyfr @ lmg C mdrlrl# dl }|klg ifg%ylr zf kebfr rmbcl rli|lrdf'

Gf }|klrf tlrekgmr lytl lybfpf ykg elgikfgmr dl g|lzf cf }|l

ykagkjki lytm mifakdm lg cm Emkyfg Ymkgt @lmg' Ol lxtrmdf dl lytmifgzkzlgikm cm armg ke~fr tmgikm }|l ykagkjkim ~mrm cfy ~|lbcfy { cfyofebrly lc rly~ltf m cm lxkytlgikm dlc ftrf# }|klg tklgl dlrliof ifef{f m lxkytkr { tmgtm dkagkdmd' Zfcz dl Bcakim ifg |gm kdlm icmrm yfbrlcfy dlrliofy { dlblrly }|l tklgl imdm ofebrl dl ylr c ekyef dlg%trf dl y| ~rf~km i|ct|rm' M}| cm gfikg dl cm ife~clelgtmr kldmd# }|ltmgtf mem lc r fjlyfr Efr rlg lg y|y lyirktfy { lg y|y dkcfafy# ylel om efytrmdf# ~mrm ek lx~lrklgikm ~mrma|m{m# dl y|em |tkckdmd'

^lrtlglpif m |g ~|lbcf elytkpf# }|l yl frkakg lg cm |gkg dl cfyly~mfcly }|l cclamrfg mc mrma|m{ lg cm ~rkelrm ~mr tl dlc ykacf _ZK#ifg cmy ltgkmy a|mrmgly }|l zkzmg m crldldfr dl My|gikg# ik|dmd }|lj|l j|gdmdm lc =< dl mafytf dl =


31/405

9=

zkyktf ykle~rl cm zkl`m lgikgm }|l lyt jrlgtl m g|lytrm imym { rlifr rflc ~mr}|l dlc mgtka|f imytkccf dl Olrzlcll dfgdl zkzmefy# imytkccf}|l gfy omim zkyktmr ifg armg lgt|ykmyef lc ylfr D|dlhle ~mdrl'

Ifgic|{f lytm rlifrdmikg ~fr cm zm dl cm jkcfyfjm'

[f ifelgi ek lgmefrmeklgtf dl cm jkcfyfjm i|mgdf m cfy dfilmfy# lg `|gkf dl =;4># |g mekaf el rlamc lc ckbrf Cm Rlblckg dlcmy Emymy# dl @fy Frtlam { Amyylt# zfc|elg }|l lg zlkgtki|mtrfofrmy cl lgt|ykmyemdf { ~mrm ykle~rl emri ek lxkytlgikm' Mcc if%elgp ek mzlgt|rm jkcfyjkim }|l ~r fyka|l omytm of{ { |g cm~yf kgfc%zkdmbcl dl lytm lx~lrklgikm j|l lc omblr lyt|dkmdf lg g|lytrm }|lrkdm\gkzlrykdmd Imtckim dl Cfzmkgm'

Lg lc mrma|m{# lg Bfckzkm# lg Zlglp|lcm# lg Iokcl { lg lc lry }|l cfy larlymdfy dl Cfzmkgm ~lymg e|iof lg y|y yfikldmdly cmt k%gfmelrkimgmy' Lytm ckytm gf ly lxic|{lgtl { el ~mrlil }|l ly j|gdm%elgtmcelgtl ke~fr tmgtl }|l cm \gkzlrykdmd dl Cfzmgm ifcmbfrl lg~rkelrm jkcm ifg cm Merkim C mtkgm dl cm mit|mckdmd# ytm }|l b|yim |gmdlefirmikm ~mrtkik~mtkzm { yfckdmrkm' I|mgdf {f lyt|dkmbm mcc# lgMerkim Cmtkgm ombm dkitmd|rmy lg e|ioykefy ~myly' Of{ trmbm`m%

efy ifg e|iof ey ckblr tmd { }|lrlefy ey }|l g|gim cm ~rlylgikmblcam { cm rk}|lpm |gkzlrymc }|l gfy om m~fr tmdf ykle~rl# eldkmgtly|y zmcfrly# cm \gkzlrykdmd Imtckim dl Cfzmkgm'

M~rlikmdm Kymblc0 tl lyirkbf lg cm zy~lrm dl cm Kgemi|cmdm' Olrldmitmdf ifg armg mefr lytl trmbm`f { e|iof cl marmdlpif m EmdmelEfr rlg }|l cf trmd|pim' I|gtmel }|l cf rlikbklrfg bklg' Lgzmel|g jmx cf ey ~rfgtf ~fykbcl ifg cmy fbylr zmikfgly }|l }|klrmy omilr%el' Ymc|dfy ~fr Gmzkdmd { Mf G|lzf ~mrm tk { eky }|lrkdfy ~mdrly

blcamy'



32/405

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33/405

99

^fr cfy imekgfy dl cm i|ct|rm'Cm bkbckftlim dl trly alglrmikfgly /*+

^rlzkm iktm# cclamefy m cm imym dl cfy olremgfy Krmcm B|rafy#`zlgly { mitkzfy kg tlclit|mcly dl g|lytrf eldkf' Lc dfitfr MdrkmgfKrmcm B|rafy# jkcyfjf { imtldrtkif dl y| ly~likmckdmd dl zmrkfy m ctfyilgtrfy dl lyt|dkfy# ly |g ly~rkt| i|{m ifgytmgtl ~rlfi|~mikg ~frcmy ifymy dlc kgtlclitf yl trmd|il lg |gm kg}|klt|d jykim }|l ifgtrmy%tm ifg cm ylrlgm mitkt|d dlc olr emgf elgfr# lc dfitfr @ lrgkef KrmcmB|rafy# imtldrt kif dl Dlrliof Kgtlrgmikfgmc lg cm Jmi|ctmd dl Dlrl%iof dl mebmy |gkzlrykdmdly# { dkrkalgtl dlc mr tkdf Dleirm tm Irky%

tkmgf# i|{m ~rlykdlgikm l`lril'C|laf dl cfy ymc|dfy dl rkafr { dl tfimr mca|gfy tlemy alglrm%

cly# cclamefy mc dl g|lytrf ifeltkdf0 cm bkbckftlim'

Lgtrl cfy ckbrfy ey mgt ka|fy }|l tlglefy kgjfrem Mdrkmgfjka|rm |gm ldkikg dlc ]|k`ftl# lg ikgif tfefy# ~|bckimdm ~fr cm Ke%~rlgtm Rlmc dl Emdrkd lg =;=;'

Gfy e|lytrm cfy ikgif ckbrfy }|l ife~fglg cm jmefym fbrm'

Lgi|mdlrgmdfy lg i|lr f# lytg lg ~lr jlitf lytmdf dl ifgylr zmikg {lc tkle~f# armikmy mc i|kdmdf dl cfy y|ilykzfy d|lfy# om rly~ltmdf~lrjlitmelgtl cm zmckfym ifcliikg'

Lytl ly |gf dl cfy ckbrfy }|l g|gim ~rlytmefy miftmMdrkmgf' [ ombcmgdf dl ~rytmefy# gf y i|mgtfy ckbrfy yl omg kdflg tmc imritlr { g|gim omg rlarlymdf'

*+ ^|bckimdf lg CM TRKB\GM' My|gikg# ? dl fit|brl# =;:1# ~' =?'



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94

^lrf gf el mr rl~klgtf' Tlgaf cm ly~lrmgpm dl }|l lyfy ckbrfyom{mg blgljkikmdf m y|y mit|mcly ~fylldfrly' Gf fbytmgtl# el zklglm cm imblpm |gm jrmyl dl Ymg B|lgmzlgt|rm# m }|klg mimbf dl cllreklgtrmy ~rl~mrmbm |gm icmyl' Dlim lc ymgtf }|l gf lrm ifgzlgklgtl

~rlytmr ckbrfy ~fr}|l lrm e|{ ~rfbmbcl }|l yl ~lrdklylg { lccf ylrmcmelgtmbcl tmgtf ~mrm lc ~rlytmdfr ifef ~mrm lc ~rlytmtmr kf' [ irlf}|l om{ }|l dmrcl cm rmpg mc ymgtf'''

Lc frkalg dl cm bkbckftlim

Kgtlrzklgl @lrgkef0

Lc frkalg dl cm bkbckftlim lyt lg cm dl g|lytrf mb|lcf# lc dfi%tfr Emg|lc B|rafy8 om{ ~mr tl dl cm dl g|lytrf tf# rlykdlgtl lg B|l%gfy Mkrly# lc dfitfr Emg|lc B|rafy /o'+ {# dlydl c|laf# gfyftrfy cmolefy kgirlelgtmdf e|iof'

Ifg r ljlrlgikm mc mb|lcf# Mdrkmgf gfy dkil }|l om ykdf |gf dlcfy ~fify ~mrma|m{fy# ycf y|~lrmdf ~fr lc dfitfr Jckx mkzm# }|l omlytmdf m cm imblpm dl cfy tr ly ~fdlrly# ~|ly j|l ~rlykdlgtl dlc Y|~l%rkfr Trkb|gmc dl @|ytkikm# ~rlykdlgtl dlc Ylgmdf { zkil ~r lykdlgtl dlcm Rl~bckim# d|rmgtl lc l lrikikf dlc dfitfr Lckakf M{mcm# =;242?'

Cm bkbckftlim dl mb|lcf ly lekglgtlelgtl `|rdkim { tklgl|gm b|lgm ifcliikg dl fbrmy cktlrmr kmy jrmgilymy' Cm dl g|lytr f ~m%drl lyt ly~likmckpmdm lg Dlrliof Kgtlrgmikfgmc# i|{m itldrm l`lr%iklrm# lg rlle~cmpf dl y| olr emgf lc dfitfr Mgtfcg Krmcm'

Y|ralg rli|lrdfy jmekckmrly' Mdrkmgf gfy i|lgtm }|l lc dfitfrB|rafy# gmikdf lg cm ik|dmd dl C|}|l lg =?1= { jmcclikdf lg lc dlyt kl%rrf lg =;41 j|l d|rmgtl zlkgtl mfy emakytrmdf `|dkikmc# { y|jrk |g

lxkckf dl ykltl mfy' fr y| ~mr tl# @ lrgkef yl rljklrl m y| tf Mgtfcg#lc imgikcclr ey fzlg dl cm okytfrkm ~mrma|m{m# }|l j|l tkt|cmr dlc Ek%gkytlrkf dl Rlcmikfgly m cfy zlkgtki|mtrf mfy dl ldmd' Mdrkmgf marl%am }|l# m cm e|lrtl dlc Dr' Mgtfcg Krmcm# lc dfitfr @|mg Ytljmgkio#imymdf ifg |gm tm dl g|lytrfy kgtlrcfi|tfrly# cm ylfrm Memckm Krmcmdl Ytljmgkio# md}|krk cm bkbckftlim dlc i|mdf# cm i|mc y|emdm m cmy|{m# j|l dfgmdm omil ~fif tkle~f m cm Jmi|ctmd dl Dlrliof dl cm\gkzlrykdmd Imtckim' C|laf# zfczlefy m cfy ckbrfy' Mdrkmgf lx~rlym0



35/405

9

ftrm# mc Ifr rlf Ylemgmc dlc dkmrkf \ctkem Ofrm# dlc =2=9 dl mbrkc dl2>>9# ifg ~fr tmdm { gftmy dldkimdmy m Mdrkmgf Krmcm B|rafy' Mebfytlxtfy yl rl~rfd|ilg# lg y| ~mr tl ~lrtkglgtl# lg lytl zfc|elg'

Mrti|cfy { gftmy ~lrkfdytkimy

=;;


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4=

=;?='

Cm kdlfcfam dlc Lytmdf ckblrmc lg lc ^mrma|m{# lg0 Y|~clelgtfI|ct|rmc# 2< lglrf# ~' ?

Cm ifmckikg dl Jlrrlkrm { Imbmcclrf# lg0 Y|~clelgtf Dfekgkimc#? emrpf# ~~' 4

^fr cf tmg tf# ey lc fbrlrf yl m~rf~km ~fr y| trmbm`f dlc e|gdflxtlrkfr# cm gmt|rmclpm ylgykbcl# ey yl y|ytrml c dl cfy eldkfydl y|bykytlgikm bm`f lytl dfbcl ~|gtf dl zkytm0 }|l# ~rkelrmelg%tl# lc e|gdf lxtlrkfr ylgykbcl imdm ey ilym dl ylr |g fb`ltf

~lr tlgliklgtl m y| trmbm`f# |g eldkf dl y|bykytlgikm dl y| trm%bm`f8 { }|l# yla|gdf# ilym dl ey lg ey dl ifgytkt|kr |g el%dkf dl y|bykytlgikm lg ylgtkdf kgeldkmtf# |g eldkf ~mrm cm y|b%ykytlgikm jykim dlc fbrlrf'

Dlydl lytl dfbcl ~|gtf dl zkytm# lc fbrlrf yl trmgyjfr em ~fr cftmgtf# lg |g lyicmzf dl y| fb`ltf0 ~rkelrmelgtl# rlikbl |g fb%`ltf dl trmbm`f# ly dlikr# rlikbl trmbm`f# { yla|gdf# c rlikbl cfy

eldkfy dl y|bykytlgikm' Cl dlbl lgtfgily cm ~fykbkckdmd dl lxky%tkr# mgtly }|l gmdm# lg tmgtf }|l fbrlrf# { lgyla|kdm# lg tmgtf}|l y|`ltf jykif' Lc ifcef dl lytm ylr zkd|ebrl ly }|l yfcmelg%tl y| imckdmd dl fbrlrf# cl ~lrektl ifgylrzmryl tfdmzm lg tmgtf}|l y|`ltf jykif# { }|l ly fbrlrf yfcmelgtl lg i|mgtf ly y|`ltfjykif /=>+'

Lytfy dfy ~mrarmjfy dlc ^rkelr Emg|yirktfgf tklglg dly%~lrdkikf ~fr}|l lx~rlymg }|l lc iri|cf dl lx~cftmikg dlytr |{l omy%

tm lc mby|rdf mc ofebrl kgdkzkd|f yfikmc# lg y| dkgmekyef lgcf}|lil%dfr' [m gf ly lc ofebrl tftmc { zlrdmdlrf glamdf lg lc fbrlrf ykgf#ey mg# lc fbrlrf ekyef ly glamdf ifef fbrlrf ~mrm trmgyjfr emrylyke~clelgtl lg |g y|`ltf jykif# lg |gm ifym gmt|rmc# i|{my j|lrpmyo|emgmy lylgikmcly gk yk}|klrm tklglg cm ~fykbkckdmd dl ~cmgtlmryl cmifgdkikg mcklgmgtl dl y| kgeldkmt kdmd kr rleldkmbcl'

Dlgtrf dl lytl tk~f dl yfikldmd gf ly ~fykbcl lgtfgily gk yk%

}|klrm mtkybmr gf yl ~klgyl {m lg |gm zm dl yfc|ikg ief ylkgzlrtkrm lc dkgmekyef }|l cclzm m cm e|ctk~ckimikg dl cmy m cklgmikf%gly' Cm glamtkzkdmd ey mbyfc|tm yl kgytmcm lg cfy ofebrly { lg cmyfikldmd# dfgdl yfcmelgtl rlkgm cm cl{ dl cm amgmgikm { dl cm ckbrlife~ltlgikm lgtrl cfbfy' Yl ifrtm my cm ife~ltlgikm fgtfcakim dlcofebrl { dl cm gmt|rmclpm# imgilcgdfyl tfdm r lcmikg irlmdfrm m trm%zy dlc trmbm`f ifef eldkmikg o|emgkpmgtl'

/=>+ rkelr Emg|yirktf# __KKK# ~'


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Cf }|l rlytm ly lc trmbm`f mcklgmdf lg f~fykikg mc trmbm`fckbrl { cm gmt|rmclpm fb`ltkzmdm lrkakdm ifgtrm lc ofebrl kgdkzkd|fyfikmc# j|lgtl lccm tmebkg dl g|lzmy lxtrmmikfgly dfgdl yl r lmjkr%em cm ~rkemim dl cmy lytr|it|rmy dlyo|emgkpmgtly' Dl cm lyikykg

lgtrl lc fbrlrf { lc ofebr l yl dlylebfim lg cm f~fykikg y|`ltf jyk%if%fbrlrf' Lc fbrlrf rlikbl |g fb`ltf dl trmbm`f# |gm gmt|rmclpm ~mrmylr t rmbm`mdm }|l ycf cl ~lr ektl yfbrlzkzkr ifef fbrlrf# mg ey#yke~clelgtl ifef y|`ltf jykif# ifef ofebrl mymcmrkmdf }|l ~rltlg%dl dlyly~lrmdmelgtl lxkytkr lg |gm yfikldmd }|l cf ifgykdlrm ifefifym mc ylrzkikf dl cm e|ctk~ckimikg dl cm ~fylykg lg blgljkikf dl|gfy ~fify# tmg mcklgmdfy m c jkg { m c imbf# ifef lc fbrlrf# glamdf lg lcrakelg im~ktmckytm' \gm dkiftfem kgymczmbcl yl z|lczl m kgytmcmr lg%

tfgily jrlgtl m cm y|bykytlgikm dl |g lyicmzf lg |gm yfikldmd }|ltklgl ~fr ftrf cmdf# |gm im~mikdmd ~myefym dl e|ctk~ckimr y|y ~rf~kmyrk}|lpmy'

Cm trk~cl ~rdkdm dlc ofebrl /lg lc fb`ltf# lg lc trmbm`f { lg cmgmt|rmclpm+ cclzm m Emr x m ~rfj|gdkpmr lg cmy mcklgmikfgly { m b|yimrlc j|gdmelgtf dlc i|mc brftmg0 cm rlcmikg frkakgmrkm dl mcklgmikg { cmrmpg dl ylr dl lytl lxtrmmeklgtf rmdkimc dlc ofebrl'

Lytmefy {m kgelryfy lg cm i|mrtm mcklgmikg0ly lc ofebrl }|klgmofrm yl lgi|lgtrm jrlgtl mc ftrf# ifef |g ylr lxtrmf# dlymrrmkamdf# {m}|l lc lafytm# lc dl cm ifgi|~kyilgikm dlymtmdm ~mrm }|klg lc ylgt kdfdlc tlglr yl ke~fgl yfbrl lc ylgtkdf dlc zmclr ey# ifykjkim mc kgdkzkd|f'

Cm gfikg dl Amtt|gayqlylgly lc okcf ifgd|itfr dl cm by%}|ldm'

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/==+ r kelr Emg|yirktf# __K_# ~'


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:2

Lg cfy Emg|yirktfy lifgekif%jkcfyjkify dl =?44# cm lx~rl%ykg mclemgm Amtt|gayqlylgykagkjkim cm lylgikm algrkim dlc ofe%brl# }|l ife~rlgdl lc efdlcfo|emgf# cf }|l lc ofebrl tftmc ke%~ckim lg lxkytlgikm { ~rfagfyky# dlymr rfccmgdf cmy ~fykbkckdmdly dl cm

lylgikm glamdm dlc ofebrl' Ly cm |gkzlrymckdmd dl cm lylgikm o|emgm#zkzkdm lg imdm kgdkzkd|f yfikmc# }|l yl ife~fr tm jrlgtl m y ekyef ifefjrlgtl mc aglrf zkzklgtl# lg imckdmd dl ofebrl tftmc { zlrdmdlrf'

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mctlrkdmd }|l dlytr|{l cm k~ylkdmd ~fr}|l gklam cm ife~ltlgikm lylg%ikmc dlc kgdkzkd|f# cm gmt|rmclpm { lc ftrf'

Lyylg# Trkghlg |gd Pl|alg# oioytlgygfio Qfog|ga#Yioe|ih''' ifgyt kt|{lg ~mrm Emr x cmy glilykdmdly j|gdmelgtmclydlc ofebrl' Lg cm eldkdm lg }|l cmy mcklgmikfgly cmy trmgyjfr emg lgj|gikfgly gf o|emgmy# lc ofebrl yl ifgzklr tl lg blytkm' My# lc trm%bm`mdfr ly rld|ikdf m cm ifgdkikg dl fbrlrf lebr |tlikdf# }|l om ~lr%dkdf y| Qlylgdl ylr o|emgf' Lc im~ktmckytm tmebkg c# cm om ~lrdk%df ~fr}|l cm yfikldmd im~ktmckytm gklam m mefy { lyicmzfy lc afpf dl cmlylgikm zlrdmdlrm dlc ofebrl# icm|y|rmgdf dljkgktkzmelgtl cm ~fykbk%ckdmd dl y| rlmckpmikg' Lg cm ~r fd|iikg dl cm yfikldmd im~ktmckytm# cmy

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Tfdfy { tfdf omg ~lrdkdf y| zlrdmdlrm lylgikm0 lc fb`ltf dltrmbm`f# lc trmbm`f ifef eldkmikg# cm gmt|rmclpm# lc ftrf { ~fr jkg# cm}|kgtm mcklgmikg# lc ofebrl jrlgtl m y| ~rf~km lylgikm'

Cmy rlcmikfgly lgtrl lc lxtrmmeklgtf dlc ofebrl jrlgtl m y|~rf~km gmt|rmclpm { cm mcklgmikg jrlgtl mc ftrf yfg dl |gm lxtrlem



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:4

ke~fr tmgikm# tmgtf ey }|l ~fr cm |gm yl dlyi|brl cm ftrm' Ifgjlym%efy }|l lxtrmlefy iklrtmelgtl ey dl cfy Emg|yirktfy }|l cf~lr ektkdf ~fr |gm lx~ciktm clit|rm dl cfy ekyefy# i|mgdf lytmbclil%efy |gm ~rfildlgikm lg jmzfr dl cm i|mrtm mcklgmikg ~mrm mifrdmr

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65/405

: dl |ckf dl =?=='

Eky marmdlikeklgtfy e y ykgilrfy m lccm# ifcmbfrmdfrm tmebkg

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t|rm ~mrma|m{m'

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lyt|dkf { cf ifgyka|k ~rf~frikfggdfel tfdm cm m{|dm }|l glilyktmbm'



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:;

M}| ~mrm ifgic|kr }|klrf rlifrdmr ifg marmdlikeklgtf m Jcfrm dl

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iklgikm'

My|gikg# < dl dkiklebrl dl =;?1

Mdrkmgf Krmcm B|rafy



70/405

1>

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LC ^MITF ^FCKTKIF [ Y\Y IFGYLI\LGIKMY

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71/405

1=

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