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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CHIMBORAZO

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA

ESCUELA DE INDUSTRIAL

 NOMBRE: Dany Quiroz

FECHA: 15/04/16

IMPACTO AMBIENTAL

GLOSARIO

1. Impacto ambienta!" El ima!"o am#i$n"al $% $l $&$!"o 'u$ ro(u!$ la a!"i)i(a(

*umana %o#r$ $l m$(io am#i$n"$. El !on!$"o u$($ $+"$n($r%$ a lo% $&$!"o% ($

un &$n,m$no na"ural !a"a%"r,&i!o. -!ni!am$n"$ $% la al"$ra!i,n ($ la ln$a ($

 #a%$ am#i$n"al.

. L#$ia aci%a!" %$ &orma !uan(o la *um$(a( $n $l air$ %$ !om#ina !on lo% ,+i(o%($ ni"r,2$no $l (i,+i(o ($ azu&r$ y $l "ri,+i(o ($ azu&r$ $mi"i(o% or &3#ri!a%

!$n"ral$% $l!"ri!a% !al($ra% ($ !al$&a!!i,n y )$*!ulo% 'u$ 'u$man !ar#,n o

 ro(u!"o% ($ri)a(o% ($l $"r,l$o 'u$ !on"$n2an azu&r$. En in"$ra!!i,n !on $l

a2ua ($ la llu)ia $%"o% 2a%$% &orman 3!i(o% n"ri!o% 3!i(o %ul&uro%o y 3!i(o

%ul&ri!o. Finalm$n"$ $%"a% %u%"an!ia% 'umi!a% !a$n a la "i$rra a!omaan(o a

la% r$!ii"a!ion$% !on%"i"uy$n(o la llu)ia 3!i(a.

. E&t'(& )*%'ico!" 7$ *a#la ($ $%"r% *(ri!o !uan(o la ($man(a ($ a2ua $% m3%

imor"an"$ 'u$ la !an"i(a( (i%oni#l$ (uran"$ un $rio(o ($"$rmina(o o !uan(o

%u u%o %$ )$ r$%"rin2i(o or %u #a8a !ali(a(. El $%"r% *(ri!o ro)o!a un

($"$rioro ($ lo% r$!ur%o% ($ a2ua (ul!$ $n "rmino% ($ !an"i(a( 9a!u&$ro%%o#r$$+lo"a(o% ro% %$!o% $"!. y ($ !ali(a( 9$u"ro&iza!i,n !on"amina!i,n ($

la ma"$ria or23ni!a in"ru%i,n %alina $"!..

4. E+ecto in$e'na%e'o!"El $&$!"o in)$rna($ro $% un ro!$%o $n $l 'u$ la ra(ia!i,n

"rmi!a $mi"i(a or la %u$r&i!i$ lan$"aria $% a#%or#i(a or lo% 2a%$% ($ $&$!"o

in)$rna($ro 9;E

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. Ene',*a en%o&om-tica!"?a $n$r2a $n(o%om3"i!a o m$"a#,li!a $% lo 'u$

r$'ui$r$ !a(a or2ani%mo ara %u man"$nimi$n"o y ($%arrollo ($ %u% a!"i)i(a($%

9!r$!$r r$arar lo% "$8i(o% ($l !u$ro r$ro(u!ir%$ a!"i)i(a( &%i!a $"!..

. Monoc#ti$o!"El mono!ul"i)o %$ r$&i$r$ a la% lan"a!ion$% ($ 2ran $+"$n%i,n !on

$l !ul"i)o ($ una %ola $%$!i$ !on lo% mi%mo% a"ron$% r$%ul"an(o $n una%imili"u( 2$n"i!a u"ilizan(o lo% mi%mo% m"o(o% ($ !ul"i)o ara "o(a la

 lan"a!i,n 9!on"rol ($ $%"$% &$r"iliza!i,n y al"a $%"an(ariza!i,n ($ la

 ro(u!!i,n lo 'u$ *a!$ m3% $&i!i$n"$ la ro(u!!i,n a 2ran $%!ala. Ca%o%

&r$!u$n"$% ($ mono!ul"i)o %$ (an !on $l $u!ali"o ino $n $l !a%o ($ 3r#ol$% o

2ran($% lan"a!ion$% ($ !$r$al %o8a !aa ($ az!ar al2o(,n maz lo !ual

 ro(u!$ la ($2ra(a!i,n ($l %u$lo.

. Socie%a% in%#&t'ia.> $% $l "rmino %o!iol,2i!o $ *i%"orio2r3&i!o !on $l 'u$ %$

r$&i$r$ a la% %o!i$(a($% !on $%"ru!"ura %o!ial mo($rna.

10. E'o&i.n!"?a $ro%i,n $% $l ($%2a%"$ o ($nu(a!i,n ($ %u$lo% y ro!a% 'u$ ro(u!$n

(i%"in"o% ro!$%o% $n la %u$r&i!i$ ($ la -i$rra.

11. Rec#'&o& bio.,ico&!"7on a'u$llo% !omon$n"$% ($ la #io(i)$r%i(a( 'u$

a(mi"$n un u%o (ir$!"o in(ir$!"o o o"$n!ial ara la *umani(a(.

1. Ene',*a e/o&om-tica.> ?a $n$r2a $+o%om3"i!a o $n$r2a $+"$rna $% la 'u$

u"ilizamo% ara mu!*a% a!"i)i(a($% $% 2$n$ra(a &u$ra ($l !u$ro *umano y la

'u$ u%amo% ara nu$%"ra )i(a (iaria la l$a 'u$ 'u$mamo% or $8$mlo $%

$n$r2a $+"$rna o $+o%om3"i!a.

1. Neo*tico.> o E(a( ($ i$(ra Nu$)a o uli(a $% uno ($ lo% $rio(o% $n 'u$ %$

!on%i($ra (i)i(i(a la E(a( ($ i$(ra.

14. Rea$e!"El r$la)$ 9o !ola $% un !on8un"o ($ ($%$!*o% ",+i!o% %u#a",mi!o% ($

 ro!$%o% min$ro% y !on!$n"ra!i,n ($ min$ral$% u%ualm$n"$ !on%"i"ui(o or una

m$z!la ($ "i$rra min$ral$% a2ua y ro!a%.

15. Ra%iaci.n at.mica!" ?a $mi%i,n ($ ar"!ula% ($%($ un n!l$o in$%"a#l$ %$

($nomina ($%in"$2ra!i,n ra(ia!"i)a. = %,lo %u!$($ !uan(o *ay un $+!$($n"$ ($

$n$r2a $n $l ra(io ($ la ,r#i"a.

16. Ra%ioacti$i%a%!"  $% un &$n,m$no &%i!o or $l !ual lo% n!l$o% ($ al2uno%

$l$m$n"o% 'umi!o% llama(o% ra(ia!"i)o% $mi"$n ra(ia!ion$% 'u$ "i$n$n la

 roi$(a( ($ imr$%ionar la!a% ra(io2r3&i!a% ionizar 2a%$% ro(u!ir 

&luor$%!$n!ia a"ra)$%ar !u$ro% oa!o% a la luz or(inaria $n"r$ o"ro%.

1. Eco&i&tema!"@n $!o%i%"$ma $% un %i%"$ma na"ural 'u$ $%"3 &orma(o or un

!on8un"o ($ or2ani%mo% )i)o% 9#io!$no%i% y $l m$(io &%i!o (on($ %$ r$la!ionan

9#io"oo. @n $!o%i%"$ma $% una uni(a( !omu$%"a ($ or2ani%mo%

in"$r($$n(i$n"$% 'u$ !omar"$n $l mi%mo *3#i"a".

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1. E0#iib'io %in-mico!"  @n $'uili#rio (in3mi!o o!urr$ !uan(o (o% ro!$%o%

r$)$r%i#l$% o!urr$n al mi%mo a%o. Mu!*o% ro!$%o% 9!omo al2una% r$a!!ion$%

'umi!a% %on r$)$r%i#l$% y !uan(o $%"3n $n un $'uili#rio (in3mi!o r$a!!ion$%

ou$%"a% o!urr$n al mi%mo a%o9$% ($ma%ia(o $&i!i$n"$.

1. Contaminaci.n 1#*mica!"?a Contaminaci.n 0#*mica $% la al"$ra!i,n no!i)a ($l$%"a(o na"ural ($ un m$(io !omo !on%$!u$n!ia ($ la in"ro(u!!i,n ($ un a2$n"$

"o"alm$n"$ a8$no a $%$ m$(io 9!on"aminan"$ !au%an(o in$%"a#ili(a( ($%or($n (ao o

mal$%"ar $n un $!o%i%"$ma $n $l m$(io &%i!o o $n un %$r )i)o.

0. Contaminaci.n bio.,ica!"  la !on"amina!i,n #iol,2i!a !on%i($rara !omo

!on"aminan"$ a'u$llo% %$r$% o ro(u!"o% #iol,2i!o% 'u$ a&$!"an al *om#r$ y %u

$n"orno ya %$a am$nazan(o a %u %alu( o a %u (i%oni#ili(a( ($ alim$n"o.