gente1 glosario unidades ingles

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GLOSSARY GENTE 1

Note: The nouns in this glossary that don’t have an articlebeside them are ones that follow the basic gender rule of –a endings being feminine and –o endings being masculine.

UNIT 1. PEOPLE WHO STUDY SPANISH

We’re going to make first contact with the Spanish language and thecountries where it is spoken. We’re also going to meet our clasmates.

1. THE FIRST DAY OF CLASS This is a language school in Spain. Luara, the teacher, is checkingthe register. Is everybody there? Put a cross (X) beside the namesof the students who are present.

nombre, el first nameapellido surname

2. WHAT DOES SPANISH SOUND LIKE? Listen to the names again. Your teacher will read them slowly.Have you heard any sounds that are new for you?

3. SPANISH AND YOU Everyone has different interests. Are you interested in these things?

playa beachcultura culturegente, la peoplearte, la artcomida foodpolítica politicsnegocio businessgran ciudad, la big citiesciudad, la city / townfiesta popular (traditional) celebrationfiesta celebration / partynaturaleza nature

A: Try to match the subjects with the photos.B: What do you want to get to know in the Spanish world?C: Can you count to ten in Spanish? Let’s see…try without looking.

4. SPANISH AROUND THE WORLD Television is broadcasting Festival de la Canción Hispana (Spanishand Latin American Song Contest). All Spanish-speaking coun-tries take part. Right now Agentina is voting.

A: How many points does Agentina give each country? Note itdown on the screen.

B: Now close your book. Can you say the names of five countriesin the list?’

5. UN, DOS, TRES, CUATRO, CINCO…One student reads out these phone numbers. The rest of theclass have to identify whose phone number it is.

6. A BIT OF GEOGRAPHY Can you place the countries in the list on the map? Work in pairs.

yo creo que ... I think that...creer to think / to believe

este/a/os/as this / that, these / thoseser to be¿Cómo se escribe? How do you spell ...?¿Se escribe con ...? Is it spelt ...?¿Cómo se dice ... en español? How do you say ... in Span¿Cómo se pronuncia ...? How do you pronounce...?¿Qué significa ...? What does….mean?

7. SOUNDS AND LETTERS Listen to these first names and surnames. Notice how theyspelt.

8. WHAT CITY IS IT? Choose one of these airport label codes and spell it. Your cmates will have to guess the name of the city.

Do you know any other airport abbreviations?

9. WHO’S WHO? Here are some famous Spanish and Latin American people

you know them? Tell your partner.

no, creo que es ... No, I think it’s ...

Do you know any other famous Spanish or Latin Americanple? Who?

10. THE MOST INTERESTING COUNTRY FOR OUR CLASS Which is it? We’re going to do a survey on the board. Firsthere the names of the three countries that interest you theIf you want, you can find out some information about the ning countries and present it to the class.

Os será útil. It will be useful for you.útil useful / handy¿Quál es tu número de teléfono? What’s your phone numóvil, el mobile phone / cellphone¿Tienes correo electrónico? Have you got an Email addrecorreo electrónico Emaildirección, la addressNo, no tengo. No, I haven’t.tener to have

11. FIRST NAMES AND SURNAMESCan you classify these as either first names or surnames? Th

famous people, or about similar names in your language… Afterwards, compare your list with a partner’s.

por ejemplo for exampleejemplo example

12. THE LIST Do you know the names of all of your classmates? We’re goinmake a list. You have to ask everyone their first name and surThen ask them their phone number and email, if they haveNow someone can check the register. How many of you arthere?

13. FROM A TO Z Look at the list on page 11 and put it into alphabetical ordThen we’re going to compare our results.

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VOCABULARIO POR UNIDADES

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14-15. THE WORLD OF SPANISH

mundo worldsaber to knowalgo somethingpaís, el countrytradición, la traditionpaisaje, el landscapemonumento sight (as in sightseeing )

mucho/a a lotvez, la time (as in many times )completo/a completeconocer to find out / to knowfamoso/a famousconocido/a well-knownfolclórico/a folk (adjective)tener muchas caras to have many sides to itcara side / facecada everyaspecto aspectdiferente different

Can you tell where these photos are from: Spain or LatinAmerica?

Depending on where the speakers are from, Spanish can soundvery different. You are going to hear three versions of the sameconversation. Which sounds best to you?

UNIT 2. PEOPLE WITH PEOPLE

We’re going to find out the tastes and interests of a classmateand find people who are like him/her.

1. WHO ARE THEY? You don’t know these people but your teacher has informationanout them. Are you intuitive? Assign them the data from these lists.Compare your notes with those of two classmates. Then ask theteacher if your data is correct. Who showed the most intuition?

2. WHO ARE THEY TALKING ABOUT? Which people in activity 1 do you think these opinions areabout? Do your classmates agree?

profesor/a, el/la teacherdiseñador/a, el/la designerestudiante de ESO, el/la secondary school studenttrabaja en una editorial he/she works for a publishertrabajar to workeditorial, la publisherestudia en la Universidad he/she studies at universityestudiar to studyUniversidad, la universityprofesor/a de dibujo, el/la drawing teachersimpático/a friendly

agradable amiable / kindtrabajador/a hard-workinges cierto... it’s true...nada nothingegoísta selfishqué va...Al revés... No way/Not at all ... just the oppositemujer, la womaninteligente intelligent

pero butpedante pedantic / pompousantipático/a unfriendlySí, eso si... Yes, but that’s trueun poco a bit

3. ADJECTIVAL FORMS Underline the adjectives in the previous dialogues. Can you clas-sify them into masculine and feminine?

4. PEOPLE IN “CALLE PICASSO” All these people live in Picasso Street. They are men and womenchildren, young people and elderly, Spanish and foreigners. It isSaturday morning and everyone is at home.

calle, la street / roadcasa houseama de casa housewifeespañol/a, el/la Spanish / SpaniardHistoria Historysociable sociableactivo/a activebanco bankcorrer to run

hace fotografías to take photoshacer to make / to dofotografía photographybuena persona good personserio/a seriousjuega al fútbol to play footballjugar (ue) to playfútbol, el footballtravieso/a naughtytoca la guitarra to play the guitartocar to play (an instrument)guitarra guitarperiodista, el/la journalistfotógrafo/a, el/la photographycolecciona sellos to collect stamps

coleccionar to collectsello stampcariñoso/a affectionatecome mucho to eat a lotcomer to eatduerme poco to not sleep muchdormir (ue) to sleep(ciencias) Económicas, las Economicssoltero/a singleDerecho Lawtoca el piano to play the pianopiano pianoalegre happy / cheerfulseparado/a separatedbatería drums

callado/a silent / quietalemán, el German (language)alemán/a, el/la German (person)saxofón, el saxophoneIberia Iberia (Spanish national airline)divorciado/a divorcedtímido/a shybaila flamenco to dance Flamenco

VOCABULARIO POR UNIDA

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bailar to danceperezoso/a lazyfarmacia Chemist’s / Pharmacyviudo/a widow / widowerpintar to paintindependiente independentjubilado/a retiredhace punto to knitcocinar to cook

amable friendly / amiableniño/a, el/la child / kidhombre, el manchico/a, el/la young man/ womanseñora mayor, la elderly woman

If you look at the illustration and read the notes, you know a lotabout these people. Fine people with these characteristics andwrite their names.

Listen to two neighbours. Who are they talking about? What dothey say?

5. FAMOUS THINGS AND PEOPLE

actriz norteamericana, la American actressplato chino Chinese dishmarca italiana Italian make / brandgrupo musical inglés British pop grouppelícula española Spanish filmpolítico europeo European politicianfutbolista brasileño, el Brazilian footballerpersonaje histórico español, el famous historical Spaniardescritor latinoamericano, el Latin-American writerproducto típico francés typical French product

Now in pairs make questions about three more subjects.

6. GERMAN, GERMAN...Here are the names in Spanish of some countries. In the listbelow, find the corresponding nationality adjectives. Then, with apartner, try to classify the adjectives according to their endings.

britanico/a Britishnorteamericano/a Americaninglés/a, el/la Englishescocés/a Scottishgalés/a Welshirlandés/a, el/la Irlishitaliano/a Italianportugués/a, el/la Portugueseespañol/a, el/la Spanishfrancés/a, el/la Frenchcanadiense, el/la Canadianholandés/a, el/la Dutchalemán/a, el/la Germanaustriaco/a, el/la Austrianbelga, el/la Belgianmarroquí, el/la Morrocanluxemburgués/a, el/la Luxembourgergriego/a Greekbrasileño/a Brazilian¿De dónde eres? Where are you from?

llamarse to be called¿Cuántos años tiene (usted)? How old are you? (formal)¿Cuántos años tienes? How old are you? (informal)¿A qué se dedica (usted)? What do you do? (formal)¿A qué te dedicas? What do you do? (informal)padre, el fathermadre, la motherhermano/a brother / sisterhijo/a son / daughter

¿Tienes hermanos? Have you got any brothers or sisters?

Now do you know the name of your country and its peopnot, ask your teacher. Ask your teacher too about your towwhich might have a different name in Spanish.

Sugerencia para el ejemplo:¿Cómo es Edinburgh en español? Edimburgo.

Then ask your partner what town or city he/she is from.

7. PAULA’S FAMILY TREE Paula is talking about her family: listen and complete her fatree.

Compare your results with a partner’s. Then ask him/her qtions to make his/her family tree.

8. SPANISH -AR, -ER, -IR VERBS Do you do any of these? Mark them with a tick.

Hablo inf.: hablar I speakhablar to speakleo inf.: leer I readleer to readescribo inf.: I writeescribir to writevivo inf.: vivir I livevivir leben; to liverecibo inf.: I receiverecibir to receive / to getpoesía poetryperiódico newspaper¿juegas al fútbol? Do you play football?¿tienes un animal en casa? Have you got any pets?animal, el animalgato cat

Now ask your partner some questions and note down theianswers. Later you’ll tell the rest of the class about the thremost interetsting replies.

9. A MEDITERRANEAN CRUISE All these people are going on acruise around the Balearic IsCan you work out who’s who by looking at the illustration the passenger list? Write the number on the labels.

biólogo/a biologistmariposa, la butterflyaficionado/a fan / followerprofesor/a de música, el/la music teacherprofesor/a de gimnasia, el/la gym teacher

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japonés, el Japanesecasado/a marriedpintor/a, el/la painterchileno/a Chileanarquitecto/a Architectempresa firm / companyinformática IT / Information Technologysuizo/a Swisspianista, el/la pianist

funcionario/a civil servantal lado (de) next toporque becausemismo/a, el/la the same

Compare your results with a partner’s. Have you got the same?

10. WHERE YOUR PARTNER CAN SIT Imagine that your partner is also going on this trip. Who canhe/she sit with at meal-times? The tables seat five or six.

First complete an index card with his/her details (age, nationality,job, interests, languages, etc). Then listen to some of the crew talk-ing, and get some additional information about the passengers.

Now tell the rest of the class where your partner can sit. Doeshe/she agree with you?

11-13. WHERE ARE YOU FROM?

se conocen they meet (for the fist time)conocerse to know / to meettren, el trainbar, el barcasi siempre almost alwaysluego thenexplicar to tell / to explaindetalle, el detailregión, la region

lengua languagemanera de vivir way of livingaspecto físico physical appearance

Look at the text. Is your country like that too?

Look at the map. What do you already know about the regions,cities, sights and customs?

Do you know any Spanish people? What are they like? Make a list of adjectives. Probably we don’t all have the same idea of the Spanish.

UNIT 3. PEOPLE ON HOLIDAY

We’re going to organise a group holiday.

vacaciones, las holiday / vacation

1. MADRID OR BARCELONA? In a draw, you’ve won a trip: Madrid or Barcelona?

With a partner, match the photos to the places and the activitiesthat are mentioned in the ads.

¡Enhorabuena! Congratulations!visita visit (noun)guiado/a guidedautocar, el coachexcursión, la excursión / outingmonasterio monasterypaseo stroll (noun)plaza squareparque, el park

fundación, la foundationconcierto concertpartido de fútbol football match

Which city would you rather visit: Madrid or Barcelona?

2. YOUR INTERESTS Write the three place or three activities that interest you the mosin the city you’ve chosen.

Las cosas que me interesan más son ... The things that interesme the most are... yo quiero inf.: querer I want (to)me interesa inf.: interesarse I’m interested in

Talk to your partners. Use these expressions:

3. A TEST ABOUT HOLIDAYS Magazines often publish tests to find out what we are like andwhat our habits are. Here is one about holidays:

me gusta inf.: gustar I like (sth.)viajar to travelprefiero inf: preferir I prefer (sth.) / I would ratherpareja partnerfamilia familiyamigo/a friendprimavera springverano summerotoño autumn / fallinvierno winteraventura adventurebicicleta bike / bicycleavión, el plane /aircraftrápido/a fastercoche, el car

4. THREE HOLIDAYS: DAVID, EDU AND MANUEL

viaje, el tripestación del año, la seasonactividad, la activitiestransporte, el (means of) transport

5. TRAVELLING COMPANION NEEDED You are planning your holiday and you come across these threeads. The three trips are very different.

aventurero/a adventurousplaza libre free placeapartamento apartmentviaje organizado organised tripvacaciones tranquilas, las relaxing holidays




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costumbre, la customida y vuelta return tripguía, el/la guideentre inf: entrar to enter / to come inpida inf: pedir to ask forsol, el the Sunmar, el seaocasión, la special offerbarato/a cheap

agosto Augustcerca (de) near

6. BENISOL.COM On the Mediterranen coast of Spain there are places like Benisol,an imaginary village. Read the text from its website and decide if

you like Benisol.

pequeño/a smallparaíso paradisesituado/a located / situatedjunto a next tomediterráneo/a Mediterreanentre betweennorte, el northinfraestructura infrastructureturístico/a tourist (adjective)magnífico/a superb / magnificentclima, el climatemaravilloso/a wonderfullugar, el placetodo/a alltipo, el typevisitante, el/la visitorcentro antiguo old quarteredificio buildingsiglo centuryprincipio the beginningestrecho/a narrowplazuela smalll squareencanto charmpueblo villageiglesia churchnaranja, la orangearena sandsuave softservicio serviceinstalación, la facilitydeporte náutico watersportspaseo maritimo seafront promenademarítimo/a maritimepensión, la pension (small hotel)hostal, el hostelcámping, el campsiteautopista motorwayaeropuerto airportestación, la stationRENFE Spanish national railwaysalrededores, los surroundingsdesierto desertsenderismo tramping / trekkingisla islandarchipiélago archipelago

ecológico/a ecologicaltermas spamarino/a marine / sea (adjective)acuático/a water-atracción, la attractionhay there is / there areestar to be (for location)oficina de turismo tourist information officeayuntamiento town council

piscina swimming poolsauna saunagimnasio gymcasino casinocine, el cinematampoco neitherquerer (ie) to wantgustar to like

Look carefully at the websiste information. Working with a parhow many things that you recognise can you spot in the illust

Next, make sentences from the information in the text andillustration. The winner is the first team to make 10 sentencusing the following structures:

7. TWO CAMPSITES Which of these two campsites do you like the most? Why? your partners.

peluquería hairdressertenis, el tennislavandería launderettediscoteca discorestaurante, el restaurantguardería kindergartencajero automático ATM / cash dispenser

8. A PLACE I REALLY LIKE Think about a place where you have been on holiday that really liked. Prepare a mini-presentation on it for your classincluding: where it is, what interesting things it has or it is to, why you like it, etc.

bonito/a beautiful / lovelyPicos de Europa Los Picos de Europa (mountain range in tnorth of Spain)

9. GOING ON HOLIDAY IN A GROUP Mark your preferences among the following options.

coche, el carautobús, el coach / busmontaña countryside / moutainscampo countryalojamiento accommodationalbergue de juventud, la youth hostelalquilado/a rentedalquilar to rent

Express your preferences.Listen to what your classmates say. Note down the names those who have the most similar preferences to yours.

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10. MORILLO DE TOU OR YUCATÁN First get into groups according to the results of previous exercise.For your group’s holiday you are going to choose one of the twooptions. Read the ads.

abandonado/a adandonedrehabilitado/a renovated / restoredsindicato unionconjunto complex

península peninsulaobservatorio astronómico observatorysemitropical subtropicallluvia rainprovocar to causecalor, el heathúmedo/a humiditytemperatura temperatureenero Januarycarretera roadpreferir (ie) to preferir (a) to gosalir to leave / to departregresar to returnalojarse to stay (in a hotel, etc)

pasar tp spend (time)visitar to visit

You need to agree on:- dates- accommodation- activities

EACH GROUP’S PLAN Each group tells the class the option they have chosen and thereasons for their choice. You can use this box to help you prepareyour explanation.

12. GET TO KNOW CASTILE AND LEÓN An advertising agency has has produced this ad. Listen and read.

lleno/a fullmuralla city wallsacueducto aqueductcatedral, la cathedralruta routecastillo, el castledescansar to relax

13. COUNTRY, CITY, RIVER One of you chooses a place name (river, city, etc) that appearson the map and asks where it is. If anybody can answer, they geta point. The winner is the one with the most points at the end. If your classmates need help, you can give them clues like:

río riverlago lakesur, el southeste, el eastoeste, el westcentro middle / centrelejos (de) far away (from)

UNIT 4. PEOPLE WHO SHOP

ir de compras to go shoppingcompra purchase ( noun)

1. GENTISHOP, SHOPPING CENTRE

fijarse (en) to pay attention tocentro comercial shopping mall / shopping centre

vender to sellelectrodoméstico (electrical) appliancemedicamento medicineropa clothespastel, el cakelibro bookjoya jewelzapato shoepapel, el papercosméticos (pl.) cosmeticsartículo de deporte sportswear and equipmentbebida drinksflor, la flowerspostal, el postcardrevista magazine

2. DANIEL’S SHOPPING LIST

botella bottlecava cava (Spanish champagne)americana jacket / blazerespuma de afeitar shaving cream / foamaspirina aspirindesodorante, el deodorantpila batteryCD virgen, el writeable CDcalcetín, el socksobre, el enveloperegalo gift / presentpañuelo handkerchief

reloj, el watchlibrería bookshopdroguería shop selling clearing and other household goodspapelería stationer’squiosco kiosksupermercado supermarketbodega off-licence / bottle storepastelería confectioner’s / cake-shopjoyería jeweller’sfloristería florist’stienda shop / storemueble, el furniturecomprar to buy

3. DANIEL’S SHOPPING

demasiado too (much / many)caro/a expensiveprecioso/a lovely / beautifulfuerte strongperfume, el perfumenegro/a blacktalla size




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solo/a onlylo siento I’m sorrysegundo/a secondplanta floor¿Cuánto vale? How much is it?aceptar to take (credit cards)tarjeta (de crédito), la credit cardprecio, el pricenovio/a (feste/r) girlfriend

ticket de la compra, el receipten cambio however,orquídea orchidbolsa bag

4. HOW MUCH IS IT?

tratar to try (to)identificar to identifyseñalar to markcruz, la (cruces, las) cross (noun) / an X

5. A HUNDRED THOUSAND MILLION

en parejas in pairsdespués thenresto the rest

6. ARE YOU THERE?

gorra capadecuado/a right (=adequate, best)informar(se) to tell / to announcedecisión, la decisionmejor better

7. HAVE YOU GOT A COMPUTER?

ordenador, el computerconsumista, el/la consumerlavavajillas, el dishwashercámara (de vídeo) camcordertienda de campaña tentmoto, la motorbikepatines, los skatesmicroondas, el microwaveesquí, el skilavadora washing-machineteléfono móvil mobile phone / cellphonenecesitar to needjersey, el jersey / pulloverdisco record / albumcamiseta T-shirtpantalones, los trousers (UK), pants (US)corbata tieblanco/a whiteamarillo/a yellowrojo/a redverde greenazul bluegris greyrosa pinknaranja orange

beige beigebota boot

8. THE RIGHT CLOTHES

sitio, el placeponerse to put onluego thenreunión, la meeting

trabajo workelegante elegant / smartchaqueta jacket / blazerfalda skirtvestido dress (noun)vaqueros, los jeans / denimscazadora jacket / windcheaterserio/a seriousclásico/a classicinformal casualjuvenil young / youthful

9. A PARTY

imaginar to imaginetraer to take / to bringgastar to spendencargarse (de) to be in charge ofcerveza beervela candlemochila rucksack / backpackpoder (ue) to be able / can

10. PRIZES TO CHOOSE FROM

sorteo lucky drawgalería comercial shopping centre / mallgalería shopping centre / mall / department storeelegir to choosefamiliar, el/la relativesofá sofatele (visión), la TV set

15. MERRY CHRISTMAS

¡feliz navidad! Merry Christmasnavidad, la Christmaspropio/a own (adjective)respecto a with regard toReyes Magos, los the Three Wise MenOriente, el The Eastcamello camelcarta letterNochebuena Christmas Evemuñeca dollpatines en línea, los mono-skatesjuguete, el toyhabitación, la bedroomcarbón, el coaldistinto/a differentvino winecolonia colognelicor, el liquer

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casarse to get marriedhospital, el hospitalllevar to takebombón, el sweets

UNIT 5. PEOPLE WHO ARE FIT

1. HOW TO BE IN GOOD SHAPE

en forma fit / in good shapebici, la bike / bicyclepescado fisha menudo oftendemasiado too much / too manybeber to drinkagua, el (f) waterfruta fruitandar to walkfumar to smoketomar(se) to drinkfibra fibredeporte exercise (here)carne, la meat

azúcar, el sugarverdura vegetable(tener) en común (to have something) in common

2. THE MOVING BODY

cuerpo bodymovimiento movementsalud, la healthsuplemento supplementinformación, la informationejercicio físico physical exerciseinstrucción, la instructionrealizar to carry out / to domantenerse en forma to keep fit / to stay in good shape

fácil easypecho chestcuello neckactividad física, la physical activityperder peso to lose weighttono muscular muscle-tonemúsculo musclesofisticado/a sophisticatedrecomendable advisable / recommendablesimple simpleefectivo/a effectivea continuación as followsde pie standing uppierna legabierto/a open

mano, la handjunto/a togetherdetrás (de) behindcabeza, la headgirar to turnderecha rightizquierda leftespalda back

corazón, el heartrodilla kneecodo elbowsentarse to sit downsuelo floor / grounddoblar to bendhacia towardsatrás behind / backestirado/a stretched / tensed

estirar to stretchpie, el footcambiar to changeabrir to openbrazo armtumbarse to lie downapoyado/a supportedapoyar to support / to helplevantar to liftcolocar to place / to putenfrente (de) in front ofojo eyeprograma de radio, el radio programmehábito habitentrevista interview

4. HEAD, FOOT, MOUTH

Boca mouthorden, la order / instructionseguir (i) to follow / to do the samemodificar to alterpostura posturesucesivamente successively / and so onequivocar(se) to get it wrongganar to wincintura waistcerrar to shut / to closebajar to put down

5. CAUSES OF STRESS

causa causeestrés stressayudar to helpsíntoma, el symptomanotar to note downfrecuentemente often / frequentlyasunto question / issuesiempre alwaysdeprisa in a rushdesayunar to have breakfastponerse to get / to becomenervioso/a upset / agitatedatasco traffic jam

inmediatamente immediately / straight awaymenos fewer / lessdurante duringdiscutir to argue / to quarrellevantarse to get upacostarse (ue) to go to bedsufrir to suffer (from)de vez en cuando now and then / occasionally




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nunca nevermuy verydelgado/a thinchocolate, el chocolategrasa fat (noun)dulces, los sweet thingspatata potatomás more

6. BAD HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFE

sano/a healthyvarios/as variousentrevistar to interviewdar un paseo to for a walkconsejo (a piece of) advicetener que (he/she) needs to / has to

7. OUR GUIDE TO REACHING THE AGE OF 100 IN GOOD HEALTH.

importante importantalimentación, la dietequilibrio, el balanceanímico/a mental / state of mindcontrolar to controlimportancia impotancedisfrutar (de) to enjoytiempo libre free timetranquilo/a peacefulhorario routineregulares regular / set (adjective)calma calm

8. LET’S GET BRIEFED

razón, la reasonactualmente nowadays / these daysdelante (de) in front ofsin embargo neverthelesspreparar to design (here)convenir (ie) to be advisableviolento/a violentalimento foodnormalmente normallyengordar to put on weightgordo/a overweight / fatde hecho in factsociedad, la societyoccidental western (hemisphere)enfermo/a sick / unwella causa (de) because ofexceso excessaconsejable advisablereducir to reduceproteína proteindieta dietOrganización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) World HealthOrganisation (WHO)recomendar (ie) to recommendimpaciente impatientintrovertido/a introverted

riesgo riskyextrovertido/a extrovertedprisa (in a) rushinvestigación, researchestablecer to demonstrate / to establishrelación, la relationshipdirecto/a directemoción, la emotionnegativo/a negative

malo/a badpreocupación, la worry (noun)muerte, la deathcontribuir (a) to contribute (to)aumentar to increasepositivo/a positiveevitar to avoidsentimiento feelingculpabilidad, la guiltayuda aid / helpconseguir to get / to achievefinalmente lastly / finallyseñalar to point out / to mentionsuponer to mean / to count for

9. THE CONTENTS OF OUR GUIDE

conveniente advisabletranquilidad, la calm (noun)enfermedad, la sickness

10. LET’S MAKE THE GUIDE

esperanza de vida, la life-expectancyadoptar to adoptvejez, la old ageseleccionar to choose

11. HEALTH, MONEY AND LOVE

dinero moneyamor, el lovefelicidad, la happinessencuesta surveymoralmente morallylibertad, la freedomvecino/a neighbourcenar to have dinnerrato a whilemayoría most (of)frente a in front oftelevisión, la TV setentretenimiento entertainmentpreferido/a favourite / preferredconsumir to consumediversión, la fun / pastimereciente recentrecientemente recentlyindicar to indicate / revealcomida rápida fast food / junk foodtodo/a/os/as allcasi almostafirmar to claim / to declare

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orgulloso/a proudopinar to believe / to thinkdescuidar to neglect

UNIT 6. PEOPLE WHO WORK

1. PEOPLE’S JOBS

profesión, la profesión / jobimagen, la illustrationletra letter (alphabet)correspondiente correspondingcomparar to compareempleado/a workerguardia de seguridad, el/la security guardtraductor/a translatordependiente, el/la shop assistantabogado/a lawyermensajero/a courierdentista, el/la dentisttaxista, el/la taxi-driveralbañil, el builder’s labourervendedor/a de coches car salesman

2. QUALITIES

necesario/a necessaryorganizado/a organised (adjective)dinámico/a dynamiccreativo/a creativecomunicativo/a communicativedispuesto/a (a) willing toacostumbrado/a (a) used to (adjective)trabajar en equipo teamworkescuchar to listenmandar to give orders / to leadconvencer to convinceidioma, el (foreign) language

experiencia experiencetítulo (universitario) university degree or diplomapresencia (to have a) smart appearancepaciencia patiencecarné de conducir, el driving licence

4. INTERESTING, BORING, SAFE, DANGEROUS PROFESSIONS

aburrido/a boringseguro/a safepeligroso/a dangerousfarmacéutico/a farmacistmúsico/a musicianagricultor/a farmerasistente social, el/la social worker

camionero/a truckdrivermédico/a doctorcartero/a postman / postwomanmaestro/a schoolteacherpolicía, el/la police officerpsicólogo/a psychologistvariado/a variedautónomo/a autonomous / self-motivating

monótono/a monotonousduro/a hardestresante stressfulaccidente, el accidentfuera (de) away (from)desagradable unpleasantresponsabilidad, la responsibility

5. ALICIA’S LOOKING FOR A JOB

valorar to evaluateanuncio de trabajo, el job adpresentarse to applysolicitar to seek (here)empleo post / positionmultinacional multinationallicenciatura (universitaria) university degreeperfil, el profilerequerido/a requiredventa salesdisponibilidad, la availability / willingnessdon de gentes, el good interpersonal skillsconocimiento knowledgeofrecer to offer

contrato contractlaboral working (adjective)seguridad social, la Social Securitydesde from (here)incorporación, la joining / startingformación, la traininga cargo (de) paid for bysueldo, el pay / salarycomisión, la commissionambiente, el atmospherevehículo vehicle / cargastos pagados expenses paidpagado/a paidescribir a mano handwrittencurrículo CV / résumé

departamento departmentsector, el sectoravanzado/a advancedinteresado/a, el/la if you’re interested (here)inmediato/a immediateenviar to sendurgentemente urgentlysede, la head office / headquartersdominio full commandcapacidad, la abilityliderar to leadsegún in line with / according totécnico/a techniciancomercial commercial / sales (adjective)remitir to send

6. STRANGE AND FAMOUS

curioso/a odd / strangerecordar(se) to rememberimaginar to imagine / to guessvarias veces vey oftenactor/ actriz, el/la actor / actress




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pertenecer to belong to / to be a member ofCienciología Scientologyparticipar to take part introfeo trophypublicidad, la advertisingtraducir to translateaproximadamente about / approximatelyadolescente, el/la teenageradministrativo/a clerk

telenovela soap operasuperar to exceed / to surpassen total all in all / in totalfutbolista, el/la footballeranual annual / per yearaveriguar to work outmuchas veces oftenbastante quiteregular not so well / not so good

8. I’VE NEVER BEEN TO GRANADA

paella paella tango tangoflamenco flamencoperder to losemaleta suitcaseaeropuerto airportpoema, el poemglobo hot-air balloonenamorarse to fall in loveselva jungle

9. TRUTH OR LIES?

verdad, la the truthmentira a lieconservatorio conservatory

yoga, el yogaadivinar to guess / to work outentender to understand

10. JOB ADS: WHAT ARE THEY LOOKING FOR?

joven, el/la young peopleinstalar(se) to install itself / to move tocrear (er-) to createpuesto de trabajo job / positionrellenar to fill in / to fill outficha index cardcolumna columnprogresar to progressprograma informático, el IT programespecializado/a specialistdecorador/a decoratorescaparate, el shop-windowaptitud, la aptitudesensibilidad, la sensitivitydisposición, la willingness / keenessmozo young man / warehouseman (here)

11. RECRUITMENT

de momento so farsolicitud, la applicationlugar de nacimiento place of birthdomicilio actual current addressBUP (Bachillerato Unificado Polivalente) Secondary scho“graduation”

13. LIVING TO WORK OR WORKING TO LIVE?

ni ... neither …nordemostrar (ue) to showobsesionado/a obsessedeconómico/a economicdeclarar to claimpor otra parte on the other handsatisfacción, la satisfactionentrevistado/a intervieweesalario salarydesarrollo developmentestabilidad, la stabilitytrabajar por cuenta propia to be self-employedestilo stylesuficiente enoughocio free time / leisure timeahorrar to saveconsistir (en) to consist (of)alrededor (de) round aboutempezar (ie) to startocupado/a busysensación, la impressioncopa (ir de copas) drink (go out drinking)temporada alta high seasondestino destinationépoca period / timerecorrer to travel throughaprovechar to take advantage ofcombinar to combinepermitir to letsuerte, la luckdiseño designdesaparecer disappeargenial great / really goodcomplicado/a difficult / complicatedarriesgado/a risky

UNIT 7. PEOPLE WHO EAT WELL

1. SPANISH PRODUCTS

producto productver to seeexportar to exportingrediente, el ingredientintentar to try (to)descubrir to find outcomprobar to checkgarbanzo chickpeaqueso cheesegamba prawn

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uva grapealmendra almondespárrago asparagousfresa strawberrynaranja orangetomate tomatoavellana hazelnutaceituna olivevino wine

nuez, la walnutcereza cherrychorizo chorizoninguno/a none

2. BLASCO SUPERMARKET

cliente, el/la customerpedido orderdocena dozenhuevo eggleche, la milkentero/a full-fat (milk)vino tinto red winelata can (drinks)

paquete, el packetdesnatado/a low-fatcantidad, la amount

3. MEXICAN COOKING

camarero/a, waiter / waitressmole pueblano Mexican dish with meat, chili sauce, fruit andspices.chile, el chili

4. MEDITERRANEAN DIET

dietista, el/la dieticiantópico stereotypes

en general in generalcordero lambcuarto, el a quarterademás besides / in additionlitro litre / literadelgazar to lose weightpreocuparse to worryregla rulereceta recipesolucionar to solveorganismo organism / the bodyllegar to reachhay que (you) have toaportar to contributecalcio calcium

yogur yoghurtadulto/a adult / grown-upcontener to containvegetariano/a, el/la vegetarianpor supuesto of coursesecreto secretlegumbre, la legume / pulsecereal, el cereal

seco/a dryarroz, el ricepolenta polenta

5. SHOPPING FOR TODAY’S SPECIAL

cebolla onionpollo chickenternera veal

harina flourpimiento paprika / peppercalamar, el squidmacarrones macaronigazpacho gazpacho (cold vegetable soup)flan crème caramel

6. IS IT MEAT OR FISH?

aprender to learndecidir to decidesegundo second course / main coursepostre, el dessertvino blanco white winevino rosado rosé wine

zumo fruit juicecafé, el coffeecortado small coffee with a spot of milkcuenta the bill / the checkasado/a roastedfrito/a friedhervido/a boiledguisado/a braised / steweda la plancha grilleda la brasa barbequedal horno oven-baked / roastedpicante spicy / hotsalsa saucemedida measurements

8. ON A TRIP

acampada campingmonte, el the country / countrysideolvidar to forgetañadir to addquitar to take awaymantequilla butterespagueti, el spaghettimanzana apple

9. SPANISH OMELETTE

caliente warm / hotesquina corner

aperitivo aperitifentrante, el first coursetarde, la eveningmerendar to have a snackfécula starchdificultad, la difficultycortar to cutrodaja slice




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taza cupcalentar to heatsartén, la frying pansalar to salta fuego lento with a slow flame / low heatremover to stirmanera waypegar to stickescurrir to drain

batir to beatmezclar to mixcucharada teaspoonfuego heattruco trickcazuela saucepanfuente, la serving dishal final finally

13. NO DINNER FOR ME TODAY

oficina officeseguramente surely / probablybacalao codensalada saladbocadillo roll / sandwichmanzanilla camomile teaquizás maybe

14. ODE

fragmento fragmentpensar to thinkpor desgracia unfortunately / sadlyasesinar to murdercuchillo knifefresco/a fresh / coolprofundo/a deepinagotable inexhaustiblelleno/a fullclaro/a clearcelebrar to celebratecaer to fallesencial essentialhemisferio hemispheresobre onagregar to addfragancia fragranceplaneta, el planetdestinado/a destinedrelucir to shineconstante constantredondo/a roundmesa tablepobre poor

UNIT 8. PEOPLE WHO TRAVEL

1. ARIADNA ANGUERA’S DIARY

agenda diaryvuelo flight

entrada ticket (for cinema, theatre, etc)taquilla ticket officetraje, suit (clothes)ejecutivo/a, el/la executivefabricar to manufacture / to makehabitualmente usuallyplancha iron

2. THE PATH TO SANTIAGO

leyenda legendperegrino pilgrimcruzar to crossPirineos, los the Pyrennescaballo horseir a caballo go by horsereligioso/a religiousencontrar (ue) to find / to come acrosspintoresco/a picturesqueposada inn / taverncama bedducha showerConsejo de Europa, el the Council of Europeitinerario way / routedeclarar to declarefrontera frontier / bordertodavía stilla punto de about to

3. A SPANISH COURSE IN GRANADA

inscribirse to enrolllamada calledobtener to get / to obtaincurso courseintensivo/a intensiveocuparse de to handlepago paymenttransferencia bancaria bank transferprefijo prefixreserva to book

4. THE TOUR OF SPAIN BY EIGHT MEANS OF TRANSPORT

vuelta tourparticipar to take partconcurso contest / competitionutilizar to use / to utliliseal menos at leastusar to useetapa stagepasar de largo to go past / to go by without stoppingtardar to take (time)tabla tabledistancia distance

5. WHEN IS YOUR BIRTHDAY?

¿Cuándo? When?cumpleaños, el birthdayenero Januaryfebrero February

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marzo Marchabril, el Aprilmayo Mayjunio Junejulio Julyagosto Augustseptiembre, el Septemberoctubre, el Octobernoviembre, el November

diciembre, el Decemberservicio service

6. HOTEL PICOS DE EUROPA

reserva booking / reservation

7. FROM 9 am TO 2 pm

mientras whilefarmacia chemist’s / pharmacyparecido/a similar

8. A BUSINESS TRIP

Similar to simulate

9. THE HOTEL

proponer (ue) to propose / to suggestrecinto ferial trade fair venue

11. WHAT A STRANGE LOT THEY ARE!

a veces sometimeseuropeo/a Europeannórdico/a Nordicpicar to nibble / to snacktapas tapasruidoso/a noisy

contaminación, la pollutional mediodía early afternoonmalentendido misunderstandingreunirse to meet / to hold a mettingsoso/a dull / boring (person)afectivo/a emotionalpersonal personalextranjero/a foreignrelacionarse to interact

UNIT 9. CITY PEOPLE

establecer to establishprioridad, la priority

solución, la solutiondebatir to debate / to discussexpresar to expressigualdad, la equality / samenessdesigualdad, la unequality / difference

1. FOUR CITIES

corresponder to correspondreferirse (a) to refer tomarcar to markhabitante, el/la inhabitantárea areametropolitano/a metropolitanFeria de Abril April Fair

Semana Santa Easternocturno/a night (adjective)capital, la capitalnivel del mar, el sea levelpuerto portindustria industrypesquero/a fishing (industry)tabacalero/a tobacco (industry)recurso resourceturismo tourismcosta coast

2. QUALITY OF LIFE

calidad, la quality

elaborar to produce/ to draw upopinión, la opinionciudadano/a, el/la citizen / inhabitanttamaño sizetráfico traffictransporte público, el public transporteducación, la educationsanidad, la health care (noun)colegio schoolsanitario/a health care (adjective)museo museumconferencia public talks / congressesalrededores, los the surroundingszona verde green areajardín, el garden

comercio shops / commercecarácter, el characterparticipativo/a activesolidario/a to show solidarity / to be supportivedroga drugsdelincuencia crime / delinquencyviolencia violenceindividualmente individuallycuestionario questionnaire / surveyconsiderar to consider / to believe

3. TWO TOWNS TO LIVE IN

Andes, los the AndesOcéano Pacífico the Pacific Ocean

templado/a cool / mildprincipal main / principalsudamericano/a South Americanintenso/a intenseatractivo, el attractioncerro hill / torrodear to surroundbarrio neighbourhood / suburb




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crecer to growcolina hillarquitectura architectureadaptar to adapt torelieve, el terrainempinado/a steepascensor, el leift / elevatorcolorido/a colourfulanfiteatro ampitheatre

influencia influencetropical tropicalsin lugar a dudas without doubtcolonial colonialLatinoamérica Latin Americahistórico/a historicalmilitar militarymoderno/a modernpor último... lastlycomplejo chain / groupislote, el islet / small islandcoralino/a coralformar parte (de) to form part ofnatural naturalevento event

internacional internationalCaribe, el the Caribbeanrepresentativo/a representativeritmo rhythmcaribeño Caribbean (adjective)reggae reggaesalsa salsasocca style of Colmbian dance musicacogedor/a welcoming / warm

4. VILLAJUÁN, ALDEHUELA Y ROCALBA

gobierno governmentregional regionallío a mess

doble, el twice as many / double

5. I LIKE BIG CITIES

preferencia preferencepizarra blackboard / whiteboardideal idealsuperioridad, la superlativeedad, la agepelo hairluz, la lightmetro underground / subwayigual the samede acuerdo (I) agreecon with

7. TOWN OR COUNTRY?

ventaja advantage / a prodesventaja disadvantage / a conformular to make / to formulateaburrirse to be bored / to get boredsentirse (ie) to feelintimidad, la privacy

8. VILLAREAL

imaginario/a imaginarypublicar to publishprensa the presslocal localfuturo futureíndice, el rate (noun)paro unemployment

población, la populationexistir to exist / There arelínea routeautobus, el buscasco antiguo the historic quarterproducirse to occur / to happencon frecuencia requentlygrave seriouspeatonal pedestrian (zone)proyecto project / plancriticar to criticisecomerciante, el/la business / shopownerúltimamente recently / latelygran superficie, la department storecrisis, la crisispermiso permission / a permitconstrucción, la constructionestado state / conditionestadio stadiummunicipal municipaldescubierto/a open-airbaloncesto basbetballvivienda dwellinghallarse to be currentlyalquiler rentrepresentar to representtercio a thirdingreso incomedesocupado/a unoccupied / uninhabitedprivado/a privatepúblico/a public / stateinstituto de enseñanza secundaria secondary schoolprovincial regionaltoxicómano/a, el/la drug addictestimarse to estimateactualidad, la currently / nowadayscentro de atención (a) clinicresidencia de ancianos señor citizens’ homeecología environment / ecologypolígono industrial industrial estatefábrica factoryplástico plasticurgente urgent / pressingfundamental basic / fundamentalconstruir (y) to buildradiofónico/a radio (adjective)

9. THE FINANCES OF VILLAREAL

finanzas, las financespresupuesto budget (noun)general generalinvertir (ie) to invest

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destinar to assignconcepto heading / aspectportavoz, el spokespersondefender (ie) to justifysesión, la session

11-13. WHAT IS A CITY?

avenida avenue

callejón, el back streetanuncio advertisementsemáforo traffic lightsirena sirenmercado marketcamión, el lorry / truckclaxon, el hornvoz, la voiceperro dogcanario canaryenfermera nurseempresario/a, el/la entrepenuer / business peoplevendedor/a, el/la sales repmecánico/a, el/la mechaniccura, el priest / pastor

obrero/a, el/la workercartel, el posterneón, el neoncabaré, el cabaret / clubtaberna inn / pubchiringuito beach bar / open air drinks stallventana windowpuerta doorportal, el porchsalida exitruido noisehumo smokeolor, el smellnoticia newscuento story

mendigo/a, el/la beggarprostituta prostitute / sex workeryonki, el junkie / drug addictbombero firefightertravestí, el transvestitebanquero/a, el/la bankeralegría joysorpresa surpriseilusión, la dreamesperanza hopeático attic / loftsótano basementdesamor, el lack of affectionraza race / ethnic groupasociar to associate

misterioso/a mysteriousespectáculo entertainment / showenclave, el enclavearqueológico/a archaeological

UNIT 10. PEOPLE AT HOME

saludarse to greetdespedirse to say goodbyepresentación, la to introduce / to presentinvitar to invitecumplido complimentacordar to arrange / to agree on

1. WHERE SHALL WE PUT THIS?

cambiarse de casa to move housesacar to take out / to removemudanza moving / house removalmesilla coffee table / side tablesillón, el armchairarmario cupboardtelevisor, el TV setsilla dining chairespejo mirrorestantería shelving unitequipo de música stereo / hi-fi(cuarto de) baño bathroomterraza terrace

estudio studypasillo corridor / hallsalón, el living roomcomedor, el dining roomrecibidor, el entrance

2. A FILM: VISITORS AT HOME

película film / moviefotograma still (from a film)grabación, la the recordinginicial firstescena scenereflejar to show / to idemonstrtaecortesía courtesy / politeness

gesto gestureofrecimiento offering / giftadelante Go ahead! / Be my guestfrigorífico fridgesobrino/a, el/la nephew / neiceencantado/a Nice to meet you.bonito/a lovelyenseñar to showmadrugar to get up early

3. FLAT FOR RENT

piso flat / apartmentalquiler, el the renten alquiler for rent / to rent

alquilar to rentamplio/a largeresidencial residentialvestíbulos hall / lobbycomún common / sharedcomunitario/a communal / shareddistinguir to differ

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5. FIRST ON THE RIGHT

señalado/a markedtodo recto straight ahead / straight onhasta as far as / until you get tofinal, el the end

6. IS ALEJANDRO THERE?

subir to go upservir (i) to be used forindicación, la directionsallí there (place)coger to take / to ctachmirar to looksed, la to be thirsty

7. ¿TÚ O USTED? / INFORMAL OR FORMAL PRONOUN?

tratamiento form of addressviñeta cartoon / illustrationatender to deal withfacultad, la faculty / university departmentelección, la the choicedepender to depend onfactor, el factorsituación, la situationintervenir to intervene / to be involvedcontexto contextobservar to notice / to observe

8. GUESTS AT HOME

invitado/a, el/la guestpapel, el roleinventar to make up / to inventinvitación, la invitationestupendo/a great! / fantastic!entregar to hand something to someoneobsequio small giftmolestarse to take the trouble

9. THE VISIT: WRITING THE SCRIPT

preparación, la preparing (noun)guión, el scriptsecuencia sequenceaproximado/a rough / approximatellegada arrivalanfitrión/anfitriona, el/la hosthuésped/a, el/la guestalusión, la (make) reference

10. THE VISIT: ON STAGE

ensayo to rehearsevoluntario/a volunteerescenificar to performen público in front of an audiencedirector/a, el/la director

11-13. HOUSE FOR SALE

agencia inmobiliaria real estate companyjornada working daytranscurrir to pass / go by (for time)competencia the competitionprofesional professionalguapo/a smart / posh (here)estudiante (universitario) university student

exigencia demandcuidar to look afterpagar to payexigente demandingespacio spacebillar, el billiards / snooker tableredactar to write / to composeanterior the above / previousprivilegiado/a privileged / fortunatevista viewexcepcional exceptionalinmejorable unbeatablepulmón, el lungrecreo recreationaltrastero storage space / junk roomcalefacción, la heatingequipado/a equippedhorno eléctrico electric ovencampana extractora extractor fan and hoodaluminio aluminiummicroondas microwave ovenvídeo-portero video-porter / entry phone with camera

UNIT 11. PEOPLE AND STORIES

biografía biographyacontecimiento eventrelacionar to relate

1. IMPORTANT DATES

fecha datesuceder to take place / to happenOlimpiada The Olympicscelebrar to hold (an event)acabar to finishguerra warGuerra Civil española the Spanish Civil WarII Guerra Mundial Word War IIlanzar to launchusuario/a, el/la useraparecer (zc) to appearsubrayar to underlineterminar to terminate / to end

3. SPANISH TEENAGERS’ DIARIES

diario diaryadolescencia teenage yearsnacido/a bornmanifestación, la demonstrationunir to join

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marcha the marchsilencio silenceresultado the resultnoticias, las the newsgira tourcantar to singmusical musical show or filmfirma the signingEstados Unidos, los the United Sates of America

paso stepONU the United Nationschurro churro (fried strip of dough)bebé, el babybebé probeta, el test-tube babyconstitución, la the Constitutionreferéndum, el referendumurbanización, la housing estateinterior inside / indoorsnovela novelhambre, el hunger / be hungryTorres Gemelas, las the Twin Towersregalar to give (as a present)calcetín, el sockchulo/a awesome / cool

fenomenal great / fantastic

4. PAST TIMES

suceso eventsrelato story / account

5. VERY IMPORTANT YEARS

comentar to comment on / to talk aboutrellenar fill in / outdivorciarse to get divorcedjubilarse to retiremarido husbandcompañero/a, el/la partner

7. WHAT WAS LIFE LIKE WHEN YOU WERE A KID?

infancia childhoodnacer to be bornanteayer the day before yesterdayanoche last nightpasado/a pastcontraste, el contrastllave, la key

8. HE/SHE WENT OUT AT 7.45

detective, el/la detectivedetective privado/a private detective

llamar al timbre to ring the (door)belltimbre, el the bellcolega, el/la workmatesllover (ue) to rainparaguas, el umbrella

9. THREE PASSION-FILLED LIVES

apasionante passionate / passion-filledamargura bitternessamargo/a bittermusa museverdadero/a genuine / truemito legendacción, la act / action

religión, la religionfilosofía philosophyuniverso universeIndia, la Indiaúnicamente just / onlymáquina de escribir typewritermilagro miracleesperar wait for / hope / expectbuscar to look fortemprano earlymorir to dieexilio exileinconformista nonconformistcrítico/a criticalanticonvencional unconventional

ironía ironyrealizador/a, el/la film-maker / directormundial world (adjective)elogiado/a praised / acclaimedpersonaje, el famous personcaja, la boxoralmente orallyacomodado/a comfortable / well-offtradicional traditionalcontinuar to continue / to furtherfundir to foundinstitución, la institutiondiscapacitado/a handicappedfrecuentar to frequentsurrealista, el/la surrealist

ayudante, el/la assistantterrible awfulpoliomielitis, la polioquedarse to becomeciego/a blindchamán, el shamancurar to cure / to healfugarse to run away / to escapepobreza povertyrealidad, la realitysurrealismo surrealismcinematográfico/a film (adjective) / cinematographiccrítica criticismrepublicano/a Republican (in the Spanish Civil War)prohibir to ban

comenzar to begin / to startluchar to fightbando side (in a war)preso prisonercampo de concentración, el concentration campmonasterio monasterypozo well (noun)aunque although

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a mediados (de) in the mid- (80s, etc)retirar to retirevíctima victimalcoholismo alcoholismluna moonRepública, la the Republic (before and during the Spanish Civil

War)exiliarse to go into exileacoger to receive

generosamente generously / warmlyexiliado/a, el/la exile (person)jesuita Jesuitmisionero/a, el/la missionaryalcanzar to achieve / to attainpopularidad, la popularityjuerga partying / living it upabandonar to leave / to abandondoler (ue) to hurt / to painfuerza strengthfaltar to lackagonizar to be dying / to be in the throes of deathllorar to cry / to weepalma soul

11-12. STRANGERS IN THE NIGHT

extraño/a, el/la strangermurmullo murmuracompañar to accompanybanda sonora soundtrackreal realsonar (ue) to dreamentonces at that time / thenimportar to be importantemisora radio stationconectar to tune in toPapa, el the Popeirreal unreallocutor/a, el/la radio announcerni siquiera not evenmapa, el mappensamiento thoughtrepetir to repeatmonótono/a monotonousromper to breakrutina routinede repente suddenlyinterrumpir to interruptescuetamente succinctly / sparelycorrespondiente correspondingpresidente, el/la the Presidentasesinado/a assassinated / murderedseriedad, la seriousnessmiedo fear / worrycomprender understandgobernar to governsorprendente surprisingimpreso etched / stampedmemoria memoryfigurar to figure / to appearmina mine (noun)protagonista, el/la the main character / protagonist

relatar to talk / write aboutbreve shortdinosaurio, el dinosaur

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