PROJECT ENTREPRENEURIAL MINDSET: Research and Education

ENTREPRENEURIAL MINDSETEntrepreneurial HeadEntrepreneurial Heart Entrepreneurial Hand

MINDSET CHANGE SKILL ACQUISITION MATURING PROCESS

3 PILLARS OF CIPUTRA ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION

ENTREPRENEURSCommercial

EntrepreneursGovernment /

Public Entrepreneurs

Corporate Entrepreneurs (Intra-preneurs)

Social Entrepreneurs

PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ENTREPRENEURS:

self – confidenceopenness to experiencetolerance for ambiguityindependencelocus of control

proactivityneeds for achievementsrisk acceptanceunconventionalityideational fluencyetc.

PassionateMarket Sensitive

Calculated Risk-takerCreative And Innovative

IndependentPersistent

High Ethical Standard

7 CHARACTER OF ENTREPRENEURS CIPUTRA WAY:

• Learn to understand entrepreneurship• Learn to be entrepreneurial• Learn to become an entrepreneur

Ciputra University model: giving the student the experience of how to create a real start up with real money to generate real profit

ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION:

LEARNING METHOD: experiential and problem/project – based learning.

LEARNING ENTREPRENEURSHIP INVOLVES PROCESSES OF:• Learning• Un-learning• Re-learning

UC Graduate Profile:

CURRENT PERFORMANCE MEASURES:• Number of businesses being created• Number of new employment opportunity being created• Total Revenue being generated monthly

Does NOT reflect any reliable evidence of mindset change!

Entrepreneurship Education must cover domains of:Cognitive Psycho-motoricAffective

Quotients to be measured:IQ, EQ, SQ, AQ Entrepreneurial Quotient

•Holistic Approach of Entrepreneurship Curriculum covers 3 learning domains (Bloom’s Taxonomy) :

1. Cognitive : Problem solving using intelligence and conscious thought

2. Psycho-motoric : physical movement3. Affective : feeling/emotion (receiving,

responding, valuing, organization, characterization Krathwohl)

One thing for sure:Learning entrepreneurship includes learning from failures.

Fail Fast, Fail Often and Fail Cheap

“Good Ideas does not come from successes but from failures” Jeff Hoffman

Clip from Bruce C. Martin, Jeffrey McNally, Michael J. Kay paper on Journal of Business

Venturing Suggests:1. Those who have taken university- level courses in entrepreneurship

have higher intention to start a business (Galloway & Brown, 2002)2. Individual who have had entrepreneurship training are more likely

to start a business (Kolvereid & Moen, 1997)

Clip from Tae Jun Bae, Shanshan Kian, Chao Miao and James O. Fiet paper on the Relationship between E’ship Education and E-Intentions: a Meta Analytic Review• Overall, entrepreneurship education has a statistically significant but small

positive relationship with entrepreneurial intentions. The meta-analysis indicated that the correlation between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions was ρˆ = .143. • In addition, another analysis confirms that the entrepreneurship education–

entrepreneurial intentions relationship (ρˆ = .143) was greater than the business education–entrepreneurial intentions relationship (ρˆ = .051). • The difference was statistically significant. Thus, in conclusion: entrepreneurship

education was related more positively to a participant’s entrepreneurial intentions than was business education

oN THE OTHER SIDE:1. Students had lower level of intention to start a business after

completing entrepreneurship course (Oosterbeek, 2010)2. Training entrepreneurs in business planning can be negatively

related to entrepreneurial performance (Honig & Karlssson, 2004)

There is a lacked linkage to established theories that explains the relationship between education and entrepreneurial behavior (Henry & Kailer, 2005)

DEFINITION OF EETEntrepreneurship Education and Training (EET) can range from short training course focusing on core entrepreneurship knowledge and skills related to starting a business in a particular market to full academic courses providing broad theoretical and conceptual understanding of topics such as opportunity identification, decision making in ambiguous context, causation vs. effectuation.

The 2 types of EET impact the relationship between EET and entrepreneurship-related human capital assets and entrepreneurship outcomes.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP-RELATED HUMAN CAPITAL ASSETS CONTAINS:1. Knowledge & skills incl. knowledge of entrepreneurship &

entrepreneurial process, competency in finding business opportunities, competency in dealing with ambiguity in decision making

2. Positive Perceptions of Entrepreneurship incl. attitude towards entrepreneurship, desirability in becoming entrepreneur, self-efficacy for entrepreneurship

3. Entrepreneurship Performance incl. success in terms of duration, of financial performance & personal income from the owned business

UC : Universitas CiputraCEC : Ciputra Entrepreneruship Center

Literature Research Tool Design

Pilot Data Collection

Verification and

EvaluationPre-Test Ecamp

Training Post-TestEvaluate

and Conclusion

Publication Replication

UC CEC UC CEC UC CEC

No

Yes

RESEARCH ROAD MAP

Literature Review