fmglobal presentation
TRANSCRIPT
-
Advances inSprinkler Technology
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Modules
Evolution of FM Global Fire Protection Standards
Changes in Terminology for Sprinkler Categories
Movement Away from Density and Demand Area
Data Sheet 2-0 Installation Guidelines for Automatic Sprinklers
Data Sheet 8-9 & Changes in Protection Tables
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
-
Evolution of FM Global Fire Protection Standards
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Who is FM Global?
FM Global was established in 1835
Zachariah Allen, New England mill owner
Factory Mutual Insurance Company
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Who is FM Global?
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Who is FM Global?
FM Globals market share includes: 45% of the Fortune 100 companies 42% of the Fortune 500 companies
FM Global is a recognized industry leader in property insurance
FM Global has been recognized as: Best Global Property Insurer Best Global Property Insurer North
America
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Research FM ApprovedProducts Engineering
Majority of Losses are Preventable
Practical and ProvenGlobal Loss Prevention Engineering Solutions
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Investment in Engineering & Research Worlds largest full-scale fire test lab
and research campus Dedicated to the study of loss
prevention
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Materials Lab
Electrical Lab
Hydraulics Lab
Large Burn Lab Improvements Two Movable Ceilings Humidity Control
Multimedia Center
Fire Technology Lab
Natural Hazards Lab 70,000 ft2 EQ Lab
Research Campus
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Full Scale Fire Tests
Two moveable ceilings up to 60 ft (18.3 m)
Test storage arrays from 5 ft (1.5 m) to 55 ft (16.8 m)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Example of Full Scale Fire Testing Evaluate existing European Codes at
that time Protection of rack storage 55 ft (16.5 m) rack storage 60 ft (18 m) ceiling height Cartoned unexpanded plastic Standard response in-rack sprinklers
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
55 ft (16.5 m) rack storage test fails
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
55 ft (16.5 m) rack storage test passes
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Confidence that a product installed in your facility will perform as intended!
Reducing your Risks
FM Approvals
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
FM Approvals test products .
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
FM Approvals Testing Standards
Over 250 standards
Based on Research
Publicly available on www.fmapprovals.com
ANSI, ASTM, SCC, BSI Recognized
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
FM Approved Products .
Over 50,000 products Publicly available for free on line Recognized world wide
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
What are FM Global Data Sheets?
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
What are FM Global Data Sheets?
Offer best advice on how to minimize property damage and business interruption
Written by the Engineering Standards division
Supported by the Research division Used to evaluate loss potentials at our
insured clients Recommendations offered when hazards
encountered are not protected in accordance with appropriate data sheet
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
History of FM Global & Fire Protection
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Sprinkler Development
1874
1881
2010
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
History of FM Global & Fire Protection
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Pipe Schedule
Pipe schedule was categorized based on occupancy hazard as either: Light Hazard Ordinary Hazard Extra Hazard
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Pipe Schedule
Sizing requirements for an ordinary hazard pipe schedule sprinkler system:
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Change in Industrial Practices
End of World War II: Steel construction for buildings Forklift trucks Storage racks constructed of steel Increase in plastic materials stored
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
FM Global Research on Sprinkler Protection
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Standard Spray Sprinkler K5.6 (K80)
Standard Spray Sprinkler
Density over Demand Area design concept
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Conventional and Spray Sprinklers
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Sprinkler Development
1874
1881
20101950s
Conventional
Spray
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Standard Spray Sprinkler K5.6 (K80)
Large Orifice Sprinkler
Large Orifice Sprinkler
K8.0 (K115)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Sprinkler Development
1874
1881
20101950s
Conventional
SprayLargeOrifice
Standard
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
1970s Research Projects
Residential sprinkler & quick response thermal element
Water penetration through fire plume (fire suppression)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Resulted in -
The K11.2 (K160) Large-Drop Sprinkler Design format changed - Number of
sprinklers at minimum pressure
Installation guidelines for these sprinklers evolved into DS 2-7
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Sprinkler Development
1874
1881
20101950s
Conventional
SprayLargeOrifice
Standard
1970s
Residential
LargeDrop
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Large Drop Sprinkler
Large Drop Sprinkler improved protection options but
Fire tests showed suppression not always possible
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
This lead to
First Early Suppression Fast Response (ESFR) Sprinkler
K14.0 (K200) pendent
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
A
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
w
a
t
e
r
Time
RDD
ADD
Suppressionachieved inthis zone
ADD > RDD Concept
RTI
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Example of ADD and deflector design
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Example of ADD Testing and Deflectors
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Suppression Mode Sprinkler Installation Guidelines
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Sprinkler Development
1874
1881
20101950s
SprayLargeOrifice
Standard
1970s
Residential
LargeDrop
ESFR
1980s
Conventional
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Advances in Sprinkler Technology
Orifice size increasing Various Orientations Different Deflector
designs evolved
Various Finishes Quicker response
time Area Spacing EC
K5.6 (K80) K25.2 (K360)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
We had - A bunch of Control Mode Density Area (CMDA)
sprinklers Standard Orifice (1/2) Sprinkler Large Orifice (17/32) Sprinkler Extra Large Orifice (ELO) Sprinkler Very Extra Large Orifice (VELO) Sprinkler Really Ginormous Orifice (RGO) Sprinkler
Installation guidelines for these sprinklers evolved into DS 2-8N
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
We had
A bunch of Control Mode Specific Application (CMSA) sprinklers K16.8 (K240), K19.6 (K280), K25.2 (K360),
K25.2EC (K360EC)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
We had
A bunch of Suppression Mode (SM) sprinklers K14 (K200) upright, K16.8 (K240)upright,
K16.8 (K240) pendent, K22.4 (K320) pendent, & K25.2 (K360) pendent
Installation standard for these sprinklers was DS 2-2
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Sprinkler Development
1874
1881
1950s
SprayLargeOrifice
Standard
1970s
Residential
LargeDrop
ESFR
1980s
Conventional
1990s 2010
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
So where we were in 2009?
Three different sprinkler categories Three sets of installation guidelines Terminology implies performance Two different design formats
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
So where we were in 2009?
Terminology: CMDA Control Mode Density Area CMSA Control Mode Specific
Application SM Suppression Mode
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Sprinkler Development
1874
1881
1950s
SprayLargeOrifice
Standard
1970s
Residential
LargeDrop
ESFR
1980s
Conventional
1990s 20102000s
SM
CMSA
CMDA
-
Changes in Terminology for Sprinkler Categories
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Changes in Terminology for Sprinkler Categories Sprinkler compatibility with occupancy
hazards unclear Old terminology misleading Actual performance can be otherwise
Control Mode sprinklers fire suppression Suppression Mode sprinklers fire control
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Control Mode Sprinkler Achieves Suppression
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Suppression Mode Achieves Control
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
CMDA vs. CMSA is there a difference?
CMDA CMSA
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
CMDA and CMSA Sprinkler Tests Objective:
Determine through large-scale fire testing if the distinction between CMDA Sprinklers and CMSA Sprinklers can be eliminated.
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
CMDA and CMSA Sprinkler Tests Test Plan:
Full-Scale Fire Test Comparison
16 Total Tests (8 Comparison Tests)
Open Frame Double-Row Racks with Class 2 or Standard Plastics
K11.2 (K160), Upright Type
Low Temperature Nominal 160 F (70 C)
Standard Response
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
CMDA and CMSA Sprinkler Tests
Total of 8 Comparison Tests (16 Tests Total) Between CMDA and CMSA Open Sprinkler Differential for Acceptable
Comparisons: 1 Sprinkler Differential: 3 Comparison Tests 3 to 4 Sprinklers Differential: 2 Comparison Tests 10 Sprinklers Differential: 2 Comparison Test 1 Test Series where both tests terminated early
due to loss of fire control
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
CMDA and CMSA Sprinkler TestsTest Conclusions Ultimate Conclusion: CMDA = CMSA
Provided That: K-factor Orientation Nominal Temperature Rating Nominal RTI RatingAre The Same
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Changes in Terminology for Sprinkler Categories New terminology based on intended use:
Storage sprinkler Non-storage sprinkler Special protection sprinkler
used by sprinkler manufacturers too
Approval Guide will include both sets of terminology
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Changes in Terminology for Sprinkler Categories CMDA CMSA SM
Storage sprinklers
Single/common design method Single/common installation method Reduces number of protection tables
needed
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Sprinkler Development
1874
1881
1950s
SprayLargeOrifice
Standard
1970s
Residential
LargeDrop
ESFR
1980s
Conventional
1990s 20102000s
SM
CMDA
Storage
NonStorage
SpecialProtection
CMSA
-
Movement Away from Density and Demand Area
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Movement away from Density and Demand Area Prior to 1980s pipe schedule design Concept of density born in early 1960s
but did not become commonplace until the 1980s
Research testing over the past few years has demonstrated that design density is not the most important factor for sprinkler performance
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Density
What is density? Average volume of
water hitting the floor over the area of coverage of a sprinkler (rainfall)
mm/min (sq. m)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Density
How is density used? Converted into minimum pressure and flow
at sprinklerQ = D x S x LP = [Q/K]2
Q = KPQ = Sprinkler flow in gpm (Lpm)P = Sprinkler pressure in psi (bar)D = Density in gpm/ft2 (mm/min)S = Spacing of sprinklers on branchlines ft (m)L = Spacing of sprinklers between branchlines ft (m)K = K-factor (size of sprinkler opening) in gmp/psi0.5 (Lpm/bar0.5)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Density and Sprinkler Spacing
Density minimum flow and pressure at sprinkler
Q = D x S x L, gpm (Lpm) P = [D x S x L / K]2, psi (bar)
Reducing sprinkler spacing in design can reduce design flow and pressure
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Demand Area
Area at ceiling in which all sprinklers expected to operate during fire
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Density/Demand Area Design
Flow rate per sprinkler For all sprinklers in design area Allowance for hydrants Water supplies - sprinklers and
hydrants for minimum duration
Design Area
Minimum flowrequired fromsprinklers
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Density/Demand Area Format
Full scale fire tests conditions: Upright standard response sprinkler Use smallest K-factor allowed for hazard area Use maximum allowable area spacing of
sprinkler Protection tables driven by least
efficient sprinkler
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Movement away from Density and Demand Area
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
K5.6 (K80)
K25.2 (K360)
K Factor
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
SR QR
Response Time Index
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
SR QR
Response Time Index
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
SR QRSRQR
Response Time Index
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Orientation
Pendent Upright
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Temperature
286 F (140 C)160 F (70 C)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
20 ft (6 m)
cartoned unexpanded plastic
30 ft (9 m)
Movement away from Density and Demand Area
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Which test will perform better?
Movement away from Density and Demand Area
Test 1 8 ft aisle 0.8 gpm/ft2
(32 mm/min)
Test 2 4 ft aisle 0.6 gpm/ft2
(24 mm/min)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Movement away from Density and Demand Area
Test 1 - 25 Sprinklers Upright sprinkler K11.2 (K160) Standard Response Standard Spacing
10 ft x 10ft (3 m x 3 m)
Test 2 - 1 Sprinkler Pendent sprinkler K25.2 (K360) Quick Response Extended Coverage
14 ft x 14ft (4.2 m x 4.2 m)
Differences between both tests
Loss Expectancy ~ $1,250,000
Loss Expectancy ~ $100,000
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Movement away from Density and Demand Area What does this test show?
Larger K factor larger droplets Orientation water momentum Faster response time smaller fire to
control Density
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Data Graphs Plots
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
K11.2 (K160) Pendent @ 60 gpm (230 L/min)
K11.2 (K160) Upright @ 100 gpm (380 L/min)
10 sprinklers operated 32 sprinklers operated
Orientation
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
K factorK16.8 (K240)@ 80gpm (300 L/min)
K11.2 (K160)@ 80 gpm (300 L/min)
15 sprinklers operated 29 sprinklers operated
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
K14.0 (K200) QR @ 100 gpm (380 L/min)
K14.0 (K200) SR @ 120 gpm (450 L/min)
11 sprinklers operated 17 sprinklers operated(uncontrolled test terminated)
Response Time Index
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
K11.2 (K160) 155 F (68 C)80 gpm (300 L/min)
K11.2 (K160) 286 F (140 C)80 gpm (300 L/min)
24 sprinklers operated(controlled)
43 sprinklers operated(uncontrolled)
Temperature Rating
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Empty Plastic Tote Fire Tests
FRONT ELEVATION VIEW
4.1 m (13.5 ft)
N
2.4 m (8 ft)
Plastic Totes (2x8x3 Main)
13.5 ft (4.1 m) high rack storage
30.0 ft (9.0 m) ceiling
ELEVATION VIEW
PLAN VIEW
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
K16.8 (K240)Upright
Quick Response10 x 10 ft (3 x 3 m)50 psi = 120 gpm
(3.5 bar = 454 L/min)
K14.0 (K200)Pendent
Standard Response10 x 10 ft (3 x 3 m)75 psi = 120 gpm
(5.2 bar = 454 L/min)
Empty Plastic Tote Fire Tests
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
K16.8 (K240)Upright
Quick Response
K16.8 (K240)Upright
Quick Response
K14.0 (K200)Pendent
Standard Response
K14.0 (K200)Pendent
Standard Response
Empty Plastic Tote Fire Tests
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Empty Plastic Tote Fire Tests
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Empty Plastic Tote Fire Tests
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Empty Plastic Tote Fire Tests
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
K16.8 (K240)Upright
Quick Response
K16.8 (K240)Upright
Quick Response
K14.0 (K200)Pendent
Standard Response
K14.0 (K200)Pendent
Standard Response
20 Sprinklers 2,400 gpm
(9,085 L/min)
6 Sprinklers720 gpm
(2,725 L/min)
Empty Plastic Tote Fire Tests
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
1970s Sprinkler Technology
20 ft (6.0 m) Storage 30 ft (9.0 m) Ceiling Class 4 Commodity Open-Frame Double-Row Rack 8 ft (2.4 m) Wide Aisle K5.6 (K80) Upright Ceiling Sprinkler Standard-Response 0.6 gpm/ft2 (24 mm/min)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
1970s Sprinkler Technology
82 sprinklers open
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
2000s Sprinkler Technology
20 ft (6.0 m) Storage 30 ft (9.0 m) Ceiling Cartoned Unexpanded Plastic Commodity Open-Frame Double-Row Rack 4 ft (1.2 m) Wide Aisle K25.2EC (K360EC) Pendent Ceiling
Sprinkler Quick-Response 0.6 gpm/ft2 (24 mm/min)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
2000s Sprinkler Technology
1 sprinkler opens
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Sprinklers with the proper attributes can: Provide Better Protection More Cost Effective More Sustainable
-
Data Sheet 2-0Installation Guidelines for Automatic Sprinklers
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Why Data Sheet 2-0
Need to update sprinkler terminology Opportunity to simplify and improve Single global installation standard Remove redundant topics
Based on North American Standards
Total 341 pages
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Data Sheet 2-0 - Structure
1.0 Scope 1.1 Changes 1.2 Superseded Information
2.0 Loss Prevention Recommendations 2.1 Nonstorage Sprinklers 2.2 Storage Sprinklers 2.3 Special Protection Sprinklers 2.4 Sprinkler System Types 2.5 Sprinkler Piping: Connection, Hanging,
and Bracing 2.6 Sprinkler System Components
Only reference section relevant for your occupancy
Common to any occupancy
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Data Sheet 2-0 - Structure
2.7 Plan Review of Sprinkler Systems 2.8 Sprinkler System Acceptance Tests 2.9 Operation and Maintenance 2.10 Ignition Source Control
3.0 Support for Recommendations 3.1 Loss History
4.0 References 4.1 FM Global 4.2 Other
New Guidance for Contractors
Go to DS 2-81 and DS 10-3
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Data Sheet 2-0 Changes
Sprigs no longer required Originally recommended to prevent pipe
shadow Testing indicated that not an issue Cost savings by removing requirement
Riser Nipple or Sprig
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Data Sheet 2-0 Changes
Sprigs no longer required Remove area limitation per sprinkler
system Driven by pipe schedule limitations No hydraulic basis Reduce number of risers and control valves
needed can reduce overall cost
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Data Sheet 2-0 Changes
Sprigs no longer required Remove area limitation per sprinkler
system Requirements for anti-freeze Guidelines for objects that obstruct
sprinklers
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
DS 2-0 Obstruction Guidelines
Non-storage sprinklers Obstruction guidance has not changed
Obstruction if object over 4 ft (1.2 m) wide Solid beam construction may need
sprinklers in every channel
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
DS 2-0 Obstruction Guidelines
Obstruction to discharge patternPart of structure, sprinkler positioning should be arrangedto accommodate. Some exceptions.
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
DS 2-0 Obstruction Guidelines
Obstruction to discharge pattern
Non Storage Sprinklers - < 1.2m OK, >1.2m need AS underStorage Sprinklers obstruction start at 20mm up to 600mm
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
DS 2-0 Obstruction Guidelines
Storage Sprinklers Guidelines in DS 2-0 generally no change
from DS 2-2 except that also applicable to standard response sprinklers
All upright sprinklers follow previous guidance from DS 2-2 (DS 2-2, 2-7 requirements have not changed)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
DS 2-0 Obstruction Guidelines
Storage Sprinklers All pendent sprinklers follow previous
guidance from DS 2-2 except for: New figures with relaxed requirements (Fig 35 &
37)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Previously
24 inches
(600mm)
DS 2-0 Obstruction Guidelines
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Previously36 inches(900mm)
DS 2-0 Obstruction Guidelines
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
DS 2-0 Obstruction Guidelines
Storage Sprinklers All pendent sprinklers follow previous
guidance from DS 2-2 except for: New figures with relaxed requirements (Fig 35 &
37) Additional figures to support text (Fig 38, 39, 40)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
DS 2-0 Obstruction Guidelines
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
DS 2-0 Obstruction Guidelines
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
DS 2-0 Obstruction Guidelines
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
DS 2-0 Obstruction Guidelines
Storage Sprinklers All pendent sprinklers follow previous
guidance from DS 2-2 except for: New figures with relaxed requirements (Fig 35 &
37) Additional figures to support text (Fig 38, 39, 40) Obstructions in. (20 mm) wide (Fig 34)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
DS 2-0 Obstruction Guidelines
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
DS 2-0 Obstruction Guidelines
Storage Sprinklers All pendent sprinklers follow previous
guidance from DS 2-2 except for: New figures with relaxed requirements (Fig 35 &
37) Additional figures to support text (Fig 38, 39, 40) Obstructions in. (20 mm) wide (Fig 34) New options to deal with existing obstructions
Saves on cost of installing barriers and maintaining
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
DS 2-0 Obstruction Guidelines
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
DS 2-0 Obstruction Guidelines
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Automatic Smoke and Heat Vents
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Exhaust and Ridge Vents
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Air Blowers
False Ceiling with protection under Flame Detection covering 3m radius for all affected
sprinklers and/or fire plume Heat/Line detection in racks under affected sprinklers (Alt. Sol. Aspirated Smoke Detection shut all blowers down)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Draft Curtains
DS 1-19 discrepancy with old DS 2-2 600mm deep parallel with roof is
acceptable next revision will cover
600mm
Hard up against the underside of roof
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Obstructed and Unobstructed Ceilings? Typical Australian Warehouse
Purlinsexceed limit of 100mm
Exception applies
QR330 or425mm
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Distance Sprinkler to underside of ceiling 2.2.3.4 Confusion with uppermost and
lowermost portion of ceiling wording
x
y
Use a ifX = min 75mmX > 2 x yZ = max 75mmOtherwise use bz ab
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Distance Sprinkler to underside of ceiling 2.2.3.4 - Virtual Ceilings?
Max allowed
Ceiling Jet
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Mezzanines and walkways
Preference Solid with sprinklers Provide QR sprinklers same K factor,
orientation, spacing and pipe size as ceiling
Exceptions Min 70% open Max 6mm thick Max only 1 grid Min 900mm clearance No possibility of materials falling and
obstructing ceiling sprinklers
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
What is the impact of pushing the limits in DS 2-0 Roof Slope Building Height/Storage Height Clearance from roof Obstructions at ceiling Obstructions below sprinklers Spacing Design Number of Sprinklers Commodity (Flammable Liquids)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
What is the impact of pushing the limits in DS 2-0 Simple advice DONT We cannot tell you what the impact
would be! Under no circumstances alter the
required design criteria Final decision Certifier and Building
Surveyor
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Note Nice even flue spacing 150mm long. 190mm transverse
Homogeneous and uniform commodity
Placement of ignition
Position of sprinklers
Flat Ceiling Repeatability Unrealistic
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Example of absolute limit
K14 and K 16.8 in 13.5m building
Offset ignition overtaxed the system
I level of in rack sprinklers mandatory
K 22 and K 25 sprinklers OK
K 14, K16.8 lower building height 12m without in rack sprinklers
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Spare Sprinklers
Spares for each type installed including applicable wrenches
Min needed of each type based on their largest demand area Say manufacturing design is for 25
sprinklers need 25 Say for warehousing design is for 15
sprinklers need 15 of those
-
Data Sheet 8-9 & Changes in Protection Tables
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Existing DS 8-9
Three different protection tables One for CMDA sprinklers One for CMSA sprinklers, and One for Suppression Mode sprinklers
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Existing DS 8-9
Three different protection tables Two different design methods
Density / Operating Area for CMDA sprinklers
No. of Sprinklers / Minimum Operating Pressure for CMSA & SM sprinklers
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Existing DS 8-9
Three different protection tables Two different design methods Design dependent on the least efficient
sprinkler
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Why Revise Data Sheet 8-9
Need to update sprinkler terminology Need to replace density in design
criteria Opportunity to simplify and improve
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Data Sheet 8-9 & Changes in Protection Tables Grouping of commodity hazard
Class 1 3 Class 4 Cartoned Unexpanded Plastics Cartoned Expanded Plastics Uncartoned Unexpanded Plastics Uncartoned Expanded Plastics
Class 3Cartoned Expanded
Plastics
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Why group Class 1 up through Cartoned Plastics? Back in 2006, a K5.6 (K80) sprinkler
protecting open-frame DRR to 15 ft (4.5 m) under a 30 ft (9.0 m) ceiling requires the following pressures at most remote sprinkler: Class 1: 12 psi Class 2: 17 psi Class 3: 22 psi Class 4: 39 psi Cartoned Plastics: 115 psi Cartoned Plastics (2008): 204 psi
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Why group Class 1 up through Cartoned Plastics? Cartoned plastics in open-frame DRR to
15 ft (4.5 m) under a 30 ft (9.0 m) ceiling requires 0.80 gpm/ft2 (32 mm/min) over 3,000 ft2 (280 m2). K5.6 (K80) AS: 115 psi K8.0 (K115) AS: 100 psi K11.2 (K160) AS: 50 psi K16.8 (K240) AS: 22 psi K25.2 (K360) AS: 10 psi
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Data Sheet 8-9 & Changes in Protection Tables Number of protection tables reduced
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Data Sheet 8-9 & Changes in Protection Tables Number of protection tables reduced all protection options in one table Design based on actual performance Makes it easier to see which are better
options
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Data Sheet 8-9 & Changes in Protection Tables Protection tables based on
No. heads at minimum pressure (6 to 24) Ceiling height RTI (standard or quick response) Orientation (upright or pendent) Sprinkler K factor (~ nozzle size)
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Data Sheet 8-9 & Changes in Protection Tables No storage heights in tables
promote flexibility insignificant pressure differential
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Data Sheet 8-9 & Changes in Protection Tables No aisle width in tables
design to minimum aisle width promote flexibility by not locking aisle
width
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Data Sheet 8-9 & Changes in Protection Tables No favorable factors
difficult to maintain over life of building
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Data Sheet 8-9 & Changes in Protection Tables The number of sprinklers in the design
criteria will lead to Hose stream demand Water supply duration
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
In rack sprinklers
Layout and positioning rationalised and simplified
Fewer levels required
Flow charts and plan view diagrams
7.5m
6.0m
4.5m
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
In rack sprinklers
Layout and positioning rationalised and simplified
Fewer levels required
Flow charts and plan view diagrams
7.5m
6.0m
4.5m
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
In rack sprinklers
Two positions (Plan view) EO Every other flue space E Every flue space
Very High Hazard Flue and Face Scheme 8-9A Exceptional Hazards
Aerosols, High Flash Flammable Liquids etc
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
In rack sprinklers
Rack Storage
In-rack Sprinkler
Minimum clearance 150mm deflector to top of storage
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Excessive Clearance
> 6m
OK
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Excessive Clearance
> 6m
NeedsIn-rack AS
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Excessive Clearance
False Ceiling In Rack Sprinklers
If already exist extra level at top of rack If ceiling only protection section 2.3.4.6
and 2.3.4.7 If building too high same solution
applies Does not apply when ceiling only
options available
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Ceiling Slopes
Quick Response max 10 degrees Standard Response
Ceiling only max 10 degrees In rack Sprinklers Max 20 degrees
Otherwise False Ceiling For Rack Storage treat as for excessive
clearance Slope > 5 degrees locate sprinkler
within 900mm of peak
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Flue Spaces 2.2.3.1.2, 2.2.3.1.4Issue with Multiple row racks Provide 150mm
longitudinal flue every 4.8m
Problem Area Recommendation Further Research Discussing with
Rack Manufacturers
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
Tanks Size per FM Standards?
Highest sprinkler demand at site Flow of most remote sprinkler at
specified pressure Times the number of sprinklers Plus 10% Times duration Or Highest calculated most remote
demand times duration
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
AnomoliesData Sheet 8-9 & Changes in Protection Tables
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
DS 8-9 Future Vision (next 5 years) Eliminate the 10 ft. limitation on storage
above the highest in-rack sprinklers Establish new in-rack sprinkler protection
schemes based on Sprinkler K factor Available pressure
Eliminate requirement to balance ceiling and in-rack demands
Add new technology, research and testing
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
New Technology and Cost of Installations Compared to previous standards the
new technology and design philosophy leads to: Lower number of sprinklers in design
requirements Lower hose demands Lower duration demands
-
2010 FM Global. All rights reserved.
The Bottom Line
Through these changes FM Global is poised to provide our clients with the most effective protection options, which are not only simpler and cheaper to install, but a more sustainable choice.