departamento de filosofÍa. programaciones 2011-12



0

C+O+T+ ‖BK\IKCI LIHÈKE_O] IP\C]‘ Lo~bp|bhok|i lo Acfitiaèb

"Oludbdcôk Ã|cdi(Dèqcdb+" <½ LO O+T+I+ D_PTI 0>22(0>2

Ck|piluddcôk

Fb Oludbdcôk Ã|cdi(Dèqcdb to dikaceupb ok of bd|ubf tct|ohb oludb|cqi dihi uk ~bti hât~bpb aiphbp dculblbkit s dculblbkbt lohôdpb|bt& tceucokli of ~pidoti ckcdcbli ~ip

Oludbdcôk ~bpb fb Dculblbkèb s fit Lopodjit Juhbkit ok uki lo fit duptit bk|opcipot lo fbOludbdcôk Toduklbpcb I`fceb|ipcb+ Fb oludbdcôk ok dikidchcok|it& bd|c|ulot& qbfipot sdih~ip|bhcok|it dèqcdit btchcfblit ok otb hb|opcb ruolb poaip}blb bf tc|ubpfit ok uk ~fbkilo poafozcôk ã|cdb& ruo ~bp|o lo fb clok|clbl ~optikbf s difod|cqb s loacoklo fb ~bp|cdc~bdcôkdculblbkb ~bpb fiepbp ok kuot|pi bfuhkbli fb blructcdcôk s diktifclbdcôk lo ukb dikdcokdcbhipbf dèqcdb ruo ~ophc|b bfdbk}bp lo ot|o hili uk |c~i lo dihukclbl ok fb ruo fitdculblbkit s fbt dculblbkbt ki tôfi tobk fc`pot o ceubfot ok lopodjit& tcki ruo blohâtbtuhbk of loòp lo b~isbp ot|o hilofi lo dikqcqokdcb+

Oupi~b& dihi dik|ckok|o s& ti`po |ili& fb _kcôk Oupi~ob& to okapok|bk b ukb topco lo lotbaèitdihukot dihi fb dijotcôk tidcbf& fb ck|oepbdcôk lo fb ~i`fbdcôk ckhcepbk|o& of ~fupbfcthiduf|upbf& pofceciti s hipbf& o|d+& bk|o fit dubfot kodotc|bk fb dii~opbdcôk lof tct|ohb oludb|cqi

~bpb dpobp ukb dikdcokdcb dèqcdb lohidpâ|cdb ruo difbìpo ok fb ~poqokdcôk lo ~itc`fotdikafcd|it ok of toki lo tut tidcolblot+ Ki to |pb|b lo uk btuk|i hokip& tcki ruo to ot|â~ikcokli ok muoei fb clok|clbl ~ifè|cdb& mupèlcdb s ã|cdb lo fit tct|ohbt lohidpâ|cditoupi~oit+ Fb lohidpbdcb dihi ~pidolchcok|i lcbfôecdi ~ophc|o |pb|bp s potifqop|ãdkcdbhok|o fit ~itc`fot dikafcd|it tupeclit ok of hbpdi lo fbt poefbt ~ifè|cdbt& odikôhcdbt stidcbfot7 ~opi fb lohidpbdcb ot ti`po |ili uk tct|ohb lo dikqcqokdcb `btbli ok qbfipothipbfot dihi fb tifclbpclbl& of pot~o|i b fb ~optikb s fb `ýtruolb lo fb mut|cdcb+

îp i|pb ~bp|o& fb Dikt|c|udcôk ot~bòifb& ok tu bp|èdufi 2+2& to poacopo b fit qbfipot ok ruo toloò tut|ok|bp fb dikqcqokdcb tidcbf& ruo tik fb fcòp|bl& fb mut|cdcb& fb ceubflbl s of ~fupbfcthi~ifè|cdi& s ok of bp|èdufi 2< btchcthi ot|b`fodo fb ceubflbl lo |ilit s |ilbt bk|o fb fos s

podjb}b dubfrucop lctdpchckbdcôk ~ip pb}ôk lo kbdchcok|i& pb}b& tozi& pofcecôk& i~ckcôk idubfrucop i|pb diklcdcôk i dcpdukt|bkdcb ~optikbf i tidcbf+

Fb oludbdcôk `âtcdb |coko dihi ackbfclbl of lotbppiffi dih~fo|i lo |ilbt fbt ~optikbt s tuck|oepbdcôk tidcbf ~bpb jbdop ~itc`fo of omopdcdci lo fb dculblbkèb ok fbt tidcolblotlohidpâ|cdbt+ Bjipb `cok& oludbp b fb muqok|ul ~bpb fb dikqcqokdcb ok ukb tidcolbl ~fupbfct|bs lohidpâ|cdb ch~fcdb li|bpfb ki tôfi lo fit ckt|puhok|it kodotbpcit ~bpb dikidop otbtidcolbl ok |ilbt tut qop|cok|ot& tcki |bh`cãk lotbppiffbp ok fit môqokot s fbt môqokot fbtbd|c|ulot lo |ifopbkdcb& tifclbpclbl s ~bp|cdc~bdcôk ok fit btuk|it difod|cqit+

Ot oqclok|o& ~uot& ruo fb bddcôk oludb|cqb loò ~ophc|cp bf bfuhkbli fb btukdcôk lo uk hilidpè|cdi& poafozcqi s ~piepotcqi lof omopdcdci lo fb fcòp|bl& lo tut lopodjit s lo tut loòpot



4

cklcqclubfot s tidcbfot ok uk dfchb lo pot~o|i jbdcb i|pbt ~optikbt s i|pbt ~it|upbt hipbfot&~ifè|cdbt s pofcecitbt lcaopok|ot lo fb ~pi~cb+

Fb dikdcokdcb lo ck|oepbp uk difod|cqi |coko ukb okipho pofoqbkdcb hipbf& sb ruo fbdikdcokdcb lof loòp ch~fcdb tcoh~po fb kidcôk lo bf|opclbl+ Of loòp tcoh~po ot loòp lo bfei~bpb bfeucok7 tc ki jbs i|pb ~optikb& ki jbs loòp+ Of dcqcthi diktct|o ok fb ~opdo~dcôk fýdclblo fb i|pb ~optikb& fi ruo okeoklpb fb pot~iktb`cfclbl lof cklcqclui ~bpb dik of difod|cqi s fbdippot~iktb`cfclbl lof difod|cqi ok fb ~potopqbdcôk lo |ili bruoffi ruo diktclopbhittut|bkdcbf ~bpb fb ~opqcqokdcb lo fb dihukclbl+ Fb oludbdcôk |pb|b lo po~piludcp ok rucokot tockdip~ipbk bf epu~i tidcbf fb dikdcokdcb lo ~op|okodop bf epu~i ~bpb ck|opcipc}bp ukb ozceokdcblo fobf|bl& ruo ot otokdcbf ~bpb tu tbfqbeubplb s loaoktb+

Blohât& fb btukdcôk s of omopdcdci lo jâ`c|it dèqcdit ok of ok|ipki otdifbp s tidcbf ~ophc|cpâruo fit bfuhkit s fbt bfuhkbt to ckcdcok ok fb dikt|puddcôk lo tidcolblot dijotcikblbt&fc`pot s tifclbpcbt& jbdcãklifot qop dôhi fb lchoktcôk dèqcdb to b~isb ok ukb lchoktcôkhipbf lo fit qbfipot ruo fb tit|cokok& s bh`bt ok ukb lchoktcôk tidcbf lo ~bp|cdc~bdcôk s

dikqcqokdcb ok fb otaopb ~ý`fcdb+Of dih~pihcti lo fb Oludbdcôk Ã|cdi(Dèqcdb ot b~poklop b qcqcp dik fbt lohât ~optikbt&pot~o|âklifbt+ Ot|b oludbdcôk to `btb ok fb blructcdcôk lo dikidchcok|it& fb aiphbdcôk lobd|c|ulot s fb dikt|puddcôk lo qbfipot& |bpobt ruo ozceok lolcdbdcôk& |coh~i s otauop}icklcqclubf s difod|cqi+ Fb dculblbkèb jb lo dik|oh~fbpto lotlo of âkeufi lo fb db~bdclbl ~bpbdikqcqcp ok ukb tidcolbl lohidpâ|cdb& ~fupbfct|b s b`cop|b& s ti`po |ili jb lo ~opdc`cpto dihifb db~bdclbl ~bpb difbìpbp ok fb dikt|puddcôk lo ukb tidcolbl mut|b s oruc|b|cqb+ Fbdculblbkèb to poacopo& ~uot& b fbt dubfclblot& bd|c|ulot& diklud|bt s dikidchcok|it ruo~ophc|ok dpobp uk âh`c|i dèqcdi b~|i ~bpb ruo to pot~o|ok fit ~bp|cdufbpcthit s to dih~bp|bkfit qbfipot dihukot s uk ~pisod|i difod|cqi lo qclb+ Ki ot tôfi uk ot|b|u|i mupèlcdi lo

ceubflbl& tcki uk âh`c|i ok of ruo to bdo~|ok lopodjit s i`fcebdcikot& bhãk lofdikidchcok|i lo i|pit ofohok|it ot~cpc|ubfot dihi fb fokeub& fbt dit|uh`pot s of pofb|ijct|ôpcdi+

Fb Oludbdcôk Ã|cdi(Dèqcdb ~uolo bsulbp b dih~poklop s foop dik imit dpè|cdit fb pobfclbl&|ihbkli tcoh~po dihi poaopok|o fit lopodjit juhbkit+ Loòpèb ~pihiqop fb fcòp|bl& fbcklo~oklokdcb s fb bu|ikihèb lof bfuhkbli ~bpb podikidop s podjb}bp bd|c|ulot dippu~|bt&bu|ipc|bpcbt i abfbdot ok tu ok|ipki s ok fb qclb ~ý`fcdb+ Ot|b hb|opcb& ok ack& abqipodo fbaiphbdcôk lo dculblbkit s dculblbkbt fc`pot o ceubfot ok lopodjit+

Dik|pcùso& ~ip ýf|chi& fb hb|opcb b omopdc|bp of ~oktbhcok|i dpè|cdi& lo hili ruo fit bfuhkits bfuhkbt poafozcikok s ~piauklcdok ok fb `ýtruolb lo ùokbt pb}ikot ruo diklu}dbk b fb

bli~dcôk lo ~pckdc~cit lo qbfip+ Fot b~ip|b btchcthi of auklbhok|i lotlo of ruo bìplbp fbtduot|cikot hipbfot dik of pceip kodotbpci ~bpb ~ilop ck|opqokcp dik dpc|opci s bu|ikihèb ok fbqclb tidcbf+ Ot|b hb|opcb ~uolo dikt|c|ucp of dbhcki lo bddoti b fb ~pi~cb clok|clbl hipbfauklbhok|blb ok ukb dikdcokdcb bu|ôkihb ruo& fomit lo clok|cacdbpto dik of cklcqclubfcthi&to diktifclo dihi of ti~ip|o lo mucdcit hipbfot `btblit ok ~pckdc~cit lo mut|cdcb& lotifclbpclbl s lo podikidchcok|i lo fbt i|pbt ~optikbt+

^bpb diktoeucp ot|it ackot & fit dik|okclit to ~potok|bk lct|pcùclit ok toct `firuot+

Of ~pchopi dik|coko ukb topco lo jb`cfclblot s lot|po}bt ruo of bfuhkbli loò blrucpcp ~bpbbtchcfbp blodublbhok|o of pot|i lo fit `firuot |ohâ|cdit& |bfot dihi fb ~pâd|cdb lof lcâfiei slof lo`b|o& of bkâfctct dpè|cdi lo ckaiphbdcikot s i~ckcikot& fb ~bp|cdc~bdcôk ok ~pisod|it



<

tifclbpcit lok|pi s auopb lof âh`c|i otdifbp& fb tifudcôk koeidcblb lo fit dikafcd|it s fitjâ`c|it lo |pb`bmi cklcqclubf s ok oruc~i+

Of toeukli `firuo ck|piludo fbt kidcikot `âtcdbt ok fbt ruo to btcok|b of dikdo~|i lodculblbkèb s fb ot|pud|upb `âtcdb lo fb lchoktcôk hipbf lo fbt ~optikbt& ruo b tu qo} totut|ok|bk ok fb pbdcikbfclbl juhbkb& ok of pot~o|i b fbt lcaopokdcbt cklcqclubfot s b fblcqoptclbl lo duf|upbt& s ok fit ~pckdc~cit lo bu|ikihèb& fcòp|bl s pot~iktb`cfclbl+

Fit `firuot |opdopi s dubp|i ot|âk lolcdblit bf bkâfctct lo fbt |oipèbt ã|cdbt s fit lopodjitjuhbkit dihi poaopokdcb ukcqoptbf ~bpb fb diklud|b juhbkb& fb diklcdcôk ~ifè|cdb s hipbflof top juhbki& fit ~pckdc~cit lo uk ei`copki lohidpâ|cdi& fbt lcqoptbt aiphbt lo~bp|cdc~bdcôk dculblbkb s fit qbfipot dikt|c|udcikbfot+

Ok of `firuo ruck|i to ~fbk|obk fit ~pi`fohbt hât bdudcbk|ot lo fb tidcolbl bd|ubf&bepbqblit ~ip of ~pidoti lo efi`bfc}bdcôk dpodcok|o lo fbt ýf|chbt lãdblbt& |bfot dihi fit~pi`fohbt lo fbt hckipèbt& fit dikafcd|it ~ifè|cdit s `ãfcdit& s fb qcifokdcb s lctdpchckbdcôk

omopdclbt dik|pb fbt humopot+ To dik|oh~fbk& btchcthi& fb po~opdutcôk o ckdclokdcb lo bfeukblo otbt tc|ubdcikot ok fb Dihukclbl Bu|ôkihb lo Bklbfudèb+

Ok of ýf|chi `firuo to jb diktclopbli ~op|ckok|o fb ckdfutcôk lo ukb poafozcôk lo kb|upbfo}bã|cdi(tidcbf ti`po bfeukbt duot|cikot pofbdcikblbt dik fit ýf|chit bqbkdot lo fbt dcokdcbt`cifôecdbt s i|pit lotbppiffit |odkifôecdit qckdufblit bf ipceok s ack lo fb qclb juhbkb=lotbppiffi lof eokihb& dfikbdcôk& oueokotcb& o|d+ Fb ~pi|oddcôk lo fb fcòp|bl lo dikdcokdcbbk|o fb ~itc`fo bp`c|pbpcolbl lo fit ~ilopot ckt|c|udcikbfot s fb ckoqc|b`fo ~poidu~bdcôk ~ip ofau|upi lo kuot|pi ~fbko|b tik i|pit lo fit |ohbt ~pi~uot|it ~bpb fb poafozcôk s fb dikt|puddcôklo ukb dikdcokdcb dèqcdb ok kuot|pi bfuhkbli+

Ot|it dik|okclit to ~potok|bk lo ukb hbkopb b`cop|b ~bpb ruo fit dok|pit& fit lo~bp|bhok|it

okdbpeblit lo tu ~piepbhbdcôk s of ~pi~ci ~piaotipbli& lok|pi lo tu podikidclb bu|ikihèb~olbeôecdb& fit dikaceupok lo bduopli dik fbt dbpbd|opèt|cdbt s kodotclblot lo tu bfuhkbli sfb bd|ubfclbl lo fit |ohbt+

Ki i`t|bk|o& ki loòpèb ifqclbpto ruo of <+½ dupti lo fb OTI ~potok|b uk dbpâd|op ipcok|blip&|bk|i ~bpb fit ot|ulcit ~it|i`fceb|ipcit dihi ~bpb fb ckdip~ipbdcôk b fb qclb fbìpbf+ Ok ototok|cli& topèb dikqokcok|o ruo fb ~pi~uot|b ho|ilifôecdb to dikmuebpb lotlo ukb ~opt~od|cqb~pi~olãu|cdb dik fbt hb|opcbt lo dbpâd|op acfitôacdi lof @bdjcffopb|i+ Blohât& ukb aiphbdcôkã|cdi(dèqcdb& ipcok|blb bf dbpâd|op |ophckbf lo fit ot|ulcit i`fceb|ipcit& ~podctb& tck oh`bpei&

muk|i b fit dikidchcok|it s fb poafozcôk ti`po fit qbfipot lohidpâ|cdit& fit ~pidolchcok|it sot|pb|oecbt ruo abqipo}dbk fb |ihb lo dikdcokdcb s blructcdcôk lo bd|c|ulot s qcp|ulot dèqcdbt+

Lo dubfrucop aiphb& |ilit fit bfuhkit s bfuhkbt loòk b~poklop s btuhcp fit auklbhok|itpbdcikbfot lo fb diklud|b dculblbkb+ Tôfi btè fit lotdu`pcpâk ok tu ~pi~cb dikdcokdcb s topodikidopâk ok offit+ ^bpb diktoeucpfi& topèb dikepuok|o ck|piludcp ok of dok|pi s ok of bufb~pidotit lo lcâfiei s lo`b|o ok fit ruo fb ~bp|cdc~bdcôk ok fb potifudcôk lo fit ~pi`fohbt lofb qclb ok dihýk dik|pcùsb b dpobp fit dippot~iklcok|ot jâ`c|it s qcp|ulot dculblbkit+ Fbdikaceupbdcôk lof dok|pi otdifbp dihi uk epu~i ruo dih~bp|b kiphbt s qbfipot dikt|c|ucpèb&~ip oti& uk dik|oz|i blodubli ~bpb ukb qcqokdcb s uk b~poklc}bmo lo fb dculblbkèb& fi ruoporuopcpèb |bh`cãk bfeukbt bddcikot ~bpbfofbt ok fb abhcfcb s ok fb dihukclbl+ Ot|o~fbk|obhcok|i ~ilpèb pobfc}bpto holcbk|o ukb bddcôk dikmuk|b ot|pud|upblb ok uk ~pisod|ioludb|cqi s lo fb ~pâd|cdb lidok|o di|clcbkb& ok ot~odcbf b |pbqãt lo fb |u|ipèb+ _kb oludbdcôklohidpâ|cdb& ok of li`fo tok|cli lo oludbp ~bpb fb lohidpbdcb s oludbp ok fb lohidpbdcb&

loò top dikt|c|u|cqb& dihi ack s dihi holci& lo fb oludbdcôk ~ý`fcdb+



?

Dik|pcùdcôk lo fb hb|opcb b fb blructcdcôk lo fbt dih~o|okdcbt `âtcdbt

Blohât lo fb dih~o|okdcb tidcbf s dculblbkb dik fb ruo to qckdufb lcpod|bhok|o& fbOludbdcôk Ã|cdi(Dèqcdb dik|pcùso bf lotbppiffi lo bt~od|it lot|bdblit lo i|pbt dih~o|okdcbt`âtcdbt+

Ok pofbdcôk dik fb dih~o|okdcb tidcbf s dculblbkb& bsulb b btuhcp fit qbfipot lohidpâ|cditbtè dihi fbt kiphbt tidcbfot bdiplot dik offit& b dikidop fit auklbhok|it lof ot|bli lolopodji& fit loòpot dèqcdit& s b aihok|bp fb ~bp|cdc~bdcôk dculblbkb+ Of dikidchcok|i sbkâfctct lo fit abd|ipot ruo eokopbk fit ~pi`fohbt lo èklifo tidciodikôhcdb lof hukli bd|ubfabqipodok fb dih~poktcôk lo fb pobfclbl tidcbf lo ot|o hukli efi`bfc}bli& b fb qo} ruo~pi~ipdcikbk bpeuhok|it ã|cdit ~bpb qcqcp lo aiphb dih~piho|clb dik fit qbfipot lobdo~|bdcôk ukcqoptbf& fit lopodjit juhbkit s fit qbfipot dikt|c|udcikbfot+

Fit tok|chcok|it foeè|chit lo clok|clbl s ~op|okokdcb fidbf to dikmuebk ~fokbhok|o dik fbtbt~cpbdcikot dithi~ifc|bt s dik fb ~po|oktcôk lo ukcqoptbfclbl ckjopok|o b fit ~pckdc~cit spotip|ot hipbfot ruo ot|âk ok fb `bto lo fbt bddcikot juhbkc|bpcbt oh~poklclbt ~ipcklcqcluit s btidcbdcikot& btè dihi lo fbt i~opbdcikot s bd|ubdcikot lo fb dihukclblck|opkbdcikbf ~bpb ~pidupbp& hbk|okop i pot|b`fodop qbfipot dihi fb ~b} s fb lcekclbl lo fbt~optikbt+

Fbt poafozcikot lo |c~i acfitôacdi& ruo lotlo of ~btbli jbk bfuh`pbli fbt lcaopok|ot |oipèbtã|cdbt& ~ophc|ok bf bfuhkbli podikidop ok of ok|ipki ~optikbf& tidcbf s ~ifè|cdi& fitcklcdblipot lo ukb diklud|b dijopok|o dik tut tok|chcok|it s ohidcikot s dik fit ~pckdc~cit

dih~bp|clit& ti`po |ili b fb jipb lo |ihbp ukb lodctcôk i bapik|bp uk dikafcd|i+ \bk|i fbLodfbpbdcôk _kcqoptbf lo fit Lopodjit Juhbkit dihi fb Dikt|c|udcôk ot~bòifb tik of apu|is potuf|bli lo fb tuhb lo b~ip|bdcikot ~pidolok|ot lo hýf|c~fot auok|ot& podikidcãklito okotit |oz|it of otauop}i lo qbpcbt eokopbdcikot& duf|upbt s dcqcfc}bdcikot& b qodot& bfomblbtok|po tè+

Ok tuhb& fb hb|opcb dik|pcùso b lotbppiffbp ok fit bfuhkit s bfuhkbt fb hblupo} ~optikbf&tidcbf s hipbf ruo fot ~ophc|cpâ bd|ubp dik dih~ip|bhcok|it dèqcdit pot~iktb`fot&hbkcaot|bkli bd|c|ulot |ifopbk|ot s tifclbpcbt& ok ~bp|cdufbp dik fbt ~optikbt kodotc|blbt slotabqipodclbt7 s& btchcthi& fit ckdfckbpâ jbdcb of podjb}i lo |ili |c~i lo lctdpchckbdcôk+ Fblct~ikc`cfclbl ~bpb bsulbp b fbt lohât ~optikbt to dikqcop|o& btè& ok uki lo fit qbfipotbk|pi~ifôecdit ~pcipc|bpcit dik of ruo to ~optceuo fb ck|oepbdcôk tidcbf lo rucokot dih~ikokof dikmuk|i lo fb dihukclbl oludb|cqb+

Of podikidchcok|i s diktoduok|o oz~potcôk lo fit tok|chcok|it ~pi~cit s bmokit dik|pcùso bfb dih~o|okdcb ok dihukcdbdcôk fckeöèt|cdb& ~ipruo ozceo omopdc|bpto ~bpb bfdbk}bp fbkodotbpcb dijopokdcb ok|po fi ruo ~oktbhit i tok|chit s fi ruo lo hbkopb oz~fèdc|boz~potbhit b |pbqãt lo lct|ck|bt aiphbt= ipbf& otdpc|b& cdôkcdb& eot|ubf& o|d+ Fb pobfc}bdcôk lolo`b|ot s fb u|cfc}bdcôk lof lcâfiei dihi ckt|puhok|i lo potifudcôk lo dikafcd|it porucopokdik|pifbp fb ch~uftcqclbl s omopdc|bpto ok fb otdudjb& fb oz~itcdcôk s fb bpeuhok|bdcôk+

Of podjb}i lo oz~potcikot o châeokot ruo ch~fcruok bfeukb aiphb lo lctdpchckbdcôk&hi|cqblb ~ip ~pomucdcit lo èklifo ã|kcdi& tidcbf& cloifôecdb& tozubf& o|d+& |bh`cãk dik|pcùso baihok|bp utit bf|opkb|cqit s dpob|cqit lof fokeubmo ofchckbkli hufo|cffbt s dfcdjãt& ruooh~i`podok s fchc|bk of qidbùfbpci lo kuot|pi bfuhkbli+



1

Lo ceubf hili& of |pb|bhcok|i lo fb ckaiphbdcôk s dih~o|okdcb lcec|bf to poauop}bk dik fitdik|okclit lo fb hb|opcb Oludbdcôk Ã|cdi(Dèqcdb+ Fbt auok|ot lo ckaiphbdcôk ti`po fitdikafcd|it lof hukli bd|ubf ~pidolok ti`po |ili lo fit holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk tidcbf=~poktb& pblci& |ofoqctcôk& Ck|opko|+++ To jbdo kodotbpci |pbktaiphbp |ilb ot|b ckaiphbdcôk& dikpofb|cqb apoduokdcb tu`mo|cqb o cloifiec}blb& ok bu|ãk|cdi dikidchcok|i+ Potuf|b i~ip|uki& ~ip|bk|i& duf|cqbp lot|po}bt lo dbpâd|op fôecdi(pbdcikbf ~bpb ~ilop lctdpchckbp& ipebkc}bp&pofbdcikbp& tck|o|c}bp s pobfc}bp ckaopokdcbt lo lct|ck|i kcqof lo dih~fomclbl dik of b~isi lo|bfot ckaiphbdcikot+

Of bkâfctct dih~bpb|cqi s fb oqbfubdcôk dpè|cdb lo fbt lcqoptbt auok|ot lo ckaiphbdcôk& ukclitbf jâ`c|i lof lcâfiei hbsãu|cdi& ruo ~bp|cokli lo ~itcdcikot ok b~bpcokdcb ozdfusok|ot~pi~cdcb ukb `ýtruolb dii~opb|cqb lo fb qoplbl& ~itc`cfc|bk fb blructcdcôk ~ip kuot|pibfuhkbli lo jb`cfclblot tuacdcok|ot ~bpb lct|ckeucp fbt auok|ot i`mo|cqbt lo fbt ck|opotblbt iapbulufok|bt+

Fb `ýtruolb s u|cfc}bdcôk lo ckaiphbdcikot& topqclbt b |pbqãt lo holcit |odkifôecdit loýf|chb eokopbdcôk& abdcfc|b b tu qo} of ~piepoti lo fit bfuhkit s bfuhkbt ok of hbkomi lo fbtjoppbhcok|bt lo kb|upbfo}b lcec|bf+

Fb hb|opcb |bh`cãk difbìpb dik oacdbdcb ok fb diktodudcôk lo fb dih~o|okdcb ~bpb b~poklop

b b~poklop holcbk|o fb dikacbk}b lof bfuhkbli ok tut ~pi~cbt db~bdclblot ohidcikbfot ock|ofod|ubfot& btè dihi dik of lotbppiffi lo jb`cfclblot dihukcdb|cqbt s tidcbfot ruo ~ophc|okfb ~bp|cdc~bdcôk ok bd|cqclblot lo epu~i& ok fbt ruo of lcâfiei s fb holcbdcôk to dikqcop|ok okpoructc|it ~bpb fb loackcdcôk lo qbfipot ã|cdit dik qbfclo} ukcqoptbf+

Fb ~po~bpbdcôk& lctdutcôk s potifudcôk lo lcfohbt ã|cdi(dèqcdit s lo tc|ubdcikot pobfot

~pi`fohâ|cdbt abqipodok fb u|cfc}bdcôk lo lcqoptbt ot|pb|oecbt s ho|ilifieèbt ~bpb |ihbplodctcikot lo hili pbdcikbf s dpè|cdi7 b fb qo}& b~ip|bk uk dýhufi lo oz~opcokdcbt lob~poklc}bmo& diktdcok|ot s epb|cacdbk|ot& |bk|i cklcqclubfot dihi difod|cqbt& ruo ~pi~ipdcikbkbf bfuhkbli fb db~bdclbl ~bpb toeucp b~poklcokli lo hbkopb oacdb} s bu|ôkihb+

îp ýf|chi& lotlo fit ~pidolchcok|it lo ot|b hb|opcb to aip|bfodo fb dih~o|okdcb lo

bu|ikihèb o ckcdcb|cqb ~optikbf holcbk|o of lotbppiffi lo bd|cqclblot ruo porucopok bd|c|ulot~optikbfot s dpc|opcit ~pi~cit& dusb diktifclbdcôk to blrucopo b |pbqãt lof lo`b|o s fbdikapik|bdcôk lcbfôecdb+ Blohât& of bkâfctct tct|ohâ|cdi lo btuk|it lo bd|ubfclbl& ukcli b fbpoafozcôk s dikidchcok|i bdopdb lo fbt lct|ck|bt |oipèbt ã|cdbt& ~ophc|cpâ fb ~pâd|cdb lockcdcb|cqbt cklcqclubfot s difod|cqbt dik dpob|cqclbl& dikacbk}b& pot~iktb`cfclbl s tok|clidpè|cdi+

Fb ~bp|cdc~bdcôk qifuk|bpcb s lodclclb ok difod|cqit tidcbfot o ckt|c|udcikot lo bsulbjuhbkc|bpcb tu~iko fb |pbktaiphbdcôk lo fbt clobt ok bddcikot& fb ~fbkcacdbdcôk s omodudcôk lo~pisod|it& tc `cok ~podctbk lo tu i~ip|ukb oqbfubdcôk s lo fb ofbìpbdcôk lo ~pi~uot|bt lohomipb b ~bp|cp lo fbt dikdfutcikot i`|okclbt+

I`mo|cqit

Fb oktoòbk}b lo fb Oludbdcôk Ã|cdi(Dèqcdb |oklpâ dihi ackbfclbl of lotbppiffi lo fbttceucok|ot db~bdclblot+



5

2+ Podikidop fit pbteit `âtcdit lo fb hipbfclbl juhbkb ok tu ~pâd|cdb cklcqclubf s tidcbf&bdo~|bkli fb ~pi~cb clok|clbl s qbfipbkli fb lcekclbl s fb fcòp|bl lo fbt ~optikbt dihiofohok|it cklct~oktb`fot ok tu dpodchcok|i s hblupo}+

0+ Lotbppiffbp s oz~potbp fit tok|chcok|it s fbt ohidcikot& btè dihi fbt jb`cfclblotdihukcdb|cqbt s tidcbfot ruo ~ophc|ok ~bp|cdc~bp ok bd|cqclblot lo epu~i dik bd|c|ultifclbpcb s |ifopbk|o& u|cfc}bkli of lcâfiei s fb holcbdcôk s fbt kuoqbt |odkifieèbt ~bpbbìplbp fit dikafcd|it+

4+ Lotbppiffbp fb ckcdcb|cqb ~optikbf btuhcokli pot~iktb`cfclblot s ~pbd|cdbp aiphbt lodikqcqokdcb s ~bp|cdc~bdcôk `btblbt ok of pot~o|i& fb dii~opbdcôk s fb |ifopbkdcb+

<+ Dikidop& qbfipbp s btuhcp fit lopodjit s i`fcebdcikot ruo to lopcqbk lo fb Lodfbpbdcôk_kcqoptbf lo fit Lopodjit Juhbkit s lo fb Dikt|c|udcôk ot~bòifb& o clok|cacdbp fitqbfipot hipbfot ukcqoptbfhok|o podikidclit& bdo~|âklifit dihi dpc|opcit ~bpb okmucdcbplo hbkopb ã|cdb fbt diklud|bt ~optikbfot s difod|cqbt s ~ip tu dik|pcùdcôk bf fiepi lo

tidcolblot mut|bt s lohidpâ|cdbt+?+ Clok|cacdbp fb ~fupbfclbl lo fbt tidcolblot bd|ubfot podikidcokli fb lcqoptclbl s fb

tckeufbpclbl ot~odèacdbt lo Bklbfudèb dihi okpcruodolipbt lo fb dikqcqokdcb& s loaoklopfb ceubflbl lo lopodjit s i~ip|ukclblot lo |ilbt fbt ~optikbt& podjb}bkli fbt tc|ubdcikotlo ckmut|cdcb& hbpeckbdcôk o ck|ifopbkdcb+

1+ Podikidop fit lopodjit lo fbt humopot& qbfipbp fb lcaopokdcb lo tozit s fb ceubflbl ok|pooffit& s podjb}bp fit ot|opoi|c~it s ~pomucdcit ruo tu~ikebk lctdpchckbdcôk+

5+ Dikidop s b~podcbp fit ~pckdc~cit ruo auklbhok|bk fit tct|ohbt lohidpâ|cdit s ofaukdcikbhcok|i ckt|c|udcikbf lo fb Dihukclbl Bu|ôkihb lo Bklbfudèb s lof Ot|bliot~bòif& qbfipbkli tu jipc}ik|o ã|cdi lo `ýtruolb ckdotbk|o lo fb mut|cdcb+

:+ Podikidop fb qckdufbdcôk ok|po of lctapu|o lo fit lopodjit ~optikbfot s of pot~o|i ~ip fitlopodjit lo fbt i|pbt ~optikbt& btuhcp fit loòpot dculblbkit ok of hbk|okchcok|i lo fit`cokot dihukot s dih~poklop of ~b~of lof Ot|bli dihi ebpbk|o lo fit topqcdcit ~ý`fcdit+

3+ Blrucpcp jâ`c|it lo ot|ulci s lo |pb`bmi cklcqclubf s ok oruc~i& lotbppiffbkli jb`cfclblot sbd|c|ulot ruo abqipo}dbk fb hblupo} cklcqclubf s tidcbf& qbfipbkli fb ~bp|cdc~bdcôk ok fbqclb ~ifè|cdb i ok i|pbt aiphbt lo dii~opbdcôk dculblbkb+

2>+ Dikidop fbt dbutbt ruo ~piqidbk fb qcifbdcôk lo fit lopodjit juhbkit& fb ~i`po}b s fblotceubflbl& btè dihi fb pofbdcôk ok|po fit dikafcd|it bphblit s of tu`lotbppiffi&qbfipbkli fbt bddcikot okdbhckblbt b fb diktodudcôk lo fb ~b} s fb toeupclbl dihi holci

~bpb fiepbp uk hukli hât mut|i+22+ Podikidopto dihi hcoh`pit lo ukb dculblbkèb efi`bf s hit|pbp pot~o|i dpè|cdi ~ip fbt

dit|uh`pot s fit hilit lo qclb lo ~i`fbdcikot lct|ck|bt b fb ~pi~cb& hbkcaot|bklidih~ip|bhcok|it tifclbpcit dik fbt ~optikbt s difod|cqit lotabqipodclit+

20+ Dikidop fbt ~pckdc~bfot |oipèbt ã|cdbt& poafozcikbp ti`po fbt diktoduokdcbt tidcbfot shipbfot ruo to lopcqbk lo fit bqbkdot dcok|èacdi(|odkifôecdit s lotbppiffbp ukb bd|c|uldbu|ofitb s dpè|cdb bk|o fit holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk+

24+ Blrucpcp uk ~oktbhcok|i dpè|cdi& lotbppiffbp uk dpc|opci ~pi~ci s jb`cfclblot ~bpb loaoklop~itcdcikot ~optikbfot ok fit lo`b|ot holcbk|o fb bpeuhok|bdcôk liduhok|blb s pb}ikblb&|okcokli ok duok|b fbt pb}ikot lo fbt i|pbt ~optikbt+



:

2<+ Dikidop fit ~pi`fohbt tidcbfot lo Bklbfudèb tutdo~|c`fot lo qbfipbdcôk ã|cdb& |ihbpdikdcokdcb lo offit s ùtdbp tifudcikot pot~o|uitbt dik of holci kb|upbf& dik fb lcekclbllo fbt ~optikbt s dik fb clcitckdpbtcb lo kuot|pb tidcolbl+

Dik|okclit

C+ Dik|okclit dihukot

2 Podikidchcok|i lo fit tok|chcok|it ~pi~cit s bmokit& potifudcôk lcbfieblb skoeidcblb lo fit dikafcd|it+ Podjb}i lo fb qcifokdcb dihi tifudcôk b fit dikafcd|itck|op~optikbfot+ Jb`cfclblot s bd|c|ulot tidcbfot ~bpb fb dikqcqokdcb+

0+ ^po~bpbdcôk s pobfc}bdcôk lo lo`b|ot ti`po ~pi`fohbt lof ok|ipki ckholcb|i i lodbpâd|op efi`bf& ti`po duot|cikot lo bd|ubfclbl& |ohbt ~ifãhcdit pofbdcikblit dikbqbkdot dcok|èacdi(|odkifôecdit s lcfohbt ã|cdi(dèqcdit& dik fb diktclopbdcôk lo fbt~itcdcikot s bf|opkb|cqbt ozct|ok|ot+

4+ Bkâfctct dih~bpb|cqi s oqbfubdcôk dpè|cdb lo ckaiphbdcikot ~pi~ipdcikblbt ~ip fitholcit lo dihukcdbdcôk ti`po uk hcthi jodji i ukb lo|ophckblb duot|côk lobd|ubfclbl+

<+ Podikidchcok|i lo fbt ckmut|cdcbt s fbt lotceubflblot+ Ck|opãt ~ip fb `ýtruolb s~pâd|cdb lo aiphbt lo qclb hât mut|bt+ ^bp|cdc~bdcôk ok ~pisod|it tifclbpcit lok|pi sauopb lof dok|pi+

?+ Lotbppiffi lo jâ`c|it lo |pb`bmi cklcqclubf s ok oruc~i abqipodolipot lo fb poafozcôk

s lo fb hblupo} ~optikbf s hipbf+

CC+ Clok|clbl difod|cqb s dculblbkèb+ Fb pbdcikbfclbl s fb ot|pud|upb lo fb qclb hipbf+

2 Clok|clbl ~optikbf s difod|cqb+ Aiphbt jct|ôpcdbt lo clok|clbl difod|cqb= lo fb |pcù bfb lohidpbdcb ~bp|cdc~b|cqb bd|ubf+ Pot~o|i b fbt lcaopokdcbt cklcqclubfot s b fblcqoptclbl lo duf|upbt+

0 + Fb pbdcikbfclbl s fb ot|pud|upb lo fb qclb hipbf+ Fcòp|bl s pot~iktb`cfclbl+ Qbfipots kiphbt+ Jo|opikihèb s bu|ikihèb+ Fb dikdcokdcb hipbf+ Fb lcekclbl lo fb~optikb s of podikidchcok|i lo fbt i|pbt ~optikbt dihi auklbhok|i lo fbhipbfclbl+

CCC+ \oipèbt ã|cdbt+ Fit lopodjit juhbkit

4+ Ã|cdb s hipbf+ Auklbhok|bdcôk lo fb qclb hipbf+ Ã|cdbt lo fit ackot s ã|cdbt lofloòp+ Ã|cdb s pofcecôk+

<+ Lopodjit juhbkit s lcekclbl lo fb ~optikb+ Fit lopodjit juhbkit dihi poaopokdcbukcqoptbf ~bpb fb diklud|b juhbkb+ _kcqoptbfcthi& pofb|cqcthi s ~fupbfcthi hipbf+ FbLodfbpbdcôk _kcqoptbf lo fit Lopodjit Juhbkit s of ~pi`fohb lo tu b~fcdbdcôk+



3

?+ Lopodjit dèqcdit s ~ifè|cdit+ Lopodjit odikôhcdit& tidcbfot s duf|upbfot+ Fbtlcaopokdcbt tidcbfot s duf|upbfot+ Podjb}i lo fbt bd|c|ulot lo ck|ifopbkdcb& ckmut|cdcb sozdfutcôk+ Fb dii~opbdcôk s fit hiqchcok|it loaoktipot lo fit lopodjit juhbkit+

CQ+ Ã|cdb s ~ifè|cdb+ Fb lohidpbdcb+ Fit qbfipot dikt|c|udcikbfot+

1+ Ã|cdb s ~ifè|cdb+ Fb diklcdcôk ~ifè|cdb lof top juhbki+ îlop s bu|ipclbl+ Foebfclbl&oacdbdcb s foec|chclbl+ Of Ot|bli dihi aiphb lo ipebkc}bdcôk tidcbf+

5+ Lohidpbdcb s ~bp|cdc~bdcôk dculblbkb+ ^pckdc~cit lof ei`copki lohidpâ|cdi+Aukdcikbhcok|i lof tct|ohb lohidpâ|cdi+ Aiphbt lo difbìpbdcôk s ~bp|cdc~bdcôk okckt|c|udcikot ~ifè|cdbt s ok i|pit ipebkcthit+ Fb i~ckcôk ~ý`fcdb& of ~ilop s fit holcitlo dihukcdbdcôk+ Fbt |odkifieèbt lo fb ckaiphbdcôk+

:+ Fit qbfipot dikt|c|udcikbfot+ Fb Dikt|c|udcôk s of Ot|b|u|i lo Bu|ikihèb lo

Bklbfudèb dihi hbpdi lo fit lopodjit s loòpot dculblbkit+

Q+ ^pi`fohbt tidcbfot lof hukli bd|ubf+ Fb lotceubflbl ok|po humopot s jih`pot+

3+ Abd|ipot s dbutbt lo fit okapok|bhcok|it tidcbfot& duf|upbfot s pofcecitit+ Fitdikafcd|it bphblit s fb bd|ubdcôk lo fb dihukclbl ck|opkbdcikbf ok tu potifudcôk+Podjb}i lo fb qcifokdcb s lo fb euoppb+ Fb ~b} dihi ozceokdcb ã|cdb+ B~podci ~ip fbtipebkc}bdcikot juhbkc|bpcbt+

2 > Fb efi`bfc}bdcôk s fit ~pi`fohbt lof lotbppiffi+ Fudjb dik|pb fb ~i`po}b s fboz~fi|bdcôk lo fbt ~optikbt s lo fit ~uo`fit+

22+ Abd|ipot pot~iktb`fot lo fit ~pi`fohbt s lctdpchckbdcikot lo lct|ck|it difod|cqit+Podjb}i b fbt ~ifè|cdbt lo hbpeckbdcôk s lctdpchckbdcôk ~ip pb}ôk lo o|kcb& fokeub&duf|upb s ipcok|bdcôk tozubf+

20+ Fb ceubflbl oaod|cqb ok|po tozit+ Dbutbt s abd|ipot lo fb lctdpchckbdcôk lo fbthumopot+ Ceubflbl lo lopodji s lo jodji+ ^poqokdcôk lo fb lctdpchckbdcôk s ~pi|oddcôkck|oepbf lo fb qcifokdcb dik|pb fb humop+

24+ ^pi`fohbt tidcbfot ok Bklbfudèb= loepblbdcôk lof holcibh`cok|o& ti`pooz~fi|bdcôklo poduptit& tu~op~i`fbdcôk s lotbppiffi lotceubf lof |oppc|ipci+ Of aokôhoki lo fbckhcepbdcôk= dikqcqokdcb o ck|opduf|upbfclbl+

QC+ Duot|cikot ~ifãhcdbt s au|upi lo fb juhbkclbl+

2 <+ Bqbkdot dcok|èacdit s |odkifôecdit pofbdcikblit dik of kbdchcok|i& fb po~piluddcôks fb huop|o lo fbt ~optikbt+ @ciã|cdb+ @ci|odkifieèb+

2?+ ^pi|oddcôk lof cklcqclui bk|o fit ozdotit lo fit ot|blit= fb i`modcôk lo dikdcokdcb sfb lotiòlcokdcb dcqcf+ Pofcecôk s Ot|bli+

21+ Orucfc`pci ok|po of buhok|i lof `cokot|bp s fb ~pi|oddcôk lof holci kb|upbf+Lotbppiffi tit|okc`fo s ~pi|oddcôk lof |oppc|ipci bklbfu}+



2>

Dpc|opcit lo oqbfubdcôk

2 2+ Lotdu`pcp tut tok|chcok|it ok fbt pofbdcikot ck|op~optikbfot& pb}ikbp fbthi|cqbdcikot lo tut diklud|bt s ofoddcikot s ~pbd|cdbp of lcâfiei ok fbt tc|ubdcikotlo dikafcd|i+

Dik ot|o dpc|opci to ck|ok|b dih~pi`bp ruo dblb bfuhki s bfuhkb btuho s dik|pifb tut~pi~cit tok|chcok|it& to ~iko ok of fuebp lo fbt i|pbt ~optikbt s u|cfc}b of lcâfiei s i|pit~pidolchcok|it ki qcifok|it ~bpb tu~opbp fit dikafcd|it ok tut pofbdcikot ck|op~optikbfot&ruo pb}ikb tut ofoddcikot s ruo ot pot~iktb`fo lo tut bd|it+

0+ Clok|cacdbp fit pbteit ~pi~cit lo fb hipbfclbl juhbkb *qbfip& loòp& kiphb&dikdcokdcb& pot~iktb`cfclbl& bu|ikihèb)jo|opikihèb& o|d+#& b~fcdbpfit bf bkâfctct lo fb~pi~cb ~optikbfclbl s lcaopokdcbp fit ~pckdc~bfot ~pi`fohbt hipbfot+

Dik ot|o dpc|opci to ~po|oklo oqbfubp tc of bfuhkbli lct|ckeuo fit lct|ck|it ofohok|it lo fblchoktcôk hipbf lo fbt ~optikbt s lof dih~ip|bhcok|i juhbki s podikido fit ~pi`fohbthipbfot hât tcekcacdb|cqit lof hukli bd|ubf+

2 4+ Clok|cacdbp fbt ~pckdc~bfot |oipèbt ã|cdbt& bkbfc}bkli dpè|cdbhok|o fb dik|pcùdcôklo dblb ukb bf podikidchcok|i lo fbt fcòp|blot s fit lopodjit lo fbt ~optikbt+

Holcbk|o ot|o dpc|opci to ck|ok|b oqbfubp tc of bfuhkbli dikido fit dikdo~|it dfbqot lobfeukbt lo fbt |oipèbt ã|cdbt ruo hât jbk ckafucli ok fb dikruct|b lo fit lopodjit sfcòp|blot ok Iddclok|o+

<+ Podikidop fit lopodjit juhbkit dihi ~pckdc~bf poaopokdcb ã|cdb lo fb diklud|b

juhbkb o clok|cacdbp fb oqifudcôk lo fit lopodjit dèqcdit& ~ifè|cdit& odikôhcdit&tidcbfot s duf|upbfot& hbkcaot|bkli bd|c|ulot b abqip lo tu omopdcdci s duh~fchcok|i+

B |pbqãt lo ot|o dpc|opci to |pb|b lo dih~pi`bp tc fit bfuhkit s bfuhkbt dih~poklok fitdikdo~|it dfbqot lo fit lopodjit juhbkit s tc qbfipbk of otauop}i ruo offi jb tu~uot|i okfb jct|ipcb lo fb Juhbkclbl+ To |pb|b btchcthi lo dikt|b|bp tc ok|coklok fit lopodjitjuhbkit dihi ukb dikruct|b jct|ôpcdb ckbdb`blb s hbkcacot|bk ukb ozceokdcb lo tuduh~fchcok|i+

?+ Dih~poklop s oz~potbp of tcekcacdbli jct|ôpcdi s acfitôacdi lo fb lohidpbdcb dihiot~bdci lo fb qclb hipbf s b~podcbp ot|b aiphb lo dikqcqokdcb tidcbf s ~ifè|cdb dihiauklbhok|i lo fb ~bp|cdc~bdcôk dculblbkb+

Holcbk|o ot|o dpc|opci to |pb|b lo qopcacdbp tc of bfuhkbli dih~poklo of ~fupbfcthi~ifè|cdi s hipbf& s tc b~podcb of kodotbpci pot~o|i b fb lcekclbl lo dblb ~optikb ~ipokdchb lo fbt lcaopokdcbt cklcqclubfot s duf|upbfot ruo |cokok tu ipceok ok fb jct|ipcb lofbt difod|cqclblot s lo fbt ~optikbt+

1+ Podikidop fit qbfipot auklbhok|bfot lo fb lohidpbdcb ok of Ot|b|u|i loBu|ikihèb lo Bklbfudèb s ok fb Dikt|c|udcôk ot~bòifb& b~podcbkli fb kidcôk lotct|ohb lohidpâ|cdi dihi aiphb lo ipebkc}bdcôk ~ifè|cdb ruo tck|o|c}b fit otauop}itlo fb juhbkclbl ~ip fiepbp uk hukli homip+

Holcbk|o ot|o dpc|opci to ~po|oklo oqbfubp ok of bfuhkbli tu kcqof lo dikidchcok|i lo fit

~pidotit lo lohidpb|c}bdcôk ok Ot~bòb s ok fb Dihukclbl Bu|ôkihb lo Bklbfudèb b|pbqãt lo tut kiphbt auklbhok|bfot+ \bh`cãk to ~optceuo dikt|b|bp tc fit bfuhkit s



22

bfuhkbt clok|cacdbk fit dikdo~|it dfbqot lof tct|ohb lohidpâ|cdi *of tuapbeci ukcqoptbf& of~fupbfcthi ~ifè|cdi& of ei`copki lo fb hbsipèb s fit dikafcd|it ok|po foec|chclbl sfoebfclbl lohidpâ|cdbt#& s tc diktclopbk fb lohidpbdcb dihi ukb dikruct|b ã|cdi(~ifè|cdblo |ilb fb dculblbkèb+

5+ Bkbfc}bp fbt dbutbt lo fit ~pi`fohbt tidcbfot lof hukli bd|ubf s lo Bklbfudèb ok~bp|cdufbp& ~bp|cdc~bkli lo hili lohidpâ|cdi s dii~opb|cqi ok fb `ýtruolb lotifudcikot mut|bt& s u|cfc}bp dik pceip fb ckaiphbdcôk i`|okclb lo fit holcit lodihukcdbdcôk& bpeuhok|bkli fbt ~pi~cbt ~pi~uot|bt s dik|pbt|âklifbt dik i|pbtbf|opkb|cqbt ruo ~uolbk ~potok|bpto+

Dik ot|o dpc|opci to |pb|b lo dih~pi`bp tc of bfuhkbli clok|cacdb s dih~poklo bfeukbt lofbt dbutbt ruo ~piqidbk fit ~pckdc~bfot ~pi`fohbt tidcbfot lof hukli bd|ubf *po~bp|ilotceubf lo fb pcruo}b& oz~fi|bdcôk ckabk|cf& tu~op~i`fbdcôk& ckhcepbdcôk& o|d+#& u|cfc}bklidik pceip s lo aiphb dpè|cdb fb ckaiphbdcôk i`|okclb lo fit lct|ck|it holcit lodihukcdbdcôk+ Lo ceubf hili& to ck|ok|b qopcacdbp tc podikido fb bd|ubdcôk lo

ckt|c|udcikot s ipebkcthit dih~piho|clit dik fb loaoktb lo aiphbt lo qclb hât mut|bt stc hbkcacot|bk bd|c|ulot lo |ifopbkdcb s tifclbpclbl bf ~fbk|obp tifudcikot+

2 :+ Dih~poklop ruo fb dcokdcb s fb |ãdkcdb tik lit âh`c|it hât lo fb bddcôk juhbkbs ruo& ~ip |bk|i& |cokok ukb lchoktcôk ã|cdb ckduot|cikb`fo& clok|cacdbkli fit~pckdc~bfot dikafcd|it hipbfot lof hukli bd|ubf& ok ot~odcbf fit pofb|cqit b Bklbfudèb*pot~o|i ~ip of holci bh`cok|o& ckhcepbdcôk& o|d+#& s b~podcbkli of ~b~oflotoh~oòbli ~ip fb @ciã|cdb ok fb loaoktb lo fb lcekclbl lo fbt ~optikbt+

Dik ot|o dpc|opci to ~po|oklo oqbfubp tc of bfuhkbli dikido fb oz|pbiplckbpcb ch~ip|bkdcbruo |coko ok kuot|pb tidcolbl of hukli lo fb dcokdcb s lo fb |odkifieèb& btè dihi fbtdiktoduokdcbt hipbfot ruo ~uolok lopcqbpto lo fb ~uot|b ok ~pâd|cdb lo tut fiepit+Blohât& to |pb|b lo dih~pi`bp tc clok|cacdb fit ~pckdc~bfot ~pi`fohbt hipbfot lof huklibd|ubf s hbkcacot|b ukb hbsip toktc`cfclbl bk|o fit ruo baod|bk b Bklbfudèb+ Ackbfhok|o&to qopcacdbpâ tc of bfuhkbli b~podcb fbt ~itc`cfclblot lo fb @ciã|cdb ~bpb lofchc|bp ofdbh~i lo fb bd|ubdcôk dcok|èacdb+

3+ Podikidop fb ozct|okdcb lo dikafcd|it s of ~b~of lo fb dihukclbl ck|opkbdcikbf oktu potifudcôk& podjb}bp fbt tc|ubdcikot ruo eokopbk okapok|bhcok|it ok|po fbt~optikbt s fit ~bètot& qbfipbkli fb ~bp|cdc~bdcôk juhbkc|bpcb ~bpb ~bfcbp fbtdiktoduokdcbt lo fbt euoppbt+

Dik ot|o dpc|opci to ~po|oklo dih~pi`bp tc of bfuhkbli dikido fit dikafcd|it hâttcekcacdb|cqit lof hukli bd|ubf s tu fidbfc}bdcôk& fb bd|ubdcôk lo fbt ipebkc}bdcikotck|opkbdcikbfot s tut ~pi|idifit lo ck|opqokdcôk+ Btchcthi to |pb|b lo dikt|b|bp tc ofbfuhkbli podjb}b fbt tc|ubdcikot lo qcifokdcb s euoppb s b~podcb fb ~b} dihi otdokbpci lodikqcqokdcb s b fbt ipebkc}bdcikot juhbkc|bpcbt dihi ckt|puhok|it dii~opblipot ok tudiktodudcôk+

2>+ Bkbfc}bp of dbhcki podippcli jbdcb fb ceubflbl lo lopodjit lo fbt humopot spodjb}bp fbt tc|ubdcikot lo lctdpchckbdcôk s qcifokdcb lo fbt ruo tik qèd|chbt&lct|ckeucokli fit lct|ck|it abd|ipot lo lctdpchckbdcôk s bli~|bkli bd|c|ulot lo|ifopbkdcb jbdcb fbt lcaopokdcbt ã|kcdbt& fckeöèt|cdbt& duf|upbfot s lo ipcok|bdcôktozubf& ok|po i|pbt+

To |pb|b lo dih~pi`bp tc fit bfuhkit s fbt bfuhkbt podikidok fb ceubflbl ok|po |ilbt fbt~optikbt s fit ofohok|it lcaopokdcblipot ruo ot|âk ok fb `bto lo bfeukbt



20

lctdpchckbdcikot& btè dihi fit hihok|it dpudcbfot ok fb dikruct|b lo fit lopodjit~ifè|cdit lo fbt humopot s ok fb diktodudcôk lo fb ceubflbl oaod|cqb ok of âh`c|i abhcfcbp sfbìpbf+ \bh`cãk to ~optceuo qopcacdbp tc tbòk clok|cacdbp s fidbfc}bp fbt tc|ubdcikot lolctdpchckbdcôk lo |ili |c~i ruo tu`tct|ok ok fbt tidcolblot bd|ubfot s podjb}bk fb

qcifokdcb dik|pb fbt humopot s i|pit difod|cqit+22+ Ofbìpbp ckaiphot s ~bp|cdc~bp ok lo`b|ot ti`po duot|cikot ~pi`fohâ|cdbt lo fbqclb di|clcbkb ok of hukli bd|ubf *okapok|bhcok|it `ãfcdit& tc|ubdcikot lolctdpchckbdcôk& dbtit lo qcifokdcb dik|pb fbt humopot& o|d+#& u|cfc}bkli dik pceip fitholcit lo dihukcdbdcôk s fbt |odkifieèbt lo fb ckaiphbdcôk ~bpb diktifclbpbd|c|ulot |ifopbk|ot s tifclbpcbt+

Ot|o dpc|opci ~po|oklo oqbfubp tc of bfuhkbli ot db~b} lo ùtdbp& tofoddcikbp s bkbfc}bpdik pceip fb ckaiphbdcôk i`|okclb lo lcaopok|ot holcit ti`po tc|ubdcikot ckmut|bt*~pâd|cdbt lctdpchckb|ipcbt& dbtit lo qcifokdcb dik|pb fbt humopot& okapok|bhcok|it `ãfcdit&o|d+#& oz|pbsokli lo offbt fbt lcaopok|ot ~it|upbt ã|cdbt ruo fbt tut|ok|bk& btè dihi tc

huot|pb toktc`cfclbl bk|o fit ~pi`fohbt tidcbfot ~potok|ot ok tu qclb di|clcbkb& sdih~pi`bp tc fit bìplb dik bd|c|ulot tifclbpcbt s pot~o|uitbt+ \bh`cãk to ~po|oklodih~pi`bp tc of bfuhkbli bkbfc}b fbt qok|bmbt s lotqok|bmbt ruo dih~ip|bk fbt kuoqbt|odkifieèbt ~bpb fb tidcolbl+

20+ _|cfc}bp s qbfipbp of lcâfiei s fb bpeuhok|bdcôk dihi ~pidolchcok|i pbdcikbf~bpb potifqop dikafcd|it& ~bpb mut|cacdbp fbt ~pi~cbt ~itcdcikot ã|cdbt i poau|bp fbtbmokbt& ~bp|cdc~bkli lo aiphb lohidpâ|cdb s dii~opb|cqb ok fbt bd|cqclblot lofdok|pi s lof ok|ipki+

Holcbk|o ot|o dpc|opci to ~po|oklo oqbfubp tc of bfuhkbli u|cfc}b lo hbkopb blodublb fbbpeuhok|bdcôk& s tc dikido s pot~o|b fbt ~itcdcikot lcqopeok|ot lo fbt i|pbt ~optikbt&|bk|i ok of bufb dihi ok of âh`c|i abhcfcbp s tidcbf+ îp i|pb ~bp|o& to ~po|oklo qopcacdbp tc~bp|cdc~b s dii~opb ok of |pb`bmi lo epu~i s tc difbìpb ok fbt bd|cqclblot lof dok|pioludb|cqi s ok i|pit âh`c|it oz|opkit+

Oqbfubdcôk

Dpc|opcit lo Oqbfubdcôk

Fb oqbfubdcôk dihi dubfrucop i|pb bd|cqclbl oludb|cqb ki ot ukèqidb& tcki ruo |coko hýf|c~fotaiphbt s oz~potcikot+ îp |bk|i& ot kodotbpci ~fbk|obp fb btcekb|upb lo Oludbdcôk Ã|cdi(Dèqcdbtoeýk of dik|oz|i& bh`cok|o s dbpbd|opèt|cdbt lof dok|pi s lo fit bfuhkit)bt& s dihidiktoduokdcb lo offi& pobfc}bp tcoh~po fb oqbfubdcôk dik ukb qidbdcôk ckqot|ceblipb slckâhcdb& diklcdcikblb ~ip fbt dcpdukt|bkdcbt s of ~pidoti lo oktoòbk}b+

\okcokli ok duok|b fi bk|opcip& fb aukdcôk `âtcdb lo kuot|pb oqbfubdcôk ki topâ tifbhok|o diki`mo|i lo dbfcacdbp i ~pihidcikbp bfuhkit)bt lo uk kcqof b i|pi& tcki hât `cok ~bpb dikidop sdih~pi`bp tc kuot|pi ~pidoti lo oktoòbk}b ot|â lbkli fb pot~uot|b ot~odcacdblb ok fiti`mo|cqit+



24

Ok ukb btcekb|upb dik fbt dbpbd|opèt|cdbt ~pi~cbt lo Oludbdcôk Ã|cdi(Dèqcdb& diktclopbhitruo loòk |okop hât ~oti fit ~pidolchcok|it s fbt bd|c|ulot ruo fit dikdo~|it+ Qbhit bqbfipbp hât fi ruo of bfuhki)b tbò jbdop s tu aiphb lo top s dih~ip|bpto dihi ~optikbhcoh`pi lof bufb& ruo fb hopb po~o|cdcôk lo fit lb|it o ckaiphbdcikot ruo fo b~ip|bhit ok fbt

dfbtot |oôpcdbt+ Ok dblb ukclbl lclâd|cdb pobfc}bpohit ukb topco lo bd|cqclblot dik of i`mo|ilo dih~pi`bp fb btchcfbdcôk lo fit dik|okclit ~pidolchok|bfot s bd|c|ulckbfot+ Ot|i kitcekcacdb of hokit~podci lo fit dik|okclit dikdo~|ubfot& tcki tu tuìplckbdcôk b fit litbk|opcipot+

µ Dikdo~|it8 0>/µ ^pidolchcok|it8 <>/µ Bd|c|ulot8 <>/

Bf top fb oqbfubdcôk uk ~pidoti ck|oepbf s dik|ckui& fbt podu~opbdcikot s fit bfuhkit)bt‖~oklcok|ot‘ loòk cp tu~opâklito |okcokli ok duok|b fit dpc|opcit bk|opcipot& lo |bf hili ruofb dbfcacdbdcôk efi`bf s ackbf topâ fb loackc|cqb+

Ki i`t|bk|o& dihi potuf|bli lof |pb`bmi dik fit dik|okclit ~pi~uot|it ok fb fèkob cklcdblb~ip fit i`mo|cqit& fit bfuhkit)bt loòpâk lotbppiffbp fit tceucok|ot pbteit dihukot=

µ Top db~b} lo bkbfc}bp lo aiphb dpè|cdb s dpob|cqb fit dik|okclit hipbfot lo tu qclb s lo fbtidcolbl s duf|upb b fb ruo ~op|okodo& clobkli s qbfipbkli ~itc`cfclblot ~bpb fb tifudcôk lofit ~pi`fohbt hipbfot ruo to fo ~fbk|obk b fit cklcqcluit& b fit epu~it i b fb juhbkclbl+

µ Top db~b} lo dikt|pucp ~pckdc~cit qbfipb|cqit s dpc|opcit ~optikbfot ~bpb auklbhok|bp

pbdcikbfhok|o s lbp duok|b lo fbt ~itcdcikot ã|cdbt ti`po fi ruo to diktclopb ùoki i hbfi+µ Top db~b} lo bli~|bp ukb ~opt~od|cqb b`cop|b b fit lohât ruo ~ophc|b dih~poklop i|pit~uk|it lo qct|b& okpcruodop tu ~itcdcôk dik i|pbt b~ip|bdcikot s ~poidu~bpto ~ip fbtdiklcdcikot lo qclb lo fit hât lotabqipodclit+

Ot|it pbteit dihukot tik tifclbpcit dik fb b|okdcôk b fb lcqoptclbl lo fit bfuhkit+ îp oti&loò diktclopbpto lo |bf hili ruo btoeupo uk kcqof hèkchi ~bpb |ilit fit bfuhkit)bt bf ackbflo fb o|b~b& s ~ophc|cokli b fb qo} ruo fit bfuhkit)bt hât bqok|bmblit ~uolbk bh~fcbp tutdikidchcok|it hât bffâ lo oto hèkchi dihýk+

Ckt|puhok|it lo Oqbfubdcôk

µ I`topqbdcôk tct|ohâ|cdb= otdbfbt lo i`topqbdcôk s lcbpcit lo dfbto hus ch~ip|bk|ot ~bpb fit~pidolchcok|it s bd|c|ulot+

µ ^puo`bt ot~odèacdbt= oz~itcdcôk ipbf lo uk |pb`bmi ~ip |pchot|po pobfc}bli ok epu~i s auopblof jipbpci lo dfbtot& ti`po fit hb|opcbfot b~ip|blit ok fbt dfbtot |oôpcdbt s duclbkli fboz~potcôk s fb ip|iepbaèb+

µ Pobfc}bdcôk& |pbt dblb ukclbl lclâd|cdb& lo ukb ~puo`b otdpc|b+



2<

µ Bkâfctct lo ~piluddcikot= dublopki lo dfbto dik fb pobfc}bdcôk lo |ilbt fbt bd|cqclblotlcbpcbt+

µ Ck|opdbh`cit= btbh`fobt& ~uot|b ok dihýk s omopdcdcit lo tchufbdcôk+

( Fb btct|okdcb b dfbto to qbfipbpâ toeýk fit dpc|opcit ot|b`fodclit ~ip of dok|pi+

Ot|o ýf|chi ckt|puhok|i kit topâ ceubfhok|o ý|cf ~bpb oqbfubp fb oktoòbk}b ~pbd|cdblb s ~bpbck|piludcp fbt homipbt kodotbpcbt ok fb ~piepbhbdcôk+

Fc`pi lo \oz|i= Mbqcop ^ãpo} Dbppbtdi(Dbphok Lèb} I|opi+ DculblbkNt+ Oludbdcôk ã|cdi(dèqcdb+ Olc|ipcbf ^OBPTIK(BFJBH@PB+

DIK\OKCLIT HÈKCHIT LO FB BTCEKB\_PB+

I`mo|cqit *P+L+ 2142)0>>1 Oktoòbk}bt hèkchbt lo fb Oludbdcôk Toduklbpcb#Dik|okclit *P+L+2142)0>>1#

† @firuo 2+ Dik|okclit dihukot+† @firuo 0+ Clok|clbl s bf|opclbl+ Oludbdcôk baod|cqi(ohidcikbf+† @firuo 4+ \oipèbt ã|cdbt+ Fit lopodjit juhbkit+† @firuo <+ Ã|cdb s ~ifè|cdb+ Fb lohidpbdcb+ Fit qbfipot dikt|c|udcikbfot+† @firuo ?+ ^pi`fohbt tidcbfot lof hukli bd|ubf+† @firuo 1+ Fb ceubflbl ok|po jih`pot s humopot+

Ki to dik|oh~fbk ck|opbddcôk lo fit @firuot lo dik|okcli *POBF LODPO\I

2142)0>>1#& dik i|pit Kýdfoit |ohâ|cdit *@IMB& IPLOK lo 2> lo beit|i lo 0>>5#+

2+ Dik|okclit dihukot+2+ Podikidchcok|i lo fit tok|chcok|it ~pi~cit s bmokit& potifudcôk lcbfieblb

s koeidcblb lo fit dikafcd|it+0+ ^po~bpbdcôk s pobfc}bdcôk lo lo`b|ot ti`po ~pi`fohbt lof ok|ipki

ckholcb|i i lo dbpâd|op efi`bf& ti`po duot|cikot lo bd|ubfclbl s lcfohbtã|cdi(dèqcdit& diktclopbkli fbt ~itcdcikot s bf|opkb|cqbt ozct|ok|ot+

4+ Bkâfctct dih~bpb|cqi s oqbfubdcôk dpè|cdb lo ckaiphbdcikot~pi~ipdcikblbt ~ip fit holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk ti`po uk hcthi jodji iduot|côk lo bd|ubfclbl+

<+ Podikidchcok|i lo fbt ckmut|cdcbt s fbt lotceubflblot+ Ck|opãt ~ip fb`ýtruolb s ~pâd|cdb lo aiphbt lo qclb hât mut|bt+ ^bp|cdc~bdcôk ok~pisod|it ruo ch~fcruok tifclbpclbl lok|pi s auopb lof dok|pi+

0+ Clok|clbl s bf|opclbl+ Oludbdcôk baod|cqi(ohidcikbf+2+ Clok|clbl ~optikbf& fc`op|bl s pot~iktb`cfclbl+ Fit ck|oppiebk|ot lof top

juhbki+ Pot~o|i b fbt lcaopokdcbt ~optikbfot+0+ Ck|ofceokdcb& tok|chcok|it s ohidcikot+ Fbt pofbdcikot ck|op~optikbfot+

Podjb}i lo fb qcifokdcb dihi tifudcôk b fit dikafcd|it ck|op~optikbfot+4+ Jb`cfclblot s bd|c|ulot tidcbfot ~bpb fb dikqcqokdcb+ Pot~o|i ~ip fb

lcekclbl juhbkb s fit lopodjit auklbhok|bfot lo fbt ~optikbt+

4+ \oipèbt ã|cdbt+ Fit lopodjit juhbkit+2+ Fbt |oipèbt ã|cdbt+



2?

0+ Fit lopodjit juhbkit dihi poaopokdcb ukcqoptbf ~bpb fb diklud|bjuhbkb+ Lopodjit dèqcdit s ~ifè|cdit+ Lopodjit odikôhcdit& tidcbfot sduf|upbfot+ Oqifudcôk& ck|op~po|bdcikot s loaoktb oaod|cqb lo fit lopodjitjuhbkit+

4+ Fbt lcaopokdcbt tidcbfot s duf|upbfot+ Podjb}i lo fbt bd|c|ulot lock|ifopbkdcb& ckmut|cdcb s ozdfutcôk+

<+ Ã|cdb s ~ifè|cdb+ Fb lohidpbdcb+ Fit qbfipot dikt|c|udcikbfot+2+ Lohidpbdcb s ~bp|cdc~bdcôk dculblbkb+0+ Ckt|c|udcikot lohidpâ|cdbt= auklbhok|i s aukdcikbhcok|i+ Of

iplokbhcok|i mupèlcdi dihi ckt|puhok|i lo poeufbdcôk lo fb dikqcqokdcb+4+ Fit qbfipot dikt|c|udcikbfot+ Dippot~iklokdcb ok|po lopodjit s loòpot

dculblbkit+?+ ^pi`fohbt tidcbfot lof hukli bd|ubf+

2+ Abd|ipot ruo eokopbk ~pi`fohbt s lctdpchckbdcikot b lct|ck|it difod|cqit+Qbfipbdcôk ã|cdb lotlo fit lopodjit juhbkit+ ^pi~uot|bt lo bd|ubdcôk+

0+ Fb efi`bfc}bdcôk s fit ~pi`fohbt lof lotbppiffi+ îlop s holcit lodihukcdbdcôk+

4+ Dculblbkèb efi`bf+ Lotbppiffi juhbki tit|okc`fo+ Dii~opbdcôk+ Fithiqchcok|it dih~piho|clit ok fb loaoktb lo fit Lopodjit Juhbkit+

<+ Fit dikafcd|it bphblit s fb bd|ubdcôk lo fb dihukclbl ck|opkbdcikbf ok tupotifudcôk+ I~opbdcikot ~bpb ot|b`fodop& hbk|okop i diktifclbp fb ~b}+ Fbloaoktb bf topqcdci lo fb ~b}+ Fb duf|upb lo fb ~b}+

1+ Fb ceubflbl ok|po jih`pot s humopot+2+ Lcekclbl lo fb ~optikb& ceubflbl ok fcòp|bl s lcqoptclbl+0+ Dbutbt s abd|ipot lo fb lctdpchckbdcôk lo fbt humopot+ Ceubflbl lo

lopodjit s lo jodji+4+ Bf|opkb|cqbt b fb lctdpchckbdcôk+ ^poqokdcôk s ~pi|oddcôk ck|oepbf lo fbqcifokdcb dik|pb fbt humopot+

POFBDCÔK LO FBT DIHÔ\OKDCBT @ÂTCDBT DIK FBT _KCLBLOT& FIT

I@MO\CQIT OTÔDÈACDIT LO FB HB\OPCB S DIK FIT DPC\OPCIT LOOQBF_BDCÔK

DIHÔ\OKDCBT@ÂTCDBT S

ÎPDOK\BMO

_KCLBLOT OK FBT R_O TO\PB@BMB

POFBDCÔK DIK FITI@MO\CQIT OTÔDÈACDIT

LO FB HB\OPCB S DIK FITDPC\OPCIT LOOQBF_BDCÔK



21

Dih~o|okdcb Fckeöèt|cdb*DF#

?/

\ILBT Ok pofbdcôk dik fit IOH ot|bdih~o|okdcb to |pb`bmbpâ soqbfubpâ ok |ilbt fbt ukclblot+

Dpc|opcit lo oqbfubdcôk=

22+ Ofb`ipbp ckaiphot s ~bp|cdc~bpok lo`b|ot ti`po duot|cikot~pi`fohâ|cdbt lo fb qclbdi|clcbkb ok of hukli bd|ubf*okapok|bhcok|it `ãfcdit&tc|ubdcikot lo lctdpchckbdcôk&dbtit lo qcifokdcb dik|pb fbthumopot& o|d+#& u|cfc}bkli dikpceip fit holcit lodihukcdbdcôk s fbt|odkifieèbt lo fb ckaiphbdcôk~bpb diktifclbp bd|c|ulot|ifopbk|ot s tifclbpcbt+

20+ _|cfc}bp s qbfipbp oflcâfiei s fb bpeuhok|bdcôkdihi ~pidolchcok|i pbdcikbf~bpb potifqop dikafcd|it& ~bpb

mut|cacdbp fbt ~pi~cbt~itcdcikot ã|cdbt i poau|bp fbt

bmokbt& ~bp|cdc~bkli lo aiphblohidpâ|cdb s dii~opb|cqb okfbt bd|cqclblot lof dok|pi s lofok|ipki+

Dih~o|okdcbHb|ohâ|cdb *DH#

2/

KCKE_KB LO HBKOPBLCPOD\B

Ok pofbdcôk dik fit IOH ki to|pb`bmb lo hbkopb lcpod|b ot|bDD@@& ~ipdok|bmo 2/ lo dbpb b fboqbfubdcôk+

Dpc|opcit lo Oqbfubdcôk=

:+ Dih~poklop ruo fb dcokdcb s fb|ãdkcdb tik lit âh`c|it hât lo fbbddcôk juhbkb s ruo& ~ip |bk|i&|cokok ukb lchoktcôk ã|cdbckduot|cikb`fo& clok|cacdbkli fit~pckdc~bfot dikafcd|it hipbfot lofhukli bd|ubf& ok ot~odcbf fit

pofb|cqit b Bklbfudèb *pot~o|i ~ip



25

of holci bh`cok|o& ckhcepbdcôk&o|d+#& s b~podcbkli of ~b~oflotoh~oòbli ~ip fb @ciã|cdb ok fbloaoktb lo fb lcekclbl lo fbt

~optikbt+

Dih~o|okdcb ~bpb ofDikidchcok|i s fbCk|opbddcôk dik of HolciAètcdi *DCHA#

2?/

24+ ^pi`fohbt tidcbfot okBklbfudèb= loepblbdcôklof holcibh`cok|o&ti`pooz~fi|bdcôk lopoduptit& tu~op~i`fbdcôk

s lotbppiffi lotceubf lof|oppc|ipci+ Of aokôhoki lofb ckhcepbdcôk=dikqcqokdcb ock|opduf|upbfclbl+

2<+ Bqbkdot dcok|èacdit s|odkifôecdit pofbdcikblitdik of kbdchcok|i& fbpo~piluddcôk s fb huop|o

lo fbt ~optikbt+ @ciã|cdb+@ci|odkifieèb+

21+ Orucfc`pci ok|po ofbuhok|i lof `cokot|bp s fb~pi|oddcôk lof holcikb|upbf+ Lotbppiffitit|okc`fo s ~pi|oddcôklof |oppc|ipci bklbfu}+

Ok pofbdcôk dik fit IOH=

20+ Dikidop fbt ~pckdc~bfot |oipèbtã|cdbt& poafozcikbp ti`po fbtdiktoduokdcbt tidcbfot s

hipbfot ruo to lopcqbk lo fitbqbkdot dcok|èacdi(|odkifôecdit s lotbppiffbp ukbbd|c|ul dbu|ofitb s dpè|cdb bk|ofit holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk+

2<+ Dikidop fit ~pi`fohbttidcbfot lo Bklbfudèbtutdo~|c`fot lo qbfipbdcôkã|cdb& |ihbp dikdcokdcb looffit s `utdbp tifudcikot

pot~o|uitbt dik of holcikb|upbf& dik fb lcekclbl lo fbt~optikbt s dik fb clcitckdpbtcblo kuot|pb tidcolbl+


:+ Dih~poklop ruo fb dcokdcb s fb|ãdkcdb tik lit âh`c|it hât lo fbbddcôk juhbkb s ruo& ~ip |bk|i&|cokok ukb lchoktcôk ã|cdbckduot|cikb`fo& clok|cacdbkli fit

~pckdc~bfot dikafcd|it hipbfot lofhukli bd|ubf& ok ot~odcbf fitpofb|cqit b Bklbfudèb *pot~o|i ~ipof holci bh`cok|o& ckhcepbdcôk&o|d+#& s b~podcbkli of ~b~oflotoh~oòbli ~ip fb @ciã|cdb ok fbloaoktb lo fb lcekclbl lo fbt~optikbt+



2:

\pb|bhcok|i lo fbCkaiphbdcôk sDih~o|okdcb Lcec|bf*\CDL#

2?/

\ILBT Ok pofbdcôk dik fit IOH=

0+ Lotbppiffbp s oz~potbp fittok|chcok|it s fbt ohidcikot&btè dihi fbt jb`cfclblotdihukcdb|cqbt s tidcbfot ruo~ophc|ok ~bp|cdc~bp okbd|cqclblot lo epu~i dikbd|c|ul tifclbpcb s |ifopbk|o&

u|cfc}bkli of lcâfiei s fbholcbdcôk s fbt kuoqbt|odkifieèbt ~bpb b`iplbp fitdikafcd|it+

3+ Blrucpcp jâ`c|it lo ot|ulci s lo|pb`bmi cklcqclubf s ok oruc~i&lotbppiffbkli jb`cfclblot sbd|c|ulot ruo abqipo}dbk fbhblupo} cklcqclubf s tidcbf&qbfipbkli fb ~bp|cdc~bdcôk ok

fb qclb ~ifè|cdb i ok i|pbtaiphbt lo dii~opbdcôkdculblbkb+


5+ Bkbfc}bp fbt dbutbt lo fit~pi`fohbt tidcbfot lofhukli bd|ubf s loBklbfudèb ok ~bp|cdufbp&~bp|cdc~bkli lo hililohidpâ|cdi s dii~opb|cqi

ok fb `ýtruolb lotifudcikot mut|bt& s u|cfc}bpdik pceip fb ckaiphbdcôki`|okclb lo fit holcit lodihukcdbdcôk&bpeuhok|bkli fbt ~pi~cbt~pi~uot|bt sdik|pbt|âklifbt dik i|pbtbf|opkb|cqbt ruo ~uolbk~potok|bpto+

22+ Ofb`ipbp ckaiphot s~bp|cdc~bp ok lo`b|ot ti`po



23

duot|cikot ~pi`fohâ|cdbt lo fbqclb di|clcbkb ok of huklibd|ubf *okapok|bhcok|it`ãfcdit& tc|ubdcikot lo

lctdpchckbdcôk& dbtit loqcifokdcb dik|pb fbt humopot&o|d+#& u|cfc}bkli dik pceip fitholcit lo dihukcdbdcôk s fbt|odkifieèbt lo fb ckaiphbdcôk~bpb diktifclbp bd|c|ulot|ifopbk|ot s tifclbpcbt+

20+ _|cfc}bp s qbfipbp oflcâfiei s fb bpeuhok|bdcôkdihi ~pidolchcok|i pbdcikbf

~bpb potifqop dikafcd|it& ~bpb mut|cacdbp fbt ~pi~cbt~itcdcikot ã|cdbt i poau|bp fbtbmokbt& ~bp|cdc~bkli lo aiphblohidpâ|cdb s dii~opb|cqb okfbt bd|cqclblot lof dok|pi s lofok|ipki+

Dih~o|okdcb Tidcbf sDculblbkb *TsD#

0?/


2+ Podikidop fit pbteit `âtcdit lofb hipbfclbl juhbkb ok tu~pâd|cdb cklcqclubf s tidcbf&bdo~|bkli fb ~pi~cb clok|clbls qbfipbkli fb lcekclbl s fbfc`op|bl lo fbt ~optikbt dihiofohok|it cklct~oktb`fot ok tudpodchcok|i s hblupo}+

0+ Lotbppiffbp s oz~potbp fittok|chcok|it s fbt ohidcikot&btè dihi fbt jb`cfclblotdihukcdb|cqbt s tidcbfot ruo~ophc|ok ~bp|cdc~bp okbd|cqclblot lo epu~i dikbd|c|ul tifclbpcb s |ifopbk|o&u|cfc}bkli of lcâfiei s fbholcbdcôk s fbt kuoqbt|odkifieèbt ~bpb b`iplbp fitdikafcd|it+

4+ Lotbppiffbp fb ckcdcb|cqb ~optikbf



0>

btuhcokli pot~iktb`cfclblot s~pbd|cdbp aiphbt lodikqcqokdcb s ~bp|cdc~bdcôk`btblbt ok of pot~o|i& fb

dii~opbdcôk s fb |ifopbkdcb+<+ Dikidop& qbfipbp s btuhcp fit

lopodjit s i`fcebdcikot ruo tolopcqbk lo fb Lodfbpbdcôk_kcqoptbf lo fit LopodjitJuhbkit s lo fb Dikt|c|udcôkot~bòifb& o clok|cacdbp fitqbfipot hipbfotukcqoptbfhok|o podikidclit&bdo~|âklifit dihi dpc|opcit

~bpb okmucdcbp lo hbkopb ã|cdbfbt diklud|bt ~optikbfot sdifod|cqbt s ~ip tudik|pc`udcôk bf fiepi lotidcolblot mut|bt slohidpâ|cdbt+

?+ Clok|cacdbp fb ~fupbfclbl lo fbttidcolblot bd|ubfotpodikidcokli fb lcqoptclbl s fbtckeufbpclbl ot~odèacdbt loBklbfudèb dihiokpcruodolipbt lo fbdikqcqokdcb& s loaoklop fbceubflbl lo lopodjit si~ip|ukclblot lo |ilbt fbt~optikbt& podjb}bkli fbttc|ubdcikot lo ckmut|cdcb&hbpeckbdcôk o ck|ifopbkdcb+

1+ Podikidop fit lopodjit lo fbthumopot& qbfipbp fb lcaopokdcblo tozit s fb ceubflbl ok|po

offit& s podjb}bp fitot|opoi|c~it s ~pomucdcit ruotu~ikebk lctdpchckbdcôk+

5+ Dikidop s b~podcbp fit~pckdc~cit ruo auklbhok|bkfit tct|ohbt lohidpâ|cdit s ofaukdcikbhcok|i ckt|c|udcikbflo fb Dihukclbl Bu|ôkihb loBklbfudèb s lof Ot|bliot~bòif& qbfipbkli tu

jipc}ik|o ã|cdi lo `ýtruolb



02

ckdotbk|o lo fb mut|cdcb+

:+ Podikidop fb qckdufbdcôk ok|poof lctapu|o lo fit lopodjit

~optikbfot s of pot~o|i ~ip fitlopodjit lo fbt i|pbt ~optikbt&btuhcp fit lo`opot dculblbkitok of hbk|okchcok|i lo fit`cokot dihukot s dih~poklopof ~b~of lof Ot|bli dihiebpbk|o lo fit topqcdcit~ý`fcdit+

3+ Blrucpcp jâ`c|it lo ot|ulci s lo|pb`bmi cklcqclubf s ok oruc~i&lotbppiffbkli jb`cfclblot s

bd|c|ulot ruo abqipo}dbk fbhblupo} cklcqclubf s tidcbf&qbfipbkli fb ~bp|cdc~bdcôk okfb qclb ~ifè|cdb i ok i|pbtaiphbt lo dii~opbdcôkdculblbkb+

2>+ Dikidop fbt dbutbt ruo~piqidbk fb qcifbdcôk lo fitlopodjit juhbkit& fb ~i`po}bs fb lotceubflbl& btè dihi fb

pofbdcôk ok|po fit dikafcd|itbphblit s of tu`lotbppiffi&qbfipbkli fbt bddcikotokdbhckblbt b fb diktodudcôklo fb ~b} s fb toeupclbl dihiholci ~bpb fiepbp uk huklihât mut|i+

22+ Podikidopto dihi hcoh`pitlo ukb dculblbkèb efi`bf shit|pbp pot~o|i dpè|cdi ~ip fbt

dit|uh`pot s fit hilit loqclb lo ~i`fbdcikot lct|ck|bt bfb ~pi~cb& hbkcaot|bklidih~ip|bhcok|it tifclbpcitdik fbt ~optikbt s difod|cqitlotabqipodclit+

20+ Dikidop fbt ~pckdc~bfot |oipèbtã|cdbt& poafozcikbp ti`po fbtdiktoduokdcbt tidcbfot shipbfot ruo to lopcqbk lo fitbqbkdot dcok|èacdi(|odkifôecdit s lotbppiffbp ukb



00

bd|c|ul dbu|ofitb s dpè|cdb bk|ofit holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk+

24+ Blrucpcp uk ~oktbhcok|i

dpè|cdi& lotbppiffbp uk dpc|opci~pi~ci s jb`cfclblot ~bpbloaoklop ~itcdcikot ~optikbfotok fit lo`b|ot holcbk|o fbbpeuhok|bdcôk liduhok|blb spb}ikblb& |okcokli ok duok|bfbt pb}ikot lo fbt i|pbt~optikbt+

2<+ Dikidop fit ~pi`fohbttidcbfot lo Bklbfudèbtutdo~|c`fot lo qbfipbdcôk

ã|cdb& |ihbp dikdcokdcb looffit s ùtdbp tifudcikotpot~o|uitbt dik of holcikb|upbf& dik fb lcekclbl lo fbt~optikbt s dik fb clcitckdpbtcblo kuot|pb tidcolbl+


2+ Lotdu`pcp tut tok|chcok|it okfbt pofbdcikot ck|op~optikbfot&pb}ikbp fbt hi|cqbdcikot lo tutdiklud|bt s ofoddcikot s ~pbd|cdbpof lcâfiei ok fbt tc|ubdcikot lodikafcd|i+

0+ Clok|cacdbp fit pbteit~pi~cit lo fb hipbfclbljuhbkb *qbfip& loòp& kiphb&dikdcokdcb& pot~iktb`cfclbl&bu|ikihèb)jo|opikihèb& o|d+#&b~fcdbpfit bf bkâfctct lo fb~pi~cb ~optikbfclbl s

lcaopokdcbp fit ~pckdc~bfot~pi`fohbt hipbfot+

4+ Clok|cacdbp fbt ~pckdc~bfot |oipèbtã|cdbt& bkbfc}bkli dpè|cdbhok|o fbdik|pcùdcôk lo dblb ukb bfpodikidchcok|i lo fbt fcòp|blot sfit lopodjit lo fbt ~optikbt+

<+ Podikidop fit lopodjitjuhbkit dihi ~pckdc~bfpoaopokdcb ã|cdb lo fb diklud|b

juhbkb o clok|cacdbp fb



04

oqifudcôk lo fit lopodjitdèqcdit& ~ifè|cdit& odikôhcdit&tidcbfot s duf|upbfot&hbkcaot|bkli bd|c|ulot b abqip

lo tu omopdcdci sduh~fchcok|i+

?+ Dih~poklop s oz~potbp oftcekcacdbli jct|ôpcdi sacfitôacdi lo fb lohidpbdcbdihi ot~bdci lo fb qclb hipbfs b~podcbp ot|b aiphb lodikqcqokdcb tidcbf s ~ifè|cdbdihi auklbhok|i lo fb~bp|cdc~bdcôk dculblbkb+

1+ Podikidop fit qbfipotauklbhok|bfot lo fblohidpbdcb ok of Ot|b|u|i loBu|ikihèb lo Bklbfudèb s okfb Dikt|c|udcôk ot~bòifb&b~podcbkli fb kidcôk lotct|ohb lohidpâ|cdi dihiaiphb lo ipebkc}bdcôk ~ifè|cdbruo tck|o|c}b fit otauop}it lofb juhbkclbl ~ip fiepbp ukhukli homip+

5+ Bkbfc}bp fbt dbutbt lo fit~pi`fohbt tidcbfot lof huklibd|ubf s lo Bklbfudèb ok~bp|cdufbp& ~bp|cdc~bkli lohili lohidpâ|cdi sdii~opb|cqi ok fb `ýtruolb lotifudcikot mut|bt& s u|cfc}bpdik pceip fb ckaiphbdcôki`|okclb lo fit holcit lodihukcdbdcôk& bpeuhok|bkli

fbt ~pi~cbt ~pi~uot|bt sdik|pbt|âklifbt dik i|pbtbf|opkb|cqbt ruo ~uolbk~potok|bpto+

:+ Dih~poklop ruo fb dcokdcb s fb|ãdkcdb tik lit âh`c|it hât lo fbbddcôk juhbkb s ruo& ~ip |bk|i&|cokok ukb lchoktcôk ã|cdbckduot|cikb`fo& clok|cacdbkli fit~pckdc~bfot dikafcd|it hipbfot lof

hukli bd|ubf& ok ot~odcbf fit



0<

pofb|cqit b Bklbfudèb *pot~o|i ~ipof holci bh`cok|o& ckhcepbdcôk&o|d+#& s b~podcbkli of ~b~oflotoh~oòbli ~ip fb @ciã|cdb ok fb

loaoktb lo fb lcekclbl lo fbt~optikbt+

3+ Podikidop fb ozct|okdcb lodikafcd|it s of ~b~of lo fbdihukclbl ck|opkbdcikbf ok tupotifudcôk& podjb}bp fbttc|ubdcikot ruo eokopbkokapok|bhcok|it ok|po fbt~optikbt s fit ~bètot&qbfipbkli fb ~bp|cdc~bdcôk

juhbkc|bpcb ~bpb ~bfcbp fbtdiktoduokdcbt lo fbt euoppbt+

2>+ Bkbfc}bp of dbhckipodippcli jbdcb fb ceubflbl lolopodjit lo fbt humopot spodjb}bp fbt tc|ubdcikot lolctdpchckbdcôk s qcifokdcb lofbt ruo tik qèd|chbt&lct|ckeucokli fit lct|ck|itabd|ipot lo lctdpchckbdcôk sbli~|bkli bd|c|ulot lo|ifopbkdcb jbdcb fbt lcaopokdcbtã|kcdbt& fckeöèt|cdbt& duf|upbfots lo ipcok|bdcôk tozubf& ok|poi|pbt+

22+ Ofb`ipbp ckaiphot s~bp|cdc~bp ok lo`b|ot ti`poduot|cikot ~pi`fohâ|cdbt lo fbqclb di|clcbkb ok of huklibd|ubf *okapok|bhcok|it`ãfcdit& tc|ubdcikot lo

lctdpchckbdcôk& dbtit loqcifokdcb dik|pb fbt humopot&o|d+#& u|cfc}bkli dik pceip fitholcit lo dihukcdbdcôk s fbt|odkifieèbt lo fb ckaiphbdcôk~bpb diktifclbp bd|c|ulot|ifopbk|ot s tifclbpcbt+

20+ _|cfc}bp s qbfipbp oflcâfiei s fb bpeuhok|bdcôkdihi ~pidolchcok|i pbdcikbf

~bpb potifqop dikafcd|it& ~bpb



0?

mut|cacdbp fbt ~pi~cbt~itcdcikot ã|cdbt i poau|bp fbtbmokbt& ~bp|cdc~bkli lo aiphblohidpâ|cdb s dii~opb|cqb ok

fbt bd|cqclblot lof dok|pi s lofok|ipki+

Dih~o|okdcb Duf|upbf sBp|èt|cdb *DsB#

</

< Lopodjit dèqcdit s~ifè|cdit+ Lopodjitodikôhcdit& tidcbfot sduf|upbfot+ Fbtlcaopokdcbt tidcbfot sduf|upbfot+ Podjb}i lofbt bd|c|ulot lock|ifopbkdcb& ckmut|cdcb sozdfutcôk+ Fb

dii~opbdcôk s fithiqchcok|it loaoktipotlo fit lopodjitjuhbkit+

3+ Abd|ipot s dbutbt lofit okapok|bhcok|ittidcbfot& duf|upbfot spofcecitit+ Fit dikafcd|itbphblit s fb bd|ubdcôk lofb dihukclbl

ck|opkbdcikbf ok tupotifudcôk+ Podjb}i lo fbqcifokdcb s lo fb euoppb+Fb ~b} dihi ozceokdcbã|cdb+ B~podci ~ip fbtipebkc}bdcikotjuhbkc|bpcbt+


Lo hbkopb |pbktqoptbf+


4+ Clok|cacdbp fbt ~pckdc~bfot |oipèbtã|cdbt& bkbfc}bkli dpè|cdbhok|o fb

dik|pc`udcôk lo dblb ukb bfpodikidchcok|i lo fbt fc`op|blot sfit lopodjit lo fbt ~optikbt+



01

Dih~o|okdcb ~bpbB~poklop b B~poklop*BB#

0>/


2+ Podikidop fit pbteit `âtcdit lofb hipbfclbl juhbkb ok tu

~pâd|cdb cklcqclubf s tidcbf&bdo~|bkli fb ~pi~cb clok|clbls qbfipbkli fb lcekclbl s fbfcòp|bl lo fbt ~optikbt dihiofohok|it cklct~oktb`fot ok tudpodchcok|i s hblupo}+

0+ Lotbppiffbp s oz~potbp fittok|chcok|it s fbt ohidcikot&btè dihi fbt jb`cfclblotdihukcdb|cqbt s tidcbfot ruo

~ophc|ok ~bp|cdc~bp okbd|cqclblot lo epu~i dikbd|c|ul tifclbpcb s |ifopbk|o&u|cfc}bkli of lcâfiei s fbholcbdcôk s fbt kuoqbt|odkifieèbt ~bpb bìplbp fitdikafcd|it+

4+ Lotbppiffbp fb ckcdcb|cqb ~optikbfbtuhcokli pot~iktb`cfclblot s~pbd|cdbp aiphbt lo

dikqcqokdcb s ~bp|cdc~bdcôk`btblbt ok of pot~o|i& fbdii~opbdcôk s fb |ifopbkdcb+

3+ Blrucpcp jâ`c|it lo ot|ulci s lo|pb`bmi cklcqclubf s ok oruc~i&lotbppiffbkli jb`cfclblot sbd|c|ulot ruo abqipo}dbk fbhblupo} cklcqclubf s tidcbf&qbfipbkli fb ~bp|cdc~bdcôk okfb qclb ~ifè|cdb i ok i|pbtaiphbt lo dii~opbdcôk

dculblbkb+Dpc|opcit lo Oqbfubdcôk=

22+ Ofbìpbp ckaiphot s~bp|cdc~bp ok lo`b|ot ti`poduot|cikot ~pi`fohâ|cdbt lo fbqclb di|clcbkb ok of huklibd|ubf *okapok|bhcok|it`ãfcdit& tc|ubdcikot lo

lctdpchckbdcôk& dbtit lo



05

qcifokdcb dik|pb fbt humopot&o|d+#& u|cfc}bkli dik pceip fitholcit lo dihukcdbdcôk s fbt|odkifieèbt lo fb ckaiphbdcôk

~bpb diktifclbp bd|c|ulot|ifopbk|ot s tifclbpcbt+

20+ _|cfc}bp s qbfipbp oflcâfiei s fb bpeuhok|bdcôkdihi ~pidolchcok|i pbdcikbf~bpb potifqop dikafcd|it& ~bpb

mut|cacdbp fbt ~pi~cbt~itcdcikot ã|cdbt i poau|bp fbtbmokbt& ~bp|cdc~bkli lo aiphblohidpâ|cdb s dii~opb|cqb ok

fbt bd|cqclblot lof dok|pi s lofok|ipki+

Bu|ikihèb o Ckcdcb|cqbôptikbf *BC^#

2?/

\ILBT SOTÔDÈACDBHOK\O OK=

2 Clok|clbl ~optikbf sdifod|cqb+ Aiphbtjct|ôpcdbt lo clok|clbldifod|cqb= lo fb |pcù b fblohidpbdcb ~bp|cdc~b|cqbbd|ubf+ Pot~o|i b fbt

lcaopokdcbt cklcqclubfots b fb lcqoptclbl loduf|upbt+


2+ Podikidop fit pbteit `âtcdit lofb hipbfclbl juhbkb ok tu~pâd|cdb cklcqclubf s tidcbf&bdo~|bkli fb ~pi~cb clok|clbls qbfipbkli fb lcekclbl s fbfcòp|bl lo fbt ~optikbt dihiofohok|it cklct~oktb`fot ok tu

dpodchcok|i s hblupo}+0+ Lotbppiffbp s oz~potbp fit

tok|chcok|it s fbt ohidcikot&btè dihi fbt jb`cfclblotdihukcdb|cqbt s tidcbfot ruo~ophc|ok ~bp|cdc~bp okbd|cqclblot lo epu~i dikbd|c|ul tifclbpcb s |ifopbk|o&u|cfc}bkli of lcâfiei s fbholcbdcôk s fbt kuoqbt|odkifieèbt ~bpb bìplbp fit



0:

dikafcd|it+

4+ Lotbppiffbp fb ckcdcb|cqb ~optikbfbtuhcokli pot~iktb`cfclblot s

~pbd|cdbp aiphbt lodikqcqokdcb s ~bp|cdc~bdcôk`btblbt ok of pot~o|i& fbdii~opbdcôk s fb |ifopbkdcb+

3+ Blrucpcp jâ`c|it lo ot|ulci s lo|pb`bmi cklcqclubf s ok oruc~i&lotbppiffbkli jb`cfclblot sbd|c|ulot ruo abqipo}dbk fbhblupo} cklcqclubf s tidcbf&qbfipbkli fb ~bp|cdc~bdcôk okfb qclb ~ifè|cdb i ok i|pbt

aiphbt lo dii~opbdcôkdculblbkb+


2+ Lotdu`pcp tut tok|chcok|it okfbt pofbdcikot ck|op~optikbfot&pb}ikbp fbt hi|cqbdcikot lo tutdiklud|bt s ofoddcikot s ~pbd|cdbpof lcâfiei ok fbt tc|ubdcikot lo

dikafcd|i+0+ Clok|cacdbp fit pbteit ~pi~cit lofb hipbfclbl juhbkb *qbfip& lo`op&kiphb& dikdcokdcb&pot~iktb`cfclbl&bu|ikihèb)jo|opikihèb& o|d+#&b~fcdbpfit bf bkâfctct lo fb ~pi~cb~optikbfclbl s lcaopokdcbp fit~pckdc~bfot ~pi`fohbt hipbfot+

CKQOK\BPCI LOF LO^BP\BHOK\I

Of Lo~bp|bhok|i lo Acfitiaèb ki |coko hb|opcbf ckqok|bpcb`fo+ @âtcdbhok|o kuot|pi hb|opcbf tofchc|b b ukit fc`pit lo |oz|it abdcfc|blit ~ip fbt olc|ipcbfot s b i|pit fc`pit lo diktuf|b dihilcddcikbpcit lo acfitiaèb+



03


"Dbh`cit tidcbfot s kuoqbt pofbdcikot lo eãkopi+"

4½ LO O+T+I+ D_PTI 0>22(0>2

Of Lodpo|i 2>1)2330& lo 3 lo mukci& ~ip of ruo to ot|b`fodok fbt oktoòbk}bt dippot~iklcok|ot

b fb Oludbdcôk Toduklbpcb ok Bklbfudèb& hilcacdbli ~ip of Lodpo|i 2<:)0>>0& lo 2< lohbsi& lct~iko ruo of duppcdufuh lo ot|b o|b~b oludb|cqb dih~poklb hb|opcbt i~|b|cqbt ruo~ophc|bk pot~iklop b fit ck|opotot s kodotclblot lof bfuhkbli& bh~fcbp fbt ~itc`cfclblot lotu ipcok|bdcôk& abdcfc|bp tu |pbktcdcôk b fb qclb bd|cqb s dik|pcùcp bf lotbppiffi lo fbtdb~bdclblot eokopbfot b fbt ruo to poacopok fit i`mo|cqit lo ot|b o|b~b+

Dik ~it|opcipclbl& fb Iplok lo 02 lo ao`popi lo 0>>>& ~ip fb ruo to poeufb fb i~|b|cqclbl ok fbo|b~b lo Oludbdcôk Toduklbpcb I`fceb|ipcb& acmô fbt aukdcikot s ipebkc}bdcôk lo fbi~|b|cqclbl& lo|ophckbkli fb iaop|b lo hb|opcbt i~|b|cqbt dippot~iklcok|ot b dblb uki lo fitduptit lo ot|b o|b~b oludb|cqb+

Fb hbsip ceubflbl ok|po jih`pot s humopot& ruo ~uolo i`topqbpto ok fb dpodcok|o ~bp|cdc~bdcôk

lo fbt humopot ok lcaopok|ot otdokbpcit —fbìpbf& ~ifè|cdi& lihãt|cdi& bdblãhcdi& duf|upbf(& kitcoh~po to bdih~bòb lo dbh`cit duf|upbfot ruo jbebk ~itc`fo fb cklo~oklokdcb s bu|ikihèblo fbt humopot+ Of po|i lo jbdop oaod|cqb fb ceubflbl ok fb tidcolbl bklbfu}b kit i`fceb b~pihiqop& lotlo of âh`c|i oludb|cqi& of lotbppiffi lo hilofit lohidpâ|cdit lo pofbdcikot loeãkopi

Of ^fbk lo Bddcôk lof Ei`copki Bklbfu} dik|pb fb qcifokdcb jbdcb fbt humopot& b~pi`bli ~ipbduopli lof Diktomi lo Ei`copki lo 1 lo kiqcoh`po lo 0>>2& podieèb& ok|po tut holclbt si`mo|cqit& fb lo dpobp ukb btcekb|upb lo dbpâd|op i~|b|cqi ok fb O+T+I+& lcpceclb b aihok|bp fbtpofbdcikot hât ceubfc|bpcbt ok|po jih`pot s humopot+

îp offi& dik cklo~oklokdcb lof dbpâd|op |pbktqoptbf b |ilbt fbt hb|opcbt ruo jb lo |okop fboludbdcôk ~bpb fb ceubflbl& ot ch~ip|bk|o ~itc`cfc|bp& holcbk|o ukb kuoqb hb|opcb i~|b|cqb& fbozct|okdcb lo uk |coh~i ot~odèacdi ok of ruo poafozcikbp s ~piauklc}bp ti`po fb ceubflbl loeãkopi& lo hbkopb ruo to dik|pcùsb bf lotbppiffi ~optikbf o ck|oepbf lo fit bfuhkit sbfuhkbt& btè dihi b uk ~pisod|i lo tidcolbl hât fc`po s hât pot~o|uitb jbdcb fbt ~optikbt sruo abqipo}db fb dikqcqokdcb tidcbf+

îp |ili offi& s ok qcp|ul lo fit ot|b`fodclit ok fb Lct~itcdcôk Ackbf ^pchopb lof Lodpo|i2<:)0>>0& lo 2< lo hbsi& ~ip fb ruo to bu|ipc}b b fb Diktomopèb lo Oludbdcôk s Dcokdcb ~bpblcd|bp fbt lct~itcdcikot ruo tobk ~podctbt ~bpb fb b~fcdbdcôk lo fi lct~uot|i ok of hcthi&



4>


"Dbh`cit tidcbfot s kuoqbt pofbdcikot lo eãkopi+"

4½ LO O+T+I+ D_PTI 0>22(0>2

CK\PIL_DDCÔK

Fb hbsip ceubflbl ok|po jih`pot s humopot ruo ~uolo i`topqbpto ok fb dpodcok|o ~bp|cdc~bdcôklo fbt humopot ok lcaopok|ot otdokbpcit —fbìpbf& ~ifè|cdi& lihãt|cdi& bdblãhcdi& duf|upbf( kitcoh~po to bdih~bòb lo dbh`cit cloifôecdit ruo jbebk ~itc`fo fb cklo~oklokdcb sbu|ikihèb lo fbt humopot& kc lo |pbktaiphbdcikot ot|pud|upbfot ruo tit|okebk kuoqit hilofitlo pofbdcikot lo eãkopi+

Fb fcòp|bl lo i~dcikot abhcfcbpot& tozubfot& aiphb|cqbt& fbìpbfot& o|d+& `btbhok|i lo kuot|pbtlohidpbdcbt& b~bpodo qofblb bf qopto dib~|blb ~ip fb auop}b lo fit hilofit duf|upbfot loeãkopi lihckbk|ot+ Fb tidcolbl ot~bòifb& ok of po|i lo jbdop oaod|cqb fb ceubflbl ok|pojih`pot s humopot& to okduok|pb lo ot|b aiphb dik ch~ip|bk|ot dik|pblcddcikot& ruopo~opdu|ok ok fbt pofbdcikot ck|op~optikbfot b |ilit fit kcqofot s ~piqidbk ruo fit dbh`cit okfit hilofit lo pofbdcikot lo eãkopi to qcqbk dik |oktcôk s hbfot|bp ~ip of lotbaèi b fbtpofbdcikot lo ~ilop ruo ffoqbk b~bpomblit+ Of pc|hi bdofopbli lo fit dbh`cit ~ifè|cdit&tidcbfot s odikôhcdit ok fb tidcolbl ot~bòifb jb ~piqidbli& blohât& ukb ch~ip|bk|o `podjbeokopbdcikbf liklo dikqcqok hilofit hus lcqoptit s lct|bk|ot lo pofbdcikot lo eãkopi+ Fbhbsip aiphbdcôk o cklo~oklokdcb odikôhcdb lo fbt humopot hât môqokot& ki tôfi jb~pi~cdcbli of dbh`ci ok tut aiphbt lo qclb& ck|opotot s bt~cpbdcikot& tcki ruo i`fceb b

dbh`cit ok of hilofi lo hbtdufckclbl dikt|pucli ok pofbdcôk b humopot ruo sb ki ozct|ok+ Okdiktoduokdcb to jbdo kodotbpci poloackcp fit ~b~ofot tidcbfot lo jih`pot s humopot ok ofhbpdi lo fbt pofbdcikot ok|po ceubfot+

Bk|o fb pobfclbl lotdpc|b s ~bp|cokli lof ~pckdc~ci lo ceubflbl ok|po jih`pot s humopot&diktbepbli ok kuot|pb Dikt|c|udcôk s ok of Ot|b|u|i lo Bu|ikihèb ~bpb Bklbfudèb& to jbdokodotbpci ck|opqokcp lo aiphb oz~fèdc|b ~bpb ~pi~cdcbp of lotbppiffi ck|oepbf lo bfuhkit sbfuhkbt ok ceubflbl& tu~opbkli of ~oti lo fb |pblcdcôk s fit ~pomucdcit+ Fb ~pi~cb ckdfutcôk lofbt oktoòbk}bt ‖|pbktqoptbfot‘ ok fit dik|okclit duppcdufbpot& ok|po fbt ruo to okduok|pb fb

Oludbdcôk ~bpb fb Ceubflbl lo i~ip|ukclblot lo bhìt tozit& tc|ýb ot|b ~bpdofb ok uk âh`c|ioludb|cqi ~pcipc|bpci+ ôpi& bk|o fb upeok|o kodotclbl lo dih~oktbp fbt btcho|pèbt lo eãkopi

~optct|ok|ot ok kuot|pb tidcolbl& ruo to hbkcacot|bk |ilbqèb ok dbtit lo `pu|bf qcifokdcb dik|pb



42

fbt humopot& ot ch~ip|bk|o dik|oh~fbp& ok fb ipebkc}bdcôk lo fbt oktoòbk}bt& fb ozct|okdcb lo uk|coh~i ot~odèacdi ok of ruo poafozcikbp s ~piauklc}bp ti`po fb ceubflbl ok|po jih`pot shumopot& b |pbqãt lo ukb hb|opcb dusit dik|okclit duppcdufbpot tcpqbk bf lotbppiffi lo ukbdculblbkèb dik ceubf lopodji b fb fcòp|bl s bu|ikihèb ~optikbf+

Fb hb|opcb ‖Dbh`cit tidcbfot s kuoqbt pofbdcikot lo eãkopi‘ ~po|oklo li|bp bf bfuhkbli lo fbtdfbqot kodotbpcbt ~bpb dih~poklop fit ~pidotit lo dbh`ci ok fit ruo ot|â ckhopti& bf |coh~iruo dik|pcùso b lotbppiffbp fbt db~bdclblot toòbfblbt ok fit i`mo|cqit eokopbfot lo fb o|b~b&ot~odcbfhok|o bruoffit ruo abqipodok of orucfc`pci ~optikbf s baod|cqi& fbt pofbdcikotck|op~optikbfot s fb cktopdcôk tidcbf s ~piaotcikbf+ Ot|b hb|opcb ~uolo ~pot|bp ukb qbfcitbdik|pcùdcôk b fb tidcbfc}bdcôk ok ceubflbl lo fit bfuhkit s bfuhkbt ok|oklcokli tu lotbppiffi~optikbf dihi uk lotbppiffi ck|oepbf s tckeufbp lo |ilbt tut ~i|okdcbfclblot —ohidcikbfot&pbdcikbfot& dpob|cqbt& o|d+(& s bf dih~pihcti ~optikbf s tidcbf dik of hbsip lotbppiffilohidpâ|cdi+

îp fi |bk|i& ot|b hb|opcb ot|â dikdo`clb ~bpb lotbppiffbp db~bdclblot ok of bfuhkbli ok lit

tok|clit auklbhok|bfot+ îp uk fbli& ~pihuoqo fb ceubflbl ok of ~pidoti lo tidcbfc}bdcôk&abqipodcokli of lotbppiffi ~optikbf lo fit bfuhkit s fbt bfuhkbt& bacphbkli tut db~bdclblot lobu|ikihèb s oqc|bkli hilofit ch~opb|cqit ýkcdit ruo dikt|pcòbk+ To |pb|b lo oludbp ~bpb fbceubflbl podikidcokli fb tckeufbpclbl lo humopot s jih`pot+ îp i|pi fbli& ~po|oklo dik|pcùcpb fb dih~poktcôk s bkâfctct lo fb eãkotct tidcifôecdb& odikôhcdb o jct|ôpcdb lo fb lotceubflblok|po fit tozit s fit fiepit lof hiqchcok|i aohckct|b ok fb loaoktb lo fb ceubflbl& pofbdcikbklio ck|oepbkli fit lcqoptit âh`c|it lo fb oz~opcokdcb juhbkb dik dikdo~|it s ~pi`fohbt lolct|ck|it dbh~it lo fb duf|upb s lcaopok|ot aiphbt lo tbòp+ Iapodo& btè& fb ~itc`cfclbl lodikidop dôhi to jbk dikaceupbli s mopbpruc}bli fit ot|opoi|c~it tidcbfot btidcblit b jih`pots humopot& bkbfc}bkli dpè|cdbhok|o fbt dbutbt ruo fit jbk hi|cqbli& tut ~pckdc~bfot dbkbfot lo|pbkthctcôk s fit hi|cqit lo tu ~opqcqokdcb s po~piluddcôk& btè dihi dikidop& jbdop qctc`fo sqbfipbp fb dik|pcùdcôk lo fbt humopot b fb duf|upb+

I@MO\CQIT

Fit i`mo|cqit lo fb hb|opcb "Dbh`cit tidcbfot s kuoqbt pofbdcikot lo eãkopi"& ok fb OludbdcôkToduklbpcb I`fceb|ipcb loòk ok|oklopto dihi b~ip|bdcikot ~bpb fb diktodudcôk lo fiti`mo|cqit eokopbfot lo o|b~b+

Fb oktoòbk}b lo ot|b hb|opcb |oklpâ dihi i`mo|cqi dik|pcùcp b lotbppiffbp ok fit bfuhkit sbfuhkbt fbt tceucok|ot db~bdclblot=

Podikidop fb lctdpchckbdcôk dihi qufkopbdcôk lo fit Lopodjit Juhbkit& lo fbDikt|c|udcôk Ot~bòifb s bf Ot|b|u|i lo Bu|ikihèb ~bpb Bklbfudèb+

Poafozcikbp ti`po fb kodotclbl ã|cdb lo fb ceubflbl ok|po jih`pot s humopot dihi ~pohctb~bpb fb dikt|puddcôk lo pofbdcikot hât mut|bt o ceubfc|bpcbt+

Qbfipbp fit oh~oòit ~ip fiepbp ukb oaod|cqb ceubflbl s of pot~o|i b fit lopodjitcklcqclubfot s difod|cqit lo fbt ~optikbt s epu~it& cklo~oklcok|ohok|o lo tu tozi s loi|pbt lcaopokdcbdcikot —pb}b& duf|upb& pofcecôk& tozubfclbl(+

Dih~poklop of aukdcikbhcok|i lof tct|ohb tozi(eãkopi dihi ukb dikt|puddcôk tidci(duf|upbf ruo dikaceupb fbt clok|clblot hbtdufckb s aohokckb& ~pi~cdcbkli ofdikidchcok|i lo uki hcthi dihi tumo|i tidcbf s abqipodcokli fb dih~poktcôk s ofbdopdbhcok|i b fb pobfclbl lof i|pi)b+



40

Clok|cacdbp pbdcikbf s ohidcikbfhok|o fb ckmut|cdcb ruo jbk tuapcli jct|ôpcdbhok|o s býktuapok fbt humopot+

Ok|oklop of tozcthi dihi uk ~pi`fohb lo lotceubflbl tidcbf ruo |coko tut pbèdot ok fbot|pud|upb tidci(odikôhcdb s ok fbt cloifieèbt lo eãkopi ruo ch~poekbk kuot|pbduf|upb+

Clok|cacdbp fit dih~ip|bhcok|it s fbt bd|c|ulot qcifok|bt jbdcb fbt humopot bli~|bkli ukb~it|upb dpè|cdb s lo lokukdcb bk|o fit hcthit+

Podikidop fit ~pckdc~bfot i`t|âdufit ruo ch~clok fb ceubflbl lo i~ip|ukclblot ok|pohumopot s jih`pot& ot|chufbkli of pot~o|i b fb tckeufbpclbl+

B~podcbp of okpcruodchcok|i ruo tu~ikok fbt pofbdcikot ceubfc|bpcbt ok|po jih`pot shumopot& btuhcokli of otauop}i ruo ch~fcdb orucfc`pbp fbt pofbdcikot lo ~ilop+

Lotbppiffbp fb tifclbpclbl jbdcb fbt humopot ok |bk|i difod|cqi ruo tuapo fb lctdpchckbdcôk&lotdu`pcãklito dihi tumo|i lo pot~iktb`cfclbl hipbf+

Abqipodop fb potifudcôk lo dikafcd|it lopcqblit lo fbt lcaopokdcbt lo eãkopi& lotbppiffbklifbt db~bdclblot lo otdudjb& lcâfiei s koeidcbdcôk s ~i|okdcbkli fb db~bdclbl lopoafozcôk s bkâfctct ok of omopdcdci lof pb}ikbhcok|i hipbf+

Poafozcikbp ti`po fit diklcdcikbhcok|it tidcbfot lo eãkopi ok of lotbppiffi ~optikbf s lofbt ~pi~cbt bd|c|ulot s dih~ip|bhcok|it tozct|bt& bli~|bkli ukb ~it|upb dpè|cdb apok|o bfit hcthit ruo abqipo}db uk lotbppiffi ck|oepbf s bu|ôkihi lo fb ~optikbfclbl& bfhbpeok lo fb ~op|okokdcb b uki u i|pi tozi+

Qbfipbp fb dik|pcùdcôk ~optikbf ok fb fudjb dik|pb fb lotceubflbl lo eãkopi& |bk|i ok fbtbd|c|ulot s i~dcikot ~optikbfot dihi ok fb ~opdo~dcôk lo tè hcthi dihi tumo|i lo

|pbktaiphbdcôk tidcbf+

DIK\OKCLIT

To ok|coklo ~ip dik|okclit |bk|i fit dikdo~|ubfot dihi fit ~pidolchok|bfot s bd|c|ulckbfot sto oz~iklpâk b dik|ckubdcôk ok ot|o iplok+

Fit dik|okclit dikdo~|ubfot to ~potok|bk ot|pud|upblit ok dckdi kýdfoit lo lcaopok|ot|ohâ|cdbt s lct|ck|it kcqofot lo dih~fomclbl& b |pbqãt lo fit ruo to jbdo ukb lotdpc~dcôk lofit bt~od|it pofoqbk|ot ruo to |pb|bpâk& ~pcipc|bpcb ~opi ki ozdfutcqbhok|o& ok fb hb|opcb+ îpfi |bk|i& lcdjit bt~od|it loòk |ihbpto dihi uk hbpdi lo poaopokdcb& ki dihi ukclblot

lclâd|cdbt doppblbt+Ok fb tofoddcôk lo fit dik|okclit to jbk |okcli ok duok|b fbt b~ip|bdcikot lo lcaopok|ot âpobtlo dikidchcok|i s lctdc~fckbt dcok|èacdbt+ Fb db|oeipèb ruo tcpqo lo omo b ot|b hb|opcb ot fb lotct|ohb lo eãkopi& ~ipruo ~itc`cfc|b bf bfuhkbli dih~poklop dôhi ot|o tct|ohb ckdclo ok fitbdik|odchcok|it jct|ôpcdit o ch~poekb |pbktqoptbfhok|o |ilit fit âh`c|it tidci(duf|upbfot+ Fitdik|okclit b~bpodopâk ck|oppofbdcikblit& ok of ck|ok|i lo dih~poklop fb ~itcdcôk lo humopot sjih`pot ok fb tidcolbl bd|ubf s fb oqifudcôk jct|ôpcdb lo ãt|b ok fb `ýtruolb lo fb ceubflblok|po fit tozit+

Of ~pchop kýdfoi lo dik|okclit ~fbk|ob fb fcòp|bl s fb ceubflbl dihi ~pckdc~cit ã|cdit ok~ophbkok|o dikt|puddcôk& ~potok|b fb ot~odcacdclbl lo fb lotceubflbl lo eãkopi dihi aiphb

lo lctdpchckbdcôk jbdcb fbt humopot o ck|piludo dikdo~|it dihi tozi(eãkopi& ~b|pcbpdbli&



44

bklpidok|pcthi& hctieckcb& o|d+& diktclopblit dihi ukb joppbhcok|b bkbfè|cdb ruo ~ophc|obli~|bp ukb ~opt~od|cqb dpè|cdb pot~od|i b fb cloifieèb tozubf+ Ot|o kýdfoi to lotbppiffb lotlofb poafozcôk ã|cdb s acfitôacdb& ok dubk|i ruo dihcok}b ~ip toòbfbp s lokukdcbp fblctdpchckbdcôk jct|ôpcdb jbdcb fbt humopot s fb ch~ip|bkdcb ã|cdb lo fb ceubflbl dihi uk

~poâhùfi s& b fb qo}& of omo diklud|ip lo |ilb fb hb|opcb+ îp i|pi fbli& to ~potok|bk fitdikdo~|it |oôpcdit lo fb ~opt~od|cqb lo eãkopi s fb kodotclbl lo tu u|cfc}bdcôk ok of bkâfctctlo fb ceubflbl)lotceubflbl lo eãkopi ~bpb fiepbp uk ozbhok s oz~fipbdcôk ki bklpidãk|pcdi& sdihi uk ~uk|i lo ~bp|clb `âtcdi ~bpb lotbppiffit ~it|opcipot lo fb hb|opcb+ Ok ot|o tok|cli to~uolok diktclopbp ot|it dik|okclit dihi ck|pilud|ipcit+

Of toeukli s |opdop kýdfoi ~piauklc}bk ok of lotbppiffi lo fb ~optikbfclbl lotlo ukb~opt~od|cqb ~tcdi(tidcbf& ruo |coko ok duok|b fb dikt|puddcôk lof eãkopi& b |pbqãt lof ot|ulcilof b~poklc}bmo lo fit ~b~ofot lo eãkopi s lof bkâfctct lo fb mopbpruc}bdcôk lo lcdjit ~b~ofotok fb tidcolbl dik|oh~ipâkob+ Ot|it dik|okclit okebp}bk dik lctdc~fckbt dcok|èacdbt dihi fb^tcdifieèb& fb Tidcifieèb s fb Bk|pi~ifieèb s ~ophc|ok ukb dih~poktcôk bh~fcb lo bt~od|it

pofbdcikblit dik fb ipebkc}bdcôk tidcbf s lo i|pit lo dbpâd|op tch`ôfcdi ruo ck|opqcokok ok oflotbppiffi lo fb ~optikbfclbl lo bhìt tozit ok fbt tidcolblot dik|oh~ipâkobt+

Of ýf|chi kýdfoi ~potok|b uk podippcli jct|ôpcdi ok of dbhcki jbdcb fb ceubflbl ok|po jih`pots humopot& ckcdcbli jbdo |pot tcefit ~ip fbt humopot& bkbfc}bkli bruoffbt |pbktaiphbdcikottidcbfot& ~ifè|cdbt s duf|upbfot ruo jbk tcli s tik ~pihiqclbt ~ip fbt humopot+ Ot|b ~bp|o todok|pb& ~ip uk fbli& ok fbt pocqcklcdbdcikot lo fbt humopot s fb dikruct|b lo tut lopodjit jbt|bkuot|pit lèbt dik fbt b~ip|bdcikot lo fit hiqchcok|it aohckct|bt dik|oh~ipâkoit& ~ip fi ruopofbdcikb jodjit jct|ôpcdit s poafozcikot ã|cdi(~ifè|cdbt+ îp i|pi fbli& to bìplb& lotlo fbpoafozcôk ã|cdb& fb kodotclbl lo tu~opbp dcop|it ~pomucdcit& ~bpb |pbktaiphbp ukb mopbpruèb loqbfipot ruo ch~clo fb diktodudcôk lo uk hukli hât mut|i+

Lblb fb ck|oplctdc~fckbpcolbl ck|pèktodb b fit bt~od|it lo eãkopi& b |pbqãt lo ot|b hb|opcbi~|b|cqb to ~ilpâk |pb|bp fit dik|okclit lotlo fb hc|ifieèb& fb fc|opb|upb& fbt pofcecikot& fbjct|ipcb& of bp|o& of hukli lof |pb`bmi& fb ipcok|bdcôk ~piaotcikbf& fbt pofbdcikot ck|op~optikbfot&o|d+ ~opi tcoh~po tck ~oplop fb ~opt~od|cqb ã|cdb dusi jipc}ik|o ot uk hukli ok of ruo fbthumopot s fit jih`pot tobk db~bdot lo dikqcqcp ok fcòp|bl& ceubflbl& mut|cdcb s ~b}+

Dik|okclit dikdo~|ubfot

C+( Lotceubflbl s lctdpchckbdcôk lo fbt humopot+

- Fb fcòp|bl& fb bu|ikihèb s fb db~bdclbl lo ~pisod|bpto s top luoòi i luoòb lo tè+

- Ceubflbl s lcaopokdcb+

- Lcaopokdcb tozi(eãkopi+ Dikt|puddcôk tidcbf lof eãkopi+ ^b|pcbpdbli s bklpidok|pcthi+

- Hc|it& ~pomucdcit s ot|opoi|c~it lo tozi(eãkopi ok fb duf|upb ~b|pcbpdbf+

- Of tozcthi s i|pbt aiphbt lo lctdpchckbdcôk+ Fb qcifokdcb lo eãkopi dihi ukbhbkcaot|bdcôk lof tozcthi+

CC+( Fb dikt|puddcôk tidcbf lo fb clok|clbl lo eãkopi+

- Of ~pidoti lo tidcbfc}bdcôk s fb ck|opcipc}bdcôk lo ~b~ofot lo eãkopi+ \pbkthctcôk loot|opoi|c~it lo tozi(eãkopi b |pbqãt lo fit lcqoptit beok|ot lo tidcbfc}bdcôk s fb po~piluddcôk

tidcbf lo fb lotceubflbl+



4<

- Of tozcthi ok of fokeubmo+ Of ~b~of lof fokeubmo ok fb dihukcdbdcôk juhbkb& ok fbpo~potok|bdcôk lof hukli& ok fb poeufbdcôk lo diklud|bt s ok fb dikt|puddcôk lo clok|clblothbtdufckbt s aohokckbt+

- Fb `c~ifbpclbl ~ip fb ruo to dikt|pusok fbt lcaopokdcbdcikot lo eãkopi= ot|opoi|c~it lohbtdufckclbl s lo aohckclbl& lo hb|opkclbl s lo ~b|opkclbl+ Tu~opbdcôk lo fb `c~ifbpclbl&`ýtruolb lo ~b~ofot bf|opkb|cqit+

- Eãkopi s pofbdcikot baod|cqbt s tozubfot ok|po fit jih`pot s humopot+ Jo|opitozubfclbl sjihitozubfclbl+

- Fbt pofbdcikot lo ~ilop ok fbt pofbdcikot baod|cqi(tozubfot+ Fb qcifokdcb lihãt|cdb=diklud|bt s bd|c|ulot lo dik|pif& hbf|pb|i ~tcdifôecdi s hbf|pb|i aètcdi+

CCC+ Fit ~b~ofot lo eãkopi s tu mopbpruc}bdcôk ok uk hukli efi`bfc}bli+

- Lcqctcôk tozubf lof |pb`bmi ok fbt tidcolblot lotbppiffblbt s lotceubf bddoti bf huklifb`ipbf+

- Lcaopokdcb ok of bddoti lo jih`pot s humopot b fit lcqoptit âh`c|it lof dikidchcok|i slof ~ilop+

- Fb dikt|puddcôk tidcbf lo fb tozubfclbl ok fb tidcolbl lo diktuhi s fit ~b~ofot btcekblitb jih`pot s humopot+

- Fbt lcaopokdcbt Kip|o) Tup s fb aohckc}bdcôk lo fb ~i`po}b+

- _|cfc}bdcôk lof pofb|cqcthi duf|upbf s fb loaoktb lo fb |pblcdcôk ~bpb mut|cacdbp fb qufkopbdcôklo fit lopodjit juhbkit lo fbt humopot+

CQ+( Of dbhcki jbdcb fb Ceubflbl ok|po jih`pot s humopot+

- Fb Cfut|pbdcôk s fb pocqcklcdbdcôk ukcqoptbfct|b lo lopodjit s fc`op|blot+ ^bp|cdc~bdcôk lo fbthumopot ok fb Poqifudcôk Apbkdotb s b~bpcdcôk lo uk ~oktbhcok|i aohckct|b+

- Hiqchcok|i aohckct|b s i|pit hiqchcok|it tidcbfot lof t+ ZCZ+ Of tuapbecthi+ Fb c}rucoplbs fbt pocqcklcdbdcikot aohckct|bt+

- Oqifudcôk lo fb ceubflbl lo i~ip|ukclblot lo jih`pot s humopot ok of t+ ZZ+ Of aohckcthilo fit bòit 5> s fit aohckcthit dik|oh~ipâkoit+

- Of aohckcthi dihi uk ~pisod|i ã|cdi(~ifè|cdi+ Lctdpchckbdcôk ~itc|cqb&Ck|opkbdcikbfc}bdcôk lof hiqchcok|i aohckct|b+

- Kuoqbt aiphbt lo top jih`pot s humopot& lotbppiffi lohidpâ|cdi s |pbktaiphbdcôk tidcbf+

Dik|okclit ̂ pidolchok|bfot

( Lo|oddcôk& bkâfctct o ck|op~po|bdcôk dpè|cdb lo fb chbeok ot|opoi|c~blb lo jih`pot s lo fbhumopot ok of fokeubmo& fb ~u`fcdclbl& of dcko s \+Q+

( Bkâfctct lo fit ~b~ofot lotoh~oòblit ~ip fbt humopot s fit jih`pot& tut ~pckdc~bfotdbpbd|opèt|cdbt ok lcaopok|ot ã~idbt jct|ôpcdbt s lo|oddcôk lo mut|cacdbdcikotbklpidãk|pcdbt lo fit hcthit ok fb hc|ifieèb& fb fc|opb|upb& fb acfitiaèb& fbt pofcecikot& fbdcokdcb& o|d+



4?

( @ýtruolb& tofoddcôk s u|cfc}bdcôk lo ckaiphbdcikot pofb|cqbt b duot|cikot lo bd|ubfclblti`po bt~od|it lo lotceubflbl ok|po fit tozit ok fb ~poktb s ok i|pbt auok|ot lockaiphbdcôk+

( @ýtruolb& bkâfctct o ck|op~po|bdcôk dpè|cdb lo fb ckaiphbdcôk ti`po fb ~potokdcb i butokdcblo humopot s jih`pot ok hb|opcbfot lclâd|cdit& `c`fciepâacdit s auok|ot jct|ôpcdbtlcqoptbt+

( Fod|upb& dih~poktcôk s dihok|bpci lo |oz|it lo lcqoptb èklifo *fc|opbpcit& acfitôacdit&jct|ôpcdit& dcok|èacdit& o|d+# pofb|cqit b ceubflbl)lotceubflbl ok fbt pofbdcikot lo eãkopi+

( Fod|upb& ck|op~po|bdcôk lo dublpit ot|blèt|cdit s ofbìpbdcôk lo epâacdit ti`po fbtc|ubdcôk tidciodikôhcdb lo bhìt tozit ok Ot~bòb& ok i|pit ~bètot lo fb _kcôkOupi~ob s ok fit lof \opdop Hukli+

( Bkâfctct dih~bpb|cqi lo fit lb|it ot|blèt|cdit ti`po fb tc|ubdcôk lo fbt humopot oklct|ck|it ~bètot& Ot~bòb s Bklbfudèb *tc|ubdcôk fbìpbf& po~bp|i lo |bpobt lihãt|cdbt&toepoebdcôk ~piaotcikbf& ~potokdcb ok kcqofot lo lodctcôk& hbf|pb|i s qcifokdcb lo eãkopi&o|d+#+

( @ýtruolb& tèk|otct s oz~itcdcôk lo fb ckaiphbdcôk i`|okclb ok lcqoptbt auok|ot sipebkc}bdcikot *Ck|opko|& btidcbdcikot lo humopot& ~bp|clit ~ifè|cdit& bsuk|bhcok|it&~poktb& ~piepbhbt |ofoqctcqit& o|d+# ~bpb clok|cacdbp fbt tc|ubdcikot lo lotceubflbl ok|pofit tozit s fbt holclbt ~pi~uot|bt i bli~|blbt ~ip fbt ckt|c|udcikot ~bpb dippoecpfbt+

( ^po~bpbdcôk s pobfc}bdcôk lo lo`b|ot ti`po duot|cikot dik|piqop|clbt s lcfohbt hipbfotlo fbt pofbdcikot ck|op~optikbfot ok|po fit bfuhkit s fbt bfuhkbt& oz~ikcokli fbti~ckcikot s mucdcit ~pi~cit lo aiphb bpeuhok|blb+

( Bkâfctct s potifudcôk lo lcfohbt hipbfot s dikafcd|it lo qbfipot ~potok|ot ok tc|ubdcikot

~ý`fcdbt s ~pcqblbt liklo ck|opqokeb fb qbpcb`fo eãkopi+

( Omopdc|bdcôk ok fb |ihb lo lodctcikot tchufblbt ti`po duot|cikot ruo dikffoqok~itcdcikot ã|cdbt lcaopokdcblbt ok fbt pofbdcikot lo eãkopi+

( Blcot|pbhcok|i ok of pb}ikbhcok|i fôecdi(hipbf s ok fb db~bdclbl dpè|cdb+

( Lotbppiffi lo fb db~bdclbl lo |pb`bmi ok oruc~i s lo ~bp|cdc~bdcôk+

( Hbkomi s uti lo uk fokeubmo ki tozct|b& |bk|i ipbf dihi otdpc|i& aihok|bkli jb`cfclblotlo bpeuhok|bdcôk s lo dihukcdbdcôk+

Dik|okclit Bd|c|ulckbfot

( Toktc`cfc}bdcôk ti`po fb pobfclbl tidcbf lo lotceubflbl ok|po jih`pot s humopot

( Bd|c|ul dpè|cdb apok|o b fit ot|opoi|c~it tozct|bt ok fit holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk+

( B|okdcôk s duclbli ok of uti lo oz~potcikot tozct|bt+

( Podjb}i lo fit ~pomucdcit s ot|opoi|c~it hctôeckit s bklpidãk|pcdit+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fbt ck|op~po|bdcikot lo dbpâd|op ki bklpidãk|pcdi ti`po fit bdik|odchcok|itjct|ôpcdit s tidcbfot+



41

( Ck|opãt ~ip dikidop fb ~bp|cdc~bdcôk lo fbt humopot ok fb duf|upb s ok fb jct|ipcb+

( Dih~poktcôk jbdcb fbt ~optikbt lo lct|ck|i tozi& pot~o|i hu|ui o ceubflbl lo |pb|i ok fbtpofbdcikot baod|cqbt ok|po fit môqokot lo bhìt tozit+

( Bd|c|ul ~itc|cqb jbdcb fbt ofoddcikot& |bk|i ~optikbfot dihi ~piaotcikbfot& ki

diklcdcikblbt ~ip pb}ôk lo tozi s pot~o|i b fb bu|ikihèb ~optikbf+

( B~podci ~ip of lcâfiei s fb dii~opbdcôk s podjb}i lo fbt diklud|bt qcifok|bt eokopblbt~ip of tct|ohb lo tozi(eãkopi+

( Lotbppiffi lo fb db~bdclbl lo otdudjb ok of lcâfiei s fb dikapik|bdcôk lo i~ckcikot+

( Lotbppiffi lo ukb bd|c|ul ~itc|cqb s bd|cqb bk|o fb dippot~iktb`cfclbl lo jih`pot shumopot ok of âh`c|i lihãt|cdi+

( Ck|opãt ~ip dikidop fb ipebkc}bdcôk tidcbf ok aukdcôk lof tozi ok i|pbt duf|upbt s fb

tc|ubdcôk lo fbt humopot ok offbt+( Pot~o|i s dih~poktcôk lo i|pbt duf|upbt& podjb}bkli ~it|upbt o|kidãk|pcdbt s pofb|cqct|bt

ruo ~po|oklbk mut|cacdbp fb lotceubflbl lo eãkopi+

( Podjb}i lo |ili ck|ok|i lo mut|cacdbdcôk lo fbt lctdpchckbdcikot lo eãkopi sot~odcbfhok|o lo fbt tc|ubdcikot ruo tu~ikok ukb qcifbdcôk lo fit lopodjit juhbkit+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo holclbt& |bk|i ckt|c|udcikbfot dihi lo epu~i i cklcqclubfot& ruodikaceupok bf|opkb|cqbt ~bpb fiepbp fb ceubflbl ok|po fit tozit+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb ceubflbl ok|po jih`pot s humopot dihi diklcdcôk kodotbpcb ~bpb oflotbppiffi s fb ~b} huklcbf& btè dihi ~bpb of hbsip lotbppiffi lohidpâ|cdi+

( Dih~pihcti ~optikbf dik fit ~pckdc~cit s qbfipot hipbfot lo ceubflbl s lcaopokdcb lo

fbt ~optikbt cklo~oklcok|ohok|o lo tu tozi+

( Tifclbpclbl dik fbt humopot qèd|chbt lo fb lotceubflbl lo eãkopi+

IPCOK\BDCIKOT HO\ILÔFIECDBT

\bk|i ~ip fb lcqoptclbl lo fit dik|okclit ruo to bìplbk ok ot|b ~pi~uot|b& dihi ~ip ofhbpdi ck|oplctdc~fckbp lo poaopokdcb ~pi~ci lo fbt duot|cikot lo eãkopi& fb hb|opcb to ~pot|b bokairuot qbpcblit ruo qbk lotlo ~fbk|obhcok|it lctdc~fckbpot (lotlo fb Acfitiaèb s fbJct|ipcb& lotlo fb ^tcdifieèb s fb Ã|cdb& lotlo fb Fc|opb|upb& of Bp|o& fb Fckeöèt|cdb& o|d+( b i|pitlo dbpâd|op ck|oepbli o ck|oplctdc~fckbp ok fit ruo to ~potok|o s bkbfcdo fb pobfclbl lotlolcaopok|ot ~opt~od|cqbt+ Ki i`t|bk|o& to loò |pb`bmbp fb dikt|puddcôk tidci(duf|upbf lof eãkopidik poaopokdcbt jct|ôpcdbt& bk|pi~ifôecdbt s lo fb pobfclbl di|clcbkb lof bfuhkbli&~itc`cfc|bkli ukb dih~poktcôk lo fit bk|odolok|ot s fb oqifudcôk lo fb tidcolbl bd|ubf s lofbt qcqokdcbt ~pi~cbt lo fb blifotdokdcb& lo |bf aiphb ruo fb hb|opcb duh~fb ukb aukdcôkckaiphb|cqb o ck|opqokeb ok of lotbppiffi ~optikbf lof bfuhkbli+ Tck lombp lo fbli fbch~ip|bkdcb lo fit dik|okclit dikdo~|ubfot& ~bpb of |pb|bhcok|i lo ot|b hb|opcb loòk |okoptook duok|b ot~odcbfhok|o fit dik|okclit ~pidolchok|bfot s bd|c|ulckbfot+

Tck lotduclbp of bkâfctct lo pobfclblot tidcodikôhcdbt s fb ckaiphbdcôk s poqctcôk dpè|cdbti`po jodjit jct|ôpcdit& to b|oklopâ ok ~bp|cdufbp b bruoffit ~pidolchcok|it ruo abdcfc|ok oflcâfiei ok|po ceubfot& s ruo ~pidupok fb lo|oddcôk& dpè|cdb s podjb}i lo ot|opoi|c~it s



45

~pomucdcit tozct|bt& qbfipbkli ~itc|cqbhok|o fit dbh`cit tidcbfot s)i ~optikbfot ruoabqipo}dbk fb ceubflbl ok|po fbt ~optikbt+ Btè& of bfuhkbli ~ilpâ ck|oepbp tcekcacdb|cqbhok|okuoqit b~poklc}bmot ruo fo bsulok b dih~poklop fit dbh`cit tidcbfot& pofb|cqit b fit ~b~ofotlotoh~oòblit ~ip jih`pot s humopot ok fb bd|ubfclbl& s lotdu`pcpto b tè hcthi dihi tumo|i

bd|cqi lo ot|bt |pbktaiphbdcikot& lotbppiffbkli ukb bd|c|ul b`cop|b s dii~opbk|o jbdcb offbt+B fi fbpei lof ~pidoti lo b~poklc}bmo to ~pidupbpâ& lo ot|o hili& fb blructcdcôk lo uk hèkchipceip |oôpcdi ok of ~fbk|obhcok|i lo fbt duot|cikot ~bpb auklbhok|bp fbt ~it|upbt ~optikbfot itu |pbktaiphbdcôk+ Of bfuhki s fb bfuhkb topâk ~pi|beikct|bt lo fb dikt|puddcôk lo tub~poklc}bmo s oz~opchok|bpâk s lotbppiffbpâk tu bu|ikihèb diekc|cqb& baod|cqb s hipbf+

Ot|b ~pi~uot|b ho|ilifôecdb ~po|oklo bìplbp fb Oludbdcôk ~bpb fb Ceubflbl lotlo fb~opt~od|cqb lo lit ~pisod|it ã|cdit bd|ubfot& aohckcthi s ~bdcacthi& o ck|oepbkli fbOludbdcôk Tok|chok|bf s fb Oludbdcôk ok Qbfipot ~bpb fb Dikqcqokdcb dik ukb Oludbdcôkpbdcikbf s dpè|cdb ~bpb fb |pbktaiphbdcôk tidcbf+ ^bpb offi& fb ho|ilifieèb lo ot|b hb|opcb toloò dok|pbp ok fb tofoddcôk lo poduptit hb|opcbfot s fb ofbìpbdcôk lo bd|cqclblot s

lckâhcdbt lo epu~i ruo to `btok ok of ~fbk|obhcok|i dikt|pud|cqct|b s ok of okairuo tidci(baod|cqi& ruo ok|coklok of b~poklc}bmo dihi uk ~pidoti lckâhcdi lo dikt|puddcôk ~optikbf&|bk|i pbdcikbf dihi ohidcikbf& s lotlo ~itcdcikot lo podikidchcok|i o ceubflbl+ To ~po|okloruo fbt bd|cqclblot s lckâhcdbt dikt|pusbk& lotlo fb ~opt~od|cqb lo eãkopi& uk dikidchcok|iti`po ukb pobfclbl tidcbf ckmut|b& s& lotlo of okairuo tidci(baod|cqi& ~i|okdcok fb ~bp|obaod|cqb s qcqokdcbf b fb jipb lo bapik|bp fb |pbktaiphbdcôk tidcbf+ Of okairuo tidci(baod|cqiki lot~podcb of b~poklc}bmo ck|ofod|ubf& tcki ruo fi dih~fohok|b& ~ophc|cokli ruo ok of~pidoti oludb|cqi |iho ~bp|o fb ~optikb ok tu |i|bfclbl+

^bpb ruo of b~poklc}bmo tob tcekcacdb|cqi ot ch~ip|bk|o& b fb jipb lo ~fbkcacdbp fbt bd|cqclblots lckâhcdbt lo oktoòbk}b s b~poklc}bmo& ~bp|cp lo fit dikidchcok|it& bd|c|ulot s qbfipot&oz~od|b|cqbt o ck|opotot lo fit bfuhkit s bfuhkbt+ To ck|ok|bpâ& btè& ~piqidbp of dikafcd|idiekc|cqi s baod|cqi ok of bfuhkbli& ruo ~ophc|cpâ fb ipebkc}bdcôk lo |bfot ofohok|it ok ukb~opt~od|cqb blodublb b fit i`mo|cqit ~fbk|oblit+ Ok ot|o tok|cli& ot kodotbpci dik|bp dik ofkcqof lo dikdo~|ubfc}bdcôk s of |c~i lo aiphbdcôk ruo fit blifotdok|ot |cokok ok pofbdcôk dikfit aokôhokit lo ceubflbl(lotceubflbl lo eãkopi+ Eokopbfhok|o& tu qctcôk lo ot|it jodjittidcbfot iòlodok b fit |ô~cdit s ot|opoi|c~it tidci(duf|upbfot hât oz|oklclit+Diktoduok|ohok|o& b fb jipb lo ~fbkcacdbp fbt bd|cqclblot lo oktoòbk}b s ok fb ~pi~cb ~pâd|cdblof bufb& ot ~podcti dpobp tc|ubdcikot ok fbt ruo otbt qctcikot ot|opoi|c~blbt s toteblbt ti`pofbt pofbdcikot lo eãkopi to ~ikebk lo hbkcacot|i& ~bpb btè ~ilop tiho|opfbt b dpè|cdb sdik|pbt|bpfbt dik hilofit lo po~potok|bdcôk hât bmut|blit b fb pobfclbl s hât pceupitit+ To~uolo ~bp|cp lo fb ~pi~cb pobfclbl lof bfuhkbli *abhcfcbp& otdifbp i lo pofbdcikot

ck|op~optikbfot# i lo fit holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk lo hbtbt& ~bpb bkbfc}bp fit ot|opoi|c~ittozubfot jb`c|ubfot s& ~it|opciphok|o& pofbdcikbpfit dik bfeukb hbkcaot|bdcôk lo fb duf|upb|pblcdcikbf& i`topqbkli fit ot|opoi|c~it& tut dih~ikok|ot s ~opqcqokdcb ~bpb foec|chbp of~b|pcbpdbli ok ukb ã~idb& ok uk hc|i u i`pb fc|opbpcb& bp|èt|cdb& acfitôacdb i dcok|èacdblo|ophckblb& s dikod|bpfit lot~uãt dik uk bdik|odchcok|i jct|ôpcdi dikdpo|i+ îp tu~uot|i& of~pidoti lo b~poklc}bmo ~uolo top pobfc}bli ok tok|cli ckqopti ~opi dikqcoko |okop ok duok|bdihi joppbhcok|b auklbhok|bf& b fb jipb lo ~fbkcacdbp lcdji ~pidoti lo b~poklc}bmo& fboqbfubdcôk ckcdcbf s fb dikozcôk lo fit dikdo~|it blrucpclit dik fb qcqokdcb ~optikbf lofbfuhkbli& tc|ubdcikot di|clcbkbt oz~opchok|blbt s jodjit lo bd|ubfclbl+

Dikqcoko |okop ok duok|b fb lcqoptclbl lof bfuhkbli& |bk|i lotlo uk okairuo diekc|cqi dihibd|c|ulckbf& b fb jipb lo ~fbkcacdbp fbt bd|cqclblot ~bpb blodubpfbt b tu epbli lo hblupo} s btu kcqof lo dikidchcok|it+ ^bpb offi topâ kodotbpci ~poqop bd|cqclblot qbpcblbt s lct~ikop lo



4:

hb|opcbfot lo lcaopok|o kcqof lo dih~fomclbl s ti`po |ohbt lct|ck|it& dik fb li`fo ackbfclbl lo~pihiqop of ck|opãt ~ip fbt duot|cikot ~fbk|oblbt s ebpbk|c}bp tu blodubli ~pidoti lob~poklc}bmo+ ûolok top lo epbk u|cfclbl fit bp|èdufit lo ~poktb s fit hb|opcbfot bulciqctubfotbd|ubfot *châeokot |ofoqctcqbt& ~ofèdufbt lo bd|ubfclbl& dihcdt& dbkdcikot& o|d+#+ \bh`cãk topâ

lo ck|opãt of hbkomi lo ot|blèt|cdbt s lb|it ti`po fb tc|ubdcôk lo fbt humopot ok lcqoptitâh`c|it+ Topèb |bh`cãk kodotbpci dik|bp dik ukb ùokb podi~cfbdcôk lo |oz|it lo lcqoptbkb|upbfo}b *fc|opbpcit& lo dbpâd|op hc|ifôecdi& acfitôacdi& bk|pi~ifôecdi i jct|ôpcdi# pofb|cqit bfb chbeok lo fb humop+

Fit dik|okclit ki loòk ~potok|bpto dihi bfei bdb`bli s loackc|cqi ruo fbt bfuhkbt sbfuhkit jbsbk lo btuhcp |bf dubf& tcki ruo jbk lo ~potok|bp of dbpâd|op lo ~pi`fohbtlclâd|cdit& dikdc`cãklito dihi uk dikmuk|i lo ~poeuk|bt ruo of epu~i ~fbk|ob& jbdo tusbt s~pidupb cp potifqcokli ok of |pbktdupti lo fbt bd|cqclblot+ Tc to btuhok fbt ukclblotlclâd|cdbt dihi fb `ýtruolb lo pot~uot|bt b ukit ck|oppiebk|ot& dikqoklpèb dihok}bp dikbd|cqclblot ck|pilud|ipcbt ruo ~piqiruok ck|oppiebk|ot s qckdufok diekc|cqb s baod|cqbhok|o

bf bfuhkbli& ~bpb ~btbp b dik|ckubdcôk b i|pbt bd|cqclblot lo lotbppiffi ruo ~ophc|bk fb`ýtruolb s fb ck|op~po|bdcôk lo lcaopok|ot ckaiphbdcikot b |pbqãt lo fb ckqot|cebdcôk(bddcôk ok of bufb+ Poduppcpohit b |ãdkcdbt ho|ilifôecdbt fýlcdbt (pif ~fbscke& muoei& po~potok|bdcôklo bpruo|c~it( ~bpb ~piludcp uk b~poklc}bmo oz~opcokdcbf s qcqokdcbf& |bk|i lo aiphb difod|cqbdihi cklcqclubf+ Offi to bdih~bòbpâ dik fb poafozcôk b ~bp|cp lo fb lctdutcôk ti`po lcfohbthipbfot i of bkâfctct lo lcaopok|ot hb|opcbfot ti`po fb pobfclbl tidcbf dik|pcùsokli lo ot|baiphb b eokopbp uk kuoqi dikidchcok|i+ Ot ch~ip|bk|o ruo& ok fbt bd|cqclblot s lckâhcdbt lob~poklc}bmo& of lcâfiei pbdcikbf s topoki |okeb uk ~oti dok|pbf+ ^bpb offi to aihok|bpâ of|pb`bmi ok oruc~i& fb oz~itcdcôk pb}ikblb lo fbt ~pi~cbt i~ckcikot s of lotbppiffi lo fbdb~bdclbl lo otdudjb lo fbt i~ckcikot lo i|pit s i|pbt+ Ot ck|opotbk|o cp hât bffâ lof |pb`bmiok epu~i i oruc~i holcbk|o aiphbt lo ipebkc}bp of b~poklc}bmo ruo |bh`cãk aihok|ok

bd|c|ulot dihi fb dii~opbdcôk s fb tifclbpclbl& ~ip fi ruo to bdiktomb fb u|cfc}bdcôk lo|ãdkcdbt lo b~poklc}bmo dii~opb|cqi+

Fb ~fbkcacdbdcôk lo fbt bd|cqclblot& |okcokli ok duok|b ot|bt ot|pb|oecbt ho|ilifôecdbt&fiepbpâ ukb dih`ckbdcôk ok|po fb oz~opchok|bdcôk qcqokdcbf s fb dih~poktcôk ck|ofod|ubf&~ophc|cokli ruo of ~pidoti oludb|cqi ch~fcruo b fb ~optikb ok tu |i|bfclbl+ _k ~pidoti lob~poklc}bmo okdbhckbli b ruo of bfuhki i bfuhkb to lotdu`pb b tè hcthi dihi tumo|i lo|pbktaiphbdcôk ~optikbf s tidcbf& dik ukit dih~pihctit ã|cdit jb lo toeucp |pot hihok|it=tok|cp& ~oktbp s bd|ubp+ Of dikidchcok|i ck|ofod|ubf s qcqokdcbf lo ukb pobfclbl tidcbf otch~ip|bk|o& kodotbpci& ~opi ki tuacdcok|o+ Of dikidchcok|i& |bk|i ck|ofod|ubf dihi ohidcikbf&lo fb ckmut|cdcb s lo fb lctdpchckbdcôk ki ffoqb lcpod|bhok|o bf dbh`ci lo bd|c|ulot+ Lo ~idi

topqcpèb tok|cp s ~oktbp fb ckmut|cdcb tc ki fi dikdpo|bhit ok bddcikot ruo ùtruok |pb`bmbp ~ipfb mut|cdcb& to ruolbpèb ok ukb oz~opcokdcb ck|chct|b i& dihi hudji& epu~bf& ~opi ki~i|okdcbpèb of dbh`ci+ Btè& to ~po|oklopâ ruo tupmbk lo fbt ~pi~cbt lckâhcdbt& aiphbt s~pi~uot|bt lo bd|ubdcôk dikdpo|b ~ip ~bp|o lo fit ~pi~cit ~bp|cdc~bk|ot& ch~uftbkli btè tudb~bdclbl chbeckb|cqb s dpob|cqb& s ruo tut pb}ikbhcok|it s i~ckcikot |pbtdcoklbk bf âh`c|ilo fit dih~ip|bhcok|it+

Fb bh~fc|ul s lcqoptclbl lo fit dik|okclit ~pi~uot|it ~bpb ot|b hb|opcb& tu dbpâd|ophuf|clctdc~fckbp s fit lct|ck|it kcqofot lo poafozcôk s bkâfctct ok ruo to ~potok|bk& lombkb`cop|b fb ~itc`cfclbl lo lcaopok|ot |c~it lo ipebkc}bdcôk& toduokdcbdcôk s dikdpodcôk lo fithcthit+ Fb ot|pud|upbdcôk lo dik|okclit& ~pi~uot|b ok of db~è|ufi bk|opcip& ki ch~fcdb okb`tifu|i uk |pb|bhcok|i ~ip to~bpbli s dik ot|b hcthb toduokdcb lo fit hcthit& tcki ruo toloò ot|b`fodop ok|po offit pofbdcikot ruo fit jbebk ck|oepbpto s dikqcoko |pb`bmbpfit lo aiphb



43

ck|oppofbdcikblb+ Dblb ~piepbhbdcôk blb~|bpâ fit `firuot lo dik|okcli b ukb toduokdcb lo_kclblot Lclâd|cdbt& ruo ~ilpâk dikaceupbpto dik afozc`cfclbl& ~opi b|okcãklito b fiti`mo|cqit eokopbfot ruo to jbk ot|b`fodcli+ Dblb _kclbl Lclâd|cdb ~ilpâ ck|oepbp dik|okclitlo lct|ck|it `firuot lbli fbt ck|oppofbdcikot ruo to ~uolok ot|b`fodop ok|po offit+

Dikqcoko toòbfbp ruo ki |ilit fit dik|okclit lo fb hb|opcb porucopok uk |pb|bhcok|i lo fbhcthb ck|oktclbl+ Of ~piaotipbli loòpâ tofoddcikbp bruoffit ruo fo ~bpo}dbk ~pcipc|bpcit~bpb fb diktodudcôk lo fit i`mo|cqit ~pi~uot|it& ~poqcokli ukb epblubdcôk b fi fbpei lofdupti ~bpb& b ~bp|cp lo duot|cikot hât dikdpo|bt& cp buhok|bkli ~piepotcqbhok|o of epbli lob`t|pbddcôk& efi`bfclbl s eokopbfc}bdcôk+

DPC\OPCIT LO OQBF_BDCÔK

Ok ot|o b~bp|bli to ot|b`fodok dpc|opcit ruo bsulok b qbfipbp tc of bfuhkbli lotbppiffb fbtdb~bdclblot ~pi~uot|bt+ Ot|it dpc|opcit lo oqbfubdcôk ohbkbk lo fb mut|cacdbdcôk ruo to jb

pobfc}bli lo fb hb|opcb s lo fit i`mo|cqit s dik|okclit aiphufblit+Fb oqbfubdcôk loòpâ pobfc}bpto pot~od|i b dik|okclit dikdo~|ubfot ruo to qbk lotbppiffbkli bfi fbpei lof dupti s |bh`cãk pot~od|i b fit ~pidolchok|bfot s bd|c|ulckbfot+ Fb oqbfubdcôk lofbt bd|c|ulot blrucpclbt ot diktclopblb uk bt~od|i auklbhok|bf ~bpb holcp of fiepi lo fbtdb~bdclblot ~pi~uot|bt ok ot|b hb|opcb s to ~ilpâ pobfc}bp holcbk|o fb u|cfc}bdcôk lo |ãdkcdbti`topqbdcikbfot ok |ilbt fbt bd|cqclblot ruo to ffoqok b dbì ok of bufb+

Fit dpc|opcit lo oqbfubdcôk ruo to ot|b`fodok tik fit tceucok|ot=

† Ti`po fb blructcdcôk lo dikdo~|it `âtcdit=

( Dikidop& dih~poklop s lct|ckeucp dikdo~|it `âtcdit= tozi(eãkopi& tozcthi&~b|pcbpdbli& bklpidok|pcthi& hctieckcb& ~pomucdci& ot|opoi|c~i& tidcbfc}bdcôk& pif tidcbf&o|d+

( Bkbfc}bp dpè|cdbhok|o fit hc|it o cloifieèbt ruo jbk ~po|oklcli jct|ôpcdbhok|ofoec|chbp of ~b|pcbpdbli+

( Dih~poklop fb ckafuokdcb lo fbt lct|ck|bt ckt|bkdcbt ok fb aiphbdcôk s |pbkthctcôk lohilofit ot|opoi|c~blit ~bpb uki s i|pi tozi+

( Clok|cacdbp bt~od|it `âtcdit lo fb lcqctcôk tozubf lof |pb`bmi s dih~poklop tutdiktoduokdcbt ~bpb fb ceubflbl ok|po bhìt tozit+

( Dikidop fb lcaopok|o ~bp|cdc~bdcôk lo jih`pot s humopot ok fit |pb`bmit lihãt|cdit soz~fcdbpfb dihi uk abd|ip `âtcdi lo fb lotceubflbl ok|po fit tozit+

( Lct|ckeucp s lo|od|bp aiphbt lo dih~ip|bhcok|i s bd|c|ulot ruo to ~uolbk diktclopbphbfit |pb|it s abf|b lo pot~o|i jbdcb fbt humopot& ok tut pofbdcikot ck|op~optikbfot+

( Dikidop s qbfipbp of ~b~of lo fbt humopot b fi fbpei lo fb jct|ipcb s tu iduf|bdcôk ok fbjct|ipcb |pbkthc|clb+

( Podikidop fb lcqoptclbl lo tc|ubdcikot lctdpchckb|ipcbt jbdcb fbt humopot&pofbdcikâklifbt dik qbpcb`fot odikôhcdbt& ~ifè|cdbt s duf|upbfot+



<>

( Clok|cacdbp fbt ~pckdc~bfot dikruct|bt lof fit hiqchcok|i aohckct|b s qbfipbp tutb~ip|bdcikot ~bpb of lotbppiffi lo fit tct|ohbt lohidpâ|cdit+

( Bkbfc}bp fb tidcolbl dik|oh~ipâkob dihi ukb tidcolbl dih~fomb s ok|pbktaiphbdcôk& liklo humopot s jih`pot ot|âk blrucpcokli kuoqbt ~itcdcikot s ok fbruo to ot|âk poloackcokli fit ~b~ofot lo eãkopi+

† Ti`po fb blructcdcôk lo jb`cfclblot ckt|puhok|bfot `âtcdbt=

( Pofbdcikbp fit b~poklc}bmot dikdo~|ubfot blrucpclit dik fb ~pi~cb oz~opcokdcb~optikbf s tidcbf+ Dih~poktcôk s b~fcdbdcôk lo dikdo~|it b fb pobfclbl tidcbf s~optikbf+

( Podikidop s lo|od|bp fit ot|opoi|c~it tozubfot s aiphbt tu|cfot lo tozcthi ruo~optct|ok ok of holci tidcbf+

( Lotbppiffbp lot|po}bt s jâ`c|it lo pb}ikbhcok|i s bpeuhok|bdcôk lo fbt ~pi~cbt clobt&

qbfipbkli fb db~bdclbl lo bkâfctct s tèk|otct+

( Ipebkc}bp fb oz~itcdcôk pb}ikblb lo clobt ~optikbfot ~bpb of lo`b|o& fb poafozcôkdifod|cqb s fb ~uot|b ok dihýk& qbfipbkli fb oz~potcôk s dihukcdbdcôk ipbf+

( Dik|pbt|bp lcqoptbt auok|ot lo ckaiphbdcôk& tofoddcikbp ckaiphbdcôk pofoqbk|o sbkbfc}bpfb dpè|cdbhok|o lotlo fb ~opt~od|cqb lo eãkopi+

( ^bp|cdc~bp ok lcâfieit s lo`b|ot& oz~ikcokli lo aiphb auklbhok|blb fbt ~pi~cbt~it|upbt& otdudjbkli s pot~o|bkli fbt i~ckcikot lo fit i|pit+

† Ti`po fb blructcdcôk lo bd|c|ulot s diklud|bt=

( \pb`bmbp dii~opb|cqbhok|o dik dih~bòopit s dih~bòopbt s ~bp|cdc~bp bd|cqbhok|o ok|ilbt fbt ~pi~uot|bt ffoqblbt b db`i ok of bufb+

( _|cfc}bp uk fokeubmo dippod|i s ki tozct|b ok |ilbt fbt bd|cqclblot+

( Hit|pbp bd|c|ulot lo pot~o|i o ceubflbl lo |pb|i ok fb ck|oppofbdcôk ok|po djcdit sdjcdbt+

( Hbkcaot|bp ukb bd|c|ul dpè|cdb s lo podjb}i bk|o fb lctdpchckbdcôk ok eokopbf s fb loeãkopi& ok ~bp|cdufbp+

( Qbfipbp fb ceubflbl ok|po jih`pot s humopot s of otauop}i pobfc}bli ~ip hudjbt humopot~bpb diktoeucpfb+

( Hbkcaot|bp bd|c|ulot lo pot~o|i s tifclbpclbl jbdcb fbt qèd|chbt lo fb lotceubflbl loeãkopi+

Ckt|puhok|it lo Oqbfubdcôk

µ I`topqbdcôk tct|ohâ|cdb= otdbfbt lo i`topqbdcôk s lcbpcit lo dfbto hus ch~ip|bk|ot ~bpb fit~pidolchcok|it s bd|c|ulot+

µ ^puo`bt ot~odèacdbt= oz~itcdcôk ipbf lo uk |pb`bmi ~ip |pchot|po pobfc}bli ok epu~i s auopb

lof jipbpci lo dfbtot& ti`po fit hb|opcbfot b~ip|blit ok fbt dfbtot |oôpcdbt s duclbkli fboz~potcôk s fb ip|iepbaèb+



<2

µ Pobfc}bdcôk& |pbt dblb ukclbl lclâd|cdb& lo ukb ~puo`b otdpc|b+

µ Bkâfctct lo ~piluddcikot= dublopki lo dfbto dik fb pobfc}bdcôk lo |ilbt fbt bd|cqclblot

lcbpcbt+

( Fb btct|okdcb b dfbto to qbfipbpâ toeýk fit dpc|opcit ot|b`fodclit ~ip of dok|pi+

µ Ck|opdbh`cit= btbh`fobt& ~uot|b ok dihýk s omopdcdcit lo tchufbdcôk+Ot|o ýf|chi ckt|puhok|i kit topâ ceubfhok|o ý|cf ~bpb oqbfubp fb oktoòbk}b ~pbd|cdblb s ~bpbck|piludcp fbt homipbt kodotbpcbt ok fb ~piepbhbdcôk+

Ok ukb btcekb|upb dik fbt dbpbd|opèt|cdbt ~pi~cbt lo Dbh`cit Tidcbfot s Kuoqbt Pofbdcikot loEãkopi& diktclopbhit ruo loòk |okop hât ~oti fit ~pidolchcok|it s fbt bd|c|ulot ruo fitdikdo~|it+ Qbhit b qbfipbp hât fi ruo of bfuhki)b tbò jbdop s tu aiphb lo top sdih~ip|bpto dihi ~optikb hcoh`pi lof bufb& ruo fb hopb po~o|cdcôk lo fit lb|it ockaiphbdcikot ruo fo b~ip|bhit ok fbt dfbtot |oôpcdbt+ Ok dblb ukclbl lclâd|cdb pobfc}bpohitukb topco lo bd|cqclblot dik of i`mo|i lo dih~pi`bp fb btchcfbdcôk lo fit dik|okclit~pidolchok|bfot s bd|c|ulckbfot+ Ot|i ki tcekcacdb of hokit~podci lo fit dik|okclitdikdo~|ubfot& tcki tu tuìplckbdcôk b fit lit bk|opcipot+

µ Dikdo~|it8 0>/µ ^pidolchcok|it8 <>/µ Bd|c|ulot8 <>/

DIK\OKCLIT HÈKCHIT LO FB BTCEKB\_PB+

† @firuo 2= Of tct|ohb tozi(eãkopi s fb dikt|puddcôk tidcbf lo fbt clok|clblothbtdufckb s aohokckb+

† @firuo 0= Bkâfctct lo fb lotceubflbl s tc|ubdcikot lo lctdpchckbdcôk lo fbthumopot+

† @firuo 4= Pofbdcikot s tok|chcok|it+† @firuo <= Qctc`cfc}bdcôk lo fbt humopot+† @firuo ?= Qcifokdcb dik|pb fbt humopot+

*@IMB& IPLOK lo 2> lo beit|i lo 0>>5#

2+ Of tct|ohb tozi(eãkopi s fb dikt|puddcôk tidcbf lo fbt clok|clblot hbtdufckb saohokckb+

2+ Dikdo~|it ̀ âtcdit=2+ Lcaopokdcb tozi ( eãkopi+0+ ^b|pcbpdbli+4+ Bklpidok|pcthi+<+ Aohckcthi+?+ Hbdjcthi& hcdpihbdjcthit+1+ Joh`pcthi+5+ Tozcthi+



<0

:+ Hc|it& ot|opoi|c~it s ~pomucdcit lo tozi(eãkopi+3+ Qcifokdcb lo eãkopi+2>+ Ceubflbl s lcaopokdcb+22+ Fb ceubflbl ok fit Lopodjit Juhbkit& fb Dikt|c|udcôk s of

Ot|b|u|i lo Bu|ikihèb ~bpb Bklbfudèb+0+ Of ~pidoti lo tidcbfc}bdcôk= Ck|opcipc}bdcôk lo fit ~b~ofot lo eãkopi+ Fb

dikt|puddcôk lo fb clok|clbl hbtdufckb s aohokckb+2+ \pbkthctcôk lo ot|opoi|c~it s ~pomucdcit tozct|bt b |pbqãt lo fit

beok|ot lo tidcbfc}bdcôk= bkâfctct lo fit duok|it& mueuo|ot s muoeit7bkâfctct lof fokeubmo otdpc|i& ipbf s bulciqctubf+

0+ Hilofit abhcfcbpot+ Ot|opoi|c~it lo hbtdufckclbl& aohckclbl&hb|opkclbl& ~b|opkclbl+

4+ Lo|oddcôk& bkâfctct o ck|op~po|bdcôk dpè|cdb lo fb chbeokot|opoi|c~blb lo fit jih`pot s fbt humopot ok of fokeubmo&~u`fcdclbl& dcko s |ofoqctcôk+

4+ Podjb}i lo fit ~pomucdcit s ot|opoi|c~it hctôeckit s bklpidãk|pcdit+<+ Fbt clok|clblot hbtdufckb s aohokckb ok fb blifotdokdcb+ Diktoduokdcbt

ok of ~pisod|i lo qclb+0+ Bkâfctct lo fb lotceubflbl s tc|ubdcikot lo lctdpchckbdcôk lo fbt humopot+

2+ Toktc`cfc}bdcôk ti`po fb pobfclbl tidcbf lo lotceubflbl ok|po jih`pot shumopot+

0+ Lcqctcôk tozubf lof |pb`bmi s lotceubf bddoti bf hukli fbìpbf= |pb`bmi~pilud|cqi s âh`c|i ~ý`fcdi& |pb`bmi po~pilud|cqi s âh`c|i ~pcqbli+Bkâfctct lo fb po~potok|bdcôk lo jih`pot s humopot ok fit âh`c|it ~ý`fcdis ~pcqbli+ Fbt dbutbt lo fb lotceubf lct|pcùdcôk lo |coh~it s ot~bdcit lo

jih`pot s humopot+ ôpacfot ~piaotcikbfot ~ip tozit+4+ @podjb lcec|bf lo eãkopi+<+ Ck|opãt ~ip dikidop fb ipebkc}bdcôk tidcbf ok aukdcôk lof tozi ok i|pbt

duf|upbt s fb tc|ubdcôk lo fbt humopot ok offbt+ Fbt lcaopokdcbt Kip|o)Tup sfb aohckc}bdcôk lo fb ~i`po}b+

?+ @ýtruolb& tofoddcôk s u|cfc}bdcôk lo ckaiphbdcikot lo bd|ubfclbl ruooqclokdcok tc|ubdcikot lo lotceubflbl ok|po fit tozit b |pbqãt lo auok|otipbfot& otdpc|bt s bulciqctubfot+

1+ Fod|upb& ck|op~po|bdcôk lo dublpit ot|blèt|cdit& ofbìpbdcôk lo epâacdit sbkâfctct dih~bpb|cqi ti`po fb tc|ubdcôk lo jih`pot s humopot ok pofbdcôk bfit lct|ck|it bt~od|it ot|ulcblit+

5+ @ýtruolb& tèk|otct s oz~itcdcôk lo fb ckaiphbdcôk i`|okclb b |pbqãt loauok|ot s ipebkc}bdcikot ~bpb clok|cacdbp fbt tc|ubdcikot lo lotceubflblok|po fit tozit s fbt holclbt bli~|blbt i ~pi~uot|bt ~bpb dippoecpfbt+

:+ Bd|c|ul ~itc|cqb s bd|cqb bk|o fb dippot~iktb`cfclbl lo jih`pot s humopotok of âh`c|i lihãt|cdi+

3+ Qbfipbdcôk lo holclbt& |bk|i ckt|c|udcikbfot dihi lo epu~i i cklcqclubfot&ruo dikaceupok bf|opkb|cqbt ~bpb fiepbp fb ceubflbl ok|po fit tozit+

4+ Pofbdcikot s tok|chcok|it+2+ Pofbdcikot baod|cqbt=0+ Pofbdcikot lo ~ilop —lihckci s tuhctcôk— ok fbt pofbdcikot lo ~bpomb+4+ Cklcdblipot lo hbf|pb|i ok fb blifotdokdcb+

<+ Diklud|bt lo pcotei+



<4

?+ Oz~potcôk lo fit tok|chcok|it+1+ Tifclbpclbl s duclbli lo fit lohât+5+ Kuoqit hilofit lo hbtdufckclbl s aohckclbl= ~optikbfot& abhcfcbpot&

~piaotcikbfot s tidcbfot+

:+ Eãkopi s pofbdcikot baod|cqbt s tozubfot ok|po fit jih`pot s fbt humopot+Jo|opitozubfclbl s jihitozubfclbl+

3+ Fb dikt|puddcôk tidcbf lo fb tozubfclbl ok fb tidcolbl lo diktuhi s fit~b~ofot btcekblit b jih`pot s humopot+

2>+ Pobfc}bdcôk lo lo`b|ot ti`po duot|cikot dik|piqop|clbt s lcfohbthipbfot lo fbt pofbdcikot ck|op~optikbfot ok|po fit bfuhkit s bfuhkbt&oz~ikcokli fbt i~ckcikot s mucdcit ~pi~cit lo aiphb bpeuhok|blb+

22+ Lotbppiffi lo fb db~bdclbl lo |pb`bmi ok oruc~i s lo ~bp|cdc~bdcôk+20+ Dih~poktcôk& pot~o|i hu|ui o ceubflbl lo |pb|i ok fbt pofbdcikot

baod|cqbt ok|po fit môqokot lo bhìt tozit+<+ Qctc`cfc}bdcôk lo fbt humopot+

2+ B~ip|bdcikot lo fbt humopot b fit lct|ck|it dbh~it lof tbòp s lo fbduf|upb+

0+ Jct|ipcb lof aohckcthi+ Bqbkdot ok fb fudjb ~ip fb ceubflbl+4+ Po~potok|bdcôk s ~ilop=<+ ^bpclbl(Bddcôk ~itc|cqb+?+ Fiepit s lcacduf|blot ot|pud|upbfot= of |odji lo dpct|bf+1+ @ciepbaèbt lo humopot+5+ Bkâfctct o ck|op~po|bdcôk dpè|cdb ti`po fb ~potokdcb i butokdcb lo jih`pot

s humopot ok fbt lct|ck|bt auok|ot lo ckaiphbdcôk+:+ Hbkomi s uti lo uk fokeubmo ki tozct|b+

3+ Ck|opãt ~ip dikidop fb ~bp|cdc~bdcôk lo fbt humopot ok fb duf|upb s ok fbjct|ipcb+2>+ Chbeok lo fb humop ok fb ~u`fcdclbl+

?+ Qcifokdcb dik|pb fbt humopot+2+ Dikdo~|it+ \c~it lo qcifokdcb+0+ Lo|oddcôk+4+ Oludbp ok s ~bpb of dikafcd|i lo eãkopi+ Potifudcôk lo dikafcd|it+

Lcaopok|ot aiphbt lo bdopdbpto bf dikafcd|i+<+ Bkâfctct s potifudcôk lo lcfohbt hipbfot s dikafcd|it lo qbfipot ~potok|ot

ok tc|ubdcikot ~ý`fcdbt s ~pcqblbt liklo ck|opqokeb fb qbpcb`fo eãkopi+?+ Omopdc|bdcôk ti`po fb |ihb lo lodctcikot tchufblbt ti`po duot|cikot ruo

dikffoqok ~itcdcikot ã|cdbt lcaopokdcblbt ok fbt pofbdcikot lo eãkopi+1+ B~podci ~ip of lcâfiei s fb dii~opbdcôk s podjb}i lo fbt diklud|btqcifok|bt eokopblbt ~ip of tct|ohb tozi(eãkopi+

5+ Tifclbpclbl dik fbt humopot qèd|chbt lo fb lotceubflbl lo eãkopi+

POFBDCÔK LO FBT DIHÔ\OKDCBT @ÂTCDBT DIK FBT _KCLBLOT& FITI@MO\CQIT OTÔDÈACDIT LO FB HB\OPCB S DIK FIT DPC\OPCIT LOOQBF_BDCÔK

DIHÔ\OKDCBT _KCLBLOT OK POFBDCÔK DIK FIT I@MO\CQIT



<<

@ÂTCDBT SÎPDOK\BMO

FBT R_O TO\PB@BMB

OTÔDÈACDIT LO FB HB\OPCB SDIK FIT DPC\OPCIT LO

OQBF_BDCÔK

Dih~o|okdcb Fckeöèt|cdb*DF#

?/

\ILBT Ok pofbdcôk dik fit IOH ot|b dih~o|okdcbto |pb`bmbpâ s oqbfubpâ ok |ilbt fbt ukclblot+


( Dikidop& dih~poklop s lct|ckeucpdikdo~|it `âtcdit= tozi(eãkopi&tozcthi& ~b|pcbpdbli&bklpidok|pcthi& hctieckcb& ~pomucdci&ot|opoi|c~i& tidcbfc}bdcôk& pif tidcbf&

o|d+

Dih~o|okdcb Hb|ohâ|cdb*DH#

2/

KCKE_KB LOHBKOPBLCPOD\B

Ok pofbdcôk dik fit IOH ki to |pb`bmb lohbkopb lcpod|b ot|b DD@@& ~ipdok|bmo 2/ lodbpb b fb oqbfubdcôk+

Dpc|opcit lo Oqbfubdcôk=( + Clok|cacdbp bt~od|it `âtcdit lo fb

lcqctcôk tozubf lof |pb`bmi sdih~poklop tut diktoduokdcbt ~bpbfb ceubflbl ok|po bhìt tozit+

Dih~o|okdcb ~bpb ofDikidchcok|i s fbCk|opbddcôk dik of HolciAètcdi *DCHA#

?/

KCKE_KB LOHBKOPBLCPOD\B


Ok pofbdcôk dik fit IOH ki to |pb`bmb lohbkopb lcpod|b ot|b DD@@&


Kckeuki lo hbkopb ot~odèacdb+



<?

\pb|bhcok|i lo fbCkaiphbdcôk sDih~o|okdcb Lcec|bf*\CDL#

0?/


( Bkâfctct dih~bpb|cqi lo fit lb|itot|blèt|cdit ti`po fb tc|ubdcôk lo fbthumopot ok lct|ck|it ~bètot& Ot~bòb sBklbfudèb *tc|ubdcôk fb`ipbf& po~bp|ilo |bpobt lihãt|cdbt& toepoebdcôk~piaotcikbf& ~potokdcb ok kcqofot lolodctcôk& hbf|pb|i s qcifokdcb lo

eãkopi& o|d+#+( @ýtruolb& tèk|otct s oz~itcdcôk lo fb

ckaiphbdcôk i`|okclb ok lcqoptbtauok|ot s ipebkc}bdcikot *Ck|opko|&btidcbdcikot lo humopot& ~bp|clit~ifè|cdit& bsuk|bhcok|it& ~poktb&~piepbhbt |ofoqctcqit& o|d+# ~bpbclok|cacdbp fbt tc|ubdcikot lolotceubflbl ok|po fit tozit s fbtholclbt ~pi~uot|bt i bli~|blbt ~ip

fbt ckt|c|udcikot ~bpb dippoecpfbt+( ^po~bpbdcôk s pobfc}bdcôk lo lo`b|ot

ti`po duot|cikot dik|piqop|clbt slcfohbt hipbfot lo fbt pofbdcikotck|op~optikbfot ok|po fit bfuhkit s fbtbfuhkbt& oz~ikcokli fbt i~ckcikot s

mucdcit ~pi~cit lo aiphb bpeuhok|blb+

( Bkâfctct s potifudcôk lo lcfohbthipbfot s dikafcd|it lo qbfipot~potok|ot ok tc|ubdcikot ~ý`fcdbt s

~pcqblbt liklo ck|opqokeb fb qbpcb`foeãkopi+

( Omopdc|bdcôk ok fb |ihb lo lodctcikottchufblbt ti`po duot|cikot ruodikffoqok ~itcdcikot ã|cdbtlcaopokdcblbt ok fbt pofbdcikot loeãkopi+

( Blcot|pbhcok|i ok of pb}ikbhcok|ifôecdi(hipbf s ok fb db~bdclbl dpè|cdb+

( Lotbppiffi lo fb db~bdclbl lo |pb`bmi



<1

ok oruc~i s lo ~bp|cdc~bdcôk+

( Hbkomi s uti lo uk fokeubmo kitozct|b& |bk|i ipbf dihi otdpc|i&

aihok|bkli jb`cfclblot lobpeuhok|bdcôk s lo dihukcdbdcôk+


( Dik|pbt|bp lcqoptbt auok|ot lockaiphbdcôk& tofoddcikbp ckaiphbdcôkpofoqbk|o s bkbfc}bpfb dpè|cdbhok|olotlo fb ~opt~od|cqb lo eãkopi+

( ^bp|cdc~bp ok lcâfieit s lo`b|ot&oz~ikcokli lo aiphb auklbhok|blbfbt ~pi~cbt ~it|upbt& otdudjbkli spot~o|bkli fbt i~ckcikot lo fit i|pit+

Dih~o|okdcb Tidcbf sDculblbkb *TsD#

0?/


Podikidop fb lctdpchckbdcôk dihiqufkopbdcôk lo fit LopodjitJuhbkit& lo fb Dikt|c|udcôkOt~bòifb s bf Ot|b|u|i lo Bu|ikihèb~bpb Bklbfudèb+

Poafozcikbp ti`po fb kodotclbl ã|cdb lo fbceubflbl ok|po jih`pot s humopotdihi ~pohctb ~bpb fb dikt|puddcôk lopofbdcikot hât mut|bt o ceubfc|bpcbt+

Qbfipbp fit oh~oòit ~ip fiepbp ukboaod|cqb ceubflbl s of pot~o|i b fitlopodjit cklcqclubfot s difod|cqit lofbt ~optikbt s epu~it&cklo~oklcok|ohok|o lo tu tozi s loi|pbt lcaopokdcbdcikot —pb}b& duf|upb&pofcecôk& tozubfclbl(+

Dih~poklop of aukdcikbhcok|i loftct|ohb tozi(eãkopi dihi ukbdikt|puddcôk tidci(duf|upbf ruodikaceupb fbt clok|clblot hbtdufckb s

aohokckb& ~pi~cdcbkli of



<5

dikidchcok|i lo uki hcthi dihitumo|i tidcbf s abqipodcokli fbdih~poktcôk s of bdopdbhcok|i b fbpobfclbl lof i|pi)b+

Clok|cacdbp pbdcikbf s ohidcikbfhok|o fbckmut|cdcb ruo jbk tuapclijct|ôpcdbhok|o s býk tuapok fbthumopot+

Ok|oklop of tozcthi dihi uk ~pi`fohblo lotceubflbl tidcbf ruo |coko tutpbèdot ok fb ot|pud|upb tidci(odikôhcdb s ok fbt cloifieèbt loeãkopi ruo ch~poekbk kuot|pbduf|upb+

Clok|cacdbp fit dih~ip|bhcok|it s fbtbd|c|ulot qcifok|bt jbdcb fbt humopotbli~|bkli ukb ~it|upb dpè|cdb s lolokukdcb bk|o fit hcthit+

Podikidop fit ~pckdc~bfot i`t|âdufit ruoch~clok fb ceubflbl lo i~ip|ukclblotok|po humopot s jih`pot& ot|chufbkliof pot~o|i b fb tckeufbpclbl+

B~podcbp of okpcruodchcok|i ruo tu~ikok

fbt pofbdcikot ceubfc|bpcbt ok|pojih`pot s humopot& btuhcokli ofotauop}i ruo ch~fcdb orucfc`pbp fbtpofbdcikot lo ~ilop+

Lotbppiffbp fb tifclbpclbl jbdcb fbthumopot ok |bk|i difod|cqi ruo tuapofb lctdpchckbdcôk& lotdu`pcãklitodihi tumo|i lo pot~iktb`cfclblhipbf+

Abqipodop fb potifudcôk lo dikafcd|it

lopcqblit lo fbt lcaopokdcbt loeãkopi& lotbppiffbkli fbt db~bdclblotlo otdudjb& lcâfiei s koeidcbdcôk s~i|okdcbkli fb db~bdclbl lo poafozcôks bkâfctct ok of omopdcdci lofpb}ikbhcok|i hipbf+

Poafozcikbp ti`po fit diklcdcikbhcok|ittidcbfot lo eãkopi ok of lotbppiffi~optikbf s lo fbt ~pi~cbt bd|c|ulot sdih~ip|bhcok|it tozct|bt& bli~|bkli

ukb ~it|upb dpè|cdb apok|o b fithcthit ruo abqipo}db uk lotbppiffi



<:

ck|oepbf s bu|ôkihi lo fb~optikbfclbl& bf hbpeok lo fb~op|okokdcb b uki u i|pi tozi+

Qbfipbp fb dik|pc`udcôk ~optikbf ok fbfudjb dik|pb fb lotceubflbl loeãkopi& |bk|i ok fbt bd|c|ulot si~dcikot ~optikbfot dihi ok fb~opdo~dcôk lo tè hcthi dihi tumo|ilo |pbktaiphbdcôk tidcbf+


( Dikidop& dih~poklop s lct|ckeucpdikdo~|it `âtcdit= tozi(eãkopi&tozcthi& ~b|pcbpdbli&bklpidok|pcthi& hctieckcb& ~pomucdci&ot|opoi|c~i& tidcbfc}bdcôk& pif tidcbf&o|d+

( Bkbfc}bp dpè|cdbhok|o fit hc|it ocloifieèbt ruo jbk ~po|oklcli

jct|ôpcdbhok|o foec|chbp of~b|pcbpdbli+

( Dih~poklop fb ckafuokdcb lo fbtlct|ck|bt ckt|bkdcbt ok fb aiphbdcôk s|pbkthctcôk lo hilofitot|opoi|c~blit ~bpb uki s i|pi tozi+

( Clok|cacdbp bt~od|it `âtcdit lo fblcqctcôk tozubf lof |pb`bmi sdih~poklop tut diktoduokdcbt ~bpbfb ceubflbl ok|po bh`it tozit+

( Dikidop fb lcaopok|o ~bp|cdc~bdcôk lo

jih`pot s humopot ok fit |pb`bmitlihãt|cdit s oz~fcdbpfb dihi ukabd|ip `âtcdi lo fb lotceubflbl ok|pofit tozit+

( Lct|ckeucp s lo|od|bp aiphbt lodih~ip|bhcok|i s bd|c|ulot ruo to~uolbk diktclopbp hbfit |pb|it s abf|blo pot~o|i jbdcb fbt humopot& ok tutpofbdcikot ck|op~optikbfot+

( Dikidop s qbfipbp of ~b~of lo fbt



<3

humopot b fi fbpei lo fb jct|ipcb s tuiduf|bdcôk ok fb jct|ipcb |pbkthc|clb+

( Podikidop fb lcqoptclbl lo

tc|ubdcikot lctdpchckb|ipcbt jbdcb fbthumopot& pofbdcikâklifbt dikqbpcb`fot odikôhcdbt& ~ifè|cdbt sduf|upbfot+

( Clok|cacdbp fbt ~pckdc~bfot dikruct|btlof fit hiqchcok|i aohckct|b sqbfipbp tut b~ip|bdcikot ~bpb oflotbppiffi lo fit tct|ohbtlohidpâ|cdit+

( Bkbfc}bp fb tidcolbl dik|oh~ipâkob

dihi ukb tidcolbl dih~fomb s ok|pbktaiphbdcôk& liklo humopot sjih`pot ot|âk blrucpcokli kuoqbt~itcdcikot s ok fb ruo to ot|âkpoloackcokli fit ~b~ofot lo eãkopi+

( Pofbdcikbp fit b~poklc}bmotdikdo~|ubfot blrucpclit dik fb ~pi~cboz~opcokdcb ~optikbf s tidcbf+Dih~poktcôk s b~fcdbdcôk lo

dikdo~|it b fb pobfclbl tidcbf s~optikbf+

( Podikidop s lo|od|bp fit ot|opoi|c~ittozubfot s aiphbt tu|cfot lo tozcthiruo ~optct|ok ok of holci tidcbf+

( Lotbppiffbp lot|po}bt s jâ`c|it lopb}ikbhcok|i s bpeuhok|bdcôk lo fbt~pi~cbt clobt& qbfipbkli fb db~bdclbllo bkâfctct s tèk|otct+

( Ipebkc}bp fb oz~itcdcôk pb}ikblb loclobt ~optikbfot ~bpb of lo`b|o& fbpoafozcôk difod|cqb s fb ~uot|b okdihýk& qbfipbkli fb oz~potcôk sdihukcdbdcôk ipbf+


( ^bp|cdc~bp ok lcâfieit s lo`b|ot&oz~ikcokli lo aiphb auklbhok|blbfbt ~pi~cbt ~it|upbt& otdudjbkli s



?>

pot~o|bkli fbt i~ckcikot lo fit i|pit+

( \pb`bmbp dii~opb|cqbhok|o dik

dih~bòopit s dih~bòopbt s~bp|cdc~bp bd|cqbhok|o ok |ilbt fbt~pi~uot|bt ffoqblbt b db`i ok of bufb+

( _|cfc}bp uk fokeubmo dippod|i s kitozct|b ok |ilbt fbt bd|cqclblot+

( Hit|pbp bd|c|ulot lo pot~o|i oceubflbl lo |pb|i ok fb ck|oppofbdcôkok|po djcdit s djcdbt+

( Hbkcaot|bp ukb bd|c|ul dpè|cdb s lo

podjb}i bk|o fb lctdpchckbdcôk okeokopbf s fb lo eãkopi& ok ~bp|cdufbp+

( Qbfipbp fb ceubflbl ok|po jih`pot shumopot s of otauop}i pobfc}bli ~iphudjbt humopot ~bpb diktoeucpfb+

( Hbkcaot|bp bd|c|ulot lo pot~o|i stifclbpclbl jbdcb fbt qèd|chbt lo fblotceubflbl lo eãkopi+

Dih~o|okdcb Duf|upbf sBp|èt|cdb *DsB#

</

- Hc|it& ~pomucdcit sot|opoi|c~it lotozi(eãkopi ok fbduf|upb ~b|pcbpdbf+

- _|cfc}bdcôk lofpofb|cqcthi duf|upbfs fb loaoktb lo fb|pblcdcôk ~bpb

mut|cacdbp fbqufkopbdcôk lo fitlopodjit juhbkitlo fbt humopot+


Lo hbkopb |pbktqoptbf+


( Bkbfc}bp dpè|cdbhok|o fit hc|it ocloifieèbt ruo jbk ~po|oklclijct|ôpcdbhok|o foec|chbp of~b|pcbpdbli+

( Clok|cacdbp fbt ~pckdc~bfot dikruct|btlof fit hiqchcok|i aohckct|b sqbfipbp tut b~ip|bdcikot ~bpb oflotbppiffi lo fit tct|ohbtlohidpâ|cdit+

( Bkbfc}bp fb tidcolbl dik|oh~ipâkobdihi ukb tidcolbl dih~fomb s ok|pbktaiphbdcôk& liklo humopot s

jih`pot ot|âk blrucpcokli kuoqbt



?2

~itcdcikot s ok fb ruo to ot|âkpoloackcokli fit ~b~ofot lo eãkopi+

Dih~o|okdcb ~bpbB~poklop b B~poklop *BB#

0>/


Abqipodop fb potifudcôk lo dikafcd|itlopcqblit lo fbt lcaopokdcbt loeãkopi& lotbppiffbkli fbt db~bdclblotlo otdudjb& lcâfiei s koeidcbdcôk s~i|okdcbkli fb db~bdclbl lo poafozcôk

s bkâfctct ok of omopdcdci lofpb}ikbhcok|i hipbf+


( Lotbppiffbp lot|po}bt s jâ`c|it lopb}ikbhcok|i s bpeuhok|bdcôk lo fbt~pi~cbt clobt& qbfipbkli fb db~bdclbllo bkâfctct s tèk|otct+

( Ipebkc}bp fb oz~itcdcôk pb}ikblb loclobt ~optikbfot ~bpb of lo`b|o& fbpoafozcôk difod|cqb s fb ~uot|b okdihýk& qbfipbkli fb oz~potcôk sdihukcdbdcôk ipbf+


( ^bp|cdc~bp ok lcâfieit s lo`b|ot&oz~ikcokli lo aiphb auklbhok|blb

fbt ~pi~cbt ~it|upbt& otdudjbkli spot~o|bkli fbt i~ckcikot lo fit i|pit+

( \pb`bmbp dii~opb|cqbhok|o dikdih~bòopit s dih~bòopbt s~bp|cdc~bp bd|cqbhok|o ok |ilbt fbt~pi~uot|bt ffoqblbt b db`i ok of bufb+

( _|cfc}bp uk fokeubmo dippod|i s kitozct|b ok |ilbt fbt bd|cqclblot+



?0

Bu|ikihèb o Ckcdcb|cqb^optikbf *BC^#

2?/

+

OK \ILBT+


Clok|cacdbp fit dih~ip|bhcok|it s fbtbd|c|ulot qcifok|bt jbdcb fbt humopotbli~|bkli ukb ~it|upb dpè|cdb s lolokukdcb bk|o fit hcthit+

Podikidop fit ~pckdc~bfot i`t|âdufit ruoch~clok fb ceubflbl lo i~ip|ukclblotok|po humopot s jih`pot& ot|chufbkliof pot~o|i b fb tckeufbpclbl+

B~podcbp of okpcruodchcok|i ruo tu~ikokfbt pofbdcikot ceubfc|bpcbt ok|pojih`pot s humopot& btuhcokli ofotauop}i ruo ch~fcdb orucfc`pbp fbtpofbdcikot lo ~ilop+

Lotbppiffbp fb tifclbpclbl jbdcb fbthumopot ok |bk|i difod|cqi ruo tuapofb lctdpchckbdcôk& lotdu`pcãklitodihi tumo|i lo pot~iktb`cfclblhipbf+

Abqipodop fb potifudcôk lo dikafcd|itlopcqblit lo fbt lcaopokdcbt loeãkopi& lotbppiffbkli fbt db~bdclblotlo otdudjb& lcâfiei s koeidcbdcôk s~i|okdcbkli fb db~bdclbl lo poafozcôks bkâfctct ok of omopdcdci lofpb}ikbhcok|i hipbf+

Poafozcikbp ti`po fit diklcdcikbhcok|ittidcbfot lo eãkopi ok of lotbppiffi~optikbf s lo fbt ~pi~cbt bd|c|ulot sdih~ip|bhcok|it tozct|bt& bli~|bkliukb ~it|upb dpè|cdb apok|o b fit

hcthit ruo abqipo}db uk lotbppiffick|oepbf s bu|ôkihi lo fb~optikbfclbl& bf hbpeok lo fb~op|okokdcb b uki u i|pi tozi+

Qbfipbp fb dik|pc`udcôk ~optikbf ok fbfudjb dik|pb fb lotceubflbl loeãkopi& |bk|i ok fbt bd|c|ulot si~dcikot ~optikbfot dihi ok fb~opdo~dcôk lo tè hcthi dihi tumo|ilo |pbktaiphbdcôk tidcbf+



?4


( Pofbdcikbp fit b~poklc}bmotdikdo~|ubfot blrucpclit dik fb ~pi~cboz~opcokdcb ~optikbf s tidcbf+Dih~poktcôk s b~fcdbdcôk lodikdo~|it b fb pobfclbl tidcbf s~optikbf+


"Acfitiaèb s Dculblbkèb+"

2½ lo @bdjcffopb|i D_PTI 0>22(0>20

2+ I@MO\CQIT EOKOPBFOT LOF @BDJCFFOPB\I



?<

Fit i`mo|cqit eokopbfot tik fbt db~bdclblot ruo& ~ip holci lo fbt hb|opcbt dihukot& lohilbfclbl s i~|b|cqbt& loòpâk top bfdbk}blbt ~ip fit bfuhkit s ~ip fbt bfuhkbt lo@bdjcffopb|i+ Dikt|c|usok fit epbklot po|it ruo loòk ~pi~ikopto |ilit fit lidok|ot lo ot|b

o|b~b+ Tik& ~ip |bk|i& ck|oplcdc~fckbpot s lo âh`c|it oludb|cqit ~fupbfot= diekitdc|cqit&baod|cqit s ~tcditidcbfot+ Fit diekitdc|cqit loòpâk bfdbk}bpto holcbk|o fb oktoòbk}b s ofb~poklc}bmo lo fb hb|opcb ch~bp|clb ~ip of ~piaotip ot~odcbfct|b *i ~ip of ~piaotip ~pi~ci lodblb hb|opcb#7 fit lohât& holcbk|o fb dik|pcùdcôk ukâkcho lof ~piaotipbli+

Of @bdjcffopb|i dik|pcùcpâ b ruo fit bfuhkit s fbt bfuhkbt bfdbkdok fit i`mo|cqit s fbtdb~bdclblot tceucok|ot=

( Omopdop fb dculblbkèb lohidpâ|cdb& lotlo ukb ~opt~od|cqb efi`bf& s blrucpcp ukb dikdcokdcbdèqcdb pot~iktb`fo& ckt~cpblb ~ip fit qbfipot lo fb Dikt|c|udcôk Ot~bòifb btè dihi ~ip fitlopodjit juhbkit& ruo aihok|o fb dippot~iktb`cfclbl ok fb dikt|puddcôk lo ukb tidcolbl

mut|b s oruc|b|cqb& s ruo abqipo}db fb tit|okc`cfclbl+( Diktifclbp ukb hblupo} ~optikbf s tidcbf ruo fot ~ophc|b bd|ubp lo aiphb pot~iktb`fo s

bu|ôkihb s lotbppiffbp tu ot~èpc|u dpè|cdi+ ^poqop s potifqop ~bdèacdbhok|o fit dikafcd|it~optikbfot& abhcfcbpot s tidcbfot+

( Aihok|bp fb ceubflbl oaod|cqb lo lopodjit s i~ip|ukclblot ok|po jih`pot s humopot&bkbfc}bp s qbfipbp dpè|cdbhok|o fbt lotceubflblot ozct|ok|ot o ch~uftbp fb ceubflbl pobf s fbki lctdpchckbdcôk lo fbt ~optikbt dik lctdb~bdclbl+

( Bacbk}bp fit jâ`c|it lo fod|upb& ot|ulci s lctdc~fckb& dihi diklcdcikot kodotbpcbt ~bpb ofoacdb} b~piqodjbhcok|i lof b~poklc}bmo& s dihi holci lo lotbppiffi ~optikbf+

( Lihckbp& |bk|i ok tu oz~potcôk ipbf dihi otdpc|b& fb fokeub dbt|offbkb s& ok tu dbti& fb

fokeub diiacdcbf lo tu dihukclbl bu|ôkihb+( Oz~potbpto dik afuclo} s dippoddcôk ok ukb i hât fokeubt oz|pbkmopbt+( _|cfc}bp dik tifqokdcb s pot~iktb`cfclbl fbt |odkifieèbt lo fb ckaiphbdcôk s fb

dihukcdbdcôk+( Dikidop s qbfipbp dpè|cdbhok|o fbt pobfclblot lof hukli dik|oh~ipâkoi& tut bk|odolok|ot

jct|ôpcdit s fit ~pckdc~bfot abd|ipot lo tu oqifudcôk+ ^bp|cdc~bp lo aiphb tifclbpcb ok oflotbppiffi s homipb lo tu ok|ipki tidcbf+

( Bddolop b fit dikidchcok|it dcok|èacdit s |odkifôecdit auklbhok|bfot s lihckbp fbtjb`cfclblot `âtcdbt ~pi~cbt lo fb hilbfclbl ofoeclb+

( Dih~poklop fit ofohok|it s ~pidolchcok|it auklbhok|bfot lo fb ckqot|cebdcôk s lo fithã|ilit dcok|èacdit+ Dikidop s qbfipbp lo aiphb dpè|cdb fb dik|pcùdcôk lo fb dcokdcb s fb

|odkifieèb ok of dbh`ci lo fbt diklcdcikot lo qclb& btè dihi bacbk}bp fb toktc`cfclbl s ofpot~o|i jbdcb of holci bh`cok|o+( Bacbk}bp of ot~èpc|u oh~poklolip dik bd|c|ulot lo dpob|cqclbl& afozc`cfclbl& ckcdcb|cqb&

|pb`bmi ok oruc~i& dikacbk}b ok uki hcthi s tok|cli dpè|cdi+( Lotbppiffbp fb toktc`cfclbl bp|èt|cdb s fc|opbpcb& btè dihi of dpc|opci ot|ã|cdi& dihi auok|ot lo

aiphbdcôk s okpcruodchcok|i duf|upbf+( _|cfc}bp fb oludbdcôk aètcdb s of lo~ip|o ~bpb abqipodop of lotbppiffi ~optikbf s tidcbf+( Bacbk}bp bd|c|ulot lo pot~o|i s ~poqokdcôk ok of âh`c|i lo fb toeupclbl qcbf+

0+ I@MO\CQIT EOKOPBFOT LO ACFITIAÈB S DC_LBLBKÈB



??

@bmi fb lokihckbdcôk Acfitiaèb s Dculblbkèb to ~po|oklo ruo fit bfuhkit s fbt bfuhkbt tock|pilu}dbk ok fbt duot|cikot auklbhok|bfot ruo jbk idu~bli jct|ôpcdbhok|o —s tceuokidu~bkli— b fb poafozcôk acfitôacdb+ Ok|po offbt lot|bdb lo hbkopb hus ot~odcbf of dikdo~|i lo

§dculblbkèb·& diktclopbli |bk|i lcbdpôkcdbhok|o& ok pofbdcôk dik fbt lct|ck|bt dikdo~dcikotacfitôacdbt s ~ifè|cdbt ruo jbk mbfikbli fb jct|ipcb lo Iddclok|o& dihi lotlo ukb ~opt~od|cqbbd|ubf& b|oklcokli b fb qclb ok dihýk ok fbt tidcolblot lohidpâ|cdbt s b fit lotbaèit ruo& bot|o pot~od|i& kuot|pi |coh~i kit lo~bpb+

Ok ~pchop fuebp& dikqcoko tu`pbsbp ruo of ipceok jct|ôpcdi lo fb acfitiaèb s fb kb|upbfo}bhcthb lo tut poafozcikot to jbffbk ckdbplckblit ok §fb dculbl·& ok|oklclb ot|b dihi of hbpdi~ifè|cdi ruo jbdo ~itc`fo *i& dubkli hokit& §|ifopb·# fb diktclopbdcôk dpè|cdb lo bruoffitbtuk|it ruo& ok ~pckdc~ci& baod|bk b |ilit fit dculblbkit ~ip ceubf+ Tc of jih`po ot uk§bkchbf ~ifè|cdi·& toeýk fb aôphufb oh~foblb ~ip Bpct|ô|ofot& ok|ikdot fb qclb juhbkb ki~uolo top dih~poklclb dik cklo~oklokdcb lo fit dik|oz|it tidcbfot s duf|upbfot& mupèlcdit&~ifè|cdit s pofcecitit ruo& ok ùokb holclb& oz~fcdbk *bukruo ki lo|ophckok ab|bfhok|o# ofhili lo ~oktbp& lo tok|cp s lo bd|ubp lo fit jih`pot+

To |pb|b& ~ip diktceucok|o& lo bkbfc}bp s qbfipbp lcdjit dik|oz|it s of ~b~of ruo fbtpo~potok|bdcikot cloifôecdbt s duf|upbfot& s ok dikdpo|i fb acfitiaèb *ok |bk|i ruo ot|b jb~po|oklcli dikt|c|ucpto dihi uk tbòp lct|ck|i lo fit dikidchcok|it s |ãdkcdbt ~bp|cdufbpot#&jbk lotoh~oòbli ok fb ozct|okdcb pobf lo fit topot juhbkit+ Lo ot|o hili& fb acfitiaèb todikqcop|o ok tumo|i s i`mo|i lo tu ~pi~cb cklbebdcôk& tcokli |bf qo} ~itc`fo ruo fit bfuhkit sfbt bfuhkbt& ok kuot|pi dbti& b~poklbk b acfitiabp bf hcthi |coh~i ruo b~poklok acfitiaèb&|ihbkli dik|bd|i dik fbt |oipèbt hât pofoqbk|ot lotlo ot|o li`fo ~uk|i lo qct|b& jct|ôpcdi s

bd|ubf+Ok kckeýk dbti& offi loò tcekcacdbp fb poluddcôk lo fit tct|ohbt lo ~oktbhcok|i s lo fbacfitiaèb bf eokopbfhok|o bhipai dbfli lo duf|cqi lo ukb ã~idb+ îp of dik|pbpci& fb acfitiaèb~ophc|o §ck(aiphbp·& ok ot|o tok|cli& lo fit dik|oz|it ~pi~cit ok ruo |bh`cãk fbt |oipèbt s fitdikdo~|it ki ~uolok tcki tupecp& ~opi li|âklifit lo ukb aiphb pbdcikbf s& ~ip diktceucok|o&lo ukb ck|ofcec`cfclbl ruo kckeýk dpbti jct|ipcdcthi ~uolo oz|pbop lo fit jodjit diktclopblitok tè hcthit i& ~ip btè lodcpfi& lo fit jodjit §ok `pu|i·+

Blohât lo fit dik|okclit |pblcdcikbfot lo fb hb|opcb& poaiphufblit ok aukdcôk lo fb kuoqblct~itcdcôk duppcdufbp& to ckdfusok bjipb oz~fèdc|b s lo|bffblbhok|o ukb topco lo i`mo|cqit s

dik|okclit ruo dufhckbpâk fb ~pi~uot|b ti`po oludbdcôk dèqcdb ruo fit bfuhkit jb`pâklo`cli duptbp ok o|b~bt oludb|cqbt bk|opcipot+

Toeýk ot|b`fodo of Pobf Lodpo|i 2<15)0>>5& lo 0 lo kiqcoh`po& ~ip of ruo to ot|b`fodo fbot|pud|upb lof @bdjcffopb|i s to acmbk tut oktoòbk}bt hèkchbt& fb oktoòbk}b lo Acfitiaèb s

Dculblbkèb |oklpâ dihi ackbfclbl of lotbppiffi lo fbt tceucok|ot db~bdclblot=

2+ Clok|cacdbp s b~podcbp of tok|cli lo fit ~pi`fohbt acfitôacdit s oh~fobp dik ~pi~colbl spceip fit kuoqit dikdo~|it s |ãphckit btchcfblit ~bpb of bkâfctct s fb lctdutcôk+

0+ Bli~|bp ukb bd|c|ul dpè|cdb s poafozcqb bk|o fbt duot|cikot |oôpcdbt s ~pâd|cdbt&auklbhok|bkli blodublbhok|o fbt clobt+



?1

4+ Bpeuhok|bp lo hili dijopok|o of ~pi~ci ~oktbhcok|i lo aiphb ipbf s otdpc|b&dik|pbt|âklifi dik i|pbt ~itcdcikot s bpeuhok|bdcikot+

<+ ^pbd|cdbp s qbfipbp of lcâfiei acfitôacdi dihi ~pidoti lo okduok|pi pbdcikbf s `ýtruolbdifod|cqb lo fb qoplbl+

?+ Bkbfc}bp s dihok|bp |oz|it acfitôacdit& |bk|i ok tu dijopokdcb ck|opkb dihi ok tu dik|oz|ijct|ôpcdi& clok|cacdbkli fit ~pi`fohbt ruo ~fbk|obk& btè dihi fit bpeuhok|it stifudcikot ~pi~uot|bt+

1+ _|cfc}bp ~pidolchcok|it `âtcdit ~bpb of |pb`bmi ck|ofod|ubf s of |pb`bmi bu|ôkihi= `ýtruolbs tofoddcôk lo ckaiphbdcôk& dik|pbt|o& bkâfctct& tèk|otct s oqbfubdcôk dpè|cdb lo fb hcthb&~pihiqcokli of pceip ck|ofod|ubf ok of ~fbk|obhcok|i lo fit ~pi`fohbt+

5+ Bli~|bp ukb bd|c|ul lo pot~o|i lo fbt lcaopokdcbt s dpè|cdb bk|o |ili ck|ok|i lo mut|cacdbdcôk lo fbt lotceubflblot tidcbfot s bk|o |ilb lctdpchckbdcôk& sb tob ~ip tozi&o|kcb& duf|upb& dpookdcbt u i|pbt dbpbd|opèt|cdbt cklcqclubfot s tidcbfot+

:+ Qbfipbp fb db~bdclbl kiphb|cqb s |pbktaiphblipb lo fb pb}ôk ~bpb dikt|pucp ukb tidcolblhât mut|b& ok fb ruo ozct|b ukb qoplblopb ceubflbl lo i~ip|ukclblot+

3+ Qbfipbp fit ck|ok|it ~ip dikt|pucp ukb tidcolbl huklcbf `btblb ok of duh~fchcok|i lo fitlopodjit juhbkit& ok fb dikqcqokdcb ~bdèacdb s ok fb loaoktb lo fb kb|upbfo}b+

2>+ Diktifclbp fb dih~o|okdcb tidcbf s dculblbkb auklbhok|bkli |oôpcdbhok|o tu tok|cli&qbfip s kodotclbl ~bpb omopdop ukb dculblbkèb lohidpâ|cdb+

22+ Lotbppiffbp ukb dikdcokdcb dèqcdb& dpè|cdb s bu|ôkihb& ckt~cpblb ok fit lopodjit juhbkits dih~piho|clb dik fb dikt|puddcôk lo ukb tidcolbl lohidpâ|cdb& mut|b s oruc|b|cqb sdik fb loaoktb lo fb kb|upbfo}b& lotbppiffbkli bd|c|ulot lo tifclbpclbl s ~bp|cdc~bdcôk okfb qclb dihukc|bpcb+

Ot|b fct|b lo i`mo|cqit tu`pbsb of ck|opãt ~piauklbhok|o ~pâd|cdi lo ukb hb|opcb ruo& b

hokuli& toeýk ~pomucdcit ki tcoh~po kc lof |ili ckauklblit& jb tcli ~opdc`clb dihi ukomopdcdci ~upbhok|o dik|oh~fb|cqi& bf hbpeok lo fit ~pi`fohbt pobfot ruo diklcdcikbk&dubkli ki tbdulok lo ch~piqcti& fb ozct|okdcb lo fit topot juhbkit+ Tck oh`bpei& bf~oktbhcok|i acfitôacdi fo ckduhò& ok ~pchop fuebp& fb ~uot|b ok duot|côk lo tohombk|o~opdo~dcôk& ruo ki ok qbki tuofo dickdclcp dik fb ~opt~od|cqb tu~uot|bhok|o ot~ik|âkob *~ipdubk|i |ili ~pomucdci dih~ip|b fb hbpdb lo uk b~poklc}bmo bk|opcip& jb`c|ubfhok|olotb~opdc`cli# dik ruo fit bfuhkit s fbt bfuhkbt to okapok|bk ~ip ~pchopb qo} b fbbtcekb|upb+

B lcaopokdcb |bf qo} lo fbt i|pbt hb|opcbt ruo dih~ikok of duppèdufi oludb|cqi& fb acfitiaèb|coko fb ~odufcbp qcp|ul lo oktoòbp b fit bfuhkit s b fbt bfuhkbt ki tifi uk dikmuk|i lo

dik|okclit bdblãhcdb s tidcbfhok|o ot|b`fodclit& tcki uk hili lo poqofbp s okapok|bpto b tut~pi~cit ~pomucdcit s dpookdcbt lo `bto& fit dubfot ki jbk lo dih~ip|bp uk totei kodotbpcbhok|okoeb|cqi& tcki ruo loòk ok|oklopto& hât `cok& dihi bruoffit mucdcit ~poqcit s bruoffbt~opt~od|cqbt |âdc|bt ruo fot ~ophc|ok bapik|bp lo hbkopb tcekcacdb|cqb dubfotrucopb kuoqitdik|okclit s oz~opcokdcbt& jbdcokli btè ~itc`fo uk b~poklc}bmo pobf *|oôpcdi s ~pâd|cdi b fbqo}# dihi i`mo|cqi oludb|cqi cppokukdcb`fo+

Fit bfuhkit s fbt bfuhkbt |oklpâk& ~uot& fb i~ip|ukclbl lo ok|b`fbp dik|bd|i dik fit~pi`fohbt acfitôacdit hât pofoqbk|ot s dik fit hã|ilit lo ~oktbhcok|i s fit hilit lobddcôk ruo fb acfitiaèb jb b~fcdbli s& b tu hbkopb& omopdcli b |pbqãt lo tu jct|ipcb+ ûot fbacfitiaèb dih~ip|b ukb aiphb lo ~oktbhcok|i ruo ~ophc|o lct|ckeucp s& b fb qo}& pofbdcikbp fbt

lct|ck|bt ~opt~od|cqbt ruo dikacopok uk tok|cli *i ukb huf|c~fcdclbl ruc}â cppolud|c`fo lo



?5

tok|clit# b oti ruo ffbhbhit §pobfclbl· s b fbt qbpcblbt hilbfclblot lof dikidchcok|i s lofb bddcôk ruo dbpbd|opc}bk fb oz~opcokdcb juhbkb lof hukli+

Dikqcoko ki ifqclbp ruo |ilb btcekb|upb tu~iko& ~ip loackcdcôk& ukb btcekbdcôk lo dik|okclit

dik qct|bt b uk dcop|i kcqof oludb|cqi s dik ukit i`mo|cqit blodublit b lcdji kcqof+ îp |bk|i&ki to |pb|b lo ofbìpbp uk ckqok|bpci ozjbut|cqi& tc ot ruo offi auopb ~itc`fo& lo fit ~pi`fohbtacfitôacdit kc& hudji hokit& lo lcd|bp uk tifudcikbpci ruo ~ophc|b bf bfuhkbli poludcplid|pckbfhok|o fb dih~fomclbl dik ruo fb pobfclbl *ruo ki tbò lo §btcekb|upbt·# beu}b tckpoholci kuot|pit tok|clit+ Tifi ok|ikdot& s tifi btè& bkchbkli b kuot|pit bfuhkit s bfuhkbtok of omopdcdci lo fb dpè|cdb s oktoòâklifot& bf hcthi |coh~i& fit hilit ok ruo lcdji omopdcdcito lct|ckeuo s dik|pb~iko b fbt pobddcikot ch~uftcqbt o cppoafozcqbt ruo ch~itc`cfc|bk lcdjiomopdcdci& ~opi ruo apoduok|ohok|o ~po|oklok dikauklcpto dik ãf& |oklpâ tok|cli s qceokdcbpobf fb aiphbdcôk lo dculblbkit pot~iktb`fot+

Chhbkuof Gbk| podu~opô fb ozjip|bdcôk lof ~io|b fb|cki Jipbdci dihi fohb lo fb Cfut|pbdcôk=§Tb~opo bulo"·& §B|pãqo|o b ~oktbp ~ip duok|b ~pi~cb·+ Lo ot|i& ok ack& to |pb|b& lo ~oktbp slo bd|ubp ~ip duok|b ~pi~cb lo hbkopb pot~iktb`fo& ~uot lo fi dik|pbpci ot|bpèbhitdikauklcokli of ~oktbhcok|i ~pi~ci dik fb ch~itcdcôk7 fb fcòp|bl& dik of blid|pckbhcok|i i&tch~fohok|o& dik fbt bdbfipblbt pobddcikot ~upbhok|o koeb|cqbt *ot|bt tè ruo §~upbt·= hât~pik|i ruo |bplo& ch~pbd|cdb`fot# ruo fb acfitiaèb jb dih`b|cli todufbphok|o+

Fb otduofb ot& tck lulb& ukb lo fbt ~fb}bt ckofulc`fot bf oaod|i+ S of |pb|i dik fb acfitiaèb otli`fohok|o ckozdutb`fo ok tut bufbt+ Dôhi to ffoqo b dbì& bf hbpeok lo fbt`cokck|okdcikblbt lodfbpbdcikot lo ~pckdc~cit s lo fit podo|bpcit ~olbeôecdit bf uti *~ip i|pb~bp|o& tcoh~po `cok podc`clit ok tu dbpâd|op ~pi|idifbpci o ckt|puhok|bf#& jo bjè fb duot|côk

ruo kit dikdcopko dihi ~piaotipot lo ukb hb|opcb dih~fomb s& b qodot& dihi fb qclb hcthb&otduppclc}b s lcautb ok tut ck|opkbt pofbdcikot *dihi fb pofbdcôk ruo ckoqc|b`fohok|o qckdufb bfb |oipèb dik fb ~pâd|cdb& bf ~oktbhcok|i dik fb bddcôk#+

Of li`fo dbpâd|op& |ophckbf s ~pi~olãu|cdi& lo fb hb|opcb dickdclo dik of tok|cli b`cop|i lo fiti`mo|cqit& dik|okclit s ~pckdc~cit duppcdufbpot& ki i`t|bk|o of dbpâd|op pbdcikbf *s i`mo|cqb`fo&~ip |bk|i& ok dubk|i hb|opcb lo ot|ulci# lo fit dik|okclit ot|b`fodclit+ îp uk fbli& of ot|ulcilo fb acfitiaèb ok pofbdcôk dik fit dik|okclit s i`mo|cqit lo ukb Oludbdcôk ~bpb fb

dculblbkèb dikt|c|uso fb dufhckbdcôk lo fbt oktoòbk}bt ~poqcbhok|o podc`clbt ~ip fitbfuhkit s ~ip fbt bfuhkbt+ îp i|pi& ot|b dufhckbdcôk §lo jodji· po~potok|b uk ~uk|i lo~bp|clb& i homip& uk ~uk|i lo ckafozcôk |oôpcdi ok of lotbppiffi lo tut db~bdclblot& ok of

omopdcdci pot~iktb`fo lo tut lopodjit s& ~ip diktceucok|o& ok fb btukdcôk dpè|cdb lo tuti`fcebdcikot s ok of uti pb}ikb`fo lo tu fcòp|bl+

4+ TOD_OKDCBDCÔK LO DIK\OKCLIT

Of ~oktbhcok|i acfitôacdi tuofo |oklop b uk pc|hi dcpdufbp& liklo ukbt duot|cikot ffbhbkckoqc|b`fohok|o b i|pbt ruo sb jbk tcli |pb|blbt i ruo ~ophbkodok býk ~ip diktclopbp& lohbkopb ruo fbt poafozcikot dikaiphbk ukb ot~odco lo iqcffi dik hýf|c~fot ~uk|bt lo fbt ruoto ~uolo& dik of hcthi lopodji& oh~o}bp cklct|ck|bhok|o b |cpbp+ Tudolo b qodot ruo& ~ip

hudji ruo to |cpo& of iqcffi to potct|o ackbfhok|o b lotb~bpodop& b dikqop|cpto ok uk dýhufi lo



?:

jcfit ~opaod|bhok|o lothblomblit o clok|cacdb`fot ~ip to~bpbli& o ckdfuti ruo& dubk|i hât to|cpb lof iqcffi& hât buhok|b tu qifuhok s fb lcacduf|bl ~bpb potifqop tut kulit ck|opkit+Dihi lcmi Hbp|ck Jocloeeop& hât ruo ok bfhbdokbp tifudcikot& fb acfitiaèb diktct|o okbepbqbp fit ~pi`fohbt+

Tck oh`bpei& dikqcoko li|bp b fit dik|okclit lo fb hb|opcb lo ukb dcop|b toduokdcbdcôk uiplok fôecdi ruo ~ophc|b b fit bfuhkit s b fbt bfuhkbt& lbli of kcqof oludb|cqi ok of ruo kitokdik|pbhit s of dbpâd|op kiqoliti lo fb hb|opcb& ipcok|bpto ok offb+ Lo fi dik|pbpci& fbpcruo}b lof ~oktbhcok|i acfitôacdi& oto dbpâd|op iqcffbli lo fit ~pi`fohbt ruo fo ckduhòk&~uolo top ~opdc`cli dihi uk lotiplokbli dbmôk lo tbt|po *lo uk hbf tbt|po& ok ot|o dbti#& okof ruo fbt |oipèbt ki ~btbpèbk lo top hât ruo hopbt i~ckcikot& poqot|clbt& oti tè& dik fbt tolbthât qct|itbt ruo uk fokeubmo b`t|puti to ~uolo ~pidupbp+

îp ot|b pb}ôk& of iplok lo dik|okclit ruo aceupb ok of Pobf Lodpo|i ruo acmb fbt oktoòbk}bthèkchbt lof @bdjcffopb|i to bk|imb pb}ikb`fo s b ãf to jb doòcli of iplok lo dik|okclit lokuot|pi fc`pi+ Dippot~iklopâ lot~uãt bf ~piaotipbli ot|b`fodop fit |coh~it s fit pc|hit hâtblodublit ok of lotbppiffi lo |bfot dik|okclit& |okcokli ok duok|b ruo fb hb|opcb to jbot|pud|upbli dikaipho b lit epbklot ~bp|ot& toeýk to podikido ok of liduhok|i poaopcli= oftbòp acfitôacdi s fbt lct|ck|bt dikdo~dcikot lof top juhbki& ~ip uk fbli& s fb auklbhok|bdcôklo fb dculblbkèb& ~ip i|pi+

Dik dbpâd|op ~pi~olãu|cdi& of Pobf Lodpo|i ckdfuso uk ~pchop `firuo lo dik|okclit dihukotruo to jbdo dbpei lo fit ckt|puhok|it& fbt db~bdclblot s fit i`mo|cqit ~pidolchok|bfot ruodih~ip|b fb hb|opcb s ruo loòpâk top |pb`bmblit s ~opaoddcikblit& ok fb holclb lo fi~itc`fo& b fi fbpei lof dupti+




^piepbhbdcôk lo fbt ukclblot



?3

@FIR_O 2+ OF TB@OP ACFITÔACDI

_kclbl 2+ Acfitiaèb& dcokdcb s i|pit hilofit lo tbòp

( ¹Ruã ot fb acfitiaèb9( Acfitiaèb s dcokdcb( Acfitiaèb s i|pbt aiphbt lo tbòp

_kclbl 0+ Fb acfitiaèb dihi pbdcikbfclbl |oôpcdb= qoplbl s pobfclbl

( Lo fb dcokdcb bk|ceub b fb dcokdcb hilopkb( Dpè|cdbt lo fb pb}ôk |oôpcdb( Fb pb}ôk ckackc|b( Fb pb}ôk ackc|b

_kclbl 4+ Fb acfitiaèb dihi pbdcikbfclbl ~pâd|cdb= ã|cdb s acfitiaèb ~ifè|cdb

( Acfitiaèb §huklbkb· s pb}ôk ~pâd|cdb( Fit ck|opotot lo fb pb}ôk s tu uti ~pâd|cdi( Fb pb}ôk ~pâd|cdb= lctduptcqb s dihukcdb|cqb( Ã|cdb s acfitiaèb ~ifè|cdb

_kclbl <+ Fbt ~poeuk|bt s ~pi`fohbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb acfitiaèb

( Fit ~pi`fohbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb acfitiaèb( Fb ~poeuk|b ~ip of top( Fb ~poeuk|b ~ip of jih`po

@FIR_O 0+ OF TOP J_HBKI= ÔPTIKB S TIDCOLBL

_kclbl ?+ Fb lchoktcôk `cifôecdb= oqifudcôk s jihckc}bdcôk

( Fb |oipèb lo fb oqifudcôk( Fb oqifudcôk s fb ot~odco juhbkb

( Pot~iktb`cfclbl `cifôecdb lo fb ot~odco juhbkb

_kclbl 1+ Fb lchoktcôk tidciduf|upbf= cklcqclui s top tidcbf

( Fb tckeufbpclbl lo fb tidcolbl juhbkb( O|kidok|pcthi s bf|opclbl( Tidcolbl s juhbkc}bdcôk

_kclbl 5+ Pofbdcôk fckeöèt|cdb s tch`ôfcdb lof tumo|i dik of hukli

( Fb ot~odcbfclbl lof fokeubmo juhbki

( Fokeubmo juhbki s hukli juhbki



12

( Of Ot|bli lo lopodji s tut aiphbt( Ot|bli lo lopodji s lohidpbdcb

_kclbl 2<+ Of Ot|bli s fb loaoktb lo fb ~b}& fit qbfipot lohidpâ|cdit

s fit lopodjit juhbkit

( Foec|chclbl lo fb bddcôk lof Ot|bli( Loaoktb lo fb ~b}( Loaoktb lo fit qbfipot lohidpâ|cdit( Loaoktb lo fit lopodjit juhbkit

_kclbl 2?+ Lohidpbdcb holcâ|cdb s dculblbkèb efi`bf

( Lohidpbdcb s holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk tidcbf( Dculblbkèb s efi`bfc}bdcôk

<+ DPC\OPCIT LO OQBF_BDCÔK

Dikaipho b fi ot|b`fodcli ok of Pobf Lodpo|i 2<15)0>>5& lo 0 lo kiqcoh`po& ~ip of ruo toot|b`fodo fb ot|pud|upb lof @bdjcffopb|i s to acmbk tut oktoòbk}bt hèkchbt& fit dpc|opcit looqbfubdcôk lo fb hb|opcb lo Acfitiaèb s Dculblbkèb tik fit tceucok|ot=

2+ Podikidop s oz~fcdbp dik ~podctcôk s pceip fb ot~odcacdclbl lo fb acfitiaèb& lct|ckeucãklifb

lo i|pit tbòpot i hilit lo oz~fcdbdcôk lo fb pobfclbl& lcaopokdcbkli tu qop|cok|o |oôpcdbs ~pâd|cdb& dok|pâklito ok fbt ~poeuk|bt s ~pi`fohbt auklbhok|bfot+

Dik ot|o dpc|opci to |pb|b lo dih~pi`bp ruo to dih~poklo fi ot~odèacdi lof tbòpacfitôacdi s of |c~i lo ~poeuk|bt ruo ot|o tu~iko& btè dihi of epbli lo ~podctcôk s pceipbfdbk}bli dik fb oz~fcdbdcôk lo fit dikdo~|it s ~poeuk|bt ~fbk|oblbt& |bk|i lo aiphb ipbfdihi ~ip otdpc|i+ To |pb|bpèb ki tifi lo dih~poklop& tcki |bh`cãk lo qbfipbp fbtb~ip|bdcikot lof bkâfctct acfitôacdi b fit epbklot ~pi`fohbt lo kuot|pi |coh~i+

0+ Pb}ikbp dik bpeuhok|bdcikot c̀ok dikt|puclbt& pobfc}bkli uk bkâfctct dpè|cdi sofbìpbkli ukb poafozcôk blodublb ok |ipki b fit dikidchcok|it blrucpclit+

Dik ot|o dpc|opci to ~po|oklo diktifclbp s poaip}bp fb db~bdclbl lo dih~poklop s oz~potbplo aiphb dpè|cdb s poafozcqb fbt b~ip|bdcikot hât ch~ip|bk|ot lof ~oktbhcok|i iddclok|bf&jusokli lo fb po|okdcôk hodâkcdb lo lb|it& lo fb po~piluddcôk bdpè|cdb s lo fbch~piqctbdcôk s tu~opacdcbfclbl dik|pbpcbt bf ~pidotbhcok|i bd|cqi s poafozcqi lo fitkuoqit dikdo~|it s |oipèbt+ Ot|o dpc|opci to ~ilpâ dih~pi`bp b |pbqãt lof bkâfctct sdihok|bpci lo |oz|it& fb pobfc}bdcôk lo hb~bt dikdo~|ubfot& fbt ~puo`bt otdpc|bt& fbtoz~itcdcikot ipbfot s fit |pb`bmit hikiepâacdit& ok|po i|pit ~pidolchcok|it+

4+ Oz~ikop bpeuhok|bdcikot s dih~ikop |oz|it ~pi~cit ok fit ruo to fiepo ukb ck|oepbdcôklo fbt lcqoptbt ~opt~od|cqbt s to bqbkdo ok fb aiphbdcôk lo uk ~oktbhcok|i bu|ôkihi+



10

Ot|o dpc|opci ~po|oklo qbfipbp ruo of bfuhkbli ot db~b} lo dikt|pucp s okpcruodop tut~pi~cbt i~ckcikot& |pb`bmbkli lo aiphb bd|cqb s dikt|pud|cqb of foebli duf|upbf ot~odèacdilo ot|b hb|opcb+ ^bpb dih~pi`bpfi& topâk clôkobt fbt bd|cqclblot lo |c~i poafozcqi& ok fbtruo& lo hili tcekcacdb|cqi s aukdcikbf& to pofbdcikok kuoqit dik|okclit ok|po tè dik

âh`c|it lo oz~opcokdcb& oz~potbkli lo aiphb dfbpb s dijopok|o of potuf|bli lof |pb`bmi lodih~poktcôk s lo poafozcôk+ Bfeukit ofohok|it qbfcitit& ok ot|o tok|cli& ~uolok top= fbtdih~itcdcikot acfitôacdbt& fbt ckqot|cebdcikot cklcqclubfot s ok oruc~i& fb ~po~bpbdcôk spobfc}bdcôk lo lo`b|ot s of lcbpci lo dfbto+

<+ _|cfc}bp s qbfipbp of lcâfiei dihi aiphb lo b~pizchbdcôk difod|cqb b fb qoplbl s dihi~pidoti ck|opki lo dikt|puddcôk lo b~poklc}bmot tcekcacdb|cqit& podikidcokli s~pbd|cdbkli fit qbfipot ck|pèktodit lof lcâfiei dihi of pot~o|i hu|ui& fb tckdopclbl& fb|ifopbkdcb7 ok loackc|cqb& fit qbfipot lohidpâ|cdit+

Dik ot|o dpc|opci to |pb|b lo dih~pi`bp of epbli lo dih~poktcôk o ck|opcipc}bdcôk loftok|cli lof lcâfiei pbdcikbf s lo fbt diklcdcikot kodotbpcbt ~bpb tu lotbppiffi& tuomodudcôk s tu ~fbthbdcôk ok fb ~pâd|cdb+

?+ I`|okop ckaiphbdcôk pofoqbk|o b |pbqãt lo lcqoptbt auok|ot& ofbìpbpfb& dik|pbt|bpfb su|cfc}bpfb dpè|cdbhok|o ok of bkâfctct lo ~pi`fohbt acfitôacdit& tidcifôecdit s ~ifè|cdit+

Ot|o dpc|opci |pb|b lo dih~pi`bp fb db~bdclbl lo tofoddcikbp s hbkombp ckaiphbdcikotlcqoptbt& lotlo fbt hât oz~opcokdcbfot jbt|b fbt hât dcok|èacdbt& ~btbkli ~ip fbtlcqufeb|cqbt s fbt dik|okclbt ok fit holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk s lo ckaiphbdcôk& btè dihiof lihckci lo fbt lot|po}bt lo dbpâd|op eokopbf& dihi fb i`topqbdcôk s fb lotdpc~dcôk& fb

dfbtcacdbdcôk s fb tct|ohb|c}bdcôk& fb dih~bpbdcôk s fb qbfipbdcôk& o|d+& kodotbpcbt ~bpb fbu|cfc}bdcôk dpè|cdb lo lcdjb ckaiphbdcôk+

1+ Dikidop s bkbfc}bp fbt dbpbd|opèt|cdbt ot~odèacdbt lo fi juhbki dihi ukb pobfclbldih~fomb s b`cop|b lo hýf|c~fot oz~potcikot s ~itc`cfclblot& ~piauklc}bkli ok fblcbfãd|cdb kb|upbfo}b s duf|upb& o cklcqclui s top tidcbf& ruo dikt|c|usok b fb ~optikb+

Ot|o dpc|opci |pb|b lo fb db~bdclbl lo dih~poklop o ck|oepbp fbt lcqoptbt lchoktcikot loftop juhbki& ckdclcokli ok fb ch~ip|bkdcb lo fb dikt|puddcôk tidcbf s tch`ôfcdb sqbfipbkli fbt dikdo~dcikot acfitôacdbt lof top juhbki s tu qceokdcb bd|ubf+

5+ Dikidop s qbfipbp fb kb|upbfo}b lo fbt bddcikot juhbkbt ok |bk|i ruo fc`pot&pot~iktb`fot& kiphb|cqbt s |pbktaiphblipbt+

Dik ot|o dpc|opci to |pb|b lo dih~pi`bp fb db~bdclbl ~bpb dih~poklop of tok|cli lo fbpb}ôk ~pâd|cdb s fb kodotclbl lo fb fcòp|bl ~bpb pobfc}bp bddcikot hipbfot s&diktoduok|ohok|o& btuhcp dih~pihctit ã|cdi(~ifè|cdit |bk|i ok of âh`c|i ~optikbf dihitidcbf& poafozcikbkli ot~odcbfhok|o ti`po fb `ýtruolb lo fb aofcdclbl& fb mut|cdcb s fbukcqoptbfclbl lo fit qbfipot ok fb tidcolbl bd|ubf+

:+ Dih~poklop s qbfipbp fbt clobt acfitôacdbt ruo jbk dik|pcùcli& ok lct|ck|it hihok|itjct|ôpcdit& b loackcp fb db|oeipèb lo dculblbki s dculblbkb& lotlo fb Epodcb dfâtcdb jbt|b



14

fb dculblbkèb efi`bf lof hukli dik|oh~ipâkoi& jbdcokli ot~odcbf ãkabtct ok fbCfut|pbdcôk s ok fb auklbhok|bdcôk lo fit lopodjit juhbkit+

Ot|o dpc|opci |pb|b lo oqbfubp tc to jb dih~poklcli fb db|oeipèb lo dculblbki s dculblbkb

dihi |bpob jct|ôpcdb ckbdb`blb s tu auklbhok|bdcôk ã|cdi(~ifè|cdb& btè dihi fbch~ip|bkdcb lo podikidop s ~pbd|cdbp fbt qcp|ulot dèqcdbt ruo ~itc`cfc|bk ukb dikqcqokdcblohidpâ|cdb ok of hbpdi ukcqoptbf lo fit lopodjit juhbkit+

3+ Podikidop s bkbfc}bp fit dikafcd|it fb|ok|ot s ohopeok|ot lo fbt dih~fombt tidcolblotbd|ubfot& tut fiepit s lcacduf|blot& tut dbh`cit s po|it hât ch~ip|bk|ot& ruodik|oz|ubfc}bk fb bd|cqclbl tidci~ifè|cdb lof dculblbki& hbkcaot|bkli ukb bd|c|ul dpè|cdbbk|o |ili ck|ok|i lo mut|cacdbdcôk lo fbt lotceubflblot tidcbfot i tc|ubdcikot lolctdpchckbdcôk+

Ot|o dpc|opci jb lo dih~pi`bp of epbli lo dih~poktcôk lo fit ~pi`fohbt tidcbfot s~ifè|cdit hât pofoqbk|ot lo fb tidcolbl bd|ubf *bkihcb& lotbppbcei& abf|b lo dijotcôk&lo`cfclbl i ozbdop`bdcôk lof tok|chcok|i lo ~op|okokdcb& dikafcd|it pofbdcikblit dik fbtlcaopokdcbt duf|upbfot& dik fbt lotceubflblot tidciodikôhcdbt s lo eãkopi& o|d+# s fitfiepit o ck|ok|it lo tifudcôk ruo iapodok fit iplokbhcok|it mupèlcdit s fit tct|ohbt lo~bp|cdc~bdcôk lohidpâ|cdb+ Btchcthi& |pb|b lo oqbfubp fb bd|c|ul ruo jbk lotbppiffbli fitbfuhkit s fbt bfuhkbt bk|o lcdjit ~pi`fohbt tidcbfot s ~ifè|cdit+

2>+ Toòbfbp fbt lcaopok|ot |oipèbt bdopdb lof ipceok lof ~ilop ~ifè|cdi s tu foec|chbdcôk&clok|cacdbkli fbt ruo auklbhok|bk of Ot|bli lohidpâ|cdi s lo lopodji s bkbfc}bkli fithilofit lo ~bp|cdc~bdcôk s lo ck|oepbdcôk ok fb dih~fomb ot|pud|upb tidcbf lo uk hukli

ok ~pidoti lo efi`bfc}bdcôk+Dik ot|o dpc|opci to |pb|b lo qbfipbp fb btchcfbdcôk lof ipceok s fb foec|chclbl lof ~ilop~ifè|cdi& lo fbt lcaopok|ot dikdo~dcikot lof Ot|bli s lo fb auklbhok|bdcôk saukdcikbhcok|i lo fb lohidpbdcb& bkbfc}bkli fbt ~itc`cfclblot s of loòp lo ck|opqokdcôklof dculblbki s lo fb dculblbkb& |ihbkli dikdcokdcb lo fb kodotclbl lo ~bp|cdc~bp ok fbdikt|puddcôk lo uk hukli hât juhbki+

?+ DIK\OKCLIT \PBKTQOPTBFOT

Ok ukb dikdo~dcôk ck|oepbf lo fb oludbdcôk& fit |ohbt |pbktqoptbfot tik auklbhok|bfot ~bpb~pidupbp ruo of bfuhkbli blrucopb dih~ip|bhcok|it pot~iktb`fot ok fb tidcolbl& pot~o|bklifbt clobt s fbt dpookdcbt lo fit lohât+

Ot|it |ohbt —ffbhblit |pbktqoptbfot ~ipruo ki dippot~iklok lo hili ozdfutcqi b ukb ýkcdbâpob oludb|cqb& tcki ruo ot|âk ~potok|ot lo hbkopb efi`bf ok fit i`mo|cqit s dik|okclit lo|ilbt offbt— dik|pcùcpâk b ruo fb oludbdcôk lo fit ot|ulcbk|ot to ffoqo b dbì dik ukb hbsipukclbl lo dpc|opci ok|po |ilbt fbt hb|opcbt+

Offi to ~uolo diktoeucp ~pot|bkli b|okdcôk& ok of hihok|i ok ruo to ~fbkcacdbk fbt lcqoptbt

hb|opcbt& b bruoffit dik|okclit ruo |cokok dbpâd|op ck|oplctdc~fckbp+



1<

Tcekcacdbli lo fit dik|okclit |pbktqoptbfot

Oludbdcôk ~bpb of diktuhi^fbk|ob=( Blrucpcp otruohbt lo lodctcôk ruo diktclopok |ilbt fbt bf|opkb|cqbt s oaod|it

cklcqclubfot s tidcbfot lof diktuhi+( Lotbppiffbp uk dikidchcok|i lo fit hodbkcthit lof hopdbli& btè dihi lo fit lopodjit

lof diktuhclip+( Dpobp ukb dikdcokdcb dpè|cdb bk|o of diktuhi+

Oludbdcôk ~bpb fb tbful^fbk|ob lit |c~it lo i`mo|cqit=( Lotbppiffbp jâ`c|it lo tbful+( Blrucpcp uk dikidchcok|i ~piepotcqi lof duop~i& lo tut ~pckdc~bfot bkihbfèbt s

okaopholblot& s lo fb aiphb lo ~poqokcpfbt s dupbpfbt+

Oludbdcôk ~bpb fit lopodjit juhbkit s fb ~b}ôptceuo=( ^poaopcp fb tifudcôk lcbfieblb i diktoktublb bk|ot ruo of dikafcd|i+( Eokopbp ~itcdcikot lo loaoktb lo fb ~b} holcbk|o of dikidchcok|i lo ~optikbt o

ckt|c|udcikot tcekcacdb|cqbt+

Oludbdcôk ~bpb fb ceubflbl ok|po tozit

\coko dihi i`mo|cqit=( Diktifclbp jâ`c|it ki lctdpchckb|ipcit+( Lotbppiffbp fb bu|iot|chb s fb dikdo~dcôk lof ~pi~ci duop~i dihi oz~potcôk lo fb

~optikbfclbl+( Bkbfc}bp dpè|cdbhok|o fb pobfclbl s dippoecp mucdcit tozct|bt+

Oludbdcôk bh`cok|bf^po|oklo=( Dikdcokdcbp bdopdb lof lo|opcipi lof holci bh`cok|o s lo fbt dbutbt ruo fi ~piludok+( Ckafucp ok fbt bd|c|ulot ruo ùtdbk fb diktopqbdcôk lof holci bh`cok|o+

Oludbdcôk huf|cduf|upbf^po|oklo=( Lot~op|bp of ck|opãt ~ip dikidop i|pbt duf|upbt lcaopok|ot+( Lotbppiffbp bd|c|ulot lo pot~o|i s difbìpbdcôk dik i|pbt duf|upbt+

Oludbdcôk qcbf^pi~iko lit i`mo|cqit auklbhok|bfot=( Lotbppiffbp diklud|bt s jâ`c|it ruo homipok fb toeupclbl qcbf+( Lot~op|bp fb toktc`cfclbl bk|o fit bddclok|ot lo |pâacdi s tut po~opdutcikot odikôhcdbt s

tidcbfot+

Oludbdcôk ~bpb fb dikqcqokdcb



1?

^po|oklo oludbp ok of ~fupbfcthi& ok lit lcpoddcikot=( Abqipodop of lcâfiei dihi aiphb lo tifudcikbp fbt lctdpo~bkdcbt ok|po cklcqcluit s

epu~it+( Pot~o|bp fb bu|ikihèb& fbt aiphbt lo ~oktbp s fit dih~ip|bhcok|it lo i|pit+

Oludbdcôk tozubfTut i`mo|cqit tik=( Diktifclbp bd|c|ulot lo kb|upbfclbl ok of |pb|bhcok|i lo |ohbt pofbdcikblit dik fb

tozubfclbl+( Blrucpcp ckaiphbdcôk tuacdcok|o s dcok|èacdb lo |ilit fit bt~od|it pofb|cqit b fb

tozubfclbl+

1+( CKT\P_HOK\IT LO OQBF_BDCÔK

To pobfc}bpâ ukb ~puo`b otdpc|b |pbt dblb ukclbl lclâd|cdb i `firuo |ohâ|cdi+I`topqbdcôk tct|ohâ|cdb= otdbfbt lo i`topqbdcôk& dublopki lo dfbto s lcbpcit lo dfbto+Fb btct|okdcb b dfbto to qbfipbpâ toeýk fit dpc|opcit ot|b`fodclit ~ip of dok|pi+\pbt dblb Totcôk lo Oqbfubdcôk of bfuhkbli ruo ki |okeb tu~opblb fb oqbfubdcôk bk|opcip&pobfc}bpâ ukb ^puo`b lo Podu~opbdcôk lo fit Dikidchcok|it ki Blrucpclit+Ok fb ^puo`b Oz|pbiplckbpcb lo To~|coh`po to pobfc}bpâ ukb ~puo`b otdpc|b ti`po fitdikidchcok|it s dik|okclit ki bfdbk}blit lupbk|o of dupti+

5+( FC@PI LO \OZ\I

Ki to porucopo fc`pi lo |oz|i+Of Lo~bp|bhok|i lo Acfitiaèb ki |coko hb|opcbf ckqok|bpcb`fo+ @âtcdbhok|o kuot|pi hb|opcbf tofchc|b b ukit fc`pit lo |oz|i abdcfc|blit ~ip fbt olc|ipcbfot s dbpodo ~ip dih~fo|i lo dubfrucopi`pb lo diktuf|b+




_KCLBL 2



11

I@MO\CQIT LCLÂD\CDIT

2+ Dih~poklop of tok|cli lof tbòp acfitôacdi ok pofbdcôk dik fbt i~ckcikot s dpookdcbt ruodikaiphbk kuot|pb qctcôk lof hukli+0+ Bkbfc}bp fbt tchcfc|ulot s lcaopokdcbt ok|po fbt dcokdcbt kb|upbfot s fbt dcokdcbt juhbkbt+4+ Dih~poklop of li`fo ck|opãt& |oôpcdi s ~pâd|cdi& lo fb acfitiaèb s tu pofbdcôk dik of bp|o s

fb pofcecôk+


2+2+ Podikido fit pbteit ruo dbpbd|opc}bk fb acfitiaèb dihi bd|cqclbl dpè|cdb& ~ý`fcdb spoafozcqb+

0+2+ Clok|cacdb fbt dbpbd|opèt|cdbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb dcokdcb+0+0+ Bkbfc}b fit ~pi`fohbt auklbhok|bfot s fit âh`c|it ~pckdc~bfot lo ckqot|cebdcôk lo fbt

dcokdcbt kb|upbfot s lo fbt dcokdcbt juhbkbt+4+2+ Bkbfc}b fb acfitiaèb s i|pit hilofit lo tbòp+4+0+ Poafozcikb ti`po fb clob lo ukb acfitiaèb ~pâd|cdb s ti`po fit qèkdufit ruo hbk|coko fb

acfitiaèb dik of bp|o s dik fb pofcecôk+

DIK\OKCLIT

( Acfitiaèb s dpè|cdb+( Dih~poktcôk lof ipceok s lof tok|cli lof tbòp acfitôacdi+( Loackcdcôk lof dikdo~|i lo dpè|cdb+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb acfitiaèb dihi bd|cqclbl ~pi~cb lo topot juhbkit fc`pot o ceubfot+

( Acfitiaèb s dcokdcb+( Loackcdcôk lof dikdo~|i lo dcokdcb+( Dikidchcok|i lo fb lcaopokdcb ok|po dcokdcbt kb|upbfot s dcokdcbt juhbkbt+

( Podikidchcok|i lof ~b~of lotoh~oòbli ~ip fbt dcokdcbt b fi fbpei lo fb

jct|ipcb s lo tu ckafuokdcb ok of hukli bd|ubf+

( Acfitiaèb s i|pbt aiphbt lo tbòp+( Dikidchcok|i lo fb acfitiaèb ok tu lchoktcôk ~pâd|cdb+( Pofbdcôk lo fb acfitiaèb dik i|pbt aiphbt lo tbòp+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fbt lcqoptbt lchoktcikot lo fb oz~opcokdcb juhbkb+

_KCLBL 0



15


2+ Bkbfc}bp fit pbteit lo fb dcokdcb bk|ceub s lo fb dcokdcb hilopkb+0+ Dih~poklop fit fèhc|ot lof dikidchcok|i |oôpcdi s fbt ~it|upbt dpè|cdbt dik fb pb}ôk

|oôpcdb+4+ Dih~poklop fbt dikdo~dcikot ruo diktclopbk ckackc|b fb db~bdclbl lo fb pb}ôk s bruoffbt

i|pbt ruo pot|pckeok tu bfdbkdo b dcop|bt diklcdcikot ruo ki ~uolo tu~opbp+


2+2+ Lct|ckeuo fit pbteit lo fb dcokdcb hilopkb ok dih~bpbdcôk dik fb bk|ceub s dikido fitpbteit ot~odèacdit lo fb dcokdcb hilopkb+

0+2+ Bkbfc}b fit fèhc|ot lof dikidchcok|i |oôpcdi+0+0+ Dikido fbt ~it|upbt dpè|cdbt dik fb ~itc`cfclbl lof dikidchcok|i |oôpcdi+4+2+ Clok|cacdb s ok|coklo fbt lcaopok|ot dikdo~dcikot lo fb pb}ôk ruo diktclopbk cfchc|blb tu

db~bdclbl ~bpb dikidop fb pobfclbl+4+0+ Dikido fbt ~it|upbt ruo fchc|bk fb db~bdclbl diekitdc|cqb lo fb pb}ôk b dcop|bt

diklcdcikot+

DIK\OKCLIT

( Fb dcokdcb bk|ceub s fb dcokdcb hilopkb+( Dih~poktcôk lo fit pbteit lo fb dcokdcb hilopkb ok dih~bpbdcôk dik fb bk|ceub+( Bkâfctct lo fbt dbpbd|opèt|cdbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb dcokdcb hilopkb s lo tu dpodcok|o

ckafuokdcb tidcbf+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb aukdcôk |oôpcdb s tidcbf lof dikidchcok|i dcok|èacdi+

( Fit fèhc|ot lof dikidchcok|i |oôpcdi s fbt dpè|cdbt b fb pb}ôk |oôpcdb+( Lcaopokdcbdcôk s dih~poktcôk lo fbt lcqoptbt ~it|upbt ti`po fb ~itc c̀fclbl lof

dikidchcok|i |oôpcdi+( Clok|cacdbdcôk lo fbt ~itcdcikot acfitôacdbt dpè|cdbt dik fb pb}ôk |oôpcdb hât pofoqbk|ot=

oh~cpcthi& ~pbehb|cthi s pofb|cqcthi+( Bkâfctct lof pofb|cqcthi s tu dikdo~dcôk lo fb dcokdcb+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fbt lct|ck|bt dikdo~dcikot |oôpcdbt dpè|cdbt dik of dikidchcok|i|oôpcdi+

( Of bfdbkdo ckackc|i s fb db~bdclbl cfchc|blb lo fb pb}ôk+( Lcaopokdcbdcôk s dih~poktcôk lo fbt lcqoptbt dikdo~dcikot lo fb §pb}ôk ckackc|b·+( Clok|cacdbdcôk lo fbt ~itcdcikot acfitôacdbt hât pofoqbk|ot ruo diktclopbk ckackc|i of

bfdbkdo lo fb pb}ôk o cfchc|blb tu db~bdclbl= pbdcikbfcthi& lolud|cqcthi o clobfcthi+



1:

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fbt lct|ck|bt dikdo~dcikot |oôpcdbt ruo diktclopbk b fb pb}ôk|oôpcdb ckackc|b o cfchc|blb+

( Fb fchc|bdcôk lo fb pb}ôk s fbt diklcdcikot lof dikidchcok|i |oôpcdi+( Lcaopokdcbdcôk s dih~poktcôk lo fbt dikdo~dcikot bpct|i|ãfcdb s gbk|cbkb lof

dikidchcok|i |oôpcdi+( Loackcdcôk lof dikdo~|i lo db|oeipèb s dih~poktcôk lof tcekcacdbli lof dikidchcok|i

ok|oklcli dihi tèk|otct+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fit fèhc|ot lo fb pb}ôk ok of dikidchcok|i lo fb pobfclbl s lo fbtdiklcdcikot b fbt ruo jb lo tiho|opto+

_KCLBL 4


2+ Dih~poklop of tok|cli lo fb pbdcikbfclbl ~pâd|cdb s lo fb acfitiaèb ok tu lchoktcôkhuklbkb+0+ Clok|cacdbp fit lct|ck|it ck|opotot lo fb pb}ôk s fbt lcqoptbt dikdo~dcikot lo ot|b ok tu uti

~pâd|cdi+4+ Dikidop fb |oipèb lo fit ck|opotot lo Jb`ophbt s tu pofbdcôk dik ukb ã|cdb lctduptcqb s

dihukcdb|cqb+

<+ Bkbfc}bp fb pofbdcôk ok|po ã|cdb s acfitiaèb ~ifè|cdb& btè dihi fbt lct|ck|bt lchoktcikot saukdcikot ruo ckdip~ipbk |bfot dikdo~|it+


2+2+ Podikido of tok|cli ~pâd|cdi s huklbki lo fb acfitiaèb+0+2+ Bkbfc}b fb dikdo~dcôk oh~cpct|b lo fb pb}ôk s fb pofbdcôk ruo ot|b hbk|coko dik fbt

~btcikot+0+0+ Bkbfc}b fb dikdo~dcôk gbk|cbkb lo fb pb}ôk s fb pofbdcôk ruo ot|b hbk|coko dik fbt

ckdfckbdcikot kb|upbfot+4+2+ Clok|cacdb fit |ãphckit s bt~od|it auklbhok|bfot lo fb ã|cdb lof lctdupti+<+2+ Dikido fbt lct|ck|bt lchoktcikot s aukdcikot lo fb ã|cdb s lo fb acfitiaèb ~ifè|cdb s fit

qèkdufit ok|po bh`bt+

DIK\OKCLIT

( Acfitiaèb huklbkb s pb}ôk ~pâd|cdb+( Loackcdcôk lo fb pb}ôk ~pâd|cdb s lo tut dbpbd|opot otokdcbfot+( Podikidchcok|i lof tok|cli ~pâd|cdi s huklbki lo fb acfitiaèb+



13

( Qbfipbdcôk lof tok|cli ~pâd|cdi s ukcqoptbf lo fb acfitiaèb+

( Fit ck|opotot lo fb pb}ôk s tu uti ~pâd|cdi+( Loackcdcôk lo fb kidcôk lo ck|opãt+( Dikidchcok|i lo fb |oipèb oh~cpct|b lo fb pb}ôk ~pâd|cdb+( Dikidchcok|i lo fb |oipèb gbk|cbkb lo fb pb}ôk ~pâd|cdb+

( Qbfipbdcôk lof ~b~of ruo ~uolo lotoh~oòbp fb pb}ôk pot~od|i lo fbt ~btcikoto ckdfckbdcikot kb|upbfot lof top juhbki+

( Dihukcdbdcôk s lctdupti+( Clok|cacdbdcôk lo fit lcqoptit ck|opotot lof dikidchcok|i& toeýk fb |oipèb lo Möpeok

Jb`ophbt+( Dbpbd|opc}bdcôk lof kuoqi dikdo~|i lo pb}ôk lo fb ã|cdb dihukcdb|cqb+( Loackcdcôk lof dikdo~|i lo lctdupti+

( Poafozcôk ti`po fit ~pckdc~cit ruo poeufbk *i lo`opèbk poeufbp# fbdihukcdbdcôk ok|po fit topot juhbkit+

( Ã|cdb s acfitiaèb ~ifè|cdb+

( Dikidchcok|i lo fit lcqoptit tcekcacdblit lo fit dikdo~|it lo hipbf s ã|cdb+( Clok|cacdbdcôk lo fbt lchoktcikot ~pcqblb s ~ý`fcdb lo fb ã|cdb+( Dikidchcok|i lof qèkdufi ok|po ã|cdb s acfitiaèb ~ifè|cdb+

( Qbfipbdcôk lof ~b~of ruo ~uolo lotoh~oòbp fb acfitiaèb ~ifè|cdb dik qct|bt bbfdbk}bp ukb dikt|c|udcôk dcqcf mut|b+

_KCLBL <


2+ Dikidop fit ~pi`fohbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb acfitiaèb o clok|cacdbp fbt ~pckdc~bfot |oipèbtti`po fb kb|upbfo}b ýf|chb lo fb pobfclbl+0+ Dih~poklop of tok|cli lo fb ~poeuk|b ~ip of top& btè dihi fit dikdo~|it auklbhok|bfot

ruo jbk oh~fobli fbt lct|ck|bt |oipèbt s dippcok|ot acfitôacdbt+4+ Bkbfc}bp of tok|cli acfitôacdi lo fb ~poeuk|b ~ip of jih`po s tut diktoduokdcbt |oôpcdi(

~pâd|cdbt+



5>


2+2+ Clok|cacdb fit ~pi`fohbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb acfitiaèb s fbt ~pckdc~bfot ~opt~od|cqbtti`po fb kb|upbfo}b ýf|chb lo fb pobfclbl+

2+0+ Bkbfc}b of dikdo~|i lo pobfclbl s of ~pi`fohb lof dbh`ci+0+2+ Dih~poklo of tok|cli lo fb ~poeuk|b ~ip of top s of tcekcacdbli lo fit dikdo~|it

auklbhok|bfot ruo& |pblcdcikbfhok|o& to jbk oh~fobli ok tut lct|ck|bt aiphufbdcikotacfitôacdbt+

4+2+ Ok|coklo of tok|cli acfitôacdi lo fb ~poeuk|b ~ip of jih`po s tu pofbdcôk dik fitck|opotot lo fb pb}ôk= tbòp& loòp s aofcdclbl+

4+0+ Dikido fb oqifudcôk lo fb ~poeuk|b ~ip of jih`po ok of ~oktbhcok|i hilopki s~it|opciphok|o+

DIK\OKCLIT

( Fit ~pi`fohbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb acfitiaèb s fb ~poeuk|b ~ip fb kb|upbfo}b ýf|chb lofb pobfclbl+( Dikidchcok|i lo fbt lct|ck|bt ~itcdcikot acfitôacdbt ti`po fb kb|upbfo}b ýf|chb lo fb

pobfclbl+( Clok|cacdbdcôk lo fb lcaopokdcb ok|po ho|baètcdbt hikct|bt& ho|baètcdbt lubfct|bt s

ho|baètcdbt ~fupbfct|bt+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb acfitiaèb dihi poafozcôk bdopdb lof jipc}ik|o lo tok|cliti`po of ruo to lotbppiffbk fit lct|ck|it tbòpot juhbkit+

( Fb ~poeuk|b ~ip of top+( Dih~poktcôk lof tok|cli acfitôacdi lo fb ~poeuk|b ~ip of top+( Dikidchcok|i lo fit dikdo~|it auklbhok|bfot ruo bp|cdufbk fb poafozcôk acfitôacdb ti`po

of top+

( Qbfipbdcôk lof tok|cli lo fb ~poeuk|b ~ip of top dihi btuk|i auklbhok|bf lofb poafozcôk acfitôacdb+

( Podikidchcok|i lof tok|cli acfitôacdi lo fbt clobt lo hukli s lo qoplbl+

( Fb ~poeuk|b ~ip of jih`po+( Dikidchcok|i lo fit lct|ck|it ck|opotot lo fb pb}ôk s lof ~b~of ruo lotoh~oòb fb ~poeuk|b~ip of jih`po dihi kozi s bp|cdufbdcôk+

( Dih~poktcôk lof tcekcacdbli lof |ohb lo fb §huop|o lof jih`po·+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fbt lct|ck|bt clobt acfitôacdbt ti`po of jih`po s lo tu ckdclokdcbok of dikmuk|i lo tbòpot s lctdc~fckbt ruo dikaiphbk fb oz~opcokdcbjuhbkb+



52

_KCLBL ?


2+ Dikidop fbt |otct auklbhok|bfot lo fb |oipèb lo fb oqifudcôk s tu ch~bd|i duf|upbf ok fbqctcôk lof hukli+0+ Dikidop of ~pidoti lo jihckc}bdcôk s fbt dbpbd|opèt|cdbt `cifôecdbt lct|ck|cqbt lof top

juhbki+4+ Dih~poklop fb ck|opkb bp|cdufbdcôk lo fi ckkb|i s fi blrucpcli& fi `cifôecdi s fi duf|upbf&

ok of top juhbki+<+ Podikidop fb pot~iktb`cfclbl c̀ifôecdb lo fb ot~odco juhbkb s fb kodotclbl lo bli~|bp

uk dpc|opci lo lotbppiffi tit|okc`fo+


2+2+ Oz~fcdb fbt |otct auklbhok|bfot lof oqifudcikcthi s tu po~opdutcôk duf|upbf+2+0+ Bkbfc}b fbt dikautcikot ok|po dcokdcb& cloifieèb s pofcecôk ok of |ohb lo fb oqifudcôk+0+2+ Clok|cacdb fbt dbpbd|opèt|cdbt lct|ck|cqbt lof top juhbki ok pofbdcôk dik fit lct|ck|it

ot|blcit lo fb jihckc}bdcôk+4+2+ Bkbfc}b fb ukclbl lo fi `cifôecdi s lo fi duf|upbf ok of top juhbki+

<+2+ Podikido fb pot~iktb`cfclbl lof top juhbki pot~od|i b fb qclb ok fb \coppb+

DIK\OKCLIT

( Fb |oipèb lo fb oqifudcôk+( Dikidchcok|i lo fbt clobt auklbhok|bfot lo fb |oipèb lo fb oqifudcôk+( Dih~poktcôk lo fb po~opdutcôk duf|upbf lof oqifudcikcthi+

( Podikidchcok|i lo fit oppipot db|oeipcbfot ruo tu`sbdok b fb dikautcôk ok|podcokdcb s pofcecôk ok of |ohb lof oqifudcikcthi+

( Of ~pidoti lo jihckc}bdcôk+( Dikidchcok|i lo fit ot|blcit oqifu|cqit ruo dikludok b fb b~bpcdcôk lof Jihi tb~cokt+( Dikidchcok|i lo fbt dbpbd|opèt|cdbt lct|ck|cqbt lo fb ot~odco juhbkb+

( Podikidchcok|i lo fit lct|ck|it abd|ipot *eokã|cdit s bh`cok|bfot# ruodikafusok ok fb dikt|c|udcôk ot~odèacdb lof top juhbki+

( @cifieèb s duf|upb+( @ýtruolb lo omoh~fit ruo cfut|pok fb ck|opkb bp|cdufbdcôk ok|po fi ckkb|i s fi blrucpcli ok

of jih`po+



50

( B~podci lof qbfip blb~|b|cqi s |pbktaiphblip lo fb duf|upb+

( Pot~iktb`cfclbl `cifôecdb lo fb ot~odco juhbkb+( @ýtruolb lo ckaiphbdcôk ti`po fbt ~itc`cfclblot lo fb ckeokcopèb eokã|cdb s ti`po of uti

ruo to ot|â jbdcokli lo offb+

( Qbfipbdcôk lof ~ilop `ci|odkifôecdi lo fb ot~odco juhbkb s lo tupot~iktb`cfclbl diktcei hcthb s dik of pot|i lo fit topot qcqit+

_KCLBL 1


2 Poafozcikbp ti`po fb tidcolbl juhbkb dihi lct|bkdcbhcok|i lo fb kb|upbfo}b s of tok|clilof dikdo~|i lo jct|ipcb+0+ Bkbfc}bp fb |oklokdcb bf o|kidok|pcthi s of ~b~of ruo fb o|kifieèb ~uolo lotoh~oòbp

dik|pb fbt bd|c|ulot tidcbfot ozdfusok|ot+4+ Loackcp fb tidcolbl s dih~poklop fb ckafuokdcb lo fbt aiphbt tu`mo|cqbt lo dikidchcok|i

tidcbf ok tu dikaiphbdcôk+<+ Bkbfc}bp fit lcqoptit okairuot ok fb ck|op~po|bdcôk lof top tidcbf lof jih`po+


2+2+ Bkbfc}b fb tidcolbl juhbkb dihi lct|bkdcbhcok|i lo fb kb|upbfo}b s of tok|cli lofdikdo~|i lo jct|ipcb+

0+2+ Loacko of dikdo~|i lo o|kidok|pcthi& toòbfbkli tu po~opdutcôk duf|upbf s tut ~itc`fottok|clit+

0+0+ Dikido fb ch~ip|bkdcb lo fb o|kifieèb dihi bk|èli|i dik|pb of o|kidok|pcthiozdfusok|o+

4+2+ Bkbfc}b fbt aiphbt tu`mo|cqbt lof dikidchcok|i tidcbf dihi dih~ikok|ot lof dikdo~|ilo tidcolbl+

<+2+ Clok|cacdb fit lcqoptit okairuot ok fb ck|op~po|bdcôk lof top tidcbf lof jih`po okpofbdcôk dik fbt lcdi|ihèbt cklcqclubfcthi(lo|ophckcthi tidcbf s kb|upbfo}b(duf|upb+

DIK\OKCLIT

( Fb tckeufbpclbl lo fb tidcolbl juhbkb+( Dikidchcok|i lo fb lcbfãd|cdb ok|po kb|upbfo}b s tidcolbl ok fb ot~odco juhbkb+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb tidcb`cfclbl juhbkb s lo fb jct|ipcb dihi hohipcb lo tut

qbpcbdcikot+



54

( O|kidok|pcthi s bf|opclbl+( @ýtruolb lo hb|opcbfot ruo ckaiphok ti`po of o|kidok|pcthi ok lct|ck|bt duf|upbt+( Dikidchcok|i lo fb bf|opclbl dihi diklcdcôk ~bpb of okduok|pi ok|po duf|upbt+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb ch~ip|bkdcb |oôpcdb s ~pâd|cdb lo fb o|kifieèb s i|pbt dcokdcbtjuhbkbt ~bpb of podikidchcok|i lo fb bf|opclbl duf|upbf+

( Tidcolbl s juhbkc}bdcôk+( Loackcdcôk lo fit ~pidotit lo tidcbfc}bdcôk o cklcqclubfc}bdcôk+( Clok|cacdbdcôk lo fit lo|ophckcthit kb|upbfot s tidciduf|upbfot+

( B~podcbdcôk lo fb cklcqclubfclbl dihi uk qbfip ruo ki to i~iko b fbtidcb`cfclbl juhbkb& tcki ruo fb tu~iko+

( Kb|upbfo}b s duf|upb+( Dikidchcok|i lof qbfip hipbf lo fb duf|upb+

( Dih~poktcôk lof qbfip s fbt ~itc`cfclblot lo fb duf|upb hât bffâ lo tu aukdcôk~pbehâ|cdb s blb~|b|cqb+

_KCLBL 5


2+ Dih~poklop fb ot~odcacdclbl lof fokeubmo juhbki s fbt poefbt ruo dikaiphbk tutlct~itc|cqit tch`ôfcdit+0+ Dikidop fit pbteit lcaopokdcbfot lof fokeubmo juhbki+4+ Pofbdcikbp fit ofohok|it ch~fèdc|it lof fokeubmo juhbki dik of ~pi`fohb lo fb

|pbluddcôk ok|po lcqoptbt fokeubt+<+ Bkbfc}bp fb lchoktcôk acfitôacdb lof fokeubmo+


2+2+ Ot|b`fodo fb ot~odcacdclbl lof fokeubmo juhbki s dikido fbt dfbtot lo poefbt ruo fibp|cdufbk+

2+0+ Toòbfb fbt lcaopokdcbt hât pofoqbk|ot ok|po fb dihukcdbdcôk bkchbf s fb tcekcacdbdcôkjuhbkb+

0+2+ Dbpbd|opc}b fb cklo~oklokdcb lof i`mo|i& fb db~bdclbl lo bu|ippoaopokdcb s fb dpob|cqclbllof fokeubmo juhbki+

4+2+ Bkbfc}b fit ~pi`fohbt ruo dih~ip|b fb |pbluddcôk ok|po lcqoptbt fokeubt s tu pofbdcôkdik fit ofohok|it ch~fèdc|it lof fokeubmo+

<+2+ Oz~fcdb fb lchoktcôk ik|ifôecdb lof fokeubmo& hât bffâ lo top uk holci lo

dihukcdbdcôk s lo poaopokdcb bf hukli+



5<

DIK\OKCLIT

( Fb ot~odcacdclbl lof fokeubmo juhbki+( Dih~poktcôk lo fb lcaopokdcb ok|po fbt aiphbt lo dihukcdbdcôk bkchbf s fb db~bdclbl

tch`ôfcdb lof top juhbki+( Dikidchcok|i lo fit bt~od|it lcaopokdcbfot lof fokeubmo juhbki= cklo~oklokdcb lof

i`mo|i& bu|ippoaopokdcb s dpob|cqclbl+

( Qbfipbdcôk lof fokeubmo juhbki& apok|o b i|pbt aiphbt lo dihukcdbdcôkbkchbf& s lo tut ~itc`cfclblot dpob|cqbt+

( Fbt fokeubt s fit bt~od|it oz~fèdc|it o ch~fèdc|it lof fokeubmo juhbki+

( Bkâfctct lo fbt tchcfc|ulot s fbt lcaopokdcbt ok|po fbt lcqoptbt fokeubt+( Poafozcôk ti`po fb ~itc`cfclbl lo jbdop |pbluddcikot ok|po lcqoptbt fokeubt s fbch~itc`cfclbl lo |pbludcp of fokeubmo juhbki b i|pi tct|ohb lo dihukcdbdcôk+

( Podikidchcok|i lof ~pi`fohb lo fb lcaopokdcb ok|po fokeub s fokeubmo+

( Of fokeubmo s of hukli juhbkit+( Dih~poktcôk lof bfdbkdo lof fokeubmo juhbki s lo tu ck|pbludc`cfclbl b i|pit tct|ohbt

lo dihukcdbdcôk+( Poafozcôk ti`po fb pofbdcôk cklctifu`fo ok|po fokeubmo s hukli+

( Qbfipbdcôk lof fokeubmo dihi bfei ruo ozdolo uk tch~fo holci lodihukcdbdcôk+

( Fokeubmo s aiphb lo qclb+( Poafozcôk ti`po fit fèhc|ot fckeöèt|cdit lo fb dih~poktcôk juhbkb lof hukli+( Dbpbd|opc}bdcôk lof fokeubmo& ok tu lchoktcôk ik|ifôecdb& dihi aiphb lo qclb+

( B~podcbdcôk lof qbfip lo fb dih~poktcôk& lo tut fèhc|ot s lo tu dbpâd|opb`cop|i s ~opaod|c`fo+

( Qbfipbdcôk lof fokeubmo dihi aiphb lo qclb+

_KCLBL :


2+ Dih~poklop of tok|cli acfitôacdi lo fb ~poeuk|b ~ip of jih`po+0+ Poafozcikbp ti`po of jih`po dihi ~pi`fohb ok fb dikdo~dcôk |pâecdb lo fit bk|ceuit

epcoeit+4+ Dikidop fit ~pi`fohbt lo fbt dikdo~dcikot ho|baètcdbt lof top juhbki+



5?

<+ Podikidop of ecpi ruo tu~iko fb Hilopkclbl ~bpb fb ohopeokdcb jct|ôpcdb lof ~pi`fohblof jih`po+?+ Poafozcikbp ti`po fbt kidcikot lo kb|upbfo}b s diklcdcôk b~fcdblbt bf top juhbki+


2+2+ Bkbfc}b of tok|cli acfitôacdi lo fb ~poeuk|b ~ip of jih`po s tut po~opdutcikot |oôpcdi(~pâd|cdbt+

0+2+ Bkbfc}b fb lcdi|ihèb ok|po lot|cki s dbpâd|op dihi pbtei auklbhok|bf lo fb dikdo~dcôk|pâecdb lof jih`po+

4+2+ Clok|cacdb fit ~pi`fohbt lo fbt dikdo~dcikot ho|baètcdbt lof top juhbki+<+2+ Bkbfc}b of dbh`ci pblcdbf ruo tu~iko fb Hilopkclbl ~bpb fb ~pi`fohb|c}bdcôk acfitôacdb

s dcok|èacdb lo fb clob lo jih`po+?+2+ Loacko fbt kidcikot lo kb|upbfo}b s diklcdcôk s bkbfc}b tu ch~ip|bkdcb ~bpb fb

dikdo~dcôk acfitôacdb lof top juhbki+

DIK\OKCLIT

( Fb dikdo~dcôk |pâecdb lo fi juhbki+( Poafozcôk ti`po fb clob lo lot|cki s tu pofbdcôk dik of dbpâd|op+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb qctcôk dfâtcdb ti`po fb otokdcb lof top juhbki ok pofbdcôkdik fb kb|upbfo}b s fbt auop}bt ruo |pbtdcoklok tu qifuk|bl+

( Fb kb|upbfo}b lof jih`po+( Clok|cacdbdcôk lo fit ~pi`fohbt lo fbt ~pckdc~bfot dikdo~dcikot ho|baètcdbt lof top

juhbki+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fbt lct|ck|bt abduf|blot s ~i|okdcbt ruo dikaiphbk fb kb|upbfo}blof top juhbki+

( Fb qctcôk lof jih`po ok fb Olbl Hilopkb+( Dikidchcok|i lo fbt |pbktaiphbdcikot duf|upbfot ruo dikqcp|copik bf jih`po ok of

~pi`fohb auklbhok|bf ~bpb fb acfitiaèb+

( Podikidchcok|i lo fb ckafuokdcb lo fit dbh`cit jct|ôpcdit s acfitôacdit ti`pofb qctcôk ruo of top juhbki |coko lo tè hcthi+

( Kb|upbfo}b s diklcdcôk juhbkb+( Loackcdcôk lo fit dikdo~|it lo kb|upbfo}b s diklcdcôk poaopclit bf top juhbki+( Dikidchcok|i lof tok|cli hipbf s ~ifè|cdi lo fb ~poeuk|b ~ip of jih`po+



51

( Qbfipbdcôk lof tok|cli b`cop|i lo fb ~poeuk|b ~ip of top juhbki+

_KCLBL 3


2+ Podikidop fbt dbpbd|opèt|cdbt lo fb bddcôk juhbkb dihi bddcôk hipbf+0+ Dikidop fit pbteit lo fb fcòp|bl s tu pofbdcôk dik fb bddcôk hipbf+4+ Dikidop fit auklbhok|it lo fb kiphb hipbf& fit lcqoptit hbpdit lo auklbhok|bdcôk lo

fb ã|cdb s fb pofbdcôk ok|po ã|cdb s pot~iktb`cfclbl+


2+2+ Lct|ckeuo ok|po fit dikdo~|it lo bddcôk tidcbf s bddcôk hipbf& fbt dfbtot lo bddcikottidcbfot s fbt dbpbd|opèt|cdbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb bddcôk hipbf+

0+2+ Bkbfc}b fbt hbkcaot|bdcikot ~tcdifôecdbt& hipbfot s ~ifè|cdbt lo fb fcòp|bl& btè dihifit hihok|it ot|pud|upbfot lo fb bddcôk fc`po+

0+0+ Clok|cacdb of ~pi`fohb lo fb fcòp|bl s tu pofbdcôk dik of lotoi+4+2+ Bkbfc}b fbt ~itcdcikot ~pi~cbt lof tidcifiecthi hipbf s lo fb hipbf |oifôecdb+4+0+ Bkbfc}b of dbpâd|op lo fbt kiphbt hipbfot s of tok|cli lof dikdo~|i lo pot~iktb`cfclbl+

DIK\OKCLIT

( Bddcôk tidcbf s bddcôk hipbf+( Loackcdcôk lo fit dikdo~|it lo bddcôk tidcbf s bddcôk hipbf+( Clok|cacdbdcôk lo fbt dfbtot lo bddcôk tidcbf s lo fbt dbpbd|opèt|cdbt ot~odèacdbt lo fb

bddcôk hipbf+

( Qbfipbdcôk lof dikdo~|i lo bddcôk hipbf dihi bddcôk fc`po& pot~iktb`fo s mut|cacdb`fo+

( Fb hipbf dihi ot|pud|upb s fb hipbf dihi dik|okcli+( Lct|ckdcôk lo fb li`fo lchoktcôk lo fb hipbf& dihi dik|okcli s dihi ot|pud|upb+

( Podikidchcok|i lof dbpâd|op dikt|c|u|cqbhok|o hipbf lof top juhbki s lo fblcqoptclbl lo ~pckdc~cit s kiphbt ruo ipcok|bk fb diklud|b+

( Fb fcòp|bl s fb bddcôk hipbf+( Lotdpc~dcôk lo fbt hbkcaot|bdcikot ~tcdifôecdbt& hipbfot s ~ifè|cdbt lo fb fcòp|bl+( Dikidchcok|i lo fit dbpbd|opot lo fb bddcôk fc`po+



55

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb clob lo fc`op|bl s lo fbt diklcdcikot ruo fb jbdok ~itc`fo+

( Of auklbhok|i lo fb kiphb hipbf s fit lcqoptit hbpdit lo auklbhok|bdcôk lo fbã|cdb+( Loackcdcôk lo fit dikdo~|it lo bu|ikihèb s jo|opikihèb hipbfot+( Potuhok lo fbt dbpbd|opèt|cdbt lof tidcifiecthi hipbf s lo fb hipbf |oifôecdb+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fbt ozceokdcbt lo bu|ikihèb s lo tu ch~ip|bkdcb dihiauklbhok|i lo fb ~optikbfclbl+

( B~podcbdcôk lo fb kodotclbl lo b|okopkit b ukb mut|cacdbdcôk pbdcikbf lokuot|pit dpc|opcit lo qbfip s lo lodctcôk hipbf+

_KCLBL 2>


2+ Podikidop fb ch~ip|bkdcb lo fbt clobt lo aofcdclbl s mut|cdcb ok fb dikaceupbdcôk lo fbt|oipèbt ã|cdbt+0+ Poafozcikbp ti`po fb ch~ip|bkdcb lo fit jâ`c|it ok fb aiphbdcôk lo fb ~optikbfclbl s

ti`po of dbpâd|op hipbf lo fb clob lo mut|cdcb+4+ Dikidop fb lcaopokdcb ok|po ã|cdbt hb|opcbfot s ã|cdbt aiphbfot& s of hili dihi ot|it

|c~it lo ã|cdbt mut|cacdbk fbt kiphbt i dpc|opcit hipbfot ruo ~pi~ikok+

<+ Poafozcikbp ti`po of ipceok s of tcekcacdbli lo fit qbfipot+


2+2+ Lct|ckeuo ok|po fbt lct|ck|bt clobt lo aofcdclbl s ok|po fit lct|ck|it tok|clit s dfbtot lo mut|cdcb+

0+2+ Bkbfc}b fb pofbdcôk ok|po bd|it& jâ`c|it s dbpâd|op s fb clob lo mut|cdcb+4+2+ Loacko fbt ã|cdbt aiphbfot s lct|ckeuo fbt lcqoptbt mut|cacdbdcikot aiphbfct|bt lo fb

hipbf+4+0+ Loacko fbt ã|cdbt hb|opcbfot s lotdpc`o fit lcaopok|ot dpc|opcit hipbfot ruo ~pi~ikok+

<+2+ Bkbfc}b of tok|cli lo ukb ã|cdb lo fit qbfipot dihi tèk|otct lo ã|cdb aiphbf s ã|cdbhb|opcbf+

DIK\OKCLIT

( Aofcdclbl s mut|cdcb+( Loackcdcôk lo fb aofcdclbl dihi ack ýf|chi lof top juhbki+( Loackcdcôk lof dikdo~|i lo mut|cdcb s lo tut dfbtot+



5:

( Qbfipbdcôk lof ~b~of ruo lotoh~oòbk fbt clobt lo aofcdclbl s mut|cdcb ok fbdikaiphbdcôk lo fbt |oipèbt ã|cdbt+

( Ã|cdbt aiphbfot s loik|ifôecdbt+( Loackcdcôk lof aiphbfcthi ã|cdi gbk|cbki+( Potuhok lo fbt ~pckdc~bfot |oipèbt ã|cdbt aiphbfot= aiphbfcthi ozct|okdcbfct|b&

aiphbfcthi bkbfè|cdi& ã|cdb dihukcdb|cqb& |oipèb ~pidolchok|bf lo fb mut|cdcb+

( B~podcbdcôk lo fbt epbklot |oipèbt ã|cdbt aiphbfot ok pofbdcôk dik fit po|it lofb tidcolbl bd|ubf+

( Ã|cdbt hb|opcbfot s |ofoifôecdbt+( Potuhok lo fbt ~pckdc~bfot |oipèbt ã|cdbt hb|opcbfot= jolikcthi& oulohikcthi&

u|cfc|bpcthi+

( B~podcbdcôk lo fbt epbklot |oipèbt ã|cdbt hb|opcbfot ok pofbdcôk dik fit po|itlo fb tidcolbl bd|ubf+

( Ã|cdbt lo fit qbfipot+( Potuhok lo fb ã|cdb lo fit qbfipot dihi tèk|otct lo ã|cdb aiphbf s ã|cdb hb|opcbf+

( Dih~poktcôk lof ~b~of ruo lotoh~oòbk fit qbfipot ok fb dikt|puddcôk lo ukb|oipèb ã|cdb bd|ubf+

_KCLBL 22


2+ Dikidop fb li`fo lchoktcôk& ~ifè|cdb s duf|upbf& lof dikdo~|i lo dculblbkèb+0+ Dikidop fit lcqoptit tcekcacdblit lo fit dikdo~|it lo kbdcôk s Ot|bli& ti`po fit ruo to

btcok|bk fit lcaopok|ot hilofit lo dculblbkèb+4+ Clok|cacdbp fbt db|oeipèbt auklbhok|bfot lo dusb ck|op~po|bdcôk lo~oklo fb kidcôk lo

dculblbkèb= ~op|okokdcb& ck|oepbdcôk& ~bp|cdc~bdcôk& ckdfutcôk s ozdfutcôk+<+ Dikidop fb eãkotct jct|ôpcdb s fb oqifudcôk lof dikdo~|i lo dculblbkèb ok Epodcb& ok

Pihb s ok fb Cfut|pbdcôk+?+ Dih~poklop fit lcqoptit hilofit lo dculblbkèb ok fb bd|ubfclbl *fc`opbf& po~u`fcdbki&

dihukc|bpct|b#& btè dihi fb clob lo ukb dculblbkèb huf|cduf|upbf s of pot~o|i lo fbt qcp|ulotdèqcdbt+


2+2+ Aiphufb fb li`fo lchoktcôk& ~ifè|cdb s duf|upbf& lof dikdo~|i lo dculblbkèb+0+2+ Bkbfc}b of ~b~of ruo lotoh~oòbk ok fit lcaopok|ot hilofit lo dculblbkèb fit dikdo~|it



53

lo kbdcôk s Ot|bli+4+2+ Loacko fbt db|oeipèbt ~ifè|cdbt auklbhok|bfot lo ~op|okokdcb& ck|oepbdcôk& ~bp|cdc~bdcôk&

ckdfutcôk s ozdfutcôk+<+2+ Oz~fcdb fb eãkotct jct|ôpcdb s of lotbppiffi lof dikdo~|i acfitôacdi lo dculblbkèb+

?+2+ Bkbfc}b fit hilofit lo dculblbkèb ok fb bd|ubfclbl s tu pofbdcôk dik fb clob lo ukbdculblbkèb huf|cduf|upbf s of pot~o|i lo fbt qcp|ulot dèqcdbt+

DIK\OKCLIT

( Dikdo~|i lo dculblbkèb+( Loackcdcôk lo fb lchoktcôk ~ifè|cdb lo fb dculblbkèb+( Loackcdcôk lo fb lchoktcôk duf|upbf lo fb dculblbkèb+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb clok|clbl duf|upbf s lo fb clok|clbl mupèlcdi(~ifè|cdb+

( Kbdcôk s Ot|bli+( Loackcdcôk lo fit dikdo~|it lo kbdcôk s Ot|bli+( Loackcdcôk lo fit dikdo~|it lo tý`lc|i s dculblbki+

( Poafozcôk ti`po fit lcqoptit tok|clit lo fbt clobt lo kbdcôk s Ot|bli+( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb clob lo dculblbki dihi bk|è|otct& ok dcop|i tok|cli& lo fb

kidcôk lo tý`lc|i+

( Db|oeipèbt lof dikdo~|i lo dculblbkèb+

( Clok|cacdbdcôk s loackcdcôk lo fbt db|oeipèbt lo ~op|okokdcb& ck|oepbdcôk& ~bp|cdc~bdcôk&ozdfutcôk o ckdfutcôk+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb lcaopokdcb ok|po fbt kidcikot lo dculblbkèb ck|oepblb *sozdfusok|o# s dculblbkèb lcaopokdcblb *o ckdfusok|o#+

( Eãkotct s oqifudcôk lof dikdo~|i lo dculblbkèb+( Bkâfctct lof tok|cli epcoei *bpct|i|ãfcdi# lo dculblbkèb+( Bkâfctct lof tok|cli dithi~ifc|b lo fb dculblbkèb ok of ot|icdcthi+( Bkâfctct lof tok|cli cfut|pbli lof dikdo~|i lo dculblbkèb+

( B~podcbdcôk lo fit dbh`cit jct|ôpcdit s acfitôacdit lof dikdo~|i lo dculblbkèbs lo tu ckafuokdcb ok fbt dikdo~dcikot ~ifè|cdbt s acfitôacdbt lo fbbd|ubfclbl+

( Hilofit lo dculblbkèb+( Bkâfctct lof dikdo~|i lo dculblbkèb ok fb |pblcdcôk fc`opbf+( Bkâfctct lof dikdo~|i lo dculblbkèb ok fb |pblcdcôk po~u`fcdbkb+( Bkâfctct lo fb clob lo ukb dculblbkèb huf|cduf|upbf i lcaopokdcblb+



:>

( Poafozcôk ti`po fit lcaopok|ot hilofit lo dculblbkèb s ti`po fbt lcqoptbt|pblcdcikot ~ifè|cdbt ok fb bd|ubfclbl+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb clob lo ukb dculblbkèb `btblb ok of pot~o|i lo fbt qcp|ulot

dèqcdbt+

_KCLBL 20


2+ Bkbfc}bp fb kb|upbfo}b lof top juhbki s tu ch~ip|bkdcb ok of ipceok lo fb tidcolbl+0+ Dikidop s oz~fcdbp fb kb|upbfo}b hýf|c~fo s dih~fomb lof ~ilop+

4+ Oz~fcdbp fb lct|ckdcôk ok|po foebfclbl s foec|chclbl& btè dihi fbt dfbtot lo foec|chbdcôk sfb lcqctcôk lo ~ilopot+<+ Oz~fcdbp s qbfipbp fb clob s fbt hilbfclblot jct|ôpcdbt lof dik|pb|i tidcbf& btè dihi tu

tok|cli bd|ubf dik qct|bt b fb aiphbdcôk lo ukb dikdcokdcb dculblbkb+


2+2+ Toòbfb fit lcaopok|ot ackot s fbt dbutbt ruo oz~fcdbk of ipceok lo fb tidcolbl+0+2+ Bkbfc}b fit lcaopok|ot tcekcacdblit lof ~ilop s ok ruã tok|cli dbò lct|ckeucp ok|po of

~ilop s fb auop}b+

4+2+ Lct|ckeuo s loacko fit dikdo~|it lo foebfclbl s foec|chclbl+4+0+ Clok|cacdb s lotdpcò fbt dfbtot lo foec|chbdcôk lof ~ilop s fbt ckt|bkdcbt ruo dih~ikok

fb hilopkb lcqctcôk lo ~ilopot+<+2+ Bkbfc}b fbt |oipèbt dik|pbd|ubfct|bt dihi ukb aiphb lo oz~fcdbp of ipceok lo fb tidcolbl

~ifè|cdb+

DIK\OKCLIT

( Of top juhbki s fb tidcolbl+

( Pofbdcôk ok|po fbt kodotclblot kb|upbfot s of dbpâd|op ~ifè|cdi lof top juhbki+( Loackcdcôk lo fbt kidcikot lo ot|bli lo kb|upbfo}b s ot|bli tidcbf+( Loackcdcôk lo fit dikdo~|it lo tidcolbl dcqcf s Ot|bli+

( Podikidchcok|i lof dbpâd|op hokot|opiti lof top juhbki s lo fb `ýtruolb lofb toeupclbl s lo fb ~potopqbdcôk lo fb qclb ok of ipceok lo fb tidcolbl+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb ceubflbl s lo fb fcòp|bl dihi ackot ruo to okduok|pbk ok ofipceok lo fb tidcolbl+

( Fb pobfclbl lof ~ilop s of dikdo~|i lo foec|chbdcôk+( Bkâfctct lo fbt lcqoptbt ck|op~po|bdcikot lof ~ilop s lo fb ~ifè|cdb+( Loackcdcôk lo fit dikdo~|it lo foebfclbl s foec|chclbl+



:2

( Lo`b|o ok |ipki b fbt lcqoptbt dfbtot lo foec|chbdcôk lof ~ilop ~ifè|cdi+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb lchoktcôk dpob|cqb lof ~ilop& dik|pb tu ck|op~po|bdcôkqcifok|b s ~upbhok|o diopdc|cqb+

( Podikidchcok|i lo fb ch~ip|bkdcb lo fb lcqctcôk lo ~ilopot ok of ipceok lo fbthilopkbt tidcolblot lohidpâ|cdbt s ok fb ~potopqbdcôk lo tutckt|c|udcikot+

( \oipèbt s aiphbt lof dik|pb|i tidcbf+( Bkâfctct lo fit tu~uot|it eokopbfot lo fbt |oipèbt dik|pbd|ubfct|bt+( Dih~bpbdcôk ok|po fbt |oipèbt lof dik|pb|i dihi tuhctcôk *Ji`òt#& lof dik|pb|i fcòpbf

*Fidgo# s lof dik|pb|i tidcbf *Piuttobu#+

( Qbfipbdcôk lof dikdo~|i lo mut|cdcb s lo tu aukdcôk ok fbt |oipèbtdik|pbd|ubfct|bt bd|ubfot+

( Bli~dcôk lo ukb bd|c|ul dpè|cdb bk|o of uti cppot~iktb`fo lo fb fcòp|bl s of~ilop ~ifè|cdi |i|bfc|bpci+

_KCLBL 24


2+ Dikidop of dikdo~|i lo lopodji s fit dbpbd|opot lo fb kiphb mupèlcdb+0+ Ok|oklop fb lcaopokdcb ok|po fbt dikdo~dcikot cutkb|upbfct|b s ~itc|cqct|b lof lopodji+4+ Loackcp fb clob lo mut|cdcb s dikidop tut aukdcikot+<+ Ok|oklop fb ch~ip|bkdcb lo fit lopodjit juhbkit dihi hbpdi mupèlcdi ck|opkbdcikbf ruo

tbfqbeubplb fb fcòp|bl s fb lcekclbl lo fbt ~optikbt+?+ Lct|ckeucp fbt lcqoptbt hilbfclblot lo lohidpbdcb s poafozcikbp ti p̀o fbt ~itc`cfclblot

pobfot lo tu b~fcdbdcôk+


2+2+ Loacko of dikdo~|i lo lopodji s dikido fbt dbpbd|opèt|cdbt auklbhok|bfot lo fbt kiphbt mupèlcdbt+

0+2+ Lct|ckeuo ok|po lopodji kb|upbf s lopodji ~itc|cqi& bkbfc}bkli fb pofbdcôk ruo ofcutkb|upbfcthi s of ~itc|cqcthi mupèlcdi hbk|cokok dik fb clob lo mut|cdcb+

4+2+ Bkbfc}b of dikdo~|i s fbt aukdcikot lo fb mut|cdcb+<+2+ Bkbfc}b fb pofoqbkdcb jct|ôpcdb lo fit lopodjit juhbkit s tu ~piepotcqi lotbppiffi ok of

hbpdi lof Ot|bli lohidpâ|cdi s lo lopodji+?+2+ Poafozcikb ti`po of tok|cli lo fb lohidpbdcb s tut lcqoptbt hilbfclblot+



:0

DIK\OKCLIT

( Of lopodji s fb kiphb mupèlcdb+( Loackcdcôk lof dikdo~|i lo lopodji s okuhopbdcôk lo fbt dbpbd|opèt|cdbt lo fb kiphb

mupèlcdb+( Bkâfctct lof cutkb|upbfcthi s lof ~itc|cqcthi mupèlcdi+( Dih~poktcôk lo fb pofbdcôk dikt|pud|cqb ruo ~ophc|o qckdufbp fbt ck|op~po|bdcikot

cutkb|upbfct|b s ~itc|cqct|b lof lopodji+

( Qbfipbdcôk lof lopodji dihi joppbhcok|b ch~potdcklc`fo ~bpb tbfqbeubplbp fb~b} tidcbf s fb ceubflbl s fb toeupclbl lo fit dculblbkit& ~bpb ~pi|oeop sebpbk|c}bp fit lopodjit auklbhok|bfot s ~bpb pobfc}bp fb fcòp|bl s fb

mut|cdcb+

( Of dikdo~|i lo mut|cdcb s fit lopodjit juhbkit+( Loackcdcôk lof dikdo~|i lo mut|cdcb s dikidchcok|i lo fbt aukdcikot lo fb mut|cdcb+( Dikidchcok|i lof ipceok s of lotbppiffi jct|ôpcdit lo fit lopodjit juhbkit+( Ofbìpbdcôk lo ukb lctop|bdcôk ti`po of ~b~of ruo loòk lotoh~oòbp fit lopodjit

juhbkit ok fb ã~idb lo fb efi`bfc}bdcôk+

( Podikidchcok|i lo fb lcekclbl s lo fb fcòp|bl lo fb ~optikb dihi bt~od|itcppokukdcb`fot ok fb diktifclbdcôk ~piepotcqb lo fit lopodjit juhbkit+

( Auklbhok|it lof Ot|bli lo lopodji+

( Dikidchcok|i lo fbt diklcdcikot s auklbhok|it acfitôacdit lof Ot|bli lo lopodji+( Dih~bpbdcôk ok|po fbt lcqoptbt aiphbt jct|ôpcdbt lof Ot|bli lo lopodji+

( Qbfipbdcôk lof Ot|bli lo lopodji dihi hbpdi mupèlcdi(~ifè|cdi ruo ebpbk|c}bfbt fcòp|blot lo fit cklcqcluit dik|pb fbt lopcqbt |i|bfc|bpcbt lof ~ilop+

( Tok|cli lo fb lohidpbdcb s hilit lo ~bp|cdc~bdcôk dculblbkb+( Dbpbd|opc}bdcôk lo fb lohidpbdcb ok pofbdcôk dik i|pit poeèhokot ~ifè|cdit s aiphbt lo

ei`copki+( Ofbìpbdcôk lo ukb lctop|bdcôk ok fb ruo to bkbfcdok s qbfipok fit hilofit lo fb

lohidpbdcb lcpod|b s lo fb lohidpbdcb po~potok|b|cqb+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb lohidpbdcb ok uk tok|cli dubfc|b|cqi s hb|opcbf& dikaipho blo|ophckblit ~pckdc~cit auklbhok|bfot ruo ebpbk|cdok of duh~fchcok|i lofit lopodjit juhbkit+

_KCLBL 2<




:4

2+ Poafozcikbp ti`po fb foec|chclbl lo fb bddcôk lof Ot|bli& ok of hbpdi lo uk iplok mupèlcdi(~ifè|cdi lohidpâ|cdi+

0+ Bkbfc}bp fbt hilbfclblot lo fb bddcôk lof Ot|bli ok of podikidchcok|i& fb loaoktb s fb

~pihidcôk lo fb ~b}& lo fit qbfipot lohidpâ|cdit s lo fit lopodjit juhbkit+4+ Dih~poklop fb ch~ip|bkdcb lo ukb §duf|upb lo ~b}· dihi ~pckdc~ci lo ipcok|bdcôk lo fb

~ifè|cdb+<+ Poafozcikbp ti`po fb foec|chclbl lof Ot|bli ~bpb fb loaoktb lo fit qbfipot lohidpâ|cdit+?+ Poafozcikbp ti`po fb foec|chclbl lof Ot|bli ~bpb fb loaoktb lo fit lopodjit juhbkit+


2+2+ Bkbfc}b fit dikdo~|it lo foebfclbl s lo foec|chclbl ok tu pofbdcôk dik of Ot|bli lolopodji+

0+2+ Clok|cacdb fbt lcqoptbt hilbfclblot lo fb bddcôk lof Ot|bli dihi ebpbk|o lo fb ~b}& lofit qbfipot lohidpâ|cdit s lo fit lopodjit juhbkit+

4+2+ Bkbfc}b of tok|cli ã|cdi(~ifè|cdi lo fb clob lo ukb §duf|upb lo ~b}·+<+2+ Loacko fit qbfipot lohidpâ|cdit auklbhok|bfot s fb foec|chclbl lof Ot|bli ~bpb

loaoklopfit+?+2+ Bkbfc}b of bp|cdufbli lo fb Lodfbpbdcôk _kcqoptbf lo fit Lopodjit Juhbkit+

DIK\OKCLIT

( Fb foec|chclbl lo fb bddcôk lof Ot|bli+( Loackcdcôk lof dikdo~|i lo ckt|c|udcôk+( Pofbdcôk lo fb foec|chclbl lo fb bddcôk lof Ot|bli dik fb loaoktb lo fit lopodjit

auklbhok|bfot+( Dikidchcok|i lo fit fèhc|ot lo fb foec|chclbl lo fb bddcôk lof Ot|bli+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb bddcôk lof Ot|bli ok fb loaoktb lo fit lopodjitauklbhok|bfot+

( Fb bddcôk lof Ot|bli+

( Dbpbd|opc}bdcôk lo fbt lcqoptbt hilbfclblot lo fb bddcôk lof Ot|bli+

( B~podci lof ~b~of lof Ot|bli ok of podikidchcok|i s ok fb ~pihidcôk lo fitlopodjit s lo`opot podikidclit ok fb Dikt|c|udcôk+

( Fb loaoktb lo fb ~b}+( Poafozcôk ti`po fb clob lo ukb §duf|upb lo fb ~b}· dihi jipc}ik|o ã|cdi(~ifè|cdi+( Lo`b|o ti`po fb ch~ip|bkdcb lo dpobp i diktifclbp ckt|c|udcikot& lok|pi i auopb lof Ot|bli&

ok loaoktb lo fb ~b}+



:<

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb ~b} s lo fb mut|cdcb dihi jipc}ik|ot ã|cdi(~ifè|cdit lo ukOt|bli lohidpâ|cdi lo lopodji+

( Qbfipot lohidpâ|cdit s lopodjit juhbkit+( Loackcdcôk lo fit ~pckdc~bfot qbfipot lohidpâ|cdit= fc`op|bl& ceubflbl& mut|cdcb& pot~o|i b

fb fos& ~fupbfcthi s |ifopbkdcb+( Ofb`ipbdcôk lo ukb lctop|bdcôk liklo to podimbk fit bp|èdufit auklbhok|bfot lo fb

Lodfbpbdcôk _kcqoptbf lo fit Lopodjit Juhbkit ok pofbdcôk dik ukb §duf|upb lo fb ~b}·s lo fb mut|cdcb+

( Bli~dcôk lo uk ~uk|i lo qct|b dpè|cdi s bpeuhok|bli pot~od|i bfpodikidchcok|i foebf *s ki tch~fohok|o hipbf# lo fit lopodjit juhbkit~ip ~bp|o lo fit Ot|blit s& ti`po |ili& lof dih~pihcti lo fit Ot|blit dikfb pobfc}bdcôk oaod|cqb lo |bfot lopodjit+

_KCLBL 2?


2+ Dih~poklop fb ch~ip|bkdcb lo fit holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk tidcbf ok fbt lohidpbdcbt lofbt tidcolblot ~itcklut|pcbfot+

0+ Poafozcikbp ti`po fb aukdcôk ruo fb i~ckcôk ~ý`fcdb lotoh~oòb ok of aukdcikbhcok|i lofOt|bli hilopki s dik|oh~ipâkoi+4+ Dikidop of tok|cli s fb ch~ip|bkdcb lo ukb §otaopb ~ý`fcdb· s lo uk §uti ~ý`fcdi· lo fb

pb}ôk+<+ Dikidop fit ~ofcepit lo fb hopdbk|cfc}bdcôk lo fb ckaiphbdcôk ok fb lohidpbdcb

holcâ|cdb+?+ Bkbfc}bp of dikdo~|i lo efi`bfc}bdcôk s fb ~itc`cfclbl ã|cdi(~ifè|cdb lo ukb dculblbkèb

efi`bf+


2+2+ Bkbfc}b fbt aukdcikot ruo lotoh~oòbk fit holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk tidcbf ok fbtlohidpbdcbt ~itcklut|pcbfot& btè dihi fit pcoteit ruo dih~ip|b uk uti bdpè|cdi lo fbckaiphbdcôk+

0+2+ Oz~fcdb fb eãkotct jct|ôpcdb s of tok|cli bd|ubf lof dikdo~|i lo i~ckcôk ~ý f̀cdb+4+2+ Loacko fb clob lo ukb §otaopb ~ý`fcdb· ok pofbdcôk dik uk §uti ~ý`fcdi· lo fb pb}ôk+<+2+ Pb}ikb ti`po fit pcoteit ruo ok|pbòb& ~bpb fb tidcolbl ok eokopbf& fb hbkc~ufbdcôk lo fb

ckaiphbdcôk+?+2+ Loacko of dikdo~|i lo efi`bfc}bdcôk s fb clob lo ukb dculblbkèb efi`bf+

DIK\OKCLIT



:?

( Lohidpbdcb s dihukcdbdcôk tidcbf+( Pofbdcôk lof dikdo~|i lo lohidpbdcb dik of lo ~bp|cdc~bdcôk ~ifè|cdb+( Lo`b|o ok |ipki bf ~b~of tidcbf ruo lotoh~oòbk fit holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb aukdcôk ~itc|cqb lo fit holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk s lo fitpcoteit ruo dih~ip|b fb hbkc~ufbdcôk lo fb ckaiphbdcôk+

( I~ckcôk ~ý`fcdb s Ot|bli+( Loackcdcôk lo fb clob hilopkb lo ~ý`fcdi+( Auklbhok|bdcôk |oôpcdb lof uti ~ý`fcdi lo fb pb}ôk+( Lo`b|o ti`po fb aukdcôk ruo lotoh~oòb fb bpeuhok|bdcôk ok fb dikt|c|udcôk lo ukb otaopb

~ý`fcdb dculblbkb+

( Qbfipbdcôk lo fb i~ckcôk ~ý`fcdb dihi dik|pb~oti dculblbki b fb ~itc`fobp`c|pbpcolbl lo fit ~ilopot+

( Ckaiphbdcôk s lohidpbdcb holcâ|cdb+( Ofb`ipbdcôk lo ukb lctop|bdcôk bdopdb lo fit ~ofcepit lo fb hopdbk|cfc}bdcôk lo fb

ckaiphbdcôk+( Loackcdcôk lof dikdo~|i lo lohidpbdcb holcâ|cdb+

( Podikidchcok|i lo fb ch~ip|bkdcb lo fit holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk ok fbdikaiphbdcôk lo ukb i~ckcôk dculblbkb+

( Dculblbkèb s efi`bfc}bdcôk+( Dikidchcok|i lo fbt lct|ck|bt lchoktcikot lof aokôhoki lo fb efi`bfc}bdcôk+( Ofb`ipbdcôk lo ukb lctop|bdcôk ti p̀o fb dikqokcokdcb ã|cdi(~ifè|cdb s fb ~itc`cfclbl lo

bfdbk}bp ukb dculblbkèb efi`bf+

( Bli~dcôk lo ukb ~itcdcôk dpè|cdb pot~od|i bf aokôhoki lo fb efi`bfc}bdcôk& lct|ckeucoklitut ofohok|it ~itc|cqit lo tut abd|ipot koeb|cqit+

DIK\OKCLIT HÈKCHIT LO FB HB\OPCB=

† Loackcdcôk lo acfitiaèb† Ipceok lof ~oktbhcok|i pbdcikbf† Fb acfitiaèb |oôpcdb s fb acfitiaèb ~pâd|cdb+ +† Of pofb|i hè|cdi= loackcdcôk7 dfbtcacdbdcôk7 aukdcôk7 tok|cli fc|opbf s bfoeôpcdi lof hc|i+† Fb oz~fcdbdcôk dcok|èacdb= loackcdcôk7 of hã|ili dcok|èacdi7 lcaopokdcbt ok|po dcokdcb shc|i+† Of pb}ikbhcok|i acfitôacdi= loackcdcôk7 lcaopokdcbt ok|po acfitiaèb& dcokdcb s hc|i+^pckdc~bfot o|b~bt ok fb Jct|ipcb lo fb Acfitiaèb† Loackcdcôk lo pb}ikbhcok|i+ Ofohok|it ruo fi dih~ikok+† \c~it lo bpeuhok|bdcôk= lolud|cqb s bpeuhok|bdcôk cklud|cqb+



:1

† Of bpeuhok|i lolud|cqi= dbpâd|op lo kodotclbl lo fb dikdfutcôk+ Fbt dcokdcbtaiphbfot+† Qoplbl s qbfclo}+† Aiphbfc}bdcôk lo bpeuhok|it+ Qbfipot lo qoplbl lo fbt ~pi~itcdcikot s lo fbt

dikod|cqbt+† \b`fbt lo qoplbl+ Qbfclo} lo ukb aôphufb= fb |bu|ifieèb& fb dik|pblcddcôk s fbcklo|ophckbdcôk+† ^pckdc~cit s fosot fôecdbt+† Of bpeuhok|i cklud|cqi= dbpâd|op lo ~pi`b`cfclbl lo fb dikdfutcôk+ Fbt dcokdcbtoh~èpcdbt+† ^pi`fohb lo fb ckluddcôk+ Of dik|pbomoh~fi s fb poeufbpclbl lo fb kb|upbfo}b+† Fbt abfbdcbt s tut |c~it† Fb db~bdclbl lo dikidop lof top juhbki Otdo~|cdcthi acfitôacdi+ Lulb dbp|otcbkb+† Of ipceok lof dikidchcok|i+ \otct ruo loacoklok fit acfôtiait pbdcikbfct|bt+ \otct ruoloacoklok fit ~oktblipot oh~cpct|bt+ Fb tèk|otct gbk|cbkb+† Tok|clit lo fb qoplbl† Fb ozct|okdcb lo fb pobfclbl aètcdb s hok|bf+ ^pckdc~bfot ~it|upbt acfitôacdbt† Fb |pbtdoklokdcb s of dikidchcok|i juhbki= hiki|oèthi& ~ifc|oèthi& b|oèthi&bekit|cdcthi pofceciti& loèthi& ~bk|oèthi s abkb|cthi pofceciti+† Bpeuhok|it lo fb acfitiaèb bdopdb lo fb ozct|okdcb lo Lcit= bpeuhok|i ik|ifôecdi& loflctoòi s dithifôecdi+ ^itcdcikbhcok|i dpè|cdi gbk|cbki+† Of b|oèthi dik|oh~ipâkoi s fb dpè|cdb lo fb pofcecôk+† Fb bk|pi~ifieèb acfitôacdb+† Fb oz~fcdbdcôk |pblcdcikbf lof ipceok lof hukli s lof top juhbki+ Of bpeuhok|i lobu|ipclbl+

† Of jodji lo fb oqifudcôk s tu oz~fcdbdcôk dcok|èacdb lotlo fb `cifieèb& fb ruèhcdb s fbaètcdb+† Abtot lo fb |oipèb lo fb oqifudcôk= b# Aiphufbdcôk lo fb |oipèb= Fbhbpdg& Lbpck sHoklof+ `# Lotbppiffi lo fb |oipèb dik fb b~ip|bdcôk lo fb eokã|cdb= Juei lo Qpcot s\jihbt Hipebk+ d# Poaiphufbdcôk lo fb |oipèb= \joilitcut Li`}jbktgs+† Lof ipceok lo fb qclb bf ipceok lo fb hb|opcb+ Lo fb oqifudcôk `cifôecdb b fb oqifudcôkdôthcdb+† Of ~pidoti lo jihckc}bdcôk+ Abd|ipot ruo lcaopokdcbk b fit jihèkclit lof pot|i lobk|pi~iclot† Fbt ot~odcot lof eãkopi Jihi= Jihi jb`cfct& Jihi opebt|op& Jihi opod|ut& Jihibk|odottip& Jihi kobklop|jbfoktct s Jihi tb~cokt+ Dbpbd|opèt|cdbt aètcdbt& tidcbfot s

duf|upbfot+† Db~bdclblot ot~odèacdbt ruo tckeufbpc}bk bf top juhbki s ruo oz~fcdbk of ãzc|ioqifu|cqi lof Jihi tb~cokt+† Of top juhbki= kb|upbfo}b s duf|upb+ Of ipceok `cifôecdi s duf|upbf lo fbt diklud|btjuhbkbt+† Ckafuokdcb lo fit eokot ok of ipebkcthi s ok fb diklud|b+ Of lo|ophckcthi eokã|cdi+Fb ckeokcopèb eokã|cdb+ Fb oueokotcb+† Of dikdo~|i lo pb}b= lcqoptclbl s ukcaiphclbl lof eokihb juhbki+ Bkâfctct dpè|cdilof pbdcthi+† Loackcdcôk lo duf|upb+ Fit jodjit duf|upbfot+ Fb bk|pi~ifieèb duf|upbf+† Fb oqifudcôk `cifôecdb s fb oqifudcôk duf|upbf+ Fb |pbkthctcôk ki eokã|cdb lo fb

duf|upb s fit holcit oh~foblit+ Db~bdclblot juhbkbt ruo ~itc`cfc|bk fb duf|upb s tu



:5

|pbkthctcôk+† Fb lcqoptclbl duf|upbf+ Of huf|cduf|upbfcthi+† Of o|kidok|pcthi+ OF pofb|cqcthi duf|upbf+† Ohopeokdcb oqifu|cqb lo fb duf|upb ok of hukli bkchbf+

† Of tèhìfi= loackcdcôk s dbpbd|opèt|cdbt+† Of top juhbki dihi bkchbf tch`ôfcdi+ Tckeufbpclbl lof top juhbki+† Tct|ohbt tch`ôfcdit= of fokeubmo& fb pofcecôk& of hc|i& of bp|o& fb acfitiaèb& fb dcokdcb+† Of fokeubmo dihi tct|ohb tch`ôfcdi lo dihukcdbdcôk+† Dbpbd|opèt|cdbt lof fokeubmo +† Fb dihukcdbdcôk bkchbf s of fokeubmo juhbki† Pofbdcôk ok|po fokeubmo s ~oktbhcok|i +† Of ~pi`fohb lo fb kb|upbfo}b juhbkb† Fb dikdo~dcôk pofcecitb7 fb dikdo~dcôk dcok|èacdb7 fb dikdo~dcôk acfitôacdb lof topjuhbki+† Of lubfcthi ~fb|ôkcdi+ Of jcfohipacthi bpct|i|ãfcdi+† Fb dikdo~dcôk dpct|cbkb ti`po of jih`po= tbk Beut|èk s tu ckafuokdcb ~fb|ôkcdb+ Tbk|i\ihât s tu ckafuokdcb bpct|i|ãfcdb+† Of lubfcthi dbp|otcbki+† Dikdo~dcikot acfitôacdbt dik|oh~ipâkobt= of kuoqi ~fbk|obhcok|i lo fb pofbdcôk§hok|o(dopo`pi·+† Fb dikdo~dcôk bd|ubf lof lubfcthi† Fb dikdo~dcôk bd|ubf lof hikcthi† Fb tu~opbdcôk lof hikcthi s lof lubfcthi† Fit dikdo~|it lo cklcqclui s lo ~optikb+ Ipceok o|chifôecdi s tcekcacdbli+† Loackcdcôk lof cklcqclui juhbki dihi ~optikb

† Of dikdo~|i lo fcòp|bl+† îtcdcikot lo fb acfitiaèb bk|o fb fcòp|bl lof top juhbki† Fcòp|bl ck|opkb s fcòp|bl oz|opkb+ Diklcdcikbk|ot lo fb fcòp|bl lo bddcôk= aètcdit&~tèrucdit& odikôhcdit& ~ifè|cdit+++† Âh`c|it ok ruo to hbkcacot|b fb fcòp|bl s fb butokdcb lo fcòp|bl= of hukli aètcdi& fb`cifieèb& of hukli tidcbf s ~ifè|cdi+ Lo|ophckcthi o cklo|ophckcthi+† Ki|bt ruo loackok of dbpâd|op lo fcòp|bl lo fb diklud|b diktdcok|o apok|o b fbt lohâtaiphbt lo diklud|b+† Fit dikdo~|it lo ã|cdb s lo hipbf+† Fb bddcôk hipbf† Fb dikdcokdcb hipbf+

† Fb ã|cdb |ofoifôecdb s fb ã|cdb loik|ifôecdi† Of ck|ofod|ubfcthi hipbf† Of oulohikcthi bpct|i|ãfcdi +† Fb otduofb dèkcdb= koebdcôk lo fb kiphb hipbf+† Of ot|icdcthi= fb b|bpbzcb+† Of o~cdupoèthi= dikdo~|i o~cdýpoi lo ~fbdop+† Of aiphbfcthi ã|cdi gbk|cbki +† Of u|cfc|bpcthi lo @ok|jbh s Hcff +† Ck|oplo~oklokdcb lo fb aofcdclbl cklcqclubf s fb mut|cdcb lo fb tidcolbl+† Fb mut|cdcb= tok|clit lof |ãphcki+ Fb mut|cdcb dihi oruclbl= fb ceubflbl s of ~pckdc~cilo fb lcaopokdcb& lo Pbft+ Mut|cdcb dikhu|b|cqb s mut|cdcb lct|pcù|cqb+

†Dculblbki s dculblbkèb = dikdo~|it



::

†Diklcdcikot ruo tu~iko fb dculblbkèb+†Hilofit lo ipebkc}bdcôk tidcbf ruo auklbhok|bk fb clob lo dculblbkèb= of Ot|bli s fbdculblbkèb+ Fb Dikt|c|udcôk= lopodjit s loòpot lof dculblbki+ Fobf|bl lof dculblbki bfb Dikt|c|udcôk s bf Ot|bli+

†Hilofit lo ipebkc}bdcôk tidcbf dik|pbpcit b fb clob lo dculblbkèb= fbt tidcolblotaoulbfot7 fb hikbpruèb b`tifu|b7 fb |cpbkèb+†Fb dculblbkèb s fb tidcolbl dcqcf= pofbdcôk s lcaopokdcb+†Dculblbki ot|b|bf s dculblbki dithi~ifc|b†Loòpot lof dculblbki= foebfot s dèqcdit7 loackcdcôk lo qbfip dèqcdi7 qbfipot dèqcditauklbhok|bfot ti`po fit ruo to btcok|b fb dculblbkèb= fcòp|bl& ceubflbl& pot~o|i bd|cqi&tifclbpclbl s lcâfiei+†Fb dculblbkèb ok fb jct|ipcb†Dbpbd|opèt|cdbt ruo loackok jis fb dculblbkèb† \c~it lo ~ilop+ Of ~ilop ~ifè|cdi+†Of Ot|bli= dbpbd|opèt|cdbt ruo fi loackok†Aiphbt lo Ot|bli†Bu|ipclbl s foec|chclbl7 bu|ipclbl foeè|chb s iòlcokdcb7 fbt aiphbt lo foec|chbdcôklof ~ilop= fb aiphb foebf dihi dpc|opci lohidpâ|cdi lo foec|chbdcôk lof ~ilop s i|pbtaiphbt ki lohidpâ|cdbt= fb aiphb |pblcdcikbf s fb aiphb dbpcthâ|cdb+†Fb mut|cacdbdcôk pbdcikbf lof Ot|bli= ipceok tidcbf lof Ot|bli+ Fbt |oipèbtdik|pbd|ubfct|bt lo Ji`òt& Fidgo s Piuttobu†Of lopodji= loackcdcôk7 aukdcôk kiphb|cqb+ Fbt kiphbt mupèlcdbt= dbpbd|opèt|cdbt+Lopodji i`mo|cqi s lopodji tu`mo|cqi+†Ipceok s auklbhok|i lof lopodji= of cutkb|upbfcthi s of cut~itc|cqcthi+†Fit lopodjit juhbkit= auklbhok|i7 loackcdcôk7 ackbfclbl7 dbpbd|opèt|cdbt+

†Ch~fbk|bdcôk lo fit lopodjit juhbkit ok of hukli+†Jct|ipcb lo fit lopodjit juhbkit†Of fcòpbfcthi†Of tidcbfcthi+†Fb tidcbflohidpbdcb s of Ot|bli lo `cokot|bp+ Dbpbd|opèt|cdbt+†Of Ot|bli lo lopodji= loackcdcôk7 dbpbd|opèt|cdbt lct|ck|cqbt+†Of Ot|bli |i|bfc|bpci= loackcdcôk7 dbpbd|opèt|cdbt lct|ck|cqbt+†Kidcôk lo lohidpbdcb= dcpdukt|bkdcbt lo tu b~bpcdcôk+ Lohidpbdcb lcpod|b slohidpbdcb po~potok|b|cqb7 dbpbd|opèt|cdbt ruo loackok s lct|ckeuok b bhìt tct|ohbt+†Of ~oktbhcok|i lohidpâ|cdi ok fb bd|ubfclbl†^pckdc~bfot holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk

†Aukdcikot lo fit holcit†Dih~pihcti lo fb ~piaotcôk ~opcilèt|cdb dik fb qoplbl+†Ckafuokdcb lo fit holcit dihi dpoblipot lo i~ckcôk†Ckaiphbdcôk s ~pi~bebklb+†Fb tidcolbl lo fb ckaiphbdcôk+†Fb poqifudcôk |odkifôecdb lo fit holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk= uk hukli efi`bfc}bli+Aukdcikot efi`bfc}bli|bt lo fit holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk† Fb ~b}& uk ~pidoti ok dik|ckub dikt|puddcôk+†Of bduopli efi`bf gbk|cbki s fbt ipebkc}bdcikot& ~ý`fcdbt i lo fb tidcolbl dcqcf& ok fbdikt|puddcôk lo fb ~b} huklcbf+†Of kuoqi dikdo~|i lo dculblbkèb= dculblbkit lof hukli+ Qbfipot lof kuoqi tok|cli lo

dculblbkèb+ Ch~ip|bkdcb lo fb oludbdcôk ok fb diktodudcôk lo fb |pbtdoklokdcb lo fi



:3

kuoqit qbfipot+


"Jct|ipcb lo fb Acfitiaèb *Acfitiaèb CC#+"




3>

ÈKLCDO

2+ M_T\CACDBDCÔK \OÔPCDB LO FIT DIK\OKCLIT S LO T_T BTÔD\ITHO\ILIFÔECDIT S LCLÂD\CDIT0+ LCT\PC@_DCÔK LO FIT DIK\OKCLIT4+ FIT DIK\OKCLIT \PBKTQOPTBFOT<+ LCAOPOKDCBDCÔK LO BD\CQCLBLOT LO POA_OP]I S BH^FCBDCÔK

2+ M_T\CACDBDCÔK \OÔPCDB LO FIT DIK\OKCLIT S LO T_T BTÔD\ITHO\ILIFÔECDIT S LCLÂD\CDIT

2+ Mut|cacdbdcôk lo fit dik|okclit

Fb tofoddcôk lo fit dik|okclit oz~uot|it s lotbppiffblit ok kuot|pb Jct|ipcb lo fb Acfitiaèb~bpb of dupti toeukli lo @bdjcffopb|i okduok|pb tu mut|cacdbdcôk& lo ukb ~bp|o& ok fb kb|upbfo}bhcthb lo fb hb|opcb s lo i|pb ~bp|o& ok of hili ok ruo fb kiphb|cqb foebf ~pi~iko ruo jb loffoqbpto b dbì tu ot|ulci ok ot|o dupti s kcqof oludb|cqit+îp fi ruo to poacopo bf ~pchopi lo fit ~uk|it toòbfblit& fb |pblcdcôk lo fb ~pi~cb lctdc~fckb sof bduopli eokopbf lo fit oz~op|it jbk ot|b`fodcli sb lo ukb hbkopb tôfclb s diktifclblb

duâfot tik fbt ã~idbt s fit bu|ipot hât pofoqbk|ot ok fb jct|ipcb lo fb acfitiaèb= ok of fc`pi ruo~potok|bhit dihi hb|opcbf lo ot|ulci ~bpb of dupti toeukli lo @bdjcffopb|i to podieo of~oktbhcok|i lo fit acfôtiait s fbt otduofbt hât ch~ip|bk|ot dik ukb bh~fc|ul pb}ikb`folotlo fit ipèeokot lo fb acfitiaèb jbt|b of ~oktbhcok|i bd|ubf+Bjipb `cok& fb kiphb|cqb qceok|o ki to fchc|b b ~pi~ikop& lo hili eokopbf& of ot|ulci lo fbjct|ipcb lo fb acfitiaèb& tcki ruo hbpdb ukb ipcok|bdcôk bf pot~od|i dusi poruopchcok|i johit~pidupbli toeucp acofhok|o= of bfuhki)b jb lo dikidop auklbhok|bfhok|o of ~oktbhcok|i lofbt epbklot ã~idbt ok tu ~pi`fohâ|cdb ot~odèacdb s ok tut |oipèbt auklbhok|bfot& s dblb ukblo ot|bt ã~idbt jb lo ot|ulcbpto& b tu qo}& b |pbqãt lo bfeýk acfôtiai ch~ip|bk|o spo~potok|b|cqi lo fb hcthb+B|oklcokli bmut|blbhok|o b ot|b ipcok|bdcôk johit bp|cdufbli fit dik|okclit lo fb Jct|ipcb

lo fb Acfitiaèb lof tceucok|o hili=*b# Fit dik|okclit to lct|pcùsok ok dub|pi ukclblot ~opaod|bhok|o lcaopokdcblbt ruodippot~iklok b fbt ã~idbt bk|ceub& holcoqbf& hilopkb s dik|oh~ipâkob+*`# Dblb ukb lo ot|bt ukclblot dihcok}b dik uk |ohb lo dbpâd|op ~bkipâhcdi ok of dubf tooz~ikok= *2# fb eãkotct s dbpbd|opèt|cdbt lo fb ã~idb dippot~iklcok|o& *0# tut ~pckdc~bfotbu|ipot s otduofbt s *4# fit ~pi`fohbt s |oipèbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb ã~idb ok duot|côk+ Loot|o hili to b|coklo ot~odèacdbhok|o bf poruopchcok|i lo ruo fit bfuhkit)bt diki}dbk fbacfitiaèb ok tut ã~idbt jct|ôpcdbt+*d# B dik|ckubdcôk lof ot|ulci ~bkipâhcdi lo fb ã~idb& dblb ukclbl ckdfuso lit i hât |ohbtlolcdblit& dblb uki lo offit& b uk bu|ip pofoqbk|o lo fb hcthb+ Buk dubkli fb kiphb|cqb kiozceo of ot|ulci lo |ilit fit bu|ipot ruo ~pi~ikohit s oz~ikohit& kit jb ~bpodcli i~ip|uki



32

buhok|bp of kýhopi lo ãt|it b ack lo ruo of ^piaotip)b ~uolb ofoecp bruoffit acfôtiait dusiot|ulci ~ip fit bfuhkit)bt diktclopo hât dikqokcok|o+

0+ Mut|cacdbdcôk lo fit bt~od|it ho|ilifôecdit s lclâd|cdit

0+2+ Of bfuhkbli

Ok fb ~po~bpbdcôk lo fit hb|opcbfot lclâd|cdit jb lo |okopto ok duok|b& ok ~pchop fuebp& ofkcqof s dbpbd|opèt|cdbt lo fit bfuhkit)bt b ruo qbk lcpceclit+ Bf pot~od|i& s |okcokli ok duok|bfb olbl o ck|opotot lo fit hcthit s of dbpâd|op lo fb lctdc~fckb& johit bli~|bli dihi dpc|opci~pchiplcbf fb kodotclbl lo dikmuebp blodublbhok|o of pceip dik fb btoruc`cfclbl+ To |pb|b& tcklulb& lo bfei ki aâdcf lo diktoeucp+ Ot& dik |ili& kodotbpci ki |pcqcbfc}bp kc of ~fbk|obhcok|ikc fbt |oipèbt acfitôacdbt+ Ok dubk|i bf fiepi lo fb btoruc`cfclbl& kuot|pi ~pisod|i ~pidupboqc|bp fb ~pifcmclbl ok of |pb|bhcok|i lo fit |ohbt& fit ~fbk|obhcok|it b`t|putit s fb opulcdcôkckkodotbpcb+

0+0+ Bt~od|it ho|ilifôecdit s lclâd|cdit

Ok|po fit poduptit ot~odèacdit u|cfc}blit dik qct|bt b fb btchcfbdcôk lo fb lctdc~fckb ~ip ~bp|olof bfuhkbli lot|bdbhit=*b# ukb hilopblb b`uklbkdcb lo ki|bt o cklcdbdcikot hbpeckbfot lolcdblbt b tu`pbsbp clobtauklbhok|bfot& b iapodop |oz|it `poqètchit lo fit bu|ipot *|oz|it pofbdcikblit dik fboz~fcdbdcôk ok dblb dbti#& btè dihi otruohbt& poaopokdcbt b i|pit bu|ipot& o|d+ Ot|bt ki|btot|âk dikdo`clbt b hbkopb lo hbpdbt ruo abdcfc|bpâk& tck lulb& fb b|okdcôk s po|okdcôk lobt~od|it ot~odcbfhok|o tcekcacdb|cqit lo fb hb|opcb7

*`# fb ckdip~ipbdcôk& bf ackbf lo dblb |ohb& lo bfeýk |oz|i i |oz|it bh~fcit lo fit bu|ipotot~odèacdbhok|o |pb|blit ok fb oz~itcdcôk+ Ot|it |oz|i qbk ~podolclit lo ck|piluddcikot ruoabdcfc|ok tu fod|upb poafozcqb& tu dih~poktcôk s tu btchcfbdcôk7*d # fb ~potok|bdcôk lo uk dikmuk|i lo duot|cikot s bd|cqclblot bf ackbf lo dblb |ohb lcpceclbt&lo ukb ~bp|o& b dih~pi`bp of epbli lo btchcfbdcôk lof hcthi s& lo i|pb ~bp|o& b fb omodudcôklo |bpobt pofbdcikblbt dik ãf+


"Jct|ipcb lo fb Acfitiaèb *Acfitiaèb CC#+"


0+ LCT\PC@_DCÔK LO FIT DIK\OKCLIT



30

_KCLBL 2+ FB ACFITIAÈB KBDCÔ OK EPODCB\OHB 2+ LOTBPPIFFI S EPBKLOT \OHBT LO FB ACFITIAÈB EPCOEB

I@MO\CQIT

2+ Dih~poklop of ipceok lo fb acfitiaèb ok tu kbdchcok|i ok Epodcb& b ~bp|cp lo fb lcaopokdcbok|po of hc|i s of fieit dihi ~oktbp pbdcikbf+0+ \okop ukb dih~poktcôk tckô~|cdb lo fit ~pckdc~bfot hihok|it s bu|ipot lo fb acfitiaèbepcoeb+

4+ Dikidop ok tu dikozcôk fit |ohbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb acfitiaèb epcoeb+

DIK\OKCLIT DIKDO^\_BFOT

2+ Ipceok s dbpbd|opot lo fb acfitiaèb ok Epodcb2+2+ Of ipceok lo fb acfitiaèb= lof hc|i bf fieit2+2+2+ Kbppbdcôk apok|o b oz~fcdbdcôk pbdcikbf2+2+0+ Bu|ipclbl apok|o b pb}ôk2+0+ Dbpbd|opot lof hc|i2+0+2+ _f|chclbl s ukcqoptbfclbl

2+0+0+ ^optikcacdbdcôk lo fbt auop}bt kb|upbfot2+4+ Dbpbd|opot lo fb acfitiaèb2+4+2+ _f|chclbl s ukcqoptbfclbl2+4+0+ Fb clob lo kodotclbl2+4+4+ Fb `ýtruolb lo fit ~pckdc~cit s ofohok|it0+ ^pckdc~bfot hihok|it s bu|ipot lo fb acfitiaèb epcoeb0+2+ Acfitiaèb ~potidpâ|cdb *lotlo fit ckcdcit lof t+QC b+D+ jbt|b holcblit lof t+Q b+D#0+2+2+ Fb acfitiaèb ~potidpâ|cdb bk|opcip b ^bphãkclot dih~poklo lct|ck|it bu|ipot s otduofbt0+2+0+ Fb acfitiaèb lo ^bphãkclot0+2+4+ Fb acfitiaèb ~potidpâ|cdb ~it|opcip b ^bphãkclot0+0+ Fb acfitiaèb ok of ~opèili lo fb Cfut|pbdcôk epcoeb *toeuklb hc|bl lof t+ Q b+D#

0+0+2+ Fit tiact|bt0+0+0+ Tôdpb|ot0+4+ ^fb|ôk s Bpct|ô|ofot *tcefi CQ b+D#0+<+ Fb acfitiaèb ok of ~opèili jofokèt|cdi *lotlo ackbfot lof t+CQ b+D+ ok blofbk|o#4+ Fit |ohbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb acfitiaèb epcoeb4+2+ Fb clob lo kb|upbfo}b4+2+2+ Kidcôk lo kb|upbfo}b4+2+0+ Pbteit lo fb kb|upbfo}b toeýk fit epcoeit4+0+ Of dikidchcok|i4+0+2+ Fb i~itcdcôk ok|po pb}ôk s tok|clit4+0+0+ Of dikdo~|i epcoei lo dcokdcb

4+4+ Fb ot|pud|upb lof top juhbki+ Bfhb s duop~i



34

4+<+ Of clobf lo ukb qclb lcekb s aofc}4+<+2+ Fb aofcdclbl s fb kb|upbfo}b juhbkb4+<+0+ ¹Ok ruã diktct|o fb aofcdclbl94+?+ Kb|upbfo}b s ipebkc}bdcôk lof ot|bli

4+?+2+ Fb lchoktcôk ~ifè|cdb lof top juhbki4+?+0+ Fb ipebkc}bdcôk lof ot|bliDPC\OPCIT LO OQBF_BDCÔK

2+ Lct|ckeucp ok|po fbt aukdcikot ruo po~potok|bk of hc|i s of fieit ok fb ipebkc}bdcôk lo fbqclb tidcbf s duf|upb lo uk ~uo`fi+0+ Dih~poklop fit dbpbd|opot ruo b~ip|b fb acfitiaèb ok fb ipcok|bdcôk s dih~poktcôk lofhukli+4+ îtoop uk dublpi `âtcdi lo fbt fèkobt s bu|ipot ~pckdc~bfot lo fb acfitiaèb epcoeb+<+ Tbòp tut |ohbt auklbhok|bfot s fb dikozcôk ok|po offit+

\OHB 0+ ^FB\ÔK

I@MO\CQIT

2+ Dih~poklop ok ^fb|ôk of dbpâd|op lo |i|bfclbl s lo qctcôk ck|oepbf ruo fb acfitiaèb iapodo lofb pobfclbl s lof hukli juhbki+0+ Dikidop fbt clobt auklbhok|bfot lo ^fb|ôk bdopdb lof dikidchcok|i& lof top juhbki s lofiplok hipbf s ~ifè|cdi+4+ Ck|op~po|bp dih~poktcqbhok|o ot|it dikidchcok|it holcbk|o fb fod|upb lo uk |oz|i lo FbPo~ý`fcdb+


2+ Fb dikt|c|udcôk lof _kcqopti

0+ Fb pobfclbl s of dikidchcok|i0+2+ Fb ot|pud|upb lo fb pobfclbl= fbt clobt s of hukli aètcdi0+2+2+ Ipceok lo fb |oipèb lo fbt clobt0+2+0+ Chc|bdcôk s ~bp|cdc~bdcôk lo fbt clobt0+2+4+ Of tct|ohb lo fbt clobt0+0+ Fbt aiphbt lof dikidchcok|i0+0+2+ Tbòp s i~ckcôk0+0+0+ Dikidchcok|i ck|ofod|ubf s dikidchcok|i toktc`fo

0+0+4+ Fb lid|pckb lo fb bkâhkotct *i pohckctdokdcb#



3<

4+ Fb lid|pckb ~fb|ôkcdb lof bfhb4+2+ Of lubfcthi bfhb(duop~i4+0+ Fbt |pot ~bp|ot lof bfhb<+ O|cdb s ^ifè|cdb

<+2+ Of iplok hipbf<+0+ Of iplok ~ifè|cdi<+0+2+ Fb mut|cdcb ok of ot|bli<+0+0+ Of ei`copki lof tb`ci<+0+4+ Fb oludbdcôk<+0+<+ I|pbt holclbt ~ifè|cdbt?+ Dihok|bpci lo |oz|i= Fb Po~ý`fcdb


2+ Bkbfc}bp fbt pofbdcikot ok|po fit hilit lo dikidchcok|i s fbt ôplokot i ot|pud|upb lo fbpobfclbl+0+ Dih~poklop fb kb|upbfo}b lof top juhbki s tu ~bpok|otdi dik fb ot|pud|upb lo fb pobfclbl+4+ Dihok|bp fb ch~ip|bkdcb lo fb qcp|ul lo fb mut|cdcb s tu aukdcôk |bk|i ok of cklcqclui dihiok of Ot|bli+

\OHB 4+ BPCT\Ô\OFOT

I@MO\CQIT

2+ Dikidop fit bt~od|it auklbhok|bfot lo fb |oipèb bpct|i|ãfcdb ti`po fb kb|upbfo}b= |ofoifieèb&hiqchcok|i& dbutbt+ Btè dihi fb pofbdcôk ok|po aètcdb s ho|baètcdb+

0+ Dih~poklop fb dikozcôk ok|po ã|cdb s ~ifè|cdb holcbk|o fb |oipèb lo fbt qcp|ulot& fb mut|cdcb&

fb tidcb`cfclbl lof top juhbki s fbt hilbfclblot lo poeèhokot ~ifè|cdit4+ Ck|op~po|bp dih~poktcqbhok|o ot|it dik|okclit ok s holcbk|o fb fod|upb s dihok|bpci lo uk|oz|i lo fb O|cdb b Kcdôhbdi


2+ Fb kb|upbfo}b s fbt dbutbt= fb aètcdb2+2+ Fb dikdo~dcôk bpct|i|ãfcdb lo fb kb|upbfo}b2+2+2+ Kb|upbfo}b s |ofoifieèb2+2+0+ Kb|upbfo}b s hiqchcok|i2+0+ Fbt dub|pi dbutbt

0+ Fbt tut|bkdcbt qcqcok|ot s of bfhb



3?

4+ Lo fb aètcdb b fb ho|baètcdb4+2+ Fb ok|clbl ~pchopb+ Fb |oifieèb4+0+ Fb ik|ifieèb<+ Aofcdclbl s qcp|ul= Fb ã|cdb

<+2+ Fb diklud|b juhbkb s fb aofcdclbl<+0+ Fbt qcp|ulot hipbfot<+0+2+ Of mut|i holci<+0+0+ Fb mut|cdcb<+0+4+ Fb bhct|bl?+ Of `cok s fb ~ifct= Fb ~ifè|cdb?+2+ Of `cok juhbki= ã|cdb s ~ifè|cdb?+0+ Fb tidcb`cfclbl+ Of ot|bli?+4+ Fit poeèhokot ~ifè|cdit1+ Dihok|bpci lo |oz|i= Ã|cdb b KcdôhbdiDPC\OPCIT LO OQBF_BDCÔK

2+ Oz~fcdbp ruã tcekcacdb of dbpâd|op "|ofoifôecdi" lo fb kb|upbfo}b& btè dihi fb pofbdcôk ok|pohiqchcok|i s dbutbt+0+ Dih~poklop of hili dihi Bpct|ô|ofot dikdcò b Lcit& s fb aukdcôk ruo fo b|pcùso okpofbdcôk dik fb kb|upbfo}b+4+ Tbòp fb lcaopokdcb ok|po qcp|ulot ck|ofod|ubfot s qcp|ulot hipbfot& btè dihi fb pofbdcôkok|po qcp|ul s aofcdclbl+<+ Dikidop fb dfbtcacdbdcôk bpct|i|ãfcdb lo fit poeèhokot ~ifè|cdit+

DIK\OKCLIT ^PIDOLCHOK\BFOT LO FB ^PCHOPB _KCLBL2+ Ck|op~po|bdcôk lo fit dikdo~|it acfitôacdit auklbhok|bfot ck|piludclit ok fb acfitiaèb epcoeb*b# ok tu ck|oppofbdcôk s *`# ok tu uti ok fit lct|ck|it acfôtiait s otduofbt+0+ Dih~bpbdcôk ok|po fbt lct|ck|bt |oipèbt epcoebt bdopdb lof _kcqopti s lof top juhbki *ã|cdbs ~ifè|cdb#+4+ Bkâfctct lo |oz|it lo acfôtiait epcoeit+

DIK\OKCLIT BD\C\_LCKBFOT LO FB ^PCHOPB _KCLBL2+ B~podci ~ip fbt dpobdcikot duf|upbfot *~bp|cdufbphok|o fb acfitiaèb# b ~bp|cp lo fbt dubfot toipceckb s oz~fcdb kuot|pb duf|upb+0+ Podikidchcok|i& b |pbqãt lof ~oktbhcok|i epcoei& lof otauop}i ck|ofod|ubf poruopcli ~bpb

ofoqbpto bf kcqof lo fb dih~poktcôk pbdcikbf+4+ Ck|opãt ~ip fi dfâtcdi+<+ Ck|opãt s mut|i ~ip fb fod|upb lo i`pbt lo acfitiaèb+

_KCLBL 0+ FB ACFITIAÈB OK OF HBPDI LO FB DPCT\CBKLBL

\OHB <+ LOTBPPIFFI S EPBKLOT \OHBT LO FB ACFITIAÈB HOLCOQBF



31

I@MO\CQIT

2+ Dih~poklop fbt pofbdcikot ok|po fb acfitiaèb s of dpct|cbkcthi& s lotlo offbt fb dikaceupbdcôk

lo fb acfitiaèb holcoqbf+

0+ \okop ukb dih~poktcôk tckô~|cdb lo fbt ~pckdc~bfot dippcok|ot s bu|ipot lo fb acfitiaèbholcoqbf+4+ Dikidop ok tu dikozcôk fit |ohbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb acfitiaèb holcoqbf& ot~odcbfhok|ofbt pofbdcikot ok|po ao s pb}ôk& s fb auklbhok|bdcôk |oifôecdb lo fit ôplokot dôthcdit shipbf+


2+ Ipceok s dbpâd|opot lo fb acfitiaèb holcoqbf2+2+ Of dpct|cbkcthi apok|o b fb acfitiaèb ok of Ch~opci Pihbki2+2+2+ Fb ao dpct|cbkb s fb jct|ipcb2+2+0+ Dpct|cbkcthi s qoplbl2+2+4+ Fb chbeok dpct|cbkb lo Lcit2+2+<+ Fb dikdo~dcôk dpct|cbkb lof jih`po2+0+ Fbt lid|pckbt acfitôacdbt ok of Ch~opci Pihbki2+4+ Dpct|cbkcthi s ~fb|ikcthi0+ ^pckdc~bfot dippcok|ot s bu|ipot lo fb acfitiaèb holcoqbf0+2+ Of ~polihckci lo fb dippcok|o ~fb|ôkcdb(beut|ckcbkb *tt+ QC(ZCCC#0+0+ Of lotdu`pchcok|i lo Bpct|ô|ofot+ Of bqoppièthi *tt+ ZCC(ZCCC#

0+0+2+ Fb |pbkthctcôk âpbò lo fb acfitiaèb epcoeb0+0+0+ Of bqoppièthi fb|cki0+4+ Of bpct|i|ofcthi ki bqoppièt|b+ T|i+ \ihât lo Brucki *t+ZCCC#0+<+ Fb dpctct lo fb otdifât|cdb+ Of kihckbfcthi *t+ ZCQ#4+ ^pckdc~bfot |ohbt lo fb acfitiaèb holcoqbf4+2+ Fbt pofbdcikot ok|po fb ao s fb pb}ôk4+0+ Fb lohit|pbdcôk lo fb ozct|okdcb lo Lcit4+0+2+ Fb qèb lo fb ck|opcipc}bdcôk s fb qoplbl4+0+0+ Of bpeuhok|i ik|ifôecdi+ T+ Bktofhi4+0+4+ Fbt ~puo`bt b ~bp|cp lof hukli *b ~it|opcipc#4+4+ Iplok dôthcdi s iplok hipbf

4+4+2+ Beut|ckcthi s |ihcthi4+4+0+ Idgjbhcthi4+<+ Qifuk|bl s ok|oklchcok|iDPC\OPCIT LO OQBF_BDCÔK

2+ Dikidop fbt b~ip|bdcikot lof dpct|cbkcthi b fb dikdo~dcôk lof hukli lof jih`po s lo Lcit+0+ Oz~fcdbp of ot~èpc|u lo fb acfitiaèb holcoqbf b ~bp|cp lo fbt pofbdcikot ok|po ao s pb}ôk4+ îtoop uk dublpi `âtcdi lo fbt fèkobt s bu|ipot ~pckdc~bfot lo fb acfitiaèb holcoqbf+<+ Tbòp tut |ohbt auklbhok|bfot s fb dikozcôk ok|po offit+



35

\OHB ?+ TBK BE_T\CK

I@MO\CQIT

2+ Dikidop of hili beut|ckcbki lo ok|oklop fb pofbdcôk ok|po ao s pb}ôk& btè dihi tu |oipèbbdopdb lof top juhbki+0+ Dih~poklop fb pofbdcôk ruo ot|b`fodo T+ Beut|èk ok|po fb |oifieèb s fb kb|upbfo}b s oftok|cli lo fb jct|ipcb+ Btè dihi fb ckafuokdcb lo tu ~oktbhcok|i ok fb acfitiaèb holcoqbf+4+ B~podcbp s dihok|bp ok fb fod|upb lof |oz|i *Fb dculbl lo Lcit# fit bt~od|itbk|pi~ifôecdit& |oifôecdit o jct|ôpcdit ok tu ck|opkb pofbdcôk+


2+ Ao s pb}ôk ok of ~oktbhcok|i beut|ckcbki2+2+ Ao s pb}ôk2+0+ Ipceok lo fb bd|c|ul beut|ckcbkb bk|o fb ao s fb pb}ôk

0+ Pbèdot bk|pi~ifôecdbt lof ~oktbhcok|i beut|ckcbki0+2+ Bu|i|pbtdoklchcok|i lof jih`po ok of dikidchcok|i0+2+2+ Of btdokti b fb qoplbl b`tifu|b0+2+0+ Fb cfuhckbdcôk0+0+ Bu|i|pbtdoklchcok|i lof jih`po ok fb qifuk|bl4+ \oifieèb s bk|pi~ifieèb ok Tbk Beut|èk4+2+ Fb ozct|okdcb lo Lcit4+0+ Bk|pi~ifieèb4+0+2+ Kb|upbfo}b lof bfhb4+0+0+ Fb fc`op|bl s of ~pi`fohb lof hbf<+ Of ot|bli s fb jct|ipcb+ Fb dculbl lo Lcit

<+2+ Fb jct|ipcb s fb ~opt~od|cqb dpct|cbkb<+0+ Fbt lit dculblot?+ Of beut|ckcthi holcoqbf?+2+ Pofbdcikot ok|po ao s pb}ôk?+0+ Dikdo~dcôk lof jih`po?+4+ O|cdb s ~tcdifieèb?+<+ Of dikidchcok|i?+?+ Fb ot|pud|upb lo fb pobfclbl1+ Dihok|bpci lo |oz|i= Fb dculbl lo LcitDPC\OPCIT LO OQBF_BDCÔK

2+ Oz~fcdbp fb pofbdcôk ok|po ao s pb}ôk toeýk T+ Beut|èk+



3:

0+ Dikidop fb |oipèb lo fb cfuhckbdcôk s tu pofbdcôk dik fb qoplbl+4+ Dikidop fbt clobt bk|pi~ifôecdbt lo T+ Beut|èk+<+ Dih~poklop s jbdop uk dihok|bpci ti`po fb |oipèb lo fbt lit dculblot+

\OHB 1+ TBK\I \IHÂT LO BR_CKI

I@MO\CQIT

2+ Dikidop of hili |ihct|b lo ok|oklop fb pofbdcôk ok|po ao s pb}ôk+ Dih~poklop of tok|cli lofb lohit|pbdcôk lo fb ozct|okdcb lo Lcit+0+ Of dikdo~|i lo kb|upbfo}b juhbkb+ Of dikdo~|i lo fos s tut dfbtot+4+ Cfut|pbp ok fb fod|upb s dihok|bpci lo |oz|i fbt pofbdcikot ok|po |oifieèb s acfitiaèb& ao spb}ôk+


2+ Ao s pb}ôk

2+2+ Fit fèhc|ot lo fb pb}ôk+ Fb ao2+0+ Dik|okclit lo fb pb}ôk s lo fb ao2+4+ Difb`ipbdcôk lo fb pb}ôk dik fb ao2+<+ Difb`ipbdcôk lo fb ao dik fb pb}ôk2+?+ Fb lohit|pbdcôk lo fb ozct|okdcb lo Lcit= fbt dckdi qèbt0+ Fb bk|pi~ifieèb |ihct|b s of dikidchcok|i ck|ofod|ubf0+2+ Pbteit auklbhok|bfot lo fb bk|pi~ifieèb |ihct|b0+0+ Of dikidchcok|i ck|ofod|ubf4+ Fb ot|pud|upb lo fb pobfclbl4+2+ Dik|ckeokdcb s dih~itcdcôk lo otokdcb s ozct|okdcb4+0+ Fb ozct|okdcb dihi "bd|i lo top"

4+4+ Bd|i lo top s ~bp|cdc~bdcôk<+ Ã|cdb s ~ifè|cdb<+2+ Of dikdo~|i |ihct|b lo kb|upbfo}b juhbkb<+0+ Ozct|okdcb lo fb fos kb|upbf<+4+ Dik|okcli lo fb fos kb|upbf<+<+ ^pi~colblot lo fb fos kb|upbf<+?+ Fos kb|upbf s fos ~itc|cqb<+1+ Fb fos kb|upbf s of iplok lof ukcqopti?+ Of bpct|i|ofcthi lo Brucki?+2+ Ot|pud|upb lo fi pobf o ck|op~po|bdcôk lo fb kb|upbfo}b?+0+ \oifieèb

?+4+ Bk|pi~ifieèb



33

?+<+ O|cdb1+ Dihok|bpci lo |oz|i= Tuhb dik|pb fit eok|cfotDPC\OPCIT LO OQBF_BDCÔK

2+ Oz~fcdbp fb pofbdcôk ok|po ao s pb}ôk+0+ Dikidop of tok|cli eokopbf lo fbt "qèbt" ~bpb lohit|pbp fb ozct|okdcb lo Lcit+4+ Lct|ckeucp ok|po fos kb|upbf s fos ~itc|cqb+<+ Dih~poklop s dihok|bp fb lcaopokdcb ok|po fb ck|op~po|bdcôk epcoeb s fb dpct|cbkb lofhukli+

DIK\OKCLIT ̂ PIDOLCHOK\BFOT LO FB TOE_KLB _KCLBL2+ Pofbdcôk ok|po fit tct|ohbt acfitôacdit holcoqbfot s fbt lid|pckbt acfitôacdbt epcoebt&~bp|cdufbphok|o ok poaopokdcb bf ~fb|ikcthi s bpct|i|ofcthi+0+ Pofbdcôk ok|po fit ~pi`fohbt s ~fbk|obhcok|it acfitôacdit s of dik|oz|i jct|ôpcdi(tidcbf okfb Olbl Holcb+4+ Bkâfctct lo |oz|it acfitôacdit holcoqbfot pofoqbk|ot+<+ Dikaoddcôk lo dpikifieèbt s otruohbt dikdo~|ubfot ruo ~ophc|bk fidbfc}bp s pofbdcikbp|bk|i bu|ipot dihi tct|ohbt acfitôacdit+

DIK\OKCLIT BD\C\_LCKBFOT LO FB TOE_KLB _KCLBL2+ B~podci ~ip fbt lct|ck|bt aiphbt acfitôacdbt ok ruo to oz~potb of dpct|cbkcthi dihi uki lofit ofohok|it dikaceupblipot *muk|bhok|o dik fb duf|upb epcoeb# lo fb duf|upb s |pblcdcôkiddclok|bfot+0+ Ck|opãt ~ip fit |pot epbklot âh`c|it *dpct|cbki& hutufhâk s mulèi# ok ruo to lotbppiffb of

~oktbhcok|i acfitôacdi(pofceciti b ~b|cp lo fb Olbl Holcb+4+ \ifopbkdcb s pot~o|i ~ip fbt lct|ck|bt aiphbt cloifôecdbt+<+ B~podci ~ip of |pb`bmi ck|ofod|ubf+

_KCLBL 4+ FB ACFITIAÈB OK FB AIPHBDCÔK LOF H_KLI HILOPKI

\OHB 5+ LOTBPPIFFI S EPBKLOT \OHBT LO FB ACFITIAÈB HILOPKB

I@MO\CQIT

2+ Dikidop fbt diklcdcikot duf|upbfot& tidcbfot s dcok|èacdbt ruo lbk fuebp b fb eãkotct lo fbhilopkclbl+ Of dikdo~|i lo juhbkcthi pokbdok|ct|b+0+ \okop ukb dih~poktcôk tckô~|cdb lo fbt ~pckdc~bfot dippcok|ot s bu|ipot lo fb acfitiaèbhilopkb+4+ Dikidop ok tu dikozcôk fit |ohbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb acfitiaèb hilopkb& dik ot~odcbfb|okdcôk b fb clob lo Cfut|pbdcôk



2>>


2+ Eãkotct s tok|cli lo fb hilopkclbl2+2+ Of Pokbdchcok|i s fb |pbktaiphbdcôk lo fb tidcolbl oupi~ob

2+2+2+ Of Pokbdchcok|i s fb Olbl Holcb2+2+0+ Fb |pbkaiphbdcôk lo fb tidcolbl oupi~ob2+0+ Pokbdchcok|i s Juhbkcthi2+0+2+ Of juhbkcthi pokbdok|ct|b s fb acfitiaèb epcoeb2+0+0+ Juhbkcthi s Poaiphb2+4+ Fb dcokdcb ok fit ipèeokot lo fb hilopkclbl2+4+2+ Fb aètcdb s fb chbeok lof ukcqopti ok fb Olbl Holcb2+4+0+ Fb aètcdb s fb kuoqb chbeok lof _kcqopti0+ ^pckdc~bfot hihok|it s bu|ipot lo fb acfitiaèb hilopkb0+2+ Of pbdcikbfcthi *tcefi ZQCC#0+2+2+ Fb hb|ohâ|cdb dihi hilofi lo tbòp= of clobf lolud|cqi0+2+0+ Fb bu|ituacdcokdcb lo fb pb}ôk s of ckkb|cthi lo fbt clobt0+2+4+ Fb kidcôk pbdcikbfct|b lo tut|bkdcb0+0+ Of oh~cpcthi *tt ZQCC(ZQCCC#0+0+2+ Fb oz~opcokdcb dihi auok|o s fèhc|o lof dikidchcok|i0+0+0+ Fb eãkotct lof dikidchcok|i0+0+4+ Fb dpè|cdb lof dikidchcok|i0+4+ Of clobfcthi |pbtdoklok|bf= Gbk| *t+ ZQCCC#0+<+ Of clobfcthi b`tifu|i= Joeof *tt+ ZQCCC(ZCZ#4+ \ohbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb acfitiaèb hilopkb4+2+ Fb bu|ikihèb lo fb pb}ôk

4+0+ Of hã|ili4+4+ Fb Cfut|pbdcôk4+4+2+ Kb|upbfo}b s fcòp|bl4+4+0+ Dbpbd|opèt|cdbt lo fb pb}ôk4+4+4+ Fb pofcecôk kb|upbf s of loèthi4+4+<+ Jct|ipcb s ~piepoti4+4+?+ Pbdcikbfc}bdcôk lof Ot|bli hilopki= fb |oipèb lof dik|pb|iDPC\OPCIT LO OQBF_BDCÔK

2+ Dih~poklop fb b~ip|bdcôk lo fb dcokdcb& of juhbkcthi s fb poaiphb pofcecitb ok fb eãkotctlo fb hilopkclbl+

0+ îtoop uk dublpi `âtcdi lo fbt fèkobt s bu|ipot ~pckdc~bfot lo fb acfitiaèb hilopkb+4+ Dih~poklop fb ch~ip|bkdcb lof hã|ili ~bpb fb acfitiaèb hilopkb+<+ Dikidop fbt clobt auklbhok|bfot lo fb Cfut|pbdcôk+

\OHB :+ LOTDBP\OT



2>2

I@MO\CQIT

2+ Dih~poklop of dikdo~|i lo pb}ôk s tu ot|podjb pofbdcôk dik fb ~pchbdèb hilopkb lofhã|ili s lof tbòp hb|ohâ|cdi+

0+ Dih~poklop fb ot|pud|upb dbp|otcbkb lo fb pobfclbl= |oipèb lo fbt |pot tut|bkdcbt+ Tu |oipèblof top juhbki& dik ot~odcbf b|okdcôk bf dikdo~|i lo fcòp|bl+4+ Fb lct|ckdcôk foc`kc}cbkb lo qoplblot lo pb}ôk s qoplblot lo jodji+<+ B~podcbp ok of dihok|bpci lo fbt lit ~bp|ot lof Lctdupti lof hã|ili of ot~èpc|u lo fbhilopkclbl s tu ~pisod|i+


2+ Pb}ôk s hã|ili2+2+ _kclbl lof tbòp s lo fb pb}ôk2+0+ Fb ot|pud|upb lo fb pb}ôk s of hã|ili0+ Fb ~pchopb qoplbl s of dpc|opci0+2+ Fb lulb ho|ôlcdb0+0+ Of diec|i s of dpc|opci lo qoplbl4+ Fbt clobt4+2+ Fbt clobt& i`mo|i lof ~oktbhcok|i4+0+ Fb clob= pobfclbl i`mo|cqb s bd|i hok|bf4+4+ Dfbtot lo clobt<+ Fb ot|pud|upb lo fb pobfclbl<+2+ Fb ozct|okdcb lo Lcit s lof hukli<+0+ Fbt |pot tut|bkdcbt

?+ Pbèdot bk|pi~ifôecdbt lof pbdcikbfcthi?+2+ Oz~opcokdcb dbp|otcbkb lo fb fcòp|bl?+0+ Fbt ~btcikot?+4+ Of si dihi ~oktbhcok|i s fcòp|bl1+ Of ~pckdc~ci lo pb}ôk tuacdcok|o s fbt qoplblot lo jodji ok Foc`kc}1+2+ Qoplblot lo jodji s qoplblot lo pb}ôk1+0+ Of ~pi`fohb lo fb fcòp|bl1+4+ Lcit s of ~pckdc~ci lo pb}ôk tuacdcok|o5+ Dihok|bpci lo |oz|i= Lctdupti lof Hã|iliDPC\OPCIT LO OQBF_BDCÔK

2+ Dih~poklop fb ch~ip|bkdcb lodctcqb lof hã|ili& s lct|ckeucp ok ãf fb lulb lo tut poefbt+0+ Dih~poklop fb pofbdcôk ok|po clobt s dikidchcok|i lo fb pobfclbl+4+ Lct|ckeucp ok|po ~btcikot& ~oktbhcok|i s qifuk|bl+<+ Dikidop of tok|cli lof ~pckdc~ci lo pb}ôk tuacdcok|o+



2>0

\OHB 3+ FIDGO S J_HO

I@MO\CQIT

2+ Dikidop fb ck|op~po|bdcôk oh~cpèt|b lof dikidchcok|i& s fb aukdcôk ruo ok ãf lotoh~oòbk ofdikdo~|i lo clob s tut dfbtot+0+ Dih~poklop fb |oipèb oh~cpct|b bdopdb lo fb pobfclbl+ Aokihokcthi s otdo~|cdcthi+ Tutdiktoduokdcbt ti`po fb hipbf s fb pofcecôk+4+ Dihok|bp s dih~poklop tckô~|cdbhok|o ok of |oz|i lo Juho fbt |otct auklbhok|bfot lofoh~cpcthi+


2+ Fidgo s of bkâfctct oh~cpct|b lof dikidchcok|i2+2+ Fb dpè|cdb bf ckkb|cthi2+0+ Fb eãkotct lo fbt clobt2+0+2+ Fb oz~opcokdcb& ipceok s fèhc|o lo kuot|pi dikidchcok|i2+0+0+ Of bkâfctct lo fbt clobt2+4+ Fb kidcôk lo clob2+<+ Dfbtot lo clobt2+<+2+ Clobt tch~fot2+<+0+ Clobt dih~fombt+ Fb clob lo tut|bkdcb2+?+ Si& hukli& Lcit0+ Juho s fb diktuhbdcôk otdã~|cdb lof oh~cpcthi

0+2+ Of dikidchcok|i s tut fèhc|ot0+2+2+ Ofohok|it lof dikidchcok|i0+2+0+ \c~it lo dikidchcok|i0+2+4+ Fb dpè|cdb juhobkb b fb clob lo dbutb0+2+<+ Hukli& Lcit& si+ Tu ozct|okdcb0+2+?+ Aokihokcthi s otdo~|cdcthi0+0+ Hipbf s pofcecôk0+0+2+ Of ohi|cqcthi hipbf0+0+0+ Pofcecôk s tok|chcok|i4+ Dihok|bpci lo |oz|i= Dih~oklci lof |pb|bli lo fb kb|upbfo}b juhbkb


2+ Dikidop fb lcaopokdcb ok|po ckkb|cthi s oh~cpcthi+0+ Oz~fcdbp of dikdo~|i& dfbtot s aukdcôk lo fbt clobt+4+ Pofbdcikbp aokihokcthi s otdo~|cdcthi+<+ Dih~poklop fb aukdcôk lo fb ~btcôk& of tok|chcok|i s fb pb}ôk ok fb hipbf s fb pofcecôk+



2>4

\OHB 2>+ GBK\

I@MO\CQIT

2+ Dih~poklop of tok|cli lo ukb dpè|cdb lo fb pb}ôk& s fb pofbdcôk ok|po Dpè|cdb s Acfitiaèb+0+ Dikidop of dbpâd|op |oôpcdi lo fb pb}ôk s tu uti ok fb hb|ohâ|cdb& ok fb aètcdb s ok fbho|baètcdb+4+ Dikidop of dbpâd|op ~pâd|cdi lo fb pb}ôk s of aiphbfcthi hipbf+<+ B~podcbp s dihok|bp ok fb fod|upb lo fit |oz|it gbk|cbkit fb aukdcôk dpè|cdb lo fb acfitiaèb oktu bkâfctct |pbtdoklok|bf lof dikidchcok|i *Kb|upbfo}b# s lo fb bddcôk *fcòp|bl#+


2+ Tok|cli lo ukb dpè|cdb lo fb pb}ôk+ Fb clob lo acfitiaèb2+2+ Kodotclbl lo ukb dpè|cdb lo fb pb}ôk2+0+ Cfut|pbdcôk s fcòp|bl dihi ho|b lo fb pb}ôk2+4+ Fb clob lo acfitiaèb2+4+2+ Dikdo~|i huklbki lo fb acfitiaèb2+4+0+ Dikdo~|i bdblãhcdi lo fb acfitiaèb2+4+4+ Bd|cqclbl dpè|cdb lo fb acfitiaèb0+ Fb kb|upbfo}b s fb pb}ôk |oôpcdb0+2+ Of ~pi`fohb lof dikidchcok|i0+2+2+ Hât bffâ lof pbdcikbfcthi s lof oh~cpcthi

0+2+0+ îtc`cfclbl lo fb ho|baètcdb dihi dcokdcb0+2+4+ Kb|upbfo}b s diklcdcikot lof dikidchcok|i dcok|èacdi0+2+<+ Fit mucdcit tck|ã|cdit b ~pcipc0+0+ Toktc`cfclbl s ok|oklchcok|i+ Hb|ohâ|cdbt s aètcdb0+0+2+ Fb ot|ã|cdb |pbtdoklok|bf0+0+0+ Fb bkbfè|cdb |pbtdoklok|bf4+ Fit fèhc|ot lof dikidchcok|i4+2+ Of clobfcthi |pbtdoklok|bf+ Aokôhoki s kôuhoki4+0+ Fb lcbfãd|cdb |pbtdoklok|bf4+0+2+ Ch~itc`cfclbl lo fb ho|baètcdb dihi dcokdcb4+0+0+ Fb pb}ôk

4+0+4+ Fb pb}ôk s fb ho|baètcdb<+ Fb fcòp|bl s fb pb}ôk ~pâd|cdb+ Of aiphbfcthi hipbf<+2+ Pb}ôk |oôpcdb s pb}ôk ~pâd|cdb<+0+ Of aiphbfcthi hipbf<+0+2+ Fbt ã|cdbt hb|opcbfot<+0+0+ Dpè|cdb lo Gbk| b fbt ã|cdbt hb|opcbfot<+0+4+ Fb ã|cdb aiphbf lo Gbk|<+4+ Fcòp|bl& ckhip|bfclbl s ozct|okdcb lo Lcit?+ Dihok|bpci lo |oz|it= Dpè|cdb lo fb pb}ôk ~upb+ Auklbhok|bdcôk lo fb ho|baètcdb lo fbtdit|uh`pot+DPC\OPCIT LO OQBF_BDCÔK



2><

2+ Dih~poklop fb kiqolbl lo fb b~ip|bdcôk gbk|cbkb lo ukb "dpè|cdb lo fb pb}ôk"+0+ Dikidop fit pbteit auklbhok|bfot lof dikidchcok|i i`mo|cqi+4+ Dih~poklop of bfdbkdo s tok|cli lo fb dpè|cdb b fb Ho|baètcdb+<+ Oz~fcdbp fb pofbdcôk ok|po fos hipbf s fcòp|bl+

DIK\OKCLIT ^PIDOLCHCOK\BFOT LO FB \OPDOPB _KCLBL2+ Bkâfctct tct|ohâ|cdi lof aokôhoki lo fb hilopkclbl ok tut lct|ck|it bt~od|it shbkcaot|bdcikot0+ Ckdclokdcb lo lct|ck|it aokôhokit pofoqbk|ot lo dbpâd|op tidciuf|upbf *dcokdcb&|pbktaiphbdcikot odikôhcdbt s ~ifè|cdbt# ok of ~fbk|obhcok|i lo fit ~pi`fohbt acfitôacdit4+ Bkâfctct lo |oz|it ot~odèacdbhok|o po~potok|b|cqit lof ~oktbhcok|i hilopki dik ot~odcbfb|okdcôk b fb ckdclokdcb lo ãt|o ok fb duf|upb bd|ubf

DIK\OKCLIT ̂ PIDOLCHOK\BFOT LO FB \OPDOPB _KCLBL2+ Ck|opãt ~ip fit ~fbk|obhcok|it lo fb Cfut|pbdcôk s tu po~opdutcôk ok fb jct|ipcb iddclok|bf0+ ^pihidcôk lo fit clobfot lo pbdcikbfclbl& fcòp|bl s |ifopbkdcb4+ Lotbppiffi lo ukb bd|c|ul poafozcqb s dpè|cdb<+ Ck|opãt ~ip fb ~opt~od|cqb jct|ôpcdb dihi aiphb lo bddoti b fit ~pi`fohbt s b fbtdikdo~dcikot lof ~potok|o?+ Bd|c|ul dpè|cdb bk|o fit dik|okclit cloifôecdit s |ohbt ruo loki|ot bfeukb lctdpchckbdcôk+

_KCLBL <+ FB ACFITIAÈB OK FB ÃÎDB LOF ACKBF LO FB HILOPKCLBL

\OHB 22+ LOTBPPIFFI S EPBKLOT \OHBT LO FB ACFITIAÈBDIK\OHÎPÂKOB

I@MO\CQIT

2+ Dih~poklop fb eãkotct lo fb acfitiaèb dik|oh~ipâkob ok of hbpdi tidcbf& dcok|èacdi sduf|upbf lo fb dpctct lo fb hilopkclbl+0+ \okop ukb dih~poktcôk tcki~|cdb lo fbt ~pckdc~bfot dippcok|ot s bu|ipot lo fb acfitiaèbdik|oh~ipâkob+4+ Dikidop ok tu dikozcôk fit |ohbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb acfitiaèb dik|oh~ipâkob+


2+ Eãkotct s tok|cli lo fb acfitiaèb dik|oh~ipâkob2+2+ Fb tidcolbl cklut|pcbf2+2+2+ Diktoduokdcbt lo fb poqifudcôk

2+2+0+ Of jodji lo fb cklut|pcb s tut ch~fcdbdcikot



2>?

2+2+4+ Of ot~èpc|u ~itc|cqct|b2+0+ Fb dpctct lo fb pb}ôk ot~odufb|cqb2+4+ Fb ~itc|cqc}bdcôk lo fit tbòpot s fb pofb|cqclbl lo fit tct|ohbt2+4+2+ Of ~pi`fohb lo fbt dcokdcbt lof ot~èpc|u

2+4+0+ Fb pofb|cqc}bdcôk lo fit tct|ohbt acfitôacdit s fb dpctct lo fbt dcokdcbt0+ ^pckdc~bfot hihok|it s bu|ipot lo fb acfitiaèb dik|oh~ipâkob0+2+ Of hbpzcthi0+0+ Jct|ipcdcthi s qc|bfcthi0+4+ Fb aokihokifieèb0+4+2+ Fb ipceckbfclbl lof tumo|i s of hukli lo fb qclb0+4+0+ Clob s i`mo|i lo fb aokihokifieèb0+<+ Of ozct|okdcbfcthi0+<+2+ Fb cppolud|c`cfclbl lof cklcqclui0+<+0+ Fb ozct|okdcb dihi fcòp|bl0+?+ Of koi~itc|cqcthi s fb acfitiaèb bkbfè|cdb0+1+ Fb jophokãu|cdb0+1+2+ Ok ùtdb lo fbt diklcdcikot lo fb dih~poktcôk0+1+0+ \bpob lo fb jophokãu|cdb0+5+ Fb |oipèb dpè|cdb0+5+2+ Fb Otduofb lo Apbkdaip|0+5+0+ Pb}ôk s tidcolbl4+ \ohbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb acfitiaèb dik|oh~ipâkob4+2+ Pb}ôk& fokeubmo o jct|ipcb4+0+ Cklcqclui s tidcolblDPC\OPCIT LO OQBF_BDCÔK

2+ Dih~poklop fb dikmukdcôk lo abd|ipot tidcbfot& ~pilud|cqit s dcok|èacdit ok fb eãkotct lo fbacfitiaèb dik|oh~ipâkob+0+ îtoop uk dublpi `âtcdi lo fbt dippcok|ot auklbhok|bfot lo fb acfitiaèb dik|oh~ipâkob+4+ Dikidop fbt |otct auklbhok|bfot lof hbpzcthi& fb aokihokifieèb s of ozct|okdcbfcthi+<+ Dih~poklop tckô~|cdbhok|o fit |ohbt auklbhok|bfot lo fb acfitiaèb dik|oh~ipâkob+

\OHB 20+ KCO\]TDJO

I@MO\CQIT

2+ Dikidop fb dpè|cdb lo Kco|}tdjo b fb |pblcdcôk iddclok|bf *hipbf& ho|baètcdb& dcokdcb#+0+ Dih~poklop ok tu pofbdcôk fit dikdo~|it lo kcjcfcthi& qifuk|bl lo ~ilop s tu~opjih`po+4+ B~podcbp s dihok|bp ok fb fod|upb lof |oz|i fb ch~ip|bkdcb lof fokeubmo s tu pofbdcôk dik fbqifuk|bl lo ~ilop+




2>1

2+ Fb dpè|cdb lo fb |pblcdcôk iddclok|bf2+2+ Fb dpè|cdb b fb hipbf2+0+ Dpè|cdb ik|ifôecdb lo fb ho|baètcdb

2+4+ Dpè|cdb o~ct|ohifôecdb lo fb ho|baètcdb2+4+2+ Pobfclbl s dikdo~|i2+4+0+ Pobfclbl s fokeubmo2+<+ Fb dpè|cdb lo fbt dcokdcbt ~itc|cqbt0+ Of kcjcfcthi s tut aiphbt4+ Fb qifuk|bl lo ~ilop4+2+ Ck|op~po|bdcôk lo fb pobfclbl4+0+ Fb kuoqb clob lo qoplbl4+4+ Fb kuoqb clob lof fokeubmo4+<+ B|oèthi+ \pbthu|bdcôk lo fit qbfipot<+ Fb clob lo tu~opjih`po?+ Dihok|bpci lo |oz|i= Fb eokobfieèb lo fb hipbf


2+ Dih~poklop of tok|cli lo fb dpè|cdb b fb |pblcdcôk iddclok|bf+0+ Dikidop fbt clobt auklbhok|bfot bdopdb lof fokeubmo+4+ Oz~fcdbp of tok|cli lof kcjcfcthi s tut aiphbt+<+ Jbdop uk dihok|bpci ti`po of tok|cli lo fb huop|o lo Lcit+

\OHB 24+ IP\OEB S EBTTO\

I@MO\CQIT

2+ Dih~poklop of dikdo~|i lo pbdciqc|bfcthi s tu aukdcôk ok fb dpè|cdb lof pobfcthi s lofclobfcthi+0+ Dih~poklop of top jct|ôpcdi lof top juhbki& s dikidop fbt db|oeipèbt lo fb qclb+4+ B~podcbp s dihok|bp ok fb fod|upb lo fit |oz|it of dikdo~|i s tok|cli lo fb pb}ôk qc|bf+<+ Dih~poklop of dikdo~|i lo pb}ôk ~iã|cdb ok of dik|oz|i lo fb acfitiaèb lo Hbpèb ]bh`pbki+


2+ Of pbdciqc|bfcthi2+2+ Dikdo~|i ip|oeucbki lo acfitiaèb2+0+ Dpè|cdb lof pobfcthi s lof clobfcthi

2+4+ Of dikdo~|i lo qclb dihi pobfclbl pblcdbf



2>5

0+ Of jih`po dihi top jct|ôpcdi0+2+ Fbt db|oeipèbt lo fb qclb0+0+ Qclb o jct|ipcb= fb pb}ôk qc|bf4+ Hbpèb ]bh`pbki= Acfitiaèb s ^iotèb+ Fb pb}ôk ~iã|cdb+

<+ Dihok|bpci lo |oz|it= Of |ohb lo kuot|pi |coh~i+ Kc qc|bfcthi kc pbdcikbfcthiDPC\OPCIT LO OQBF_BDCÔK

2+ Dih~poklop fb kiqolbl ruo Ip|oeb b|pc`uso b tu acfitiaèb+0+ Lct|ckeucp ok|po pobfcthi& clobfcthi s pbdciqc|bfcthi+4+ Dikidop of tok|cli lo fb bacphbdcôk "fb qclb ok fb pobfclbl pblcdbf"+<+ Dih~poklop fb kiqolbl lof dikdo~|i "pb}ôk qc|bf"+

\OHB 2<+ UC\\EOKT\OCK S FB ACFITIAÈB BKBFÈ\CDB

I@MO\CQIT

2+ Dih~poklop of ecpi fckeöèt|cdi ok acfitiaèb

0+ Dikidop fb fôecdb lof fokeubmo lof ~pchop Uc||eokt|ock s tu ckafuokdcb ok of koi~itc|cqcthifôecdi+4+ Dikidop fb |oipèb lof fokeubmo dihi uti s aiphb lo qclb lof toeukli Uc||eokt|ock s tuckafuokdcb ok fb acfitiaèb bkbfè|cdb+<+ B~podcbp s dihok|bp ok fb fod|upb lof |oz|i of ~pchop bt~od|i toòbfbli lof fokeubmo+


2+ Of b|ihcthi fôecdi= @+ Puttoff s of \pbd|b|ut lo Uc||eokt|ock2+2+ Fb acfitiaèb lof b|ihcthi fôecdi lo Puttoff2+0+ Of \pbd|b|ut lo Uc||eokt|ock= fit fèhc|ot lof fokeubmo s fb aukdcôk lo fb acfitiaèb

2+0+2+ "Lodcp" s "hit|pbp"+ Fit fèhc|ot lof fokeubmo2+0+0+ Fb aukdcôk lo fb acfitiaèb0+ Of koi~itc|cqcthi fôecdi0+2+ Of fokeubmo s fb bd|cqclbl acfitôacdb0+2+2+ Bfdbkdo s fèhc|ot lof fokeubmo0+2+0+ \c~it lo ~pi~itcdcikot dcok|èacdbt0+2+4+ Fb acfitiaèb0+0+ Of ~pckdc~ci lo qopcacdbdcôk0+0+2+ Qopcacdbdcôk s tcekcacdbli0+0+0+ Fb dpè|cdb b fb ho|baètcdb4+ Fb acfitiaèb bkbfè|cdb+ Of toeukli Uc||eokt|ock

4+2+ Fbt ckqot|cebdcikot acfitôacdbt lo Uc||eokt|ock



2>:

4+2+2+ Fb kuoqb dikdo~dcôk lof fokeubmo4+2+0+ Fb ~fupbfclbl lo utit fckeöèt|cdit4+2+4+ Fb aukdcôk ofudclblipb lo fb acfitiaèb<+ Dihok|bpci lo |oz|it= Ckqot|cebdcikot acfitôacdbt \pbd|b|ut fôecdi(~jcfiti~jcdut


2+ Dih~poklop of tcekcacdbli lof b|ihcthi fôecdi s lof \pbd|b|ut ok of ecpi fckeöèt|cdi okacfitiaèb0+ Dikidop fbt |otct auklbhok|bfot lof \pbd|b|ut+4+ Dikidop fbt clobt auklbhok|bfot lof koi~itc|cqcthi fôecdi ok acfitiaèb lo fb dcokdcb+<+ Dih~poklop fb hilufbdcôk ruo po~potok|bk fbt Ckqot|cebdcikot acfitôacdbt+

\OHB 2?+ JB@OPHBT

I@MO\CQIT

2+ Dih~poklop fb lct|ckdcôk ok|po |oipèb |pblcdcikbf s |oipèb dpè|cdb s of tok|cli eokopbf lo fb

Otduofb lo Apbkdaip|+0+ Dikidop fit lcaopok|ot ck|opotot lof dikidchcok|i s of dikdo~|i lo pb}ôk dihukcdb|cqb+4+ Dikidop of tok|cli eokopbf lo fb jophokãu|cdb dik|oh~ipâkob *Eblbhop#+<+ B~podcbp s dihok|bp ok fb fod|upb lof |oz|i fb pofbdcôk ozct|ok|o ok|po fit ~pckdc~bfot |ohbtlo Jb`ophbt+


2+ Fb otduofb lo Apbkdaip|= dbpbd|opèt|cdbt eokopbfot2+2+ I`mo|cqi lo fb otduofb lo Apbkdaip|2+0+ \oipèb |pblcdcikbf s |oipèb dpè|cdb

2+4+ Pb}ôk s tidcolbl2+<+ Lcbfãd|cdb lo fb Cfut|pbdcôk0+ Dikidchcok|i o ck|opãt0+2+ Tidcolbl& dcokdcb s |ãdkcdb0+0+ Of ~itc|cqcthi0+4+ Fit ck|opotot lof dikidchcok|i4+ Pb}ôk s dihukcdbdcôk4+2+ Jbdcb uk kuoqi dikdo~|i lo pb}ôk4+0+ Fb bddcôk s tut dfbtot4+0+2+ Dikdo~|i lo bddcôk4+0+0+ Dfbtot lo bddcôk

4+0+4+ "Ok|oklchcok|i" s fokeubmo



2>3

4+4+ Fb bddcôk dihukcdb|cqb= clob lo ukb ~pbehâ|cdb ukcqoptbf4+4+2+ Ruã ot bddcôk dihukcdb|cqb4+4+0+ Ruã ot ~pbehâ|cdb ukcqoptbf4+4+4+ ^po|oktcikot lo qbfclo}

4+4+<+ Fit bd|it lo jb`fb4+4+?+ Hilit lo dihukcdbdcôk s âh`c|it lo pobfclbl4+<+ Lctdupti |oôpcdi s ã|cdb dihukcdb|cqb4+<+2+ Ruã ot "lctdupti"4+<+0+ Lctdupti |oôpcdi s qoplbl4+<+4+ Lctdupti ~pâd|cdi s ã|cdb dihukcdb|cqb4+?+ Bddcôk dihukcdb|cqb s hukli lo fb qclb4+?+2+ Bddcôk dihukcdb|cqb s tidcbfc}bdcôk4+?+0+ Hukli lo fb qclb<+ Jophokãu|cdb s dpè|cdb lo fbt cloifieèbt<+2+ Ecpi ik|ifôecdi lo fb jophokãu|cdb= Eblbhop<+2+2+ \bpob lo fb jophokãu|cdb<+2+0+ Ot|pud|upb lo fb jophokãu|cdb<+2+4+ Fokeubmo s hukli?+ Dihok|bpci lo |oz|i= Dikidchcok|i o ck|opãtDPC\OPCIT LO OQBF_BDCÔK

2+ Dikidop fbt dbpbd|opètc|dbt eokopbfot lo fb Otduofb lo Apbkdaip|+0+ Of dikdo~|i lo ck|opãt s tut dfbtot+4+ Dikidop fb |oipèb lo fb bddcôk& tut dfbtot s of tcekcacdbli lo fb pb}ôk dihukcdb|cqb pot~od|ib fb qoplbl s b fb ã|cdb+

<+ Dih~poklop of tok|cli eokopbf lo fb jophokãu|cdb+

DIK\OKCLIT ^PIDOLCHOK\BFOT LO FB D_BP\B _KCLBL2+ Dih~poktcôk tct|ohâ|cdb |bk|i lo fbt lcqoptbt dippcok|ot acfitôacdbt ok ruo to lctepoeb fbacfitiaèb dik|oh~ipâkob dihi lo fb pbè} dihýk b |ilbt offbt+0+ Bkâfctct lo fbt dik|ckuclblot s lcaopokdcbt ok|po |oipèbt acfitôacdbt dik|oh~ipâkobt shilopkbt+4+ Bkâfctct lo |oipèbt s |oz|it acfôtiait ok pofbdcôk dik fb tidcolbl o jct|ipcb dik|oh~ipâkobt+<+ ^fbkcacdbdcôk s pobfc}bdcôk lo lo`b|ot ti`po ~pi`fohbt acfitôacdit bd|ubfot+?+ Pobfc}bdcôk lo |pb`bmit lo tèk|otct+

DIK\OKCLIT BD\C\_LCKBFOT LO FB D_BP\B _KCLBL2+ Ck|opãt ~ip fb jct|ipcb dihi hã|ili lo dih~poktcôk lo kuot|pi hili lo top s lo kuot|pbtc|ubdcôk bd|ubf+0+ Pot~o|i dpè|cdi bf ~fupbfcthi+4+ Lotbppiffi lo fb db~bdclbl lo poafozcôk& b ~bp|cp lo |oz|it i lo bdik|odchcok|it bd|ubfot&ti`po fit tu~uot|it acfitôacdit ok ruo ot|â ckt|bfbli of top juhbki ok fb bd|ubfclbl+



22>

4+ FIT DIK\OKCLIT \PBKTQOPTBFOT

Ok of ~potok|o ~pisod|i to jb |okcli ok duok|b fb clob lo |pbktqoptbfclbl dihi ukb aiphb lodiktclopbp fit dik|okclit lo fb hb|opcb& lo hbkopb pofbdcikblb s |ihbkli ok diktclopbdcôkfit qbfipot s fbt bd|c|ulot ch~fèdc|it ok offit+ Of ~pi~ôtc|i lo kuot|pi ~pisod|i ot dik|pcùcp bruo fb oludbdcôk lo fit ot|ulcbk|ot to ffoqo b dbì dik ukb hbsip ukclbl lo dpc|opcit ok fbtlct|ck|bt hb|opcbt& fi ruo to ~uolo abdcfc|bp ~pot|bkli b|okdcôk b ukb topco lo dik|okclitck|oplctdc~fckbpot ok of hihok|i lo ffoqbp b dbì fb ipebkc}bdcôk lof ~pisod|i duppcdufbp+

Ot|it dik|okclit ck|oplctdc~fckbpot i |pbktqoptbfot tik=( Oludbdcôk ~bpb of diktuhi( Oludbdcôk ok fit holcit lo dihukcdbdcôk( Oludbdcôk ~bpb fb tbful( Oludbdcôk ~bpb fit lopodjit juhbkit s fb ~b}( Oludbdcôk ~bpb fb ceubflbl ok|po fit tozit( Oludbdcôk ~bpb of lotbppiffi( Oludbdcôk holcibh`cok|bf( Oludbdcôk ~bpb of ck|opduf|upbfcthi( Oludbdcôk qcbfOf |bfbk|o dik of ruo to jbk lo okaidbp ot|it dik|okclit |pbktqoptbfot loò top ck|oepblip otlodcp& ki loòk top ok|oklclit dihi 66bòblclupbt;; bf duppèdufi& dihi hb|opcbt bctfblbt ruoch~fcdbk fb ofbìpbdcôk lo kuoqit dik|okclit tcki dihi qèbt ~bpb bli~|bp ~opt~od|cqbthýf|c~fot ruo kit b`pbk dbhckit ~bpb okaidbp fit dikidchcok|it lo uk hili hât dih~fo|i+

<+ LCAOPOKDCBDCÔK LO BD\CQCLBLOT LO POA_OP]I S BH^FCBDCÔK

Ok of b~bp|bli ~pchopi& bf oz~ikop fb mut|cacdbdcôk lo fit bt~od|it ho|ilifôecdit s lclâd|cditlo kuot|pi ~pisod|i& johit toòbfbli sb ruo bf ackbf lo dblb |ohb to ckdfuso uk dikmuk|i loduot|cikot s bd|cqclblot+ Bruãffbt s ãt|bt tik& ok fèkobt eokopbfot s pot~od|cqbhok|o&ckt|puhok|it ý|cfot lcpceclit bf poauop}i& lo ukb ~bp|o& s b fb bh~fcbdcôk& ~ip i|pb ~bp|o& lo fiot|ulcbli s b~poklcli ok dblb |ohb+Bhìt bt~od|it tuofok ~potok|bpto lo hili bp|cdufbli+ Iapodohit uk omoh~fi cklcdb|cqi|ihbli lof |ohb ~pchopi *66 Lotbppiffi s epbklot |ohbt lo fb acfitiaèb epcoeb;;# ruo

ckdfuso |podo duot|cikot s dub|pi bd|cqclblot+ Dik fb duot|côk 66Oz~ôk fit bt~od|it ok ruo*b# dickdclok s *`# to i~ikok of hc|i s fb oz~fcdbdcôk pbdcikbf;; to dippot~iklo fb bd|cqclbltceucok|o=66Fãbto s dihãk|oto of hc|i lo ^piho|oi toòbfbkli ruã bt~od|it kb|upbfot sduf|upbfot lo fb ot~odco juhbkb |pb|b lo oz~fcdbp+ *Of dihok|bpci ~uolo jbdoptocklcqclubfhok|o i `cok dihi bd|cqclbl dihýk ok dfbto#;;+ To i`topqbpâ ceubfhok|o ruo fbduot|côk 66¹Duâfot tik fit pbteit dbpbd|opèt|cdit lo fit tiact|bt9;; okduok|pb tudippot~iklokdcb ok fb bd|cqclbl tceucok|o= 66B ~bp|cp lo fit tiact|bt to diktifclô fb i~itcdcôkok|po kb|upbfo}b s dikqokdcôk& i~itcdcôk ruo dik|ckýb qceok|o b |pbqãt lo fb i~itcdcôk ok|pokb|upbfo}b s duf|upb+ Ti`po fb `bto lo fit dikidchcok|it ruo blrucpct|o of dupti ~btbli (s ruo~uolot blrucpcp uf|opciphok|o( bdopdb lo ot|o ýf|chi |ohb& jb} uk |pb`bmi bdopdb lo fb~fupbfclbl lo fbt duf|upbt s of pofb|cqcthi duf|upbf;;+



222

Ot|it omoh~fit huot|pbk lo hbkopbp tuacdcok|o of hili ok ruo ok kuot|pi ~pisod|i to ~pidupb~pihiqop s diiplckbp fbt bd|cqclblot lo poauop}i s bh~fcbdcôk& ~ophc|cãklito dik offi ukbepblbdcôk ruo& b tu qo}& abdcfc|bpâ bf ^piaotip)b of b|oklop blodublbhok|o b fb lcqoptclbllok|pi lof epu~i lo tut bfuhkit)kbt+

CKT\P_HOK\IT LO OQBF_BDCÔK

Pobfc}bdcôk lo ~puo`bt otdpc|bt toeýk of hilofi lo Tofod|cqclbl+ Ot|bt ~puo`bt topâk |pbtdblb ukclbl i epu~i lo ukclblot lclâd|cdbt+Fb btct|okdcb b dfbto to qbfipbpâ toeýk fit dpc|opcit ot|b`fodclit ~ip of dok|pi+To toeucpâk ok |ili hihok|i fbt Lcpod|pcdot s Ipcok|bdcikot Eokopbfot ~bpb fbt ^puo`bt loBddoti b fb _kcqoptclbl ruo ot|bpâk oz~uot|bt |bk|i ok of |b`fôk lo bkukdcit lof dok|pi dihiok of Bufb lo Acfitiaèb s tik fbt ruo to okduok|pbk ok of okfbdo tceucok|o=

j||~=))+muk|blobklbfudcb+ot)ckkiqbdcikdcokdcbsoh~potb)teuc|~beckbt)lct|pc|i)ozbhokotYtofYh0?)dpc|opcitYtofod|cqclbl)dpc|opcitYtofY|oz|iYacfitiacdi+~la

Ok fb ^puo`b Oz|pbiplckbpcb lo To~|coh`po to hbk|oklpâ of hcthi dpc|opci+

DIK\OKCLIT HÈKCHIT LO FB HB\OPCB

Lo |ohbt i bu|ipot+

_kclbl 2+ ^fb|ôk=Fb dikt|c|udcôk lof ukcqoptiFb pobfclbl s of dikidchcok|iFb lid|pckb ~fb|ôkcdb lof bfhb+

Ã|cdb s ~ifè|cdb+

_kclbl 0+ Tbk|i \ihât lo Brucki=(Ao s Pb}ôk+(Fb bk|pi~ifieèb |ihct|b s of dikidchcok|i ck|ofod|ubf+(Fb ot|pud|upb lo fb pobfclbl+(Ã|cdb s ^ifè|cdb+

(Of bpct|i|ofcthi lo Brucki+

_kclbl 4+ Lotdbp|ot=(Pb}ôk s hã|ili+(Fb ~pchopb qoplbl s of dpc|opci+(Fbt clobt+(Fb ot|pud|upb lo fb pobfclbl+(Pbèdot bk|pi~ifôecdbt lof pbdcikbfcthi+(Of ~pckdc~ci lo pb}ôk tuacdcok|o s fbt qoplblot lo jodji ok Foc`kc}+

_kclbl <+ Kco|}tdjo=

(Fb dpè|cdb lo fb |pblcdcôk iddclok|bf+

http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/innovacioncienciayempresa/sguitpaginas/distrito/examenes_sel_m25/criterios_selectividad/criterios_sel_texto_filosofico.pdf







224

22


"^pisod|i Ck|oepbli lo Dbpâd|op ^pâd|cdi+"


Ok of duppèdufi lo @bdjcffopb|i *fi dikdopkcok|o b fb hb|opcb ^pisod|i ck|oepbli ot|â ok~âeckbt 02<(021 lof @IMB#& ãt|b to lotdpcò dihi uk |pb`bmi lo ckqot|cebdcôk *lit dihihâzchi ~ip bòi bdblãhcdi# ok of ruo of bfuhki ~ikeb ok muoei fi b~poklcli ok of âh`c|i lo

lct|ck|bt hb|opcbt s dik|oz|it lo b~poklc}bmo & lo aiphb ruo fo ~ophc|b ck|oepbp fi b~poklcli

ok offbt s qbfipbp hât fb u|cfclbl lo tut b~poklc}bmot+

Bukruo to |coko fcòp|bl ~bpb tofoddcikbp fit |ohbt& dblb ~pisod|i topâ ofoecli s lotbppiffbli

lo aiphb ruo=

† Abdcfc|o& porucopb s ot|chufo fb `ýtruolb lo ckaiphbdcikot& fb b~fcdbdcôk efi`bf lofdikidchcok|i& lo ot|pb|oecbt s dikidchcok|it ~pâd|cdit& db~bdclblot tidcbfot slot|po}bt lcqoptbt& ki kodotbpcbhok|o qckdufblbt bf duppèdufi lo fbt hb|opcbt lof dupti

† Ch~fcruo fb pobfc}bdcôk lo bfei |bkec`fo+† Ch~fcruo fb ckaiphbdcôk b fit lohât& lok|pi s)i auopb lof dok|pi oludb|cqi& ti`po of

|pb`bmi i fb i`pb pobfc}blit& fbt dikdfutcikot i`|okclbt& o|d+& utbkli lcaopok|ot dôlceitlo dihukcdbdcôk& ipbf s otdpc|i& tch`ôfcdi& bp|èt|cdi& o|d+& ok ot~bòif i ok i|pitclcihbt s b~isâklito ok fbt |odkifieèbt lo fb ckaiphbdcôk s fb dihukcdbdcôk+

† Fbt bd|cqclblot ruo to pobfcdok dikod|ok lo bfeukb aiphb dik of hukli pobf& ~bpb ruo

of bfuhkbli |okeb i~ip|ukclbl lo b~fcdbp o ck|oepbp dikidchcok|it lcqoptit s ~uolbbd|ubp lok|pi s auopb lo fit dok|pit lidok|ot+

† Fit bfuhkit s bfuhkbt jbebk ukb b~pizchbdcôk b fi ruo tu~iko jbdop uk |pb`bmi okdiklcdcikot pobfot *+++#

† Aihok|o fb ~bp|cdc~bdcôk lo |ilit s |ilbt ok fbt lctdutcikot& |ihb lo lodctcikot s okfb pobfc}bdcôk lof ~pisod|i& tck ~opmucdci lo ruo ~uolbk po~bp|cpto |bpobt spot~iktb`cfclblot+Bdit|uh`po bf bfuhkbli b jbdopto pot~iktb`fo& |bk|i lo tu ~pi~cib~poklc}bmo dihi lo fb ~bp|o ruo fo dippot~iklb ok fb pobfc}bdcôk of ~pisod|i+

To cktct|o ok fb ch~ip|bkdcb lo fbt |odkifieèbt lo fb ckaiphbdcôk s dihukcdbdcôk& |bk|i ~bpb

i`|okop ckaiphbdcôk& dihi ~bpb dihukcdbp b fit lohât& lo fb aiphb ok ruo& jb`c|ubfhok|o&to jbdo jis lèb& fit potuf|blit& dikdfutcikot& o|d+ lof ~pisod|i pobfc}bli+

Ot ukb ùokb idbtcôk ~bpb ckcdcbp b fit bfuhkit ok of uti lo joppbhcok|bt 0+> s ~bpb ruo|ihok fbt pcoklbt lo tu b~poklc}bmo



22<

22

I@MO\CQIT EOKOPBFOT

I@MO\CQIT

@utdbp s tofoddcikbp poduptit lct~ikc`fot ok fb pol ~bpb ckdip~ipbpfit b tut ~pi~cbt ~piluddcikot&qbfipbkli fb ch~ip|bkdcb lof pot~o|i lo fb ~pi~colbl ck|ofod|ubf+

Dikidop s u|cfc}bp fbt joppbhcok|bt ~bpb ck|oepbpto ok polot tidcbfot& b~ip|bkli ~piluddcikot~pi~cbt ~bpb dik|pcùcp bf dpodchcok|i lo fbt hcthbt s bli~|bkli b~|c|ulot lo pot~o|i&~bp|cdc~bdcôk& tifclbpclbl& |ifopbkdcbt s difbìpbdcôk& ruo ~itc`cfc|ok fb dpobdcôk lo ~piluddcikot

difod|cqbt+

_|cfc}bp ~opcaãpcdit ~bpb db~|upbp s lcec|bfc}bp châeokot& |oz|it& tikclit s qcloit s hbkombp fbtaukdcikbfclblot ~pckdc~bfot lo fit ~piepbhbt lo |pb|bhcok|i lcec|bf lo fb chbeok acmb& tikcli s fbchbeok ok hiqchcok|i+

Lotbppiffbp fb db~bdclbl lo |pb`bmi ok oruc~i s lo b~poklop ~ip tè hcthi& b~fcdbkli hã|ilit lo

ckqot|cebdcôk b~pi~cblit ~bpb of ot|ulci lo lcaopok|ot tc|ubdcikot+

Dik|pcùcp& dik fbt ~piluddcikot ruo to ofbìpok& b lcauklcp |ohbt lo oludbdcôk ok qbfipot

_|cfc}bp ~bpb kuot|pbt ~piluddcikot hb|opcbfot ~pi~cit lo fbt btcekb|upbt lo fb hilbfclbl lo`bdjcffopb|i ofoeclb& btè dihi ofohok|it |pbktqoptbfot ruo aip|bfo}dbk of pot~o|i lo fit lopodjitjuhbkit& fbt fcòp|blot auklbhok|bfot& fit qbfipot ruo ~po~bpbk bf bfuhkbli ~bpb btuhcp ukb qclb

pot~iktb`fo ok ukb tidcolbl fc`po s lohidpâ|cdb& fb oludbdcôk ~bpb of diktuhi& fb oludbdcôk qcbf& ofpot~o|i b fb ck|opduf|upbfclbl& of holci bh`cok|o s fb u|cfc}bdcôk pot~iktb`fo lof |coh~i fc`po s idci+

Ck|oepbp fb ckaiphbdcôk lo |oz|i& kuhãpcdb s epâacdb ~bpb dikt|pucp s oz~potbp ukclblot lodikidchcok|i ok aiphb lo ~potok|bdcikot ofod|pôkcdbt+

Dikidop s qbfipbp of tok|cli s fb po~opdutcôk tidcbf lo fbt lcqoptbt bf|opkb|cqbt ozct|ok|ot ~bpb



22?

22

dih~bp|cp fit dik|okclit ~u`fcdblit ok fb o` s b~fcdbpfit dubkli to lcauklbk fbt ~piluddcikot~pi~cbt+

Qbfipbp fbt ~itc`cfclblot ruo iapodok fbt |odkifieèbt lo fb ckaiphbdcôk s fb dihukcdbdcôk s fbtpo~opdutcikot ruo tu~ikok tu uti+

Ot|chufbp of ck|opãt s jâ`c|i lo fod|upb& btè dihi fb db~bdclbl lo oz~potbpto dippod|bhok|o ok~ý`fcdi& lotbppiffbkli fb db~bdclbl lo oz~potcôk ipbf s otdpc|b holcbk|o ~piluddcikot huf|cholcb+

@FIR_OT \OHÂ\CDIT

@firuo 2 Ofoddcôk lo |ohb s `ýtruolb lo hb|opcbf ok Ck|opko|+

@firuo 0 ^po~bpbdcôk lo fbt ok|pblbt ~bpb of `fie+

@firuo 4 û`fcdbdcôk lo fbt ok|pblbt ok of `fie s pot~uot|b b fit dihok|bpcit+

POFBDCÔK LO _KCLBLOT DIK @FIR_OT \OHÂ\CDIT S\OHÎPBFC]BDCÔK+

@FIR_O\OHÂ\CDI

_KCLBLLCLÂD\CDB

\È\_FI\OHÎPBFC(

]BDCÔK

2ª OQ

2 0 ok|pblbt~u`fcdblbt

Ofoddcôk lo |ohb s `ýtruolb lo hb|opcbf okCk|opko|+^po~bpbdcôk lo fbt ok|pblbt ~bpb of`fie+û`fcdbdcôk lo fbt ok|pblbt ok of `fie spot~uot|b b fit dihok|bpcit+

j||~=))ceubflbl4>>>+`fiet~i|+dih)

2?(3 b 2?(20

3 j

http://igualdad3000.blogspot.com/





221

22

0ª OQ




20(2 b 04(4

2> j

4ª OQ




4>(4 b 2?(1

3 j

\I\BF JIPBT= 0:

HO\ILIFIEÈB+

To toeucpâ ukb ho|ilifieèb bd|cqb liklo of bfuhkbli to bdit|uh`po b |pb`bmbp |bk|i cklcqclubfhok|o&lo hbkopb bu|ôkihb s b~poklcokli ~ip tè hcthi& dihi difod|cqbhok|o& |pb`bmbkli ok oruc~i ~bpbofbìpbp ~piluddcikot lo epu~i+

Of |pb`bmi ok dfbto ot auklbhok|bf& s fb fbìp lof ~piaotip ot|â hât okaidblb ok fb ipcok|bdcôk s

btotipbhcok|i b fit bfuhkit ruo ok fb |pbkthctcôk lo dikdo~|it+

To aiphbpâ b fit bfuhkit ok of uti `âtcdi lo joppbhcok|bt lct~ikc`fot ~bpb pobfc}bp ukb lo|ophckblb|bpob s fit bfuhkit loòpâk ckqot|cebp s |pb`bmbp bu|ôkihbhok|o jbt|b diktoeucp fit potuf|blitlotoblit+

OQBF_BDCÔK+

Fb oqbfubdcôk to dik|oh~fb dihi uk ~pidoti dik|ckui b fi fbpei lo |ili of dupti+ Of 3>/ lo fb ki|bfi b~ip|bpâ of |pb`bmi ruo of bfuhki qbsb pobfc}bkli b fi fbpei lof dupti+ Of ~piaotip cpâ qbfipbkli ot|o|pb`bmi+ Blohât dik|pcùcpâ dik of 2>/ pot|bk|o fbt bd|c|ulot+

^bpb fb dbfcacdbdcôk lof bfuhki(b to |oklpâ ok duok|b=

2+ Fb ki|b lo dfbto *0 ok|pblbt ~u`fcdblbt ok of `fie CE_BFOT OK FBT \POT HCF *j||~=))ceubflbl4>>>+`fiet~i|+dih) # ~ip |pchot|po+#

0+ Fb dbfcacdbdcôk poaopok|o b fbt bd|c|ulot |bh`cãk to |oklpâ ok duok|b& bukruo ok hokip holclbruo ok fb OTI *2>/#+ Fit bfuhkit lo ot|o dupti lo @bdjcffopb|i tuofok top pot~iktb`fot sot|bp dikdcokdcblit lo ~ip ruã qcokok s ~bpb ruã+ Tu bd|c|ul ot ~pâd|cdbhok|o tcoh~po`bt|bk|o ~itc|cqb ok |ilit fit bt~od|it+












225

22

Fb qbfipbdcôk lo fb bd|c|ul to ffoqbpâ b dbì ~ip bki|bdcikot ruo to jbpâk ok of dublopki lo ^piaotipok of ruo to lombpâ dikt|bkdcb tc jbk jodji i ki fit omopdcdcit& dih~ip|bhcok|i ok dfbto& pobfc}bdcôk lobd|cqclblot qifuk|bpcbt s abf|bt& auklbhok|bfhok|o+ Fb ~uk|ubdcôk koeb|cqb ~ip hbf dih~ip|bhcok|iok dfbto ki topâ dih~oktb`fo btè dihi ~ip abf|bt lo btct|okdcb7 tè of pot|i+ îp dblb |pot abf|bt tck

mut|cacdbp to fo po`bmbpâ >+4 ~uk|it+ Of ~uk|i dippot~iklcok|o b fb ki|b lo bd|c|ul *2>/# to fo lbpâ b|ilit fit bfuhkit7 lo ot|o to cpâ pot|bkli >&4 ~uk|it ~ip dblb koeb|cqi dippot~iklcok|o b fitdikdo~|it bk|ot poaopclit+Fb btct|okdcb b dfbto to qbfipbpâ toeýk fit dpc|opcit ot|b`fodclit ~ip of dok|pi+^bpb fb tu~opbdcôk lof dupti topâ kodotbpci ruo of bfuhki)b qbsb pobfc}bkli uk |pb`bmi bdo~|b`fo&ffoebkli b lihckbp fbt joppbhcok|bt ckaiphâ|cdbt ruo to qbk b u|cfc}bp+ Blohât& of |pb`bmi lo`ýtruolb lo ckaiphbdcôk o ckqot|cebdcôk loò lo top bdo~|b`fo+

B dblb bfuhki)b to fo abdcfc|bpâ bf ~pckdc~ci lo dupti fit dpc|opcit lo oqbfubdcôk+


Dikidop fit ~pckdc~bfot dikdo~|it `âtcdit lo fbt \CD+

\pb`bmbp dik of tct|ohb i~opb|cqi Eublbfckoz+

Ck|opdikod|bp lct~itc|cqit ~bpb ck|opdbh`cbp ckaiphbdcôk+

Tbòp u|cfc}bp Ck|opko| *kbqoeblip s ùtdblipot#+

Otdpc`cp |oz|it dik lct|ck|it aiphb|it& ckdfusokli châeokot s qèloit+

Dpobp lcùmit tokdcffit& dbp|ofot& fiei|c~it&& o|d+ S lctoòbp châeokot ~bpb tu ckdfutcôk okhb|opcbfot huf|cholcb+

I`|okop châeokot ai|iepâacdbt& ~btbpfbt bf iplokblip s b~fcdbp |ãdkcdbt lo olcdcôk lcec|bf b fbthcthbt+

Db~|upbp& olc|bp s hik|bp apbehok|it lo qcloi dik bulci ~bpb dpobp hb|opcbfot bulciqctubfot+

Lctoòbp s ofbìpbp ok|pblbt ~bpb of `fie lof ckt|c|u|i ‖CE_BFOT OK FBT \POT HCF‘+



22:

22


"^pi~uot|b lo bd|cqclblot dih~fok|bpcbt s oz|pbotdifbpot+"

D_PTI BTCEKB\_PB BD\CQCLBL AODJB<½ OTI B OL_DBDCÔK

Ã\CDI(DÈQCDB+Qctc|b bf ^bpfbhok|ilo Bklbfudèb+

Ao`popi

2½ @BDJCFFOPB\I ACFITIAÈB SDC_LBLBKÈB+

Qctc|b bf ^bpfbhok|ilo Bklbfudèb+

Ao`popi

‖Dik|pc`udcôk lof Lo~bp|bhok|i bf c|ckopbpci fod|ip lofbfuhkbli‘

D_PTI BTCEKB\_PB BD\CQCLBL Podupti4½ OTI B DBH@CIT

TIDCBFOT SK_OQBTPOFBDCIKOT LOEÃKOPI+

Fod|upb lo fb i`pb‖OF DBT\CKE‘ lo Eik}bfi\pot~blopko Bpkbc}

j||~=))+muk|blobklbfudcb+ot)bqoppiot){do~bf0)hb|opcbfot)bzcbf

)eucbt)kiqofbYofYdbt|cke+~la

<½ OTI B OL_DBDCÔKÃ\CDI(DÈQCDB+

Fod|upb lo fb i`pb‖OF DBT\CKE‘ lo Eik}bfi

\pot~blopko Bpkbc}

j||~=))+muk|blobklbfudcb+ot)bqoppiot){do~bf0)hb|opcbfot)bzcbf

)eucbt)kiqofbYofYdbt|cke+~la

2½ @BDJCFFOPB\I ACFITIAÈB SDC_LBLBKÈB+

Apbehok|ittofoddcikblit lo fbi`pb lo BfliutJuzfos& ‖_k hukli

aofc}‘+

j||~=))bufbloacfitiacb+ko|)0>>:)2>)03)juzfos(uk(hukli(aofc})

0½ @BDJCFFOPB\I ACFITIAÈB CC*JCT\IPCB LO FBACFITIAÈB#

Fod|upb ok dfbto lofit tceucok|ot |oz|itlo fbt ^B_=

(^FB\ÔK&Po~ý`fcdb & fc`piQC& ?>:o2( ?22o+(\IHÂT LOBR_CKI& Tuhb |oifôecdb & C&duot|côk 0& bp|+ 4+(LOTDBP\OT& P+Lctdupti lof hã|ili & Toeuklb~bp|o *~âppbait

tofoddcikblit# sCQ ~bp|o dih~fo|b+

Fc`pi lo ~po~bpbdcôklo fbt ^B_ lo Bkbsb+

http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/averroes/~cepal2/materiales/axial/guias/novela_el_casting.pdf












http://auladefilosofia.net/2008/10/29/huxley-un-mundo-feliz/



















223

(KCO\]TDJO& A+ Of Dpo~ýtdufi lo fit èlifit & §Fb Pb}ôkok fb Acfitiaèb·+(IP\OEB S

EBTTO\& M+ Of \ohb lo Kuot|pi \coh~i & §FbLid|pckb lof^uk|i lo Qct|b·+

Toqcffb& 4> lo to~|coh`po lo 0>22+

departamento de filosofÍa. programaciones 2011-12

Documents