basic phrases in spanish
TRANSCRIPT
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1. Basic Phrases
Buenos das!
bway-nohs dee-ahs
Hello! / Good morning!
Buenas tardes!
bway-nahs tard-ays
Good afternoon!
Buenas noches!
bway-nahs noh-chays
Good evening! / Good night!
Hola!/Chao!oh-lah / chow
Hi! / Bye!
Adis.ah-dee-ohs
Good bye.
Por favor.por fah-bor
Please.
Hasta la vista / Hasta
luego.
ah-stah lah vees-tah / ah-
stah loo-ay-go
See you / See you later.
Hasta pronto.
ah-stah prohn-toh
See you soon.
Hasta maana.
ah-stah mahn-yahn-ah
See you tomorrow.
uchas" #racias.
(moo-chahs) grah-see-ahs
Thank you (very muh.
$e nada.
day nah-dah
"ou#re welome.
Bienvenidos
byen-veh-nee-dohs
$elome
%o siento
loh see-ehn-toh
%#m sorry
Con permiso / Perdn
/ $isculpe
kohn pehr-mee-soh /
pehr-dohn/ dees-kool-
peh&'use me / Pardon me
&amos!
bah-mohs
et#s go!
'Cmo est( usted)
koh-moh ay-stah oo-sted
How are you) (formal
'Cmo est(s)
koh-moh ay-stahs
How are you)
(informal
'*u+ tal)
kay tahl
How#s it going)
Bien / u, -ienbee-ehn / moy bee-ehn
Good / *ery good
al / u, mal / (so menos
mahl / moy mahl /
mahs oh may-nohs
Bad / *ery bad / +,
/ osee / noh
"es / -o
'Cmo se llama usted)
koh-moh say yah-mah oo-
sted
$hat is your name)
(formal
'Cmo te llamas)
koh-moh tay yah-
mahs
$hat is your name)
(informal
e llamo... / i nom-re
es...
may yah-moh / mee nohm-
breh ess
y name is...
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ucho gusto. /0ncantado.
moo-choh goo-stoh / en-
cahn-tah-doh
-ie to meet you.
1gualmente.
ee-guahl-mehn-tay
Same here. / Same to
you.
eor / eora / eorita
sayn-yor / sayn-yor-ah /
sayn-yor-ee-tah
ister / rs. / iss
'$e dnde es usted)
day dohn-day ehs oo-sted$here are you from)
(formal
'$e dnde eres)
day dohn-day eh-rehs$here are you from)
(informal
2o so, de...
yoh soy day%#m from...
'Cu(ntos aos tiene
usted)
quahn-tohs ahn-yohs tee-
ay-nay oo-sted
How old are you) (formal
'Cu(ntos aos
tienes)
quahn-tohs ahn-yohs
tee-ayn-ays
How old are you)
(informal
2o tengo 33333 aos.
yoh tayn-goh _____ ahn-
yohs
% am years old.
'Ha-la usted espaol)
ah-blah oo-sted eh-spahn-
yol
0o you s1eak S1anish)
(formal
'Ha-las ingl+s)
ah-blahs een-glehs
0o you s1eak &nglish)
(informal
o" Ha-lo...
noh ah-bloh
% (don#t s1eak...
'0ntiende usted) /
'0ntiendes)ehn-tyen-deh oo-sted / ehn-
tyen-dehs
0o you understand) (formal
/ informal
o" 0ntiendo.
noh ehn-tyen-doh% (don#t understand.
2o no lo" s+.
yoh noh loh seh% (don#t know.
'Puede a,udarme)
pweh-deh ah-yoo-dar-meh
2an you hel1 me) (formal
Claro / Claro 4ue s
klah-roh / klah-roh keh
see
Sure / +f ourse
'Cmo)
koh-moh
$hat) Pardon me)
'$nde est( / $nde
est(n... )
dohn-deh eh-stah / dohn-
deh eh-stahn
$here is ... / $here are ... )
A4u / Ah
ah-kee / ah-ee
Here / There
Ha, / Ha-a...
eye / ah-bee-ah
There is / are... / There was /
were...
'Cmo se dice 3333 en
espaol)koh-moh seh dee-seh ___
en eh-spahn-yol
How do you say in
'*u+ es esto)
keh ehs ehs-toh$hat is that)
'*u+ te pasa)
keh teh pah-sah$hat#s the matter (with you)
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S1anish)
o importa.
noh eem-por-tah
%t doesn#t matter.
'*u+ pasa)
keh pah-sah
$hat#s ha11ening)
in novedad.
seen noh-veh-dahd
-othing muh.
o tengo ninguna idea.
noh tehn-goh neen-goo-nah
ee-deh-ah
% have no idea.
Buena idea!
bweh-nah ee-deh-ah
Good idea!
Pase!
pah-seh
Go ahead!
0sto, cansado / enfermo.
eh-stoy kahn-sah-doh / ehn-
fehr-moh
%#m tired / sik.
5engo ham-re / sed.
tehn-goh ahm-breh /
sed
%#m hungry / thirsty.
5engo calor / fro.
tehn-goh kah-lohr / free-oh
%#m hot / old.
0sto, a-urrido.
eh-stoy ah-boo-ree-doh
%#m bored.
o me importa.
noh meh eem-por-tah
% don#t are.
o se preocupe.
noh seh preh-oh-koo-peh
0on#t worry
0st( -ien.
ehs-tah bee-ehn
That#s alright. / %t#s ok.
e olvid+.
meh ohl-vee-deh
% forgot.
5engo 4ue ir ahora.
tehn-goh keh eer ah-oh-rah
% must go now.
'%isto)
lees-toh
3eady)
*ui6(s / $epende.
kee-sahs / deh-pehn-
deh
aybe / %t de1ends.
5odava no.
toh-dah-vee-ah noh
-ot yet.
*u+ chistoso!
keh chees-toh-soh
How funny!
*ue le va,a -ien!
keh leh vah-yah bee-
ehnHave a nie day!
os vemos!
nohs veh-mos
$e#ll see you!
alud!
sah-lood
Bless you!
7elicitaciones!
feh-lee-see-tah-see-oh-
nehs
2ongratulations!
Buena suerte!
bweh-nah swehr-teh
Good luk!
5e toca a ti.teh toh-kah ah tee
%t#s your turn. (informal
Callate!kah-yah-teh
Shut u1!
5e amo.tay ah-moh
% love you. (informal and
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singular
1.Notice that Spanish has informal and formal ways of speaking. This is because there is
more than one meaning to "you" in Spanish (as well as in many other languages.) The
informal you is used when talking to close friends, relatives, animals or children. The formal
you is used when talking to someone you just met, do not know well, or someone for whom
you would like to show respect (a professor, for example.)
2.Encantado, cansado, enfermo,andaburridoare the masculine forms of the words. If the
words refer to a woman or are spoken by a woman, then the finalochanges
toa:encantada, cansada, enferma,andaburrida
3.In Spain, as well as Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela, the
Spanish language is calledcastellanoinstead of espaol.
4.Por favoris often shortened to justporfa.
5.Please keep in mind that because Spanish is spoken in many countries, there are several
regional dialects and accents so pronunciation rules may not apply to all countries.
This tutorial is mostly concerned with the standardized varieties that are spoken in Mexico
and northern/central Spain, but will also include common variants from
other countries and/or regions. (The southern region of Spain, Andaluca, and the Canary
Islands, exhibit features that are closer to Latin American Spanish.)
2. Pronunciation
panish %etter 0nglish ound
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e4 i s as in see (most varieties of S1anish / th as in thief
(northern/entral S1ain
ga4 go4 gue4 gu54 gui g as in go
ll y as in yes (most varieties
lli as in million (northern/entral S1ain
6h as in measure (7rgentina
r similar to a soft d when between 8 vowels9 sometimes
weakened to l
s s as in see but often weakened to h or not 1ronouned when at
end of syllable (most of atin 7meria4 southern S1ain/2anary
%slands
6 s as in see but often weakened to h or not 1ronouned when at
end of syllable (most of atin 7meria4 southern S1ain/2anary
%slands / th as in thief (northern/entral S1ain
1.The five vowels in Spanish are all pure vowels: [a], [e], [i], [o], [u] Be sure that you
donotpronounce a diphthong as we do in English (the extra yuh or wuh sound at the end).
Other consonants not listed are pronounced as in English, i.e. m as in man, y as in yes,
etc.
2.The two major differences in pronunciation between southern Spain/Latin America and
northern/central Spain are calledseseoandyesmo. Seseo refers to the pronunciation of
both s and z as s, while yesmo refers to the pronunciation of ll as y - both are features of
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southern Spain/Canary Islands/Latin America Spanish.
3.One feature of Spanish pronunciation that is often missing from textbooks is the loss of final
-s. When -s is at the end of a syllable, it often weakens to -h or it is not pronounced at all.
This occurs in southern Spain, the Canary Islands, and throughout Latin America, with the
exception of some parts of Mexico and the Andean areas of South America. Final -r can
also weaken to -l or even -y in Cuban Spanish. In fact, many consonants are much weaker
and softer in Spanish than in English, as noted above with d, r, and v.
Stress:Just as in English, Spanish stresses a certain syllable in a word. If a word ends in a
consonant, except s or n, the stress is on the last syllable. If a word ends in a vowel, or s or n, the
stress is on the second-to-last syllable. For words that do no follow these rules, an accent is written
over the vowel so that you will know to stress that syllable, as inel pjaro(bird).
3. Alphabet
a ah 8 hoh-tah r air-ay
- bay 9 kah rr airr-ay
c say l ay-lay s ay-say
ch chay ll ay-yay t tay
d day m ay-may u oo
e ay n ay-nay v bay chee-kah
f ay-fay ayn-yay : bay doh-blay
g hey o oh ; ah-kees
h ah-chay p pay , ee-gree-ay-gah
i ee 4 koo 6 say-tah
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The Spanish language academy no longer considers the ch, ll or rr to be separate letters in
dictionaries, but they are still separate letters in the alphabet. In Spain oo-bay is used for v, but in
Latin America most varieties just use bay and an adjective, such as chica (Mexico and Peru) or
corta (Argentina and Chile). Spain also uses oo-bay doh-blay or doh-blay oo-bay for w.
4. Articles & Demonstratives
as.
Singular
:em.
Singular
as. Plural :em. Plural
the el la the los las
a, an un una some unos unas
this este esta these estos estas
that ese esa those esos esas
that a4uel a4uella those a4uellos a4uellas
Elis also used with feminine nouns beginning with a or ha when the accent is on the first syllable.
Words that end in -o and -or are generally masculine, with a few exceptions:la mano(hand),la
foto(photo). Words that end in -a are generally feminine, with a few exceptions:el mapa(map),el
problema(problem). Other feminine words end in-cin,-tad,-dad, or-tud.
Use theeseforms to meanthatwhen what you are talking about is near the person you are
addressing. Use theaquelforms when what you are talking about is far from both you and the
person you are addressing.Estoandesoare the neuter forms of this and that. They can be usedin general and abstract ways.
Demonstrative adjectives (listed above) are used before a noun; if you want to use the
demonstrative pronouns, which are used before a verb, add an accent on all of the first e's:ste,
sta, stos, stas, se, sa, sos, sas, aqul, aqulla, aqullos, aqullas.
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5. Subject Pronouns
singular plural
first
person
,o yoh % nosotros
nosotras
noh-
soh-
trohs
noh-
soh-
trahs
we
second
person
t