taipei 101

TAIPEI 101

GINTRODUCTION Taipei 101 and formerly known as

the Taipei World Financial Center – is a landmark supertall skyscraper in Xinyi District, Taipei, Republic of China.

The building was officially classified as the world's tallest in 2004, and remained such until the opening of Burj Khalifa in Dubai in 2010.

In 2011, the building was awarded the LEED platinum certification, the highest award according to the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) rating system, and became the tallest and largest green building in the world.

FEATURES• Taipei 101 is 508-meter high,

• 101-story tower

• a five-story deep basement

• 61 elevators

• most floor plan areas vary between 2000 and 2500 square meters (21,500 to 27,000 square feet),

• Building aspect ratio (height/width) to the main roof is about 9 based on its ‘waist’ (and 6.8 counting the wider base).

• Construction began in 1999 and ended this year 2004.

• Architectural style is similar to a pagoda and bamboo.

• Major materials used are glass and steel .

CHALLENGES

• Height • Typhoon• Winds• Frequent strong Earthquakes

• Weak clayey soils

WIND DESIGN

• Skyscrapers must be flexible in strong winds yet remain rigid enough to prevent large sideways movement (lateral drift).

• Flexibility prevents structural damage while resistance ensures comfort for the occupants and protection of glass, curtain walls and other features.

• Thirty-six columns support Taipei 101, including eight "mega-columns" packed with 10,000 psi (69 MPa) concrete.

• Every eight floors, outrigger trusses connect the columns in the building's core to those on the exterior.

SUPERSTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION

The structure is reinforced by a moment frame system linking the column on all floors.

Massive steel outrigger trusses span between the columns on every eight floors.

WELDING OF SUPER-COLUMN

Cross section of super column and reinforcement filled with high strength concrete upto level 62.

FOUNDATION DETAILS

• One of the most stable buildings ever constructed

• Reinforced by 380 piles driven 262 feet into the ground, extending as far as 30 meters (98 ft. ) into the bedrock.

• Each pile is 5 feet in diameter and can withstand a load of 1100-1450 tons, that is 2,900,000 pounds each.

Foundation depth 80 metres.

Reverse circulation pile.

SEISMIC DESIGN

Taipei 101 includes a 728-ton sphere locked in a net of thick steel cables hung way up toward the top of the building.

Tuned mass damper

• A TUNED MASS DAMPER OCCUPIES LEVEL 87 TO 91

• 736 TON SPHERE OF STACKED STEEL PLATES

• SUSPENDED FROM 4 STEEL CABLES

• IT’S A PENDULUM 0.26 OF BUILDINGS TOTAL WEIGHT

PRINCIPLE

As LATERAL FORCE pass up through

the structure, the ball remains all but

stationary; its inertia helps to counteract

the movements of the building around it,

thus “dampening” the LATERAL

FORCE.

TMD CONSTRUCTION

• Tuned mass damper of stacked field-welded steel plates will swing as a

pendulum on steel cables.

Assembly of the Tuned Mass

Damper

Completed Assembly of the

Tuned Mass Damper

STRENGTHS

• Designed to withstand typhoons and

earthquakes.

• Withstands 134 mph winds.

• Withstood a 7.0 Richter scale earthquake,

which only happens in a 2,500 year cycle.

• Withstood a 6.8 earthquake during construction

in which a crane fell off of the tower and killed 5

people.

THANK YOU

PRESENTATION BY - C.DEEPAK

AKARSHAN

CHAUHAN

II – YEAR A