penulisan akademik presentasi
Post on 18-Feb-2018
232 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 1/27
The effect of hydro-alcoholic celery
(Apiumgraveolens) leaf extract on
cardiovascular parameters and lipidprofile in animal model of hypertension
induced by fructose
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 2/27
Abstract•
Objectives: Hypertension is one of the most common diseases of themodern era. This study evaluates the effect of hydro-alcoholic celery
leaf extract onsystolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (H) and lipid
profile in animals! model of hypertension induced by fructose.
• Materials and Methods: Spra"ue #a$ley rats $ere divided into five
"roups% &) control "roup (free access to tap drin'in" $ater), ) "roup
receivin" m"*'" celery leaf extract, +) "roup receivin" fructose
&, and ,) receivin" fructose and &m"*'" or m"*'" of
extract (n/0). 1n all "roups, before and durin" the test period, SBP
and H $ere measured by Po$er lab system. 2ipid profiles $ere
determined by auto analysis. epeated measurement and one $ay
34563 $ere used for data analysis. P7. $as considered
statistically si"nificant.
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 3/27
• esults : The SBP in the fructose "roup si"nificantly increased
compared to control "roup (P7.&). SBP, in "roups receivin"
fructose8&m"*'" extract, fructose and receivin" m"*'"
extract, and receivin" m"*'" of extract, compared to fructose
"roup si"nificantly decreased. Heart rate in any of these "roups
sho$ed no si"nificant difference. 9holesterol, tri"lyceride, 2#2
and 62#2 in the fructose "roup si"nificantly increased: ho$ever,
these effects si"nificantly decreased in the recipient extract "roups.H#2 levels in the fructose "roup sho$ed no difference $hile in the
"roups receivin" the extract they si"nificantly increased.
• !onclusions: 9elery leaf extract reduces SBP, cholesterol,tri"lyceride, 2#2 and 62#2 in animal model of fructose-induced
hypertension. 1n conclusion, celery leaf extract $ith its blood
pressure and lipid lo$erin" effects, can be considered as an
antihypertensive a"ent in chronic treatment of elevated SBP
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 4/27
INTRODUCTION
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 5/27
1t has been reported that increases in dietary fructose inta'e can
cause. hypertension due to hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress in
experimental animals (Tran et al., ;: Sanche<-2o<ada et al.,
=: >n"elhard et al., ?).
1n addition, hi"h dosa"e of fructose inta'e has been documented to
increase insulin resistance and results in hypertension in rodents.
The fructose-fed rats have been considered to parallel syndrome @observed in humans (Aannappan et al., ?).
edical herbs are an important part of the traditional medicine
practiced all over the $orld due to their easy access and lo$ cost
(3yo'a, ) and many of them are used for attenuation or
treatment of hypertension and other cardiovascular disorders. 1t has
been reported that there is si"nificant inverse association of blood
pressure (BP) $ith ve"etarian diet rich in calcium, fibers, potassium,
ma"nesium, and proteinin previous studies (>n"elhard et al., ?).
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 6/27
• 9elery (3pium Craveolense) is a medical herb used as a food and
also in traditional medicine. 9elery contains aromatic substances
in the stem, leaves and roots. The healin" properties of celery are
due to its essential oil and flavonoids (2i et al., &). 3mon" the
copious effects of celery, its antifun"al, antibacterial, antioxidant,
antidiabetic (Aolarovic et al., &: Popovic et al., ?), and
hepatoprotective effects can be mentioned (Shivashri et al., &+).
Durthermore, it can decrease blood cholesterol level in rats $ith
hypercholesterolemia (Tsi et al., &;;).• The celery seed extract has sho$n an antihypertensive property
that appears to be attributable to its active hydrophobic constitutes
effect (Hassanpour, &+).
•Ho$ever, the effect of celery leaves extract on lipid profile andfructose-induced hypertension has not been sho$n yet. Therefore,
the present study is aimed to investi"ate the effect of celery leaf
hydroalcoholic extract on systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart
rate (H) and the lipid profile of this model of hypertension.
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 7/27
Material and Methods
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 8/27
Plant Material
• Creen and fresh celery $as purchased from lo'al
mar'et.
• The freshly collected leaves $ere cleaned from dirt
and dried under shade. SubseEuently, they $erecoarsely po$dered manually (in a mechanical mixer)
and mixed $ith = ethanol for = hrs at room
temperature and stirred daily. The mixture $as then
filtered throu"h Fhatman filter paper 4o.&,
concentrated and dried at room temperature. The
obtained po$der (+) $as stored at G9 for the
next administration (Shah et al. ;).
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 9/27
Animal
• 3dult male Spra"ue #a$ley rats $ei"hted &-
" $ere used for the study. The animals
$ere 'ept under &-hour li"ht and dar' cycle and
received tap $ater and commercial cho$ adlibitum. The rats $ere acclimated to the
procedure of blood pressure measurement for one
$ee'. Dollo$in" the trainin" period, the control
rats continued the diet of tap $ater and the cho$,
$hile the other "roups under$ent some chan"es
in their diet after "roupin".
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 10/27
Experimental Design
The rats $ere divided
into five "roups (0in each "roup) and
treated for seven$ee's.
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 11/27
Five Groups of Rats for thisStudy
Control group (C): Theanimals received tap
water.
Fructose group (F): Theanimals received fructose!" in the drin#ing water(seven wee#s) and ml of
normal saline orally dailyfrom wee#
$%tract group (C$): Theanimals received tap waterand celery e%tract (&!!
mg'g'day gavage)
Fructose*e%tract groups (F$!!) : The animals
received fructose !" in
drin#ing water for +wee#s and from wee# !ml of two doses of
celery e%tract (!!mg'g'day gavage)
Fructose*e%tract groups (F$&!!) : The animals
received fructose !" indrin#ing water for +
wee#s and from wee# !ml of two doses of
celery e%tract (&!!
Five group of rats
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 12/27
"ystolic #lood $ressure ("#$)% &eart ate
(&) and 'ipid $rofile Measurements
• S , - a n d R w e r e m e a s u r e d i n c o n s c i o u s r a t s p l a c e d i n r e s t r a i n e r u s i n g t a i l * c u / m e t h o d
& • T h e S , - a n d R w e r e d e t e r m i n e d a t t h e e n d o f e v e r y w e e # . 0 t t h e e n d o f w e e # + t h e a n i m a l s w e r e f a s t e d o v e r n i g h t a n d t h e n 1 l o o d s a m p l e c o l l e c t e d d i r e c t l y f r o m t h e h e a r t o f t h e a n e s t h e t i 2 e d r a t s
3 • 4 i p i d p r o 5 l e i n c l u d i n g p l a s m a c o n c e n t r a t i o n o f t r i g l y c e r i d e t o t a l
c h o l e s t e r o l h i g h d e n s i t y l i p o p r o t e i n c h o l e s t e r o l ( 6 4 ) w a s m e a s u r e d 1 y a u t o a n a l y 2 e r . T h e v a l u e s w e r e e % p r e s s e d i n m g ' d l . 7 4 6 4 c o n c e n t r a t i o n w a s c a l c u l a t e d u s i n g t h e f o l l o w i n g f o r m u l a 7 4 6 4 8 T G ' 9 . 4 o w d e n s i t y l i p o p r o t e i n c h o l e s t e r o l ( 4 6 4 ) c o n c e n t r a t i o n w a s c a l c u l a t e d u s i n g t h e f o l l o w i n g f o r m u l a 4 6 4 8 T o t a l c h o l e s t e r o l : ( 6 4 ; 7 4 6 4 )
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 13/27
Statistical Analysis
• 3ll values $ere expressed as mean S>.
The statistical si"nificances in mean values of
lipid profile bet$een animal "roups $ere
evaluated by one-$ay 34563, follo$ed
by 2S# test. #ifferences in mean values of
blood pressure and heart rate $ere
assessed accordin" to repeated measurementof one-$ay 34563 follo$ed by 2S# test.
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 14/27
Reslts
ffect of !elery xtract and ructose eeding on"ystolic #lood $ressure
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 15/27
E!ects o" #rctose #eeding and CeleryExtract On $eart Rate
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 16/27
E!ects o" #rctose #eeding and Celery Extract On &ipid Pro'le
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 17/27
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 18/27
Celery lea" extract and cardio(asclarparameters
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 19/27
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 20/27
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 21/27
Discssion
Deedin" healthy rats a fructose diet results in insulin
resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and hypertension
insulin promotes renal sodium absorption in a variety of
species. Hyperinsulinemia can stimulate many hypertensino"enic
mechanisms, such as activation of the sympathetic nervous
system, increase in renal sodium and $ater reabsorption,
proliferation of vascular smooth muscle tissue, and increases
in reactive oxy"en species and dysre"ulation of ener"y
homeostasis and lipid*carbohydrate metabolism
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 22/27
Hi"h fructose consumption leads to fructose-inducedlipo"enesis, insulin resistance, metabolic dyslipidemia and
increased the 2#2, 62#2 and TC levels of plasma
9hronic treatment of rats $ith a diet hi"h in fructose causes
oxidative stress There is stron" relationship bet$een oxidative stress and
hypertension
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 23/27
reduction of oxidative stress by pharmacolo"ical
doses of some antioxidant a"ents lo$ers blood
pressure in animals $ith hypertension, yet it has no
effect on blood pressure in normal animals
The flavonoid api"enin, one of the components of
celery leaves, $as sho$n to express stron"
antioxidant effects by increasin" the activities of
antioxidant en<ymes and thereby decreasin" theoxidative dama"e to tissues
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 24/27
CONC&USION
Hi"h fructose consumption causes the fructose-
induced lipo"enesis, insulin resistance and
metabolic dyslipidemia
9hronic treatment of rats $ith hi"h-fructose
diet causes oxidative stress
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 25/27
CONC&USION )*+
reduction of oxidative stress by
pharmacolo"ic doses of multiple a"ents
antioxidants lo$er blood pressure inanimals $ith hypertension, but has no
effect on blood pressure in normal
animals
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 26/27
CONC&USION ),+
• api"enin flavonoid %
&. express a stron" antioxidant effect by
increasin" the activity of antioxidant en<ymes
. a decrease in the intensity of lipid peroxidation
and reduced "lutathione enhancement
7/23/2019 Penulisan Akademik Presentasi
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/penulisan-akademik-presentasi 27/27
CONC&USION )-+
9elery leaf extract $ith blood pressure
and lipid-lo$erin" effects, may be
considered as an antihypertensive a"entin the treatment of chronic increased SBP
in mice.
top related