nanotechnology presentation
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NANOTECHNOLOGY
P R E S E N T E D B Y
FARES M.ALMAKRAHY
M A S T E R S T U D E N T
F A C U L T Y O F A G R I C U L T U R E
A L E X A N D R I A U N I V E R S I T Y
S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 3
S U P E R V I S E R
PROF. SALAH A. SOLIMAN
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Definition
Nanotechnology (nanotech)
Is the study of the properties of molecules and compounds that do not exceed their standards of 100 nm.
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http://www.nano.gov
Is the science that deals with the treatment material on the atomic and molecular scale.
Nanotechnology interested inventing new technologies and means of its dimensions are measured by the Nanometer
Definition
http://www.nano.gov 4
Nanometer:
0.001Mm.
It is part of a millionth of a millimeter.
It is part of a billionth of a meter.
http://www.nano.gov 5
Is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale.
Nano science and nanotechnology one of the areas of materials science
http://www.nano.gov 6
http://crnano.org/whatis.htm
Nano scale: Includes dimensions of nanometers in length and one up to the 100-nm.
Nano science: is the study of the properties of molecules and compounds that do not exceed their standards of 100 nm.
Nanotechnology: is the application of these sciences and engineered to produce useful inventions.
http://www.nano.gov 7
Some things nanometer scale
Object Size (nm)
Carbon nano tube 2
Width of DNA 2.5
Virus 100
Width of Human Hair 75,000
Head of a pin 2 million
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http://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/cb/ppdc/2010/april2010/session1-nanotec.pdf
Nanotechnology applications
The ten most important applications of nanotechnology need human.
1 - Energy storage, production and transfer.
2 - To improve Agricultural production.
3 - Treatment of drinking water.
4 - Diagnosis.
5 - Delivery of medicines.
The Jonet Centre for Research Ethics at the University of Toronto and published the journal PLoS Medicine
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Nanotechnology applications
6 - Food processing and storage.
7 - Addressing air pollution.
8 - Construction.
9 - Health surveillance.
10 - Resistance to pests and insects.
The Jonet Centre for Research Ethics at the University of Toronto and published the journal PLoS Medicine
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Applications of Carbon Nanotubes
Water and Oil Purifiers
Structural Support
Improves Efficiency
Super capacitors
Cell Therapy
Bone Scaffolding
Synthetic Muscles
Biosensors a.k.a. ‘Nano-noses’
http://www.technewsdaily.com/16158-10-uses-for-carbon-nanotubes.html 20
Nano materials are applied in almost all fields. Examples include:
Conductors and semi-conductors
Medical devices
Sensors
Coatings
Pesticides
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Nanotechnology applications
http://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/cb/ppdc/2010/april2010/session1-nanotec.pdf
Nanotechnology and Pesticides
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How is the preparation of Nanopesticides :
Gold
Silver
Copper
Until they reach the size of nanoparticles
When you get to the size of nano-particles there is a change in the physical and chemical properties of materials
Acquire new properties of materials in the case of nanotechnology
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Advantages of Nanopesticides
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Limited amount of pesticides used in control pest.
Limited use of active substances in the processing of pesticides.
Low cost.
High efficiency in control pest.
EPA Report
Nanomaterials behave differently
Size can influence toxicity
Gold has very different toxicities when nanosized
Nano copper is more acutely toxic than micro copper
Shape may also influence exposure and toxicity
We still have a lot to learn
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http://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/cb/ppdc/2010/april2010/session1-nanotec.pdf
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The United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA)
Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP)
Is a regulatory office that is responsible for pesticides
registration for distribution and sale in the U.S
Why is OPP Concerned?
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Potential Human Health Concerns:
Dermal absorption (so small they may pass through cell membranes)
Inhalation (go to the deep lung and may translocateto the brain i.e, could cross the blood brain barrier)
http://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/cb/ppdc/2010/april2010/session1-nanotec.pdf
Why is OPP Concerned?
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Potential Environmental Concerns:
High durability or reactivity of some nanomaterials raises issues on the fate in environment
Lack of information to assess environmental exposure to engineered Nanomaterials
http://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/cb/ppdc/2010/april2010/session1-nanotec.pdf
Many of the research and scientific journals did not mention the clear evidence about the danger of nano-particles on human and environmental, but there are many research-based risk assessment of nanoparticles
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Nanopesticides registered
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Nanosilver in 2010
Registered in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Public health pesticide
http://www.epa.gov/pesticides
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