cultura final

7/23/2019 Cultura Final

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FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA

ESCUELA ACADEMICO PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA INDUSTRIAL

PROYECTO DE TESIS

“UBICACION DE LAS ANTENAS DE TRANSMISION ELECTRO MAGNETICA EN

EL DISTRITO DE NUEVO CHIMBOTE EN EL PRIMER TRIMESTRE DEL AÑO

2015”

AUTORES:

ACUÑA LIZARRAGA ROBIN

CASTILLO ACEVEDO DEIVY

MONCADA MEZA JUNIOR

MINAYA PUELLES SAMIR

SILVA MARQUEZ PEDRO

VALDERA YSLA JUAN CARLOS

ASESORA:

CACHAY MONTOYA MARITZA

LINEA DE INVESTIGACIÓN

SOCIEDAD Y POLITICA AMBIENTAL

CHIMBOTE – PERU

“AÑO DE LA DIVERSIFICACION PRODUCTIVA Y DEL FORTALECIMIENTO DE LA

EDUCACION”

INDICE

I INTRODUCCION...............................................................................................3

11 REALIDAD PROBLEM!TICA......................................................................3

12 PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA..........................................................61" OB#ETIVOS.................................................................................................6

1"1 O$%&'()* G&+&,-.:...............................................................................6

1"2 O$%&'()*/ E/&3*/:.......................................................................6

14 #USTIFICACION:.........................................................................................

15 ANTECEDENTES.........................................................................................

1 MARCO TEORICO.....................................................................................1!

11 RADIACIÓN........................................................................................1!

12 ANTENAS DE TRANSMISIÓN ELECTROMAGN6TICA:....................11

1" ESTACIÓN BASE................................................................................1"

17 MARCO LEGAL:........................................................................................1#

18 IMPACTO AMBIENTAL DE LAS ANTENAS DE RADIACIONELECTROMAGNETICAS EN LOS CASCOS HURBANOS DE NUEVO CHIMBOTE

1$A I9-'* A9$(&+'-.....................................................................................1$

B METODOLOGIAS DE EVALUACION DEL IMPACTO AMBIENTAL..............1%

C TIPO DE CONTAMINACION NO TRADICIONAL ;R-<(-(=+E.&',*9->+?'(-@...........................................................................................&!

D CLASIFICACION DEL IMPACTO AMBIENTAL............................................&!

E VARIABLES AMBIENTALES E IMPACTOS RELEVANTES..........................&1

E+ &. AIRE:..................................................................................................&1

E+ &. SUELO................................................................................................&1 E+ &. PAISA#E..............................................................................................&1

E+ .- SALUD................................................................................................&&

E+ .- ECONOMIA.........................................................................................&&

II MATERIAL Y M6TODOS.................................................................................&3

21 TIPO DE INVESTIGACION.......................................................................&3

22 DISEÑO DE ESTUDIO..............................................................................&3

2" METODO...................................................................................................&3

24 POBLACION Y MUESTRA........................................................................&3

25 TECNICAS DE RECOLECCION DE DATOS..............................................&3

III RESULTADOS...............................................................................................&"

I INTRODUCCION

11REALIDAD PROBLEM!TICA

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P,('-, 2- '*>. ;RPP NOTICIAS 201"@

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12PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA

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1"OB#ETIVOS

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112 O$%&'()*/ E/&3*/:

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14#USTIFICACION:

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15ANTECEDENTES

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1MARCO TEORICO

111RADIACIÓN

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Fuente: imagen extraída de Wikipedia

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112ANTENAS DE TRANSMISIÓN ELECTROMAGN6TICA:

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18IMPACTO AMBIENTAL DE LAS ANTENAS DE RADIACION

ELECTROMAGNETICAS EN LOS CASCOS HURBANOS DE NUEVO

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'+7 9*8,- 2(8(/8 > / 9-/;'-/ @+- / '+> 2(9:()- 2-

+*/8(<*,. C;' <*, 5-8(0*'-/8- -) ('4*8 @+- +/* 4,-* 8(-/-

5,- )* *0- 5,- -) 4*(*- O C;' /,-8*, -/ /'-, -)

('4*8 2- +/* *,,-8-,* @+- 4** 4, +/ '/+'-/8 7(8;,( 4, +/

-(8-'* 2- -4-(*) (/8-,? P*,* 7*-, -8 -8+2( 7*> 0*,(

'?82 > - +*/ +/ + 8, -=/ )* *8(0(2*2 2- @+- - 8,*8- -)

,=*/(' @+- )* 7*=* -) @+- )* -(*.

C' --'4) 2- +/ 2- ) '?82 @+- - -'4)-*/ -/ -8 8,*5*

*/*)(*' )* ))*'*2* W'*8,( 2- L-4)2W @+- 9+- -) 4,('-, '?82

+8()(*2 4*,* 7*-, -8 -8+2( -/ 1%1 4, -) S-,0(( G-);=(

2- ) E8*2 U/(2.

E8- (8-'* +8()(* +/ +*2, 2- 25)- -/8,*2* '*8,(. E/ )*

)+'/* 4/- )* *(/- 7+'*/* @+- 4+-2-/ *)8-,*, -) (8-'* >

-/ )* <)* )* *,*8-,:8(* 2-) '-2( @+- 4+-2-/ -, *)8-,*2*. E/ -)

,(=(/*) 7*> 1!! *(/- > $$ 9*8,- *'5(-/8*)- *+/@+- / 82 -

+8()(*/ -/ 82 ) *.

C TIPO DE CONTAMINACION NO TRADICIONAL ;R-<(-(=+

E.&',*9->+?'(-@

L* ,*2(*(;/ -)-8,'*=/?8(* - +/ 8(4 2- *'4 -)-8,'*=/?8(

0*,(*5)- - 2-(, +/* '5(/*(;/ 2- *'4 -)?8,( > '*=/?8(

()*/8- @+- - 4,4*=*/ * 8,*0? 2-) -4*( 8,*/4,8*/2 -/-,=:*

2- +/ )+=*, * 8,.1 D- 7-7 )* ,*2(*(;/ -)-8,'*=/?8(* -8

9,'*2* :/8-=,*'-/8- 4, /2* -)-8,'*=/?8(*. L* ,*2(*(;/

-)-8,'*=/?8(* 4+-2- '*/(9-8*,- 2- 2(0-,* '*/-,* ' *),

,*2(*2 )+ 0((5)- ,*> ,*> =*''*. A 2(9-,-/(* 2- 8, 8(4

2- /2* ' -) /(2 @+- /--(8*/ +/ '-2( '*8-,(*) 4*,*

4,4*=*,- )* ,*2(*(;/ -)-8,'*=/?8(* - 4+-2- 4,4*=*, -/ -)

0*:. E/ -) (=) I - 4-/*5* @+- -(8:* +/* +8*/(* (/2-8-8*5)-

))*'*2* ?8-, @+- +4*5* -) 0*: > -,0:* 2- '-2( 2- 4,4*=*(;/ 2-

)* /2* -)-8,'*=/?8(*. E) -8+2( 8-;,( 2- )* ,*2(*(;/

-)-8,'*=/?8(* - 2-/'(/* -)-8,2(/'(* > - +/ +5 *'4 2-)

-)-8,'*=/-8('.

D CLASIFICACION DEL IMPACTO AMBIENTAL

L ('4*8 *'5(-/8*)- 4+-2-/ -, )*(<*2 4, + -9-8 -/ -)

8(-'4 -/ " =,+4 4,(/(4*)-

I9-'* -9$(&+'-. I,,&)&,/($.&: E *@+-) ('4*8 +>*

8,*-/2-/(* -/ -) '-2( - 2- 8*) '*=/(8+2 @+- - ('4(5)-

,-0-,8(,) * + ):/-* 2- 5*- ,(=(/*). E-'4) M(/-,*)- * 8*

*5(-,8.

I9-'* -9$(&+'-. T&9*,-.: E *@+-) ('4*8 +>* '*=/(8+2

/ =-/-,* '*>,- /-+-/(* > 4-,'(8- *) '-2( ,-+4-,*,-

-/ -) ,8 4)* 7*(* + ):/-* 2- 5*- ,(=(/*).

I9-'* -9$(&+'-. R&)&,/($.&: E) '-2( 4+-2- ,-+4-,*,- *

8,*0? 2-) 8(-'4 >* -* * ,8 '-2(*/ )*,= 4)* /

/--*,(*'-/8- ,-8*+,/2- * )* ):/-* 2- 5*- ,(=(/*).

I9-'* -9$(&+'-. P&,/(/'&+'&: L* *(/- +-

4,*8(*2 *) '-2( *'5(-/8- / 2- (/+-/(* * )*,= 4)* >

-8-/(5)- * 8,*0? 2-) 8(-'4. E-'4) D-,,*'- -'*/*(/-

2- (-,8 @+:'( 4-)(=, 5,- *)=/ 5(84.

E VARIABLES AMBIENTALES E IMPACTOS RELEVANTES

E+ &. AIRE:E) /+/8 2- =*- @+- )* 9,'*/ )* 8(-,,* - /- ' *(,-

4*,8:+)* > '4+-8 @+:'( / -'(8(2 4, -) 7'5,- '

/-+-/(* 2- )* ,-*)(*(;/ 2- *8(0(2*2- 4,2+8(0* 4, -) +

2- 2-8-,'(/*2 '-2( 2- 8,*/4,8- > 4, )* /8*'(/*(;/. E/ )*

*8+*)(2*2 8*'5(?/ - 8'* -/ +-/8* )* /8*'(/*(;/ 4, ,*2(*(;/

)* +*) - '+7 ' 4,-+((* 4*,* )* *)+2 2- ) 45)*2,-

2/2- -8/ (8+*2* 2(7* */8-/* > @+- 5,- 82 @+- / -

4-,(5(, / )* 0(8*.L ('4*8 @+- 4+-2-/ +,,(, 4, )* ,*2(*(;/ -)-8,'*=/?8(* D-8-,(, -/ -) -(8-'* -/ )* 0-=-8*(;/ */('*)- *0- >

8, S- 5-,0*,:* )* *4*,((;/ 2- -/9-,'-2*2- 8+',- /-,

2-9,'*(/- -/ ) 5-5- > 8,. A+'-/8 -/ )* 8-'4-,*8+,* 2-) *'5(-/8- *(,-.

E+ &. SUELOE) +-) - --/(*) 4*,* )* 0(2* ' ) - -) *(,- > -) *=+* > +*/2

- +8()(*2 2- '*/-,* 4,+2-/8- 4+-2- -, /(2-,*2 ' +/

,-+, ,-/0*5)-. E +/ -)-'-/8 2- -/)*- -/8,- ) 9*8,- 5(;8(

> *5(;8( > - )- /(2-,* +/ 75(8*8 4*,* -) 2-*,,)) 2-)* 4)*/8*.L ('4*8 @+- +,,-/ -/ -) +-) 4, )* ,*2(*(;/

-)-8,'*=/?8(* /

A)8-,*(;/ 2- )* 5-))-* -?/(* A)8-,*(/- -/ -) 2-*,,)) )* 4)*/8*

E+ &. PAISA#EL* *)8-,*(;/ 0(+*) 2- )* ('*=-/ > </':* 2-) -/8,/ +,5*/ -

*+*2* 4, ,*2(*(;/ -)-8,'*=/?8(* -) '*/- (/*2-+*/2 2- )4*,'-8, 4*,* + +5(*(;/ ) @+- 4,0* @+- ?8 8-,'(/-/

*9-8*/2 -) -/8,/.L ('4*8 -/ -) 4*(*- 2-5(2 * )* ,*2(*(;/ -)-8,'*=/?8(* / D-8-,(, 2- )* 5-))-* 2- ) *,2(/- O*(/*,:* @+- )* -4-,*/* 2- 0(2* 2- )* *0- -* '-/, P,5)-'* -);=( *)8-,*(/- -/ )* 8-'4-,*8+,* 2-) *(,-

E+ .- SALUDL *'4 -)-8,'*=/?8( 4-/-8,*/ ) 8-(2 -4+-8 *

4,9+/2(2*2- @+- 2-4-/2-/ 2- )* 9,-+-/(* 7*8* +/ -/8:'-8, -/

-) * 2- )* 9,-+-/(* +8()(*2* 4, ) 8-)?9/ ';0()-. L*

-/-,=:* RF - *5,5(2* -/ -) +-,4 > 4,2+- *)-/8*'(-/8 4-, -)

4,- 7'-88( 8-,' ,-=+)*8,( /,'*) 2((4* -8- *),.

T2 ) -9-8 -8*5)-(2 2-5(2 * )* -4((;/ * )* RF -8/

,-)*(/*2 / -) *)-/8*'(-/8.

L ('4*8 @+- +,,-/ -/ -) +-) 4, )* ,*2(*(;/

-)-8,'*=/?8(* / /-, 2- '*'* 9-'-/(/ > '*+)(/ *5,8 -4/8/- +((2( E)-,( )*8-,*) *'(8,<* -/9-,'-2*2 2- L+ G-7,(/= >

-/9-,'-2*2- *,2(0*+)*,- (/)+>-/2 (/9*,8 2-) '(*,2(.

E+ .- ECONOMIAL* 2-=,*2*(;/ *'5(-/8*) / - -) /( 9*8, @+- *9-8* )*

/2((/- 9+8+,* (/ 8*'5(?/ ) 2-*,,)) 8?/( > ) *'5(

@+- - ,-=(8,*/ -/ )* 7*5()(2*2- 7+'*/*L* ,*2(*(;/ -)-8,'*=/?8(* 4+-2- 8,*-, /(= =,*/2- ('4*8

' - D-4,-(*(;/ 2- )* 0(0(-/2* 2-/8, 2- 1! &!. R-2+(;/ 2- )* -/':*.

II MATERIAL Y M6TODOS

21 TIPO DE INVESTIGACION

I+)&/'(>-(=+ N* E&,(9&+'-.L* @+- - ,-*)(* (/ '*/(4+)*, 2-)(5-,*2*'-/8- 0*,(*5)-. E 2-(, - 8,*8*

2- (/0-8(=*(;/ 2/2- / 7*-' 0*,(*, (/8-/(/*2*'-/8- )* 0*,(*5)-

(/2-4-/2(-/8-.L @+- 7*-' -/ /+-8,* (/0-8(=*(;/ / -4-,('-/8*) - 5-,0*,

9-/;'-/ 8*) > ' - 2*/ -/ + /8-8 /*8+,*) 4*,* 2-4+?

*/*)(*,) -/ '4*,*(;/ * )* /,'*8(0* > ,2-/*/* '+/((4*)- 2-)

2(8,(8 2- /+-0 C7('58-.

22 DISEÑO DE ESTUDIOD&/,('()* S(9.&I/0-8(=*(/- 2-,(48(0* ('4)- ,-)-8*/ (/9,'*(;/ -/ 0*,(*

'+-8,* 5,- +/ '(' 9-/;'-/ 4*,* '4,*, ) 2*8 ,-=(2.E/ -8* (/0-8(=*(;/ ) (/0-8(=*2,- 5+*,-' > ,-=-,-'

(/9,'*(;/ 2-) '+/((4( * 8,*0? 2- )* 5-,0*(;/ > 2- 2(9-,-/8-

9+-/8- 5(5)(=,<* -/ 9,'* 2(,-8* > *) </*) '4*,*,-' ) 2*8

58-/(2.

2" METODO

M?'*<* O$/&,)-(*+-.

I'4)(* *)=/ 8(4 2- (/9,'*(;/ =-/-,*)'-/8- - 7*5)* 2- '?82 2-0-,(<*(;/ 5-,0*(/*) +*/2 - (/8-/8* 0-,(<*, ,-*5*, 2*8 2- )*

,-*)(2*2 (/ (/8,2+(, /(/=/ 8(4 2- *,8(<( (/ --,-, +/ /8,) 5,- )*

0*,(*5)- (/2-4-/2(-/8-. Y -/ /+-8,* (/0-8(=*(;/ / 7*,-' /(/=+/* '*/(4+)*(;/ 2- /+-8,*

0*,(*5)- ) 0-,(<*,-' ( )* +5(*(;/ 2- )* */8-/* 2- ,*2(*(;/

-)-8,'*=/?8(* -/ /+-0 C7('58- - )* ,,-8* > ( -8* ,-4-8*/ )*

/,'*8(0* 4-,+*/*.

24 POBLACION Y MUESTRA

P*,* /+-8,* (/0-8(=*(;/ 8'*,-' /+-8,* '+-8,* *) 88*) 2- )*

45)*(;/ 4+-8 @+- -8* )8('* - 2- +/ 0*), ':/(' (-/2 ) -) 88*)

2- &! */8-/* -=/ +*2, N.

25 TECNICAS DE RECOLECCION DE DATOS

O58-/2,-' ) 2*8 * 8,*0? 2- )* 8?/(* 2- M?'*<* O$/&,)-(*+-. > CHEC\ LIST.

III RESULTADOS

S-=/ ) 2*8 58-/(2 2- )* 4,-=+/8* 2-) 7-] )(8

(r)*co +,01: "regunta +, 01

F&+'&: E.-$*,-(=+ ,*(-

(r)*co +,02: "regunta +02

F&+'&: E.-$*,-(=+ P,*(-

(r)*co +,03: "regunta +,03

F&+'&: E.-$*,-(=+ ,*(-

(r)*co +,0!: "regunta +,0!

F&+'&: E.-$*,-(=+ ,*(-

(r)*co +,0#: "regunta +,0#

F&+'&: E.-$*,-(=+ ,*(-

IV DISCUSIÓN

S-=/ -) =,*< N !1 )* */8-/* @+- - -/+-/8,-/ +5(*2* * +/* 2(8*/(* 2-7*8* #!! '-8, )- 2- )-=( 74(8*)- -8. - 2-) # (-/2 +/**/8(2*2 2- 16 */8-/* '(-/8,* @+- -) "31& 2- )* */8-/* / 5-2--/ -8*/,'*8(0*

A/*)(*/2 -) =,*< N !& )* +5(*(;/ 2- */8-/* * */8-/* - -/+-/8,*/+5(*2* * +/* 2(8*/(* ':/('* 2- 3!! '-8, - 2-) 6$ (-/2 +/* */8(2*22- 1% */8-/* '(-/8,* @+- -) 3&% 2- )* */8-/* / 5-2--/ -8* /,'*8(0*

S-=/ -) =,*< N !3 )* */8-/* @+- - -/+-/8,* -/ *0-/(2* > /*'-,(*) / 2- +/ 36 (-/2 +/ 88*) 2- 1! */8-/* '(-/8,* @+- -) 6"1$2- )* ,-8*/8- / 5-2--/ * -8* /,'*8(0*.

S-=/ -) =,*< N !" )* */8-/* @+- - -/+-/8,*/ +5(*2* * +/* 2(8*/(*':/('* 2- 1#! '-8, 2- /* ,-(2-/(*)- - 2-) 36 (-/2 +/* */8(2*2 2-1! */8-/* '(-/8,* @+- -) 6" 1$2- )* */8-/* / 5-2--/ -8* /,'*8(0*.

S-=/ -) =,*< N !# )* */8-/* @+- - -/+-/8,*/ +5(*2* * +/* *)8+,* 2- #4( * ' / 2-) 6" (-/2 +/* */8(2*2 2- 1% */8-/* '(-/8,* @+- -) 3&% 2- )* */8-/* / 5-2--/ -8* /,'*8(0*.

D- *+-,2 * 82 ) 2*8 58-/(2 )* '*>,:* 2- */8-/* +5(*2* -/ -)

2(8,(8 2- /+-0 C7('58- / +'4)-/ / 82* )* /,'*8(0* -8*5)-(2 2-

)* '+/((4*)(2*2[ ( 5(-/ - (-,8 -(8-/ -'4,-* @+- +'4)- / 2 8,-

/,'* 2- )* ,2-/*/* '+/((4*) (-/2 -/ + '*>,:* )* 2-) A,8:+) # 2- )*

OM N 1"&!13MDNCH (/ -'5*,= / -(8- /(/=+/* -'4,-* @+- +'4)*/ )*

/,'* -/ + 88*)(2*2.

V CONCLUSIÓN

• S- 2-8-,'(/; @+- -/ -) D(8,(8 2- N+-0 C7('58- -(8- +/ 88*) 2- &$A/8-/* 2- T,*/'((;/ E)-8,'*=/?8(* > +5(*2* -/ +,5*/(*(/- >*0-/(2* -=/ -) */- N^

• L 4*,'-8, @+- 8'* )* O,2-/*/* M+/((4*) 2-) A,8:+) # 2- )* OMN 1"&!13MDNCH / D-5- -//8,*,- -/ *0-/(2* > /8*, / /(<*(;/ '-,(*) -=/

) -8*5)-(2 -/ )* /,'* ,,-4/2(-/8-. S- -/+-/8,- +5(*2 -/ +/* '*/*/* 2/2- - 2-*,,))- /(*'-/8-

*8(0(2*2 '-,(*).

Q+- ) -2(<( 2/2- - (/8*)-/ 8-/=*/ 4, ) '-/ # 4( 2-

*)8+,*. D-5-,/ -//8,*,- +5(*2* * +/* 2(8*/(* / '-/, 2- 1#! '-8,

2- /* ,-(2-/(*)-. A2((/*)'-/8- * ) -4+-8 )* (/9,*-8,+8+,* 2-5- -//8,*,- * +/*

2(8*/(* ':/('* 2- 3!! '-8, 2- 8,* ('()*,. L* A/8-/* 2- T,*/'((;/ E)-8,'*=/?8(* 2-5-/ (/8*)*,- * +/*

2(8*/(* 2- 7*8* #!! '-8, 2- )-=( 74(8*)- -/8,

=-,(8,(.

• P2-' /)+(, @+- )* U5(*(/- *8+*)- 2- )* A/8-/* 2-/8, 2-)

D(8,(8 2- N+-0 C7('58- NO CUMPLEN / )* N,'* 2- (/8*)*(;/

-=/ )* O,2-/*/* M+/((4*) N 1"&!13MDNCH. L* /2* 8(-/-/ +/

,*2( 2- (/+-/(* -)-8,'*=/?8(* 2- 7*8* ' 2- #!! '-8,[ -8*

/2* / - 0-/ / - 7+-)-/ / (/0((5)- > - 2-4)** 4, -) -4*( (/

/--(2*2 2- *5)-. S-=/ -) D.S. N !3$&!!3MTC. S- *4,5; '

):'(8- '(' 4*,* ,*2(*(/- / (/(*/8- 2- 8-)-'+/(*(/-

7*8* #!! '-8,. A2-' )* O,=*/(*(;/ M+/2(*) 2- )* S*)+2 OMS

+=(-,- @+- L* */8-/* 2- 8-)-9/:* ';0() K -)+)*,- K 2-5-/ (/8*)*,- *

+/* 2(8*/(* 2- 7*8* #!! '-8, 2- ) )-=( 74(8*)- -8. E8+2(

(-/8:< +=(-,-/ @+- /( > */(*/ 4+-2-/ -, ) ' *9-8*2 4,

+/* -4((;/ /8(/+*2*. E8* 2(,-8,(- / - +'4)-/.O8, 4,5)-'* - @+- NO CUMPLEN / )* *)8+,* *2-+*2*[ + (/8*)*(;/

2- )* A/8-/* '(-/* 2-2- -) P,('-, 4( > / - '*>, * &! '-8, 2-

*)8+,*[ (/+,,(-/2 -/ +/* 9*)8* =,*0- -=/ )* O,2-/*/* M+/((4*) N 1"

&!13MDNCH.

S*5(-/2 -8 42-' 2-(, @+- )* 9*)8* 2- /('(-/8 2- )* 45)*(;/7*- @+- /8, '(' (/+,,*' -/ 9*)8* =,*0- 4, )* 4,('(2*2

@+- / +5(*' 4*,* 0(0(, *-,/2/ * A/8-/* @+- -8/ *)-*2*

2-) D(8,(8 ' - -) * 2- /* 2- !3 2- O8+5,- P-4*[ 2/2- )*

(/0*(/- 7* /))-0*2 * @+- ) ',*2,- +5(@+-/ + ** * )

8*2 2- )* */8-/* *) ,--, )* 45)*(;/ - /--*,( @+- -

/8,+>* )-=( > 4, -/2- )* 4,('(2*2 2- -)).

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