04a origen metazoa-coanoflagelados
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Figure .. SEM of a choanoflagellate and collar chambers of two types of sponges. (A) A solitary stage of the choanoflagellateSalpingoecasp. (courtesy of Drs M.J. Dayel and N. King, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.) (B) The demospongeCallyspongia diffusa(courtesy of Dr I.S. Johnston, Bethel College, MI, USA; see Johnston and Hildemann ). (C) The calcar-ean Syconsp. (Friday Harbor Laboratories, WA, USA, July .)
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VertebrataUrochordataCephalochordataPterobranchiaEnteropneustaEchinodermata
BrachiopodaPhoronida
Chaetognatha
LoriciferaKinorhynchaPriapulaNematomorphaNematodaTardigradaOnychophoraArthropoda
BryozoaCycliophoraEntoproctaRotiferaMicrognathozoaGnathostomulidaGastrotrichaPlatyhelminthesNemertiniMolluscaSipunculaAnnelidaXenoturbellidaNemertodermatidaAcoelaCtenophoraCnidariaPlacozoaHomoscleromorphaCalcareaSiliceaChoanoflagellata
AB
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
KK
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
SU
V
X Y
AnimaliaEuradiculataProepitheliozoa
EumetazoaNeuraliaTriploblasticaBilateriaAcoelomorphaEubilateriaProtostomiaSpiraliaSchizocoelia
GnathiferaPolyzoaBrachiozoaEcdysozoaPanarthropodaCycloneuraliaNematoideaScalidophoraDeuterostomiaAmbulacraria
HemichordataChordata
Z
A -
B -C -D -E -F -G -H-I -K -L -
M -N -O -P -Q -R -S -T -U -
V -X -Y -Z -
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The animal hylo eny ro osedin this book; the methodis described in the text.Named su ra h.
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Vertebrata
UrochordataCephalochordataPterobranchiaEnteropneustaEchinodermata
BrachiopodaPhoronida
Chaetognatha
LoriciferaKinorhynchaPriapulaNematomorphaNematodaTardigradaOnychophoraArthropoda
BryozoaCycliophoraEntoproctaRotiferaMicrognathozoaGnathostomulidaGastrotrichaPlatyhelminthesNemertiniMolluscaSipunculaAnnelidaXenoturbellidaNemertodermatidaAcoelaCtenophoraCnidariaPlacozoaHomoscleromorphaCalcareaSiliceaChoanoflagellata
AB
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
KK
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
SU
V
X Y
Animalia
EuradiculataProepitheliozoaEumetazoaNeuraliaTriploblasticaBilateriaAcoelomorphaEubilateriaProtostomia
SpiraliaSchizocoeliaGnathiferaPolyzoaBrachiozoaEcdysozoaPanarthropodaCycloneuraliaNematoideaScalidophora
DeuterostomiaAmbulacrariaHemichordataChordata
Z
A -
B -C -D -E -F -G -H-
I -K -L -M -N -O -P -Q -R -S -
T -U -V -X -Y -Z -
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VertebrataUrochordataCephalochordataPterobranchiaEnteropneustaEchinodermata
BrachiopodaPhoronida
Chaetognatha
LoriciferaKinorhynchaPriapulaNematomorphaNematodaTardigradaOnychophoraArthropoda
BryozoaCycliophoraEntoproctaRotiferaMicrognathozoaGnathostomulidaGastrotrichaPlatyhelminthesNemertiniMolluscaSipunculaAnnelidaXenoturbellidaNemertodermatidaAcoelaCtenophoraCnidariaPlacozoaHomoscleromorphaCalcareaSiliceaChoanoflagellata
AB
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
KK
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
SU
V
X Y
AnimaliaEuradiculataProepitheliozoa
EumetazoaNeuraliaTriploblasticaBilateriaAcoelomorphaEubilateriaProtostomiaSpiraliaSchizocoeliaGnathifera
PolyzoaBrachiozoaEcdysozoaPanarthropodaCycloneuraliaNematoideaScalidophoraDeuterostomiaAmbulacraria
HemichordataChordata
Z
A -B -
C -D -E -F -G -H-I -K -L -
M -N -O -P -Q -R -S -T -U -V -
X -Y -Z -
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VertebrataUrochordataCephalochordataPterobranchiaEnteropneustaEchinodermata
BrachiopodaPhoronida
Chaetognatha
Loricifera
KinorhynchaPriapulaNematomorphaNematodaTardigradaOnychophoraArthropoda
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EntoproctaRotiferaMicrognathozoaGnathostomulidaGastrotrichaPlatyhelminthesNemertiniMolluscaSipunculaAnnelidaXenoturbellidaNemertodermatidaAcoelaCtenophoraCnidariaPlacozoaHomoscleromorphaCalcareaSiliceaChoanoflagellata
AB
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
KK
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
SU
V
X Y
AnimaliaEuradiculataProepitheliozoaEumetazoaNeuraliaTriploblastica
BilateriaAcoelomorphaEubilateriaProtostomiaSpiraliaSchizocoeliaGnathiferaPolyzoaBrachiozoaEcdysozoa
Panarthropoda
CycloneuraliaNematoideaScalidophoraDeuterostomiaAmbulacrariaHemichordataChordata
Z
A -B -C -D -
E -F -G -H-I -K -L -M -N -O -
P -Q -R -
S -T -U -V -X -Y -
Z -
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3/?*) 7438 60 4(3 3F.*+I.0 .>
3+J/?).4379 ;+4 64 :.+*E .> :.+?73
(/F3 ;330 *.74 60 4(3
:(./0.1/23**/437D
Choanoblastaea Advancedchoanoblastaea
Choanoflagellate
A
occluding junction
circumblastoporalnerve
sensory cellgerm cells
cadherins
mitosis
basementmembrane
nervewater current
< 43.?o/7 .?6230 ,34/]./?6.7
5(3 03C +0E3?74/0E602 .> 4(3 3/?*)
,34/]./0 ?/E6/I.0 C64( /
8/?/8()*3I: '.?6>3?/ 6,8*637 4(/4 4(3
*6>3 :):*3 >.+0E 60 4(3 3A#*C" C$&5"9
C64( / :6*6/43E >?33@7C6,,602 */?F/
/0E / 73776*3 /E+*4 >.?, C64( / C/43?@
:/0/* 7)743, /0E :(./0.:)43
:(/,;3?79 C/7 /0:374?/*D 5(3
3F.*+I.0 .> 4(67 4)83 .> .?2/06]/I.0
67 F67+/*6]3E 60 `62D RD%Dll
l ll
Ancestral sponge
Primitive sponge
l
l li i l
l i
< 43.?o/7 .?6230 ,34/]./?6.7
[ :(./0.;*/74/3/ *603/23 E3F3*.83E
/ 0+,;3? .> +*8"$*&)+0"5 ("))3K4(3
A/EF/0:3E :(./0.;*/74/3/BM9 /0E
"38&9)+3>"5 & A#)&$+8< ;+8> 3A"(+&)
("))3 ;+8>#/8 (#))&$3 &8 8>" &*8"$+#$
A#)"?Choanoblastaea Advanced
choanoblastaea
Choanoflagellate
A
occluding junction
circumblastoporalnerve
sensory cellgerm cells
cadherins
mitosis
basementmembrane
nervewater current
.. . . .
-
7/24/2019 04a ORIGEN METAZOA-Coanoflagelados
12/29
!"#$#!%
! 6043?0/*6]3E :3**7 K4(3
A/EF/0:3E :(./0.;*/74/3/BM9 /0E
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5(373 :3**7 C3?3 +73E 60 73L*6029 /0E
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C/43?D
Advancedchoanoblastaea
Ancestral sponge
circumblastoporalnerve
sensory cell
nerve
Primitive sponge
. ,, . . . , .
< 43.?o/7 .?6230 ,34/]./?6.7
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.F3?/?:(602 >?., 4(3 */43?/* :3**7 7.
4(/4 / 4+;+*/? A:(./0.:)43 :(/,;3?B
C/7 >.?,3E9 >+?4(3? 30(/0:602 4(3
C/43? :+??3047 KA4(3 8?6,6IF3
78.023BMD
l
l a
l ll
Ancestral sponge
Primitive sponge
l
l li i l
l i
I8.>3('+
< 43.?o/7 .?6230 ,34/]./?6.7
5(67 67 /0 .?2/06]/I.0 ?373,;*602 4(3
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K733 -(/843? W M9 3N:384 4(/4 64 (/E 0.
7J3*34.0D
!>+3 =#$D (#/)5 C$#; 8# & )&$C"$ 3+0"
;) #$C&*+0+*C 8>" )&&D9"$39 /0E 4(3 */?23?76]3 ,/E3 64 8.776;*3 4. 60F374 ,.?3
).*J 60 4(3 32279 7. 4(/4 E3F3*.8,304
:.+*E ;3:.,3 *3:64(.4?.8(6:D
ll a
l ll
Ancestral sponge
Primitive sponge
l li i l
>3('+
-
7/24/2019 04a ORIGEN METAZOA-Coanoflagelados
13/29
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< 43.?o/7 .?6230 ,34/]./?6.7
5(373 *#*,=""5+*C */?F/3 /;/0E.03E
4(3 3N43?0/* :(./0.:)437 C64( 4(3
+0E+*/4.?) :6*6+,9 ;+4 5"E")#A"5 &
*"; 8 (+)+&(/7 / *.029 ,.?3 .?
*377 .?2/06]3E ?..49 /0E 3>#;3
(##$5+*&8"5 D#E"D"*83 9"8;""*
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:(/?/:43?67I: D"8&(>$#*&) ;&E"3G
K`62D 3 :):*3 7330 60
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w /EF/0:3 /0E ?3:.F3?) :):*37
Choanoblastaea Advanced
choanoblastaea
Choanoflagellate
Ancestralspongeoccludingjunction
circumblastoporalnerve
sensorycellgerm cells
cadherins
mitosis
basementmembrane
nervewater current
Primitivesponge
. h l ut i n r n r i t t . h t r u rr n t r i n i t it h l u r r , th n t r n ir , n th n r u ll r n . h u l l l f th tr h n itt f r l rit . i ur . , .
Modern
homoscleromorph
B
Homoscleromorph-like
ancestor withgastrulalarvaand dissogony
Gastraea
Neurogastraea
Thisgradeis
represented
by Trichoplax
Thisgradeis
represented
byCnidaria
>3('+
< 43.?o/7 .?6230 ,34/]./?6.7
!;# )+*"&C"3 :/0 ;3 ?3:.206]3E >?.,
4(3 &*("38$&) 3A#*C"d #*"*603/23
*3/E602 4. 4(3 7+)+("&9 C(6:(
E3F3*.83E / 3+)+("#/33.")"8#*
K-(/843? SMG /0E &*#8>"$ )+*"&C"
*3/E602 4. 4(3 H/$&5+(/)&8& K-/*:/?3/
x '?.3864(3*6.]./G -(/843? V M 4(/4
5"E")#A"5 ($#33,38$+&8"5 (+)+&$< $##83
60 4(3 3864(3*6+,@*6J3 .+43? :3** */)3?
.> 4(3 */?F/3 K`62D VD!MD 5(3
-/*:/?3/07 E3F3*.83E (&)(&$"#/3
3A+(/)"3K -(/843? W MD
Choanoblastaea Advancedchoanoblastaea
Choanoflagellate
Ancestralspongeoccludingjunction
circumblastoporal
nerve
sensorycellgerm cells
cadherins
mitosis
basement
membrane
nervewater current
Primitivesponge
. h l ut i n r n r i t t . h t r u rr n t r i n i t it h l u r r , th n t r n ir , n th n r u ll r n . h u l l l f th tr h n itt f r l rit . i ur . , .
Modernhomoscleromorph
B
Homoscleromorph-like
ancestor withgastrulalarvaand dissogony
Gastraea
Neurogastraea
Thisgradeis
represented
by Trichoplax
Thisgradeis
represented
byCnidaria
>3('+
< 43.?o/7 .?6230 ,34/]./?6.7
5(3 I$#"A+8>")+#0#&
Ke.,.7:*3?.,.?8(/ x c+,34/]./M
5"E")#A"5 (#))&C"* JK +* 8>" 9&3&)
D"D9$&*"9 /0E 4(3 P?74 74/237 .>
#(()/5+*CL/*(B#*3;3:/,3
374/;*67(3ED
M*" )+*"&C" *3E 4. 4(3
-#D#3()"$#D#$A>&K-(/843? "M9C(6:( ?3,/603E /4 4(67 74/23D 5(3
.4(3? *603/23 *3E 4. 4(3 H/D"8&0#&9
C(6:( C6** ;3 E67:+773E 60 -(/843?
!= D
Choanoblastaea Advanced
choanoblastaea
Choanoflagellate
Ancestralspongeoccludingjunction
circumblastoporalnerve
sensorycellgerm cells
cadherins
mitosis
basementmembrane
nervewater current
Primitivesponge
. h l ut i n r n r i t t . h t r u rr n t r i n i t it h l u r r , th n t r n ir , n th n r u ll r n . h u l l l f th tr h n itt f r l rit . i ur . , .
Modernhomoscleromorph
B
Homoscleromorph-likeancestor withgastrula
larvaand dissogony
Gastraea
Neurogastraea
Thisgradeis
represented
by Trichoplax
Thisgradeis
represented
byCnidaria
>3('+
-
7/24/2019 04a ORIGEN METAZOA-Coanoflagelados
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k3P06:6p0 E3 [06,/*
-
7/24/2019 04a ORIGEN METAZOA-Coanoflagelados
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k3P06:6p0 E3 [06,/*
k3P06:6p0 E3 [06,/*
-
7/24/2019 04a ORIGEN METAZOA-Coanoflagelados
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. Generalized cell lineage of an annelid.(Based on Podarkeand Arenicola; Child ; Treadwell ).See Figure .,.
{
1a1
1a2
1a
2a11
2a122a1
2a2
2a
3a
3A
2A
1A
A
1a12
1a111a111
1a121
1a122
1a112
B
C
D
1d
1d11d11
1d111
1d112
1d12
1d2
2d2
2D3d
4d
4D3D
apical cell
1D
prostomial ectoderm
prostomial ectoderm
accessory trochoblast
AB
Z
primary trochoblast
ectomesoderm
as A, except that the right cerebral ganglion develops from 1c 112,
there is no ectomesoderm from the B-quadrant, and that theectomesoderm originates from 3c21in the C-quadrant
prostomial ectoderm
primary trochoblast
CD
endoderm
apical cell
1a1222
1a1221 prostomial ectoderm
2a111
2a112
2a121
2a122
ectoderm
secondary trochoblast
secondary trochoblast
ectoderm
ectoderm
3a1 ectoderm
3a23a21
3a223a221
3a222stomodaeum
stomodaeum
endoderm
prostomial ectoderm
2d111 ectoderm
2d112 somatoblast2d11
2d12 ectoderm, telotroch
2d1
2d21 ectoderm, telotroch
2d22 ectoderm, proctodaeum, ectomesoderm
2d
ectoderm, proctodaeum, ectomesoderm
mesoderm, endoderm
{
{{
{{
{
{
{ {
{
{{
{{ { {{ {
{
{
{{
{{
{
apical ganglion
apical ganglion
cerebral ganglia
circumblastoporalnerve cord, incl.posterior part ofbrain
{
{
{
-
7/24/2019 04a ORIGEN METAZOA-Coanoflagelados
17/29
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R*+D&)3 3>&$" & /*+U/" >#D"#9#@,(#*8&+*+*C =&D+)< #= C"*"36 .*#;* &3!"# %&'&(/ e.N 23037 8*/) 6,8.?4/04?.*37 60 4(3 E3F3*.8,304 .> /06,/*3,;?).79 :.04?.**602 4(3 "@A$"33+#* #=5#0"*3 #$ "E"* >/*5$"53 #= #8>"$C"*"3 8>&8 +*V/"*(" &*+D&)D#$A>#)#C< K733 -(/843? ,/4+?/I.09 ;+4 4(3*6>3 :):*37 .> ,/0) /06,/*7 /*7. 60:*+E3/4 *3/74 .03 */?F/* 74/23D
[ )&$E&67 / 73N+/**) 6,,/4+?3 >.?, .>/0 /06,/* 4(/4 67 D#$A>#)#C+(&))" &5/*49 +7+/**) "&835+F"$"*8 =##59 /0E ,/) 3F30 (/F3 /5+F"$"*8 >&9+8&8 4(/0 4(3 /E+*49 /7 604(3 :/73 .> 4(3 /O+/I: */?F/ .> /,.7O+64. .? / E?/2.01)D
[06,/* */?F/3 3F304+/**) +0E3?2.D"8&D#$A>#3+39 / 5"E")#AD"*8&) 8$&*3=#$D&B#*4(/4 4+?07 4(3 /06,/*604. / H+F306*39 C(6:( ?373,;*37 /0/E+*4 ;+4 67 0.4 )34 73N+/**) ,/4+?3D
r r r r r r , rr r . r r r r r
r . r r r r r , r r r , rr r , r r r r , . r . r
, rr , r , r ,, , r , ,
r , , r , r, . r r r r r
r . r . , .
Branchiostoma
Saccoglossus
Nematostella
Symsagittifera
Xenoturbella
Capitella
Tribolium
Priapulus
lab pb Hox3 Dfd Scr
Lox2 Lox4 Post1 Post2
Pecten
Spiralia
Platyhelminthes
Lingula
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Strongylocentrotus
Ambulacraria9/10 11/13 abc
Eubilateria Deuterostomia Chordata
Mus
? ? ? ? ?
EcdysozoaUbx abd-A abd-B
ProtostomiaLox5 Antp
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-
7/24/2019 04a ORIGEN METAZOA-Coanoflagelados
18/29
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-
7/24/2019 04a ORIGEN METAZOA-Coanoflagelados
19/29
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