trabajo 4 malditas matematicas erika jorge

Upload: lisbethortegaaguas

Post on 07-Jul-2018

222 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    1/25

    MALDITAS MATEMATICAS

    ESTUDIANTES:

    DIAZ HERNANDEZ ERIKARESTREPO BERNAL JORGE ANDRES

    COLEGIO INTEGRADO SAN JOSE ASIGNATURA: ESPAÑOL

    GRADO SEPTIMO APUERTO ARAUJO

    2016

    1

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    2/25

     MALDITAS MATEMATICAS

    ESTUDIANTES:

    DIAZ HERNANDEZ ERIKA

    RESTREPO BERNAL JORGE ANDRES

    TRABAJO PRESENTADO AL LICENCIADOJESUS OMAR TORRES LEAL

    COLEGIO INTEGRADO SAN JOSE ASIGNATURA: ESPAÑOL

    GRADO SEPTIMO APUERTO ARAUJO

    2016

    2

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    3/25

    TABLA DE CONTENIDO

    PÁGINA

    INTRODUCCIÓN----------------------------------------------------------------------

    OBJETIVO GENERAL---------------------------------------------------------------

    OBJETIVO ESPECIICO-----------------------------------------------------------

    BIBLIOGRAIA DEL AUTOR------------------------------------------------------

    TEMA !UE TRATA EL LIBRO-----------------------------------------------------

    PROBLAMAS !UE PLANTEA EL LIBRO --------------------------------------ENSEÑANZAS !UE PLANTEA EL LIBRO

    -----------------------------------AUTOR DEIENDE LA IMPORTANCIA DE

    LAS MATEMATICAS------

    RESUMEN

    GENERAL----------------------------------------------------------------

    OPINION PERSONAL----------------------------------------------------------------

    CONCLUSIONES---------------------------------------------------------------------

    BIBLIOGRAIA------------------------------------------------------------------------

    "

    #

    6

    $

    %

    &10

    11

    12-21

    22

    2'

    2"

    3

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    4/25

    INTRODUCCION

     A()*)+ (+ ,)+ ./ 3+4+ (+3 5+5)*+3 7 *8,3)9+4+ ./ ,8 3)9, ;+9+

    ,++< U, =+> 5),9+3 3 3/)+,8 , /, ;+9./> /, ?9+8 ),))/8 (+ ),)+

    + +9 /,+ /(+ ;89 ( ;+=3 (83 ,@5983<

    L)3 C+998((> ( +/89 A()*)+ , ( ;+=3 (+3 5+9+)((+3> 93/(+9+ 39 /,

    +*85;++, 7 , 3/ +,3)*8 )+ 3 ,9,+9 +( 58,39/8 ( (+49),8>

    *9/+9+, /, 3)98 9+,83 9)8> 3 +,9+9+, , /, 483./ ,@5983+94893*,3> 85+9, ( F *8, ( 3854998 (8*8<

    E, 3 ()498 (+ 5+789 +,/9+ A()*)+ 7 ;+9+ 883 (83 (*893> 39 3*/49)9 

    ./ (+3 5+5)*+3 ,8 38(8 38, @)(3> 3),8 +54)F, )9)+3<

     

    4

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    5/25

    OBJETIVO GENERAL

    • I,))*+9 39+)+3 (@)*+3 ./ ,83 ;95)+, *85;9,9 ./ ,8 88 (8

    9(+*)8,+8 *8, (+3 5+5)*+3 3 +4/99)8 7 *85;()*+8

    5

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    6/25

    OBJETIVOS ESPECIFICOS

    • O439+9 *858 A()*)+ +;9,) + 938(9 */+9+83 5)*83 7 ;8,9(83 ,

    ;9*)*+

    • E,,9 (+ )389)+ ( 89), (83 ,@5983 3 898 *8,*;8<

    6

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    7/25

    BIOGRAFÍA DEL AUTOR

    7

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    8/25

     

    CARLO FRABETTI

    E3*9)89 7 5+5)*8> 5)5498 (+ A*+5)+ C),*)+3 N/+ 89> +

    ;/4()*+8 53 */+9,+ ()4983> 5/*83 ((83 ;+9+ ,)83 7 ,3> *858 L+

    5+)+ 53 ;8983+ A(+/+9+> 1&&"> E( ,( 99)4( A(+/+9+>

    2000> M+()+3 5+5)*+3 A(+/+9+> 2000> E( +5;)98 +9)+,8 SM>

    2001> L+ *+3+ ),),)+ S+(+> 2002> E( ()498 G/)((958 E()3> 2002> L+

    4)4()8*+ G/)((958 E()3> 200" 3*9)8 78 )9))8 ,/598383 ;989+5+3 ()3),> *858 L+ B8(+

    C9)3+(> E( D/, ( G(848> N) + T8,+3 ,) + L8*+3 7T,,*)+3> 7 +

    39,+8 +9)+3 849+3 +98< H+ *9+8 7 )9) (+3 *8(**)8,3 )/(+*),

    *),=)*+ ;+9+ ,)83 7 ,3 E( J/8 (+ C),*)+ 7 L+ A,/9+ (+

    C),*)+ E)*)8,3 O,)98<

    E,9 3/3 ()4983 ;+9+ +/(83 3+*+, L+ 9(?), 7 ( 5)8 E( B+98> 1&&0> E(

    +4(98 5)*8 G)3+> 1&> L83 +9),3 *)9+83 L,/+ T9+;8> 1&&%> E(

    ()498 ( ,)8 5+5)*8 M+9=, R8*+> 1&&&>L+ *)/+ 983+ 7 98+ L,/+

    T9+;8> 1&&&> E( L)498 ),)9,8 A(+/+9+> 2002> C8,9+ ( I5;9)8 M),89>

    2002200"> L+ +5)3+ 3,/+ L,/+ T9+;8> 200"< T+,8 3/3 849+3 ;+9+

    +/(83 *858 (+3 ),+,)(3 +, 3)8 9+/*)+3 + ,/598383 ))85+3<

    TEMA QUE TRATA EL LIBRO

    8

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    9/25

    T5+: L+3 5+5)*+3 +53 39 5/7 @)(3 38, )9)+3>

    895+ 3,*)((+ ( +/89 (89+ ,+99+9 7 ?;()*+9 /,*)8,3 7 8;9+*)8,35+5)*+3 +( +(*+,* (83 ,)83> ;+9+ ((8 3 +/?)()+ ( ;938,+ A()*)+ (+;98+8,)3+ ( */,8 A()*)+ , ( ;+=3 (+3 5+9+)((+3> ;98 3+ (+9+3(++ +( ;+=3 (+3 5+5)*+3<

     A()*)+ 3 /,+ ,)+ ./ 8)+4+ (+3 5+5)*+3< U, =+ 3/)+,8 , ( ;+9./ 3,*/,9+ *8, /, 5+5)*8> ,9+, ;89 /, ;+3+)8 7 +, /,+ /(+ ;89 (5/,8 (+3 5+5)*+3< A( ),+( + (+ ,)+ ( +*+4+, /3+,8 (+3 5+5)*+3>( ,3+, 5/*83 9/*83 ;+9+ +*9( (+3 5+5)*+3 53 *)(3< S 3;)9+( 3/8 7 3 + */,+ ./ 3 /3+, (+3 5+5)*+3<

    PROBLAMAS QUE PLANTEA EL LIBRO

    9

    http://www.ecured.cu/Alicia_en_el_pa%C3%ADs_de_las_maravillashttp://www.ecured.cu/Alicia_en_el_pa%C3%ADs_de_las_maravillas

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    10/25

    • LAS MATEMATICAS NO SIRVEN PARA NADA:

    Alicia 3 /,+ ,)+ ./ 3 ,*/,9+ +84)++ ;89 +*9 +9+3 );8 5+5)*87 ;89 *83+3 ( 3),8 ,*/,9+ /, 8549 ( */+( ;+9*=+ +,)*/+8> 3),

    54+98 ),)*) /,+ *8,93+*), *8, (+ ,)+ A()*)+ + (+ */+( +* ,,9 ./

    (+3 5+5)*+3 38, ,*3+9)+3> )5;89+,3 ),)*)8 *8,+,8 /, */,8<

    V9 (8 ./ ,8 ,83 /3+> 3 898 ,/(8> 3 ;95))9,83 89+3 8;*)8,3

    +(9+3 ./ ;/ 93/(+9 /, ?*(, +9/5,8 ;+9+ *+54)+9 ( ;98;3)8

    (8 ,+)8 + (8 ;83))8<

    10

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    11/25

    ENSEÑANZAS QUE PLANTEA EL LIBRO

    L)3 C+998((> ( +/89 A()*)+ , ( P+=3 (+3 M+9+)((+3Q> 3 (+ ((+ +( P+=3

    (83 N@5983> /, (/+9 8, A()*)+ + *8,8*),8 8+3 (+3 9+5+3 (+35+5)*+3 *+54)+,8 *++ 53 (+ 8;),), ./ ), ((+3< E, F(> A()*)+

    *8,8* ( 89), (+ ,/59+*), *)5+(> +;9, (+3 +4(+3 5/();()*+9>

    *8,8* (+ )389)+ ( 97 S)9+5 7 3/ /+ 9)8 *8, ( ./ ( 5839 (

    +9> *8,8* (+3 9+**)8,3 /,8 *8, ( S8549998 L8*8> (+ L)49 M+98 7

    ( L)9,> +;9, + 3;+9 (+ ?> + *+(*/(+9 *8, ;8,*)+3> + +*9 */+9+83

    5)*83> (83 ,@5983 5)*83 ( *)8 )48,+**) 7 +;9, +54)F, ( +9

    (+ 5+5+)+Q 9+*)+3 + L)3 C+998(( )39++8 5+5+8Q<

    AUTOR DEFIENDE LA IMPORTANCIA DE LAS MATEMATICAS

    11

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    12/25

    L+3 5+5)*+3 38, /, 9+ /,+5,+( ;+9+ (+ 895+*), ( 39 /5+,8> 3+3= *858 ;+9+ ( +/89> (+3 5+5)*+3 38, 5/7 )5;89+,3 ;89 (8 ./ *9+

    39+)+3 )93+3 ;+9+ ./ +5, (+3 5+5)*+3<

      E3 ()498 3 5/7 ),93+, ;89 ,83 +7/+ + 9;+3+9 88 (8 ./ 3+4=+5833849 (+3 5+5)*+3 7 + (8 )9)+3 ./ ;/, ((+9 + 39 3) ,83 )*+583+ ((+3<

    RESUMEN GENERAL

    12

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    13/25

    Capítl! "#

    La$ %at&%'tica$ (! $i)*&( pa)a (a+a,

    C)9+ 5++,+ ((,+ 38(> A()*)+ 3+4+ 3,++ , /, 4+,*8 ( ;+9./ ./

    +4=+ *9*+ 3/ *+3+> ;98 3+4+ 5/7 5+( /589 5/7 58(3+ ;89 (+3

    5+5)*+3 ;89 ./ ,8 (+3 ,,=+> */+,8 (+ ,++ 3 +;+9* /, 8549

    ?9+8> +(8 9+98 , 3/ 3)5,+ 7 *85),+ + +4(+9( (+3 5+5)*+3 7

    (+ + 7 9(+*)8,+ 38 *8, ,@5983 7 *85),+ + *8,+9( /, */,8 ./ ((+ +

    3+ ,)+ + 3*/*+9 +( ;938,+<

    Capítl! -#

    El c&(t! +& la c&(ta,

     A* 3 */,+ (+ )389)+ (83 ,@5983> +4(+, /, ;+389 ./ ,=+ /,+ 38(+

    8+> *58 3(8 9+ /,+ ,8 +4=+ ,),@, ;984(5+> ;98 */+,8 ( 94+8

    +/5, +4=+ ;984(5+ ;+9+ *8,+9(+3<

    E,8,*3 3 *9 /,+ ,/+ 5+,9+ ;+9+ +*9(8< C/+,8 /8 10 (8 ;/8 +*9 

    *8, (83 83 (+ 5+,8> ;98 */+,8 ;+3 (8 10 /)() /, *38 ;+9+ *8(8*+9 

    /,+ ;)9+ ;89 *++ 10 8+3> (/8 7+ +4=+ +/5,+8 +,8 ./ 85 898

    *38 ;+9+ *8,+9 100 8+3< L/8 3 )8 )/9+3 +3+ ./ 3 ),,+98, (83

    ,@5983<

    E,8,*3 /,+ ;)9)+ , ( ;9)59 *38 3)548()+4+ 100 *,,+3> ( 898 *38

    3)548()+4+, 10 *,+3 7 ( 9*9 *38 9+, (+3 /,)+3< C/+,8 ,8 +4=+

    +(/,+ ;)9+ , ( *38 *8(8*+4+, /, *=9*/(8 +*=8 +3= 3 )8 89), +( *98<

    / +3= *858 3 )8 89), +( 3)35+ ,/59+*),< L/8 ( ?;()* (+)9,*)+ ,9 ,@5983 985+,83 7 ,/398 3)35+ ,/59+*),< ((+

    ;93+4+ 5/*+ +,*),

    Capítl! .#

    13

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    14/25

     El a/0&)! +&l /$a(!,

    D3;/F3> ,)+ ( )* ./ ( */, 53 )389)+3< L+ ),) + +9 /, ;+38 ;89 (

    ;+=3 (83 ,@5983<

    E( 8549 3+;+9*) ;89 /,83 5+899+(3 7 A()*)+ (8 3)/)> ,9+98, ;89 /,+5+9)/9+ )+,> +( ),+( ((+ +4=+ /, +/98 *858 /, 958(),8< E( 8549

    3 (+, +*)+ F(> A()*)+ *8, /, ;8*8 589 8* /,8 3/3 ;)3 7 ( 958(),8 (+

    48 +*)+ +,98> ,8 3),) ,) 5)8 ,) F9)8> *+7 49/3*+5, 3849 /,

    58,, 8+3 3*+3<

    C+5), ;89 ( @,( +3+ ((+9 + (+ (/ 8, )8 +( 8549 ;+9+8 9, +

    5/*+3 ;/9+3 *8, (+ ((+ 898< A()*)+ *899) 8, 3+4+ ( 8549> +49)98,

    (+ ;/9+ 7 3 =+ /, 95838 +9=,> (83 83 ,9+98,<Capítl! 1#

    El paí$ +& l!$ (2%&)!$

    E( ;+3+)8 ((+4+ + /, +9=, 95838> A()*)+ 3+4+ 58*)8,++> ;98,8>

    ;+3 *899),8 ;89 ,9, ((+ /, 9+, ,+); *8, *+4+> 49+83 7 ;)9,+3

    ./ ((+4+ /, 48 ;),/9+ 7 /,+ 498*+ , 3/3 5+,83<

    E((+ *8,8*=+ 3 (/+9> 9+ ( ;+=3 (+3 5+9+)((+3 A()*)+< E( 8549> ./

    3+4+ + 3/ (+8 ( )8 ./ ,8> ;98 ./ 3 ;+9*=+ 4+3+,<

     A()*)+ 3*/49) ./ ( 8549 5)39)838 9+ L)3 C+998((> ( 3*9)89 3+

    849+> F( ( )* ./ 3 3 3/ 3/,)58> ./ 3/ 9+98 ,8549 3 C+9(3

    D838,<

    /98, + ),3)+9 ./ +*=+, (83 93 ,+);3> 9+, ( 2> ( # 7 ( $ ;)*+3< L+

    9),+ (3 +4=+ ;)8 ./ ;),+9+, *++ 983+( *8, 983+3 )9,3 *8(893 7 (

    5)358 ,@598 ((+3 *8, ( 5)358 *8(89> ;98 ((83 3+4+, )3*/),8

    +*+(89++5,< A()*)+ (3 )* ./ ,8 +7 ,),@, ;984(5+> ./ +4=+, ;),+8

    83 +5+9)((+3> 83 98+3 7 83 98+3< E((83 ( ?;()*+, ./ ( ;984(5+ ,8 3*/+,8 (83 983+(3 38, ;+93 3),8 */+,8 38, )5;+93> +4=+ /, 983+( $ 983+3

    ( */+( ,8 3+4=+, *58 ;),+9(8> ;/3 */+(./)9 5+,9+ ./ 3 5)9+9+

    ),*/5;(=+ *8, (+ 89, (+ 9),+<

    14

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    15/25

    C+9() (3 +*8,3 ./ +9+, ( 983+( 88 4(+,*8 7 ./ ( ),895+9+, + (+

    9),+ ./ ( $ 9+ /, ,@598 ;9)58 7 ./ 38(8 9+ ))3)4( ;89 ( 5)358 7 ;89 (

    /,8<

    E, 3 585,8 3 87 /,+ 985;+ 7 (83 ,+);3 54(+98,> 9+ (+ 9),+ *89+8,3> 9;)+5, 3*8,)98, (83 )5;(5,83 ;),/9+ 7 3+*+98, "

    ;+()83 ,983 ;+9+ 895+93 5+5)*+5, ;+9+ ./ (+ 9),+ ;+3+9+ 9)3+>

    ;98 ((+ 38(8 3 ) , ( 983+( (+3 $ 983+3 7 ,/9*)+ 9) ./ 3 983+( ,8

    */5;(=+ *8, 3/3 3;*))*+*)8,3> (83 ' ,+);3 54(+98, ;98 C+9() 3 +*9*8

    +*=+ ((+ 7 ( ?;()* (8 )5;83)4( ./ 9+ 9+()+9 3/3 *8,)*)8,3 , 3 983+(> (+

    9),+ +*;> +/,./ )8 ./ ,8 ( +9++4+, (83 ,@5983 ;9)583< L83 ,+);3

    8()98, + 54(+9 ;89./ ((83 9+, ,@5983 ;9)583<C+9() ( ?;()*+ ./ ?)3, 53 ,@5983 *85;/383 ./ ;9)583> (+ 9),+

    ./ )*83+ *8, (+ ?;()*+*), 7 (8 ,8549 3/ J8*9<

    L+ 9),+ )8 + A()*)+ 7 ;9/, ./)F, 9+ ((+> C+9() ( )* ./ 3 3/ +5)+> (+

    9),+ (+ +*; 7 ( )8 ( =/(8 8,*((+ 3/,+ *(+3> 89, *8(8*+9( +

    C+9() /, 8998 4/, 7 /,+ *8)+ 4(+,*+> A()*)+ 3 , + ((+9(8> (+ 9),+ 3

    ,/9*)> (83 */(; 94(=+ 7 (83 ,) +( *+(+488 /)+83 ;89 ( ,@598 *98

    ./), (83 +5,++4+ *8, ( ;89 (+ 5/();()*+*),> 7+ ./> 88 ,@598

    5/();()*+8 ;89 *98 3+;+9*< P98 + C+9() 3 ( 8*/99) /,+ 9+, )+>

    *858 F( 9+ ( *858=, ;8=+ 85+9 ( +(89 */+(./)9 ,+); (+ 4+9++> 7 (3

    )8 + 3/3 *+;893 ./ , 3 585,8 3 *8,9=+ , 9),+ *89+8,3 7 (3

    89, ./ 3 5+9*+9+,> ((83 3+4+, *8,/,)83 ,8,*3 C+9() ),)+ +(

    *98 + *8,),/+9 *8, ((83 7 +3= (83 ,9=+ +(/,83 ;()983<

    I4+, ;+9+ ( (+49),8> +,/)98, ;89 ( +9=, +*85;++8 ;89 ( *98 ;98 +,3

    *9/+9(8 ( *98 3 35+7 ;89./ ,=+ 5/*8 5)8 3+9 +((=> *))98,

    3*+,3+9 5),9+3 ( *98 8(=+ , 3=<Capítl! 3#

    La c)i4a +& E)at5$t&(&$

     A()*)+ ( ;9/,+ +( 5+5)*8 *858 3 ;8=+ *9)4+9 ,@5983 7 (8 +*, *8, (83

    100 ;9)5983 ,@5983> 3 ),*(), 3849 ( ),*8,3*), *98 7 5; + 3*9)4)9 

    15

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    16/25

    ,@5983 , (+ 3/;9)*) 4(+,*+ 3/ +,938< A( *+48 /,83 5),/83 7+ +4=+

    *85;(+8 (+ ()3+ (83 *), ;9)5983 ,@5983< C85),+ *8, ( ,@598 2 ./

    3 ( ;9)59 ,@598 ;9)58 7 ( @,)*8 ,@598 ;+9 7 +3= (8 +* *8, (83 53>

    +3+ ./ ./+, (83 ;9)5983 ,@5983 ;9)583 7 ./ + *+ (+ *9)4+<C+9() +;98*+ ;+9+ ?;()*+9( + A()*)+ ./ (+3 5/();()*+*)8,3 38, 3/5+3

    3,*)((+3 8, (83 3/5+,83 38, )/+(3> , 3 585,8 ( *98 8() , 3= 7

    +( 9 (83 ,@5983 , 3/ +,938 *+3) /( + 35+7+93> ;89./ ;,3 , ./

    (+ 9),+ (8 )4+ + 9++9> ;98 C+9() 3+* 3/ 48(3)((8 /, 4899+89> ;+9+ ./ (

    *98 ./+9+ *858 +,3<

    E( *98 3 5+9* 9;)+5, +,3 ./+9 53 9/*)8> A()*)+ ;9/,+ +

    C+9() *858 ;/ ((+9 + 39 5,83 ./ ( *98> ( +;98*+ 7 ( ?;()*+ (83,@5983 ,+)83<

    D ;98,8 +;+9*) /, *8,8 4(+,*8> ((+4+ ;/38 /, *+./+ + */+983 7 /,

    *+(*8 5/7 (+, 8, 3+* /, 9(8 898> )4+ /, ;8*8 9+9+8> 3

    /8 + 5)9+9 (+ 89+ 7 3+() + *8999 ;89 ( (+49),8<

    Capítl! 6#

    El La4&)i(t!

     A()*)+ *)) *8999 93 ( *8,8> ;98 */+,8 (( + /, 3))8 ( (+49),8

    7+ ,8 (8 =+, 7 3 ,*8,9+98, 83 3)+*)8,3> /,+ + (+ 9*+ 7 /,+ + (+

    )./)9+< L+ ,)+ ( ;9/,+ +( 5+5)*8 ./ *+5),8 4, 85+9> F( ( )*

    ./ */+(./)9+> ./ (83 83 ((+, + (+ 3+()+> 3),8 /,8 53 (+98 ./ 898<

    I,)*)+98, + *+5),+9 ;89 ( (+49),8> ;98 C+9() ( ?;()*+ + A()*)+ ./ +( )9 

    ++,+,8 ,8 4 +9 8*+9 (+ ;+9 7+ ./ 3 /,+ 3/;9)*) *8,),@+

    7 +*+4+9 9*8999(+ ;89 *85;(8<

    E( 5+5)*8 +4(+ (+ 8;8(8=+> ./ 3/)+ (+3 ;98;)+3 ,9+(3

    88 );8 )/9+3> 3), +9 )5;89+,*)+ +( +5+8 8 + (+ 895+ 3+3 )/9+3>3),8 38(8 + (+ 5+,9+ , ./ 3 *8,*+, ,9 3= 3/3 )93+3 ;+93< A()*)+

    *8,*(/7 ./ ( 3/(8 /,8 3 /,+ 3/;9)*) *8,),@+ 7 ./ 3;9+ ,8 ,*8,9+9 

    +/983 , F(<

    16

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    17/25

    Capítl! 7#

    El %!($t)! +&l la4&)i(t!

    D/9+, /, 4/, 9+8 )98, 5/*+3 /(+3 ;89 ( (+49),8> 3), ./ A()*)+

    +;+9+9+ (+ 5+,8 (+ /;)+ ;+9 +(< D ;98,8 3 87 /, 899)4( 5/)8-9/)8 ( */+( ;+9+() + (+ ,)+> ((+ ;9/, ./ 9+ 3 38,)8 7 ./9=+

    8(93 ;98 C+9() ( )* ./ 3 )5;83)4( 7 ./ 4, *8,),/+9 ;/3 (

    58,39/8 ;8=+ +;+9*9 , */+(./)9 3))8<

    C+9() ( )* ./ 3) ((+ *8,8* +( 5),8+/98 C9+> ((+ ( )* ./ 3=> ./ 3

    /, 8549 *8, *+4+ 898> ;/3 ( )* ./ ( 58,39/8 ( (+49),8 3

    +5)()+ F( 7 ./ ,/,*+ (8 + )38<

    E, 3 585,8 ((+, + /, */+98 5/7 +*889> +4=+, 5/4(3 +94/38 7+(/,+3 3+,9=+3 ?*+++3 , (+ /;)+ ;+9> , ( *,98 3 ,*8,9+4+ /,+

    5/9 984/3+ 7 *8, *+4+ +*+> (+ */+( 3+4+ +*),8 9*)*)83

    )5,+3)+> +( 9(83 ((+ (3 ;9/,+ ;+9+ 8, +,< C+9() ( ?;()*+ + (+

    5),8+*+ ./ + A()*)+ ,8 ( /3+, (+3 5+5)*+3> ,8,*3 ((+ *) +*9(

    /,+ ;9/4+ ),89+,*)+<

    T/)98, /,+ ;./+ )3*/3), +*9*+ ( 5+> ;98 ((+ ( ;9/,+ 3) 3 3+4

    (+3 +4(+3 5/();()*+9> A()*)+ ( )* ./ 3 3+4 +(/,+3 ;98 (+3 53 +(+3 ,8<

    E, 3 585,8 +;+9*) ( *8,8 4(+,*8 7 (+ 5),8+*+ ( ;) ;93+8 3/ 9(8

    48(3)((8 ( */+( ,=+ (83 ,@5983 985+,83<

    L+ 5),8+*+ 5;)+ ?;()*+,8 ./ , ( 9(8 +7 20 /,83 ./ 39)9=+, ;+9+

    *85;8,9 (+ +4(+ 5/();()*+9 ( /,8 +( */+98> A()*)+ ;9/,+ ;89./ ( */+98

    ), */+98 ;+()83 7 ,8 /, ;+()8 7 /,+ /> ((+ ( ?;()*+ )39)*+5, (

    3),))*+8 ( */+98 985+,8<

    L+ 5),8+*+ 3 )9) +*)+ /,+ 53+ 8, +4=+ /, +4(98 */+9+8 7 4(+,*8>

    +) ( 9(8 7 883 *+798, 895+,8 /, 58,8,*)8> (/8 3 ((8 + (+ 48*+ /,3)(4+8 ./ ((+4+ *8(+8 , ( */((8 > 38;( */+98 *3 7 (83 /,83 3

    *8(8*+98, , 895+*), 3849 ( +4(98 , */+98 )(+3 *),*8< ( ;9/,

    */,83 ;+()83 +4=+, 7 A()*)+ 93;8,) ./ 20> +,+()+98, (+ (7 *8,5/+)+

    (+ 5/();()*+*),<

    17

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    18/25

    E( *8,8 ;)) 3/ 9(8> ;+9+ 3/)9 *8, 3/ 9*899)8<

    L/8 /,+ 895+ 5/7 )*)*+ ( ,3+ (+ +4(+ ( $ 7 ( &> +( ),+()+9 A()*)+

    ( )* + (+ 5),8+*+ ./ 3 (+ 589 ;98389+ 5+5)*+3 ./ + )38> ((+

    3 3),) 5/7 89/((83+ ;89 (83 +(+83 (+ ,)+<

    Capítl! 8#

     El +&$i&)t! +& t)i/!

    M),9+3 3/=+, ++,+,8 ;89 ( (+49),8> A()*)+ ( ;9/, + C+9()>

    ;89./ ( *98 ( ,=+ +,8 5)8 + (+ 5),8+*+ 3) ((+ 9+ ),8,3)+> F( (

    ?;()* ./ ( ,+); 9+ *+9/(),+ 7 ./ (+3 +*+3 *85=+, ;+;(> 7+ ./ (

    ;+;( 3+4+ *8 *(/(83+> )/+( ./ (+ )94+<D /, 585,8 + 898 (+ ,)+ 3 5; )8 */,+ ./ ( 3/(8 ( (+49),8

    5;+4+ + 89,+93 3/+ 7 ./ *9/=+ /,+ 895+ ?9++> 3 ++* ;+9+

    8*+9(8> ( 3/(8 3+4+ */4)98 9+,83 9)8<

     A( 3+()9 ( (+49),8 3 ,*8,9+98, *8, /, 95838 7 ?,38 3)98 9)8>

     A()*)+ 5/7 +38549++ ( ;9/, + 3/ +*85;++, ./ 9+ 38> C+9() (

    *8,3 ./ 9+ (+ /+ ( 97 S)9+5> *))98, +*9*+93 + (+ /,+ 53

    +(+ 8, 3+4+ ( 97 9+ /, 8549 4+94+ (+9+> *8, /94+, 7

    (/83+5, 3)8> + 3/ (+8 ,=+ /, +4(98 +9 7 /, 9+, */9,8 ;89 

    8, 3+(=+ ),*3+,5, ( 9)8<

    E( 97 ( */,+ + A()*)+ (+ )389)+ 3/ /+< H+* 83 5)( +83 */+,8 (

    S)95+, 9+ ( 97 (+ I,)+> ( ),,89 ( +9 ( ;)) *858 9*85;,3+ /,

    9+,8 9)8 ;89 (+ ;9)59+ *+3)((+> 83 ;89 (+ 3/,+> */+98 ;89 (+ 9*9+>

    8*8 ;89 (+ */+9+ 7 +3= 3/*3)+5,> /;()*+,8 , *++ *+3)((+ , ,@598

    9+,83 (+ +,9)89< E( ;,3 ./ 9+ ;8*8> ;98 +( +*9 (+3 */,+3> ((+3 )4+,

    +/5,+,8 ?*3)+5,<E,9 ( 97 7 ( ;98389 )*)98, (+ */,+ (+ /+ 7 ( )5;8 ./ +3+9=+

    , ;++9(+< A()*)+ 3 395*) 7 ( ;)) + 3/ +5)8 ./ 3 5+9*+9+,

    ),5)++5,> ;98 ( 97 ;+9+ +9(83 )9 (3 ;) ./ //, /,+ ;+9)+

    +9 7 ./ ( 4, +,+9 , ( 5,89 /++3 ;83)4(3<

    18

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    19/25

    I,)*)+, ( /8> ( 97 5/ 3/ ;,> A()*)+ 58) (+ +5+ , )+8,+( +3+ (

    489 ( +4(98 7 (89 /, +./ 5+< E( 97 (83 ()*) 7 (83 3+()9 , 3/

    +(8549+ 3()+89+<

    Capítl! 9#

    U( 4!$:& +& (2%&)!$

     A()*)+ 7 C+9() ),)*)+98, 3/ )+ , (+ +(8549+ 3), 3+49 + , )4+,> ;8*8

    3;/F3 ((+98, + /, ?9+8 483./> (83 948(3 3+4+, 3), 8+3 7 *8, (+3

    9+5+3 +*=+ +99)4+> ;+9*=+, *858 *+,(+4983 )3),+3 +(/9+3 7 ,@5983

    49+83> +(/,83 ,8 5=+, 53 83 5983 7 8983 9+, 5/7 +(83 *8, +9)83

    ,)(3 49+83 ./ 3 9+5))*+4+, 5+,9+ 858F,+< E, ( ?958 *++ 9+5+ +4=+ /,+ 48(+ ,9+ +, ,9+ *858 ( 938 ( 948(< A()*)+ 3),) ./

    383 948(3 ,=+, 3/ 3),))*+8> C+9() ( )* ./ 383 948(3 9;93,+4+,

    (83 ,@5983> *8, 3+ 5;())*+*), C+9() ( ?;()*+ + A()*)+ (+ )5;89+,*)+

    (+3 ;9893)8,3 +9)5F)*+3 7 85F9)*+3 7 3+ 5+,9+ /98, *9/+,8 (

    483./<

     A( ((+9 +( ),+( ( *+5),8 A()*)+ 3 )39+8 ;89./ 5; + 8(9 /,+ 9+, 89+

    5+,+,+<

    Capítl! ";#

    El t< +& l!$ ci(c!,

    C+9() )8 ./ ( 8(89 ;98,=+ ( S8549998 L8*8 7 3/3 +5)83 ;/3

    3+4+, 85+,8 ( F (+3 *),*8> ( */+( (8 85+4+, + 8+ 89+< S)/)98,

    ++,+,8 ;89 ( 483./ (83 ,@5983 7 ;8*8 3;/F3 )98, +( S8549998> (+

    L)49 7 ( L)9, ./)F, 895=+ , 5)8 ((83> (+ 53+ 9+ 5/7 9+,> 3),

    54+98> (83 93 3+4+, 5/7 /,83< A()*)+ *)) 3,+93 , (+ 53+> ;98 +(

    9(+ *85,+98, + 9)+9( ./ ,8 +4=+ 3))8 ;+9+ ((+> ;98 ((+ (3 *8,3 ./+4=+ 3;+*)8 3849+ 7 3 3,> C+9() 3 3, + 3/ (+8 38,9),8<

    E( 38549998 ( 89*) +9+ 5+,+,+ + A()*)+ ;9/,,8( */,+ ;89*),

    3+4+> , 3 585,8 93/(+ (+ ),./)/ (+3 9+**)8,3 ./)+(,3> (+

    */+( / 93/(+ /,+ 5+,9+ 5/7 3;*)+( ;89 ( 9+, 5+5)*8<

    19

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    20/25

    L/8> C+9() (3 ?;()*+ ( 3)35+ 5F9)*8 *)5+(> 8, + (83 *8,*;83

    5)+3 5F9)*+3> *+;+*)+> ;38 7 (+ 9(+*), ,9 ((+3<

    E, 3 585,8 +;+9*) ( 8549 ,+); ./), ( ((+ /,+ *+9+ (+ 9),+

    *89+8,3 +( S8549998> (+ */+( ( 89,+ ./ 4 +3)3)9 + /, /)*)8 *8583)8> F( 3 +3/3+ 5/*8 ;98 A()*)+ 9++ 9+,./)()+9(8 ;98 3+4+ 5/7

    +3/3+8 ;/3 (8 +*/3+9=+, +(38 3)58,)8 7 ( *89+9=+, (+ *+4+< E( 8549

    ,+); 85 ( 49+8 +( 38549998 7 (8 +99+39 +3+ ((+9(8 + 8, 3+4+ (+

    9),+<

    Capítl! ""#

    La S!()i$a E(i/%'tica,

    D ;98,8 +;+9*) ;89 ( +)9 /,+ 38,9)3+ ,)5)*+> A()*)+ 3+4+ 5/7389;9,)+ ;/3 ,/,*+ +4=+ )38 /,+ 38,9)3+ 3), *+9+ 7 +53 ./ +4(+9+<

    E((+ ( ;9/,+ ./ ./), 3 7 F( ( *8,3+ ./ 3 /,+ ),*,)+ 7 ./ ;/

    3;+9(+< C+9() ( ?;()*+ ./ 3;+9 /,+ ),*,)+ 3 +9)/+9 (8 ./ 3 +

    ;+9)9 (83 +83 ./ ,583 3849 ((+<

    P98 A()*)+ *8,3+ ./ ,8 3+4 ,++ 3+ 38,9)3+> ((+ ( )* ./ 8439 (+

    9+5+ ( 948( 7 ./ 3*/* 3/ 8 5()(/+ 7 98,98,+,> ((+ 3*/49 ./ 3

    /, +8> ( */+( 3 ((+5+4+ ( G+8 C3)9<

    E( +8 ( *8(8*+ /, ;984(5+ +*9*+ ( ;38 /, (+9)((8> ( */+( A()*)+ (89

    938(9 ;98 *8, /,+ 39) ))*/(+3<

    E, 3 *+;=/(8 3 +4(+ +*9*+ (+3 */+*)8,3 7 (+ 5+,9+ 938(9(+3<

    Capítl! "-#

    El Ca+)a+! M'/ic!,

     A()*)+ 7 C+9() 3 3)/, +,9+,8 , ( 483./> 3)/),8 3)5;9 (+ )+8,+(

    ( 9+, 9*/+98 ,@5983< C/+,8 ((+98, +( 948( 6#1 ,*8,9+98, 4+8

    F( /,+ 89/+ ?9+8 *+;+9+,> ;98 +( +93 */,+ ./ (+ 3+4+,8439+,8 3 3*8,) 9;)+5,<

    C+9() ( */,+ ./ 3 (+ 89/+ )),+ ./ ( 3+4)8 *),8 / )8 3+()9 9=8

    +5+9)((8> 38 (8 */,+ ( L)498 (+3 ;95/+*)8,3<

    20

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    21/25

    C+9() 7 A()*)+ ),)*)+, 3+998((+,8 (83 */+983 5)*83 83> 93 7 */+98

    */+9+83<

    L(+98, +( 948( 2"#1 7 A()*)+ 3 +998)(( , ( 3/(8 7 5+9* (83 */+98 ,@5983

    , (+3 *+3)((+3 *,9+(3 (+ (83+< L+ ;)9+ *) 4+8 (+ ;/,+ 3/ 8 *8583) /9+ +9*)((+ 4(+,+> 7 , */+,8 /48 95),+8 9+4+9 ( @()58 ,@598 3

    3() 89)8,+(5, 7 9 /,+ 5;),++ 7 83*/9+ 3*+(9+ ./ 3 /,=+

    , (+3 ,9++3 (+ )99+<

    L+ ,)+ ( ;9/, + C+9() + 8, (83 ((+9=+> ;98 ( 3*9)89 +4=+

    3+;+9*)8<

    Capítl! ".#

    El Mat&%a/!,L+ */9)83)+ 9+ , A()*)+ 53 /9 ./ ( 5)8> ;89 (8 */+( 5; +

    3*,9 ;89 (+ 83*/9+ 3*+(9+ (+ ./ ,8 3 =+ ( 8,8> (( + /,

    ;+3+)8 89)8,+( )/+( 83*/98> +( 8,8 49)((+4+ /,+ (/ 5/7 ,/> 3 )9))

    +*)+ ((+ ;/3 (+ (83+ 7+ 3 +4=+ *99+8 7 ,8 ;8=+ 998*93> ( ;+3+)8 (+

    (( + /,+ 3+(+ ;89 8, (8+4+, *),*8 ;8()983 4(+,*83< A( 8,8 (+ 3+(+>

    3,+8 , /, 98,8 ;)9+ +4=+ /, +,*)+,8 (+9+ 4+94+ 4(+,*+ (7,8 /,

    ()498> ((+4+ /,+ @,)*+ ,9+ +3+ (83 ;)3 7 /, ;/,)+/8 8998 , 3/ *+4+

    ((,+ ,@5983<

    C85),+ + ,3+9( ( *8,*;8 ;8,*)+*), *858 ;89 +9 5+)+> A()*)+

    3/8 5/7 +,)5++ 7 +;9, 9;)+5, ( /8< E((+ ( ,3+ +(/,+3

    5+,9+3 3/5+9 895+ *)( 7 9;)+< E( 5+8 38,9= ;89./ 3 + */,+

    ./ A()*)+ 3), ./99 3+4+ 5;+,8 + ./99 + (+ 5+5)*+3<

    P89 @()58> ((+ ( ;) +( 5+8 ./ ( ,3 89+ 5+,9+ +*9 8;9+*)8,3

    9;)+5,> ,8,*3 ( +,*)+,8 5 (+ 5+,8 , 3/ ;/,)+/8 8998 7 <

    Capítl! "1#

    L!$ c!(&0!$ +& Fi4!(acci,

    S+* 3/ ),9)89 /, *8,)8> ( 5+8 ;9*)3 ./ 9+ /,+ *8,)+> (+ *8(8* ,

    ( 3/(8 7 ( )8 + (+ ,)+ ./ , /, 53 39=+ +/(+> )*8 38 ( +,*)+,8 ( )8

    21

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    22/25

    /,+ ;+(5++ 7 (+ *8,)+ +/5, +5+8> ((+ +38549++ ;9/, 3) 7+

    +4=+ ;+3+8 /, 53> ;98 F( ( )8 ./ +4=+ +*(9+8 ( )5;8 (+ *8,)+

    53 ,8 ( ((83> +53 ( )8 ./ 3+4+ ;9++> A()*)+ ( )8 ./ ./9=+ 9 

    (+ *9=+> ( 5+5+8 )8 89+ ;+(5++ 7 /,8 + ((+ +;+9*) 89+ +, ;./+*858 (+ ;9)59+ +( 3+()9 ( 8998< L ?;()* ./ +( 53 (+ *8,)+ 5+9 ,9=+

    89+ *9=+ 7 (+ ;9)59+ *9=+ ,9=+ 3/ ;9)59+ *9=+ 7 +3= 3/*3)+5,<

    C8, 3 5;(8 ( +,*)+,8 ( ?;()* (+ 89+ 5+,9+ 3/5+9 9;)+5, ./

    / *9++ ;89 L8,+98 P)3+> /, 9+, 5+5)*8 )+()+,8 ( 3)(8 12> 53

    *8,8*)8 *858 )48,+**) ./)F, +54)F, )5;/38 ( 3)35+ ,/59+*), 9+4<

    E( +,*)+,8 *85, + ;8,9( /,+ 39) 9*)*)83 + A()*)+ ./), (83 *8,3

    4), 7 9;)+5,< A( ),+()+9 ( 5+5+8 ( )* ./ ((+ 7+ 3 /,+ ;./+ 5+5++> ( ;/38 3/

    8998 7 (+ )8 3,+9 , 3/ 98,8> 7 */+,8 ( ,9 ( ()498 9*8,8*)

    3/ 38,9)3+ 9+ C+9()> (+ @,)*+ 7 (+ 4+94+ 4(+,*+ 3+;+9*)98, , ( +)9 7

    (+, ((+ +;+9*) L)3 C+998((> ./), ( 89, ./ 3;9+9+<

    E;=(88:

     A()*)+ +49) (83 883 38493+(++ 7 )8 /, /+9+ ./), (+ 3+*/=+ 3/+5, ;89 

    ( 85498< E3+4+ 3,++ , /, 4+,*8 ;)9+ ( ;+9./ *8, ( ()498

    5+5)*+3 +4)98<

    C98 ./ 5 ./+8 895)+ )8 A()*)+> ( /+9)+ ( )* ./ ,8 3 ,++

    9+98 ;/3 3+4+ 3/)+,8 (+3 +4/99)+3 5+5)*+3> A()*)+ ( )* +4/99)+3

    N++ 38> 38, 5/7 )9)+3<

    22

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    23/25

    OPINION PERSONAL

    E3 ()498 (8 ,*8,9+8 5/7 ),93+, ;89./ 5 + +7/+8 + 9;+3+9 88

    (8 ./ 7+ 3+4=+ 3849 (+3 5+5)*+3 7 + (8 )9)+3 ./ ;/, ((+9 + 39 3)

    )*+3 + ((+3< U,8 (83 9883 ./ 5 + /3+8 53 88 ( ()498 +

    3)8 */+,8 ( S8549998 7 3/3 +5)83 3, *8, A()*)+ 7 L)3 85+,8 ( F 7

    /, 988 ;+3(<

    E, ),> *98 ./ 3 ()498 3 /, 9(+8 4+3+, 4/,8 ),93+,> 5/7

    9*85,+4( ;+9+ ,/39+ +< ,83 +* 9 (+3 5+5)*+3 5/7 )9)+3>

     

    23

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    24/25

    CONCLUSIONES

    E( +9/5,8 ( +/89 3 ()8 ;+9+ (+ ,+99+)+> 3), 54+98 , (+ )+ 9+(> ,8

     /+583 *8, (+3 5+5)*+3> 88 (8 +*583 5+,9+ ;9*)*+ 7 (8*8,38()+583 (+ 5+,9+ ./ ,83 ;+9* *899*+ +3= 3583 99+83> 38 ,8

    38(+5, (8 +*583 *8, (+3 5+5)*+3 3) ,8 *8, 8+3 (+3 9+3 ./ 583

    */+,8 3/)+583<

    C8,*(/)583 ./ /+9 *8, (+3 5+5)*+3 3 )9)8 7 ,83 +* ++,+9 , (83

    *8,8*)5),83 5+,9+ +9++4(<

    24

  • 8/18/2019 Trabajo 4 Malditas Matematicas ERIKA JORGE

    25/25

    BIBLIOGRAFIA

    • C+9(8 9+4)> M+()+3 M+5)*+3< P9)59+ )*),> )39)4/)89+ 7

    )89+ A/)(+9 S