semana 1 - unidad educativa monte tabor-nazaret · estudiantes que han obtenido una nota inferior a...

UNIDAD EDUCATIVA MONTE TABOR – NAZARET

Área de Experimentales Actividades de refuerzo académico

SCIENCE I QM

2015 - 2016

NOMBRE: _______________________________ CURSO: 8th ___

FECHA: __________________ TEACHER: JENNIFER GRUNAUER M.

Instrucciones sobre las actividades de refuerzo:

Estas actividades de refuerzo académico tienen como objetivo mejorar el desempeño académico de los

estudiantes que han obtenido una nota inferior a 7/10 en el examen quimestral y/o en el promedio quimestral, lo

cual indica de acuerdo a la escala cualitativa de evaluación que el estudiante está próximo a alcanzar los

aprendizajes requeridos o no ha alcanzado los aprendizajes requeridos. La actividad desarrollada debe

entregarse al profesor de la asignatura a partir del 19 de octubre en la primera hora de clases de esa asignatura.

Se realizará una retroalimentación del trabajo y la calificación corresponderá como lección del primer parcial del

segundo quimestre.

Semana 1

Introduction to Atoms

Write the letter of the correct answer in the space provided.

_____ 1. What did Democritus, Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, and Bohr all have in common?

a. They each identified new elements.

b. They each identified new isotopes of atoms.

c. They each contributed to the development of the atomic theory.

d. They each conducted experiments in which particles collided.

_____ 2. In Thomson’s “plum-pudding” model of the atom, the plums represent

a. atoms. c. neutrons.

b. protons. d. electrons.

_____ 3. An atom of gold with 79 protons, 79 electrons, and 118 neutrons would have a mass num-

ber of

a. 39. c. 197.

b. 158. d. 276.

_____ 4. Which of the following has the least mass?

a. nucleus. c. neutron

b. proton. d. electron

_____ 5. If an isotope of uranium, uranium-235, has 92 protons, how many protons does uranium-238

have?

a. 92. c. 143

b. 95 d. 146

_____ 6. How did Democritus describe atoms?

a. large, soft particles

b. dividable particles

c. small, hard particles

d. a single material with one shape and size

Contenido: Caligrafía: Presentación Ortografía:

10

_____ 7. What is the smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same

substance?

a. electron c. proton

b. neutron d. atom

Match the correct description with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided.

_____ 8. particle than cannot be cut

_____ 9. negatively charged particle discovered by Thomson

_____ 10. central region of the atom

_____ 11. region where electrons are likely to be found

_____ 12. particle in the center of an atom that has no charge

_____ 13. subatomic particle that has a positive charge

_____ 14. a unit of mass that describes the mass of an atom or

molecule

_____ 15. the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

_____ 16. atom that has the same number of protons but different

numbers of neutrons

_____ 17. the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom

Use the diagram below to answer questions 18 through 21. Write the letter of the correct answer

in the space provided.

_____ 18. Which letter refers to the negatively charged particles?

_____ 19. Which letter refers to the positively charged particles?

_____ 20. Which letter refers to the particles with no charge?

_____ 21. Which letter refers to the dense center of the atom?

a. atomic number

b. nucleus

c. electron cloud

d. mass number

e. isotope

f. neutron

g. atom

h. electron

i. atomic mass unit (amu)

j. proton

Use the figure below to answer the questions 22 and 23. Write the letter of the correct answer in

the space provided.

_____ 22. Who proposed this new model of an atom?

a. Bohr

b. Thomson

c. Rutherford

d. Democritus

_____ 23. The raised surfaces show

a. protons.

b. electrons.

c. neutrons.

d. isotopes.

Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below. Each term may be used

only once. Some terms may not be used.

atom atomic number electron

nucleus atomic mass electron cloud

proton isotope neutron

1. A positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom is called a(n) ______________________

2. An atom of an element that has the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons is

called a(n) ______________________.

3. The region in an atom that contains most of the mass is called the ______________________.

4. The number of protons in an atom determines its ______________________.

5. The weighted average of all the naturally occurring isotopes of an element is called the

______________________.

6. The smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same substance is a(n)

______________________.

19. Use the following terms to complete the concept map below:

atomic number charges density

protons neutrons electrons

nucleus

The Periodic Table


_____ 1. Most of the elements in the periodic table are

a. metals.

b. metalloids.

c. gases.

d. nonmetals.

_____ 2. Mendeleev arranged the elements by

a. density.

b. melting point.

c. appearance.

d. increasing atomic mass.

_____ 3. The horizontal row on the periodic table is called a(n)

a. group.

b. family.

c. period.

d. atomic number.

_____ 4. Which one of the following tells the physical state of an element at room temperature?

a. the atomic number

b. the color of the chemical symbol

c. the atomic mass

d. the element name

_____ 5. How do the physical and chemical properties of the elements change?

a. within a group

b. across each period

c. within a family

d. across each group

Refer to the figure below to answer questions 23 and 24.

_____ 23. The number beneath carbon indicates the

a. atomic number.

b. atomic mass.

c. chemical symbol.

d. element name.

_____ 24. The number at the top is the

a. atomic number.

b. element name.

c. atomic mass.

d. chemical symbol.

19. Use the following terms to complete the concept map below:

nonmetals metals solids

gases shiny metalloids

Body Organization and Structure


_____ 1. the tissue that makes up the surface of your skin

_____ 2. the thicker layer of skin that lies beneath the outer layer of

skin

_____ 3. a group of similar cells working together

_____ 4. structure that allows you to move your arm in all directions

_____ 5. structure in the skin that helps to cool the body and remove

wastes

_____ 6. group of organs that break down food into nutrients that the

body can absorb

_____ 7. frame made up of bones, cartilage, and connective tissue

_____ 8. an injury in which a muscle or tendon is stretched too far or

torn

_____ 9. an effective activity for building the strength of skeletal mus-

cles

_____ 10. two or more tissues that work together to perform a function

Circulation and Respiration

Match the correct definition with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided. Some

terms will not be used.

_____ 1. a blood vessel that carries blood to the heart

_____ 2. a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart

_____ 3. air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are ex-

changed

_____ 4. the passage from the mouth to the larynx and esophagus

_____ 5. a small oval, bean-shaped organ that removes pathogens and

dead cells

_____ 6. the largest lymphatic organ in the body, which is located on the

upper left side of the abdomen

_____ 7. a tiny blood vessel that allows an exchange between blood and

cells in other tissue

_____ 8. a connective tissue that carries oxygen and nutrients to body tis-

sues and carries carbon dioxide and wastes from body tissues


_____ 9. Which of the following are the main parts of the cardiovascular system?

a. nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and lungs

b. thymus, lymph, lymph nodes, spleen, and tonsils

c. heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins

d. esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine

a. sweat glands

b. tissue

c. strain

d. skeletal system

e. ball-and-socket joint

f. resistance exercise

g. epithelial tissue

h. digestive system

i. organ

j. dermis

a. artery

b. capillary

c. vein

d. blood

e. lymph node

f. spleen

g. tonsil

h. pharynx

i. larynx

j. trachea

k. bronchus

l. alveoli

_____ 10. The function of the heart is to

a. pump blood.

b. fight disease.

c. exchange gases.

d. create energy.

_____ 11. Which of the following is the function of the three types of blood vessels?

a. to pump blood

b. to fight disease

c. to exchange gases

d. to carry blood

_____ 12. Which of the following are the two types of blood circulation in the body?

a. systolic and diastolic

b. pulmonary and systemic

c. RBC and WBC

d. plasma and platelet

_____ 13. Heart attacks, strokes, atherosclerosis, and hypertension are problems of which system?

a. cardiovascular

b. respiratory

c. lymphatic

d. digestive

_____ 14. The main components of blood are

a. lymph, lymph nodes, and extracellular fluid.

b. pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchus.

c. plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

d. A, B, AB, and O.

_____ 15. Carrying oxygen and nutrients, fighting pathogens, and reducing blood loss are some of the

functions of

a. lymph.

b. blood.

c. the lungs.

d. the thymus.

_____ 16. As heart ventricles contract and then relax, blood pressure inside of arteries changes from

a. systolic to diastolic.

b. antibody to antigen.

c. type A to type B.

d. plasma to platelet.

_____ 17. Which of the following are blood types?

a. V, W, XY, and Z

b. X, Y, XY, and Z

c. A, B, CD, and O

d. A, B, AB, and O

_____ 18. Which of the following systems collects and begins disposal of extracellular fluids?

a. respiratory

b. circulatory

c. cardiovascular

d. lymphatic

_____ 19. Which of the following is NOT a part of the respiratory system?

a. bronchioles

b. alveoli

c. trachea

d. capillaries

_____ 20. The contraction of the diaphragm and rib muscles and expansion of the chest cavity are part

of which process?

a. cellular respiration

b. all respiration

c. inhalation

d. exhalation

_____ 21. Which of the following is NOT a respiratory disease?

a. asthma

b. emphysema

c. SARS

d. atherosclerosis

_____ 22. Which organ passes oxygen to the blood?

a. lungs

b. pharynx

c. bronchus

d. diaphragm

_____ 23. Which muscle contracts to begin the process of inhaling?

a. lungs

b. pharynx

c. diaphragm

d. bronchus

_____ 24. Why is it important to get the right blood type during a transfusion?

a. Your pulse rate could increase.

b. A reaction to the wrong type could be fatal.

c. You could faint.

d. Your blood type could change.



thymus veins pulmonary

lymph nodes cellular ventricles

systemic spleen lungs

1. The release of energy found in molecules of glucose is known as ______________________ respi-

ration.

2. The lower chambers of the heart are called ______________________.

3. The movement of blood between the heart and lungs is called ______________________ circula-

tion.

4. Small, bean-shaped organs called help clean the ______________________blood.

5. Skeletal-muscle contraction pushes blood through the ______________________.

6. Killer T cells are released into the blood from the ______________________.

19. Use the following terms to complete the concept map below.

antigens platelets blood vessels

red blood cells plasma pathogens

Semana 2

Introduction to Electricity


_____ 1. What are the small particles that make up matter?

a. charges c. atoms

b. electrons d. protons

_____ 2. Why are protons and electrons attracted to each other?

a. because protons have a positive charge and electrons have a negative charge

b. because protons have a negative charge and electrons have a positive charge

c. because they both are positively charged

d. because they both are negatively charged

_____ 3. Why is it important that the electrons and protons are attracted to each other?

a. The attraction determines the size of the atom.

b. The attraction keeps the electrons from flying away from the nucleus.

c. The attraction determines the size of the nucleus.

d. The attraction determines the charge of the atom.

_____ 4. The size of an electric force depends upon which two things?

a. the amount of each charge and the size of the electric field

b. the distance between the charges and the size of the electric field

c. the number of protons and the distance between the charges

d. the amount of each charge and the distance between the charges

_____ 5. What method is involved when charges in an uncharged metal object are rearranged without

direct contact with a charged object?

a. friction c. convection

b. induction d. conduction

_____ 6. Which of the following is positively charged?

a. proton c. electron

b. neutron d. atom

_____ 7. Which of the following is NOT an insulator?

a. air c. glass

b. wood d. copper


_____ 8. The higher this is, the lower the current

_____ 9. This device uses the temperature difference in wires to

convert thermal energy into electrical energy.

_____ 10. As this increases, so does the current.

_____ 11. This method of charging happens when you rub a balloon

on your hair.

_____ 12. This is a material, like metal, that allows charges to move

easily.

_____ 13. This is the region around a charged object where a force is

exerted on other objects.

_____ 14. Clothes often stick together because of this.

_____ 15. This is expressed in amps.

_____ 16. This is the force between two charged objects.

_____ 17. Lightning is an example of this.


_____ 18. What generates electrical energy from chemical energy?

a. cell c. circuit

b. switch d. current

_____ 22. What is the third part of an electric circuit besides the wires and the load?

a. force c. current

b. voltage d. energy source

_____ 23. What is a switch that automatically opens if the current is too high?

a. fuse c. circuit breaker

b. conductor d. insulator

Match each drawing to the correct term. Write the letter of the correct answer in the space pro-

vided.

_____ 24. parallel circuit

_____ 25. series circuit

a. resistance

b. electrical conductor

c. friction

d. voltage

e. electric discharge

f. electric current

g. electric force

h. electric field

i. static electricity

j. thermocouple

Examine the diagram below and answer the question that follows.

19. If one bulb in this circuit burns out, how will the other bulb be affected? Explain your answer.

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________



electric current series circuit electrical insulators

electric power electrical voltage

static electricity

1. Plastic, glass, wood, and air are examples of good .______________________

2. Electrons moving in a wire make up ______________________ and provide energy to the things

that you use each day.

3. Burglar alarms are best wired using a(n) ______________________.

4. When the voltage is in volts and the current is in amperes, ______________________ is expressed

in watts.

5. When your clothes come out of the dryer stuck together, they are full of

______________________.

Use the picture below to answer question 1

_____ 1. The figure above shows a negatively charged plastic comb picking up pieces of uncharged

tissue paper. Determine the best explanation for why this might happen.

A. Electrons are transferred from the comb to the tissue paper due to friction.

B. The comb induces a positive charge on the surface of the tissue paper.

C. Electrons move from the comb to the tissue paper by direct contact.

D. The tissue paper becomes negatively charged by conduction.

_____ 2. How is electrical energy similar to heat energy?

A. Electricity and heat are the result of moving electrons.

B. Electricity and heat can be converted into other forms of energy.

C. Electricity and heat can travel through just space.

D. Electricity and heat cannot be converted into other forms of energy.

_ __ 3.How should Pedro wire four bulbs in a circuit so that all the bulbs shine as brightly as possible?

A. wire all four bulbs in series

B. wire two bulbs in parallel and the other two bulbs in series

C. wire three bulbs in parallel and the other bulb in series

D. wire all four bulbs in parallel

_____ 4. Using batteries in a portable stereo at the lake involves which energy conversions?

A. kinetic energy into electrical energy into sound energy

B. chemical energy into electrical energy into sound energy

C. electrical energy into sound energy into kinetic energy

D. sound energy into chemical energy into electrical energy

_____ 5. When Andre plugs his stereo into the same outlet as the television and lamp, all three

won’t work. What is the most likely hypothesis for what happened?

A. The circuit was overloaded and the circuit breaker opened.

B. The circuit was overloaded and the circuit breaker closed.

C. The stereo and lamp had incompatible electrical systems.

D. The stereo’s electrical cord was faulty.

_____ 9. Suki can have all five appliances in her kitchen on at the same time or she can have each

appliance on one at a time. How are the appliances in Suki’s kitchen wired?

A. in a voltage circuit

B. in a direct current circuit

C. in a parallel circuit

D. in a series circuit

_____ 10. Which of the following wires will have the least amount of resistance?

A. a short, thick copper wire

B. a short, thick iron wire

C. a long, thin copper wire

D. a long, thick iron wire

semana 1 - unidad educativa monte tabor-nazaret · estudiantes que han obtenido una nota inferior a...

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