scheme curs fitopatologie

8/9/2019 SCHEME CURS Fitopatologie

1/49

U.S.A.M.V. CLUJ-NAPOCAU.S.A.M.V. CLUJ-NAPOCAFITOPATOLOGIEFITOPATOLOGIE

FitopatologieFitopatologie ==PatologiePatologievegetalvegetal = Fitomei!i" = Fitomei!i"-- #tii"$ !omple%& !a'e (t)ia* 'ela$iile !e (e (ta+ile(! ,"t'e age"$ii#tii"$ !omple%& !a'e (t)ia* 'ela$iile !e (e (ta+ile(! ,"t'e age"$ii

itopatoge"i #i pla"tele ga*& ," (t'"( !o'ela$ie !) a!to'ii mei)l)iitopatoge"i #i pla"tele ga*& ," (t'"( !o'ela$ie !) a!to'ii mei)l)iam+ia"tam+ia"t

SU/0AMU0I1SU/0AMU0I1a2 )p p'o+lemati!a a+o'at1a2 )p p'o+lemati!a a+o'at1

- e!ologia- e!ologia- etiologia- etiologia

- patog'aia- patog'aia

- patoge"ia- patoge"ia- p'oila%ia- p'oila%ia- te'apia- te'apia

+2+2)pa "at)'a age"$ilo' patoge"i1)pa "at)'a age"$ilo' patoge"i1- itovi'ologia- itovi'ologia

- ito+a!te'iologia- ito+a!te'iologia- mi!ologia- mi!ologia


2/49

PLANTAPLANTAGAGA3453456O0326O032

AGENTULAGENTULFITOPATOGENFITOPATOGEN(RHYNCHOSPORIUM SECALIS)(RHYNCHOSPORIUM SECALIS)

ME4IULPATOSISTEMULPATOSISTEMUL7 A/O04A0E SISTEMIC57 A/O04A0E SISTEMIC5



3/49

MO4ELUL CULTU0II O03ULUIMO4ELUL CULTU0II O03ULUI

MATU0ITATEMATU0ITATE /O/ GE0MINAT/O/ GE0MINAT

PLANTUPLANTU88EEP90G5P90G5

LAPTE CEA05LAPTE CEA05

::NSPICA0ENSPICA0E /U04UF/U04UF

:MP5IE0E:MP5IE0E

:NF058I0E:NF058I0E

/O//O/


OUTPUT - FA3ELE 4EOUTPUT - FA3ELE 4ESENSI/ILITATE MA;IM5SENSI/ILITATE MA;IM5


4/49

MO4ELULMO4ELUL CIUPE0CIICIUPE0CIIRHYNCHOSPORIUM SECALISRHYNCHOSPORIUM SECALIS6(i"teti!26(i"teti!2

MICELIU 4EMICELIU 4E0E3ISTEN850E3ISTEN85

LE3IUNILE3IUNI 66SIMPTOME2SIMPTOME2&&F0UCTIFICA0EF0UCTIFICA0E

ACTIVA0E MICELIU&ACTIVA0E MICELIU&4E3VOLTA0E&4E3VOLTA0E& F0UCTIFICA0EF0UCTIFICA0E

INCU/A8IEINCU/A8IE

INFEC8IEINFEC8IE SPO0I PE PLANT5SPO0I PE PLANT56CONTAMINA0E26CONTAMINA0E2

SPO0I GE0MINA8ISPO0I GE0MINA8I

4ISEMINA0E4ISEMINA0E

SPO0ISPO0I6CONI4II26CONI4II2


OUTPUT 7 FA3ELE 4EOUTPUT 7 FA3ELE 4EVI0ULEN85 MA;IM5VI0ULEN85 MA;IM5


5/49

MO4ELULMO4ELULVECTO0ILO0VECTO0ILO0 MO4ELULMO4ELULTE


6/49


4EFINI8IA /OLII14EFINI8IA /OLII1o'i!e t)l+)'a'e !e (e pet'e!e ," )"!$iile #i (t')!t)'a )")io'i!e t)l+)'a'e !e (e pet'e!e ," )"!$iile #i (t')!t)'a )")i

o'ga"i(mo'ga"i(mvegetalvegetal& !e (e ma"ie(t p'i" moii!'i +io!>imi!e& !e (e ma"ie(t p'i" moii!'i +io!>imi!e#i i*iologi!e& )'mate e moii!'i a"atomi!e& mo'ologi!ei i*iologi!e& )'mate e moii!'i a"atomi!e& mo'ologi!e&>i(tologi!e #i !itologi!e?>i(tologi!e #i !itologi!e?


7/49

ETIOLOGIA /OLILO0 PLANTELO0ETIOLOGIA /OLILO0 PLANTELO0

CAU3ECAU3E

EN4OGENE E;OGENEE;OGENE

/IOTICE/IOTICE6INFEC8IOASE26INFEC8IOASE2

A/IOTICE6NEINFEC8IOASE2

Fa!to'i !limati!iFa!to'i !limati!iFa!to'i peologi!iFa!to'i peologi!iFa!to'i pol)a"$iFa!to'i pol)a"$i

Vi')()'iVi')()'iMi!opla(mMi!opla(mee/a!te'i/a!te'iiiCi)pe'!iCi)pe'!iet!et!

4E0EGL50I4E0EGL50I

GENETICEGENETICE

/OLI/OLI

FI3IOLOGICEFI3IOLOGICE

/OLI/OLI

PA0A3ITA0EPA0A3ITA0E


8/49

CAUCAU3E E;OGENE A/IOTICE3E E;OGENE A/IOTICE

@. FACTO0I CLIMATICI@. FACTO0I CLIMATICI

-Tempe'at)'a1 ,"g>e$& a'#i$Tempe'at)'a1 ,"g>e$& a'#i$-Umiitatea1 e%!e(& (e!etUmiitatea1 e%!e(& (e!et

-V"t)lV"t)l-A!!ie"te !limati!e1 g'i"i"& t'("eteA!!ie"te !limati!e1 g'i"i"& t'("ete

. FACTO0I PE4OLOGICI. FACTO0I PE4OLOGICI

-4e*e!>ili+'e e ")t'i$ie1 !a'e"$& e%!e(4e*e!>ili+'e e ")t'i$ie1 !a'e"$& e%!e(-p


9/49

FACTO0I CLIMATICIFACTO0I CLIMATICITEMPE0ATU0ATEMPE0ATU0A

1. MINIM TERMIC

-stagnarea n cretere a plantelor;-stagnarea n cretere a plantelor;

-nglbenirea parial a frn!elori plantelor;-nglbenirea parial a frn!elori plantelor;-c"erea frn!elor tinere i a florilor-c"erea frn!elor tinere i a florilor-for#area tlpinilor florifere n pri#l an$ la plantele-for#area tlpinilor florifere n pri#l an$ la plantele

bienele etc.bienele etc.

%. T& sb '&C

-nnegrirea #grilor;-nnegrirea #grilor;

-ofilirea lstarilor;-ofilirea lstarilor;-nglbenire i ofilirea frn!elor;-nglbenire i ofilirea frn!elor;-pieirea plantelor etc.-pieirea plantelor etc.

(. )ER*RI

-pieirea #grilor;-pieirea #grilor;-necro!a ca#bili-necro!a ca#bilille!ini canceroase i srgerie!ini canceroase i srgeri

"e go#e;"e go#e;-crptri longit"inale sa se#icirclarepe trnc+i-crptri longit"inale sa se#icirclarepe trnc+i

i coar"e etc.i coar"e etc.


10/49

FACTO0I CLIMATICIFACTO0I CLIMATICITEMPE0ATU0ATEMPE0ATU0A

,. MIM TERMIC

-legarea slab a florilor;-c"erea pre#atr a florilor i frn!elor;-for#area "e ae la pstile "e fasole;-ntrirea boabelor "e #a!re pentr cons#

proaspt etc.

/. 0 MIM TERMIC -apopleie la cl"r...


11/49

FACTO0I CLIMATICIFACTO0I CLIMATICIUMI4ITATEAUMI4ITATEA

1. ECE2

-asfiierea r"cinilor;

-for#area nor t#ori apoaselignificate;

%. 3E4ICIT

(. 5TERNN67

ECE2-3E4ICIT

-ofilire re8ersibil sa ire8ersibil;-it8irea boabelor "e cereale;

-lignificarea r"cinoaselor;-ptre!irea prilor apicale a leg#elor.

-crparea r"cinilor la leg#ele r"cinoase;

-crparea cp9nilor "e 8ar! etc.


12/49

CAUCAU3E E;OGENE /IOTICE3E E;OGENE /IOTICE

Vi')()'iVi')()'i

Mi!opla(meMi!opla(me0iettii0iettii/a!te'ii/a!te'iiCi)pe'!iCi)pe'!i

A"toite pa'a*iteA"toite pa'a*iteLi!>e"iLi!>e"iAlgeAlgeFlagelateFlagelate

VI0O3EVI0O3E

MICOPLASMO3EMICOPLASMO3E0IC


13/49

CA0ACTE0UL /OLILO0 INFEC8IOASECA0ACTE0UL /OLILO0 INFEC8IOASE

- e8olia procesli patologic:-acte-cronice

- 8ite!a "e propagare i !ona "e #anifestare:-epifitii-en"e#ii

- organe atacate:-locali!ate-generali!ate

- sta"il "e "e!8oltare a plantelor:-boli ale plntelor-boli ale plantelor "e!8oltate

-boli ale plantelor n "eclin

5


14/49

P0OCESUL 4E PATOGENE35P0OCESUL 4E PATOGENE35A /OLILO0 INFEC8IOASEA /OLILO0 INFEC8IOASE

@. CONTAMINA0E@. CONTAMINA0EAA

. INFEC8IA. INFEC8IA

B. INCU/A8IAB. INCU/A8IA

D. MANIFESTA0EA /OLIID. MANIFESTA0EA /OLII


15/49

P0OCESUL 4E PATOGENE35 A /OLILO0 INFEC8IOASEP0OCESUL 4E PATOGENE35 A /OLILO0 INFEC8IOASE

..INFEC8IAINFEC8IAPt')"e'ea age"$ilo' itopatoge"i ," pla"ta ga*Pt')"e'ea age"$ilo' itopatoge"i ," pla"ta ga*#i#i

(ta+ili'ea p'imelo' 'ela$ii e pa'a*iti(m(ta+ili'ea p'imelo' 'ela$ii e pa'a*iti(m

vi')()'ivi')()'i- !o"ta!t i'e!t& altoi'e& l)!''i ag'oitote>"i!e& i"o!)la'e- !o"ta!t i'e!t& altoi'e& l)!''i ag'oitote>"i!e& i"o!)la'e p'i" i"(e!te& *oo(po'ii )"o' !i)pe'!ip'i" i"(e!te& *oo(po'ii )"o' !i)pe'!i

+a!te'ii+a!te'ii!i)pe'!i!i)pe'!i

- e(!>ie'i "at)'ale 6(tomate&>iatoe& le"ti!ele2& le*i)"i- e(!>ie'i "at)'ale 6(tomate&>iatoe& le"ti!ele2& le*i)"i a!!ie"tale 6l)!''i e ,"g'ii'e& g'i"i"& ata! ea!!ie"tale 6l)!''i e ,"g'ii'e& g'i"i"& ata! e )"to'i2& (t'p)"ge'ea a!tiv a $e()t)'ilo'.)"to'i2& (t'p)"ge'ea a!tiv a $e()t)'ilo'.

@[email protected]

Sta+ili'ea !o"ta!t)l)i age"$ilo' itopatoge"i !) pa"ta ga*Sta+ili'ea !o"ta!t)l)i age"$ilo' itopatoge"i !) pa"ta ga*


16/49

P0OCESUL 4E PATOGENE35 A /OLILO0 INFEC8IOASEP0OCESUL 4E PATOGENE35 A /OLILO0 INFEC8IOASEB.B.INCU/A8IAINCU/A8IA

Pe'ioaa i"t'e i"e!$ie #i apa'i$ia p'imelo' (imptome #i (ta+ili'eaPe'ioaa i"t'e i"e!$ie #i apa'i$ia p'imelo' (imptome #i (ta+ili'ea'ela$iilo' (pe!ii!e'ela$iilo' (pe!ii!ee pa'a*iti(me pa'a*iti(m

vi')()'ivi')()'i

+a!te'ii+a!te'ii

-m)ltipli!a'e #i mig'a'e i" !el)l ," !el)l p'i" pla(moe(me-m)ltipli!a'e #i mig'a'e i" !el)l ," !el)l p'i" pla(moe(me-(e e*volt i"t'a!el)la'-(e e*volt i"t'a!el)la'-i"e!$ie (i(temi!-i"e!$ie (i(temi!-)'ata1 B- *ile-)'ata1 B- *ile -B a"i.-B a"i.

-,"m)l$i'e p'i" ivi*i)"e i'e!t-,"m)l$i'e p'i" ivi*i)"e i'e!t-(e e*volt i"te'e!el)la'&mai 'a' i"t'a!el)la'-(e e*volt i"te'e!el)la'&mai 'a' i"t'a!el)la'-e*volta'e lo!al (a) (i(temi!-e*volta'e lo!al (a) (i(temi!-)'at1 B-H *ile.-)'at1 B-H *ile.

!i)pe'!i!i)pe'!i

-e*volt mi!eli)l i"t'a!el)la'& i"-e*volt mi!eli)l i"t'a!el)la'& i"tte'!el)la' (a) epiite'!el)la' (a) epiit-mi!eli)1-mi!eli)1

-e*volta'e lo!al (a) (i(temi!-e*volta'e lo!al (a) (i(temi!-)'ata1 - *ile-)'ata1 - *ile @ a".@ a".

-e"oit-e"oit e"opa'a*itee"opa'a*ite-epiit-epiit e!topa'a*itee!topa'a*ite->emie"oit->emie"oit e!to-e"opa'a*itee!to-e"opa'a*ite


17/49

P0OCESUL 4E PATOGENE35 A /OLILO0 INFEC8IOASEP0OCESUL 4E PATOGENE35 A /OLILO0 INFEC8IOASE

D.D.MANIFESTA0EA /OLIIMANIFESTA0EA /OLII

vi')()'ivi')()'i

+a!te'ii+a!te'ii

!i)pe'!i!i)pe'!i

-t'e!e'e t'eptat.-t'e!e'e t'eptat.

Apa'i$ia (imptomelo' (pe!ii!e e +oal.Apa'i$ia (imptomelo' (pe!ii!e e +oal.

-(imptome tipi!e e%)at +a!te'ia".-(imptome tipi!e e%)at +a!te'ia".

-(imptome tipi!e ')!tii!a$ii.-(imptome tipi!e ')!tii!a$ii.

5 :5 :


18/49

MO4IFIC50I :N0EGIST0ATE PE PA0CU0SULMO4IFIC50I :N0EGIST0ATE PE PA0CU0SULP0OCESULUI 4E PATOGENE35P0OCESULUI 4E PATOGENE35

LA PLANTELA PLANTE@. MO4IFIC50I :N COMPO3I8IA Ci'a$i e !a'+o"1(!ae (a) !'e#te(!ae (a) !'e#te-!o"$i")t)l ," ()+(ta"$e p'otei!e1-!o"$i")t)l ," ()+(ta"$e p'otei!e1(!ae(!ae-!o"$i")t)l ," ()+(ta"$e g'a(e1-!o"$i")t)l ," ()+(ta"$e g'a(e1 !'e#te!'e#te

-+io!atali*ato'ii1-+io!atali*ato'ii1 i(t'i+)$ie i"egal a ()+(ta"$elo' e !'e#te'ei(t'i+)$ie i"egal a ()+(ta"$elo' e !'e#te'e-p'o!e(ele e"*imati!e1-p'o!e(ele e"*imati!e1 (e i"te"(ii!.(e i"te"(ii!.

. MO4IFIC50I :N P0OCESELE FI3IOLOGICE1. MO4IFIC50I :N P0OCESELE FI3IOLOGICE1-oto(i"te*a1-oto(i"te*a1 (!ae(!ae-'e(pi'a$ia1-'e(pi'a$ia1 (e i"te"(ii!(e i"te"(ii!

-t'a"(pi'a$ia1-t'a"(pi'a$ia1 (!ae (a) !'e#te(!ae (a) !'e#te-tempe'at)'a1-tempe'at)'a1 !'e#te.!'e#te.

B. MO4IFIC50I CITOLOGICE1B. MO4IFIC50I CITOLOGICE1-mem+'a"a !el)la'-mem+'a"a !el)la'-!itopla(ma-!itopla(ma

-")!le)l-")!le)l


19/49

D.D. MO4IFICMO4IFICA0I ANATOMO-MO0FOLOGICEA0I ANATOMO-MO0FOLOGICE

a2 >ipe't'oii (a) >ipe'pla*ii 7a2 >ipe't'oii (a) >ipe'pla*ii 7+istoi"e i organoi"e+istoi"e i organoi"e (Taphrina pruni, T. instititiae)(Taphrina pruni, T. instititiae) -'!i"i 7 >e'"ia '!i"ilo' e va'* 7-'!i"i 7 >e'"ia '!i"ilo' e va'* 7 Plas!"i!ph!ra #rassi$ae%Plas!"i!ph!ra #rassi$ae%

-t)lpi"i 7 !a"!e')l pomilo' 7-t)lpi"i 7 !a"!e')l pomilo' 7 A&r!#a$teriu tue'a$iens%A&r!#a$teriu tue'a$iens%-')"*e 7 +#i!a'ea ')"*elo' e pie'(i! 7-')"*e 7 +#i!a'ea ')"*elo' e pie'(i! 7 Taphrina "e'!rans%Taphrina "e'!rans%

-')!te 7 >)'l)pii 7-')!te 7 >)'l)pii 7 Taphrina pruni.Taphrina pruni.+2 at'oii (a) >ipopla*ii+2 at'oii (a) >ipopla*ii (Taphrina pruni)(Taphrina pruni)

!2 oili'ea!2 oili'ea (C!rne#a$teriu i$hi&anense)(C!rne#a$teriu i$hi&anense)2 4e!olo'a'ea (a) !lo'o*a 6vi')()l mo*ai!)l)i m')l)i22 4e!olo'a'ea (a) !lo'o*a 6vi')()l mo*ai!)l)i m')l)i2e2 Pete !olo'atee2 Pete !olo'ate (P!lsti&a ru#ru)(P!lsti&a ru#ru)2 Ne!'o*a (a) a'()'a2 Ne!'o*a (a) a'()'a (anth!!nas phase!li)(anth!!nas phase!li)g2 Ci)')i'ea ')"*elo'g2 Ci)')i'ea ')"*elo' (C!rrneu #ei*erin$+i)(C!rrneu #ei*erin$+i)

>2 P)t'egai)l 7 )me #i )(!at>2 P)t'egai)l 7 )me #i )(!at (Erinia $ar!t!-!ra, usariu s!lani)(Erinia $ar!t!-!ra, usariu s!lani)i2 4i(t')ge'ea pa'$ial (a) total a o'ga"elo' ata!atei2 4i(t')ge'ea pa'$ial (a) total a o'ga"elo' ata!ate (Ustila&! nu"a)(Ustila&! nu"a)2 I"lo!)i'ea o'ga"elo' !) altele& !) (t')!t)' eo(e+it2 I"lo!)i'ea o'ga"elo' !) altele& !) (t')!t)' eo(e+it (Cla-i$eps purpurea)(Cla-i$eps purpurea)2 Ce'ea o'ga"elo' 6vi')()l pl)m-po%22 Ce'ea o'ga"elo' 6vi')()l pl)m-po%2l2 Moii!a'ea >a+it)()l)i pla"teil2 Moii!a'ea >a+it)()l)i pla"tei (P!rtulu$a !lera$ea / Cs!pus p!rtulu$ae)(P!rtulu$a !lera$ea / Cs!pus p!rtulu$ae)


20/49

PATOG0AFIA P0INCIPALELO0PATOG0AFIA P0INCIPALELO0/OLI INFEC8IOASE/OLI INFEC8IOASE

Vi'o*e 7 mo*ai!& piti!i'e& ,"gl+e"i'e& eo'ma'e& v'(at 6vi'o*ele late"te 7Vi'o*e 7 mo*ai!& piti!i'e& ,"gl+e"i'e& eo'ma'e& v'(at 6vi'o*ele late"te 7 epi"a(tii& e!li"& (te'ilitate2 et!.epi"a(tii& e!li"& (te'ilitate2 et!.

Mi!opla(mo*ele 7 piti!i'e& e!olo'a'e& (te'ilitate& p'olie'a'e& vi'e(!e"$&Mi!opla(mo*ele 7 piti!i'e& e!olo'a'e& (te'ilitate& p'olie'a'e& vi'e(!e"$&iloie& malo'ma$ii et!.iloie& malo'ma$ii et!.

/a!te'io*ele 7 oili'e& pta'e& "e!'o*& p)t'egai )me& >ipe't'oii 6!a"!e'2 et!./a!te'io*ele 7 oili'e& pta'e& "e!'o*& p)t'egai )me& >ipe't'oii 6!a"!e'2 et!.

Mi!o*ele 7 !a"!e'& >e'"ie 6!l.Mi!o*ele 7 !a"!e'& >e'"ie 6!l. Chtri"i!$etes 0i PlChtri"i!$etes 0i Plaas!"i!ph!r!$etess!"i!ph!r!$etes22 - ma"& !e'ea pl"t)$elo'& m)!egai 6!l.- ma"& !e'ea pl"t)$elo'& m)!egai 6!l. Ph$!$etesPh$!$etes22

- pta'e1 a"t'a!"o*& alte'"a'io*& !e'!o(po'io*& (epto'io*&- pta'e1 a"t'a!"o*& alte'"a'io*& !e'!o(po'io*& (epto'io*&

>elimi"to(po'io*& i"a'e& )ma"gi"& )*a'io*& mo"ilio*&>elimi"to(po'io*& i"a'e& )ma"gi"& )*a'io*& mo"ilio*&p)t'egai& >ipe't'oii& at'oii& !i)')i'e 6()+,"!'.p)t'egai& >ipe't'oii& at'oii& !i)')i'e 6()+,"!'. As$!$!tinaAs$!$!tina#i#i1euter!$!tina1euter!$!tina22

- ml)'& t!i)"e& ')gi" 6()+,"!'.- ml)'& t!i)"e& ')gi" 6()+,"!'.2asi"i!$!tina2asi"i!$!tina2.2.


21/49

MO4UL 4E NUT0IMO4UL 4E NUT0I8IE8IEAL O0GANISMELO0 VEGETALEAL O0GANISMELO0 VEGETALE

O0GANISMEO0GANISME

VEGETALEVEGETALE

AUTOT0OFEAUTOT0OFE


22/49

EVOLU8IAEVOLU8IA PA0A3ITISMULUIPA0A3ITISMULUILA CIUPE0CILA CIUPE0CI

SAP0OFI8ISAP0OFI8IFACULTATIVIFACULTATIVI

PA0A3I8IPA0A3I8I

O/LIGA8IO/LIGA8I

=A0A3I8IA0A3I8IFACULTATIVIFACULTATIVI

CIUPE0CICIUPE0CISAP0OFITESAP0OFITE

SSII

MM//IIOO33

55


23/49

TIPU0I 4E SIM/IO35 KI MICO0I3ETIPU0I 4E SIM/IO35 KI MICO0I3E

SIM/IO3ASIM/IO3A--m)t)ali(mm)t)ali(m--!ome"(ali(m!ome"(ali(m

MICO0I3AMICO0I3A-pe'it'o-pe'it'o-e!tot'o-e!tot'o-e"ot'o-e"ot'o-e!to-e"ot'o-e!to-e"ot'o

INSUKI0ILE PA0A3ITA0E ALEINSUKI0ILE PA0A3ITA0E ALE


24/49

INSUKI0ILE PA0A3ITA0E ALEINSUKI0ILE PA0A3ITA0E ALEAGEN8ILO0 FITOPATOGENIAGEN8ILO0 FITOPATOGENI

@. AFINITATEA@. AFINITATEA. PATOGENITATEA. PATOGENITATEA

B. VI0ULEN8AB. VI0ULEN8AD. AG0ESIVITATEAD. AG0ESIVITATEA

. CAPACITATEA 4E A SEC0ETA EN3IME KI TO;INE1. CAPACITATEA 4E A SEC0ETA EN3IME KI TO;INE1

age"$i itopatoge"i1 -mo"oagi -oligoagi -poliagi.

EN3IME1EN3IME1

e%oe"*ime1e%oe"*ime1->i'ola*a& amila*a& malta*a& pe!ti"a*a& !ito*a&->i'ola*a& amila*a& malta*a& pe!ti"a*a& !ito*a& lipa*a et!.lipa*a et!.e"oe"*ime1e"oe"*ime1-o%ia*e& 'e)!ta*e& !atala*e et!.-o%ia*e& 'e)!ta*e& !atala*e et!.

e%oto%i"e1e%oto%i"e1

e"oto%i"e1e"oto%i"e1TO;INE1TO;INE1

-!o"$i"1 a!i*i o'ga"i!i& al!ool etili!& pigme"$i&-!o"$i"1 a!i*i o'ga"i!i& al!ool etili!& pigme"$i& amo"ia!& )'ee& poli*a>a'ie& al!aloi*i&amo"ia!& )'ee& poli*a>a'ie& al!aloi*i& g'(imi et!.g'(imi et!.

-Patoto%i"ePatoto%i"e

-To%i"e alime"ta'eTo%i"e alime"ta'e

FACTO0I CA0E INFLUEN8EA35FACTO0I CA0E INFLUEN8EA35


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FACTO0I CA0E INFLUEN8EA35FACTO0I CA0E INFLUEN8EA35P0OP0IET58ILE PA0A3ITA0EP0OP0IET58ILE PA0A3ITA0EALEALE

AGENTILO0 FITOPATOGENIAGENTILO0 FITOPATOGENI

A. FACTO0I INTE0NI1A. FACTO0I INTE0NI1

/. FACTO0I E;TE0NI1/. FACTO0I E;TE0NI1

-(e%)l-(e%)l-a*a ")!lea'-a*a ")!lea'-'a(e i*iologi!e-'a(e i*iologi!e-(a'!i"a i"e!$ioa(-(a'!i"a i"e!$ioa(

-'egim)l e ")t'i$ie-'egim)l e ")t'i$ie-i"l)e"$a pla"tei-ga*-i"l)e"$a pla"tei-ga*-i"l)e"$a tempe'at)'ii-i"l)e"$a tempe'at)'ii-i"l)e"$a )miit$ii-i"l)e"$a )miit$ii

-'ea!$ia (ol)l)i-'ea!$ia (ol)l)i


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P0OPAGA0EA AGEN8ILO0P0OPAGA0EA AGEN8ILO0FITOPATOGENIFITOPATOGENI

@. T0ANSMITE0E 4I0ECT5@. T0ANSMITE0E 4I0ECT5

. T0ANSMITE0E IN4I0ECT5. T0ANSMITE0E IN4I0ECT5

-o'ag"e ge"e'ative1 (m"$a-o'ag"e ge"e'ative1 (m"$a-o'ga"e vegetative1 altoi& +)ta#i& 'i*omi&-o'ga"e vegetative1 altoi& +)ta#i& 'i*omi& t)+e'!)li& +)l+i et!.t)+e'!)li& +)l+i et!.

-ap-ap >i'o!>o'i>i'o!>o'i-(ol-(ol peo!>o'ipeo!>o'i-v"t-v"t a"emo!>o'ia"emo!>o'i-v"t ap-v"t ap a"emo>i'o!>o'ia"emo>i'o!>o'i-a"imale-a"imale *oo!>o'i*oo!>o'i

-om-om a"t'opo!>o'ia"t'opo!>o'i


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0EAC8IA PLANTELO0 LA ATACUL0EAC8IA PLANTELO0 LA ATACULAGEN8ILO0 FITOPATOGENIAGEN8ILO0 FITOPATOGENI

0EAC8IA 4E0EAC8IA 4E

IMUNITATEIMUNITATE

0E3ISTEN850E3ISTEN85

TOLE0AN85TOLE0AN85


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C0ITE0II 4E 4ETE0MINA0E A G0A4ULUI 4EC0ITE0II 4E 4ETE0MINA0E A G0A4ULUI 4E0E3ISTEN85 A PLANTELO0 LA /OLI0E3ISTEN85 A PLANTELO0 LA /OLI

-aspectl reaciei plantei fa "e agentl fitopatogen;

-ni8ell "e "e!8oltare i frctificare a agenilor fitopatogeni;

-gra"l "e 8t#are a plantei ga!";

-pagbele nregistrate "e planta atacat.

=RE>ENIRE ?I C


29/49

=RE>ENIRE ?I C


30/49

M72*RI


31/49

M72*RI 3E I)IEN7 4IT


32/49

M72*RI MECNICE

1. Cirrgia 8egetal;

%. 2ortarea se#inelor;

(. 3ecsctarea.

M72*RI )R


33/49

M72*RI )R


34/49

M72*RI @I


35/49

C


36/49

M5SU0I C


37/49

3EAIN4ECTRE 2EMIN6E5


38/49

3EAIN4ECTRE 2


39/49

3EAIN4ECTRE 2=6II5


40/49

3EAIN4ECTRE R723NI6E5


41/49

SC


42/49

C52I4ICRE )EN6I5


43/49

CRCTERE5E )ENER5E5E CI*=ERCI5E)ETTI>


44/49

I. =RT*5 >E)ETTI>

2bncreng. M2TI)


45/49

II. TI=*RI 3E @


46/49

III. 1. NM*56IRE 2E*T7

s.ncr.Mastigomycotina: - !oosporin !oosporangeF+olocarpicG - sporangiosporin sporange - coni"ii falsesa a"e8ratepe coni"iofori

s.ncr.Ascomycotina: - coni"ii"e tip +ifal$ #elanconiali sferopsi"al

s.ncr.Basidimycotina: -basi"iosporisa spore"ii nbasi"ii - picnospori npicni"ii

s.ncr.Deuteromycotina: - coni"ii"e tip +ifal$ #elanconiali sferopsi"alpe coni"iofori

III % NM*56IRE 2E*T7


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III. %. NM*56IRE 2E*T7

s.ncr.Mastigomycotina: - ga#etoga#ie !igo!oospor - i!oga#etangioga#ie !igospor

- +eteroga#etangioga#ie Fooga#ieG oospor

s.ncr.Ascomycotina:- +eteroga#etangioga#ie Fascoga#ieG ascospor- so#atoga#ie ascospor

for#area ascelor: - liber - n ascofrcte: - peritecii "e tip: - cleistocarp - ascoloclar

- asco+i#enial - apotecii- sesile

- pe"nclate

s.ncr.Basidimycotina: - so#atoga#ie basi"ia

s.ncr.Deuteromycotina: - NU A0E- NU A0E

III ( NM*56IRE >E)ETTI>7


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III. (. NM*56IRE >E)ETTI>7

s.ncr.Ascomycotina: - n#grire- frag#ente "e #iceli- scleroi

s.ncr.Deuteromycotina: - n#grire - frag#ente "e #iceli - scleroi

III


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III.

scheme curs fitopatologie

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