prueba practica ingles oposiciones secundaria

7/23/2019 Prueba Practica Ingles Oposiciones Secundaria

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ANÁLISIS DE TEXTO



Análisis de texto

3INGLÉS

1 ECLIPSEbyStephenieMeyer

ECLIPSE

Twilight Book 3

Stephenie MeyerULTIMATUM

Charlie shrugged. “There’s no law that says I can’t cook in my own house.”

“You would know,” I replied, grinning as I eyed the badge pinned to his leather

jacket.

“Ha. Good one.” He shrugged out of the jacket as if my glance had remindedhim he still had it on, and hung it on the peg reserved for his gear. His gun belt

was already slung in place — he hadn’t felt the need to wear that to the station

for a few weeks. There had been no more disturbing disappearances to trouble

the small town of Forks, Washington, no more sightings of the giant, mysterious

wolves in the ever-rainy woods. . . .

I prodded the noodles in silence, guessing that Charlie would get around to

talking about whatever was bothering him in his own time. My dad was not a

man of many words, and the effort he had put into trying to orchestrate a sit-

down dinner with me made it clear there were an uncharacteristic number of

words on his mind.

I glanced at the clock routinely — something I did every few minutes around

this time. Less than a half hour to go now.

Afternoons were the hardest part of my day. Ever since my former best friend

(and werewolf), Jacob Black, had informed on me about the motorcycle

I’d been riding on the sly — a betrayal he had devised in order to get me

grounded so that I couldn’t spend time with my boyfriend (and vampire),

Edward Cullen — Edward had been allowed to see me only from seven till nine-

thirty p.m., always inside the confines of my home and under the supervision of

my dad’s unfailingly crabby glare.

This was an escalation from the previous, slightly less stringent

grounding that I’d earned for an unexplained three-daydisappearance and one episode of cliff diving.

Of course, I still saw Edward at school, because there

wasn’t anything Charlie could do about that.

And then, Edward spent almost

every night in my room, too,

but Charlie wasn’t precisely

aware of that. Edward’s

ability to climb easily and

silently through my second-

story window was almost as

useful as his ability to read

Charlie’s mind.



Análisis de texto

4 INGLÉS

Though the afternoon was the only time I spent away from Edward, it was

enough to make me restless, and the hours always dragged. Still, I endured my

punishment without complaining because — for one thing — I knew I’d earned

it, and — for another — because I couldn’t bear to hurt my dad by moving outnow, when a much more permanent separation hovered, invisible to Charlie, so

close on my horizon.

Analysis

TYPE OF TEXT AND TEXTUAL GENRE

This text is from the novel Eclipse by Stephenie Meyer. Eclipse was published in 2007 and it isthe third book of the saga Twilight . This saga includes: Twilight (2005), New Moon (2006), Eclipse

(2007), Breaking down (2008). Stephenie Meyer (1973) is an American author, famous for the

four vampire fantasy romanced novels.

This saga is a mixture of fantasy and romanced genres, not to mention the new treatment the

writer gives to vampire stories, this time addressed to teenagers. Fantasy genre used magic

and other supernatural phenomena to develop its stories, and it may take place in imaginary

worlds where magic and magical creatures are common. On the other hand, romanced is a

type of genre that focuses on romantic love between two people, most of the times.

Vampires, wolf men and other kind of fantastic creatures became famous thanks to movies.

Vampires were first horror figures to become in 1992 a romantic figure as well with the film Bram Stoker’s Dracula by Francis Ford Coppola. Stephenie Meyer makes use of this germ to

create a successful saga, using the tragic and tortured undead satanic kind of character who

desperately looks and fights for pure everlasting love.

COMMUNICATIVE FUNCTIONS (PRIMARY AND SECONDARY)

Communication Functions have been mainly theorised by the linguist-literary theorists Karl

Bühler (1879-1963), Roman Jakobson (1896-1982) and Michael Halliday (1925). To develop

our analysis we will focus on the functions given by Jakobson, a pioneer of the structural

analysis of language. Roman Jakobson, influenced by Bükler previous studies known as

“Organon-model”, developed the “Communication Functions”.

We use language with a given intention: giving orders, convincing, transmitting feelings,

sending information… According to these intentions, Jakobson developed some theories,

primary and secondary . Primary theories are referential, emotive and conative because they are

more instinctive and frequent. Secondary Theories are metalingual, phatic and poetic/aesthetic

because greater elaboration is needed.

In every text there is a sender; in this text it is Stephenie Meyer, who is telling the story of

several characters, mythological and human, who are fighting for love in their everyday lives

at high school; her intention is to catch reader’s attention by means of love and the delirium,

and to write about dark extreme topics without such as death, love, and everlasting romance.

Of course, the story is told through the eyes of different characters: a girl, not a common



An á lisis de texto

5INGLÉS

point of view in this kind of literature, a genre that has most of the times being told from a

masculine point of view. The emotive function is centred upon the sender who shows his/her

emotions throughout the text. Here we are sharing Bella Swan experience with some friends

of hers as well as her boyfriend (a vampire), and her father (a human being). The receiver isall those people who, in this case, will read this novel. They are influenced by the message

and supposed to have a good time while reading, sharing the character’s experiences. The

success of the books has increased thanks to the film adaptations of the books. The function

that describes this process and focuses on the receiver is known as conative function. In this

text emotions and facts are expressed focusing Swan’s experiences on the passing of time

(time without her boyfriend). Afternoons (were the hardest part of my day); I glanced at the clock

routinely — something I did every few minutes around this time. Less than a half hour to go now;

so close to my horizon are examples of the expressions that are read in this short extract. There

are not many links, so the use of commas and full stops evokes in the reader subsequent

sensations of sudden and frequent stops, creating a pattern of interruptions in the trainof thoughts of the character. The use of past perfect and past simple, as a means to bring

memories back to the present moment supports this tendency to create a given pattern of

time.

A message is what is being transmitted. Its corresponding function is aesthetic/poetic, the

linguistic construction that has been chosen to produce an effect on the reader. This message

is full of allusions to myths and famous literary works seem to have been taken as a source:

apart from wolf men, vampires and other kind of creatures, we may think that the name of

the main female character, Bella Swan, has not been chosen by chance, since Bella is also the

name of the female character in the tale Beauty and the Best.

To do so we need a code, which is the organized set of units and grammar rules that, beingproperly combined, produce understandable messages. As we can read in this short extract

here proposed, Meyer plays with words more than expected.

Metalingual Function is the checking of the code working. It is essential in our everyday use of

language because it is the function where language explains itself. Language speaks about

language.

There must be a channel that allows communication between sender and receiver. Phatic

Function is about all those resources that help keep an interaction; it is the medium to transmit

a message. In this case a poem-book was the channel ( phatic function) chosen.

Communication is developed within a context. Referential Function is about external issues or

contextual information. The main resources of this function are the deictic elements and we

will speak about them under the title of Stilistic Resources.

STY L ISTIC RES URCES

The narrator is Bella. She is telling her problems with her dad, with Charlie and with Edward.

We share her point of view and emotions. The first five paragraphs tell some incidents that

have taken place with Charlie and the scene is focused on the present moment of Bella,

the narrator. The next four paragraphs pay special attention to her life and feelings during

afternoons, when she is not allowed to see Edward.



An á lisis de texto

6 INGLÉS

W efindseveralfiguresofspeechinthistext.Therearealotofca coph onis,useofw ordsandphrasesthatim plystrong,harshsoundsw ithinthephrase;suchisthecaseofh u ng ,p g,g a r,g u n.Inthisverysam eexam plew efindconsona nc ,repetitionofsoundsinquicksuccession

producedbyconsonants.A llit ra tionisgiveninh a d,h im ,h u ng ,becausethesew ordsareusedinquicksuccessionandbeginw ithlettersthatbelongtothesam esoundgroup.

Pa ra lllstru ctu r sareusedinTh r h a d b nnom or d istu rbing d isa pp a ra nc stotrou blth sm a lltow nofF or ks,Wa sh ing ton ,nom or sig h ting softh g ia nt,m y st riou sw olv sinth v r-ra iny w ood s,creatingashortofm elancholia.Thereisalsoaca su r a inHisg u nb ltw a sa lr a d y slu ng inpla c — h h a d n’tf ltth n d tow a rth a ttoth sta tionfor a f w w ks,thuscreatingafracturew ithinthesentence,w herethetw opartsaredistinguishablefrom one

anotheryetintrinsicallylinkedtooneanother.N ottom entionthed icticr f r nc sthatcrossthetext:a na ph or a (aforw ardexpressionreferstoanearlierexpression)inm y g la nc h a d r m ind d h im h stillh a d iton.Ha d n’tf lth n d tow a rth a ttoth sta tion.

A ccordingtothem entionstheauthorm akesinthetext,thereaderm ayguessthatthenovel,

asthisshortextract,isfullofa nth oporm orph ism (actoflendingahum anquaity,em otionor

am bitiontoanon-hum anobjectorbeing),a rch ty p s(w hichisthereferencetoaconcept,apersonoranobjectthathasservedasaprototypeofitskyndandistheoriginalideathathas

com etobeusedoverandoveragain)andevenbibliom a ny (findsitsrootsinbiblicalorigins).D uetothetopicthenovelandthisextractdevelop,referencestotheinterpretationsgivento

thefigureofvam pireshouldbeappliedtothisparticularcase,suchasthatofthefallenangel,

am ustinallreligionsthroughoutthew orld.Thisnon-hum anbeingcreaturesaregivenhum an

qualities,speciallyduringrecenttim esandinw esternculture.

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