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TRANSCRIPT
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LOSE LESS, FEED MORE
www.plantwise.org
Production of Christophene in
The orthern Range.
Sur!e" results.
Aldo Hanel, Plantwise Intern Naitram Ramnanan, CABI Regional
RepresentativeDr. Govind Seepersad, UWI
Dr. Saravana!mar D!raisam", UWI
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&. Far' si(e
n average, C#ristop#ene $arm si/e is 0.&* a+res,ranging $rom &.12 to * a+res.
Being a la'o!r intensive +rop,smaller $arms are more+ommon aro!nd t#e world,in+l!ding ma3or prod!+ers
lie Costa Ri+a and 4e-i+o.
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). *grono'ic Practices).#. Planting
Some diversit" o$ varieties lo+all" '!t are not named.
All $armers !se t#eir own seeds to +ontin!o!sl" growt#e +rop.
Some $armers reported t#at #ave set !p new $ields$rom seeds o'tained $rom ot#er $armers.
+enerall" there is no specific ti'e of the "ear forplanting or replanting Christophene.
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).&. Fertili(ing
5)6 o$ t#e $armers appl" inorgani+ $ertili/ers.
Ranging $rom 7 to 2 appli+ations per "ear, at ro!tine
intervals.
ne appli+ation o$ $ertili/er taesan average o$ 0.2 man8#o!rs.
4ost !sed $ertili/ers and $orm!las!sed in+l!des( )19)19):;1, Urea,)09)091) and C#i+en man!re.
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).). -se of Pesticides
2&6 o$ t#e $armers +!rrentl" appl" pesti+idesin+l!sive o$ inse+ti+ides, $!ngi+ides and #er'i+ides.
Average appli+ation time o$ one prod!+t is ).0man8#o!rs8a+re
4ost +ited prod!+ts in+l!de( Gramo-one, Para
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/0 of the far'ers irrigate their
fields.
Water so!r+e is :56 r!nning waterand 1)6 stored water.
110 of the far'ers use
sprin2lers.
3rrigation ta2es place an a!erageof 4.4 ti'es5wee2.
Average la'o!r involved wit#irrigation o$ 1 man8#o!rs.
).4. 3rrigation
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706 o$ t#e $armers !ses $r!itpi+ers.
*16 #andle $r!its in plasti+ 'ags a$ter #arvesting and):6 in $eed'ags.
n average to #arvest )&& ='s o$ C#ristop#ene it taes12 min!tes.
5)6 o$ t#e $armers sort and sele+t t#e 'est $r!its to sell.
Average la'o!r to sort and pa+ )&& ='s is 1& min!tes.
o special storage facilit" or pac2aging 6crates5
containers7 are used for storage and transport .
).1. $ar!est and posthar!est practices
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Average "ield reported d!ring #ig# prod!+tion season>?an94a"@ is ),00& l's8a+re8wee.
Average "ield d!ring low prod!+tion season >?!n9De+@ is170.2 l's8a+re8wee.
Considering 2 mont#s o$#ig# "ields and : mont#s o$low "ields, average $armer
prod!+tion in t#e Nort#ernRange is 00,7)* l's8a+rea "ear.
4. 8ield
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:26 o$ t#e $armers go to w#olesale marets.
1)6 o$ t#em sell t#eir $r!its onl" at the far' gate.
76 do 'ot# t#e w#olesale maret and $arm gate. ::6 negotiate t#e pri+es dire+tl"
wit# t#e '!"ers.
106 sell to a middleman.
Average reported w#olesalepri+es(
#ig# )&.28l'slow 18l's
1. Mar2eting
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9:ullet $ole; 6+u''" Ste' :light7 is present in #0 of the fields
showed signs of disease infection in the Rain Seasonand #4.>0 in the Dr" Season.
On a!erage far'ers reported a ).>0 loss of "ield due
to disease in the Rain" Season and 4.0 in the Dr"
Season.t#er mentioned pests or diseases were( :irds 6)07,e'atodes 6&/07 and mi+es8rats or ago!ti >)%6@.
verall presen+e and impa+t o$ t#ese, in average, are
'elow 26, '!t losses d!e to Nematodes are pro'a'l"!nderestimated.
=. Pests and diseases
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*!erage 0 inco'e fro' *gricultural acti!ities is =0.
*!erage 0 inco'e fro' Christophene is #0.
1).10 of the far'ers
depend on *griculture
as their 'ain source of
inco'e. 6?>
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Average #o!se#old si/e is 0.0:.
>)0 of the far'ers wor2 full ti'e without help fro'
an" fa'il" 'e'Aers.
):6 #ave anot#er male $amil" mem'er #elping $!ll time.
)1.26 #ave part time #elp $rom $amil" mem'ers.
1&.*6 #ire non9$amil" mem'er la'o!r.
726 o$ t#e $armers #ave anot#er $orm o$ emplo"ment8sillavaila'le.
%%6 o$ t#e $armers grow anot#er +rop in t#e same area.
4ost mentioned +rops( Aanana 6)).)07, plantain 6&/.#07
and cocoa 6&07
. Socioecono'ic considerations
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*!erage "ield drops >#.)0 fro' high to low
producti!e seasons.
*s a laAour intensi!e crop, 'ales are the predo'inant
wor2force.Recentl" planted fields oAtained 'uch highers "ields
than a!erage with around
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*n 3PM strateg" for sustainaAle production is
possiAle.
3'pro!ing agrono'ic practices, pro!iding access to
latest technologies and 2nowledge and adaptingthese to the realit" of local far's.
Literature also shows recent de!elop'ent in
Aiological control for :ullet $ole 6+u''" Ste'
:light7, with Aioagents such asB Trichoderma spp.,Gliocladium catelunatum strain #44= and Bacilus
subtilis strain ST #).
/. FeasiAilit" of an 3PM strateg"
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