plagiat merupakan tindakan tidak terpujiku p ers emb ahakan k a rya ini untuk: j tu han yesu s k...

NAALOLEGNEP GNATNET AWSIS ISPESREP NAGNUBUH EDOTEM NAD ,AIDEM NATAAFNAMEP ,SALEK RAJALEB ISATSERP NAGNED NARAJALEBMEP

AWSIS ISNATNUKA ( atrakaygoY gnipmaG 1 KKPY nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS awsiS : susaK idutS )

ISPIRKS

tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu nakujaiD

nakididneP anajraS raleG helorepmeM isnatnukA nakididneP idutS margorP

:helO F itutsamarP acsisnar

: MIN 920433170

ISNATNUKA NAKIDIDNEP IDUTS MARGORP LAISOS NAUHATEGNEP UMLI NAKIDIDNEP NASURUJ

SATLUKAF NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NAD NAURUGEK AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY 102 2



ISPIRKS




: MIN 920433170



ATRAKAYGOY 102 2



ISPIRKS




: MIN 920433170



ATRAKAYGOY 102 2

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i

AWSIS ISPESREP NAGNUBUH NAALOLEGNEP GNATNET EDOTEM NAD ,AIDEM NATAAFNAMEP ,SALEK RAJALEB ISATSERP NAGNED NARAJALEBMEP


ISPIRKS




: MIN 920433170


NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NAD NAURUGEK SATLUKAF SATISREVINU AMRAHD ATANAS

ATRAKAYGOY 102 2 i



ISPIRKS




: MIN 920433170



ATRAKAYGOY 102 2 i



ISPIRKS




: MIN 920433170



ATRAKAYGOY 102 2


ii


iii


vi

NAHABMESREP

:kutnu ini ayrak nakahabmesrepuK

sutsirK suseY nahuT

atnicreT ukubI kapaB

iraduaS - :gnayasreT ukiraduas atiN ,tupuP ,yneH

traehteewS yM : okowruP udnaP suinotnA

ukretamamlA atanaS satisrevinU amrahD atrakaygoY


v

OTTOM

akam ,halirac ;irebid naka umak akam ,halatniM“

naka utnip akam ,halkutek ;tapadnem naka umak

kubid a .”umigab nak

”AYRAKREB KUTNU PUDIH“

“ alages numan ,kiab utnet muleb hadni gnay alageS

hadni utnet hadus kiab gnay ”


iv

AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP

ini silut ayas gnay ispirks awhab aynhuggnuses nagned nakataynem ayaS kadit

malad naktubesid halet gnay ilaucek ,nial gnaro ayrak naigab uata ayrak taumem

.haimli ayrak aynkayal anamiagabes ,akatsup ratfad nad napituk

03 ,atrakaygoY 2102 iraunaJ

siluneP

( itutsamarP acsisnarF )


iiv

NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL SIMEDAKA NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP

am ayas ,ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnaY mrahD atanaS satisrevinU awsisah :a

amaN itutsamarP acsisnarF : awsisahaM romoN 920433170 :

adapek nakirebmem ayas ,nauhategnep umli nagnabmegnep imeD naakatsupreP

: ludujreb gnay ayas haimli ayrak amrahD atanaS satisrevinU ,SALEK NAALOLEGNEP GNATNET AWSIS ISPESREP NAGNUBUH NAGNED NARAJALEBMEP EDOTEM NAD AIDEM NATAAFNAMEP

ERP S AWSIS ISNATNUKA RAJALEB ISAT b gneD .)ada alib( nakulrepid gnay takgnarep atrese nakirebmem ayas naikimed na

,napmiynem kutnu kah amrahD atanaS satisrevinU naakatsupreP adapekal aidem kutneb malad nakhilagnem ap kutneb malad aynalolegnem ,ni nalakgn

ubirtsidnem ,atad ni id aynnakisakilbupmem nad ,satabret araces nakis uata tenret aidem pek kutnu nial ayas irad niji atnimem ulrep apnat simedaka nagnitne

ayas aman nakmutnacnem patet amales ayas adapek itlayor irebmem nupuam.silunep iagabes

ayas ini naataynrep naikimeD ranebes nagned taub .ayn

atrakaygoY id taubiD laggnat adaP raunaJ 03 : 2102 i

nakataynem gnaY ( itutsamarP acsisnarF )


iiiv

RATNAGNEP ATAK

anerak hisaK ahaM gnay sutsirK suseY nahuT adapek rukuys nad ijuP

kutnu nakujaid nad silutid ini ispirkS .aynutkaw adap tapet iaseles halet ini ispirks

tarays utas halas ihunemem idutS margorP nakididneP anajraS raleg helorepmem

helorepmem silunep ini ispirks nanusuynep malaD .isnatnukA nakididneP

silunep uti kutnU .kahip iagabreb irad naras ,kitirk ,nakusam iagabreb

malades gnay hisak amiret nakpacugnem - :adapek aynmalad

.1 ahoR kapaB umlI nad naurugeK satlukaF nakeD ukales .D.hP ,idn

.atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU ,nakididneP

.2 umlI nakididneP nasuruJ auteK ukales .iS.M ,.E.S ,nawamraD ardnI kapaB

.atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU ,laisoS nauhategneP

.3 ,onotpaS suitneruaL kapaB idutS margorP auteK ukales .iS.M ,.dP.S

.atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU ,isnatnukA nakididneP

.4 ubI dP.M ,.P.I.S ,.dP.S ,ineharguN hadnI atcedeneB nesoD ukales .

gnibmibmeP kutnu naras nad kitirk ,nagnibmib nakirebmem halet gnay

ini ispirks naanrupmesek .

.5 ubI .iS.M ,.dP.S ,itnawruP ynE atiR kapaB nad F .srD X. .dP.M ,idahuM .

kutnu naras nad kitirk nakirebmem halet gnay ijugneP nesoD ukales

.ini ispirks naanrupmesek

.6 nakirebmem halet gnay isnatnukA nakididneP idutS margorP rajagnep fatS

auhategnep nahabmat .nahailukrep sesorp malad n


xi

.7 gnay atrakaygoY mekaP ayajnaS KMS alapeK ukales imatU irS .S .arD ubI

.naitilenep niji nakirebmem halet

.8 nuhat isnatnukA IX salek awsis nad isartsinimda aganet ,rajagnep fatS

nab sata atrakaygoY mekaP ayajnaS KMS 2102/1102 naraja ajrek nad naut

.naitilenep nakukalem silunep amales aynamas

.9 gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS alapeK ukales .dP.M ,itayibuR .arD ubI

.naitilenep niji nakirebmem halet gnay atrakaygoY

.01 nuhat isnatnukA IIX salek awsis nad isartsinimda aganet ,rajagnep fatS

2102/1102 naraja nad nautnab sata atrakaygoY gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS

.naitilenep nakukalem silunep amales aynamas ajrek

.11 :ukaut gnaro audeK kapaB itainoP aitnerolF ubI nad otnayraM suluaP gnay

halet tahesan ,aod ,gnayas hisak nakirebmem , isavitom nad malad

ni ispirks nakajregnem i.

.21 kakaK itatramirP yneH anitsuY : kidA nad - ukkida imatU irtuP ateragraM :

imatU atiN atedanreB nad hisak irebmem halet gnay nad naras ,aod ,gnayas

.ini ispirks nakajregnem malad tagnames

.31 nad aod ,gnayas hisak nakirebmem halet gnay okowruP udnaP suinotnA

mes .ini ispirks nakajregnem malad tagna

.41 acsirF ,itutsaidiW imU anaitahT ,uyahaR akE haiD acinoM :uktabahaS

ilirpA ,itawanruP iwiS ,enilaicesoR y ytkO ,ageM gninuyhaW a adniW

nautnab nad naras ,kitirk ,isavitom ,aod sata aynaumes hisak amiret ,iraspaH

les nailak tagnas aynaumes ,ini amales atik naamasrebek atres ini ama

.itrareb nad taafnamreb


x

.51 nameT - ,)supmeT( iniR ,)sugnaC( antaR :7002 isnatnukA nakididneP namet

,hadnE ,ahcI ,odnaL ,ydniW ,aliN ,isuL ,aniT ,irtaR ,imaT ,naiL ,ikiK

teR ,gnugA ,navI ,noeD ,samsoC ,on namet nad - amireT .aynnial namet hisak

atanaS satisrevinU id hailuk amales aynamasajrek nad tagnames sata

.amrahD

.61 nameT - ,gnapuK ynneL kaK ,gnapeJ ynneL kaK :dnalneerG sok namet

,aod sata hisak amireT .nellE ,iwiS ,lirpA ,akitapeH ,itsE ,tupuP kabM

tagnames .ini amales nailak nautnab nad

.71 gnay isavitom nad ,tagnames ,aod nakirebmem halet gnay kahip aumeS

.utasrep utas naktubesid tapad kadit

malad awhab iradaynem siluneP .kahip aumes igab anugreb ini ispirks agomeS

narukek tapadret hisam ini ispirks nanusuynep silunep ,uti babes helO .nag

.hisak amireT .nugnabmem gnay naras nad kitirk nakparahgnem

03 ,atrakaygoY 2102 iraunaJ

siluneP

)itutsamarP acsisnarF(


ix

KARTSBA

,SALEK NAALOLEGNEP GNATNET AWSIS ISPESREP NAGNUBUH NAGNED NARAJALEBMEP EDOTEM NAD ,AIDEM NATAAFNAMEP

AWSIS ISNATNUKA RAJALEB ISATSERP ( susaK idutS atrakaygoY gnipmaG 1 KKPY nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS awsiS : )

itutsamarP acsisnarF amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

2102

kutnu naujutreb ini naitileneP iuhategnem nagnubuh ada )1( :hakapa gnaynagned salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nakifingis p rajaleb isatser

nagnubuh ada )2( ,isnatnuka afnamep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nakifingis gnay natanagned narajalebmep aidem p gnay nagnubuh ada )3( ,isnatnuka rajaleb isatser

nagned narajalebmep edotem naanuggnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nakifingis awsis ispesrep nakifingis gnay nagnubuh ada )4( ,isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

,salek naalolegnep gnatnet edotem nad narajalebmep aidem nataafnamepamasreb araces narajalebmep - .isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp nagned amas

nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS id susak iduts naitilenep nakapurem ini naitileneP .1102 rebmetpeS nagned iapmas iluJ nalub adap gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS

isalupoP KKPY KMS nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS awsis halada ini naitilenep malad isnatnukA nasuruJ IX salek awsis halada ini naitilenep malad lepmaS .gnipmaG 1 nasuruJ IIX salek awsis nad awsis 03 halmujreb gnay mekaP ayajnaS KMS

lmujreb gnay gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS isnatnukA lepmas nakiraneP .awsis 07 ha edotem nakanuggnem nagned nakukalid naitilenep gnilpmas evisoprup kinkeT .

atad sisilana kinkeT .isatnemukod nad renoiseuk nakanuggnem atad nalupmugnep.adnag iserger nad anahredes iserger nakanuggnem

kkujnunem naitilenep lisaH ada )1( :awhab na nagnubuh nakifingis gnay salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagned isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

(t tih rasebes > 573,2 t bat rasebes 489,1 ), nakifingis gnay nagnubuh ada kadit )2( aidem nataafnamep gnatnet awsis ispesrep narajalebmep nagned rajaleb isatserp

( isnatnuka t tih rasebes < 988,0 t bat rasebes nakifingis nagnubuh ada )3( ,)489,1 narajalebmep edotem naanuggnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagned rajaleb isatserp

( isnatnuka t tih rasebes 944,2 > t bat rasebes ada )4( ,)489,1 gnay nagnubuh ,salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nakifingis nataafnamep aidem

amasreb araces narajalebmep edotem nad narajalebmep - amas nagned isatserpisnatnuka rajaleb (F tih > 074,3 rasebes F bat rasebes .)007,2


iix

TCARTSBA

OITALER EHT NEEWTEB PIHSN NO NOITPECREP ’STNEDUTS SSALC ,TNEMEGANAM EHT GNINRAEL ,AIDEM FO NOITACILPPA

DNA DOHTEM ’STNEDUTS TNEMEVEIHCA GNIYDUTS NIGNITNUOCCA

( 1 KKPY dna loohcS hgiH lanoitacoV mekaP ayajnaS ni tnedutS fo ydutS esaC AloohcS hgiH lanoitacoV gnipmaG

acsisnarF itutsamarP amrahD atanaS ytisrevinU

2102

smia hcraeser ehT t eht )1( :tuo dnif o pihsnoitaler tnacifingis neewteb ’stneduts noitpecrep no ssalc dna tnemeganam el ihca gninra e ni tnemev

neewteb pihsnoitaler tnacifingis eht )2( ;gnitnuocca ts noitpecrep ’stnedu nidna aidem gninrael gnizilitu el ihca gninra e eht )3( ;gnitnuocca ni tnemev

dohtem gninrael gnizilitu ni noitpecrep ’stneduts neewteb pihsnoitaler tnacifingisdna ca gninrael ih ev eht )4( ;gnitnuocca ni tneme neewteb pihsnoitaler tnacifingis

stneduts ecrep ’ gnizilitu ,tnemeganam ssalc no noitp ,aidem gninrael el gninradna ylsoenatlumis dohtem ihca gninrael e .gnitnuocca ni tnemev

1 KKPY dna loohcS hgiH lanoitacoV mekaP ayajnaS ta yduts esac a si tI gnipmaG yluJ morf loohcS hgiH lanoitacoV ehT .1102 rebmetpeS ot noitalupop

erew hcraeser siht fo tneduts s dna loohcS hgiH lanoitacoV mekaP ayajnaS fo 03 erew hcraeser siht fo selpmas ehT .loohcS hgiH lanoitacoV gnipmaG 1 KKPY

edarg htnevele eht fo stneduts tnemtraped gnitnuocca fo mekaP ayajnaS foohcS hgiH lanoitacoV edarg htflewt eht fo stneduts 07 dna lo gnitnuocca fo

tnemtraped ward erew hcraeser eht fo selpmaS .gnipmaG 1 KKPY fo n gnisu ybmas evisoprup ataD .euqinhcet gnilp euqinhcet noitcelloc era s na seriannoitseuq d

t sisylana ataD .noitatnemucod euqinhce era s pmis dna sisylana noisserger el.sisylana noisserger elbuod

reht )1( :taht swohs tluser ehT neewteb pihsnoitaler tnacifingis si e ’stneduts noitpecrep dna tnemeganam ssalc no ihca gninrael e gnitnuocca ni tnemev

(t tnuoc > 573,2 rof t elbat no pihsnoitaler tnacifingis yna t’nsi ereht )2( ;)489,1 rofs ’stnedut noitpecrep fo dna aidem gninrael gnizilitu ihca gninrael e ni tnemev

( gnitnuocca t tnuoc < 988,0 rof t elbat ;)489,1 rof ereht )3( pihsnoitaler tnacifingis sio noitpecrep ’stneduts neewteb dna dohtem gninrael gnizilitu n gninrael

ihca e ( gnitnuocca ni tnemev t tnuoc > 944,2 rof t elbat ;)489,1 rof reht )4( si e eht ,tnemeganam ssalc no noitpecrep ’stneduts neewteb pihsnoitaler tnacifingis

gnizilitu dna ,aidem gninrael noitacilppa el dohtem gninra dna ylsoenatlumis ihca gninrael e ( gnitnuocca ni tnemev F tnuoc > 074,3 rof F elbat .)007,2 rof


iiix

ISI RATFAD

namalaH

LUDUJ NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ................. i

GNIBMIBMEP NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH ................................ .......... ii

NAHASEGNEP NAMALAH ................................ ................................ .... iii

NAHABMESREP NAMALAH ................................ ................................ . vi

NAMALAH OTTOM ................................ ................................ ................ v

AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP ................................ ..................... vi

ISAKILBUP NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL ....................... iiv

RATNAGNEP ATAK ................................ ................................ ............... iiv

KARTSBA ................................ ................................ ................................ ix

TCARTSBA ................................ ................................ ................................ x ii

ISI RATFAD ................................ ................................ ............................. ix ii

LEBAT RATFAD ................................ ................................ ..................... x iv

RABMAG RATFAD ................................ ................................ ................. xvi ii

NARIPMAL RATFAD ................................ ................................ .............. x xi

NAULUHADNEP I BAB ................................ ................................ .......... 1

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL ................................ ............................. 1

.B naitileneP halasaM nasataB ................................ ......................... 7

.C naitileneP halasaM nasumuR ................................ ..................... 7

.D naitileneP naujuT ................................ ................................ ........ 8

.E taafnaM naitileneP ................................ ................................ ...... 9


vix

AKATSUP NAUAJNIT II BAB ................................ ................................ . 01

.A rajaleB isatserP ................................ ................................ ........... 01

.1 rajaleB isatserP isinifeD ................................ ........................ 01

.2 rotkaF - rajaleB isatserP ihuragnepmeM gnay rotkaf ............... 11

.B saleK naalolegneP ................................ ................................ ....... 31

.1 saleK naalolegneP isinifeD ................................ .................... 31

.2 saleK naalolegneP halasaM ................................ ................... 81

.3 saleK naalolegneP nalipmareteK nenopmoK ......................... 91

.C narajalebmeP aideM ................................ ................................ ... 02

.1 narajalebmeP aideM isinifeD ................................ ................ 02

.2 narajalebmeP aideM taafnaM ................................ ................ 22

.3 narajagneP aideM hilimeM airetirK ................................ ...... 72

.D narajalebmeP edoteM ................................ ................................ . 82

.1 D narajalebmeP edoteM isinife ................................ .............. 82

.2 sineJ - narajalebmeP edoteM sinej ................................ ........... 03

.3 tarayS - edoteM nakanuggneM malad tarays ........................... 03

.E rikipreB akgnareK ................................ ................................ ...... 13

.F naitileneP amgidaraP ................................ ................................ .. 33

.G sisetopiH nasumuR ................................ ................................ ..... 43


vx

NAITILENEP EDOTEM III BAB ................................ ............................. 53

.A naitileneP sineJ ................................ ................................ ........... 53

.B utkaW nad tapmeT naitileneP ................................ ..................... 53

.C kejbuS kejbO nad naitileneP ................................ ....................... 63

.D lepmaS nad isalupoP ................................ ................................ ... 63

.E lebairaV eP nad naitileneP lebairaV narukugn ............................. 73

.F ataD nalupmugneP kinkeT ................................ .......................... 39

.G naitileneP nemurtsnI ................................ ................................ ... 93

.H eP naitileneP nemurtsnI naijugn ................................ ................... 14

.I kinkeT isilanA s ataD ................................ ................................ .. 64

NASAHABMEP NAD ATAD SISILANA VI BAB ................................ .. 54

.A ataD ispirkseD ................................ ................................ ........... 45

.B nA ataD sisila ................................ ................................ ............. 76

.C nasahabmeP ................................ ................................ ............... 49

NARAS NAD NASATABRETEK ,NALUPMISEK V BAB .................... 01 0

.A nalupmiseK ................................ ................................ ............... 01 0

.B nasatabreteK ................................ ................................ .............. 01 2

.C naraS ................................ ................................ ......................... 01 2

AKATSUP RATFAD ................................ ................................ ................... 401


ivx

LEBAT RATFAD

namalaH

1.3 lebaT . kiS naataynreP nad rokS trekiL alakS nakrasadreB pa ................ 83

3 lebaT 2. . isiK - neM kutnu renoiseuK isik awsiS ispesreP lebairaV rukug

saleK naalolegneP gnatneT ................................ ........................ 93

3.3 lebaT . isiK - rukugneM kutnu renoiseuK isik awsiS ispesreP lebairaV

gnatneT nataafnameP narajalebmeP aideM ................................ 04

4.3 lebaT . isiK - rukugneM kutnu renoiseuK isik awsiS ispesreP lebairaV

gnatneT naanuggneP narajalebmeP edoteM ............................... 14

.5.3 lebaT wsiS ispesreP nemurtsnI satidilaV ijU nagnutihreP lisaH a

saleK naalolegneP gnatnet ................................ ......................... 34

.6.3 lebaT awsiS ispesreP nemurtsnI satidilaV ijU nagnutihreP lisaH

narajalebmeP aidem gnatnet ................................ ...................... 34

.7.3 lebaT awsiS ispesreP nemurtsnI satidilaV ijU nagnutihreP lisaH

narajalebmeP edoteM gnatnet ................................ .................... 44

.8.3 lebaT naucA satilibaileR isaterpretnI ................................ ................... 54

9.3 lebaT . aH satilibaileR ijU lis ................................ ................................ .. 64

.1.4 lebaT etnI lebairaV naialineP isaterpr ispesreP awsiS ayajnaS KMS

saleK naalolegneP gnatnet ................................ ......................... 55

.2.4 lebaT etnI lebairaV naialineP isaterpr S ispesreP awsi ayajnaS KMS

gnatnet nataafnameP narajalebmeP aideM ................................ .. 65

.3.4 lebaT etnI lebairaV naialineP isaterpr awsiS ispesreP ayajnaS KMS


iivx

gnatnet naanuggneP ebmeP edoteM narajal ................................ 75

.4.4 lebaT awsiS rajaleB isatserP naialineP isaterpretnI ayajnaS KMS ........ 85

.5.4 lebaT S ispesreP lebairaV naialineP isaterpretnI KKPY KMS awsi

gnatnet saleK naalolegneP ................................ .......................... 95

.6.4 lebaT awsiS ispesreP lebairaV naialineP isaterpretnI KKPY KMS

nataafnameP gnatnet narajalebmeP aideM ................................ . 06

lebaT .7.4 awsiS ispesreP lebairaV naialineP isaterpretnI KKPY KMS

ebmeP edoteM naanuggneP gnatnet narajal ................................ 16

lebaT 8.4 . awsiS rajaleB isatserP naialineP isaterpretnI KKPY KMS ......... 26

9.4 lebaT . awsiS ispesreP lebairaV naialineP isaterpretnI gnatnet

naalolegneP saleK ................................ ................................ ..... 36

01.4 lebaT . naialineP isaterpretnI gnatnet awsiS ispesreP lebairaV

narajalebmeP aideM nataafnameP ................................ .............. 46

.11.4 lebaT gnatnet awsiS ispesreP lebairaV naialineP isaterpretnI

neP narajalebmeP edoteM naanugg ................................ ............. 56

21.4 lebaT . lineP isaterpretnI awsiS rajaleB isatserP naia .............................. 66

lebaT 31.4 . lisaH ijU satilamroN id naitileneP ataD ayajnaS KMS mekaP .... 76

lebaT 41.4 . ataD satilamroN ijU lisaH 1 KKPY KMS naitileneP gnipmaG .... 86

51.4 lebaT . ataD satilamroN ijU lisaH naitileneP halokeS audeK .................. 96

.61.4 lebaT satireinilokitluM ijU lisaH ................................ ......................... 07

4 lebaT isalerokotuA ijU lisaH .71. ................................ ............................... 17


iiivx

RABMAG RATFAD

namalaH

rabmaG .2 1. naitileneP amgidaraP ................................ ............................... 33

H ijU lisaH tolprettacS .1.4 rabmaG orete s sadek ti is sat ................................ .. 27


xix

NARIPMAL RATFAD

namalaH

1 naripmaL . rtsnI u )renoiseuK( naitileneP nem ................................ ............. 501

ripmaL a naitileneP kudnI ataD .2 n ................................ ............................... 211

.3 naripmaL D isneukerF isubirtsiD ratfa ................................ ...................... 821

getaK .4 naripmaL lebairaV nagnuredneceK iro ................................ ............ 641

ijU .5 naripmaL satilibaileR nad satidilaV ................................ .................... 451

satilamroN ijU .6 naripmaL ................................ ................................ ......... 661

A .7 naripmaL anahredeS isergeR sisilan ................................ ...................... 961

naripmaL dnaG isergeR sisilanA .8 a ................................ ............................ 281

aL F ,r lebaT .9 naripm t nad ................................ ................................ ......... 981

naripmaL naitileneP nijI taruS .01 ................................ ................................ 391


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL

malad gnitnep tagnas gnay aisunam nahutubek nakapurem nakididneP

idabirp kutnebmem tapad nakididnep anerak ,aisunam napudihek

iagabes halokeS .pudih rumues gnusgnalreb nad aynhutues aisunam

tagnas nanarep iaynupmem takaraysam malad lamrof nakididnep agabmel

araces kiab ,aynhutues aisunam kutnebmem malad atres tuki utiay gnitnep

.aynisnetsiske alages nad ,laisos ,larom ,idabirp

M 97:1002( kilamaH rameO turune :halada nakididnep )

S r malad sesorp utau tapad raga awsis ihuragnepmem akgna abes irid nakiauseynem aynnagnukgnil nagned nikgnum ki nad

aynirid malad nahaburep naklubminem naka naikimed nagnedutnu aynnaknikgnumem gnay gnufreb k ukeda araces is malad ta

nakharagnem sagutreb narajagneP .takaraysam napudihek iapacret tapad uti nahaburep irad narasas raga ini sesorp

.naknigniid gnay anamiagabes

ayapu ralip utas halas nakapurem narajalebmep satilauk natakgnineP

idnep utum natakgninep utum natakgninep ayapU .nahurulesek araces nakid

,aisunam satilauk natakgninep ayapu irad udapret naigab halada nakididnep

iagabes bawaj gnuggnat nupuam ,naidabirpek ,naupmamek kepsa kiab

sesorp utiay naitregnep kokop aud gnudnagnem rajaleB .aragen agraw d na

sesorP .rajaleb lisah ahasu nad nataigek utaus iagabes iankamid rajaleb

ukal hakgnit nahaburep nakgnades ,ukal hakgnit nahaburep iapacnem kutnu


2

adap nakididnep ainud malad rajaleb lisaH .rajaleb lisah nakapurem tubesret

atserp nagned nakkujnutid aynmumu nalisahrebek awhab ,aynitrA .rajaleb is

p tahilid tapad aynutas halas rajagnem rajaleb sesorp isatserp uata lisah ada

id gnay .awsis ikilim

narajalebmep adap kiab gnay isatserp iapacnem awsis nalisahrebeK

alisahrebek retemarap utas halas nakapurem isnatnuka rajaleb sesorp n

nataigek itukignem haletes awsis iapacid gnay sativitaerK .rajagnem

umu adap isnatnuka narajalebmep m retemarap iagabes nakidajid ayn

narajagnep isidnok ini taas iapmaS .iridnes uti isnatnuka nalisahrebek

gnay itrepes muleb gnamem isnatnuka hisam ,natoros ,kitirk ,nakparahid

.nakakumekid

isnatnuka nakididnep utum awhab ,iradaynem isnatnuka ilha araP

aggnihes ,rajagnem kitkarp malad urug satilauk adap gnutnagret tagnas

igab rasadnem usi nakapurem narajalebmep satilauk natakgninep

p natakgninep asgnab utaus aynrudnum ujaM .isnatnuka rajaleb isatser

aynskelpmok ,iridnes uti asgnab nakididnep sativitaerk helo nakutnetid

gnay ladnah gnay aisunam ayad rebmus tutnunem nakididnep halasam

ilha araP .isitepmokreb upmam - hab iradaynem halet nakididnep ilha aw

satilauk nad urug satilauk adap gnutnagreb tagnas nakididnep utum

nakapurem narajalebmep satilauk natakgninep aggnihes ,aynnarajalebmep

m natakgninep igab rasad usi .lanoisan araces nakididnep utu

k nakatpicnem malaD nem rajaleb sativitaer isnatnuka rajag ,kiab gnay

irum taubmem gnay anasaus nakatpicnem upmam surah urug saisutna d


3

isnatnuka nalaosrep padahret dirum nakfitkagnem utnabmem ulrep uruG .

gnay rotatilisaf iagabes urug aynrasad adap anerak ,rikifreb kutnu

iabes nagned iridnam rajaleb awsis gnorodnem ini lah malaD .nikgnum k

malad awsis utnabmem malad natlusnok iagabes aguj aynnarep

ratna naadebrep amirenem tapad urug aynkiabes nad nataigek nakanacnerem

edi nakrikimem naupmamek malad awsis - natapecek malad nad ,urab edi

sagut nakajregnem - .sagut

rajaleB gnay apa imalagnem kana akij ankamreb hibel naka isnatnuka

isatneiroreb isnatnuka narajalebmeP .ayniuhategnem nakub ,aynirajalepid

tagnignem isitepmok malad lisahreb itkubret iretam naasaugnep tegrat

acemem kana ilakebmem malad lagag ipatet ,kednep akgnaj nalaosrep nakh

.gnajnap akgnaj napudihek malad

irad udapret naigab idajnem nakididnep utum natakgninep ayapU

narajalebmep adaP .aisunam satitnauk nad satilauk natakgninep ayapu

:tukireb iagabes halasam namagarek nakumetid isnatnuka

.1 et gnires isnatnuka narajalebmep malaD fitka gnaruk awsis awhab tahilr

reb ilakes gnaraj awsiS .narajalep itukignem malad nupuata aynat

,edi nakaratugnem awsis atnimem ilak gnires urug nupualaw

lah nakaynanem - akajregnem kutnu nafitkaeK .mahaf muleb gnay lah n

laos - aynasaib nad gnaruk aguj narajalebmep sesorp adap nahital laos

urug nakajrekid iaseles laos haletes nabawaj silunem aynah awsis .


4

.2 edi nakiapmaynem nad taubmem malad awsis sativitaerK - hisam aynedi

m gnaruk urug anerak nakbabesid ini laH .hadner tagnas nad gnorodne

aynsativitaerk naklucnumem malad awsis utnabmem .

.3 irajalepmem nad RP nakajregnem malad awsis nairidnamek gnaruK

nakrajaid muleb gnay nupuam hadus gnay kiab narajalep iretam

mek ayngnaruk anerak nakbabesid iretam iasaugnem awsis naupma

ep narajal .rajaleb kutnu awsis isavitom nad

.4 halada ini taas adap nakumetid gnires gnay nial nahalasamreP

P .narajalep iretam iasaugnem malad awsis naupmamek narajalebmep ada

imod ,isnatnuka awsis naisasinagrognep ,iggnit tagnas hisam urug isan

alk nad haraes gnurednec itakednem gnililekreb gnaraj urug nad lakis

.awsis

gnay huragnep iaynupmem urug nakukalid gnay salek naalolegneP

salek naalolegneP .awsis rajaleb isatserp nakhubmunem malad gnitnep

nakutnebmep utnabmem ,nakatpicnem kutnu urug nakadnit nakapurem

kal hakgnit raga lamitpo gnay rajaleb isidnok naknahatrepmem nad awsis u

.narajalebmep sesorp malad namayn ,fisudnok gnay salek atpicret

aynsusuhk gnitnep tagnas salek naalolegnep adap urug gnaroes nareP

aces aneraK .kiranem gnay narajalebmep anasaus nakatpicnem malad ar

naalolegnep nad narajagnep inkay ,kokop sagut aud gnagemem urug ,pisnirp

utnabmem ahasu alages nakapurem ,narajagnep inkay ,amatrep saguT .salek

naalolegnep sagut ,aynkilabeS .narajalebmep naujut iapacnem malad awsis

tpicnem kutnu ahasu nagned natiakreb isidnok naknahatrepmem nad naka


5

araces gnusgnalreb tapad narajalebmep sesorp aggnihes apur naikimedes

nalagageK .narajalebmep naujut ayniapacret imed neisife nad fitkefe

nagned surul gnidnabreb narajalebmep naujut iapacnem urug gnaroes

urug naupmamkaditek itrepes uti nalagagek irad rotakidnI .salek alolegnem

naruku satab uata radnats nagned iauses kadit ,hadner dirum rajaleb isatserp

urug isnetepmok nakapurem salek naalolegnep ,uti aneraK .nakutnetid gnay

mep sesorp akgnar malad iasaukid gnitnep tagnas gnay akaM .narajaleb

.salek alolegnem malad naupmamek ikilimem tutnutid urug paites

igab kaltum taraysarp nakapurem fitkefe gnay salek naalolegneP

rajaleb sesorp aynatpicret - paites itrareb ini laH .alup fitkefe gnay rajagnem

em lanoiseforp araces tutnutid urug anasaus atpicret aggnihes salek alolegn

naatpicneP .narajalebmep rihka aggnih lawa irad ialum fisudnok gnay salek

gnay narajalebmep sesorp gnajnunem anug fisudnok gnay salek anasaus

,imahamem ,iuhategnem kutnu urug naupmamek tutnunem lamitpo

m nad ,hilimem nakatpicnem fitkefe ialinid gnay natakednep nakparene

gnay narajalebmep sesorp gnajnunem malad fisudnok gnay salek anasaus

.lamitpo

gnay nakididnep lisah aynada nakdujuwem tapad urug ayapuS

d lisah raga narasas nagned nakukalid utauses alages akam ,utumreb ira

hibelret ,iridnes uti kidid kana igab taafnamreb tapad uti nakididnep sesorp

.aragen nad ,asgnab ,takaraysam nagnitnepek igab taafnamreb tapad igal

naupmamek ikilimem kutnu tutnutid urug ,aynnaanaskalep malad akaM

malad naupmamek aynsusuhk ,lanoiseforp naanuggnep uata nataafnamep


6

rebmus atres narajalebmep aidem - tapad gnay nial nakididnep rebmus

nad nataafnameP .rajagnem rajaleb sesorp nalisahrebek gnajnunem

nakanuggnem nad nataafnamep radekes aynah nakub aidem naanuggnep

y aynlasim ,ada hadus gnay aidem gnay aidem nupuata ,sifarg kutnebreb gna

tapad aguj naknialeM .kinortkele nad kinakem araces nakkaregid

aidem nakgnabmegnem - iagabes nakanugid tapad aggnihes tubesret aidem

isavitomem nad naitahrep ,naasarep ,narikip gnasgnarem ,nasep rulaynep

malad awsis .rajaleb

aynada utiay ,saul itra malad aidem naanuggnep naupmameK

malad aidem isgnuf nad itra apa iuhategnem lah malad urug naupmamek

tapad gnay aidem nikgnum kaynabes lanegnem ,nakididnep ainud

nagned naveler nad kococ gnay aidem hilimem tapad ,nakanugid iretam

nad napmiynem ,aynnakanuggnem upmam/tapad ,narajalebmep

urug naupmamek aynada halada ayngnitnep halak kadit nakhab ,arahilemem

nahab irad iridnes aidem taubmem nad nakanacnerem lah malad - gnay nahab

malad helorepid hadum nad ,harum ,anahredes gnilap id mala/nagnukgnil

.atik ratikes

naka tubesret narajalebmep aidem naanugnep nad salek naalolegneP

rajaleb edotem naanuggnep nagned itukiid alibapa kiab nagned nalajreb

nakanugid gnay narajalebmep edotem kaynab adA .iauses nad kiab gnay

sorp malad urug helo nakanugid tapad edotem aumeS .rajagnem rajaleb se

.sesorp natakednep tunagnem gnay fitka awsis rajaleb arac malad


7

akam ,sata id nakrabajid halet gnay gnakaleb ratal nakrasadreB

naalolegneP gnatneT awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH“ luduj libmagnem itilenep

eP ,saleK ,aideM nataafnam nagneD narajalebmeP edoteM nad isatserP

.”awsiS isnatnukA rajaleB

.B naitileneP halasaM nasataB

ianegnem awsis ispesrep utiay itiletid gnay ini naitilenep adaP

,salek naalolegnep nataafnamep edotem nad narajalebmep aidem

gnay narajalebmep isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp padahret urug nakparetid

.awsis

.C naitileneP halasaM nasumuR

nahalasamrep naksumurid tapad akam ,gnakaleb ratal nakrasadreB

: tukireb iagabes

.1 nagnubuh hakadA nakifingis gnay gnatnet awsis ispesrep aratna

nagned salek naalolegnep p ?awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatser

.2 nagnubuh hakadA nakifingis gnay gnatnet awsis ispesrep aratna

nagned narajalebmep aidem nataafnamep isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

?awsis

.3 gnatnet awsis ispesrep aratna nakifingis gnay nagnubuh hakadA

edotem naanuggnep nagned narajalebmep isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

awsis ?


8

.4 gnatnet awsis ispesrep aratna nakifingis gnay nagnubuh hakadA

nad ,narajalebmep aidem nataafnamep ,salek naalolegnep naanuggnep

narajalebmep edotem amasreb araces - amas rajaleb isatserp nagned

isnatnuka ?awsis

.D naitileneP naujuT

gnay lortnok tala utas halas nakapurem naujut naitilenep utaus malaD

nagned iauses nalajreb tapad ini naitilenep ayapus kujnutep nakidajid tapad

: tukireb iagabes halada ini naitilenep naujut nupadA .naknigniid gnay

.1 iuhategnem kutnU nagnubuh tapadret hakapa aratna nakifingis gnay

nagned salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep rajaleb isatserp

.awsis isnatnuka


mep aidem nataafnamep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagned narajaleb

.awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp


naanuggnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep edotem nagned narajalebmep


.4 kutnU tapadret hakapa iuhategnem nay nagnubuh aratna nakifingis g

gnatnet awsis ispesrep ,salek naalolegnep aidem nataafnamep

nad ,narajalebmep naanuggnep narajalebmep edotem amasreb araces -

amas awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp nagned .


9

.E naitileneP taafnaM

tapad nakparahid ini naitilenep irad lisaH :igab taafnam irebmem

.1 G uru

narikimep nagnabmus irebmem tapad nakparahid ini naitilenep lisaH

urug arap igab .rajagnem malad isnetepmok nakgnabmegnem kutnu

.2 P itilene

waw nakgnabmegneM lah malad itilenep nasa esorp ,rajagnem rajaleb s

asawaw habmanem aynsusuhk aidem ,salek naalolegnep ianegnem n

.narajalebmep edotem nad

.3 amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

awsisaham igab nauca idajnem tapad nakparahid naitilenep lisaH

.ayntujnales naitilenep kutnu


01

II BAB

AKATSUP NAUAJNIT

.A rajaleB isatserP

.1 rajaleB isatserP isinifeD

otnimradawruP turuneM 7891( isatserp awhab nakataynem )767:

kiabes iapacid gnay lisah halada rajaleb - naupmamek turunem aynkiab

lah padahret utnetret utkaw adap kana - nakajrekid gnay lah uata

.nakukalid

iapacid halet gnay rajaleb lisah halada rajaleb isatserp ,idaJ

nagned iadnatid nad ikilimid kadit gnay naupmamek turunem

gnay gnaroeses irid adap ukal hakgnit nahaburep atres nagnabmekrep

tserp ,utnetret utkaw nagned rajaleb irad nakulrepid tapad ini rajaleb isa

.naiju uata set lisah nad ialin kutneb malad nakataynid

asahaB raseB sumaK malad rajaleb isatserp naitregnep nupadA

k uata nauhategnep naasaugnep halada aisenodnI e atam helo nalipmaret

a set ialin nagned nakkujnutid aynmizal ,narajalep gnay ialin akgna uat

.urug helo nakirebid

amales awsis helo iapacid gnay lisah halada rajaleb isatserp ,idaJ

,utnetret utkaw akgnaj malad rajagnem rajaleb sesorp ayngnusgnalreb

ialin nairebmep kutnebreb halokes malad rajaleb isatserp aynmumu

nam huajes isakidni iagabes awsis adap urug irad )akgna( halet awsis a

isatserp aynasaib ,aynnakiapmasid gnay narajalep iretam iasaugnem


11

tapadret nad tamilak uata ,furuh ,akgna nagned nakataynid ini rajaleb

.utnetret edoirep malad

.2 rotkaF - rotkaf ihuragnepmeM gnay rajaleB isatserP

s nakukalid gnay satifitka paiteS rotkaf ada utnet gnaroese - rotkaf

nupuam gnorodnem gnurednec gnay kiab ,aynihuragnepmem gnay

gnay rotkaF .rajaleb malad imalaid alup naikimeD .tabmahgnem

tukireb iagabes halada uti awsis rajaleb isatserp ihuragnepmem

: )27 : 8991 ,idamhA(

.a lanretnI rotkaF

aF lanretni rotk rad lasareb gnay rotkaf halada irid malad i

:utiay ,naigab aparebeb malad igabid tapad ini rotkaF .awsis

)1 isnegeletnI rotkaF

utnu naupmamek halada tipmes itra malad isnegeletnI k

alokes id isatserp iapacnem h gnagemem ini isnegeletnI .

nanarep .awsis rajaleb isatserp igab gnitnep tagnas gnay

isatserp iapacnem malad isnegeletni nanarep ayniggnit aneraK

tagnas gnay naitahrep nakirebmem surah urug akam ,rajaleb

.iduts gnadib padahret raseb

)2 taniM rotkaF

ecek halada taniM s malad patnam gnay nagnuredn jbu kutnu ke

y awsiS .utnetret gnadib adap kiratret asarem a gnaruk gn

reb utnetret narajalep atam adap tanim narajalep atam aynlasim ,

,isnatnuka malad tabmahgnem naka esorp s .rajaleb


21

)3 sikisP nad kisiF naadaeK rotkaF

pahat adap nakkujnunem kisif naadaeK ,nahubmutrep

tala naadaek ,inamsaj natahesek - nial nad aredni tala

naadaek adap kujnunem sikisp naadaeK .ayniagabes

gnay sikisp nad kisif anerak ,awsis latnem satilibal/satilibats

aigek padahret fitisop huragnepreb tagnas tahes t rajaleb na

abes nad rajagnem .aynkil

.b lanretskE rotkaF

gnay awsis irid raul irad rotkaf halada lanretske rotkaF

igabid tapad lanretske rotkaF .rajaleb isatserp ihuragnepmem

:utiay ,naigab aparebeb idajnem

)1 uruG rotkaF

sagut iaynupmem nakididnepreb aganet iagabes uruG

ek nakaraggneleynem ,gnibmibmem ,rajagnem rajaleb nataig

atres nakgnabmegnem nad itilenem ,halognem ,hitalem

kirebmem s ,uti aneraK .kinket narajalep na surah urug paite

k nad gnanewew ikilimem idabirpek ,lanoiseforp naupmame na

atakaraysamek nad ibiskelf nakkujnunem aguj uruG .n l sati

nanipmimepek ayag nad fitkadid natakednep utiay iggnit gnay

es gnay salek /naadaek nagned nakiausesid ulal salek isautis

takgnit gnajnunem tapad aggnihes ,narajalep nakirebid gnay

.nikgnum lamiskames awsis isatserp


31

)2 agrauleK nagnukgniL rotkaF

nagnukgniL lisah naujamek ihuragnepmem turut agraulek

gnay rotkaf idajnem nakatakid tapad nikgnum nakhab ,rajaleb

rajaleb utkaw raseb naigabes ,aneraK .gnitnep tagnas

gnukudnem gnaruk gnay agrauleK .hamur id nakanaskalid

,agraulek nahucirek itrepes ,rajaleb isautis naitahrep gnaruk

ep gnaruk ,aut gnaro r ihuragnepmem naka rajaleb napakgnel

.rajaleb aynkadit lisahreb

)3 rebmuS rotkaF - rajaleB rebmus

sesorp malad nalisahrebek gnajnunem gnay rotkaf utas halaS

.iadamem gnay rajaleb rebmus aynaidesret halada rajaleb

rebmuS a/aidem apureb tapad uti rajaleb talA .rajalab utnab tal

eb utnab nakanugid tapad gnay tala aumes nakapurem rajal

ad awsis utnabmem kutnu ,rajaleb nataubrep nakukalem mal

idajnem rajaleb aggnihes ,terknok idajnem ,kiranem hibel

nad utkaw tameh ,imahapid hadum gnay lisah atres aganet

.ankamreb hibel

.B saleK naalolegneP

.1 saleK naalolegneP isinifeD

turuneM otnukirA imisrahuS

( 002/salek_naalolegnep_malad_natakednep/swen/moc.zocu.ifelhaf//:ptth


41

9- 11 - 31 -2.) , p nakapurem salek naalolegne nakukalid gnay ahasu utaus

picnem utnabmem kutnu urug at .lamitpo gnay rajaleb isidnok nak

P gnitnep nalipmaretek utas halas nakapurem salek naalolegne

nagned adebreb salek naalolegneP .urug iasaukid surah gnay

.narajalebmep naalolegnep

nataigek adap naknakenem hibel narajalebmep naalolegneP

ad tujnal kadnit nad isaulave ,naanaskalep ,naanacnerep utaus mal

nagned natiakreb hibel salek naalolegnep nakgnadeS .narajalebmep

ayapu - gnay isidnok naknahatrepmem nad nakatpicnem kutnu ayapu

naanibmep( rajaleb sesorp aynidajret igab lamitpo troppar naitnehgnep ,

ahrep nakgneweleynem gnay kidid atresep ukalirep nairebmep ,salek nait

,utkaw tapet araces kidid atresep helo sagut naiaseleynep ,narajnag

id ,)fitkudorp gnay kopmolek amron napatenep pukacnem aynmalad

satilisaf nad )kidid atresep( gnaro narutagnep .

ek malad id anasaus nakatpicnem halada urug amatu saguT raga sal

rajaleb iskaretni idajret - nu awsis isavitomem tapad gnay rajagnem t ku

huggnus nad kiab nagned rajaleb - aynsurahes urug ,uti kutnU .huggnus

rajaleb iskaretnireb kutnu naupmamek ikilimem - .kiab gnay rajagnem

ada gnitnep tagnas gnay naupmamek utas halaS naupmamek hal

.salek alolegnem

turut gnay lah aud tapadret rajagnem rajaleb nataigek malaD

lisahreb nakutnenem ata u sesorp utaus aynkadit utiay ,rajagnem rajaleb

olegnep gnilas uti lah audeK .iridnes uti narajagnep nad salek naal


51

P .gnutnagret ,narajagne ad i naujut ayniapacret itra mal ,lanoiskurtsn

p gnutnagreb tagnas K .salek alolegnem naupmamek ada kiab gnay sale

aggnihes rajaleb kana naknikgnumem gnay isautis nakatpicnem tapad

.narajagnep nalisahrebek lawa kitit nakapurem

kiab nagned rajaleb tapad awsiS apnat ,rajaw gnay anasaus malad

narem gnay isidnok malad nanaket akereM .rajaleb kutnu gnasg

mem narajagnep nahab imahamem kutnu nautnab nad nagnibmib nakulre

awsis ,rajaleb nataigek malaD .rajaleb nataigek iagabreb malad

naknikgnumem gnay utauses nakulremem ,isakinumokreb kutnu aid

.ratikes nagnukgnil nagned nupuam aynnamet nagned ,urug nagned kiab

adebreb urug irad naitahrep nad ,nautnab ,nagnibmib naka nahutubeK

.awsis udividni paites igab

hariag nakhubmunem tapad gnay anasaus nakatpicnem kutnU

em ,rajaleb naknikgnumem hibel nad ,awsis rajaleb isatserp naktakgnin

,rajaleb malad awsis padahret nautnab nad nagnibmib nakirebmem urug

naisasinagrogneP .iadamem gnay salek naisasinagrognep nakulrepid

nad nakhubmunem kutnu urug nataigek natetner utaus halada salek

m asinagro naknahatrepme s itupilem gnay ,fitkefe gnay salek i ynnoC(

nawaimeS , la .te :7891 ,. 36 - )66 :

.1 narajagnep naujuT

malad nalisahrebek kalot lakgnap nakapurem narajagnep naujuT

nusuynem hadum nikam ,naujut nasumur salej nikaM .rajagnem


61

askalem nad anacner hawab id awsis rajaleb nataigek nakan

.urug nagnibmib

.2 aidesret gnay utkaw naanuggnep narutagneP

kutnu ,narajalep paites kutnu lawdaj malad aidesret gnay utkaW

.satabret tagnas naraja nuhat utas kutnu nad retsemes paites

aw narutagnep nakulrepid ,uti aneraK iulaleM .aidesret gnay utk

tapad awsis nakparahid ,aidesret gnay utkaw narutagnep

naujut iapacnem kutnu rajaleb nataigek iagabreb nakukalem

aret naka nakirebid gnay utkaW .narajagnep idajnem nad amal as

naket rebmus k nagned isiid akij kana igab na nataige gnaruk gnay

hariaggnem gnay utkaw ,aynkilabeS .rajaleb malad kana nak

nataigek nagned isiid alib takgnis nakasarid naka aidesret - nataigek

aidesret gnay utkaW .rajaleb malad kana nakhariagnem gnay

aynkadneh nataigek nagned isiid - ,nataigek niales gnay

iaggnem lisah nakirebmem tapad aguj rajaleb kutnu awsis nakhar

.fitkudorp gnay rajaleb

.3 salek id narajalep tobarep nad nagnaur narutagneP

ulrep ,rajaleb malad nakhariaggnem gnay anasaus atpicret ragA

naknikgnumem aynkadneh rajaleb gnaur narutagnep nakitahrepid

kana araces karegreb urug nakhadumem nad kopmolekreb kudud

narutagnep malaD .rajaleb malad awsis utnabmem kutnu asaulel

lah ,rajaleb gnaur - : nakitahrepid ulrep tukireb lah


71

.a salek kutneb nad narukU

.b awsis ajem nad ukgnab naruku atres kutneB

.c alek id awsis halmuJ s

.d kopmolek paites malad id awsis halmuJ

.e salek malad id kopmolek halmuJ

.f iadnap awsis itrepes( kopmolek malad awsis isisopmoK

)atinaw nagned airp ,iadnap gnaruk awsis nagned

.4 rajaleb malad awsis nakkopmolegneP

magareb nakukalem awsis rajaleb malaD .rajaleb nataigek

sesid awsis rajaleb nataigeK iau nahutubek nad tanim nagned nak

ada nad iridnes rajaleb tapad gnay awsis adA .iridnes uti awsis

nataigek ragA .kopmolekreb araces rajaleb tapad gnay - nataigek

hutubek nagned iauses urug nakatpicid gnay rajaleb rajaleb arac na

malad iD .rajaleb malad awsis nakopmolegnep nakulrepid ,awsis

lah ,kopmolek atoggna nanusuynep - aratna ,nakulrepid gnay lah

nial nawaimeS ynnoC( te , . la ,. :7891 )66 :

.a laudividni( nakanaskalid naka gnay apa rajaleb nataigeK –

kopmolek – ?)lakisalk

.b uata ,awsis ,urug( kopmolek atoggna nusuynem gnay apaiS

?)awsis nad urug

.c ?nususid uti kopmolek apa rasad satA

.d habureb uata patet ulales uti kopmolek hakapA - iauses habu

?awsis rajaleb arac nahutubek nagned


81

lah aliB - nakitahrepid hadus tubesret lah nagned nakanaskalid nad

nagnutnuek nakrasadreb kiab gnilap gnay arac - ,aynnagnutnuek

.rajaleb malad hariagreb hibel naka awsis akam

.2 saleK naalolegneP halasaM

imisrahuS turunem salek naalolegnep halasam macam aud adA

otnukirA

( 002/salek_naalolegnep_malad_natakednep/swen/moc.zocu.ifelhaf//:ptth

9- 11 - 31 -2 : ).

.a : laudividnI halasaM

)1 roivaheb gnitteg noitnettA .)naitahrep iracnem ukalirep alop( s

)2 sroivaheb gnikees rewoP nakkujnunem ukalirep alop(

)nataukek

)3 sroivaheb gnikees egneveR salab nakkujnunem ukalirep alop(

.)madned

)4 ssensselpleH .)naupmamkaditek naagarep(

malad kapmat naka tubesret laudividni halasam tapmeeK

uata nakadnit kutneb iagabreb kadit gnay ,gnapmiynem ukalirep

nakigurem tapad aguj ipatet iridnes aynirid nakigurem naka aynah

.kopmolek uata nial gnaro

.b : kopmoleK halasaM

)1 ,ukus ,nimalek sinej nasala anerak ,fisehok gnaruk saleK

.ayniagabes nad ,imonoke laisos natakgnit


91

)2 ad nagnapmiyneP amron ir - itakapesid halet gnay ukalirep amron

.aynmulebes

)3 gnaroes halas padahret fitagen araces iskaerem saleK

.aynatoggna

)4 amron raggnalem gnay salek atoggna ”gnobmobmeM“

.kopmolek

)5 sagut irad aynnaitahrep nakhilaid hadum gnurednec kopmoleK

agid hagnet gnay .par

)6 ,urug adapek setorp iska macames uata hadner ajrek tagnameS

saleK .riaf gnaruk nakirebid gnay sagut paggnagnem anerak

.urab naadaek nagned irid nakauseynem upmam gnaruk

.3 saleK naalolegneP nalipmareteK nenopmoK

nalipmaretek nenopmok sinej 2 adA em salek alolegnem n turu

alloB .I nhoJ 7:4891( - )41 :utiay

.a ubuhreB gnay nalipmareteK n nad naatpicneP nagned nag

.lamitpO gnay rajaleB isidnoK naarahilemeP

malad id urug naupamek nagned natiakreb ini nalipmareteK

narajalep nakiladnegnem nad fitaisini libmagnem nataigek atres -

6 irad iridret nad ;tubesret lah nagned nagnubuhreb gnay nataigek

.nalipmaretek

)1 is nakkujnuneM paggnat pak

)2 naitahrep igabmeM

)3 kopmolek naitahrep naktasumeM


02

)4 kujnutep nakirebmeM - salej gnay kujnutep

)5 rugeneM

)6 nataugnep nakirebmeM

.b gnay nalipmareteK isidnoK nailabmegneP nagned nagnubuhreB

lamitpO gnay rajaleB

padahret urug nopser nagned natiakreb ini nalipmareteK

urug raga duskam nagned natujnalekreb gnay awsis nauggnag

nakilabmegnem kutnu laidimer nakadnit nakadagnem tapad

po gnay rajaleb isidnok mit nakukalid tapad gnay la :arac nagned

)1 ukal hakgnit isakifidoM

)2 kopmolek naalolegneP

)3 gnay ukal hakgnit nakhacemem nad nakumeneM

alasam naklubminem h

.C narajalebmeP aideM

.1 narajalebmeP aideM isinifeD

ataK L asahab irad lasareb aidem kamaj kutneb nakapurem nad nita

atak irad muidem .ratnagnep uata aratnarep itrareb haifrah araces gnay

nakrulaynem kutnu nakanugid tapad gnay utauses alages halada aideM

,narikip gnasgnarem tapad aggnihes amirenep ek mirignep irad nasep

naitahrep ,naasarep apur naikimedes awsis naitahrep atres tanim nad ,

.)6:2002 ,namidaS( idajret rajaleb sesorp aggnihes


12

ainud malad relupop idajnem aidem halitsi uata atak mulebeS

esorp malad aynsusuhk ,ini asawed nakididnep s akam ,rajagnem rajaleb

nurednec gnay halitsi/atak amas gnay ankam/naitregnep ikilimem g

aluM .gnaro nakanugid hadus - ,”agarep tala“ halitsi nagned lanekid alum

“ halitsi ada naidumek sdia lausiv oidua .)ragned/gnadnap utnab tala( ”

( tubesid ayntujnaleS slairetam lanoitcurtsni mizal gnay halitsi inik nad ,)

ud ,nakididnep aidem halada lanoisan nakididnep ainud malad nakanug

( narajalebmep aidem uata aidem lanoitcurtsni .)

osotnaS turuneM ojojdimaH .S )31:8891 urehutaL .D nhoJ(

awhab nakataynem gnay aratnarep kutneb aumes halada aidem

m kutnu aisunam helo nakanugid uata ,edi rabeynem/nakiapmayne

iapmas asib uti nakiapmasid/nakakumekid gnay nasagag uata ,tapadnep

aidem iagabes nakatakid tapad utauS .amirenep adap

kutnu nakanugid aidem alibapa narajalebmep/nakididnep

ujut nagned nasep nakiapmaynem/nakrulaynem an- naujut nakididnep

.narajalebmep nad

helo nakakumekid halet gnay isinifed nakrasadreB S osotna .S

narajalebmep aidem awhab nalupmisek libmaid tapad akam ,ojojdimaH

nataigek malad nakanugid gnay adneb uata )utnab( tala aumes halada

nasep nakiapmaynem kutnu duskam nagned ,rajagnem rajaleb

ulreP .amirenep adapek rebmus irad narajalebmep )isamrofni(

id ,aidem iulalem nakiapmasid gnay )isamrofni( nasep awhab nakhabmat

helo amiretid tapad surah uti narajagnep iretam uata isi kutneb malad


22

nagnubag nupuata utas halas nakanuggnem nagned ,nasep amirenep

alib igal kiab hibel nakhaB .akerem aredni tala aparebeb tala hurules

gnay nasep isi amirenem tapad/upmam ikilimid gnay aredni

nakiapmasid .

narajalebmep aidem awhab nakataynem ,)41:8891( urehutaL

rajaleb nataigek malad nakanugid gnay kinket uata ,tala ,nahab halada

ok iskaretni sesorp raga duskam nagned rajagnem isakude isakinum

ayadreb nad anug tapet araces gnusgnalreb tapad awsis nad urug aratna

.anug

ikilimem narajalebmep aidem ,tubesret isinifed nakrasadreB

iretam irajalepmem awsis nakhadumem malad raseb gnay taafnam

kanugid gnay narajalebmep aideM .narajalep naitahrep kiranem surah na

.awsis rajaleb nataigek adap awsis

.2 narajalebmeP aideM taafnaM

rajaleb sesorp malad narajalebmep aidem taafnam utas halaS

ihuragnepmem turut gnay rajagnem utnab tala iagabes halada rajagnem

y rajaleb nagnukgnil nad ,isidnok ,milki helo nakatpicid nad atatid gna

.urug

kilamaH daysrA rahzA( 51:0102 , - )61 awhab nakakumegnem

tapad rajagnem rajaleb sesorp malad narajalebmep aidem naiakamep

urab gnay tanim nad nanigniek naktikgnabmem naktikgnabmem ,

awabmem nakhab nad ,rajaleb nataigek nagnasgnar nad isavitom

huragnep - aidem naanuggneP .awsis padahret sigolokisp huragnep


32

utnabmem tagnas naka narajalebmep isatneiro pahat adap narajalebmep

asep naiapmaynep ,narajalebmep sesorp nafitkefeek narajalep isi nad n

.uti taas aidem ,awsis tanim nad isavitom naktikgnabmem nialeS

aguj narajalebmep takgninem awsis utnabmem tapad ,namahamep nak

nakhadumem ,ayacrepret nad kiranem nagned atad nakijaynem

.isamrofni naktadamem nad atad narisfanep

K turuneM notyaD nad pme srA rahzA( y 12:0102 ,da - )32 nupiksem

aidem naanuggnep nagnutnuek kaynab awhab iradasid amal halet

aynaamirenep ,narajalebmep malad ek aynnaisargetnignep atres

margorp - akereM .tabmal tama nalajreb narajagnep margorp

lisah aparebeb nakakumegnem kapmad nakkujnunem gnay naitilenep

id narajalebmep largetni naigab iagabes aidem naanuggnep irad fitisop

agabes uata salek usgnal narajalebmep amatu arac i tukireb iagabes gn :

.a ab idajnem narajalep naiapmayneP tahilem gnay rajalep paiteS .uk

p ragnednem uata m iulalem naijayne gnay nasep amirenep aide

eM .amas arac nagned narajalep isi nakrisfanem urug arap nupiks

adebreb gnay - uti narisfat magar aidem naanugnep nagned ,adeb

nakiapmasid tapad amas gnay isamrofni aggnihes ignarukid tapad

adnal iagabes awsis adapek nad ,nahital ,naijakgnep kutnu nas

.tujnal hibel isakilpa

.b nakisaisosaid tapad aideM .kiranem hibel asib narajalebmeP

nad agajret patet awsis taubmem nad naitahrep kiranep iagabes

.nakitahrepmem kirat ayad ,nasep natutnurek nad nasalejeK egami


42

gnay habureb - uggnep ,habu tapad gnay susuhk kefe naan

inem nad awatret awsis nakbabeynem nauhatnigniek naklubm

ikilimem aidem awhab nakkujnunem aynaumesek gnay ,rikipreb

tanim naktakgninem nad isavitom kepsa

.c retid nagned fitkaretni hibel idajnem narajalebmeP a nakp n iroet ay

pisnirp nad rajaleb - lah malad amiretid gnay sigolokisp pisnirp

.nataugnep nad ,kilab napmu ,awsis isapisitrap

.d takgnisrepid tapad nakulrepid gnay narajalebmep utkaw amaL

utkaw nakulremem aynah aidem nakaynabek anerak kutnu takgnis

ep nakratnagnem nas - jalep isi nad nasep a gnay halmuj malad nar

.awsis helo paresid tapad aynnanikgnumek nad kaynab pukuc

.e atilauK takgnitid tapad rajaleb lisah s atak isargetni anamalib nak

tapad narajalebmep aidem iagabes rabmag nad

isakinumokgnem ka nemele n - auhategnep nemele arac nagned n

.salej nad ,kifiseps ,kiab nagned nakisasinagroret

.f k nakirebid tapad narajalebmeP a uata naknigniid anam id nad nap

rajalebmep aidem akij amaturet nakulrepid a kutnu gnacnarid n

ces naanuggnep a .udividni ar

.g gnay apa padahret awsis fitisop pakiS m nad irajalep akere

padahret eb sesorp takgnitid tapad rajal .nak

.h l gnay hara ek habureb tapad urug nareP hibe urug nabeb ;fitisop

gnalureb gnay nasalejnep kutnu - narajalep isi ianegnem gnalu

naktasumem tapad ai aggnihes nakgnalihid nakhab ignarukid tapad


52

tahrep adapek nai nial gnitnep kepsa rajaleb sesorp malad

.awsis tahesanep uata natlusnok iagabes aynlasim ,rajagnem

iaviR nad anajduS 42:0102 ,daysrA rahzA( - )52 nakakumegnem

:utiay ,awsis rajaleb sesorp malad narajalebmep aidem taafnam

.a l naka narajalebmep tapad aggnihes awsis naitahrep kiranem hibe

;rajaleb isavitom nakhubmunem

.b tapad aggnihes aynankam salej hibel naka narajalebmep nahab

nad iasaugnem aynnaknikgnumem nad awsis helo imahapid hibel

;narajalebmep naujut iapacnem

.c hibel naka rajagnem edotem atames kadit ,isairavreb - atam

atak narutunep iulalem labrev isakinumok - ,urug helo atak

,aganet nasibahek kadit urug nad nasob kadit awsis aggnihes

;narajalep maj paites adap rajagnem urug ualak igalapa

.d es rajaleb nataigek nakukalem kaynab hibel tapad awsis kadit bab

itrepes nial sativitka aguj ipatet ,urug naiaru nakragnednem aynah

.lld ,naknaremem ,nakisartsnomednem ,nakukalem ,itamagnem

tapadnep nad naiaru iraD haltapad ,sata id ilha aparebeb

aidem naanuggnep irad sitkarp taafnam aparebeb naklupmisid

ebmep :tukireb iagabes rajagnem rajaleb sesorp malad narajal

.a m nad nasep naijaynep salejrepmem tapad narajalebmep aide

gninem nad racnalrepmem tapad aggnihes isamrofni sesorp naktak

;rajaleb lisah nad


62

.b m em tapad narajalebmep aide n nakharagnem nad naktakgni

naitahrep ,rajaleb isavitom naklubminem tapad aggnihes kana

nad ,aynnagnukgnil nad awsis aratna gnusgnal hibel gnay iskaretni

numek idnes rajaleb kutnu awsis nanikg ir - auses iridnes nagned i

;ayntanim nad naupmamek

.c m rajalebmep aide a apad n redni nasatabretek isatagnem t r ,a gnau

;utkaw nad

.d id gnusgnal naklipmatid kutnu raseb ulalret gnay adneb uata kejbo

tapad salek gnaur otof ,rabmag nagned itnagid edils , ,mlif ,atilaer ,

;ledom uata ,oidar

.e aredni helo kapmat kadit gnay licek ulalret gnay adneb uata kejbo

,mlif ,poksorkim nautnab nagned nakijasid tapad edils uata ,

;rabmag

.f malad ilakes idajret uata ulal asam id idajret gnay akgnal naidajek

namaker iulalem naklipmatid tapad nuhat nahulup iv ed o, ,mlif

,otof edils gnipmas id ;labrev araces

.g tapad harad naraderep itrepes timur tama gnay sesorp uata kejbo

,rabmag ,mlif iulalem terknok araces naklipmatid edils uata ,

;retupmok isalumis

.h tapad nakayahabmem tapad gnay naabocrep uata naidajek

nakisalumisid nad ,mlif ,retupmok itrepes aidem nagned oediv ;

.i gnay sesorp uata ipareb gnunug nasutel itrepes mala awitsirep

gnopmopek sesorp itrepes amal utkaw nakamem naataynek malad


72

upuk idajnem - kinket nagned nakijasid tapad upuk - namaker kinket

itrepes emit - espal tnu ,mlif ku edils ,oediv .retupmok isalumis uata ,

.j namalagnep naamasek nakirebmem tapad narajalebmep aideM

awitsirep gnatnet awsis adapek - ,akerem nagnukgnil id awitsirep

urug adap gnusgnal iskaretni aynidajret naknikgnumem atres ,

aynnagnukgnil nad ,takaraysam ,atasiwayrak iulalem aynlasim

nagnujnuk - .gnatanib nubek uata muesum ek nagnujnuk

.3 P aideM hilimeM airetirK narajagne

4:0991( iaviR damhA nad anajduS anaN turuneM - d )5 mala

nakitahrepmem aynkiabes narajagnep nagnitnepek kutnu aidem hilimem

airetirk - s airetirk .tukireb iagabe

.a narajagnep aidem aynitra ;narajagnep naujut nagned aynnatapeteK

naujut rasad sata hilipid - lanoiskurtsni naujut .nakpatetid halet gnay

naujuT - ,namahamep rusnu nakisireb gnay lanoiskurtsni naujut

aynnakanugid naknikgnumem hibel sisetnis ,sisilana ,isakilpa

.narajagnep aidem

.b narajalep nahab aynitra ;narajagnep nahab isi padahret nagnukuD

,pisnirp ,atkaf ayntafis gnay tagnas isasilareneg nad pesnok

.awsis imahapid hadum hibel raga aidem nautnab nakulremem

.c nakulrepid gnay aidem aynitra ;aidem helorepmem nahadumeK

kadites ,helorepid hadum - adap urug helo taubid hadum aynkadit

.rajagnem utkaw


82

.d malad urug nalipmareteK aidem sinej nupapa ;aynnakanuggnem

aynnakanuggnem tapad urug halada amatu tarays ,nakulrepid gnay

nakparahid gnay taafnam nad ialiN .narajagnep sesorp malad

rajaleb iskaretni aynidajret taas adap ipatet ,aynaidem adap nakub

nadA .aynnagnukgnil nagned awsis ,mlif rotkeyorp ,PHO ay

tala nad ,retupmok - ynupmem kadit ,aynnial higgnac tala itra ia

apa - kadit urug alib ,apa narajagnep malad aynnakanuggnem tapad

.narajagnep satilauk iggnitrepmem kutnu

.e tubesret aidem aggnihes ;aynnakanuggnem kutnu utkaw aidesreT

tapad .gnusgnalreb narajagnep amales awsis igab taafnamreb

.f kutnu aidem hilimem ;awsis rikipreb farat nagned iauseS

nagned iauses surah narajagnep nad nakididnep rikipreb farat

tapad aynmalad id gnudnakret gnay ankam aggnihes ,awsis

.awsis helo imahapid

.D edoteM narajalebmeP

.1 narajalebmeP edoteM isinifeD

“ inanuY asahaB irad lasareb edoteM sodohteM arac itrareb gnay ’’

,haimli ayapu nagned nagnubuheS .hupmetid gnay nalaj uata akam

kejbo imahamem tapad kutnu ajrek arac halasam tukgnaynem edotem

narasas idajnem gnay itrareb edotem isgnuF .natukgnasreb gnay umli

ujut iapacnem kutnu tala iagabes .na


92

nauhategneP edotem gnatnet - nakulrepid tagnas rajagnem edotem

tagnas rajaleb awsis aynkadit uata lisahreb babes ,kididnep arap helo

edotem aynkadit uata tapet adap gnutnagreb nakanugid gnay rajagnem

.urug helo

m )57:9791( damhkaruS onraniW turuneM arac halada edote , gnay

aus iapacnem kutnu tala nakapurem aynisgnuf malad id .naujut ut nikaM

edotem kiab kutnU .naujut naiapacnep alup fitkefe nikam ,uti

aktapmenem n a uluhad hibelret ,kiab tubesid tapad edotem haubes hakap

gnay rotkaF .rotkaf aparebeb irad rebmusreb gnay nakotap nakulrepid

.iapacid nigni gnay naujut halada nakutnenem

irad niales salek malad id rajagnem edotem ianegnem susuhK

tis rotkaf ,dirum rotkaf aguj ,naujut rotkaf tuki urug rotkaf nad isau

nakutnenem .edotem haubes aynkadit fitkefe

gnadaK - edoteM .kinket nagned nakadebid aguj edotem gnadak

b hibel kinket nakgnades ,larudesorp tafisreb .fitatnemelpmi tafisre

kinket ,aynitrA t aynhuggnuses gnay apa naanaskalep nakapurem idajre

B urug nagned A uruG :hotnoC .naujut iapacnem kutnu )urug nakukalid(

amas - iuhategnem halet aynaudeK .hamarec edotem nakanuggnem amas

ipatet ,fitkefe gnay hamarec edotem naanaskalep rudesorp anamiagab

nket anerak B urug nagned adebreb A urug aynlisah aynnaanaskalep ki

.adebreb gnay kgnum urug pait idaJ in adebreb gnay kinket iaynupmem

.amas gnay edotem nakanaskalem malad


03

nakanugid gnay arac iagabes nakitraid tapad narajalebmep edoteM

kutneb malad nususid hadus gnay anacner nakisatnemelpmignem kutnu

.narajalebmep naujut iapacnem kutnu sitkarp nad atayn nataigek

.2 sineJ - narajalebmeP edoteM sinej

nakanugid tapad gnay narajalebmep edotem aparebeb tapadreT

:utiay aynaratnaid narajalebmep igetarts nakisatnemelpmignem kutnu

.a isuksid edoteM

.b hamarec edoteM

.c narep niamreb edoteM

.d isalumis edoteM

.e isartsnomed edoteM

.f nagnapal kitkarp edoteM

.3 tarayS - edoteM nakanuggneM malad tarays

tarays ,edotem aparebeb uata utas nakanuggnem malad iD - tarays

,artsasidajajD fusuJ( nakitahrepid ulales surah ini tukireb iagabes

11:1891 - .)21

.a tapad surah nakanugrepid gnay rajagnem edoteM naktikgnabmem

.dirum rajaleb hariag uata tanim ,fitom

.b nimajnem tapad surah nakanugrepid gnay rajagnem edoteM

nataigek nagnabmekrep - .dirum naidabirpek nataigek

.c m tapad surah nakanugid gnay rajagnem edoteM nakirebme

.dirum naidabirpek irad fitaerk gnay iserpske igab natapmesek


13

.d gnasgnarem tapad surah nakanugrepid gnay narajagnep edoteM

isarolpske nakukalem ,tujnal hibel rajaleb kutnu dirum nanigniek

.)naurahabmep( isavoni nad

.e nakanugrepid gnay rajagnem edoteM dirum kididnem tapad surah

iulalem nauhategnep helorepmem nad iridnes rajaleb kinket malad

.idabirp ahasu

.f nakadainem tapad surah nakanugrepid gnay rajagnem edoteM

nagned aynitnaggnem nad sitsilabrev tafisreb gnay naijaynep

ayn gnay isautis uata namalagnep .naujutreb nad at

.g nakmananem tapad surah nakanugrepid gnay narajagnep edoteM

ialin nakgnabmegnem nad - pakis nad ialin - gnay amatu pakis

gnay ajrekeb arac naasaibek malad nakparahid malad kiab

irahes napudihek - .irah

.h surah nakanugrepid gnay rajagnem edoteM gnibmibmem tapad

gnuggnat sata iridnes iridreb upmam aynrihka adap raga dirum

.iridnes bawaj

.E rikipreB akgnareK

.1 gnatneT awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH nagned saleK naalolegneP

S isnatnukA rajaleB isatserP .awsi

gnay lisah helorepmem naka awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserP

aynutas halas ,rotkaf aparebeb ihuragnepid kiab gnaruk uata kiab

narep iaynupmem salek naalolegneP .salek naalolegnep halada


23

nagneD .salek id rajagnem rajaleb sesorp utaus malad gnitnep

aalolegnep nakatpicnem naka akam ,urug helo nakukalid gnay salek n

atrepmem nad gab lamitpo gnay isidnok naknah sesorp aynidajret i

.rajagnem rajaleb

.2 gnatneT awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH afnameP aideM nata

nagned narajalebmeP S isnatnukA rajaleB isatserP .awsi

utas halas nakapurem aguj narajalebmep aidem nataafnameP

sesorp taas adap aidem naanuggneP .awsis isatserp gnajnunep

imahamem upmam hibel awsis raga nakduskamid narajalebmep

naiapmayneP .urug nakiapmasid gnay iretam ianegnem nagned iretam

nakanuggnem aidem awsis tanim kiranem tapad tapet nad kiab gnay

.rajaleb sesorp malad

.3 gnatneT awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH naanuggneP edoteM

nagned narajalebmeP S isnatnukA rajaleB isatserP .awsi

.awsis isatserp utnenep utas halas nakapurem aguj edoteM

p nakapurem edotem aneraK kiab nikameS .naujut ayniapacret utnene

malad iapacid naka gnay naujut fitkefe nikames iakapid gnay edotem

esorp utaus s .salek id rajagnem rajaleb

.4 saleK naalolegneP gnatneT awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH ,

nataafnameP aideM narajalebmeP edoteM naanuggneP nad

nagned .awsiS isnatnukA rajaleB isatserP

nad aidem ,salek naalolegnep nakgnabmegnem tapad gnay uruG

naka gnusgnalreb narajalep taas adap narajalebmep edotem


33

naka akerem aggniheS .rajaleb malad awsis isavitom naklucnumem

erp iapacnem malad tagnamesreb hibel .isats

.F naitileneP amgidaraP

naitileneP amgidaraP .1.2 rabmaG

:nagnareteK

1X : gnatnet awsis ispesrep lebairav utiay amatrep sabeb lebairaV

k naalolegnep sale

2X : gnatnet awsis ispesrep lebairav utiay audek sabeb lebairaV

nataafnamep p aidem narajalebme

3X : gnatnet awsis ispesrep lebairav utiay agitek lebairaV naanuggnep

edotem p narajalebme

Y : s isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp utiay takiret lebairaV wsi a

1X

2X Y

3X


43

: laudividni araces sabeb lebairav huragneP lebairav padahret

takiret

: amasreb araces sabeb lebairav huragneP - lebairav padahret amas

takiret

.G sisetopiH nasumuR

.1 nagnubuh adA aratna gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagned salek naalolegnep


.2 nagnubuh adA aratna gnatnet awsis ispesrep nataafnamep aidem

nagned narajalebmep .awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

.3 nagnubuh adA aratna gnatnet awsis ispesrep naanuggnep edotem

nagned narajalebmep .awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

.4 ,salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep aratna nagnubuh adA

nataafnamep nad ,aidem naanuggnep narajalebmep edotem araces

amasreb - amas rajaleb isatserp nagned isnatnuka .awsis


53

III BAB

NAITILENEP EDOTEM

.A naitileneP sineJ

nep nakapurem ini naitileneP naitilenep utiay susak iduts naitile

ianegnem nagnubuh ,aidem ,salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nad

nagned narajalebmep edotem KMS awsis adap isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

mekaP ayajnaS gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS nad gnay ataD .isnatnukA nasuruJ

isilanaid nad haloid helorepid nalupmiseK .nalupmisek kiratid naidumek ,s

nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS id awsis kutnu ukalreb aynah ini naitilenep irad

KMS .gnipmaG 1 KKPY

.B naitileneP utkaW nad tapmeT

.1 tapmeT naitileneP

.a ayajnaS KMS , mekaP , atrakaygoY .

.b .atrakaygoY ,gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS

.2 naitileneP utkaW

.a p ,ayajnaS KMS ene nalub adap nakukalid naitil luJ i iapmas 1102

sutsugA nagned .1102

.b ,gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS nalub adap nakukalid naitilenep

1102 rebmetpeS


63

.C jbO nad kejbuS naitileneP ke

.1 jbuS naitileneP ke

jbuS ep ke naitilen awsis halada ini ,ayajnaS KMS IX salek

J ,mekaP isnatnukA nasuru d , 1 KKPY KMS IIX salek awsis na

.isnatnukA nasuruJ ,gnipmaG

.2 kejbO naitileneP

gnay ini naitilenep malaD jbo idajnem halada naitilenep ke

nagnubuh ,narajalebmep aidem nataafnamep ,salek naalolegnep nad

nagned narajalebmep edotem .awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

.D lepmaS nad isalupoP

.1 upoP isal

ay isasilareneg hayaliw halada isalupoP gn sata iridret

jbus/kejbo gnay utnetret kitsiretkarak nad satilauk iaynupmem gnay ke

lenep helo nakpatetid idumek nad irajalepid kutnu iti kiratid na

gnay ini naitilenep malaD .)08:9002 ,onoiguS( aynnalupmisek

alupop idajnem ,ayajnaS KMS awsis hurules halada is mekaP

atrakaygoY awsis 832 halmujreb gnay nad , KMS awsis hurules

.awsis 963 halmujreb gnay gnipmaG 1 KKPY

.2 lepmaS

gnay kitsiretkarak nad halmuj irad naigab halada lepmaS

naitilenep malaD .)18:9002 ,onoiguS( tubesret isalupop helo ikilimid

nem gnay ini s idaj ,ayajnaS KMS awsis halada lepma mekaP


73

K atrakaygoY atnukA nasuruj IX sale n is d ,awsis 03 halmujreb gnay na

isnatnukA nasuruj IIX saleK gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS awsis gnay

77 halmujreb awsis .

.3 lepmaS nakiraneP kinkeT

nakrasadreb ini naitilenep adap lepmas nakiraneP kinket

gnilpmas evisopruP .gnilpmas evisoprup nalibmagnep kinket halada

,onoiguS( utnetret nagnabmitrep nagned atad rebmus lepmas

812:9002 - uggnem nasalA .)912 IX salek awsis lepmas nakan IIX nad

isnatnukA narajalep atam itukignem halet tubesret awsis anerak

isnatnuka ropar ialin tapadnem halet nad isatserp naknimrecnem gnay

.awsis rajaleb

.E naitileneP lebairaV narukugneP nad lebairaV

.1 naitileneP lebairaV

: irad iridret ini naitilenep malad lebairaV

.a ( takireT lebairaV elbairaV tnednepeD )

takiret lebairaV m anerak tabika idajnem gnay lebairav nakapure

naitilenep malaD .sabeb lebairav aynada ini idajnem gnay

v takiret lebaira Y( ) alin apureb awsis rajaleb isatserp halada i

ropar .isnatnuka narajalep atam adap

.b ( sabeB lebairaV elbairaV tnednepednI )

sabeb lebairaV v nakapurem babes idajnem gnay lebaira

.takiret lebairav aynhabureb uata aynlubmit V sabeb lebaira


83

ini naitilenep malad aidem ,)IX( salek naalolegnep halada

nad ,)2X( narajalebmep .)3X( narajalebmep edotem

.2 lebairaV narukugneP

av rukugnem kutnU lebair alakS nakanugid awsis ispesrep

naataynrep irogetak aud tapadreT .trekiL nad fitisop naataynrep utiay

,ujutes ,ujutes tagnas nagned ialinid gnay fitagen naataynrep ugar -

,ugar idajnem pakis naigabmeP .ujutes kadit tagnas nad ,ujutes kadit

irogetak aud kejbo padahret gnaroeses pakis aynrasad adap anerak ini

iridret utnetret kalonem pakis nad )fitisop( gnukudnem pakis irad

naataynrep ialinem kutnu nakanugid gnay rokS .)fitagen( - naataynrep

halada fitagen naataynrep nad fitisop naataynrep apureb gnay utiay

:ini tukireb lebat adap aretret itrepes

1.3 lebaT . trekiL alakS nakrasadreB pakiS naataynreP nad rokS

nabawaJ airetirK rokS

fitisoP naataynreP fitageN naataynreP

)SS( ujuteS tagnaS 5 1

)S( ujuteS 4 2

ugaR - )GR( ugar 3 3

)ST( ujuteS kadiT 2 4

tagnaS )STS( ujuteS kadiT 1 5


93

.F ataD nalupmugneP kinkeT

renoiseuk kinket nakanuggnem ini naitilenep adap atad nalupmugneP

.isatnemukod nad

.1 nakukalid gnay atad nalupmugnep kinket nakapurem renoiseuK

silutret naataynrep uata naaynatrep takgnarepes irebmem nagned

kutnu nednopser adapek .)241:9002 ,onoiguS( aynbawajid

.2 T lah ianegnem atad iracnem utiay isatnemukod kinke - uata lah

gnay lebairav ,piksnart ,natatac apureb halajam ,rabak tarus ,ukub

y .)93:9002 ,idahuM( isatnemukodret gna ini isatnemukod kinkeT

em kutnu nakanugid IX salek awsis rajaleb isatserp atad naklupmugn

IIX nad nasuruJ isnatnukA isnatnukA narajalep atam adap .

.G tileneP nemurtsnI nai

ianegnem awsis ispesrep ialinem kutnu nakanugid gnay rotakidnI

ispesrep nad ,narajalebmep aidem gnatnet awsis ispesrep ,salek naalolegnep

tukireb lebat adap aretret itrepes halada narajalebmep edotem gnatnet awsis

:ini

2.3 lebaT . isiK - renoiseuK isik neM kutnu rukug lebairaV ispesreP

K naalolegneP gnatneT awsiS sale

oN rotakidnI rituB .oN

fitisoP fitageN

A

nalipmareteK M atpicne nak naarahilemeP nadlamitpO gnay rajaleB isidnoK

1 paggnat pakis nakkujnuneM 4,3,2,1


04

2 naitahrep igabmeM 5 6

3 kopmolek naitahrep naktasumeM 7 9, 8

4 kujnutep nakirebmeM - salej gnay kujnutep 01

5 rugeneM 11

6 nataugnep irebmeM 21 B nagned nagnubuhreB gnay nalipmareteK

lamitpO gnay rajaleB isidnoK nailabmegneP

1 ukal hakgnit isakifidoM 31 41 2 naalolegneP kopmolek 61 ,51 71

3

gnay ukal hakgnit nakhacemem nad nakumeneMalasam naklubminem h

81 02 ,

91

3.3 lebaT . isiK - renoiseuK isik lebairaV rukugneM kutnu ispesreP

gnatneT awsiS nataafnameP narajalebmeP aideM

oN rotakidnI rituB .oN fitisoP fitageN

1 narajagnep naujut nagned natapeteK

12

2 narajagnep nahab isi padahret nagnukuD

32 ,22

3 aidem helorepmem nahadumeK

52 ,42

4 aynnakanuggnem malad urug nalipmareteK

72,62

5 aynnakanuggnem kutnu utkaw aidesreT

82

6 rikipreb farat nagned iauseS awsis

03 ,92


14

4.3 lebaT . isiK - renoiseuK isik rukugneM kutnu lebairaV ispesreP

gnatneT awsiS naanuggneP narajalebmeP edoteM

oN rotakidnI rituB .oN fitisoP fitageN

1 M rajaleb hariag uata tanim ,fitom naktikgnabmedirum 13 53

2 M nimajne nataigek nagnabmekrep - nataigekdirum naidabirpek 23 -

3 M gnay iserpske igab natapmesek nakirebmedirum naidabirpek irad fitaerk 33 63

4 M hibel rajaleb kutnu dirum nanigniek gnasgnarelpske nakukalem ,tujnal isavoni nad isaro

)naurahabmep( 43 -

5 kididneM nad iridnes rajaleb kinket malad dirumidabirp ahasu iulalem nauhategnep helorepmem 73 93

6

sitsilabrev tafisreb gnay naijaynep nakadaineM uata namalagnep nagned aynitnaggnem nad

naujutreb nad atayn gnay isautis 83

7

nakgnabmegnem nad nakmananeM ialin - nad ialinpakis - malad nakparahid gnay amatu pakis

malad kiab gnay ajrekeb arac naasaibekirahes napudihek - irah

04

14

8 upmam aynrihka adap raga dirum gnibmibmeMiridnes bawaj gnuggnat sata iridnes iridreb

24

.H naitileneP nemurtsnI naijugneP

nad satidilav naijugnep pukacnem naitilenep nemurtsni naijugneP

er il .satiliba

.1 satidilaV naijugneP

natakgnit nakkujnunem gnay naruku utaus halada satidilaV -

,idahuM( nemurtsni utaus nahihasek uata nadilavek natakgnit

d satidilav naijugneP .)24:9002 d nakukali nakisalerokgnem nagne roks

gnisam nabawaj - naaynatrep meti gnisam hurules latot roks nagned


24

meti sumur nakanuggnem nagned nakukalid satidilav naijugneP .

isalerok tnemoM tcudorP :tukireb iagabes utiay

𝑟𝑦𝑥 = 𝑁∑ 𝑌𝑋 −(∑𝑋)(∑𝑌)

��𝑁∑𝑋2−(∑𝑋)2][𝑛∑𝑌2−(∑𝑌)2�

:nagnareteK 𝑟 𝑦𝑥 lebairav aratna isalerok neisifeok = x lebairav nad y

Y meti latot roks �

X meti roks =

N nednopser halmuj =

nakanuggnem nagned gnutihid tapad r neisifeok ialin aynraseB

agned isalerok ,akiJ .%5 nakifingis n 𝑟ℎ 𝑔𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑖 adap irad raseb hibel

𝑟 𝑙𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑡 .dilav nakatakid tapad tubesret laos ritub akam

hibelret ,renoiseuk uata nemurtsni satidilav iuhategnem kutnU

.nednopser 03 adapek nakabocijuid ini nemurtsni meti uluhad

n = kd nagned utiay lebat r iracnem naidumeK - farat nagned 2

03 = kd( %5 isnakifingis - ;82 = 2 elorepid aggnihes )%5 163,0 lebat r h .

laD nautnab nakanuggnem itilenep ,ini satidilav iju naanaskalep ma

61 SSPS nargorp noituloS ecivreS dna tcudorP lacitsitatS( ) airetirK .

lebat r > gnutih r alibapa utiay ini nasutupek nalibmagnep n adap = 03

ingis farat adap besret nemurtsni meti akam %5 isnakif nakataynid tu

tubesret nemurtsni meti akam lebat r < gnutih r alibapa numaN .dilav

tapad ,nemurtsni satidilav naijugnep lisaH .dilav kadit adap tahilid

ini tukireb lebat


34

satidilaV ijU nagnutihreP lisaH .5.3 lebaT ispesreP nemurtsnI

awsiS t gnatne saleK naalolegneP

metI .oN gnutih r lebat r sisilanA 1 ,0 725 3,0 16 dilaV 2 ,0 876 ,0 163 dilaV 3 ,0 787 3,0 16 dilaV 4 ,0 944 3,0 16 dilaV 5 ,0 984 3,0 16 dilaV 6 ,0 757 3,0 16 dilaV 7 ,0 414 3,0 16 dilaV 8 ,0 784 3,0 16 dilaV 9 ,0 875 3,0 16 dilaV 01 ,0 234 3,0 16 dilaV 11 ,0 995 ,0 163 dilaV 21 ,0 714 3,0 16 dilaV 31 ,0 365 3,0 16 dilaV 41 ,0 406 3,0 16 dilaV 51 ,0 217 3,0 16 dilaV 61 ,0 075 3,0 16 dilaV 71 ,0 465 3,0 16 dilaV 81 ,0 187 3,0 16 dilaV 91 ,0 795 3,0 16 dilaV 02 ,0 726 3,0 16 dilaV

.3 lebaT 6 lisaH . satidilaV ijU nagnutihreP ispesreP nemurtsnI

t awsiS gnatne narajalebmeP aideM

metI .oN gnutih r lebat r sisilanA 1 175,0 3,0 16 dilaV 2 565,0 ,0 163 dilaV 3 564,0 3,0 16 dilaV 4 155,0 3,0 16 dilaV 5 475,0 3,0 16 dilaV 6 116,0 3,0 16 dilaV


44

.3 lebaT 7 satidilaV ijU nagnutihreP lisaH . ispesreP nemurtsnI

t awsiS gnatne narajalebmeP edoteM

metI .oN gnutih r lebat r sisilanA 1 ,0 985 3,0 16 dilaV 2 ,0 045 ,0 163 dilaV 3 ,0 005 3,0 16 dilaV 4 ,0 175 3,0 16 dilaV 5 ,0 683 3,0 16 dilaV 6 ,0 534 3,0 16 dilaV 7 ,0 326 3,0 16 dilaV 8 ,0 854 3,0 16 dilaV 9 ,0 635 3,0 16 dilaV 01 ,0 705 3,0 16 dilaV 11 ,0 594 3,0 16 dilaV 21 ,0 367 3,0 16 dilaV

.2 satilibaileR naijugneP

utaus awhab naitregnep utaus adap nakkujnunem satilibaileR

tala iagabes nakanugid kutnu ayacrepid tapad pukuc nemurtsni

,idahuM( kiab pukuc hadus tubesret nemurtsni anerak atad lupmugnep

nagnutihrep adap nakrasadid satilibailer naijugneP .)64:9002 eisifeok n

ahpla (𝛼 irad ) hcabnorC :tukireb iagabes utiay

𝑟11 =� 𝑘

𝑘−1�(1−∑𝜎𝑏2

𝜎2𝑡 )

7 535,0 3,0 16 dilaV 8 616,0 3,0 16 dilaV 9 246,0 3,0 16 dilaV 01 ,0 676 3,0 16 dilaV


54

:nagnareteK 𝑟 11 = er il a nemurtsni satilib

laos aynkaynab uata naataynrep ritub aynkaynab = k

∑𝜎𝑏2 ritub snairav halmuj =

𝜎2𝑡 latot snairav =

,0 irad hibel ahpla ialin akiJ naitilenep nemurtsni akam ,06

pla ialin akij aynkilabeS .lebailer nakataynid akam ,06,0 irad gnaruk ah

urtsni lenep nem lebailer kadit nakataynid naiti ,ylannuN( )7691 .

kutnU ,satilibailer aynhadner iggnit nakisaterpretnignem

ireb iagabes halada nakanugid gnay namodep :tuk

naucA .8.3 lebaT satilibaileR isaterpretnI

oN . satilibaileR neisifeoK naialineP airetirK

1 08,0 - 00,1 iggniT tagnaS

2 06,0 - 97,0 iggniT

3 04,0 - 95,0 pukuC

4 02,0 - 93,0 hadneR

5 00,0 - 91,0 hadneR tagnaS

a lisah iraD neisifeok helorepid tubesret sisilan satilibailer

:tukireb iagabes


64

9.3 lebaT . ijU lisaH satilibaileR

.oN naitileneP lebairaV Ri k

1 salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesreP 919,0 06,0

2 ispesreP lebmep aidem gnatnet awsis a naraj 568,0 06,0

3 narajalebmep edotem gnatnet awsis ispesreP 648,0 06,0

sadreB nauca nakra etni ,sata id satilibailer isaterpr iuhatekid

renoiseuk awhab k naalolegnep lebairav akgnit ikilimem sale t

satilibailer p aidem lebairav ,iggnit tagnas gnay ikilimem narajalebme

er takgnit satilibail p edotem lebairav nad ,iggnit tagnas gnay arajagne n

satilibailer takgnit ikilimem aguj .iggnit tagnas gnay

.I kinkeT ataD sisilanA

.1 fitpirkseD kitsitatS

fitpirksed akitsitatS alada kutnu nakanugid gnay kitsitats h

nakrabmaggnem uata nakispirksednem arac nagned atad sisilanagnem

duskamreb apnat aynada anamiagabes lupmukret halet gnay atad

asilareneg uata mumu kutnu ukalreb gnay nalupmisek taubmem s i

:9002 ,onoiguS( .)741


74

.2 taraysarP ijU sisilanA

.a satilamroN ijU

alajeg iuhategnem kutnu nakukalid satilamron ijU - alajeg

.kadit hakuata lamron isubirtsidreb atad hakapa itiletid gnay

sumur nakrasadreb nakukalid satilamron naijugneP enO - elpmaS

vorogomloK - vonrimS :utiay )522:9991 ,onoiguS(

D = [xaM 𝐹𝑜(𝑋1) − 𝑆𝑛(𝑋1)]

: nagnareteK

mumiskam isaiveD = D

𝐹𝑜(𝑋1) nakutnetid gnay fitalumuk isneukerf isubirtsid isgnuF =

𝑆𝑛(𝑋2) isavresboid gnay isneukerf isubirtsid isgnuF =

ialin akiJ 𝐹ℎ 𝑔𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑖 irad raseb hibel 𝐹 𝑙𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑡 farat adap

.lamron nakatakid atad isubirtsid akam ,%5 isnakifingis

akij ,aynkilabeS 𝐹ℎ 𝑔𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑖 irad licek hibel 𝐹 𝑙𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑡 birtsid akam isu

.lamron kadit nakatakid atad

.b einilokitluM ijU satir

einilokitlum ijU kamid satir s ada iuhategnem kutnu nakdu

lebairav aratna nakifingis gnay )isalerok( nagnubuh aynkadit

nakifingis( iggnit pukuc gnay nagnubuh tapadret akiJ .sabeb

ini laH .sabeb lebairav adap rukuid amas gnay kepsa ada itrareb


84

birtnok ihunemem kutnu nakanugid kayal kadit isu araces

amasreb - .takiret lebairav padahret sabeb lebairav amas

nagned nakukalid satiraenilokitlum naasakiremeP

( FIV nakanuggnem rotcaF noitalfnI ecnairaV tiakret gnay )

nagned 𝑋ℎ :utiay

(FIV 𝑋ℎ ) = 1

1 − Rh2

nagneD Rh2 irad tardauk isalerok halada 𝑋ℎ lebairav nagned

.aynnial sabeb :halada nakanugid gnay airetirK

)1 ecnarelot ikilimem uata 1 akgna ratikes id FIV ialin akiJ

halasam tapadret kadit nakatakid akam ,1 itakednem

iserger ledom malad satiraenilokitlum

)2 isalerok neisifeok akiJ gnaruk sabeb lebairav aratna ,5,0 irad

.satiraenilokitlum halasam tapadret kadit akam

.c oreteH ijU s sadek ti is sat

oreteH s sadek ti is alibapa iserger malad idajret sat nairav

rorre ( i uata natsnok kadit x ialin aparebeb kutnu ) habureb -

habu . kutnu nakanugid gnay edotem ini naitilenep malaD

sadeksoreteh alajeg isketednem ti is kifarg tahilem nagned sat

nagned )DERPZ( takiret lebarav iskiderp ialin aratna tolp

.)DISERS( aynlaudiser

aynkadit ada isketeD satisitsadeksoreteh alid tapad nakuk

tolprettacs kifarg adap utnetret alop aynkadit ada tahilem nagned

gnay Y halada Y ubmus anamid DISERS nada DERPZ aratna


94

ubmus nad ,iskiderpid halet iskiderp Y( laudiser halada X – Y

.dezitnedutS id katelret gnay )aynhuggnuses

)1 kitit ada akiJ - nay kitit rutaret gnay utnetret alop kutnebmem g

akam idajret halet nakisakifitnedignem satisitsadeksoreteh .

)2 kitit atres ,salej gnay alop ada kadit akiJ - id rabeynem kitit

id nad sata idajret kadit akam ,Y ubmus adap 0 akgna hawab

satisitsadeksoreteh .

.d ijU isalerokotuA

lebairav ialin aratna isalerok utaus halada isalerokotua ijU

hibel uata utas gal adap amas gnay lebairav ialin nagned

.aynmulebes

iju nagned nakukalid naijugneP kitsitats nostaW nibruD

:sumur nagned

:nagnareteK

D ialin = d - tats W

e i edoirep adap iserger naamasrep irad laudiser ialin =

e𝑖−1 = i edoirep adap iserger naamasrep irad laudiser ialin -1


05

nalibmagnep lebat d ialin nakgnidnabid gnutih d naidumeK

tukireb lah sata nakrasadid ,isalerokotua aynkadit ada nasutupek

: ini

)1 uata sata satab aratna katelret WD ialin aliB uob reppu nd

4( nad )ud( - )ud isalerokotua neisifeok akam , nagned amas

.isalerokotua alajeg idajret kadit itrareb ,lon

)2 r hibel WD ialin aliB uata hawab satab adapirad hadne rewol

uob nd ld( okotua neisifeok akam ,) adapirad raseb hibel isaler

.fitisop isalerokotua idajret itrareb ,lon

)3 lin aliB 4( adapirad raseb hibel WD ia - ld neisifeok akam ,)

rokotua isale ,lon adapirad licek hibel idajret itrareb

.fitagen isalerokotua

)4 nad )ud( sata satab aratnaid katelret WD aliB hawab satab

4( aratna katelret WD uata )ld( - 4( nad )ud - aynlisah akam ,)ld

.naklupmisid tapad kadit

nakotap libmaid asib ,naikimed numaN tukireb iagabes :

)1 D akgnA - hawab id W - .isalerokotua ada itrareb 2

)2 D akgnA - aratna id W - ada kadit itrareb ,2+ iapmas 2

.isalerokotua

)3 D akgnA - .fitagen isalerokotua ada itrareb 2+ sata id W


15

.3 sisetopiH ijU

.a isergeR sisilanA

iuhategnem kutnu nakanugid anahredes iserger sisilanA

isalerok neisifeok iserger nad adap lebairav awsis ispesrep

olegnep gnatnet nagned salek naal ispesrep ,rajaleb isatserp

net awsis gnat nataafnamep nagned narajalebmep aidem isatserp

gnatnet awsis ispesrep nad ,awsis naanuggnep aidem

narajalebmep nagned .awsis isatserp

P gnem nagned nakukalid sisetopih paites naijugne nakanug

anahredes iserger sumur :

Xb + a =Y

:nagnareteK

Y takiret lebairaV =

X sabeb lebairaV =

atnatsnok ialiN = a

K = b iserger hara neisifeo

:sumur nagned gnutihid tapad a agraH

= a∑𝑌 (∑𝑥2)− ∑𝑋 .∑𝑌

𝑛 ∑𝑥2− (∑𝑋)2

:sumur nagned gnutihid tapad b agraH

= b𝑛∑ 𝑌𝑋 − ∑ 𝑋 .∑ 𝑌𝑋

𝑛∑𝑥2−(∑𝑋)2


25

akij kalotid oH halada ini naijugnep lisah airetirK

𝑡ℎ 𝑔𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑖 > 𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑡 akij amiretid oH nad 𝑡ℎ 𝑔𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑖 <

𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑡 .

.b adnaG isergeR sisilanA

ianegnem sisetopih ijugnem kutnu nakanugid ini sisilanA

aidem ,salek naalolegnep huragnep edotem nad ,narajalebmep

amasreb araces narajalebmep - ahret amas rajaleb isatserp pad

adnag iserger naijugneP .awsis iagabes naamasrep nakanuggnem

tukireb :

1b + a = Y 𝑋1 2b + 𝑋2 3b + 𝑋3

:nagnareteK

Y = takiret lebairav

a = atnatsnok

𝑋1 = 1 sabeb lebairav



m naidumeK Y lebairav aratna isalerok neisifeok iracne

:sumur nagned 3X nad 2X ,IX rotkiderp nagned

yxR ( 321 ) =�a1 x1y+ a2 x2 y+ a3 x3 y

y2

: nagnareteK yxR ( 321 ) : Y lebairav aratna isalerok neisifeok

nagned x1 , x2 , x3


35

a1 : sabeb lebairav neisifeok x1



x1y : aratna ilak lisah halmuj x1 y nagned



y2 : y muiretirk tardauk halmuj


45

BAB IV

NASAHABMEP NAD ATAD SISILANA

.A ataD ispirkseD

baB I nad atad sisilana ianegnem nakijaynem naka ini V

itupilem atad sisilanA .aynnasahabmep sisilana taraysarp iju nad sisilana

anahredes iserger nautnab nagned nakukalid ini atad sisilana nagnutihreP .

margorp nakanuggnem nad retupmok .0.61 isrev swodniw rof SSPS

1102 sutsugA 9 laggnat adap nakukalid halet ini naitileneP KMS id

kejbuS .mekaP ayajnaS IX salek awsis halada ini naitilenep malad

awsis 03 halmujreb gnay isnatnukA awsis 03 nednopser halmuj nad . P ada

1102 rebmetpeS 91 laggnat ukalid naitilenep nak gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS id

isnatnukA IIX salek awsis halada naitilenep kejbus nagned halmujreb gnay

gnades ,awsis 77 es adap nednopser halmuj nak awsis 07 halmujreb ini halok

.halokes kusam kadit awsis 7 anerak

.1 mekaP ayajnaS KMS

.a gnatnet awsiS ispesreP saleK naalolegneP

awsis ispesrep lebairav isaterpretni lisah nakijasid ini tukireB

mekaP ayajnaS KMS .salek naalolegnep gnatnet


55

awsiS ispesreP lebairaV naialineP isaterpretnI .1.4 lebaT KMS

ayajnaS saleK naalolegneP gnatnet

.oN rokS lavretnI isneukerF Per esatnes airetirK 1 58 - 001 11 7,63 kiaB tagnaS 2 37 - 48 81 06 kiaB 3 56 - 27 1 3,3 pukuC 4 75 - 46 0 0 kuruB 5 75< 0 0 kuruB tagnaS halmuJ 03 001

lebat iraD 11 awhab iuhatekid tapad sata 7,63( awsis )% id

ayajnaS KMS gnatnet kiab tagnas gnay ispesrep ikilimem

legnep 06( 81 ,salek naalo gnay ispesrep ikilimem awsis )% 1 ,kiab

3,3( )%0( ada kadit nad ,pukuc gnay ispesrep ikilimem awsis )%

ispesrep ikilimem gnay awsis nad kurub gnay gnatnet kurub tagnas

ialin nagnutihrep nagned gnukudid ini laH .salek naalolegnep naem

= 38 ; sudom 53,18 = ; naidem 71,28 = ; radnats d isaived 5 = .

lebairav naialinep isaterpretni isakifitnedi lisah nakrasadreB

alek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagned s PAP nakanuggnem

awsis ispesrep awhab naklupmisid tapad II epiT ayajnaS KMS

mekaP salek naalolegnep gnatnet kiab irogetak malad kusamret

06( .)%


65

.b nataafnameP narajalebmep aideM


mekaP ayajnaS KMS .narajalebmep aidem nataafnamep gnatnet

awsiS ispesreP lebairaV naialineP isaterpretnI .2.4 lebaT KMS

ayajnaS narajalebmeP aideM nataafnameP gnatnet

.oN rokS lavretnI isneukerF reP esatnes airetirK 1 24 - 05 61 3,35 kiaB tagnaS 2 63 - 14 41 7,64 kiaB 3 23 - 53 0 0 pukuC 4 82 - 13 0 0 kuruB 5 82 < 0 0 kuruB tagnaS halmuJ 03 001

tapad sata id lebat iraD 3,35( 61 awhab iuhatekid awsis )%

ayajnaS KMS gnatnet kiab tagnas gnay ispesrep ikilimem

nataafnamep narajalebmep aidem 7,64( 41 , ikilimem awsis )%

gnay ispesrep 0( ada kadit nad ,kiab awsis )% gnay ispesrep ikilimem

kurub tagnas nad kurub ,pukuc gnay gnatnet nataafnamep aidem

narajalebmep ialin nagnutihrep nagned gnukudid ini laH . naem =

5,24 ; sudom 7,93 = ; naidem 71,14 = ; radnats d isaived .18,3 =

av naialinep isaterpretni isakifitnedi lisah nakrasadreB lebair

nagned narajalebmep aidem nataafnamep gnatnet awsis ispesrep

awsis ispesrep awhab naklupmisid tapad II epiT PAP nakanuggnem

mekaP ayajnaS KMS narajalebmep aidem nataafnamep gnatnet

irogetak malad kusamret 3,35( kiab tagnas .)%


75

.c naanuggneP ebmeP edoteM narajal


mekaP ayajnaS KMS .narajalebmep edotem naanuggnep gnatnet

.4 lebaT 3 awsiS ispesreP lebairaV naialineP isaterpretnI . KMS

ayajnaS narajalebmeP edoteM naanuggneP gnatnet

.oN lavretnI rokS isneukerF reP esatnes airetirK 1 15 – 06 01 3,33 kiaB tagnaS 2 44 – 05 91 3,36 kiaB 3 93 – 34 1 3,3 pukuC 4 43 – 83 0 0 kuruB 5 43 < 0 0 kuruB tagnaS halmuJ 03 001

lebat iraD 3,33( 01 awhab iuhatekid tapad sata id awsis )%

ayajnaS KMS ikilimem gnatnet kiab tagnas gnay ispesrep

rajalebmep edotem naanuggnep 91 ,na 3,36( ikilimem awsis )%

gnay ispesrep 1( 1 ,kiab nad ,pukuc gnay ispesrep ikilimem awsis )%

ispesrep ikilimem gnay awsis )%0( ada kadit nad kurub kurub tagnas

mep edotem naanuggnep gnatnet nagned gnukudid ini laH .narajaleb

ialin nagnutihrep naem 9,94 = ; sudom 7,93 = ; naidem 53,93 = ;

radnats d isaived 59,3 = .


nep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagned narajalebmep edotem naanugg

nakanuggnem awsis ispesrep awhab naklupmisid tapad II epiT PAP

mekaP ayajnaS KMS narajalebmep edotem naanuggnep gnatnet

( kiab irogetak malad kusamret 3,36 .)%


85

.d awsiS isatserP naialineP isaterpretnI


mekaP ayajnaS KMS .awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp gnatnet

awsiS rajaleB isatserP naialineP isaterpretnI .4.4 lebaT KMS

ayajnaS

.oN rokS lavretnI isneukerF P re esatnes airetirK 1 18 – 001 61 3,35 kiaB tagnaS 2 66 – 08 41 7,64 kiaB 3 65 – 56 0 0 pukuC 4 64 – 55 0 0 kuruB 5 64 < 0 0 kuruB tagnaS halmuJ 03 001

awsis )%3,35( 61 awhab iuhatekid tapad sata id lebat iraD

ayajnaS KMS )%7,64( 41 ,kiab tagnas gnay rajaleb isatserp ikilimem

awsis )%0( ada kadit nad ,kiab isatserpreb awsis gnay isatserpreb

.kurub tagnas nad kurub ,pukuc nagned gnukudid ini laH

ialin nagnutihrep naem ;28 = sudom ;5,87 = naidem ;31,18 =

radnats d isaived ,4 = 43 .

ispesrep naialinep isaterpretni isakifitnedi lisah nakrasadreB

sis nagned rajaleb isatserp gnatnet aw PAP nakanuggnem II epiT

awsis rajaleb isatserp awhab naklupmisid tapad ayajnaS KMS

mekaP 7,64( kiab irogetak malad kusamret .)%


95

.2 gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS

.a saleK naalolegneP gnatnet awsiS ispesreP


gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS .salek naalolegnep gnatnet

5.4 lebaT awsiS ispesreP lebairaV naialineP isaterpretnI . KMS

KKPY P gnatnet saleK naalolegne

.oN rokS lavretnI isneukerF Per esatnes airetirK 1 58 - 001 61 8,22 kiaB tagnaS 2 37 - 48 54 2,46 kiaB 3 56 - 27 4 6 pukuC 4 75 - 46 5 7 kuruB 5 75< 0 0 kuruB tagnaS halmuJ 07 001

awsis )%8,22( 61 awhab iuhatekid tapad sata lebat iraD KMS

KKPY naalolegnep gnatnet kiab tagnas gnay ispesrep ikilimem

awsis )%6( 4 ,kiab gnay ispesrep ikilimem awsis )%2,46( 54 ,salek

ispesrep ikilimem gnay awsis )%7( 5 ,pukuc gnay ispesrep ikilimem

nad kurub gnay awsis )%0( ada kadit gnay ispesrep ikilimem gnay

agnas nagned gnukudid ini laH .salek naalolegnep gnatnet kurub t

ialin nagnutihrep naem 7,97 = ; sudom 38 = ; naidem 18 = ; radnats d

isaived 42,7 = .


wsis ispesrep nagned salek naalolegnep gnatnet a PAP nakanuggnem

awsis ispesrep awhab naklupmisid tapad II epiT KKPY KMS

salek naalolegnep gnatnet 2,46( kiab irogetak malad kusamret .)%


06

.b nataafnameP narajalebmep aideM


gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS .narajalebmep aidem nataafnamep gnatnet

6.4 lebaT awsiS ispesreP lebairaV naialineP isaterpretnI . KMS

KKPY narajalebmeP aideM nataafnameP gnatnet

.oN rokS lavretnI isneukerF reP esatnes airetirK 1 24 - 05 22 4,13 kiaB tagnaS 2 63 - 14 83 3,45 kiaB 3 23 - 53 01 3,41 pukuC 4 82 - 13 0 0 kuruB 5 82 < 0 0 kuruB tagnaS halmuJ 07 001

tapad sata id lebat iraD 4,13( 22 awhab iuhatekid awsis )%

KKPY KMS aidem gnatnet kiab tagnas gnay ispesrep ikilimem

narajalebmep 3,45( 83 , gnay ispesrep ikilimem awsis )% ,kiab 01

nad ,pukuc ispesrep ikilimem gnay awsis )%3,41( 0( ada kadit )%

awsis gnay gnay ispesrep ikilimem kurub tagnas nad kurub gnatnet

nataafnamep narajalebmep aidem nagned gnukudid ini laH .

ialin nagnutihrep naem 37,93 = ; sudom 04 = ; naidem 38,93 = ;

ats radn d isaived 6,3 = .


gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagned narajalebmep aidem nataafnamep


KKPY KMS narajalebmep aidem nataafnamep gnatnet kusamret

3,45( kiab irogetak malad .)%


16

.c naanuggneP narajalebmeP edoteM

retni lisah nakijasid ini tukireB awsis ispesrep lebairav isaterp

gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS .narajalebmep edotem naanuggnep gnatnet

.4 lebaT 7 awsiS ispesreP lebairaV naialineP isaterpretnI . KMS

KKPY narajalebmeP edoteM naanuggneP gnatnet

.oN rokS lavretnI isneukerF reP esatnes airetirK 1 15 – 06 51 4,12 kiaB tagnaS 2 44 – 05 93 7,55 kiaB 3 93 – 34 01 3,41 pukuC 4 43 – 83 6 6,8 kuruB 5 43 < 0 0 kuruB tagnaS halmuJ 07 001

lebat iraD 4,12( 51 awhab iuhatekid tapad sata id awsis )%

KKPY KMS gnatnet kiab tagnas gnay ispesrep ikilimem

rajalebmep edotem naanuggnep 7,55( 93 ,na ikilimem awsis )%

gnay ispesrep 3,41( 01 ,kiab gnay ispesrep ikilimem awsis )% ,pukuc

6,8( 6 nad srep ikilimem awsis )% ada kadit nad ,kurub gnay ispe

naanuggnep gnatnet kurub tagnas ispesrep ikilimem gnay awsis )%0(

ialin nagnutihrep nagned gnukudid ini laH .narajalebmep edotem

naem 6,64 = ; sudom 94 = ; naidem 84 = ; radnats d isaived 5,5 = .

isakifitnedi lisah nakrasadreB lebairav naialinep isaterpretni

em naanuggnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagned narajalebmep edot


KKPY KMS kusamret narajalebmep edotem naanuggnep gnatnet

5( kiab irogetak malad 7,5 .)%


26

.d isaterpretnI awsiS isatserP naialineP


gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS .awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp gnatnet

8.4 lebaT awsiS rajaleB isatserP naialineP isaterpretnI . KMS

KKPY

.oN rokS lavretnI isneukerF P re esatnes airetirK 1 18 – 001 11 7,51 kiaB tagnaS 2 66 – 08 95 3,48 kiaB 3 65 – 56 0 0 pukuC 4 64 – 55 0 0 kuruB 5 64 < 0 0 kuruB tagnaS halmuJ 07 001

awsis )%7,51( 11 awhab iuhatekid tapad sata id lebat iraD

KKPY KMS )%3,48( 95 ,kiab tagnas gnay rajaleb isatserp ikilimem

,pukuc isatserpreb awsis )%0( ada kadit nad ,kiab isatserpreb awsis

ialin nagnutihrep nagned gnukudid ini laH .kurub tagnas nad kurub

naem ;7,57 = sudom ;5,47 = naidem ;57 = radnats d isaived .4 =

ispesrep naialinep isaterpretni isakifitnedi lisah nakrasadreB

sis nagned rajaleb isatserp gnatnet aw II epiT PAP nakanuggnem

awsis rajaleb isatserp awhab naklupmisid tapad KKPY KMS

%3,48( kiab irogetak malad kusamret .)


36

.3 gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS nad ayajnaS KMS

audek id awsis adap kujurem ”awsis“ atak ini naigab id naiaru adaP

utiay halokes s nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS id awsis KKPY KMS id awsi

.gnipmaG 1



gnatnet salek naalolegnep .

9.4 lebaT ialineP isaterpretnI . lebairaV na awsiS ispesreP

t saleK naalolegneP gnatne

.oN rokS lavretnI isneukerF Per esatnes airetirK 1 58 - 001 82 82 kiaB tagnaS 2 37 - 48 26 26 kiaB 3 56 - 27 5 5 pukuC 4 75 - 46 5 5 kuruB 5 < 75 0 0 tagnaS kuruB halmuJ 001 001

lebat iraD 82 awhab iuhatekid tapad sata 2( awsis )%8

ispesrep ikilimem kiab tagnas gnay legnep gnatnet 26 ,salek naalo

awsis )%26( gnay ispesrep ikilimem awsis )%5( 5 ,kiab ikilimem

gnay ispesrep 5 nad ,pukuc 5( awsis )% gnay ispesrep ikilimem

kurub gnay awsis )%0( ada kadit nad , ispesrep ikilimem gnay

salek naalolegnep gnatnet kurub tagnas nagned gnukudid ini laH .

ialin nagnutihrep naem = 58,08 ; sudom 28,28 = ; naidem 9,18 = ;

radnats d isaived 8,6 = .


46

lisah nakrasadreB lebairav naialinep isaterpretni isakifitnedi

is ispesrep nagned salek naalolegnep gnatnet aws PAP nakanuggnem

II epiT tapad awhab naklupmisid gnatnet awsis ispesrep

salek naalolegnep 26( kiab irogetak malad kusamret .)%

.b P aideM nataafnameP narajalebme

tukireB awsis ispesrep lebairav isaterpretni lisah nakijasid ini

.narajalebmep aidem nataafnamep gnatnet

01.4 lebaT ialineP isaterpretnI . lebairaV na awsiS ispesreP

t gnatne nataafnameP narajalebmeP aideM

.oN rokS lavretnI isneukerF reP esatnes airetirK 1 24 - 05 73 73 kiaB tagnaS 2 63 - 14 45 45 kiaB 3 23 - 53 9 9 pukuC 4 82 - 13 0 0 kuruB 5 82 < 0 0 kuruB tagnaS halmuJ 001 001

lebat iraD tapad sata id 73( 73 awhab iuhatekid awsis )%

ep ikilimem ispesr kiab tagnas gnay gnatnet nataafnamep aidem

p awsis )%45( 45 ,narajalebme gnay ispesrep ikilimem 9( 9 ,kiab )%

awsis kadit nad ,pukuc gnay ispesrep ikilimem ada 0( awsis )% gnay

ispesrep ikilimem kurub kurub tagnas nad agned gnukudid ini laH . n


s radnat d isaived 8,3 = .


56


ispesrep aidem nataafnamep gnatnet awsis nagned nakanuggnem

II epiT PAP awhab naklupmisid tapad ispesrep gnatnet awsis

narajalebmep aidem nataafnamep malad kusamret kiab irogetak

45( .)%

.c naanuggneP narajalebmeP edoteM


p gnatnet edotem naanuggne .narajalebmep

11.4 lebaT isaterpretnI . lebairaV naialineP wsiS ispesreP a

t gnatne naanuggneP edoteM narajalebmeP

.oN rokS lavretnI isneukerF reP esatnes airetirK 1 15 - 06 52 52 kiaB tagnaS 2 44 - 05 85 85 kiaB 3 93 - 34 21 21 pukuC 4 43 - 83 5 5 kuruB 5 43 < 0 0 kuruB tagnaS halmuJ 001 001

lebat iraD 52( 52 awhab iuhatekid tapad sata id awsis )%

ispesrep ikilimem kiab tagnas gnay gnatnet edotem naanuggnep

p awsis )%85( 85 ,narajalebme gnay ispesrep ikilimem 21 ,kiab

21( awsis )% gnay ispesrep ikilimem awsis )%5( 5 nad ,pukuc

gnay ispesrep ikilimem kurub gnay awsis )%0( ada kadit nad ,

kurub tagnas ispesrep ikilimem edotem naanuggnep gnatnet

narajalebmep ialin nagnutihrep nagned gnukudid ini laH . naem =

84 ; sudom 58,84 = ; naidem 6,84 = ; radnats d isaived 3,5 = .


66


natnet awsis ispesrep ebmep edotem naanuggnep g narajal nagned

II epiT PAP nakanuggnem awsis ispesrep awhab naklupmisid tapad

narajalebmep edotem naanuggnep gnatnet kusamret irogetak malad

( kiab 58 .)%

.d awsiS isatserP naialineP isaterpretnI


.awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp gnatnet

21.4 lebaT awsiS rajaleB isatserP naialineP isaterpretnI .

.oN rokS lavretnI isneukerF P re esatnes airetirK 1 18 - 001 82 82 kiaB tagnaS 2 66 - 08 17 17 kiaB 3 65 - 56 1 1 pukuC 4 64 - 55 0 0 kuruB 5 64 < 0 0 tagnaS kuruB halmuJ 001 001

lebat iraD 82( 82 awhab iuhatekid tapad sata id awsis )%

tserp ikilimem awsis )%17( 17 ,kiab tagnas gnay rajaleb isa

isatserpreb ,kiab ( 1 1%) awsis isatserpreb ,pukuc ( ada kadit nad %0 )

awsis isatserpreb kurub kurub tagnas nad nagned gnukudid ini laH .


radnats d isaived 2,5 =

isakifitnedi lisah nakrasadreB naialinep isaterpretni ispesrep

rajaleb isatserp gnatnet awsis nagned II epiT PAP nakanuggnem


76

awhab naklupmisid tapad awsis rajaleb isatserp malad kusamret

17( kiab irogetak .)%

.B ataD sisilanA

.1 ataD sisilanA taraysarP naijugneP

.a satilamroN naijugneP

kutnu nakukalid satilamron naijugneP isidnok iuhategnem

aynatad hakapa lebairav ijU .kadit uata lamron isubirtsidreb

margorp nagned gnutihid satilamron .0.61 isrev swodniw rof SSPS

nagned nakukalid nad enO - vorogomloK elpmaS - vonrimS ini tukireB .

tubesret satilamron iju irad lisah halada .

31.4 lebaT lisaH . ataD satilamroN ijU naitileneP id KMS

mekaP ayajnaS

enO - vorogomloK elpmaS - tseT vonrimS dezidradnatsnU

laudiseR

N 03 sretemaraP lamroN a naeM 0000000.

noitaiveD .dtS 37119730.4 emertxE tsoM

secnereffiD etulosbA 251.

evitisoP 251. evitageN - 080.

vorogomloK - Z vonrimS 338. 2( .giS .pmysA - )deliat 194.

.lamroN si noitubirtsid tseT .a


86

lisaH naijugnep vorogomloK - vonrimS kutnu naitilenep atad

mekaP ayajnaS KMS adap ialin helorepid ecnacifingiS citotpmysA

( giS .pmysA 194,0 = ) nagned nakgnidnabid tubesret ialin naidumeK .

ialin aneraK .50,0 = A giS .pmys > atad akam isubirtsidreb

.lamron

41.4 lebaT . lisaH ataD satilamroN ijU naitileneP KKPY KMS id

aG 1 gnipm


laudiseR


.dtS noitaiveD 55352268.3 emertxE tsoM






gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS adap ialin helorepid citotpmysA

ecnacifingiS ( giS .pmysA 113,0 = ) tubesret ialin naidumeK .

nagned nakgnidnabid ialin aneraK .50,0 = A giS .pmys > akam

atad .lamron isubirtsidreb


96

51.4 lebaT lisaH . ataD satilamroN ijU naitileneP K aude halokeS


laudiseR





vorogomloK - Z vonrimS 408. .giS .pmysA 2( - )deliat 835.



ek halokes aud ialin helorepid iS citotpmysA ifing ecnac ( giS .pmysA )

835,0 = nagned nakgnidnabid tubesret ialin naidumeK . .50,0 =

ialin aneraK A giS .pmys > atad akam .lamron isubirtsidreb

.b nilokitluM ijU ei satir

ijU nilokitlum ei satir ada iuhategnem kutnu nakduskamid

.sabeb lebairav aratna nakifingis gnay )isalerok( nagnubuh aynkadit

nakifingis( iggnit pukuc gnay nagnubuh tapadret akiJ ) ada itrareb

kayal kadit ini laH .sabeb lebairav adap rukuid amas gnay kepsa

amasreb araces isubirtnok ihunemem kutnu nakanugid - lebairav amas

.takiret lebairav padahret sabeb naijugneP satireinilokitlum tapad

ialin irad tahilid V ecnaira F ecnalfnI rotca IV( lisah nakrasadreb )F


07

01 < FIV ialin alibapA .SSPS tuptuo tapad 1 itakednem nad

aynada ismusa awhab naklupmisid satireinilokitlum .kalotid lisaH

sisilana satireinilokitlum :ini hawab id lebat adap tahilid tapad

satireinilokitluM ijU lisaH .61.4 lebaT

B re V ialin helorepid naitilenep lisah nakrasad lebairav kutnu FI

wsis ispesrep salek naalolegnep gnatnet a ,1 rasebes kutnu ,320

irav mep gnatnet awsis ispesrep leba a narajalebmep aidem nataafn

naanuggnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep lebairav kutnu nad 090,1 rasebes

.211,1 rasebes narajalebmep edotem FIV ataynreT 1 itakednem

ialin ,alup naikimeD .sabeb lebairav aumes kutnu ecnarelot

stneiciffeoC a

ledoM

scitsitatS ytiraenilloC

ecnareloT FIV

1 saleK.gneP 779. 320.1

aideM 819. 090.1

edoteM 998. 211.1

isatserP :elbairaV tnednepeD .a

snoitalerroC tneiciffeoC a

ledoM edoteM saleK.gneP aideM

1 snoitalerroC edoteM 000.1 - 141. - 382.

saleK.gneP - 141. 000.1 - 010.

aideM - 382. - 010. 000.1

secnairavoC edoteM 010. - 100. - 400.

saleK.gneP - 100. 500. - E035.9 -5

aideM - 400. - E035.9 -5 710.

epeD .a isatserP :elbairaV tnedn


17

neD .sabeb lebairav aumes kutnu 1 itakednem tapad naikimed nag

sabeb lebairav aratna iserger malad awhab naklupmisid ispesrep

gnatnet awsis ispesrep ,)1X( salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis

naanuggnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nad )2X( aidem nataafnamep

)Y( rajaleb isatserp nagned )3X( narajalebmep edotem idajret kadit

.sabeb lebairav ratna satireinilokitlum

naigab adaP snoitalerroc tneiciffeoc akgna aumes tahilret

ini laH .50,0 hawab id huaj nednepedni lebairav ratna isalerok

ledom malad satireinilokitlum melborp aynada kadit nakkujnunem

.sata id iserger

.c ijU isalerokotuA

isalerokotua aynidajreT huragnep naktabikagnem naka araces

ap U .taruka gnaruk idajnem laisr kutn aynkadit ada iuhategnem

alajeg ,isalerokutua nagned naijugnep nakukalid naka akam

iju nakanuggnem nostaW nibruD gnay aynlisah tahilid tapad adap

:ini hawab id lebat

isalerokotuA ijU lisaH .71.4 lebaT

B

e

yrammuS ledoM b

ledoM R erauqS R

R detsujdA

erauqS

eht fo rorrE .dtS

etamitsE nibruD - nostaW

1 313. a 890. 070. 168.4 8.1 46

aideM ,saleK.gneP ,edoteM ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP .a

tnednepeD .b isatserP :elbairaV


27

reB WD ialin awhab naklupmisid tapad sata id lebat nakrasad

aratna id adareb tubesret WD akgnA .468,1 rasebes - iapmas 2

alajeg idajret kadit itrareb 2 nagned isalerokotua naikimed nagneD .

ihuragnepid kadit lebairav ratna isalerok edoirep atad helo

.aynmulebes

.d ijU oreteH s sadek sit sati

iju irad lisaH oreteh s sadek sit sati kifarg adap tahilid tapad

:ini hawabid

1.4 rabmaG H ijU lisaH tolprettacS . orete s sadek sit sati

kifarg nakanuggnem nagned natamagnep lisaH tolprettacs tapad

nad hawab id rabeynem alop tahilret awhab iuhatekid akgna sata id

laH .Y ubmus lon idajret kadit awhab nakisakifitnedignem ini

oreteh s sadek ti is .sat


37

.2 sisetopiH naijugneP

.a irad ataD mekaP ayajnaS KMS

tapme naijugnep lisah nakiaruid naka ini tukireB malad sisetopih

:utiay ,ini naitilenep

)1 net awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH nagned saleK naalolegneP gnat

.awsiS isnatnukA rajaleB isatserP

)a sisetopiH nasumuR

naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh ada kadit = 0H

nagned salek awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh ada = 1H salek naalolegnep

nagned awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

)b nalupmiseK nakiraneP

gnem kutnU id amatrep sisetopih iju nakanug sisilana

raD .anahredes iserger naijugnep lisah i helorepid tubesret

lisah lebairav neisifeok gnatnet awsis ispesrep( 1X

683,0 rasebes )salek naalolegnep atnatsnok nad rasebes

699,94 ialin nakrasadreB . - akam ,tubesret helorepid gnay ialin

apadid Y iserger naamasrep nakt = 683,0 + 699,94 X .1

699,94 rasebes atnatsnoK aseb nakkujnunem isatserp aynr

gnatnet awsis ispesrep lebairav akij ,awsis isnatnuka rajaleb

iserger neisifeoK .0 rasebes salek naalolegnep ialinreb b

683,0 rasebes fitisop ab nakataynem 1 nahabmanep paites awh

nautas gnatnet awsis ispesrep nautas akam ,salek naalolegnep


47

rp imalagnem naka awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatse nahabmanep

683,0 rasebes r helorepid isalerok neisifeok kutnU . - utih gn

X lebairav aratna isalerok awhab nakkujnunem 534,0 rasebes

534,0 halada Y nagned gnades irogetak malad kusamret nad .

S nakukalid ayntujnale t iju nakanuggnem nagned sisetopih iju

sisetopih amiret airetirk nagned %5 nakifingis farat nagned

t alibapa - t irad raseb hibel gnutih - n( = kd adap lebat - )2

malad alib sisetopih kalot nad ,%5 nakifingis farat nagned

.aynkilabes naadaek

nutihrep nakrasadreB nag t awhab iuhatekid - gnutih

855,2( ) t irad raseb hibel - 840,2( lebat sata id sisilana iraD .)

gnay ,amiretid 1H awhab nalupmisek libmaid tapad akam

awsis ispesrep lebairav awhab itrareb naalolegnep gnatnet

nagnubuh ikilimem salek gnay nagned nakifingis serp isat

salek awsis isnatnuka rajaleb ayajnaS KMS isnatnukA IX

.mekaP

)2 gnatnet awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH nataafnameP aideM

nagned narajalebmeP .awsiS isnatnukA rajaleB isatserP


0H = gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh ada kadit

p afname a nat aidem nagned narajalebmep isatserp

awsis isnatnuka rajaleb


57

net awsis ispesrep nagnubuh ada = 1H nataafnamep gnat

nagned narajalebmep aidem isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

awsis


nem kutnU id audek sisetopih ijug nakanug sisilana

erger aD .anahredes is naijugnep lisah ir helorepid tubesret


nataafnamep rasebes )narajalebmep aidem - 341,0 nad

atnatsnok 191,98 rasebes ialin nakrasadreB . - gnay ialin

Y iserger naamasrep naktapadid akam ,tubesret helorepid =

98 191, - ,0 341 X 191,98 rasebes atnatsnoK .2 nakkujnunem

lebairav akij ,awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp aynraseb

gnatnet awsis ispesrep nataafnamep narajalebmep aidem

rger neisifeoK .0 rasebes fitagen ialinreb b ise rasebes - 341,0

em n paites awhab nakatay nautas 1 nahabmanep ispesrep

gnatnet awsis nataafnamep akam ,narajalebmep aidem

em naka awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp lebairav imalagn

rasebes nagnarugnep - 341,0 isalerok neisifeok kutnU .

r helorepid - 0 rasebes gnutih isalerok awhab nakkujnunem 221,

aratna malad kusamret nad 221,0 halada Y nagned X lebairav

hadner tagnas irogetak . S sisetopih iju nakukalid ayntujnale

nagned %5 nakifingis farat nagned t iju nakanuggnem nagned

t alibapa sisetopih amiret airetirk - t irad raseb hibel gnutih -


67

kd adap lebat = n( - )2 kalot nad ,%5 nakifingis farat nagned

.aynkilabes naadaek malad alib sisetopih

t awhab iuhatekid nagnutihrep nakrasadreB - gnutih

(- 946,0 ) t irad licek hibel - 840,2( lebat sata id sisilana iraD .)

gnay ,kalotid 1H awhab nalupmisek libmaid tapad akam

areb gnatnet awsis ispesrep lebairav awhab itr aafnamep nat

ikilimem kadit narajalebmep aidem gnay nagnubuh nakifingis

nagned salek awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp isnatnukA IX

.mekaP ayajnaS KMS

)3 t awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH gnatne naanuggneP edoteM

narajalebmeP nagned .awsiS isnatnukA rajaleB isatserP


0H = kadit gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh ada

naanuggnep narajalebmep edotem nagned isatserp


ada = 1H gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh naanuggnep

narajalebmep edotem nagned jaleb isatserp ra

awsis isnatnuka


gnem kutnU id agitek sisetopih iju erger nakanug is

naijugnep lisah iraD .anahredes lisah helorepid tubesret

lebairav neisifeok gnatnet awsis ispesrep( 3X naanuggnep


77

rasebes )narajalebmep edotem ,0 290 atnatsnok nad 896,68 .

ialin nakrasadreB - akam ,tubesret helorepid gnay ialin

naamasrep naktapadid Y iserger 896,68 = + 290,0 X3 .

es atnatsnoK 896,68 raseb isatserp aynraseb nakkujnunem


edotem ialinreb b iserger neisifeoK .0 rasebes narajalebmep

op rasebes fitis 290,0 hab nakataynem 1 nahabmanep paites aw

nautas gnatnet awsis ispesrep naanuggnep edotem

awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp lebairav akam ,narajalebmep

em naka rasebes nahabmanep imalagn 290,0 neisifeok kutnU .

r helorepid isalerok - 0 rasebes gnutih 580, awhab nakkujnunem

nad 580,0 halada Y nagned X lebairav aratna isalerok

.hadner tagnas irogetak malad kusamret S ayntujnale

nagned t iju nakanuggnem nagned sisetopih iju nakukalid

ifingis farat t alibapa sisetopih amiret airetirk nagned %5 nak -

t irad raseb hibel gnutih - n( = kd adap lebat - farat nagned )2

naadaek malad alib sisetopih kalot nad ,%5 nakifingis

.aynkilabes


(- 354,0 licek hibel ) rad t i - 840,2( lebat sata id sisilana iraD .)

1H awhab nalupmisek libmaid tapad akam ,kalotid gnay

gnatnet awsis ispesrep lebairav awhab itrareb naanuggnep

narajalebmep edotem kadit gnay nagnubuh ikilimem


87

nagned nakifingis salek awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp IX

.mekaP ayajnaS KMS isnatnukA

)4 t awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH gnatne ,saleK naalolegneP

nataafnameP nad ,narajalebmeP aideM naanuggneP edoteM

eP amasreB araceS narajalebm - nagned amas rajaleB isatserP

.awsiS isnatnukA


gnatnet awsis ispesrep aratna nagnubuh ada kadit = 0H

,salek naalolegnep nataafnamep aidem

nad ,narajalebmep naanuggnep narajalebmep edotem

amasreb araces - amas nagned rajaleb isatserp

awsis isnatnuka

ada = 1H rep aratna nagnubuh gnatnet awsis ispes

lolegnep naa ,salek nataafnamep aidem



awsis isnatnuka


tapmeek sisetopih ijugnem kutnU sisilana nakanugid

naijugnep lisah iraD .adnag iserger d tubesret lisah helorepi

naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep( 1X lebairav neisifeok

rasebes )salek 783,0 , awsis ispesrep( 2X lebairav neisifeok


97

gnatnet nataafnamep rasebes )narajalebmep aidem - 001,0 nad

gnatnet awsis ispesrep( 3X lebairav neisifeok naanuggnep

edotem )narajalebmep atres ,570,0 rasebes atnatsnok rasebes


Y adnag iserger naamasrep naktapadid 784,05 = + 1X 783,0 -

001,0 3X 570,0 + 2X s atnatsnoK . 5 rasebe 874,0 nakkujnunem

ajaleb isatserp aynraseb lebairav akij ,awsis isnatnuka r

,salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nataafnamep aidem

nad narajalebmep naanuggnep rasebes narajalebmep edotem

.0

321yR helorepid atad sisilana lisah iraD 144,0 rasebes

awhab nakkujnunem X ,1X lebairav aratna isalerok 3X nad 2

amasreb araces - kusamret nad 144,0 halada Y nagned amas

gnades irogetak malad nakifingis iju nakukalid ayntujnaleS . is ,

nagned %5 nakifingis farat nagned F iju nakanuggnem

ih amirenem naijugnep airetirk hibel gnutihF alibapa sisetop

irad raseb lebatF nad nem .aynkilabes naadaek malad alib kalo

gnutihF iuhatekid sisilana nakrasadreB 780,2 = F( )

,2 = F( lebatF irad licek hibel 089 sata id nagnaretek iraD .)

pad akam kalotid 1H awhab naklupmisid ta itrareb gnay ,

lolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep lebairav awhab ,salek naa

nataafnamep nad ,narajalebmep aidem naanuggnep edotem

amasreb araces narajalebmep - amas kadit nagnubuh ikilimem


08

gnay nagned nakifingis awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp salek

ayajnaS KMS isnatnukA IX mekaP .

.b irad ataD gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS

tukireB malad sisetopih tapme naijugnep lisah nakiaruid naka ini

:utiay ,ini naitilenep

)1 net awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH nagned saleK naalolegneP gnat



naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh ada kadit = 0H

salek nagned awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh ada = 1H salek naalolegnep

nagned awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp



raD .anahredes iserger ijugnep lisah i na helorepid tubesret


510,0 rasebes )salek naalolegnep atnatsnok nad rasebes


apadid Y iserger naamasrep nakt 510,0 + 675,47 = X .1

bes atnatsnoK 675,47 rase isatserp aynraseb nakkujnunem




18

510,0 rasebes fitisop ab nakataynem 1 nahabmanep paites awh

nautas egnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep akam ,salek naalol

imalagnem naka awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp lebairav

510,0 rasebes nahabmanep isalerok neisifeok kutnU .

r helorepid - utih 720,0 rasebes gn isalerok awhab nakkujnunem

aratna 720,0 halada Y nagned X lebairav ad malad kusamret n

s irogetak hadner tagna S . sisetopih iju nakukalid ayntujnale


t alibapa sisetopih amiret airetirk - t irad raseb hibel gnutih -

n( = kd adap lebat - kalot nad ,%5 nakifingis farat nagned )2

daek malad alib sisetopih .aynkilabes naa

nagnutihrep nakrasadreB t awhab iuhatekid - gnutih

522,0( ) licek hibel t irad - 599,1( lebat sata id sisilana iraD .)

maid tapad akam kalotid 1H awhab nalupmisek lib gnay ,

naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep lebairav awhab itrareb

salek kadit gnay nagnubuh ikilimem nagned nakifingis

salek awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp IX I KMS isnatnukA

.gnipmaG 1 KKPY

)2 gnatnet awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH nataafnameP aideM




28


nagned narajalebmep aidem nataafnamep isatserp


gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh ada = 1H nataafnamep

nagned narajalebmep aidem isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

awsis


nem kutnU id audek sisetopih ijug nakanug sisilana

erger naijugnep lisah iraD .anahredes is helorepid tubesret


nataafnamep rasebes )narajalebmep aidem - 861,0 nad

atnatsnok 814,28 rasebes ialin nakrasadreB . - gnay ialin

Y iserger naamasrep naktapadid akam ,tubesret helorepid =

814,28 - 861,0 X 814,28 rasebes atnatsnoK .2 nakkujnunem


gnatnet awsis ispesrep nataafnamep narajalebmep aidem

rger neisifeoK .0 rasebes b ise rasebes fitagen ialinreb - 861,0

em nagnarugnep paites awhab nakatayn nautas 1 ispesrep

gnatnet awsis nataafnamep akam ,narajalebmep aidem

em naka awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp lebairav gn imala

rasebes nagnarugnep - 861,0 isalerok neisifeok kutnU .

r helorepid - 0 rasebes gnutih isalerok awhab nakkujnunem 151,

malad kusamret nad 151,0 halada Y nagned X lebairav aratna


38



ih amiret airetirk t alibapa sisetop - t irad raseb hibel gnutih -

kd adap lebat = n( - kalot nad ,%5 nakifingis farat nagned )2



(- t irad licek hibel )062,1 - sisilana iraD .)599,1( lebat sata id


gnatnet awsis ispesrep lebairav awhab itrareb nataafnamep

kadit narajalebmep aidem gnay nagnubuh ikilimem nakifingis

nagned IX salek awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp I isnatnukA

nipmaG 1 KKPY KMS .g

)3 gnatnet awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH naanuggneP eM edot




naanuggnep narajalebmep edotem nagned isatserp


ada = 1H gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh naanuggnep

narajalebmep edotem nagned jaleb isatserp ra

awsis isnatnuka


48




lebairav neisifeok p( 3X gnatnet awsis ispesre naanuggnep

rasebes )narajalebmep edotem 911,0 atnatsnok nad 291,07 .


naamasrep naktapadid Y iserger 291,07 = + 911,0 X3 .

es atnatsnoK 291,07 raseb isatserp aynraseb nakkujnunem


naanuggnep iserger neisifeoK .0 rasebes narajalebmep edotem

op ialinreb b rasebes fitis 911,0 ab nakataynem paites awh

nautas 1 nahabmanep tem gnatnet awsis ispesrep edo

awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp lebairav akam ,narajalebmep

rasebes nahabmanep imalagnem naka 911,0 neisifeok kutnU .

r helorepid isalerok - 0 rasebes gnutih 551, awhab nakkujnunem

aratna isalerok 551,0 halada Y nagned X lebairav nad

ogetak malad kusamret S .hadner tagnas ir ayntujnale

nagned t iju nakanuggnem nagned sisetopih iju nakukalid

t alibapa sisetopih amiret airetirk nagned %5 nakifingis farat -

t irad raseb hibel gnutih - n( = kd adap lebat - farat nagned )2

malad alib sisetopih kalot nad ,%5 nakifingis naadaek

.aynkilabes


58


492,1( licek hibel ) t irad - at 599,1( leb sata id sisilana iraD .)


gnatnet awsis ispesrep lebairav awhab itrareb naanuggnep

lebmep edotem kadit naraja nagnubuh ikilimem gnay

nagned nakifingis salek awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp IX I

gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS isnatnukA .

)4 ,saleK naalolegneP gnatnet awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH

nataafnameP nad ,narajalebmeP aideM naanuggneP edoteM

ajalebmeP araceS nar amasreB - nagned amas rajaleB isatserP

.awsiS isnatnukA


0H = gnatnet awsis ispesrep aratna nagnubuh ada kadit




awsis isnatnuka

ada = 1H gnatnet awsis ispesrep aratna nagnubuh




awsis isnatnuka


68


kutnU tapmeek sisetopih ijugnem sisilana nakanugid

naijugnep lisah iraD .adnag iserger lisah helorepid tubesret

naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep( 1X lebairav neisifeok

rasebes )salek ,200,0 awsis ispesrep( 2X lebairav neisifeok

gnatnet nataafnamep lebmep aidem rasebes )naraja - 771,0 nad

gnatnet awsis ispesrep( 3X lebairav neisifeok naanuggnep

)narajalebmep edotem atres ,521,0 rasebes atnatsnok rasebes


Y adnag iserger naamasrep naktapadid 197,67 = + 0 1X 200, -

771,0 3X 521,0 + 2X s atnatsnoK . 197,67 rasebe nakkujnunem


,salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nataafnamep aidem

nad narajalebmep naanuggnep rasebes narajalebmep edotem

.0

lisah iraD 222,0 rasebes 321yR helorepid atad sisilana

3X nad 2X ,1X lebairav aratna isalerok awhab nakkujnunem

amasreb araces - kusamret nad 222,0 halada Y nagned amas

nakifingis iju nakukalid ayntujnaleS .hadner irogetak malad is ,

farat nagned F iju nakanuggnem nagned %5 nakifingis


nem nad lebatF irad raseb .aynkilabes naadaek malad alib kalo


78

gnutihF iuhatekid sisilana nakrasadreB 641,1 = F( hibel )

,2 = F( lebatF irad licek 047 am sata id nagnaretek iraD .) ak

awhab itrareb gnay ,kalotid 1H awhab naklupmisid tapad

,salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep lebairav

nataafnamep nad ,narajalebmep aidem naanuggnep edotem

amasreb araces narajalebmep - kadit amas nagnubuh ikilimem

gnay nagned nakifingis aleb isatserp awsis isnatnuka raj salek

IX I gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS isnatnukA .

.c irad ataD gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS

ukireB lisah nakiaruid naka ini t malad sisetopih tapme naijugnep

.halokes aud irad atad nakrasadreb ini naitilenep

)1 nagnubuH S ispesreP nagned saleK naalolegneP gnatnet awsi



0H naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh ada kadit =

salek nagned awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

1H salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh ada =

nagned jaleb isatserp awsis isnatnuka ra



raD .anahredes iserger naijugnep lisah i pid tubesret helore



88

salek naalolegnep rasebes ) 171,0 natsnok nad at rasebes

638.36 ialin nakrasadreB . - akam ,tubesret helorepid gnay ialin

naktapadid Y iserger naamasrep .X 171,0 + 638.36 =

638.36 rasebes atnatsnoK isatserp aynraseb nakkujnunem

awsis isnatnuka rajaleb atnet awsis ispesrep lebairav akij , gn


171,0 rasebes fitisop nahabmanep paites awhab nakataynem 1

nautas akam ,salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep

malagnem naka awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp lebairav i

171,0 rasebes nahabmanep kutnU . isalerok neisifeok

r helorepid - 0 rasebes gnutih 332, isalerok awhab nakkujnunem


.hadner irogetak S agned sisetopih iju nakukalid ayntujnale n

farat nagned t iju nakanuggnem agned %5 nakifingis airetirk n

et t alibapa sisetopih amir - ad raseb hibel gnutih r t i - adap lebat

kd = n( - kalot nad ,%5 nakifingis farat nagned )2 alib sisetopih

kilabes naadaek malad .ayn


raseb hibel )573,2( t irad - lebat .)489,1( sata id sisilana iraD

aid tapad akam amiretid 1H awhab nalupmisek libm , gnay

lebairav awhab itrareb awsis ispesrep naalolegnep gnatnet

salek gnay nagnubuh ikilimem nagned nakifingis p isatser


98

awsis isnatnuka rajaleb ayajnaS KMS isnatnukA IX salek

k nad mekaP .gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS isnatnukA IIX sale

)2 t awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH gnatne nataafnameP aideM




aidem nataafnamep alebmep nagned naraj isatserp


= 1H ep nagnubuh ada gnatnet awsis ispesr nataafnamep

narajalebmep aidem nagned isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

awsis


nem kutnU audek sisetopih ijug id nakanug sisilana

erger naijugnep lisah iraD .anahredes is pid tubesret helore


nataafnamep narajalebmep aidem rasebes ) 711,0 nad

k atnatsno rasebes 819.27 ialin nakrasadreB . - gnay ialin

id akam ,tubesret helorepid Y iserger naamasrep naktapad =

noK .X 711,0 + 819.27 819.27 rasebes atnats nakkujnunem


ispesrep gnatnet awsis nataafnamep narajalebmep aidem

op ialinreb b iserger neisifeoK .0 rasebes 711,0 rasebes fitis


09

ab nakataynem nautas 1 nahabmanep paites awh rep es isp

gnatnet awsis nataafnamep narajalebmep aidem akam ,

m naka awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp lebairav e imalagn

711,0 rasebes nahabmanep isalerok neisifeok kutnU .

r helorepid - 0 rasebes gnutih 980, isalerok awhab nakkujnunem




sisetopih amiret airetirk t alibapa - b hibel gnutih irad rase t-

kd adap lebat = n( - kalot nad ,%5 nakifingis farat nagned )2


nagnutihrep nakrasadreB atekid t awhab iuh - gnutih

988,0( t irad licek hibel ) - sata id sisilana iraD .)489,1( lebat

ad akam 1H awhab nalupmisek libmaid tap gnay ,kalotid

itrareb lebairav awhab spesrep gnatnet awsis i nataafnamep

narajalebmep aidem kadit nakifingis gnay nagnubuh ikilimem

nagned p awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatser isnatnukA IX salek

X salek nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS kA II 1 KKPY KMS isnatnu

.gnipmaG

)3 t awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH gnatne naanuggneP edoteM




19

0H gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh ada kadit = naanuggnep

narajalebmep edotem nagned rajaleb isatserp

awsis isnatnuka

1H gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh ada = naanuggnep

nagned narajalebmep edotem rajaleb isatserp

awsis isnatnuka




lebairav neisifeok 3X ispesrep( gnatnet awsis naanuggnep

edotem rasebes )narajalebmep 732,0 atnatsnok nad 123.66 .


naamasrep naktapadid Y iserger 123.66 = + 732,0 .X

s atnatsnoK e 123.66 raseb isatserp aynraseb nakkujnunem

natnet awsis ispesrep lebairav akij ,awsis isnatnuka rajaleb g

naanuggnep edotem iserger neisifeoK .0 rasebes narajalebmep

op ialinreb b 732,0 rasebes fitis ab nakataynem paites awh

nautas 1 nahabmanep ispesrep wsis gnatnet a naanuggnep

narajalebmep edotem rajaleb isatserp lebairav akam ,

nahabmanep imalagnem naka awsis isnatnuka 732,0 rasebes .

r helorepid isalerok neisifeok kutnU - 0 rasebes gnutih 042,

Y nagned X lebairav aratna isalerok awhab nakkujnunem

,0 halada 042 irogetak malad kusamret nad hadner .


29

S t iju nakanuggnem nagned sisetopih iju nakukalid ayntujnale

sisetopih amiret airetirk nagned %5 nakifingis farat nagned

t alibapa - ad raseb hibel gnutih r t i - kd adap lebat = n( - )2

ih kalot nad ,%5 nakifingis farat nagned malad alib sisetop

.aynkilabes naadaek


944,2( raseb hibel ) t irad - sata id sisilana iraD .)489,1( lebat

1H awhab nalupmisek libmaid tapad akam amiretid gnay

gnatnet awsis ispesrep lebairav awhab itrareb ggnep naanu

edotem narajalebmep nakifingis gnay nagnubuh ikilimem

nagned p awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatser isnatnukA IX salek

1 KKPY KMS isnatnukA IIX salek nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS

.gnipmaG

)4 t awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH gnatne ,saleK naalolegneP

nataafnameP aideM nad ,narajalebmeP naanuggneP edoteM

narajalebmeP amasreB araceS - amas nagned rajaleB isatserP

.awsiS isnatnukA


0H = nagnubuh ada kadit aratna gnatnet awsis ispesrep

,salek naalolegnep nataafnamep ,narajalebmep aidem

nad naanuggnep edotem narajalebmep nagned isatserp



39

= 1H ada nagnubuh aratna gnatnet awsis ispesrep

naalolegnep ,salek nataafnamep ,narajalebmep aidem

nad naanuggnep narajalebmep edotem nagned isatserp



kutnU tapmeek sisetopih ijugnem sisilana nakanugid

naijugnep lisah iraD .adnag iserger lisah helorepid tubesret

1X lebairav neisifeok ( ispesrep naalolegnep gnatnet awsis

salek ) rasebes 841,0 lebairav neisifeok ; 2X ( ispesrep awsis

gnatnet nataafnamep aidem narajalebmep rasebes ) 720,0 nad

lebairav neisifeok 3X ( gnatnet awsis ispesrep naanuggnep

narajalebmep edotem ) 102,0 rasebes atres , atnatsnok rasebes

300.55 ialin nakrasadreB . - akam ,tubesret helorepid gnay ialin

iserger naamasrep naktapadid Y adnag ,55 = 00 3 + 841,0 1X

720,0 + 2X 102,0 + 3X . s atnatsnoK 300.55 rasebe

akij ,awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp aynraseb nakkujnunem

gnatnet awsis ispesrep lebairav ,salek naalolegnep

nataafnamep nad narajalebmep aidem naanuggnep edotem

.0 rasebes narajalebmep

iraD tad sisilana lisah 321yR helorepid a 313,0 rasebes

3X nad 2X ,1X lebairav aratna isalerok awhab nakkujnunem

amasreb araces - ,0 halada Y nagned amas 313 kusamret nad

hadner irogetak malad . S nakifingis iju nakukalid ayntujnale is ,


49

farat nagned F iju nakanuggnem nagned %5 nakifingis


nem nad lebatF irad raseb .aynkilabes naadaek malad alib kalo

gnutihF iuhatekid sisilana nakrasadreB ,3 = F( 074 hibel )

raseb ,2 = F( lebatF irad sata id nagnaretek iraD .)007 akam

ad amiretid 1H awhab naklupmisid tap awhab itrareb gnay ,

,salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep lebairav

nataafnamep arajalebmep aidem nad ,n naanuggnep edotem

narajalebmep amasreb araces - amas araces huragnepreb

nakifingis p padahet ka rajaleb isatser awsis isnatnu IX salek

isnatnukA IIX salek nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS isnatnukA

.gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS

.C nasahabmeP

.1 S ispesreP nagnubuH nagned saleK naalolegneP gnatnet awsi isatserP

awsiS isnatnukA rajaleB

sisetopih awhab iuhatekid tapad ,sisilana nakrasadreB amatrep

naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh aynada nakataynem gnay

isatserp nagned salek tid awsis isnatnuka rajaleb e amir eP . naataynr

gnukudid tubesret gnay anahredes iserger sisilana lisah nagned

awhab nakkujnunem t tih ( 573,2 ) > t bat ( 489,1 d ,) na irad aguj naamasrep

Y iserger 171,0 + 639.36 = tubesret sisilana lisah iraD .X iuhatekid

salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep lebairav awhab huragnepreb


59

nakifingis araces satserp padahret awsis isnatnuka rajaleb i (t tih > t bat .)

tubesret laH rajaleb isatserp aynhadner iggnit awhab nakitkubmem

awsis isnatnuka ispesrep helo ihuragnepid naalolegnep gnatnet awsis

salek .urug helo nakukalid gnay

lisaH naitilenep ini awhab nakatagnem gnay iroet nagned iauses

nagned nakhubmunem naka kiab gnay salek naalolegnep nakukalem

erp naktakgninem nad rajaleb hariag s awsis isat s , urug ahasu aggnihe

egnep nakatpicnem malad tapad ,lamitpo gnay salek naalol

naktakgninem erp s .awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isat gnay naitilenep lisaH

ataynem ispesrep aratna nakifingis gnay nagnubuh tapadret awhab nak

isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp padahret salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis

anerak idajret tapad awsis ,isnatnuka narajalep adap halet urug

arenem malad aynsusuhK .kiab gnay salek naalolegnep nakp

atpicnem aynidajret igab lamitpo gnay isidnok naknahatrepmem nad nak

esorp s rajagnem rajaleb malad kiaB . raga salek anasaus nakatpicnem

rajaleb iskaretni idajret - kutnu awsis isavitomem tapad gnay rajagnem

huggnus nad kiab nagned rajaleb - huggnus malad nupuam naitnehgnep

nairebmep ,salek naitahrep nakgneweleynem gnay kidid atresep ukalirep

,utkaw tapet araces kidid atresep helo sagut naiaseleynep ,narajnag nad

fitkudorp gnay kopmolek amron napatenep naalolegnep aynada nagneD .

naka ,iadamem gnay salek akatpicnem tapad gnay anasaus n

nad ,awsis rajaleb isatserp naktakgninem ,rajaleb hariag nakhubmunem

autnab nad nagnibmib nakirebmem urug naknikgnumem hibel padahret n


69

.rajaleb malad awsis nagneD naikimed , isatserp awhab nakatakid tapad

X salek awsis isnatnuka rajaleb nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS isnatnukA I

kA IIX salek gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS isnatnu ispesrep helo ihuragnepid

kukalid gnay salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis .urug na

.2 gnatnet awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH nataafnameP narajalebmeP aideM

nagned P .awsiS isnatnukA rajaleB isatser

d tapad ,sisilana nakrasadreB audek sisetopih awhab iuhateki gnay

ispesrep nagnubuh aynada nakataynem gnatnet awsis nataafnamep

narajalebmep aidem isatserp nagned kalotid awsis isnatnuka rajaleb .

eP gnukudid tubesret naataynr s iserger sisilana lisah nagned anahrede

awhab nakkujnunem gnay t tih ( 988,0 ) < t bat ( 489,1 d ,) na irad aguj

Y iserger naamasrep 711,0 + 819.27 = tubesret sisilana lisah iraD .X

ispesrep lebairav awhab iuhatekid gnatnet awsis nataafnamep aidem

narajalebmep gnay nagnubuh ikilimem kadit nakifingis nagned isatserp

( awsis isnatnuka rajaleb t tih < t bat awhab nakitkubmem tubesret laH .)

awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp aynhadner iggnit kadit helo ihuragnepid

ispesrep rajalebmep aidem gnatnet awsis a nakanugid gnay n .urug helo

lisaH naitilenep iauses kadit ini nakataynem gnay iroet nagned

awhab nad nasep naijaynep salejrepmem tapad narajalebmep aidem

gninem nad racnalrepmem tapad aggnihes isamrofni nad sesorp naktak

.awsis rajaleb lisah M raseb gnay taafnam ikilimem narajalebmep aide

aideM .narajalep iretam irajalepmem awsis nakhadumem malad


79

s naitahrep kiranem surah nakanugid gnay narajalebmep adap awsi

rajagnem rajaleb nataigek . nrep ipateT lah nakkujnunem tubesret naatay

gnay agned adebreb isah n l .naitilenep lisah naadebrep ,agudnem itileneP

iroet nagned naitilenep anerak nakbabesid ada gnay rajaleb isatserp

kusamret kadit gnay nanimod hibel gnay nial rotkaf helo ihuragnepid

.naitilenep nemurtsni malad nahamelek aynada nad ini naitilenep malad

nagneD isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp awhab nakatakid tapad ,naikimed

yajnaS KMS isnatnukA IX salek awsis isnatnukA IIX salek nad mekaP a

gnatnet awsis ispesrep helo ihuragnepid kadit gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS

.urug nakanugid gnay narajalebmep aidem

.3 gnatnet awsiS ispesreP nagnubuH naanuggneP narajalebmeP edoteM

nagned P .awsiS isnatnukA rajaleB isatser

na nakrasadreB gnay agitek sisetopih awhab iuhatekid tapad ,sisila

edotem gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh aynada nakataynem

.amiretid awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp nagned narajalebmep

eP gnukudid tubesret naataynr anahredes iserger sisilana lisah nagned

akkujnunem gnay awhab n t tih ( 944,2 ) > t bat ( 489,1 ) d , na irad aguj

Y iserger naamasrep tubesret sisilana lisah iraD .X 732,0 + 123.66 =

awsis ispesrep lebairav awhab iuhatekid narajalebmep edotem gnatnet

gnay nagnubuh ikilimem nakifingis nagned isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

( awsis t tih > t bat aynhadner iggnit awhab nakitkubmem tubesret laH .)


89

o ihuragnepid awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp gnatnet awsis ispesrep hel

edotem nakanugid gnay narajalebmep .urug helo

nagned iauses ini naitilenep irad lisaH nakatagnem gnay iroet

awhab edotem id gnay narajalebmep tapad surah nakanug

m ,fitom naktikgnabmem naka aggnihes ,dirum rajaleb hariag uata tani

malad helorepid gnay sisilana lisaH .awsis rajaleb isatserp naktakgninem

iroet nagned iauses ini naitilenep sret nakataynem naitilenep lisaH .tube

awsis ispesrep nagnubuh aynada naanuggnep gnatnet tem edo

nagned narajalebmep atserp nagnubuh aynadA .awsis isnatnuka rajaleb is

narajalebmep edotem nakanuggnem halet urug anerak nakbabesid ini

nup narajalebmep naujut aggnihes ,rajagnem taas adap tapet araces

.iapacret nagned iauses urug nakanugid gnay narajalebmep edoteM

nad awsis isidnok sesorp aggnihes ,salek malad id idajret gnay isautis

tapad awsis nad fitkefe nagned nalajreb tapad rajagnem rajaleb

.rajaleb malad hararet hibel atres isavitomret

nagneD rajaleb isatserp awhab nakatakid tapad ,naikimed

isnatnukA IX salek awsis isnatnuka IIX salek nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS

awsis ispesrep helo ihuragnepid gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS isnatnukA

narajalebmep edotem gnatnet nakanugid gnay helo .urug

.4 nagnubuH ,saleK naalolegneP gnatnet awsiS ispesreP nataafnameP

nad narajalebmeP aideM naanuggneP edoteM nagned narajalebmeP

awsiS isnatnukA rajaleB isatserP


99

neisifeok ialin naktapadid adnag iserger sisilana lisah nakrasadreB

isalerok awsis ispesrep ,salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep aratna

gnatnet nataafnamep tnet awsis ispesrep nad narajalebmep aidem gna

nagned narajalebmep edotem naanuggnep isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

amasreb araces awsis - 313,0 rasebes )321yR( amas awhab nakkujnunem

amasreb araces 3X nad 2X ,1X lebairav aratna isalerok - Y nagned amas

,0 halada 313 irogetak malad kusamret nad uh iaynupmem fitisop nagnub

gnay hadner K . ( isanimreted neisifeo 𝑅2 ) rasebes 890,0 nakkujnunem

amasreb araces( X lebairav helo ihuragnepid Y lebairav awhab - )amas

%001( %2,09 aynasis nad )%001 x 890,0( %8,9 rasebes - )%8,9

.nial lebairav helo ihuragnepid ialiN F- gnutih rasebes raseb hibel 074,3

F irad - lebat rasebes awhab naklupmisid tapad naikimed nagneD .007,2

nagnubuh ada nakifingis gnay ,salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep

nataafnamep nad narajalebmep aidem naanuggnep edotem

ajalebmep amasreb araces nar - gned amas na isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp

awsis 1 KKPY KMS IIX salek nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS IX salek

.atrakaygoY gnipmaG

D ep lisah ira usam idajnem tapad ini naitilen audek adapek nak

naparenep naktakgninem tapad nad naknahatrepmem hibel raga halokes

p ,salek naalolegnep edotem naanugnep nad aidem nataafname

narajalebmep nataigek nalisahrebek gnajnunem malad narajalebmep

atres kutnu awsis arap isavitomem nad narajalep iasaugnem hibel

m isatserp natakgnine rajaleb awsis amaturet .isnatnuka narajalep malad


001

V BAB

,NALUPMISEK NARAS NAD NASATABRETEK

.A nalupmiseK

iagabes nalupmisek kiratid tapad nasahabmep nad atad sisilana nakrasadreB

:tukireb

.1 A ad nubuh nag nakifingis gnay salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep

KMS isnatnukA IX salek awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp nagned

.gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS isnatnukA IIX salek nad mekaP ayajnaS

anahredes iserger sisilana lisah nagned gnukudid tubesret naataynreP

awhab nakkujnunem gnay th ti ( 573,2 ) > t bat ( 489,1 ) . sisilana lisaH

naitilenep gnay salek naalolegnep awhab nakkujnunem tubesret

araces urug helo nakukalid d rajaleb hariag nakhubmunem naka kiab na

.awsis isatserp naktakgninem

.2 nagnubuh ada kadiT nakifingis gnay awsis ispesrep aidem gnatnet

narajalebmep IX salek awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp nagned

1 KKPY KMS isnatnukA IIX salek nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS isnatnukA

eP .gnipmaG gnukudid tubesret naataynr iserger sisilana lisah nagned

awhab nakkujnunem gnay anahredes t tih ( 988,0 ) < t bat ( 489,1 ) lisaH .

narajalebmep aidem nupualaw nakkujnunem tubesret naitilenep sisilana

nad nasep naijaynep salejrepmem tapad urug helo taubid gnay

.awsis isatserp ihuragnepmem kadit ataynret ,isamrofni


101

.3 adA nagnubuh gnay nakifingis ispesrep edotem gnatnet awsis

narajalebmep IX salek awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp nagned

1 KKPY KMS isnatnukA IIX salek nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS isnatnukA

.gnipmaG eP gnukudid tubesret naataynr iserger sisilana lisah nagned

awhab nakkujnunem gnay anahredes t tih ( ,2 944 ) > t bat ( 489,1 ) lisaH .

narajalebmep edotem awhab nakkujnunem tubesret naitilenep sisilana

gnay isautis nad awsis isidnok nagned iauses urug nakanugid gnay

nalajreb tapad rajagnem rajaleb sesorp aggnihes ,salek malad id idajret

awsis nad fitkefe nagned malad hararet hibel atres isavitomret tapad

.isatserp naktakgninem tapad aggnihes ,rajaleb

.4 nagnubuh adA nakifingis gnay ,salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep

nataafnamep nad narajalebmep aidem narajalebmep edotem naanuggnep

nagned awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp KMS isnatnukA IX salek

.gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS isnatnukA IIX salek nad mekaP ayajnaS laH

id ini nakkujnunem gnay adnag iserger sisilana lisah nagned gnukud ialin

F tih ( 074,3 ) > F bat ( 007,2 ) alibapa awhab nakkujnunem ini laH .

ep ,salek naalolegn nataafnamep nad narajalebmep aidem naanuggnep

amasreb araces narajalebmep edotem - adap urug helo nakanugid amas

isatserp adap huragnepreb naka isnatnuka rajagnem rajaleb nataigek taas

.awsis rajaleb


201

.B nasatabreteK

.1 asib kadit itileneP nakitsamem renoiseuk isignem nednopser hakapa

.kadit uata aynhuggnuses gnay naadaek nagned iauses

.2 naitilenep akam ,ayaib nad naupmamek nasatabretek ikilimem itileneP

.ajas KMS aud id nakukalid aynah

.C naraS

.1 naijugnep lisah nakrasadreB awhab nakkujnunem amatrep sisetopih

ada nubuh nag nagned salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep

awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp ,uti anerak helO . hibel nakparahid urug

ahasureb nad kiab gnay salek naalolegnep naknahatrepmem

atpicret raga aynnaktakgninem lamitpo gnay rajagnem rajaleb isidnok

nad rajaleb kutnu awsis isavitomem tapad huggnus nad kiab nagned -

.takgninem hibel rajaleb isatserp aggnihes ,huggnus

.2 naijugnep lisah nakrasadreB awhab nakkujnunem audek sisetopih

atnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh ada kadit aidem nataafnamep gn

awsis isnatnuka rajaleb isatserp nagned narajalebmep ,uti anerak helO .

mem kutnu nakparahid urug gnay narajalebmep aidem naktaafna

id aidesret gnay nalipmaretek nakgnabmegnem hibel nad halokes

.tubesret aidem padahret urug ikilimid tala nad retupmok ,aneraK - tala

apa itra iaynupmem kadit aynnial higgnac agarep - kadit urug alib ,apa

nitrepmem kutnu narajagnep malad aynnakanuggnem tapad satilauk igg

P .narajagnep taafnamreb urug nakanugid gnay aidem aynpisnirp ada


301

em nad naktakgninem malad tapad aggnihes kana naitahrep nakharagn

aratna gnusgnal hibel gnay iskaretni ,rajaleb isavitom naklubminem

rajaleb kutnu awsis naknikgnumem nad ,aynnagnukgnil nad awsis

iridnes - .ayntanim nad naupmamek nagned iauses iridnes

.3 naijugnep lisah nakrasadreB opih ada awhab nakkujnunem agitek siset

narajalebmep edotem naanuggnep gnatnet awsis ispesrep nagnubuh

tnuka rajaleb isatserp nagned ,uti anerak helO .awsis isna urug

nakgnabmegnem nad naknahatrepmem hibel kutnu nakparahid

s isidnok iauses gnay edotem naanuggnep naujut nad awsi

hotnoc irebmem ,nakiarugnem ,nakijaynem arac nagned narajalebmep

awsis isatserp raga awsis adapek narajalep isi nahital irebmem nad

.takgninem nikames tapad

.4 awhab nakkujnunem tapmeek sisetopih naijugnep lisah nakrasadreB

esrep nagnubuh ada nataafnamep ,salek naalolegnep gnatnet awsis isp

nad ,aidem nagned narajalebmep edotem naanuggnep satserp rajaleb i

,uti anerak helO .awsis isnatnuka u nakparahid urug patet kutn

ggnep naknahatrepmem aidem nataafnamep ,salek naalolegnep naanu

ebmep edotem nad nataigek atpicret raga naamasreb araces narajal

tagnames isavitomem tapad nad nakgnaneynem gnay rajagnem rajaleb

.akerem isatserp naktakgninem malad awsis


401

AKATSUP RATFAD

( .ardnA 7002 ) . salek naalolegneP adaP uruG nareP . :aidesreT .]enilnO[laicos/moc.gnoovhs.di//:ptth - 3186291/noitacude/secneics - narep - urug - adap -

naalolegnep - salek . .]0102 sutsugA 13 [

S ,otnukirA . ( 0991 ) . naitileneP nemejanaM .atpiC akeniR : atrakaJ .

( .A ,daysrA 0102 ) . narajalebmeP aideM ek nakateC( . - TP : atrakaJ .)31.adasreP odnifarGajaR

J ,alloB . ( 4891 ) . saleK alolegneM nalipmareteK .dubkidpeD : atrakaJ .

J ,artsasidajajD . ( 1891 ) . edoteM - rajagneM edotem .asakgnA : gnudnaB .

ifelhaF M , . ( 9002 ) . saleK naalolegneP malaD natakedneP :aidesreT .]enilnO[ . 9002/salek_naalolegnep_malad_natakednep/swen/moc.zocu.ifelhaf//:ptth -

11 - 31 -2 ]0102 rebmeseD 91[ .

O ,kilamaH . ( 1002 ) . rajagneM rajaleB sesorP .araskA imuB : atrakaJ .

L J.D ,urehuta . ( 8891 ) . rajaleB sesorP malaD narajalebmeP aideM - rajagneMiniK asaM .dubkidpeD : atrakaJ .

F ,idahuM . .X ( 9002 ). naitileneP edoteM .atrakaygoY .

S ,idawruP .( 0891 ) . edoteM - rajagneM edotem .dubkidpeD : atrakaJ .

N ,ajajduS nad .A ,iaviR . ( 0991 ) . narajagneP aideM .uraB raniS .V.C : gnudnaB .

0102( .S ,osotnaS kirtemaraP kitsitatS .) .odnitupmoK aideM xelE TP : atrakaJ .


501

,.C ,nawaimeS la te . ( 7891 ). sesorP nalipmareteK natakedneP TP : atrakaJ ..aidemarG

.anajduS ( 6991 ) . akitsitatS adoteM : gnudnaB . .otisraT

.onoiguS ( 9991 ) . naitileneP kutnU akitsitatS .atebaflA : gnudnaB .

. ______ ( 9002 ) . nad ,fitatitnauK ,fitatilauK natakedneP( naitileneP edoteM.)B&R .atebaflA : gnudnaB

B ,ojrahuS . ( 8002 ) . SSPS nagned napareT isergeR sisilanA aharG : atrakaygoY ..umlI

W ,damhkaruS .( 9791 ) . lanoisaN narajagneP igolodoteM .srammeJ .


601

1 NARIPMAL

NAITILENEP NEMURTSNI )RENOISEUK(


701

RENOISEUK

)NAITILENEP NEMURTSNI(

,SALEK NAALOLEGNEP GNATNET AWSIS ISPESREP NAGNUBUH

,AIDEM NATAAFNAMEP NARAJALEBMEP EDOTEM NAD

NAGNED AWSIS ISNATNUKA RAJALEB ISATSERP

:naisigneP kujnuteP

.1 atad nakisI uluhad hibelret adna

.2 naaynatrep halimahaP - bawajnem adna mulebes uluhad hibelret naaynatrep

.3 nabawaj fitanretla adap )X( adnat irebmem nagned adnA nabawaj naksiluT

.aidesret gnay

.4 :nabawaj fitanretlA

.a SS ujuteS tagnaS :

.b TS ujuteS :

.c GR ugaR : - ugar

.d ST eS kadiT : ujut

.e STS ujuteS kadiT tagnaS :

awsiS satitnedI

amaN :

saleK :

nimaleK sineJ P / L :


801

.1 gnatnet awsiS ispesreP nemurtsnI neP K naaloleg sale

.oN naaynatreP nabawaJ

SS ST RG ST STS

A nad nakatpicneM nalipmareteK

rajaleB isidnoK naarahilemeP gnay lamitpO

.1 nagned iskaretireb ulales uruG nakkujnunem ulales nad awsis

tabahasreb pakis .

.2

utaus itakednem ulales uruG

sesorp taas udividni uata kopmolek utnabmem kutnu rajagnem rajaleb

natilusek imalagnem gnay awsisrajaleb .

.3 uruG nad iatnas anasaus taubmem

alibapa ,ucul lah nakatirecnemgnaget salek id anasaus .

.4

gnay awsis ada alibapA uata nauggnag naklubminem

urug akam ,nahucakatek kutneb malad iskaer nakirebmem

naruget .

.5 paites isawagnem/rotinomem uruG

nataigek nupuata udividnikopmolek .

.6 tapadnem ulales iadnap gnay awsiS

naitahrep .

.7 sagut paites malad tabilret awsiSurug nakirebid gnay .

.8

naktasumem aynah uruG kopmolek adap aynnaitahrep

.ajas utnetret

9

nad iamar adna alibapA kadit adnA .narajalep kamiynem

suires kutnu atnimid gnusgnalnarajalep kamiynem .

.01

narutarep adA - ,salej gnay narutareprajagnem rajaleb sesorp amales .

11

saget nagned awsis rugenem uruG gnay awsis adapek ujutret salej nad

uggnaggnem .


901

21

sata isulos nakirebmem ulales uruGsalek id idajret gnay halasam paites .

B nagnubuhreB gnay nalipmareteK

isidnoK nailabmegneP nagnedlamitpO gnay rajaleB

31

malad id uggnaggnem gnay awsiS nakajregnem kutnu atnimid salek

napap id sagut silut .

41

,uggnaggnem gnay awsis ada aliB ,kisif namukuh irebid akerem akam

nagnapal id rumejreb :aynlasim .

51 taubid salek id anasauS

narajalep taas nakgnaneynemgnusgnalreb .

61

malad id halasam ada alibapA nakhacemem urug ,salek halasam

ubesret isuksid kajagnem nagned tkiapmaynem nad naras na - naras

adapek halasam ianegnem awsisidajret gnay .

71 fitisop nopser irebmem kadit uruG

tapad salek akitek salek adapekhalasam utaus nakiaseleynem .

81

malad id anasaus alibapA salek gnaget uata ,sanap ,usel idajnem ulales urug ,rajaleb sesorp anerak

gnay romuh taubmemawatret naklubminem .

91 nages kadit uruG - kutnu nages

gnay awsis nakraulegnemsalek malad id uggnaggnem

02 adneb atiynem naka uruG - adneb

uggnaggnem gnay ,narajalepenohpdnah :aynlasim .

.2 gnatnet awsiS ispesreP nemurtsnI narajalebmeP aideM

.oN naataynreP nabawaJ SS ST RG ST STS

12 .

as agarep tala naanuggneP tas taubmem ,iretam naksalejnem aya gnay iretam naka mahap hibel

.nakrajaid


011

22. ayaS urug alib ,salej hibel asarem

nagab uata ameks nakrabmaggnem.silut napap id

2 .3

narajalebmep aidem naanuggneP nagned nakiausesid isairavreb sahabid gnay narajalep iretam

malad salej hibel ayas taubmem.narajalep iretam imahamem

2 .4 ayaS taas tagnamesreb hibel asarem

narajalep iretam naksalejnem urug.aidem nakanuggnem nagned

2 .5

apureb gnay narajalebmep aideMrebmus - gnay narajalebmep rebmus

:narajalep iretam iauses naveler ,narajalep ukub ,lanruj itrepes

utnabmem tagnas bsd ,lekitra rajagnem rajaleb sesorp naracnalek .

2 .6 urug taas gnanes asarem ayaS

kutnu ajrek rabmel nakirebmemlaos nakajregnem - .nahital laos

2 .7 s uruG nakanuggnem lipmaret aya

sesorp malad aidem iagabreb.narajalebmep

2 .8

taas saup asarem ayaS gnay aidem sesorp amales urug nakanugid

ses rajagnem rajaleb u nagned ia.aidesret gnay utkaw

29

hibel narajalep asarem ayaSmem urug akitek ankamreb nakireb

gnay nagnauek naropal hotnoc.naahasurep utaus helo naktibretid

3 .0

uggneP aidem naan tapet gnays utnabmem imahamem malad aya

.isnatnukA iretam

.3 gnatnet awsiS ispesreP nemurtsnI narajalebmeP edoteM

.oN

naataynreP

nabawaJ SS ST RG ST STS

3 .1

gnay edotem nupapA nakanugids ,isnatnukA urug helo aya

itukignem kutnu isavitomret.narajalep


111

3 .2 urug taas saisutna ayaS

surah gnay sagut nakirebmem.kopmolek malad nakajrekid

33

urug akitek tagnamesreb ayaSnaaynatrep nakirebmem -

nasahab kokop ratupes naaynatrep.naksalejid halet gny iretam

3 .4

kutnu utkaw nairebmeP acabmem narajalep iretam uluhad hibelret

bes ,naksalejnem urug mules taubmem imahamem hibel aya

.iretam

3 .5 iretam naksalejnem urug taaS

nagned naped id hamarec edotems ,salek .nasob asarem aya

3 .6

bawajnem kutnu gnanes kadit ayaS naaynatrep helo nakujaid gnay

isnatnukA narajalep taas urug.gnusgnalreb

3 .7

sarem ayaS a urug taas gnatnatretlaos nakirebmem isnatnukA - laos

iretam nagned naanekreb nahital.aynmulebes nakrajaid halet gnay

3 .8

g taas gnanes asarem ayaS uru nakirebmem adap natapmesek

s negnem aynatreb kutnu aya ias muleb gnay narajalep iretam aya

.imahap

3 .9 taas nasob asarem ayaS

hamur naajrekep naktapadnem.)RP(

4 .0

urug taas kiratret asarem ayaS narajagnep edotem nakanuggnem

gnay iretam nagned iauses gnay.nakirebid

.14 kadit urug taas gnanes asarem ayaS

gnay hamur naajrekep sahabmem.nakirebid halet

.24

isuksid edotem aynada nagneDalad kopmolek narajalep m

s taubmem ,isnatnukA inareb ayatapadnep nakakumegnem


211

2 NARIPMAL

KUDNI ATAD

NAITILENEP


311

NAITILENEP KUDNI ATAD

saleK naalolegneP gnatnet awsiS ispesreP naaynatreP .1

PSER 1KP 2KP 3KP 4KP 5KP 6KP 7KP 8KP 9KP 01KP 11KP 21KP 31KP 41KP 51KP 61KP 71KP 81KP 91KP 02KP LATOT 1 5 5 5 4 5 1 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 3 5 08 2 5 5 3 5 3 1 5 1 5 3 5 3 2 5 3 4 5 2 4 3 27 3 5 4 5 5 4 4 4 5 4 3 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 5 09 4 5 5 5 5 5 3 3 3 5 3 5 5 3 5 5 5 3 4 4 5 68 5 5 5 3 5 3 2 4 3 5 3 5 3 3 3 4 5 5 5 5 5 18 6 5 4 5 5 5 1 5 4 5 5 3 5 3 5 5 5 5 5 3 5 88 7 4 4 2 4 3 5 4 5 5 4 4 5 3 5 4 5 4 4 4 5 38 8 3 5 5 5 4 1 4 1 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 38 9 4 4 4 4 5 3 5 4 2 5 4 5 3 4 5 4 4 5 3 5 28 01 5 5 5 5 5 1 5 3 5 4 3 3 3 3 5 2 2 4 4 4 67 11 5 5 5 4 4 3 4 3 5 4 4 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 58 21 4 5 5 5 5 1 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 4 5 5 09 31 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 4 5 5 3 5 1 4 58 41 3 3 3 4 4 1 4 3 5 4 5 5 5 5 4 5 4 5 5 5 28 51 5 5 5 5 5 3 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 4 5 4 5 49


411

61 5 5 4 4 5 3 5 5 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 3 1 1 4 87 71 5 5 4 4 5 2 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 5 1 5 1 4 08 81 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 4 4 5 88 91 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 2 4 5 1 87 02 5 5 4 3 4 3 5 3 4 4 3 5 3 5 5 5 5 4 5 3 38 12 4 4 4 3 3 1 5 2 4 4 4 5 5 5 3 5 3 5 4 5 87 22 5 4 4 5 4 2 4 5 2 5 5 5 2 5 5 5 5 5 3 5 58 32 5 5 5 5 5 2 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 3 5 5 5 5 4 5 39 42 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 5 3 4 5 3 3 5 5 5 3 4 5 5 68 52 5 5 5 5 5 2 5 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 2 1 4 97 62 5 5 5 4 5 3 3 4 5 4 4 3 2 4 5 4 3 5 4 5 28 72 4 4 5 5 3 2 4 2 4 5 4 3 4 5 5 5 1 5 5 5 08 82 5 5 5 5 4 3 3 5 3 4 2 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 88 92 5 5 5 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 4 5 3 4 3 5 4 5 5 2 18 03 5 5 5 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 5 5 3 4 2 3 87 13 4 4 4 5 3 1 4 1 3 3 3 3 2 4 4 4 2 5 2 2 36 23 4 5 5 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 5 4 3 3 4 4 2 5 2 2 47 33 4 5 4 5 4 3 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 5 3 5 2 5 28 43 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 5 5 4 4 2 5 4 4 4 2 4 08 53 4 4 3 4 4 4 1 4 1 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 4 2 4 96 63 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 38 73 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 4 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 5 39


511

83 5 5 5 4 5 2 4 5 4 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 58 93 5 4 4 4 4 1 5 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 5 5 4 2 4 18 04 4 5 4 4 4 3 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 3 87 14 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 67 24 5 5 5 2 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 2 5 2 4 48 34 4 4 5 4 4 2 4 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 4 4 68 44 5 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 3 4 4 5 5 4 4 48 54 5 5 4 4 5 2 4 4 3 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 48 64 5 5 5 5 5 4 2 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 5 5 4 5 4 5 68 74 5 5 5 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 5 2 4 08 84 5 5 4 5 4 4 5 5 5 4 4 5 4 5 5 4 5 3 2 4 78 94 5 5 5 5 4 3 2 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 2 5 1 5 1 5 18 05 4 4 4 5 4 2 4 5 4 4 4 5 3 4 4 4 5 4 1 4 87 15 5 5 5 5 5 2 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 5 3 3 2 3 57 25 4 5 4 4 4 3 4 5 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 5 5 2 5 48 35 5 5 5 4 4 1 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 4 67 45 4 4 4 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 4 4 3 4 3 4 1 4 1 4 87 55 4 5 4 4 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 67 65 4 4 4 4 3 1 4 2 5 4 5 4 5 1 4 4 2 5 3 5 37 75 5 5 5 5 5 4 2 2 4 3 4 5 5 3 5 5 3 5 2 5 28 85 5 5 5 4 4 1 4 4 3 5 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 5 1 5 77 95 5 5 5 5 5 2 5 3 3 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 4 5 2 4 68


611

06 4 5 4 5 5 2 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 28 16 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 5 4 4 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 3 5 68 26 5 5 5 5 4 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 5 4 4 5 2 4 18 36 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 1 4 27 46 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 2 5 5 2 5 2 4 08 56 5 4 3 3 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 2 5 3 5 98 66 4 5 5 5 5 2 4 4 4 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 3 1 3 48 76 5 5 4 4 4 1 5 4 5 5 5 4 4 2 5 5 4 4 4 4 38 86 4 3 2 1 3 3 4 1 4 3 2 1 3 3 5 4 3 4 4 4 16 96 3 4 5 5 4 1 5 1 4 4 5 3 4 3 4 3 3 4 3 5 37 07 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 3 3 4 4 4 3 4 18 17 5 5 5 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 3 5 4 4 4 5 5 3 3 58 27 5 5 5 5 5 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 2 4 38 37 5 5 5 5 5 2 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 5 5 1 5 2 5 88 47 5 5 5 5 5 1 4 4 4 5 5 4 4 2 4 5 4 5 2 5 38 57 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 5 4 3 4 78 67 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 3 3 4 3 3 3 4 2 4 57 77 5 5 4 5 5 2 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 1 5 09 87 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 4 3 3 4 4 1 3 3 1 46 97 5 5 4 4 4 3 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 5 5 3 5 3 5 88 08 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 5 5 3 3 4 5 4 4 5 5 2 5 48 18 5 5 4 5 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 3 3 3 5 5 77


711

28 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 3 4 4 4 4 1 5 4 1 37 38 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 3 3 5 3 5 3 3 3 5 18 48 5 4 5 4 4 2 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 88 58 5 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 5 3 5 78 68 4 3 2 1 2 3 4 1 4 3 2 1 2 2 5 4 3 4 3 4 75 78 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 4 3 5 4 4 4 5 3 5 87 88 5 4 4 4 4 3 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 3 4 18 98 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 4 5 3 4 4 5 4 3 5 3 3 4 87 09 4 4 5 4 4 1 4 3 3 3 4 3 3 4 3 3 2 5 1 1 46 19 5 5 5 5 5 3 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 68 29 4 3 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 57 39 3 3 3 4 4 1 3 3 4 4 5 2 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 66 49 5 3 4 5 3 2 4 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 3 5 2 5 77 59 5 5 4 5 4 4 4 5 3 4 4 5 4 2 5 5 3 5 3 5 48 69 5 5 1 4 4 2 5 5 5 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 5 3 4 4 28 79 5 5 5 4 4 1 3 2 4 5 5 5 4 4 5 4 4 5 2 4 08 89 3 3 4 4 4 5 4 2 5 5 4 4 4 5 5 3 3 5 4 5 18 99 5 4 4 5 4 1 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 1 4 27 001 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 09


811

narajalebmeP aideM gnatnet awsiS ispesreP naaynatreP .2

PSER 1ADM 2ADM 3ADM 4ADM 5ADM 6ADM 7ADM 8ADM 9ADM 01ADM LATOT 1 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 14 2 5 5 5 5 4 4 3 3 5 5 44 3 5 3 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 24 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 93 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 3 5 5 5 64 6 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 04 7 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 93 8 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 94 9 3 4 5 5 4 4 5 3 4 4 14 01 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 84 11 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 4 24 21 4 4 4 4 5 5 3 3 3 5 04 31 5 4 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 84 41 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 3 4 73 51 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 04 61 5 5 5 4 5 3 4 3 5 5 44 71 4 4 5 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 04 81 5 5 5 5 4 5 4 3 4 4 44 91 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 04


911

02 5 5 5 5 5 3 4 4 3 5 44 12 5 3 4 5 4 4 4 5 5 4 34 22 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 04 32 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 05 42 4 3 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 73 52 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 94 62 5 3 4 3 5 4 3 3 5 4 93 72 4 3 5 5 5 3 3 5 5 5 34 82 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 83 92 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 94 03 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 4 24 13 5 4 4 5 4 5 4 5 5 5 64 23 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 14 33 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 5 4 4 34 43 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 5 4 4 34 53 4 4 4 4 5 4 3 5 4 4 14 63 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 04 73 5 5 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 5 54 83 4 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 54 93 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 83 04 4 3 4 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 63 14 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 3 73


021

24 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 04 34 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 24 44 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 53 54 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 14 64 4 4 4 4 4 5 3 4 2 4 83 74 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 83 84 5 5 5 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 14 94 5 4 4 5 3 5 5 5 4 4 44 05 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 93 15 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 93 25 3 4 4 3 4 3 3 4 4 3 53 35 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 14 45 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 14 55 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 93 65 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 24 75 5 5 4 5 5 3 4 4 4 1 04 85 5 4 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 54 95 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 04 06 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 93 16 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 14 26 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 83 36 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 23


121

46 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 4 83 56 4 3 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 33 66 3 3 4 3 4 3 3 3 4 5 53 76 4 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 34 86 5 4 3 3 2 3 4 5 5 3 73 96 4 4 3 4 3 2 3 3 4 4 43 07 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 24 17 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 5 5 4 64 27 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 14 37 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 14 47 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 83 57 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 5 5 14 67 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 44 77 3 4 3 4 4 3 4 3 5 5 83 87 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 5 4 23 97 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 44 08 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 44 18 5 4 4 4 3 3 5 3 3 5 93 28 5 5 5 5 4 3 3 3 4 5 24 38 3 2 4 3 4 4 3 4 4 5 63 48 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 4 73 58 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 3 73


221

68 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 4 5 5 84 78 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 5 04 88 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 4 5 34 98 5 5 5 4 5 4 3 4 5 5 54 09 4 4 4 4 5 4 3 4 4 5 14 19 3 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 43 29 3 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 4 5 53 39 5 5 3 4 3 3 2 3 3 4 53 49 3 4 4 3 4 4 3 3 4 5 73 59 4 3 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 5 83 69 3 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 04 79 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 4 4 83 89 4 4 4 4 4 5 2 3 3 4 73 99 4 4 3 5 4 3 3 5 5 5 14 001 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 5 5 44


321

aaynatreP .3 edoteM gnatnet awsiS ispesreP nnarajalebmeP

PSER 1TEM 2TEM 3TEM 4TEM 5TEM 6TEM 7TEM 8TEM 9TEM 01TEM 11TEM 21TEM LATOT

1 4 4 4 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 4 5 05 2 4 3 4 4 2 4 5 5 5 5 4 4 94 3 4 4 4 3 2 4 5 5 4 5 5 5 05 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 74 5 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 05 6 4 4 3 2 4 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 74 7 3 4 4 4 3 3 4 5 5 5 5 5 05 8 5 4 4 5 3 4 5 5 1 5 4 5 05 9 5 5 5 5 3 3 5 5 5 2 5 5 35 01 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 95 11 3 4 4 3 3 2 5 5 5 3 5 5 74 21 5 5 5 3 5 3 5 3 5 5 5 4 35 31 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 85 41 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 64 51 4 4 4 4 2 2 4 4 4 4 5 4 54 61 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 5 5 5 55 71 4 3 3 4 2 4 5 5 5 5 4 4 84 81 5 4 4 5 4 2 4 5 5 5 5 5 35 91 3 4 4 4 3 5 5 5 5 5 3 4 05


421

02 3 4 3 5 3 3 5 5 3 5 5 5 94 12 3 4 4 5 1 3 5 5 3 5 5 5 84 22 4 4 4 4 3 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 25 32 4 5 5 5 2 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 55 42 4 3 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 93 52 5 5 4 5 3 5 5 4 5 4 5 5 55 62 5 5 5 5 2 4 3 3 3 5 3 5 84 72 3 5 3 5 2 4 5 5 3 5 3 5 84 82 4 3 3 5 1 4 5 5 3 4 4 5 64 92 3 5 5 5 1 3 5 5 3 5 5 5 05 03 4 4 4 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 65 13 3 3 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 5 4 5 34 23 4 3 4 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 54 33 5 4 4 4 2 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 94 43 4 4 3 4 3 2 3 4 4 5 5 5 64 53 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 94 63 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 5 4 4 4 5 45 73 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 74 83 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 74 93 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 94 04 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 5 4 3 74 14 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 65


521

24 3 4 3 4 5 3 5 3 5 5 5 5 05 34 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 3 5 5 5 5 94 44 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 45 54 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 5 25 64 4 3 3 3 2 2 4 1 1 5 3 3 43 74 5 5 5 5 4 3 3 3 4 4 3 4 84 84 3 2 4 3 4 5 3 5 5 5 5 5 94 94 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 1 2 24 05 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 25 15 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 4 5 5 4 4 65 25 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 64 35 5 5 5 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 64 45 5 5 5 4 5 4 3 3 3 4 3 3 74 55 4 4 4 4 5 4 3 4 4 5 4 4 94 65 3 3 4 3 4 3 4 5 4 3 2 5 34 75 3 3 3 4 4 3 5 5 5 4 3 4 64 85 5 5 3 5 3 3 2 4 3 4 5 4 64 95 3 4 4 3 4 4 3 3 5 5 3 5 64 06 4 3 4 4 4 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 05 16 3 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 5 2 5 94 26 4 4 5 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 5 4 94 36 4 4 4 4 4 5 2 4 4 4 4 4 74


621

46 4 4 3 5 4 3 3 4 5 5 4 5 94 56 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 5 3 3 94 66 3 3 5 5 5 3 5 3 5 3 5 5 05 76 4 5 5 5 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 94 86 1 3 4 3 4 5 4 3 4 4 1 4 04 96 3 3 3 4 4 2 4 4 1 3 1 3 53 07 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 34 17 4 4 4 4 3 5 4 5 4 5 5 4 15 27 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 54 37 4 4 4 5 4 4 2 4 4 3 4 5 74 47 5 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 74 57 5 3 5 5 5 4 3 5 5 5 5 5 55 67 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 4 4 5 3 4 05 77 5 3 3 5 5 4 4 5 3 5 5 5 25 87 4 5 4 4 3 4 5 5 4 5 4 5 25 97 5 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 25 08 4 3 4 4 3 3 2 3 3 4 2 3 83 18 4 4 4 3 2 2 4 4 2 4 2 4 93 28 5 5 5 2 2 5 5 5 3 5 3 5 05 38 4 4 4 5 3 4 5 5 3 5 5 5 25 48 4 4 3 4 2 3 4 4 2 4 2 3 93 58 4 4 3 5 3 3 4 4 3 4 3 5 54


721

68 4 5 4 5 2 3 5 5 4 5 3 5 05 78 3 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 54 88 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 84 98 3 3 3 2 1 3 3 4 4 4 4 3 73 09 4 2 5 5 3 5 4 4 5 5 5 4 15 19 3 3 4 4 2 4 4 5 3 4 5 3 44 29 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 3 4 93 39 2 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 4 4 3 4 63 49 3 3 3 3 2 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 83 59 4 4 3 3 2 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 64 69 5 3 5 4 4 4 3 5 5 5 5 5 35 79 4 3 3 4 5 3 3 3 4 4 1 5 24 89 5 5 2 5 5 4 5 5 4 5 5 5 55 99 3 4 3 4 1 4 3 2 4 4 4 3 93 001 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 84


821

3 NARIPMAL

ISUBIRTSID RATFAD

ISNEUKERF


921

LARTNES IALIN NARUKU ,ISNEUKERF ISUBIRTSID RATFAD

KATEL NAD

nautnab apnat launam nagnutihrep nagned haloid naidumek helorepid halet gnay ataD

halada nakukalid naka gnay launam nagnutihreP .SPPS margorp :tukireb iagabes

.A isneukerF isubirtsiD ratfaD taubmeM

iagabes nagnutihrep sumur nakanugid isneukerf isubirtsid ratfad taubmem kutnU

:tukireb

.1 gnatner nakutneneM

rasebret atad = gnatneR – licekret atad

.2 lavretni salek kaynab nakutneneM

nakutnenem malaD .A.H helo nakirebid gnay namodep utaus ada salek kaynab

:tukireb iagabes sumur nagned ,segurtS sumur tubesid ayntujnales gnaY .segurtS

n gol )3,3( + 1 = salek kaynaB

n : nagnareteK atad aynkaynab :

3,3 natsnok nagnalib :

.3 salek lavretni nakutneneM

= Pgnatner

kaynab salek

.4 gnisam salek adap atad nakkusameM - gnisam .B kateL nad lartneS ialiN narukU

nagnutihreP snairav neisifeok nad ,isaived radnats ,litrauk ,naidem ,sudom ,naem

66:6991( anajduS irad sumur nakanuggnem - :tukireb iagabes halada )101

.1 ataR - )naem( gnutih atar


031

ataR - aynkaynab nagned igabid atad ialin halmuj halada atad naiakgnar utaus atar

.atad : tukireb iagabes halada naem nakutnenem kutnu sumuR

x� =fixifi

:nagnareteK fixi : nailakrep irad halmuj fi nad xi

fi halmuj : fi

.2 sudoM

gnilap uata idajret kaynab gnilap gnay atad ialin halada atad naiakgnar utaus sudoM

.oM takgnisid sudom naruku ,nakanugid kaynab sudom nakutnenem kutnu sumuR

: tukireb iagabes halada

p + b = oM (b1

b1 + b2)

nagnareteK b : : satab isneukerf nagned lavretni salek halai ,ladom salek

kaynabret

p : ladom salek gnajnap

b1 : lavretni salek isneukerf ignarukid ladom salek isneukerf

ladom salek adnat mulebes licek hibel salek adnat nagned

b2 : ignarukid ladom salek isneukerf lavretni salek isneukerf

salek adnat haduses raseb hibel gnay salek adnat nagned

ladom

.3 naideM

halet gnay atad naiakgnar irad hagnet ialin halada atad naiakgnar utaus naideM

: tukireb iagabes halada naidem nakutnenem kutnu sumuR .rutaret araces nususret

M p + b = e (1

2� n − Ff

)


131

b : nagnareteK : naka naidem anam id salek halai ,naidem salek hawab satab

katelret

p : naidem salek gnajnap

n : atad kaynab uata lepmas naruku

F : erf aumes halmuj salek adnat nagned isneuk irad licek hibel

naidem salek adnat

f : naidem salek isneukerf

.4 )isaiveD radnatS ( ukaB nagnapmiS

:tukireb iagabes halada )isaived radnats( ukab nagnapmis nakutnenem kutnu sumuR

s2 =n i� ix 2− ( i� ix )2

n ( n−1 )

: nagnareteK ixif : irad nailakrep halmuj fi nagned xi

( i� ix )2 : halmuj nailakrep irad tardauk fi nagned xi

n : nednopser halmuj

nad isneukerf isubirtsid ratfad launam nagnutihrep akam ,sataid sumur nakrasadreB

halada naitilenep lebairav pait naitilenep atad halognem kutnu katel lartnes naruku

:tukireb iagabes

.1 yajnaS KMS mekaP a


atad halmuJ 03 =

iggnitret ataD = 49

hadneret ataD = 27

egnaR 49 = - 27 = 22

salek kaynaB n gol 3,3 + 1 =

03 gol )3,3( + 1 =

)5,1( )3,3( + 1 =


231

59,5 =

6 =

lavretnI 22 = saleK / 6 = 4 = 76,3

gnisam ataD - salek gnisam

saleK lavretnI

if )%(rf ix 𝐢𝐱 𝟐 ixif

if 𝐢𝐱 𝟐

27 - 57 1 3,3 5,37 52,2045 5,37 52,2045 67 - 97 6 02 5,77 52,6006 564 5,73063 08 - 38 21 04 5,18 52,2466 879 70797 48 - 78 5 7,61 5,58 52,0137 5,724 52,15563 88 - 19 4 3,31 5,98 52,0108 853 14023 29 - 59 2 7,6 5,39 52,2478 781 5,48471

latoT 03 001 9842 5,322702

2 = naeM 984 28 = 03 / 38 = 79,

4( + 5 ,97 = sudoM ) � 66+7

� = 53,18

+ 5 ,97 = naideM 4( ) � 51 −721

� = 71,28

s2 =03 × 322702 ,5−( 9842 )2

03 ×( 03 −1) = 8,42 0

= S √ 42 , 08 89,4 = =

.b narajalebmeP aideM nataafnameP gnatnet awsiS ispesreP

atad halmuJ 03 =

iggnitret ataD = 05

hadneret ataD = 73

egnaR 05 = - 37 = 31



331

03 gol )3,3( + 1 =

)5,1( )3,3( + 1 =

59,5 =

6 =

lavretnI = saleK 31 / 6 = 2


saleKlavretnI


if 𝐢𝐱 𝟐

73 - 83 3 01 5,73 52,6041 5,211 57,8124 93 - 04 9 03 5,93 52,0651 5,553 3,24041 14 - 24 5 7,61 5,14 52,2271 5,702 52,1168 34 - 44 6 02 5,34 52,2981 162 5,35311 54 - 64 1 3,3 5,54 52,0702 5,54 52,0702 74 - 84 2 7,6 5,74 52,6522 59 5,2154 94 - 05 4 3,31 5,94 52,0542 891 1089

latoT 03 001 5721 5,90645

5,24 = 03 / 5721 = naeM

83 = sudoM 5 , 2( + ) ( 66+4

)= 7,93

2( + 5 ,83 = naideM ) ( 51 −39

) = 71,14

s2 =03 × 90645 ,5−( 5721 )2

03 ×( 03 −1) = 55,41

= S � 41 , 55 18,3 =


431

.c narajalebmeP edoteM naanuggneP gnatnet awsiS ispesreP

atad halmuJ 03 =

iggnitret ataD = 95

hadneret ataD = 93

egnaR 95 = - 93 = 02


03 gol )3,3( + 1 =

)5,1( )3,3( + 1 =

59,5 =

6 =

lavretnI 02 = saleK / 6 = 3


saleKlavretnI if )%(rf ix 𝐢𝐱 𝟐 ixif

if 𝐢𝐱 𝟐

93 - 14 1 3,3 04 0061 04 0061 24 - 44 0 0 34 9481 0 0 54 - 74 6 02 64 6112 672 69621 84 - 05 31 3,34 94 1042 736 31213 15 - 35 4 3,31 25 4072 802 61801 45 - 65 4 3,31 55 5203 022 00121 75 - 95 2 7,6 85 4633 611 8276

latoT 03 001 7941 35157

1 = naeM 794 = 03 / 9,94

3 = sudoM 7 ( + 5 , 3 ) ( 77+9

) = 7,93

3 = naideM 7 ( + 5 , 3 ) ( 51 −731

) = 53,93


531

s2 =03 × 35157 −( 7941 )2

03 ×( 03 −1) = 16,51

= S � 51 , 16 59,3 =

.d IX saleK awsiS isnatnukA rajaleB isatserP

atad halmuJ 03 =

iggnitret ataD = 39

hadneret ataD = 67

egnaR 39 = - 67 = 71


03 gol )3,3( + 1 =

)5,1( )3,3( + 1 =

59,5 =

6 =

lavretnI 71 = saleK / 6 = 3


saleKlavretnI


if 𝐢𝐱 𝟐

67 - 87 8 7,62 77 9295 616 23474 97 - 18 8 7,62 08 0046 046 00215 28 - 48 4 3,31 38 9886 233 65572 58 - 78 7 3,32 68 6937 206 27715 88 - 09 2 7,6 98 1297 871 24851 19 - 39 1 3,3 29 4648 29 4648

latoT 03 001 0642 662202


631

28 = 03 / 0642 = naeM

)3( + 5 ,87 = sudoM ( 00+4

) = 5,87

)3( + 5 ,87 = naideM ( 51 −88

) = 31,18

s2 =03 × 662202 −( 0642 )2

03 ×( 03 −1) = 38,81

= S √ 81 , 38 = 43,4



atad halmuJ 07 =

iggnitret ataD = 39

hadneret ataD = 75

egnaR 39 = - 75 = 63


gol )3,3( + 1 = 07

58,1( )3,3( + 1 = )

501,7 =

7 =

lavretnI 63 = saleK / 7 = 5 = 41,5


saleKlavretnI


if 𝐢𝐱 𝟐

75 - 16 1 34,1 95 1843 95 1843 26 - 66 5 41,7 46 6904 023 08402 76 - 17 1 34,1 96 1674 96 1674 27 - 67 31 91 47 6745 269 88117


731

77 - 18 71 42 97 1426 3431 790601 28 - 68 32 33 48 6507 2391 882261 78 - 19 9 31 98 1297 108 98217 29 - 69 1 34,1 49 6388 49 6388

latoT 07 001 0855 024844 = 07 / 0855 = naeM 7,97

18 = sudoM 5( + 5 , ) ( 66+ 41

) = 38

= naideM 8 5( + 5 ,1 ) ( 53 − 7332

) = 18

s2 =07 × 024844 −( 0855 )2

07 ×( 07 −1) = 4,25

= S � 25 ,4 = 42,7

.b P gnatnet awsiS ispesreP narajalebmeP aideM nataafname

atad halmuJ 07 =

iggnitret ataD = 84

hadneret ataD = 23

egnaR 84 = - 23 = 61


07 gol )3,3( + 1 =

)58,1( )3,3( + 1 =

501,7 =

7 =

lavretnI 1 = saleK 6 / 7 = 2 = 82,2


831


saleKlavretnI


if 𝐢𝐱 𝟐

23 - 33 3 3,4 5,23 52,6501 5,79 57,8613 43 - 53 7 01 5,43 52,0911 5,142 57,1338 63 - 73 8 4,11 5,63 52,2331 292 85601 83 - 93 41 02 5,83 52,2841 935 5,15702 04 - 14 81 7,52 5,04 52,0461 927 5,42592 24 - 34 8 4,11 5,24 52,6081 043 05441 44 - 54 9 9,21 5,44 52,0891 5,004 3,22871 64 - 74 2 9,2 5,64 52,2612 39 5,4234 84 - 94 1 4,1 5,84 52,2532 5,84 52,2532

latoT 07 001 1872 483111

1872 = naeM = 07 / 37,93

2( + 5 ,93 = sudoM ) ( 44+ 01

) = 04

= naideM 93 2( + 5 , ) ( 53 − 2381

) = 38,93

s2 =07 × 483111 −( 1872 )2

07 ×( 07 −1) = 31

= S √ 31 = 6,3

.c eP gnatnet awsiS ispesreP naanuggn eM edot narajalebmeP

atad halmuJ 07 =

iggnitret ataD = 65

hadneret ataD = 34

egnaR = 65 - 34 = 22


07 gol )3,3( + 1 =


931

)58,1( )3,3( + 1 =

501,7 =

7 =

lavretnI = saleK 22 / 7 = 41,3 = 3


saleKlavretnI if )%(rf ix 𝐢𝐱 𝟐 ixif

if 𝐢𝐱 𝟐

43 - 63 3 3,4 53 5221 501 5763 73 - 93 7 01 83 4441 662 80101 04 - 24 3 3,4 14 1861 321 3405 34 - 54 8 4,11 44 6391 253 88451 64 - 84 71 3,42 54 5202 567 52443 94 - 15 91 1,72 05 0052 059 00574 25 - 45 9 9,21 35 9082 774 18252 55 - 75 4 7,5 65 6313 422 44521

latoT 07 001 2623 460451

= naeM 2623 = 07 / 6,64

= sudoM 84 ( + 5 , 3 ) ( 22+ 01

) = 94

= naideM 84 ( + 5 , 3 ) ( 53 − 8391

) = 84

s2 =07 × 460451 −( 2623 )2

07 ×( 07 −1) = 8,92

= S √ 92 ,8 = 5,5


041

.d IIX saleK awsiS isnatnukA rajaleB isatserP

atad halmuJ 07 =

iggnitret ataD = 78

hadneret ataD = 56

egnaR 78 = - 56 = 22


07 gol )3,3( + 1 =

)58,1( )3,3( + 1 =

501,7 =

7 =

lavretnI 22 = saleK / 7 = 3 = 41,3


saleKlavretnI


if 𝐢𝐱 𝟐

56 - 76 1 4,1 66 6534 66 6534 86 - 07 1 4,1 96 1674 96 1674 17 - 37 91 1,72 27 4815 8631 69489 47 - 67 82 04 57 5265 0012 005751 77 - 97 9 9,21 87 4806 207 65745 08 - 28 7 01 18 1656 765 72954 38 - 58 3 3,4 48 6507 252 86112 68 - 88 2 9,2 78 9657 471 83151

latoT 07 001 8925 201204

7,57 = 07 / 8925 = naeM

37 = sudoM )3( + 5 , ( 99+ 91

) = 5,47

37 = naideM )3( + 5 , ( 53 − 1282

) = 57


141

s2 =07 × 201204 −( 8925 )2

07 ×( 07 −1) = 22,61

= S √ 61 , 22 = 4

.3 KMS gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS nad mekaP ayajnaS

.a K naalolegneP gnatnet awsiS ispesreP sale

atad halmuJ 001 =

iggnitret ataD = 49

hadneret ataD = 75

egnaR 49 = - 75 = 73


001 gol )3,3( + 1 =

)2( )3,3( + 1 =

6,7 =

8 =

lavretnI 73 = saleK / = 8 6,4 52 5 =


saleKlavretnI


if 𝐢𝐱 𝟐

65 - 06 1 1 85 4633 85 4633 16 - 56 4 4 36 9693 252 67851 66 - 07 2 2 86 4264 631 8429 17 - 57 01 01 37 9235 037 09235 67 - 08 32 32 87 4806 4971 239931 18 - 58 63 63 38 9886 8892 400842 68 - 09 12 12 88 4477 8481 426261 19 - 59 3 3 39 9468 972 74952

latoT 001 001 5808 582856


241

naeM = 5808 / 58,08 = 001

5 ,08 = sudoM )5( + ( 3131 + 51

)= 28 ,28

)5( + 5 ,08 = naideM ( 05 − 0463

) = ,18 9

s2 =001 × 582856 −( 5808 )2

001 ×( 001 −1) = 6,64

= S √ 64 ,6 = 8,6

.b ispesreP gnatnet awsiS nataafnameP P aideM narajalebme

atad halmuJ 001 =

iggnitret ataD = 05

taD a hadneret = 23

egnaR 05 = - 23 = 81

n gol 3,3 + 1 = salek kaynaB

001 gol )3,3( + 1 =

)2( )3,3( + 1 =

6,7 =

8 =

lavretnI 81 = saleK = 8/ 2 , 2 = 52


saleKlavretnI


if 𝐢𝐱 𝟐

13 - 23 2 2 5,13 52,299 36 5,4891 33 - 43 3 3 5,33 52,2211 5,001 57,6633 53 - 63 7 7 5,53 52,0621 5,842 57,1288


341

73 - 83 91 91 5,73 52,6041 5,217 57,81762 93 - 04 91 91 5,93 52,0651 5,057 57,44692 14 - 24 12 12 5,14 52,2271 5,178 52,76163 34 - 44 51 51 5,34 52,2981 5,256 57,38382 54 - 64 7 7 5,54 52,0702 5,813 57,19441 74 - 84 3 3 5,74 52,6522 5,241 57,8676 94 - 05 4 4 5,94 52,0542 891 1089

latoT 001 001 8504 941661

8504 = naeM / = 001 85 ,04

4 = sudoM 0 2( + 5 , ) � 22+6

� = 14

,04 = naideM 2( + 5 ) ( 05 − 0512

) = 5,04

s2 =001 × 941661 −( 8504 )2

001 × ( 001 −1) = 51

= S √ 51 = 8,3

.c ispesreP gnatnet awsiS naanuggneP P edoteM narajalebme

atad halmuJ 001 =

iggnitret ataD = 95

hadneret ataD = 43

egnaR 95 = - 43 = 25

gol 3,3 + 1 = salek kaynaB n

001 gol )3,3( + 1 =

)2( )3,3( + 1 =

6,7 =

8 =

lavretnI 52 = saleK 8/ 3 =


441

gnisam ataD - salek gnisam :

saleKlavretnI


if 𝐢𝐱 𝟐

43 - 63 2 2 53 5221 07 0542 73 - 93 9 9 83 4441 243 69921 04 - 24 3 3 14 1861 321 3405 34 - 54 9 9 44 6391 693 42471 64 - 84 62 62 74 9022 2221 43475 94 - 15 82 82 05 0052 0041 00007 25 - 45 31 31 35 9082 986 71563 55 - 75 8 8 65 6313 844 88052 85 - 06 2 2 95 1843 811 2696

latoT 001 001 8084 419332

4 = naeM 808 / 4 = 001 8

84 = sudoM , 5 3( + ) ( 22+ 51

) = ,84 58

)3( + 5 ,84 = naideM ( 05 − 9482

) = 6,84

s2 =001 × 419332 −( 8084 )2

001 × ( 001 −1) = 37,72

= S √ 72 , 37 = 3,5

.d awsiS isnatnukA rajaleB isatserP

atad halmuJ 001 =

iggnitret ataD = 39

hadneret ataD = 56

egnaR 39 = – 56 = 82

n gol 3,3 + 1 = salek kaynaB


541

001 gol )3,3( + 1 =

)2( )3,3( + 1 =

6,7 =

8 =

lavretnI 82 = saleK = 8/ 5,3 3 =


saleKlavretnI


if 𝐢𝐱 𝟐

56 - 76 1 1 66 6534 66 6534 86 - 07 1 1 96 1674 96 1674 17 - 37 91 91 27 4815 8631 69489 47 - 67 92 92 57 5265 5712 521361 77 - 97 91 91 87 4806 2841 695511 08 - 28 11 11 18 1656 198 17127 38 - 58 11 11 48 6507 429 61677 68 - 88 6 6 78 9657 225 41454 98 - 19 2 2 09 0018 081 00261 29 - 49 1 1 39 9468 39 9468

latoT 001 001 0777 483606

0777 = naeM / ,77 = 001 70

3( + 5 ,37 = sudoM ) ( 0101 + 01

) = 57

3( + 5 ,37 = naideM ) ( 05 − 1292

) = 5,67

s2 =001 × 483606 −( 0777 )2

001 ×( 001 −1) = 28,62

= S √ 62 , 28 = 2,5


641

4 NARIPMAL

IROGETAK

NAGNUREDNECEK

LEBAIRAV


741

LEBAIRAV NAGNUREDNECEK IROGETAK

gnaY .lebairav nagnurednecek nakutnenem kutnu nakanugid II epiT PAP

gnay naialinep utaus halada )PAP( nakotaP naucA naialineP nagned duskamid

nakutnetid halet gnay nakotap nagned isatserp utaus nakgnidnabmem

.aynmmulebes ok naasaugnep nakapurem II epiT PAP surah gnay isnetepm

.)pukuc( %65 laminim roks halada iapacid

.II epiT )PAP( nakotaP naucA naialineP adap ucagnem roks naisubirtsidneP

isnetepmoK naasaugneP takgniT lebairaV nagnuredneceK irogetaK %18 - %001 iggniT tagnaS %66 - %08 iggniT %65 - %56 pukuC %64 - %55 hadneR

%64 hawab iD hadneR tagnaS

gnisam nagnurednecek irad irogetak ,akaM - iagabes halada lebairav gnisam

:tukireb

.1 mekaP ayajnaS KMS

.a saleK naalolegneP

= 5 x 02 halada iapacid gnay mumiskam roks idaj ,02 = laos meti halmuJ

roks nad 001 02 =1 x 02 halada muminim

oN nagnutihreP lavretnI roks isneukerF P re esatnes airetirK

1 001( %18 + 02 - 8,48 = )0258 idajnem naktalubid uata 58 - 001 11 7,63 tagnaS

iggniT 2 001( %66 + 02 - 8,27 = )02

37 idajnem naktalubid uata 37 - 48 81 06 iggniT

3 + 02 001( %65 - 8,46 = )0256 idajnem naktalubid uata 56 - 27 1 3,3 pukuC


841

4 001( %64 + 02 - 8,65 = )0275 idajnem naktalubid uata 75 - 46 - - hadneR

5 001( %64 + 02 < - )02 75< - - tagnaShadneR

halmuJ 03 001

.b narajalebmep aideM

idaj ,01 = laos meti halmuJ = 5 x 01 halada iapacid gnay mumiskam roks

01 = 1 x 01 halada muminim roks nad 05

oN nagnutihreP lavretnI roks isneukerF esatnesreP airetirK


iggniT 2 05( %66 + 01 - 4,63 = )01

uata 63 idajnem naktalubid 63 - 14 41 7,64 iggniT

3 05( %65 + 01 - 4,23 = )0123 idajnem naktalubid uata 23 - 53 - - pukuC


5 05( %64 + 01 < - )01 82 < - - tagnaShadneR

halmuJ 03 001

.c narajalebmeP edoteM




1 06( %18 + 21 - 88,05 = )2115 idajnem naktalubid uata 15 – 06 01 3,33 tagnaS

iggniT 2 06( %66 + 21 - 86 ,34 = )21

44 idajnem naktalubid uata 44 – 05 91 3,36 iggniT

3 06( %65 + 21 - 88,83 = )2193 idajnem naktalubid uata 93 – 34 1 3,3 pukuC


941

4 06( %64 + 21 - 80,43 = )2143 idajnem naktalubid uata

43 – 83 - - hadneR

5 01 < 06( %64 + - )21 43 < - - tagnaShadneR

halmuJ 03 001

.d rajaleB isatserP

J x 1 halada iapacid gnay mumiskam roks akam ,1 = narajalep atam halmu

0 = 0 x 1 halada iapacid gnay muminim roks nad 001 = 001


1 001( %18 + 0 – 18 = )0 18 – 001

61 3,35 tagnaSiggniT

2 001( %66 + 0 - 66 = )0 66 – 08 41 7,64 iggniT 3 001( %65 + 0 - 65 = )0 65 – 56 - - pukuC 4 001( %64 + 0 - 64 = )0 64 – 55 - - hadneR 5 001( %64 + 01 < - )0 64 < - - tagnaS

hadneR halmuJ 03 001


051




02 =1 x 02 halada muminim roks nad 001

oN nagnutihreP lavretnI roks isneukerF P re esatnes airetirK

1 001( %18 + 02 - = )02 8,4858 idajnem naktalubid uata 58 - 001 61 8,22 tagnaS

iggniT 2 001( %66 + 02 - 8,27 = )02

37 idajnem naktalubid uata 37 - 48 54 2,46 iggniT

3 001( %65 + 02 - 8,46 = )0256 idajnem naktalubid uata 56 - 27 4 6 pukuC

4 001( %64 + 02 - 8,65 = )02 uata 75 idajnem naktalubid 75 - 46 5 7 hadneR

5 001( %64 + 02 < - )02 75< - - tagnaShadneR

halmuJ 07 001






iggniT 2 05( %66 + 01 - 4,63 = )01

63 idajnem naktalubid uata 63 - 14 83 3,45 iggniT

3 05( %65 + 01 - 4,23 = )01 idajnem naktalubid uata 23 23 - 53 01 3,41 pukuC


5 05( %64 + 01 < - )01 82 < - - tagnaShadneR

halmuJ 07 001


151





1 06( %18 + 21 - 88,05 = )2115 idajnem naktalubid uata 15 – 06 51 4,12 tagnaS

iggniT 2 06( %66 + 21 - 86 ,34 = )21

44 idajnem naktalubid uata 44 – 05 93 7,55 iggniT

3 06( %65 + 21 - 88,83 = )2193 idajnem naktalubid uata 93 – 34 01 3,41 pukuC


43 – 83 6 6,8 hadneR

5 06( %64 + 01 < - )21 43 < - - tagnaShadneR

halmuJ 07 001

.d rajaleB isatserP

atam halmuJ x 1 halada iapacid gnay mumiskam roks akam ,1 = narajalep

0 = 0 x 1 halada iapacid gnay muminim roks nad 001 = 001


1 001( %18 + 0 – 18 = )0 18 – 001

11 7,51 tagnaSiggniT

2 001( %66 + 0 - = )0 66 66 – 08 95 3,48 iggniT 3 001( %65 + 0 - 65 = )0 65 – 56 - - pukuC 4 001( %64 + 0 - 64 = )0 64 – 55 - - hadneR 5 001( %64 + 01 < - )0 64 < - - tagnaS



251

.3 nipmaG 1 KKPY KMS nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS g


meti halmuJ kam roks idaj ,02 = laos = 5 x 02 halada iapacid gnay mumis

001 02 =1 x 02 halada muminim roks nad

oN nagnutihreP lavretnI roks isneukerF erP esatnes airetirK

1 001( %18 + 02 - 8,48 = )0258 idajnem naktalubid uata 58 - 001

82

82

tagnaSiggniT

2 + 02 001( %66 - 8,27 = )0237 idajnem naktalubid uata 37 - 48 26 26 iggniT

3 001( %65 + 02 - 8,46 = )0256 idajnem naktalubid uata 56 - 27 5 5 pukuC

4 001( %64 + 02 - 8,65 = )0275 idajnem naktalubid uata 75 - 46 5 5 hadneR

5 001( %64 + 02 < - )02 75< 0 0 tagnaShadneR

halmuJ 001 001


kam roks idaj ,01 = laos meti halmuJ 5 x 01 halada iapacid gnay mumis =

50 01 = 1 x 01 halada muminim roks nad


1 05( %18 + 01 - 4,24 = )01 uata 24 idajnem naktalubid 24 - 05 73 73 tagnaS

iggniT 2 05( %66 + 01 - 4,63 = )01

63 idajnem naktalubid uata 63 - 14 45 45 iggniT

3 05( %65 + 01 -1 4,23 = )0 idajnem naktalubid uata 23 23 - 53 9 9 pukuC

4 05( %64 + 01 - 01 4,82 = ) idajnem naktalubid uata 82 82 - 13 0 0 hadneR

5 05( %64 + 01 < - )01 82 < 0 0 tagnaShadneR

halmuJ 001 001


351





1 06( %18 + 21 - 88,05 = )2115 idajnem naktalubid uata 15 – 06 52 52 tagnaS

iggniT 2 06( %66 + 21 - 86 ,34 = )21

44 idajnem naktalubid uata 44 – 05 85 85 iggniT

3 06( %65 + 21 - 88,83 = )2193 idajnem naktalubid uata 93 – 34 21 21 pukuC


43 – 83 5 5 hadneR

5 06( %64 + 01 < - )21 43 < 0 0 tagnaShadneR

halmuJ 001 001

.d rajaleB isatserP

J x 1 halada iapacid gnay mumiskam roks akam ,1 = narajalep atam halmu

minim roks nad 001 = 001 mu 0 = 0 x 1 halada iapacid gnay


1 001( %18 + 0 – 18 = )0 18 – 001

82 82 tagnaSiggniT

2 001( %66 + 0 - 66 = )0 66 – 08 17 17 iggniT 3 0 001( %65 + - 65 = )0 65 – 56 1 1 pukuC 4 0 001( %64 + - 64 = )0 64 – 55 0 0 hadneR 5 001( %64 + 01 < - )0 64 < 0 0 tagnaS



451

5 NARIPMAL

NAD SATIDILAV IJU

SATILIBAILER


551

ytilibaileR

.A saleK naalolegneP gnatnet awsiS ispesreP

:elacS LLA SELBAIRAV

yrammuS gnissecorP esaC

N %

sesaC dilaV 03 5.26

dedulcxE a 81 5.73

latoT 84 0.001 lla no desab noiteled esiwtsiL .a

.erudecorp eht ni selbairav

scitsitatS ytilibaileR

s'hcabnorCahplA

s'hcabnorC desaB ahplA

no dezidradnatS

smetI smetI fo N

919. 129. 02


651

scitsitatS metI

naeM noitaiveD .dtS N

1KP 04.4 427. 03 2KP 03.4 156. 03 3KP 01.4 551.1 03 4KP 33.4 857. 03 5KP 02.4 167. 03 6KP 38.3 747. 03 7KP 73.4 516. 03 8KP 37.3 180.1 03 9KP 32.4 477. 03 01KP 33.4 606. 03 11KP 73.4 817. 03 21KP 72.4 046. 03 31KP 38.3 135. 03 41KP 36.3 829. 03 51KP 72.4 868. 03 61KP 73.4 966. 03 71KP 07.3 778. 03 81KP 08.3 169. 03 91KP 03.4 207. 03 02KP 33.4 117. 03


751

retnI - xirtaM noitalerroC metI

1KP 2KP 3KP 4KP 5KP 6KP 7KP 8KP 9KP 01KP

1KP 000.1 864. 363. 773. 522. 015. 972. 285. 023. 751. 2KP 864. 000.1 837. 914. 134. 306. 504. 214. 906. 571. 3KP 363. 837. 000.1 334. 804. 066. 533. 294. 793. 592. 4KP 773. 914. 334. 000.1 992. 604. 371. 182. 612. 050. 5KP 522. 134. 804. 992. 000.1 706. - 880. 204. 544. 570. 6KP 015. 306. 066. 604. 706. 000.1 831. 314. 745. 302. 7KP 972. 504. 533. 371. - 880. 831. 000.1 - 550. 664. 394. 8KP 285. 214. 294. 182. 204. 314. - 550. 000.1 811. 530. 9KP 023. 906. 793. 612. 544. 745. 664. 811. 000.1 221. 01KP 751. 571. 592. 050. 570. 302. 394. 530. 221. 000.1 11KP 173. 643. 114. 841. 411. 642. 226. 571. 325. 066. 21KP 802. 892. 633. 590. - 240. 142. 235. 700. 882. 474. 31KP 081. 944. 435. 922. 143. 363. 491. 143. 053. 682. 41KP 772. 714. 815. 325. 004. 605. 381. 944. 363. 904. 51KP 813. 204. 195. 972. 433. 694. 125. 981. 025. 084. 61KP 652. 412. 784. 363. 393. 016. 942. 041. 924. 382. 71KP 853. 504. 346. 702. 003. 005. 910. 776. 701. 952. 81KP 862. 584. 467. 241. 933. 526. 263. 544. 983. 374. 91KP 663. 942. 924. 354. 533. 955. 612. 542. 473. 261. 02KP 204. 744. 873. 892. 644. 826. 362. 992. 606. 392.


851

11KP 21KP 31KP 41KP 51KP 61KP 71KP 81KP 91KP 02KP

1KP 173. 802. 081. 772. 813. 652. 853. 862. 663. 204. 2KP 643. 892. 944. 714. 204. 412. 504. 584. 942. 744. 3KP 114. 633. 435. 815. 195. 784. 346. 467. 924. 873. 4KP 841. 590. 922. 325. 972. 363. 702. 241. 354. 892. 5KP 411. - 240. 143. 004. 433. 393. 003. 933. 533. 644. 6KP 642. 142. 363. 605. 694. 016. 005. 526. 955. 826. 7KP 226. 235. 491. 381. 125. 942. 910. 263. 612. 362. 8KP 571. 700. 143. 944. 981. 041. 776. 544. 542. 992. 9KP 325. 882. 053. 363. 025. 924. 701. 983. 473. 606. 01KP 066. 474. 682. 904. 084. 382. 952. 374. 261. 392. 11KP 000.1 554. 825. 614. 766. 582. 532. 954. 093. 724. 21KP 554. 000.1 933. 450. 463. 742. 072. 835. 034. 771. 31KP 825. 933. 000.1 251. 896. 871. 952. 374. 905. 533. 41KP 614. 450. 251. 000.1 043. 533. 835. 594. 082. 104. 51KP 766. 463. 896. 043. 000.1 835. 542. 686. 345. 125. 61KP 582. 742. 871. 533. 835. 000.1 073. 745. 914. 954. 71KP 532. 072. 952. 835. 542. 073. 000.1 366. 702. 111. 81KP 954. 835. 374. 594. 686. 745. 366. 000.1 105. 405. 91KP 093. 034. 905. 082. 345. 914. 702. 105. 000.1 126. 02KP 724. 771. 533. 104. 125. 954. 111. 405. 126. 000.1


951

metI - scitsitatS latoT

naeM elacS fideteleD metI

elacS fi ecnairaVdeteleD metI

detcerroCmetI - latoT

noitalerroC

derauqS elpitluMnoitalerroC

s'hcabnorC metI fi ahplA

deteleD

1KP 03.87 967.09 725. . 719. 2KP 04.87 667.98 876. . 419. 3KP 06.87 968.08 787. . 019. 4KP 73.87 284.19 944. . 819. 5KP 05.87 978.09 984. . 719. 6KP 78.87 034.78 757. . 219. 7KP 33.87 462.39 414. . 919. 8KP 79.87 155.78 784. . 919. 9KP 74.87 994.98 875. . 619. 01KP 73.87 731.39 234. . 819. 11KP 33.87 588.98 995. . 519. 21KP 34.87 310.39 714. . 919. 31KP 78.87 335.29 365. . 719. 41KP 70.97 732.78 406. . 519. 51KP 34.87 323.68 217. . 219. 61KP 33.87 158.09 075. . 619. 71KP 00.97 384.88 465. . 619. 81KP 09.87 688.38 187. . 019. 91KP 04.87 011.09 795. . 519. 02KP 73.87 026.98 726. . 519.

elacS scitsitatS

naeM ecnairaV .dtS

noitaiveD smetI fo N

07.28 265.89 829.9 02


061

ytilibaileR

.B narajalebmeP aideM gnatnet awsiS ispesreP


yrammuS gnissecorP esaC N %

sesaC dilaV 03 0.001

dedulcxE a 0 0.

latoT 03 0.001 esiwtsiL .a lla no desab noiteled

.erudecorp eht ni selbairav


s'hcabnorCahplA


no dezidradnatS

smetI smetI fo N

568. 768. 01

scitsitatS metI

naeM .dtS

noitaiveD N

1ADM 74.4 186. 03 2ADM 32.4 626. 03 3ADM 04.4 365. 03 4ADM 33.4 606. 03 5ADM 33.4 117. 03 6ADM 09.3 217. 03 7ADM 38.3 747. 03 8ADM 32.4 827. 03


161

9ADM 32.4 477. 03 01ADM 33.4 745. 03


1ADM 2ADM 3ADM 4ADM 5ADM 6ADM 7ADM 8ADM 9ADM 01ADM

1ADM 000.1 445. 593. 825. 732. 313. 163. 062. 044. 494.

2ADM 445. 000.1 606. 506. 702. 682. 210. 033. 283. 276.

DM 3A 593. 606. 000.1 505. 271. 301. 461. 962. 352. 065.

DM 4A 825. 506. 505. 000.1 392. 993. 302. 563. 221. 584.

5ADM 732. 702. 271. 392. 000.1 904. 826. 115. 606. 523.

DM 6A 313. 682. 301. 993. 904. 000.1 784. 217. 284. 344.

7ADM 163. 210. 461. 302. 826. 784. 000.1 554. 745. 013.

DM 8A 062. 033. 962. 563. 115. 217. 554. 000.1 154. 813.

DM 9A 044. 283. 352. 221. 606. 284. 745. 154. 000.1 345.

01ADM 494. 276. 065. 584. 523. 344. 013. 813. 345. 000.1


261


fi naeM elacSdeteleD metI

elacS fi ecnairaVdeteleD metI


noitalerroC



deteleD

1ADM 38.73 338.61 175. 625. 358.

2ADM 70.83 861.71 565. 517. 358.

3ADM 09.73 559.71 564. 635. 068.

4ADM 79.73 443.71 155. 546. 458.

5ADM 79.73 456.61 475. 506. 358.

6ADM 04.83 554.61 116. 186. 948.

7ADM 74.83 176.61 535. 326. 658.

8ADM 70.83 043.61 616. 236. 948.

9ADM 70.83 629.51 246. 286. 748.

01ADM 79.73 731.71 676. 746. 748.

scitsitatS elacS

naeM ecnairaV .dtS

noitaiveD smetI fo N

03.24 394.02 725.4 01


361

ytilibaileR

.C narajalebmeP edoteM gnatnet awsiS ispesreP



s'hcabnorCahplA


no dezidradnatS

smetI smetI fo N

648. 168. 21

scitsitatS metI

naeM noitaiveD .dtS N

1TEM 74.4 186. 03 2TEM 32.4 626. 03 3TEM 38.3 135. 03 4TEM 30.4 966. 03 5TEM 07.2 911.1 03 6TEM 76.3 448. 03 7TEM 37.3 089. 03 8TEM 02.4 155. 03 9TEM 75.3 179. 03 01TEM 32.4 626. 03 11TEM 36.3 098. 03 21TEM 73.4 817. 03


461


fi naeM elacSdeteleD metI

ecnairaV elacSdeteleD metI fi


noitalerroC



deteleD

1TEM 02.24 015.82 985. 217. 038. 2TEM 34.24 022.92 045. 906. 438. 3TEM 38.24 570.03 005. 816. 838. 4TEM 36.24 327.82 175. 925. 238. 5TEM 79.34 284.72 683. 385. 258. 6TEM 00.34 126.82 534. 775. 148. 7TEM 39.24 460.62 326. 076. 628.


TEM1

TEM2

TEM3

TEM4

TEM5

TEM6

TEM7

TEM8

TEM9

TEM01

TEM11

TEM21

1TEM 000.1 445. 905. 075. 541. 061. 843. 492. 425. 203. 292. 455.

2TEM 445. 000.1 522. 393. 450. 712. 455. 061. 922. 065. 382. 746.

3TEM 905. 522. 000.1 504. 302. 884. 903. 453. 321. 522. 132. 825.

4TEM 5. 07 393. 504. 000.1 092. 180. 772. 653. 593. 393. 724. 674.

5TEM 1. 54 450. 302. 092. 000.1 563. 671. 634. 744. - 490. 633. 072.

6TEM 061. 712. 884. 180. 563. 000.1 415. 544. 070. 382. 160. 634.

7TEM 3. 84 455. 903. 772. 671. 415. 000.1 032. 543. 766. 972. 286.

8TEM 2. 49 061. 453. 653. 634. 544. 032. 000.1 232. 062. 551. 442.

9TEM 5. 42 922. 321. 593. 744. 070. 543. 232. 000.1 271. 806. 483.

01TEM 203. 065. 522. 393. - 490. 382. 766. 062. 271. 000.1 382. 746.

11TEM . 292 382. 132. 724. 633. 160. 972. 551. 806. 382. 000.1 973.

21TEM . 455 746. 825. 674. 072. 634. 286. 442. 483. 746. 973. 000.1


561

8TEM 74.24 981.03 854. 064. 938. 9TEM 01.34 129.62 635. 686. 438. 01TEM 34.24 624.92 705. 807. 638. 11TEM 30.34 628.72 594. 915. 738. 21TEM 03.24 540.72 367. 757. 818.

scitsitatS elacS

naeM ecnairaV noitaiveD .dtS smetI fo N

76.64 462.33 867.5 21


661

6 NARIPMAL

SATILAMRON IJU


761

SATILAMRON IJU

mekaP ayajnaS KMS kutnU

SATILAMRON IJU

gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS kutnU


laudiseR








laudiseR








861

SATILAMRON IJU

nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS kutnU gnipmaG 1 KKPY



laudiseR





vorogomloK - Z vonrimS 408. .pmysA 2( .giS - )deliat 835.


961

7 NARIPMAL

ISERGER SISILANA

ANAHREDES


071

ANAHREDES ISERGER


noissergeR

rajaleB isatserP padahret salek naalolegneP gnatnet awsiS ispesreP

isnatnukA

devomeR/deretnE selbairaV b

ledoM selbairaV

deretnE selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 saleK.gneP a . retnE

.deretne selbairav detseuqer llA .a

isatserP :elbairaV tnednepeD .b

yrammuS ledoM

ledoM R erauqS R R detsujdA

erauqS eht fo rorrE .dtS

etamitsE

1 534. a 981. 061. 121.4

saleK.gneP ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP .a

AVONA b

ledoM serauqS fo muS fd erauqS naeM F .giS

1 noissergeR 741.111 1 741.111 445.6 610. a

laudiseR 355.574 82 489.61

latoT 007.685 92




171

stneiciffeoC a

ledoM

stneiciffeoC dezidradnatsnU dezidradnatS

stneiciffeoC

t .giS B rorrE .dtS ateB

1 )tnatsnoC( 699.94 275.21 779.3 000.

saleK.gneP 683. 151. 534. 855.2 610.



271

noissergeR ispesreP rajaleB isatserP padahret narajalebmeP aideM gnatnet awsiS

isnatnukA


ledoM selbairaV

deretnE selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 aideM a . retnE



yrammuS ledoM



etamitsE

1 221. a 510. - 020. 345.4

aideM ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP .a

AVONA b


1 noissergeR 496.8 1 496.8 124. 225. a

laudiseR 600.875 82 346.02

latoT 007.685 92



stneiciffeoC a

ledoM


stneiciffeoC


1 )tnatsnoC( 191.88 324.9 953.9 000.

aideM - 341. 022. - 221. - 946. 225.



371

noissergeR ispesreP narajalebmeP edoteM gnatnet awsiS rajaleB isatserP padahret

isnatnukA


ledoM selbairaV

deretnE selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 edoteM a . retnE

llA .a .deretne selbairav detseuqer


yrammuS ledoM



etamitsE

1 580. a 700. - 820. 165.4

edoteM ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP .a

AVONA b


1 noissergeR 862.4 1 862.4 502. 456. a

laudiseR 234.285 82 108.02

latoT 007.685 92



stneiciffeoC a

ledoM


stneiciffeoC


1 )tnatsnoC( 896.68 481.01 315.8 000.

edoteM - 290. 202. - 580. - 354. 456.



471

ANAHREDES ISERGER


noissergeR padahret salek naalolegneP gnatnet awsiS ispesreP rajaleB isatserP

isnatnukA


ledoM selbairaV

deretnE selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 saleK.gneP a . retnE



yrammuS ledoM



etamitsE

1 720. a 100. - 410. 989.3


AVONA b


1 noissergeR 608. 1 608. 150. 328. a

laudiseR 560.2801 86 319.51

latoT 178.2801 96

:srotciderP .a saleK.gneP ,)tnatsnoC(



571

stneiciffeoC a

ledoM


stneiciffeoC


1 )tnatsnoC( 675.47 762.5 061.41 000.

saleK.gneP 510. 660. 720. 522. 328.

.a isatserP :elbairaV tnednepeD


671

noissergeR rajaleB isatserP padahret narajalebmeP aideM gnatnet awsiS ispesreP

isnatnukA


ledoM selbairaV

deretnE selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 aideM a . retnE

llA .a .deretne selbairav detseuqer


yrammuS ledoM



etamitsE

1 151. a 320. 800. 549.3


AVONA b


1 noissergeR 896.42 1 896.42 785.1 212. a

laudiseR 471.8501 86 165.51

latoT 178.2801 96



stneiciffeoC a

ledoM


stneiciffeoC


1 )tnatsnoC( 814.28 803.5 825.51 000.

aideM - 861. 331. - 151. - 062.1 212.



771

noissergeR ispesreP narajalebmeP edoteM gnatnet awsiS rajaleB isatserP padahret

isnatnukA

selbairaV devomeR/deretnE b

ledoM selbairaV

deretnE selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 edoteM a . retnE



yrammuS ledoM



etamitsE

1 551. a 420. 010. 249.3


AVONA b


1 noissergeR 020.62 1 020.62 476.1 002. a

laudiseR 258.6501 86 245.51

latoT 178.2801 96


:elbairaV tnednepeD .b isatserP

stneiciffeoC a

ledoM


stneiciffeoC


1 )tnatsnoC( 291.07 623.4 422.61 000.

edoteM 911. 290. 551. 492.1 002.



871

ANAHREDES ISERGER

gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS kutnU

noissergeR

rajaleB isatserP padahret salek naalolegneP gnatnet awsiS ispesreP

isnatnukA


ledoM selbairaV

deretnE selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 saleK.gneP a . retnE detseuqer llA .a .deretne selbairav


yrammuS ledoM



etamitsE

1 332. a 450. 540. 629.4


AVONA b


1 noissergeR 938.631 1 938.631 046.5 910. a

laudiseR 106.7732 89 162.42

latoT 044.4152 99




971

stneiciffeoC a

ledoM


stneiciffeoC


1 )tnatsnoC( 638.36 248.5 729.01 000.

saleK.gneP 171. 270. 332. 573.2 910.



081

noissergeR rajaleB isatserP padahret narajalebmeP aideM gnatnet awsiS ispesreP

isnatnukA


ledoM deretnE selbairaV

selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 aideM a . retnE .deretne selbairav detseuqer llA .a


yrammuS ledoM

ledoM R erauqS R erauqS R detsujdA

eht fo rorrE .dtS

etamitsE

1 980. a 800. - 200. 540.5


AVONA b


1 noissergeR 731.02 1 731.02 197. 673. a

laudiseR 303.4942 89 254.52

latoT 044.4152 99


tnednepeD .b isatserP :elbairaV

stneiciffeoC a

ledoM

stneiciffeoC dezidradnatsnU

dezidradnatS

stneiciffeoC


1 )tnatsnoC( 819.27 553.5 616.31 000.

aideM 711. 131. 980. 988. 673.



181

nossergeR ispesreP narajalebmeP edoteM gnatnet awsiS rajaleB isatserP padahret

isnatnukA


ledoM selbairaV

deretnE selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 edoteM a . retnE .deretne selbairav detseuqer llA .a


ledoM yrammuS



etamitsE

1 042. a 850. 840. 719.4


AVONA b


1 noissergeR 079.441 1 079.441 699.5 610. a

laudiseR 074.9632 89 871.42

latoT 044.4152 99



stneiciffeoC a

ledoM


stneiciffeoC


1 )tnatsnoC( 123.66 756.4 142.41 000.

edoteM 732. 790. 042. 944.2 610.



281

8 NARIPMAL

ISERGER SISILANA

ADNAG


381

ADNAG ISERGER


noissergeR


ledoM selbairaV

deretnE selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 ,edoteM ,saleK.gneP

aideM a . retnE


.b isatserP :elbairaV tnednepeD

yrammuS ledoM b


erauqS fo rorrE .dtS

etamitsE eht

1 144. a 491. 101. 562.4 aideM ,saleK.gneP ,edoteM ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP .a


AVONA b

ledoM fo muS

serauqS fd erauqS naeM F .giS

1 noissergeR 368.311 3 459.73 780.2 621. a

laudiseR 738.274 62 681.81

latoT 007.685 92



481

AVONA b

ledoM fo muS


1 noissergeR 368.311 3 459.73 780.2 621. a

laudiseR 738.274 62 681.81

latoT 007.685 92


stneiciffeoC a

ledoM

dezidradnatsnUstneiciffeoC

dezidradnatSstneiciffeoC


1 )tnatsnoC( 784.05 908.81 486.2 210.

saleK.gneP 783. 161. 634. 404.2 420.

aideM - 001. 762. - 680. - 673. 017.

edoteM 570. 742. 070. 303. 467. :elbairaV tnednepeD .a isatserP

scitsitatS slaudiseR a

muminiM mumixaM naeM .dtS

noitaiveD N

eulaV detciderP 85.77 91.68 01.28 189.1 03 laudiseR - 445.6 795.8 000. 830.4 03

detciderP .dtSeulaV

- 282.2 260.2 000. 000.1 03

laudiseR .dtS - 535.1 610.2 000. 749. 03 .a isatserP :elbairaV tnednepeD


581

ADNAG ISERGER


noissergeR


ledoM selbairaV

deretnE selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 ,edoteM ,aideM

saleK.gneP a . retnE


.b isatserP :elbairaV tnednepeD

yrammuS ledoM b



etamitsE eht

1 222. a 940. 600. 949.3 saleK.gneP ,aideM ,edoteM ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP .a


AVONA b

ledoM fo muS


1 noissergeR 895.35 3 668.71 641.1 733. a

laudiseR 372.9201 66 595.51

latoT 178.2801 96

saleK.gneP ,aideM ,edoteM ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP .a



681

stneiciffeoC a

ledoM




1 )tnatsnoC( 197.67 040.8 155.9 000.

saleK.gneP 200. 660. 400. 130. 579.

aideM - 771. 331. - 061. - 033.1 881.

edoteM 521. 390. 361. 833.1 681. isatserP :elbairaV tnednepeD .a

scitsitatS slaudiseR a


noitaiveD N

eulaV detciderP 95.37 37.77 67.57 188. 07 laudiseR - 236.9 227.11 000. 268.3 07

detciderP .dtSeulaV

- 364.2 342.2 000. 000.1 07

laudiseR .dtS - 934.2 869.2 000. 879. 07 :elbairaV tnednepeD .a isatserP


781

ADNAG ISERGER gnipmaG 1 KKPY KMS nad mekaP ayajnaS KMS kutnU

noissergeR


ledoM selbairaV

deretnE selbairaV

devomeR dohteM

1 ,edoteM ,saleK.gneP

aideM a . retnE

selbairav detseuqer llA .a .deretne


yrammuS ledoM



etamitsE eht

1 313. a 890. 070. 168.4 aideM ,saleK.gneP ,edoteM ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP .a

AVONA b

ledoM fo muS


1 noissergeR 479.542 3 199.18 074.3 910. a

laudiseR 664.8622 69 036.32

latoT 044.4152 99




881

stneiciffeoC a

ledoM




1 )tnatsnoC( 300.55 039.7 639.6 000.

saleK.gneP 841. 270. 202. 650.2 340.

aideM 720. 231. 020. 102. 148.

edoteM 102. 101. 402. 699.1 940. isatserP :elbairaV tnednepeD .a

slaudiseR scitsitatS a


noitaiveD N

eulaV detciderP 49.27 61.18 66.77 675.1 001 laudiseR - 377.9 969.31 000. 787.4 001

detciderP .dtSeulaV

- 299.2 122.2 000. 000.1 001

laudiseR .dtS - 010.2 478.2 000. 589. 001 :elbairaV tnednepeD .a isatserP


981

9 NARIPMAL

F ,r LEBAT t nad


091


191


291


391

01 NARIPMAL

TARUS

NAITILENEP NIJI


491


591


691


791


891


991


002

llll


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