Toluviejo -el toroDISEO DEL PAVIMENTO TRAMOTOLUVIEJO EL TORONESTOR LEVER CARDOSOIng civilCORPORACIN UNIVERSITARIA MINUTO DE DIOSFACULTAD INGENIERA - PAVIMENTOSGIRARDOT2!"FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toroOBJETIVOGENERAL Di#$%&' (n )&vi*$n+, c,n (n c&'&c+$'-#+ic .($ c(*)l&n c,n +,/l '$gl&*$n+&ci,n$# inviFACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toroINTRODUCCIONEl )',0$c+, c,n#i#+$ $n $l /i#$%, /$ l& v-& .($ c,*)'$n/$ &l +'&*, $n+'$ +,l(vi$1,0 $l +,',.($ c,n#+& /$ " 2* $n $l /$)&'+&*$n+, /$l #(c'$ *$/i&n+$ l,# *3+,/,#vi#+,# $n cl$ /$ )&vi*$n+,4P,' E#+ '&5,n$# /$#)i$'+&n $lin+$'3# /$ 6&c$' (n &n7li#i# /$ l,# $#+(/i,# /$#($l,# '$&li5&/,# 0 /$ '$&li5&' )',0$cci,n$# /$l +'7n#i+, .($ #$ g$n$'&'7 ),' l&c,n#+'(cci8n /$ l& v-& c,n 9$ $n $#+(/i,# '$&li5&/,# $n l& 5,n& , $n ,+' 5,nc,n c&'&c+$'-#+ic #i*il&'$# $n $l +'&*,4 :&1, $#+,# /,# )&'7*$+',# #$ )'$#$n+&$l /i#$%, /$ l& $#+'(c+('& /$l )&vi*$n+, #$g;n l& *$+,/,l,g-& AAS$9'$',0*&'5,G $n &9'il c&$n &lg(n ll(vi .($ #$ g$n$'&li5&n & )&'+i' /$ *&0,G $n 1(li, 0&g,#+, 6&0 (n& lig$'& /i#*in(ci8n ll&*&/& l,c&l*$n+$ Hv$'&nill, /$ S&n J(&nHGc(l*in& $l cicl, $n ,c+(9'$ c,n l& *&0,' c,nc$n+'&ci8n /$ l )'$ci)i+&ci,n$#? c&$/('&n+$ $#+$ *$# * &g(& /$ l& .($ $n )',*$/i, &),'+& l,# cinc, *$#$# #$c,#/$ /ici$*9'$ & &9'il IE4O4T 2J41.3 CARACTERSTICAS GEOLGICASEl 7'$&/$$#+(/i,$#+7(9ic&/&$nl&)l&nc6&KKSinc$l$1,? >,'*&ci8nS&nC&0$+&n,0>,'*&ci8nT,l(vi$1,I/$n,*in&/),' $#+(/i,#/$l INGEOMINAS?2!J41.4 ACTIVIDADES ECONMICASL )'inci)&l$# &c+ivi/&/$# $c,n8*ic #,n l& &g'ic(l+('& 0 l& g&n&/$'-&? /$ &6-/$'iv&n )'i*,'/i&l*$n+$ #(# ing'$#,#? #( >,'*& /$ $F)l,+&ci8n $# $n g'&n *&0,'-&$l *ini>(n/i,? +&*9i3n#$/&$nl&5,n&(n+i),/$$F)l,+&ci8n/$g&n&/$'-&$F+$n#iv&? ,+'& )&'+$ /$ l& ),9l&ci8n ,9+i$n$ $l #(#+$n+, /i&'i, c,*, 1,'n&l$',FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toro1.5 Mapa G!"#$%&'!FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toroFACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toro2. T#$()&*!2.1 V!+,-( .+ *#$()&*!El v,l(*$n /$l +'7n#i+, $# $l n;*$', /$ v$6-c(l,# .($ )& ),' (n )(n+, /$ (n&v-& /('&n+$ (n )$'-,/, /$ +i$*),4L c&'&c+$'-#+ic /$ l& v-& /$)$n/$'7n /$ l& c&n+i/&/ 0 +i), /$ v$6-c(l,# .($ l&(#&'7n? - c,*, l li*i+&ci,n$# .($ i*),n$ $l '$li$v$4 P&'& c&/& )',0$c+, #$/$9$ '$&li5&' $l $#+i*&+iv, /$ l& /$*&n/&? $n c&/& &%, /$ l&vi/& ;+il /$ l& v-&4 2.2 T#$()&*! P#!-.&! D&a#&! /TPD0FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toroS$ /$>in$ +'7n#i+, )',*$/i, /i&'i, ITPDJ? c,*, $ln;*$', +,+&l /$ v$6-c(l,# .($ )&n /('&n+$ (n)$'i,/, /&/, I$n /- c,*)l$+,#J ig(&l 8 *$n,' & (n&%, 0 *&0,' .($ (n /-&? /ivi/i/, $n+'$ $ln;*$', /$/- /$l )$'i,/,42.3 C!-p!)&'&1( .+ *#$()&*!&J EFi#+$n+$E# $l .($ (#& l& *i#*& v-& .($ #$ v& & *$1,'&'? &n+$# /$ .($ +&l 6$c6, ,c(''&4 Si#$ +'&+& /$ (n& v-& n($v&? $#+$ c,*),n$n+$ n, $Fi#+i'749J A+'&-/,El )',0$c+, &+'&$ +'7n#i+, /$ ,+' v- $Fi#+$n+$#? 0& .($ )&'& &lg(n 5,n /$l)',0$c+,? c(&n/, $#+3 c,n#+'(i/,? ,>'$c$'7 *7# v$n+&1 & l,# (#(&'i,# .($ lv- $Fi#+$n+$#4 L& /$>inici8n /$l 7'$& /$ in>l($nci& .($ #$ inc,'),'& &l )',0$c+, #$6&c$ g$n$'&l*$n+$ 9&1, l& c,n#i/$'&ci8n /$ +i$*),# /$ vi&1$? $F+$n/i3n/,#$ $l7'$& /$ in>l($nci& 6+& l& l-n$& .($ )$'*i+$ 6&c$' $l vi&1$ $n $l *$n,' +i$*),?c,*)&'&n/, c,n l& (+ili5&ci8n /$ ,+'& v-& $Fi#+$n+$42. 4 I('#-(*! .+ T#$()&*!&J C'$ci*i$n+, N,'*&lC,n#i/$'&$l c'$ci*i$n+,/$l&),9l&ci8n/$l 7'$&/$in>l($nci&0&/$*7#? l&)',9&9l$ $v,l(ci8n $n $l n;*$', 0 +i), /$ v$6-c(l,#49J G$n$'&/,L&*i#*&v-&? /$#/$$l *,*$n+,/$$n+'&' $n#$'vici,? c'$&(n+'7n#i+,c,n*,+iv&ci8n/$'$c'$&ci8n4 E#+,#(#(&'i,#n,6(9i$'&n$Fi#+i/,#i l&v-&n,#$c,n#+'(0$4cJ D$#&'',ll&/,FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toroL,#c&*9i,#i*)'$vi#+,#.($,c(''$n$n$l (#,/$l#($l, /$l 7'$& /$ in>l($nci& /$l )',0$c+,? )',/(c$n (nc,*),n$n+$ /$ +'7n#i+, ),' $l /$#&'',ll, &/ici,n&l .($l& *i#*& v-& c&(#&42. 5 P#!2''&1( .+ *#$()&*!L& '$l&ci8n /$l +'7n#i+, >(+(', &l +'7n#i+, inici&l #$ /$n,*in& >&c+,' /$ )',0$cci8n/$l +'7n#i+,4Al *i#*,in#+&n+$.($l&v-$/&&l #$'vici,/$l,#(#(&'i,#? $l+'7n#i+, #$ c,*),n$ /$l +'7n#i+, $Fi#+$n+$? &+'&-/, 0 $l g$n$'&/,G #$ ll&*&'7 & $#+(*& $l +'7n#i+, inici&l T,/,42.3 Ca#a'*#4)*&'a) . +!) 564',+!)Al *,*$n+, /$ /i#$%&' (n& c&''$+$'& #$ /$9$ c,n,c$' l c&'&c+$'-#+ic /$ l,#v$6-c(l,# .($ l (#&'7n? c,*, l, #,n #( cli>ic&ci8n? /i*$n#i8n? /i#+'i9(ci8n 0)$#, /$ #(# $1$#? '&/i, *-ni*, /$ gi',4En g$n$'&l? #$ c,n#i/$'&n /,# cl$# /$ v$6-c(l,#@ livi&n,# 0 )$#&/,#43DISE7O DE LA ESTRUCTURA DEL PAVIMENTO3.1 Pa5&-(*!S$g;n M$1-& I22J (n )&vi*$n+, ),' l, g$n$'&l $# (n& $#+'(c+('& c,n>,'*&/& ),'/i>$'$n+$# c&)? /$ /i>$'$n+$# $#)$#,'$# 0 /$ /i>$'$n+$# c&li/&/$#? l c(&l$# &lFACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toroin+$'&c+(&' (n c,n ,+' ,>'$c$n (n g'&/, /$'$#i#+$nci& &l ), /$ l,# v$6-c(l,#4L,# )&vi*$n+,# #$ cli>ic&n /$ &c($'/, c,n l& >,'*&c,*,#$+'&n#*i+$l,#$#>($'5,#g$n$'&/,#),' l,#v$6-c(l,#$n$l #($l,/$#,),'+$4 E#+,#)($/$n#$'>l$Fi9l$#? '-gi/,#? #$*i''-gi/,# 0 &'+ic(l&/,#4D$#/$$l )(n+,/$vi#+&>(nci,n&l (n)&vi*$n+,$#(n&$#+'(c+('&.($)$'*i+$+'&n#*i+i' $n >,'*& &/$c(&/& l c&'g 6&ci& $l +$''$n, /$ >(n/&ci8n? #in .($ #$)'$#$n+$ ',+('& , /$>,'*&ci,n$# $Fc$#iv $n #( $#+'(c+('&G &/$*7# )',),'ci,n&(n& #()$'>ici$ /$ ',/&/('& (ni>,'*$ .($ )$'*i+$ l& ci'c(l&ci8n li9'$ /$ l,#v$6-c(l,# 0 c,n+',l& l& in>il+'&ci8n /$ l &g( #()$'>ici&l$# .($ )($/$n &l+$'&' l)',)i$/&/$# /$ l,# *&+$'i&l$# c,n#+i+(+iv,# /$l #(9-#($l,43.2 INTRODUCCIN A LOS PAVIMENTOS RGIDOS Un )&vi*$n+, /$ c,nc'$+, , )&vi*$n+, '-gi/, c,n#i#+$ 97#ic&*$n+$ $n (n& l,#&/$ c,nc'$+, #i*)l$ , &'*&/,? &),0&/& /i'$c+&*$n+$ #,9'$ (n& 9$ , #(99$4L& l,#&? /$9i/, & #( 'igi/$5 0 &l+, *8/(l, /$ $l+ici/&/? &9#,'9$ g'&n )&'+$ /$ l,#$#>($'5,# .($ #$ $1$'c$n #,9'$ $l )&vi*$n+, l, .($ )',/(c$ (n& 9($n&/i#+'i9(ci8n /$ l c&'g /$ '($/&? /&n/, c,*, '$#(l+&/, +$n#i,n$# *(0 9&1 $nl& #(9'&n+$4 T,/, l, c,n+'&'i, #(c$/$ $n l,# )&vi*$n+,# >l$Fi9l$#? .($ &l +$n$'*$n,' 'igi/$5? +'&n#*i+$nl,#$#>($'5,#6&ci&lc&)in>$'i,'$#l,c(&l +'&$c,*, c,n#$c($nci& *&0,'$# +$n#i,n$# $n l& #(9'&n+$? c,*, #$ )(/$ &)'$ci&'$n l& >ig('& !4!4 L,# $l$*$n+,# .($ c,n>,'*&n (n )&vi*$n+, '-gi/, #,n@ #(9'&n+$? #(99$ 0 l&l,#& /$ c,nc'$+,4 A c,n+in(&ci8n #$ 6&'7 (n& 9'$v$ /$#c'i)ci8n /$ c&/& (n, /$ l,#$l$*$n+,# .($ c,n>,'*&n $l )&vi*$n+, '-gi/,4 FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toroa0 S,8#a)a(* L& #(9'&n+$ $# $l #,),'+$ n&+('&l? )'$)&'&/, 0c,*)&c+&/,? $n l& c(&l #$ )($/$ c,n#+'(i' (n)&vi*$n+,4 L& >(nci8n /$ l& #(9'&n+$ $# /&' (n&),0, '&5,n&9l$*$n+$ (ni>,'*$? #in c&*9i,# 9'(#c,#$n $l v&l,' #,),'+$? $# /$ci'? *(c6, *7# i*),'+&n+$ $#.($ l& #(9'&n+$ 9'in/$ (n &),0, $#+&9l$ & .($ +$ng&(n& &l+& c&)&ci/&/ /$ #,),'+$4 P,' l, +&n+,? #$ /$9$ +$n$' *(c6, c(i/&/, c,n l&$F)&n#i8n /$ #($l,#4 80 S,88a) L& c&)& /$ #(99$ $# l& ),'ci8n /$ l& $#+'(c+('& /$l )&vi*$n+, '-gi/,? .($ #$$nc($n+'&$n+'$l(9'&n+$0l&l,#&'-gi/&4 C,n#i#+$/$(n&,*7#c&)c,*)&c+ /$ *&+$'i&l g'&n(l&' , $#+&9ili5&/,G l& >(nci8n )'inci)&l /$ l& #(99$$# )'$v$ni' $l9,*9$, /$ l,# #($l,# /$ g'&n,# >in,#4 L& #(99$ $# ,9lig&+,'i&c(&n/, l& c,*9in&ci8n /$ #($l,#? &g(&? 0 +'7>ic, )($/$n g$n$'&' $l 9,*9$,4 T&l$#c,n/ici,n$# #$ )'$#$n+&n c,n >'$c($nci& $n $l /i#$%,/$)&vi*$n+,#)&'& v-)'inci)&l$# 0 /$ +'7n#i+, )$#&/,4En+'$ ,+' >(nci,n$# .($ /$9$ c(*)li' #,n@ L P',),'ci,n&' (ni>,'*i/&/? $#+&9ili/&/ 0 #,),'+$ (ni>,'*$4 L Inc'$*$n+&' $l *8/(l, IMJ /$ '$&cci8n /$ l& #(9'&n+$4 L Mini*i5&' l,# $>$c+,# /&%in,# /$ l& &cci8n /$ l 6$l&/ L P',v$$' /'$n&1$ c(&n/, #$& n$c$#&'i,4 L P',),'ci,n&' (n& )l&+&>,'*& /$ +'&9&1, )&'& l,# $.(i),# /$ c,n#+'(cci8n4 '0 L!)a L& l,#& $# /$ c,nc'$+, /$ c$*$n+, ),'+l&n/4 El >&c+,' *-ni*, /$ c$*$n+, /$9$/$+$'*in&'#$$n9$&$n#&0,#/$l&9,'&+,'i,0),' $F)$'i$nci&)'$vi/$'$#i#+$nci& 0 /('&9ili/&/4 S$ /$9$'7 (#&' c,nc'$+, c,n &i'$ inc,'),'&/, /,n/$ #$&n$c$#&'i, )',),'ci,n&' '$#i#+$nci& &l /$+$'i,', #()$'>ici&l /$9i/, &l 6i$l,-/$#6i$l,?& l #&l$# , )&'& *$1,'&' l& +'&9&1&9ili/&/ /$ l& *$5cl&43.3 JUNTASFACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toroL& >(nci8n /$ l 1(n+ c,n#i#+$ $n *&n+$n$' l+$n#i,n$# /$l& l,#& )',v,c&/),'l& c,n+'&cci8n 0$F)&n#i8n /$l )&vi*$n+, /$n+', /$ l,# v&l,'$#&/*i#i9l$# /$l c,nc'$+,G , /i#i)&' +$n#i,n$# /$9i/ &&g'i$+&*i$n+,# in/(ci/,# /$9&1, /$ l *i#* l,# S,n *(0 i*),'+&n+$# )&'& g&'&n+i5&' l& /('&ci8n /$ l&$#+'(c+('&? #i$n/,(n&/$l)&(+)&'&c&li>ic&'l&9,n/&//$(n)&vi*$n+,4 P,' ,+',l&/,? /$9$n#$' '$ll$n&/c,n*&+$'i&l$#&)',)i&/,#? (+ili5&n/,+3cnic c,n#+'(c+iv $#)$c->ic Enc,n#$c($nci&? l&c,n#$'v&ci8n 0 ,),'+(n& '$)&'&ci8n /$ l >&ll $n l 1(n+ #,n /$ci#iv )&'&l& vi/& ;+il /$ (n )&vi*$n+,4 D$ &c($'/, & #( (9ic&ci8n '$#)$c+, /$ l& /i'$cci8n )'inci)&l , $1$ /$l )&vi*$n+,?#$ /$n,*in&n c,*, l,ngi+(/in&l$# 0 +'&n#v$'#&l$#4 S$g;n l& >(nci8n .($ c(*)l$n#$ l$# /$n,*in& /$ c,n+'&cci8n? &'+ic(l&ci8n? c,n#+'(cci8n $F)&n#i8n 0&i#l&*i$n+,4 S$g;n l& >,'*&? #$ l$# /$n,*in&? '$c+? *&c6i*9'&/ 0&c&n&l&/3.3.1 JUNTAS DE CONTRACCIN S(,91$+iv,$#in/(ci' $n>,'*&,'/$n&/&l&(9ic&ci8n/$l &g'i$+&*i$n+,/$l)&vi*$n+, c&(#&/& ),' l& c,n+'&cci8n I'$+'&cci8nJ ),' #$c&/, 0N, ),' +$*)$'&+('&/$l c,nc'$+,4 S$$*)l$&)&'&'$/(ci'l&+$n#i8nc&(#&/&),'l&c('v&+('&0$l&l&9$, /$ l,# L,# )&/,'$# #$ )($/$n (#&' $n l 1(n+ /$ c,n+'&cci8n )&'&l& +'&n#>$'$nci& /$ c&'g? 9&1, ci$'+ c,n/ici,n$#4 Sin $*9&'g,? #$ $#)$'& .($l& +'&n#>$'$nci& /$ c&'g #$ l,g'$ *$/i&n+$ l& +'&9&58n $n+'$ l,# &g'$g&/,#43.3.2 JUNTAS DE CONSTRUCCIN L 1(n+ /$ c,n#+'(cci8n #$)&'&n c,n#+'(cci,n$# c,n+ig( c,l,c&/ $n/i>$'$n+$#*,*$n+,#? +&l$#c,*,l&c,l,c&ci8n&l >in&l /$l /-&,$n+'$>&1/$)&vi*$n+&ci8n4 L& +'&n#>$'$nci& /$ c&'g #$ l,g'& *$/i&n+$ $l $*)l$, /$)&/,'$#4 P($/$n #$' +'&n#v$'#&l$# , l,ngi+(/in&l$#43.3.3 JUNTAS DE E9PANSIN O AISLACIN S$ (#&n )&'& &i#l&' )&vi*$n+,# .($ #$ in+$'c$)+&n c,n l& >in&li/&/ /$ /i#*in(i' l,#$#>($'5,# /$c,*)'$#i8n$n3#+,#? c(&n/,#$$F)&n/$n),' $l &(*$n+,/$+$*)$'&+('&4 T&*9i3n #$ (+ili5&n )&'& &i#l&' $#+'(c+(' $Fi#+$n+$#4FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toro3.4 SELLOSL& >(nci8n )'inci)&l /$ (n #$ll&/,' /$ 1(n+ $#*ini*i5&' l&in>il+'&ci8n/$&g(&&l&$#+'(c+('&/$l)&vi*$n+, 0 $vi+&' l& in+'(#i8n /$ *&+$'i&l$#inc,*)'$#i9l$# /$n+', /$ l 1(n+ .($ )($/$n c&(#&'l& ',+('& /$ 3#+ I/$#cc&'&*i$n+,#J4 En l& #$l$cci8n /$l #$ll, #$ /$9$ c,n#i/$'&' #( vi/& ;+il $#)$'&/&? $l +i), #$ #$ll,?+i), /$ 1(n+&? /&+,# cli*7+ic,# 0 $l c,#+, /$ c,n+',l /$ +'7n#i+, $n c&/& &)lic&ci8n/$l #$ll,? $n+,/,$l )$'-,/,$c,n8*ic,/$&n7li#i#4 El +i),/$1(n+&$#*(0in>l(0$n+$$nl$l$cci8n/$l *&+$'i&l /$#$ll,4 L(n+l,ngi+(/in&l$#$n+'$)i#+ , $n l& (ni8n 9$'*&-l,#& n, g$n$'&n l *i#* +$n#i,n$# #,9'$ $l #$ll,.($ $1$'c$n l 1(n+ +'&n#v$'#&l$#? /$9i/, & .($ #(# *,vi*i$n+,# #,nc,n#i/$'&9l$*$n+$ *$n,'$#4 S$ ),/'-& ,)+i*i5&' $n,'*$*$n+$ $l c,#+, /$l)',0$c+, c,n#i/$'&n/, $#+, $n l& #$l$cci8n /$l#$ll,4 T,/, *&+$'i&l/$ #$ll,# /$1(n+ /$ )&vi*$n+,# /$ c,nc'$+,? /$9$n c(*)li' c,n l #ig(i$n+$#c&'&c+$'-#+ic@ : I-p#-a8&+&.a. : D%!#-a8&+&.a. : R)&+&('&a : A.6#('&a : R)&)*('&a : E)*a8+ : D,#a8+ Fin&l*$n+$? $l #$ll&/, #$ 6&'7 &n+$# /$ l& $n+'$g& &l +'7n#i+, 0 )'$vi& li*)i$5& /$l& 1(n+&? c,n l& >in&li/&/ /$ $g('&' (n #$'vici, & l&'g, )l&5, /$l#$ll&/,'4 L,##ig(i$n+$# )(n+,# #,n $#$nci&l$# )&'& l +&'$ /$ #$ll&/,@ LIn*$/i&+&*$n+$&n+$#/$#$ll&'?#$/$9$nli*)i&'l(n+$n>,'*& in+$g'&l)&'& li9'&'l /$ +,/, '$#+, /$ l$c6&/& /$ c$*$n+,? c,*)($#+, /$ c('&/, 0 /$*7#*&+$'i&l$# $F+'&%,#4 L P&'+& li*)i&' l& 1(n+&? #$ )($/$ (#&' &'$n&/,? c$)ill, /$ &l&*9'$? c6,'', /$ &g(&,&lg(n&c,*9in&ci8n/$$#+$''&*i$n+ Lc&'/$l&1(n+$)($/$ni*)'i*&' in*$/i&+&*$n+$ /$#)(3# /$ l& li*)i$5&4 FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toroL E#n$c$#&'i,(#&' $l #,)l&/,c,n&i'$c,*,),>in&l /$ l& li*)i$5&4 4. VARIABLES DE DISE7O4.1 VARIABLES DE TIEMPO S$ c,n#i/$'&n /,# v&'i&9l$#@ )$'-,/, /$ &n7li#i# 0 vi/&;+il /$l )&vi*$n+,4 L& vi/& ;+il #$ '$>i$'$ &l +i$*), +'&n#c(''i/, $n+'$ l& )($#+& $n,)$'&ci8n /$l c&*in, 0 $l *,*$n+, $n $l .($ $l )&vi*$n+, '$.(i$'& '$6&9ili+&'#$?$# /$ci'? c(&n/, 3#+$ &lc&n5& (n g'&/, /$ #$'vici&9ili/&/ *-ni*,4 El )$'-,/, /$&n7li#i# #$ '$>i$'$ &l )$'-,/, /$ +i$*), )&'& $l c(&l v& & #$' c,n/(ci/, $l &n7li#i#?$# /$ci'? $l +i$*), .($ )($/$ #$' c(9i$'+, ),' c(&l.(i$' $#+'&+$gi& /$ /i#$%,4 P&'&$l c, $n $l .($ n, #$ c,n#i/$'$ '$6&9ili+&ci,n$#? $l )$'-,/, /$ &n7li#i# $# ig(&l&l )$'-,/, /$ vi/& ;+ilG )$', #i #$ c,n#i/$'& (n& )l&ni>ic&ci8n ),' $+&)? $# /$ci'?(n& $#+'(c+('& /$ )&vi*$n+, #$g(i/& ),' (n& , *7# ,)$'&ci,n$# /$ '$6&9ili+&ci8n?$l )$'-,/, /$ &n7li#i# c,*)'$n/$ v&'i,# )$'-,/,# /$ vi/& ;+il? $l /$l )&vi*$n+, 0 $l/$ l,# /i#+in+,# '$>($'5,#4 P&'&$>$c+,#/$/i#$%,#$c,n#i/$'&$l )$'-,/,/$vi/&;+il? *i$n+'.($$l)$'-,/, /$ &n7li#i# #$ (+ili5& )&'& l& c,*)&'&ci8n /$ &l+$'n&+iv /$ /i#$%,? $#/$ci'? )&'& $l &n7li#i# $c,n8*ic, /$l )',0$c+,4 L,# )$'-,/,# /$ &n7li#i#'$c,*$n/&/,# #,n *,#+'&/,# $n l& +&9l& !4!4FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toro4.2 TR;NSITO En$l *3+,/, AAS$'$n+$#+$n#i,n$# 0 /$>,'*&ci,n$# $n $l )&vi*$n+,? l, c(&l ,'igin& /i#+in+ >&ll $n 3#+$4P&'& +$n$'$n c($n+& $#+&/i>$'$nci&? $l +'7n#i+, #$+'&n#>,'*& &(n n;*$', /$c&'g ),' $1$ #i*)l$ $.(iv&l$n+$ /$ !C 2i)# IC 2NJ 8 ESAL IE.(iv&l$n+ Singl$AFl$L,&/J? /$+&l *&n$'&.($$l $>$c+,/&%in,/$c(&l.(i$' $1$)($/$''$)'$#$n+&/, ),' (n n;*$', /$ c&'g ),' $1$ #i*)l$4 L&in>,'*&ci8n/$+'7>ic,'$.($'i/&),'l&$c(&ci8n/$/i#$%,(+ili5&/,$n$#+$*3+,/, #,n@ c&'g ),' $1$? c,n>ig('&ci8n /$ $1$# 0 n;*$', /$ &)lic&ci,n$#4 P&'& l& $#+i*&ci8n /$ l,# $1$# #i*)l$# $.(iv&l$n+$# IESAL#J? #$ /$9$ +$n$' $nc($n+& l,# #ig(i$n+$# c,nc$)+,#@ a0 &c+,' c&*i8n .($ $# /$>ini/, c,*, $l n;*$', /$ ESAL# ),'v$6-c(l,4 El >&c+,' c&*i8n? )($/$ #$' c,*)(+&/, )&'& c&/& cli>ic&ci8n g$n$'&l /$c&*i,n$#,)&'&+,/,#l,#v$6-c(l,#c,*$'ci&l$#c,*,(n)',*$/i,)&'&(n&c,n>ig('&ci8n/&/&/$+'7n#i+,? )$',$#*7#$F&c+,c,n#i/$'&'>&c+,'$#c&*i8n)&'& c&/& cli>ic&ci8n g$n$'&l /$ c&*i,n$#45. &c+,'$# #,n n$c$#&'i,# )&'& )'$/$ci' (n c,*),'+&*i$n+, c,n>i&9l$ /$ l&$#+'(c+('& /$l)&vi*$n+, 0 $vi+&' .($ $l/&%, /$l)&vi*$n+, &lc&nc$ $lniv$l/$c,l&)#, /('&n+$ #( vi/& $n #$'vici,4 L& $c(&ci8n >(n/&*$n+&l AASi&9ili/&/ R4 SA O D$#v-, $#+7n/&' /$ +,/ l v&'i&9l$#4 D O E#)$#,' /$ l& l,#& /$l )&vi*$n+, $n )(lg4 BPSI O P3'/i/& /$ #$'vici&9ili/&/ )'$vi#+& $n $l /i#$%,4P*O S$'vici&9ili/&/ >in&l4 SC' O M8/(l, /$ ',+('& /$l c,nc'$+, $n M)&4 J O C,$>ici$n+$ /$ +'&n#>$'$nci& /$ c&'g&4 C. O C,$>ici$n+$ /$ /'$n&1$4 EC O M8/(l, /$ $l+ici/&/ /$l c,nc'$+,? $n M)&4 D O M8/(l, /$ '$&cci8n /$ l& #(9'&n+$ $n M)&N*5.1 CONi&9ili/&/ $# l& )',9&9ili/&/ /$ .($ $l )&vi*$n+, #$ c,*),'+$#&+i#>&c+,'i&*$n+$ /('&n+$ #( vi/& ;+il , )$'-,/, /$ /i#$%,? '$#i#+i$n/, lc,n/ici,n$# /$ +'7>ic, 0 *$/i, &*9i$n+$ /$n+', /$ /ic6, )$'-,/,4 C&9$ '$#&l+&'?.($c(&n/,6&9l&*,# /$l c,*),'+&*i$n+, /$l )&vi*$n+,n,# '$>$'i*,# &l&c&)&ci/&/ $#+'(c+('&l 0 >(nci,n&l /$ 3#+$? $# /$ci'? & l& c&)&ci/&/ /$ #,),'+&' lc&'gi*)($#+),'$l +'7n#i+,? 0i*i#*,/$9'in/&'#$g('i/&/0c,n>,'+ &l(#(&'i, /('&n+$ $l )$'-,/, )&'& $l c(&l >($ /i#$%&/,4 P,' l, +&n+,? l& c,n>i&9ili/&/$#+& ,ci&/& & l& &)&'ici8n /$ >&ll $n $l )&vi*$n+,4FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toroE# ),' $#+, .($ #$ n$c$#&'i, (n& v&'i&9l$ IS D$#vi&ci8n E#+7n/&'J .($ &c,+$ l& v&'i&9ili/&/ /$+,/,# 3#+,# >&c+,'$# /$n+', /$ (n,# l-*i+$#)$'*i#i9l$#? c,n $l >in /$ $g('&' .($ l& $#+'(c+('& /$l)&vi*$n+, #$ c,*),'+$ &/$c(&/&*$n+$ /('&n+$ #()$'-,/, /$ /i#$%,4 L& /$#vi&ci8n $#+7n/&' $# l& /$#vi&ci8n /$ l& ),9l&ci8n /$ v&l,'$# ,9+$ni/,# ),' AASi&9ili/&/ $# &l+,? 0& .($ (n #(9/i*$n#i,n&*i$n+, /$l $#)$#,' /$l )&vi*$n+, +'&$'7 c,*, c,n#$c($nci& .($ 3#+$ &lc&nc$ l,# niv$l$# *-ni*,# /$ #$'vici&9ili/&/ &n+$# /$ l, )'$vi#+,? /$9i/, &l '7)i/, /$+$'i,', .($ $F)$'i*$n+&'7 l&$#+'(c+('&4 En l& +&9l& !4" #$ /&n niv$l$# /$ c,n>i&9ili/&/ &c,n#$1&/,# ),' l& AAS(nci,n&lJ? c(&n/, 3#+$ ci'c(l& ),' l& vi&li/&/4 T&*9i3n #$'$l&ci,n& c,n l c&'&c+$'-#+ic >-#ic .($ )($/$ )'$#$n+&' $l )&vi*$n+, c,*,g'i$+? >&ll? )$l&/('? $+c? .($ ),/'-&n &>$c+&' l& c&)&ci/&/ /$ #,),'+$ /$ l&$#+'(c+('& Ic,*),'+&*i$n+, $#+'(c+('&lJ4 El c,nc$)+,/$#$'vici&9ili/&/$#+79&/,$ncinc,)$c+,# >(n/&*$n+&l$#'$#(*i/,# c,*, #ig($@ !4 L c&''$+$' $#+7n 6$c6 )&'& $l c,n>,'+ 0 c,nv$ni$nci& /$l );9lic, (#(&'i,4 24 El c,n>,'+? , c&li/&/ /$ l& +'&n#i+&9ili/&/? $# *&+$'i& /$ (n& '$#)($#+& #(91$+iv&/$ l& ,)ini8n /$l (#(&'i,4 "4 L& #$'vici&9ili/&/ )($/$ #$' $F)'$#&/& ),' *$/i, /$ l& c&li>ic&ci8n 6$c6& ),'l,# (#(&'i,# /$ l& c&''$+$'& 0 #$ /$n,*in& l& c&li>ic&ci8n /$ l& #$'vici&9ili/&/4 K4 EFi#+$n c&'&c+$'-#+ic >-#ic /$ (n )&vi*$n+, .($ )($/$n #$' *$/i/,91$+iv&*$n+$0.($)($/$n'$l&ci,n&'#$&l$v&l(&ci,n$##(91$+iv E#+$)',c$/i*i$n+, )',/(c$ (n -n/ic$ /$ #$'vici&vili/&/ ,91$+iv,4 E4 El c,*),'+&*i$n+, )($/$ '$)'$#$n+&'#$ ),' l& 6i#+,'i& /$ l& #$'vici&9ili/&/ /$l )&vi*$n+,4 C(&n/, $l c,n/(c+,' ci'c(l& ),' )'i*$'& v$5 , $n '$)$+i/ ,ci,n$##,9'$ (n& vi&li/&/? $F)$'i*$n+& l& #$n#&ci8n /$ #$g('i/&/ , in#$g('i/&//$)$n/i$n/, /$ l, .($ v$ 0 /$l g'&/, /$ /i>ic(l+&/ )&'& c,n+',l&' $l v$6-c(l,4 El)'inci)&l >&c+,' ,ci&/, & l& #$g('i/&/ 0 c,*,/i/&/ /$l (#(&'i, $# l& c&li/&/ /$',/&*i$n+, .($ /$)$n/$ /$ l& '$g(l&'i/&/ , '(g,#i/&/ #()$'>ici&l4 /$l )&vi*$n+,4L& v&l,'&ci8n /$ $#+$ )&'7*$+', /$>in$ $lc,nc$)+, /$ n/ic$ /$ S$'vici&9ili/&/P'$#$n+$ IPSI? ),' #(# #igl $n ingl$#J4 El PSI c&li>ic& & l& #()$'>ici$ /$l)&vi*$n+, /$ &c($'/, & (n& $#c&l& /$ v&l,'$# /$& E4 Cl&', $#+7? .($ #i $l (#(&'i, ,9#$'v& &g'i$+&*i$n+,# , /$+$'i,',# #,9'$ l()$'>ici$ /$l c&*in, &;n #in &)'$ci&' /$>,'*&ci,n$#? l& cli>ic&ci8n /$c'$c$4 El /i#$%, $#+'(c+('&l 9&/, $n l& #$'vici&9ili/&/? c,n#i/$'& n$c$#&'i, /$+$'*in&'$l -n/ic$ /$ #$'vici&9ili/&/ inici&l IPJ 0 $l -n/ic$ /$ #$'vici&9ili/&/ >in&l IP+J? )&'& FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el torol& vi/& ;+il , /$ /i#$%, /$l )&vi*$n+,4 a0 (.&' . )#5&'&a8&+&.a. &(&'&a+ /PA0 El -n/ic$ /$ #$'vici&9ili/&/ inici&l IPJ #$ $#+&9l$c$ c,*, l& c,n/ici8n ,'igin&l /$l )&vi*$n+, in*$/i&+&*$n+$ /$#)(3# /$ #( c,n#+'(cci8n , '$6&9ili+&ci8n4 AASin&l IP+J? ,c(''$ c(&n/, l& #()$'>ici$ /$l )&vi*$n+, 0&n, c(*)l$ c,n l $F)$c+&+iv /$ c,*,/i/&/ 0 #$g('i/&/ $Figi/ ),' $l (#(&'i,4 D$)$n/i$n/, /$ l& i*),'+&nci& /$ l& vi&li/&/? )($/$n c,n#i/$'&'#$ l,# v&l,'$# P+in/ic&/,# $n l& +&9l& !4K4L&)3'/i/&/$#$'vici&9ili/&/#$/$>in$c,*,l&/i>$'$nci&$n+'$$l -n/ic$/$#$'vici, inici&l 0 +$'*in&l45.3.2 PROPIEDADES DE LOS MATERIALES 5.3.2.1 MDULO DE REACCIN DE LA SUBRASANTE /D0 E#+$ >&c+,' n,# /& i/$& /$ c(7n+, #$ i$n+& l& #(9'&n+$ c(&n/, #$ l$ &)lic& (n$#>($'5, /$ c,*)'$#i8n4 N(*3'ic&*$n+$? $# ig(&l & l& c&'g& $n li9' ),' )(lg&/&c(&/'&/& #,9'$ (n 7'$& /$ c&'g&? /ivi/i/, ),' l& /$>l$Fi8n $n )(lg&/ )&'& $#&c&'g&4L,#v&l,'$#/$2 #,n$F)'$#&/,#c,*,li9'),')(lg&/& c(&/'&/& ),')(lg&/& I)ciJ4 FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toroP($#+, .($ l& )'($9& /$ c&'g& #,9'$ )l&c&? '$.(i$'$+i$*), 0 $# c,#+,#&? $l v&l,' /$ 2 $# $#+i*&/,g$n$'&l*$n+$ ),' c,''$l&ci8n c,n ,+',# $n#&0,##i*)l$#? +&l c,*, l& '&58n /$ #,),'+$ c&li>,'ni& IC:RJ,l)'($9/$v&l,'$#R4 El '$#(l+&/,$#v7li/,),'.($ n, #$ '$.(i$'$ l& /$+$'*in&ci8n $F&c+& /$lv&l,' 2G l v&'i&ci,n$# n,'*&l$# )&'& (n v&l,'$#+i*&/, n, &>$c+&'7n &)'$ci&9l$*$n+$ l,# '$.($'i*i$n+,# /$ $#)$#,'$# /$l)&vi*$n+,4 L '$l&ci,n$# /$ l& >ig('& !4!" #,n #&+i#>&c+,'i )&'& )',)8#i+,# /$/i#$%,45.3.2.2 MDULO DE ROTURA DEL CONCRETO E#(n)&'7*$+',*(0i*),'+&n+$c,*,v&'i&9l$/$$n+'&/&)&'&$l /i#$%,/$)&vi*$n+,# '-gi/,#? 0& .($ v& & c,n+',l&' $l &g'i$+&*i$n+, ),' >&+ig& /$l)&vi*$n+,? ,'igin&/, ),' l c&'g '$)$+i+iv /$ c&*i,n$#4 S$ l$ c,n,c$ +&*9i3nc,*, '$#i#+$nci& & l& +'&cci8n /$l c,nc'$+, ),' >l$Fi8n4 FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toroEl *8/(l, /$ ',+('& '$.($'i/, ),' $l )',c$/i*i$n+, /$/i#$%, $# $l v&l,' *$/i, /$+$'*in&/, /$#)(3# /$ 2C /- (+ili5&n/, $l$n#&0,/$ c&'g& $n l,# +$'ci,#4 D$ $#+& *&n$'&? #$ ,9+i$n$ $n$l +$'ci, *$/i, (n& 5,n& #,*$+i/& & (n *,*$n+,>l$c+,' c,n#+&n+$ ig(&l& PLN" 0 l& ',+('& #$ )',/(ci'7$n c(&l.(i$' )(n+, /$ $#+$ +$'ci, *$/i, c,n l& ;nic&c,n/ici8n.($$Fi#+&&ll- (n&/$9ili/&/4 E#+$$n#&0,$#'$c,*$n/&9l$>'$n+$&l$n#&0, /$ c&'g& $n $l )(n+, *$/i,? $n $l c(7l l& ',+('& #$ )',/(ci'7in/$>$c+i9l$*$n+$$n/ic6,)(n+,I)(n+,/$&)lic&ci8n/$l&c&'g&J /,n/$$l*,*$n+, >l$c+,' $# *7Fi*,4 El *8/(l,/$',+('&+&*9i3n#$)($/$/$+$'*in&' &+'&v3#/$l#ig(i$n+$#c,''$l&ci,n$#@ !4 E#+i*&ci8n & +'&v3# /$ l& '$#i#+$nci& & c,*)'$#i8n /$l c,nc'$+,4 5.3.2.3 MDULO DE ELASTICIDAD DEL CONCRETO E# (n )&'7*$+', .($ in/ic& l& 'igi/$5 0 l& c&)&ci/&/ /$ /i#+'i9(i' c&'g .($ +i$n$(n&l,#&/$)&vi*$n+,4 E#l&'$l&ci8n$n+'$l&+$n#i8n0l&/$>,'*&ci8n4 L/$>l$Fi,n$#? c('v&+(' 0 +$n#i,n$# $#+7n /i'$c+&*$n+$ '$l&ci,n&/ c,n $l*8/(l, /$ $l+ici/&/ /$l c,nc'$+,4 En l,# )&vi*$n+,# /$ c,nc'$+, &'*&/,c,n+in(,? $l *8/(l, /$ $l+ici/&/ 1(n+, c,n $l c,$>ici$n+$ /$ $F)&n#i8n +3'*ic& 0$l /$c,n+'&cci8n/$l c,nc'$+,? #,nl,#.($'ig$n$l $#+&/,/$+$n#i,n$#$nl&&'*&/('&4 FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVILPAVIMENTOSIX SEMESTREToluviejo -el toro5.4 CARACTERSTICAS ESTRUCTURALES 5.4.1 DRENAJE El )',c$#, *$/i&n+$ $l c(&l $l &g(& /$ in>il+'&ci8n #()$'>ici&l , &g(& /$ >il+'&ci8n #(9+$''7n$& $# '$*,vi/& /$ l,# #($l,# 0 ',c ),' *$/i,# n&+('&l$# , &'+i>ici&l$#?#$ ll&*& /'$n&1$4 El /'$n&1$ $# (n, /$ l,# >&c+,'$# *7# i*),'+&n+$# $n $l /i#$%,/$ )&vi*$n+,#4 El &g(& $# $l c&(#&n+$ )'inci)&l /$l /$+$'i,', /$ l& $#+'(c+('& /$l)&vi*$n+,? ),'.($ ,'igin& *(c6,# $>$c+,# /$v+&/,'$# $n 3lG #i$n/, $l )$,'? l&)3'/i/& /$ #,),'+$ /$l )&vi*$n+,4 P&'& *ini*i5&' l,# $>$c+,# /$l &g(& #,9'$ l,#)&vi*$n+,# #$ /$9$@ L P'$v$ni' $l ing'$#, /$l &g(& &l )&vi*$n+, I/'$n&1$ #()$'>ici&lJ4 L P',v$$' /$ (n /'$n&1$ )&'& '$*,v$' $l &g(& '7)i/&*$n+$ I/'$n&1$ #(9+$''7n$,J4 L C,n#+'(i' (n )&vi*$n+, #(>ici$n+$*$n+$ >($'+$ )&'& '$#i#+i' $l $>$c+, c,*9in&/,/$ c&'g& 0 &g(&4L& +&9l& )',),'ci,n& l,# v&l,'$# '$c,*$n/&/,# ),' l& AAS