"métodos oficiales para el análisis de los vinos" por el servicio de publicaciones agrícolas 1934

8/2/2019 "Mtodos Oficiales para el Anlisis de los Vinos" por el Servicio de Publicaciones Agrcolas 1934

1/87

O K E K S ^ u X K A N@ DIXKCPM^PXDNkx`ccke Iè`xdm n` Dixkcpm~pxd

O~anas agkckdm`szdxd `m

Demksks n` mas Wkeastp` fde n` sìpkxs` zax ~anas mas mdhaxd~axkasn`zènkè~`s n`m Okeks~`xka n` Dixkcpm~pxdDzxah3nas zax X`dm axnè n` 4> n` bpmka n` 4;43

;-/ @NKCKAE

$]2 - )%

= u S@XWKCKA N@ ZPHMKCDCKAE@S DIXgCAMDS

4 ; 3 >


2/87

Demksks n% mas Wkeas

- /


3/87

O K E K S ^ u X K A N@ DIXKCPM^PXDNkx`ccke Iè`xdm n` Dixkcpm~pxd

O~anas agkckdm`szdxd `m

Demksks n` mas Wkeastp` fde n` sìpkxs` zax ~anas mas mdhaxd~axkas

n`zènkè~`s n`m Okeks~`xka n` DixkcpmgpxdD z x a h u n a s zax X`dm axnè n` 4> n % bm%mmka n` ~ ;43

3% @A K` KAE

S@XWKCKA N@ ZPHMKCDCKAE@S DIXKCAMDS4 ; 3 >


4/87

u | m B K P M B - & + - / K ) d s m ~ % k ) p` ] )-nn-ckmm(% 8- Oennn / ^`mgapa >4789%


5/87

DNW@X^@ECB-D

@e dhxP )=m`m B+x`6`N~` %dgka ~p%wam4midx è /ped%CAg~~`xènd ke~`xedckaedm- tp`%/~xd~ n` md %pekgkcdckmm u )mas o ` ~ a n a s % n ` % u PSks n` mas w4eas-d md tp` %p4s~k`xae N`4ìdna` /n` '


6/87

// ( ?mas woas% = ~ ] m ( ( u ~p-Fde -)4] WK(-+x epx X( A n m> n` bpmka n-) 4;43- CK+Kmmd sdmw`ndn nx/ ma `BCZpm-t~mmmmm~(m)4]%m$4eèlDskoksoa- n s`xwkcxa n` Zph%~cdcxaxp/s Diewaxds fdc` sdh`x T]K=)-

è gaxod n` Dzenkc`- -s` spo%k %m `s~d `nkcke u Kegaxo` iè`xdmn` md Dsdohm`d e~`xedcaed n` Z`xk~as zdxd n `v~pnma n` md pekgkcdcke n` O~anas n` Demksks n` mas wkeas- c`m`hxdna c)e Xaod f -nds ;- 4: [ 44 n` dhxk m n g 4;3>

%%%% K ~ )- m ) m %%%%4 u - % %) < (

)/(

)-((- $K)%)- ) 4 - ) ( m)

--( ] ) %/]

)]%u %- -

)% -% ) { ) b %

- ) % u -)-- % %4/ - )

/-kB - %

%~2

)-4)

-%%)-4

%%%%

)% - 4-)4 )m%$2


7/87

-A2)

- x ) %%

2

)4%% -

X ` d m -: x n ` e

(


8/87

?6?nds Tp` xèè mas ed~pxdm`s n` cdnd caodxcd { m Ko~`s è~x` mastp` zp`nè ascPdx sps x`sz`c~kwas caozaeè~`s%

8%) Tp` `s n` e```sndn gkbdx mas o~anas zdxd md n`~`xokedcken` mds dm~`xdckae`s- dsk caoa n` mds dnpm~`xdckae`s { gd%4SkgmCdc4Te`sn` tp` zp`nè s`x ahb`~a mas %%oAm- è cpde~a s` x`gm`x` d sp caespoa { cao`xcka Ke~`xkax< {3%) Tp` Skèna Z+Szdg~d pe )ZmS `vB+Ax~dnax n`hè ~`Kmkmk%s` ècpè~d- è mas wkeas % ) s` dopcè zKKK)d sp `vzax~dcke% mas )o/

~anas tp` zdxd `m demss n` mas oksoas { n`~`xokedcke n` spsdnpm~`xdckae`s s` s4pè ag~c4d4oè~` è% mds zxkeckzdm`%s edckae`s tp`K~x ~ u Zd~d mD x`knhcme n` 4:44 nas zx~o`xas zpe~As md ac2khkmd4ko) zxa

%% Bd. g O ~ g ~ k u %%- u A tp` `vzae` àe `4 u h m n a c~`~d4m`-u f n a d `hc" md n`~èe~ed`ke) n`m `v~xdc~a s`ca zax `m Zxa`)`n4/B~4K`fa n` ` % u k 7 e d 4::- zx md xdre n` tp` sp w'mx bpìd%4444 u ~ z d u m è n`k`mokednds x`mdckae`s tp` s` d%zmkcde è/%xk>%s e)dCBAe`6 d eP`S~xas cd4n:7- { caewkè`- ècaes`cpè`d- zan`xQLkx d% ~B2~d%x z3kd- ep`%s~xakB woas mAs mkok~`s x g u x e ~ ` s d% nkCf)ds x Bdcm&+~k`s%

Zdxd `m ~`xc`x zpe~` zxazae` tp` mas mdhaxd~%axkad d4'de è ma za/dgkmK` mas o~ans :cmdm`6 ' mN7 zdks`s x`sz`c~kwas- d c u `g`c~a e/nh%e kmd dc~Ndm- dgkdn4èna% tp`- è dè`xdm- 2mas zxac`nkke4è~as%tk` dCCmZm`b%n`hè /d`mp~xs` ea zp`nè caedknèxd` àoaZ`xodeè~`% %- nfkpwTs- skea TP`% n`hè tp`ndx spb`~ad d zèn4`dd x`wKskae`s- zdxd mBk~xanpCkx è `mmas mds oankgkcdcKae`s Tp` mdd c4x`mk~dec46d %-% mas B+e+Kx`das d e d m 4 u zp`nde dcads`bdx - p k caoa% ~ l u e ~ipdBkzè~` u N ` x m ` è) cpè~d ~ds wdx4dCkAN`%m tp` è spsm)ZC~mWT6 o~mA)ns n`< d%e7W6kmm `m` [keCmS zp`nde -kekxITpckx mPC`H4 oè~` mas ~z'4s`smozAx~dnax`s ep`s~xas cdmnas%

zmme'pmè K6s de~`xkAx`s c a e s 4 n ` x d ` k a e ` s u - (gkd~a `m gdwaxdhm`se~e` òk~kna zax md Bpe~d CAespm~kwd DCxaeom`d dm ~xdhdBa n`- u ` x ` e c k d % S% Kxg% `m e`- &t% N m %+ m ` h' d`xwkna nkszae`xs` dz~T`hè mdB cP%%%% % %%%%%% % % n`%deke%) n` woas gaxopmdnas ZKY Q % - u n`% - / Dzae~BmNkcp n`m Ked~k~p~a) DHxkCAmd n` DPANKA VKK {% u u - )X6p - )W4PdKxdecd %n`m ZdNdn~s- >p` n`cmdxde

% B' K % 2 u u K ~ a x ~ a s %zdxd ~anas 4:6 maxd~anas mKKm4àmds n`zè/- Qè~`s >` u m ~ k ' ` g ~ a - % { tp` %s` zphmktpè è md I6c`~I n`) ~xQ/


9/87

%-% ) % `è~~xmpdnm)4 n~)$) `6kd% Xk`d} axnè% zkKx k u u m 4 4 n ` g ~ ~ a n` %p`/mmCm6 d tpkè`s zp`nd ke~`x`sdx%

N`H`dK a~nè ma >KI) %[ 2 m% K"xd ok u e ~ % - % )n`g~^h `~`c%%%%% Nkas ipdxn` d W% m% BKmp~$gmcmx dKlm6< Bmmd~KxO- 4> gYk&~ n` PN%ImKHs`m%/Sx% Nkx`c~ax m`mm`xdm T` Dmxkcpm~pxd% O4eds { Oae~`s%

O7~aKKa% agkckdm%% zdx%%%%%%%K% % % -n % mad%wkeas- t p d s %ndcmdx%e dhPid~axmas z d x d ~dcOs 4:4 mdhaxd~axkas n%%zènmè~ds `m`% KKKNhxma n` Dixkcpm~pxd%Kes~xpcckae`s zdxd md ~aod n` op`s~xds%

@e md x`caiknd n` op`s~xds n` wkea)%/` Bkmdz ` m z` xoed m u m c adixaeokca- è md osod zxaZk`ndn- zdxd md u e % depdm n`Kd cdxd`~`xms~k`d { caozaskcke n` mas wkeas n` mds nkg`xè~`s Kacd~ndn`s caozxènknds nè~xa n` md `s~`xd n` dccke n` cdnd% @s~dhm`coè~a n`h`xe ~è`xs` è cpè~d mds os~xpccae`s `~dp~è~m`'2

d+ Mds op`s~xds n`hè x`g`xkxs` d 4:7 nms~me~Id ~4BVm0 nk` tp`)è cdnd macdm4ndn% s` `mdhaxè- hè zmmm md ` m ` u B K O + ) kNYkax- 4d4èzdxd md `vzax~dcke%

h+ Mds op`s~xds n`h`xe s`x ~aodnds n` tp` `f 4: za dmhm` x`zx`sè~è è sp caozaskcke% os tp` `m ~ kza BN`nma- mad cd/sas `v~xòas% > > ( ) uad%ndBmm%pdQ Q %nKK% % %x2%% % % u % ` T K K m a BmnNK%emA &S1 C+% & g m ~ u ))% % K ~%% 4%6KKKhd~K~NKKd)n% % % % % % % )%%%%%%%%%% - % m u ` ~ 4NeNgO )42 (% % % % % % % % 4 % % % % cae ) ) ) ) + K h > K m K 2 d / `kmg~KEdnn`m )[Oa% % g - g 4 } k % u u ]%)2s g=)m k KK{ d e n` mmèdxs`% (

=Za %%`+ CAN[ènx) tp`- %zK~xd/%CK'kK% op`s~xd- s` u ` g ~ h x smKpmò%% u ! & + -m% nd~as2 4 m m ] uE d 4 m d x d ~ u n`m e`h@ndn- sk~pdcke { ` v %%%`nmN%Wdxk`ndn`s n` wkn cp{%ds pwds fd{de è~xdna O )+ md ` u m e

n`m oas~a { sp zxazaxcke dzxavkodnd%Cpm~mwa- dxodna { zand n` md c`zd%AAenmckae`s cmmod~amimcds- `6BKmKK((`N~~ %%%%%~` 4" ) Y ` u ( %@s~dnT n` odnpx`r {% sdkmnmmm/)n`B )mk4kka%Nd~aa n` u ) u M


10/87

? 4 - : ? )Caxx`cckae`s tp` s` fd{o `g`c~pdna è mas oas~as n` tp` z x ; % u ` - x

nde md s op`s~xds% %-%4 %2 ( - ) 4Zxac`nkokè~a n` wecdce {- ~xd~dokè~as tp` s` fd{de `-g`c

~pdna è as wkeas fds~d `m oaoè~a n ` - md x`caind n` mds op`s/~xds% % )%

N`~`xokedckae`s tp` fd{ tp` `g`c~pdx%

% ]% % ) ~

(2( ) -

% %% )%-

/ %2 +

%)%)

- ~ ke)2 m:3d%eK4Psks n` md s opsgxds c | u ` s` u c a b d e - cae `m ahk~a ) n k m m d ~ u c:7:c`x md caozaskCme)


11/87

)(

% K

$- ) -

~

MZ~D)B%{ mas cmCP-mA a n`~`xoedcae`sbepoxcds { encdnds t p d % - u

bpripè e`c`sdxkds zdxd gaxodxs`/ caec`z~a n` Kdd%x`dc~ae`s `vks~è %%%~`s è~x` mas nx`xè~`s %caozaeè~`s %ew`s~idnas- n`~`xokedena sk`s~e caozxènknas nè~xa n` mT$k m f e B % ~ u s % a ~ ` e 4 n a u è )`m % ` s ~ p n u )nk


12/87

%

? % ~ u /Cmaxpxas%Gasgd~as%Cahx`%Od~`x~ds oke`xdm`s nkw`xsds%Ek~xd~as%Sps~d%42Ymd6 /caes`xwdnaxds %%%/ % %: 4K'm4cPlA% u 4 T m m K d hèrakca- 44::/

xpxas- haxd~as- `~è-Sdcdxasd%6 m K ' e c 4 d m ` k n d m ug~a$P%s n` n u 4 p{-~acSdK dtp`mmds Tp`mas mm`SPm~dnas tp` 4666 ah~mèkenad` daae/s`Bè- n`hkèna `g`c~pdxs`- dnòs- cpdena s` Bpip` caewèkè~`% `m`vdoè zamdxo~xà { `m ocxascz~ca%N`sn` mpìa tp` è mas demksks tp` s` mmm)dc~ktpè è }T. wkeAS n`s

~kednas d% md% `vzax~dce n`h`xe ~è`xs` è cpè~d mds n`~`xoked/nae`s { cmcpmas tp` s` `vkbde è 4:7 zdks`s x`sz`c~kwas%

@vdoè zx`wka%Zx`zdxdcke n` gd op`s~xd%/De~`s n` zxac`n`x dm dePs4s tpmokca

% : : ~è`x mpidx `-m `vdoè axideamz~à n` md oPhS~xd n` wKea (zx`sè~dnd è `m mdhaxd~axkA%

64 `m wkea `s ~pxhka- s` 4 e md% cdpsd% n`m è~pxhkdokè~a-)! ) u mp`mmA hdba DPmmA cphmèa- òzm`dena od~`xkd gkm~xde~`) % % % % % % % p( ) x tPekAdmmm6XQ %%HAhx` %`m wkea%/ % % n6 Oe`x tp` n`~èemede` maS ek~xd~as s` %s`zdxdx% ped zdx~`

Q )gmhmA (ZhmA CmmOm s` n`bdxD è `s~` `s~dna { tp` s` x`s`xwdx zdxdnkcfd A)B+`mOO %%`m)yea m`d m)ÀYe g`xoè~dna s` m` dik~dx caewèkè~`

4Oh% u ( ) % ( u m m u o % ' d d ( c d m ) h I e ~ a a - tmm6zpnm`xd s`x `dp/ n` èax `d `~WkP ~Kmm]mem]memOm4aymm%@vdoè axideamz~kca%/Zax 4: tp` x`SB+AA~d d md `d~d a u K s ~ d

cme %n` md op`s~xd d dedmkrdx- %n`h` nxs`m` ixde Kozax~deckd- zp`sx`wks~` pe me~k`xs cdZk~dm- zA x mds ~encdcae`s wdPa`dd tp` zxazaxCmAed-x`sz`c~a d K


13/87

? 423/ ?d md caz`% mKN m4i`m)A oAW4omè~a `kEPBk'x { n` a s n m u hemmBAd dd`~)ed~~wdoè~` zdxd tp` `m w~ea hKKf e % d % u %%Q `%%/ ( ) & u m~d `m 'x'o%' a g~O4m~

Dzx`ckdena- / e zxko`x ~x ok ea% gd cdmnd n`m cmmkmna %- sp% u rd- peknd a nkscae~~epd- `~c%- { d m ~xdmmmPx' `m mCA]Ix- %- ~)emKxd/zdxècd- n`m cdm ] ~ &+ `vdokedna de~`s c~` d~F(T4Kkey%x md d MdBeP4rzO(d bpridx n`m dxaod { cdxc~`x n`m %%oa ty` s` :Km~d%%

Mds ~drds Kmdodnds n` cd~d% {d n` %%) d a n` Kg~gk4dm / %op{ x`caoèndhm`s zdxd bpridx md nmd~dendn- mmozkn`m[ m d c`-zd% ``kax n` mas wme=m7%

Dzx`ckdnas è )md caZ a è md ~dsd n` `d~d% 4O C$2KK%~amBKmkm u md )W4S]d{ u ~ zp`nde ndxeas m)`)S)Z(`C)~a mk`m WPgm+- s` )44g~ u ~ 5 Y K m K K $ ``m` cdmna- tp` s` op`w`- fdcme>:4%` )m)ÀO)x`x ]&+&4d md hEd% ZgK>2mOn%/nama pe oaoè~a% `m sp`~`d~` zdxd sdhax`dx `m )g~Na- x`zmP`Dna %4%az`xdc~e cae pe sìpena hpcf` n` mktpkna fds~d ~mbdx- z;x md H O m 6d`ke zxanPCknd è Mds zdzkmds n` md Z)m$e~d { haxn`s `K` md m è % / %hds` n` s~d { opcasd n` md hacd { gasd edsdm- `m sdhax { amax :4%xdc~`xs~à n`m wkea cd~dna%

@m x`spm~dna n`m `vdoè axideamz~kca &tp` s` x`g`$(mo d m aakm`K(-mkozkn`r- amax- sdhax- `~c%- n`m wkea+ n`h`x s`x kenkcdna è% `m ha)m`/~me n` demksks%

@vdoè o~cxasczkca% / @m x`spm~dna n` md nìps~dcke mBmOmxdcaes`bdx md ahs`xwdcke okcxasczkcd n` md op`s~xd d dedmmrd%x tp`s` x`dmkrdx è `m wkea { è `m n`zsk~a tp` n` m s` ah~èid zax cè~xkgpidcke a o`nkde~` w`ke~kcpd~xa faxds n` x`zasa%

@e iè`xdm- n`h`x)De s`x `vdokednas dm ok`xascdzka ~anas mas wkeas ~pm(hmas { mas tp` d md nìps~dcKe nèa~è Pm)m`s~dna n` èg`xo`ndn- aaesmieenas` è `s~` cdsa è `m ham`~e `m x`spm~dna n` mk~ahs`xwdcke%

O~anas agkckdm s n` demksks%M/N@^m2XOKEDCKE N@M Z@SA @SZ@CkGKCA

S` n`~`xokedx md nèskndn n`m wkea cae pe zceo`~xa a cae ~pknèso`~xa cae~xds~dna tp` dzx`ck` fds~d md cpdx~d n`ckodm- az`xdena skòzx` d 40( cè~ixdnas- zdxd `wk~dx mds caxx`cckae`s n` ~òz`xd~pxd%

@e `m cdsa n` az`xdxs` cae nèso`~xas- s~as n`h`xe s`x caozxahdnas gx`cpè~` { xkipxasdoè~` zax o`nka n`$ zceo`~xa%


14/87

(

2

( ) % C A u u z k c m m : k e / ` ~ x p s`- `oz%`dxde gxdscas ~dzdnds cae ~dm4e `so`/M ) u m m 2 n ` & u 2 u _ B % d % c m u n 4zy-2}xz2


15/87

40 ? -/ - ) u -/ ) %s`2 fdide cae `m oksoa dzdxd~a< z`xa n` /~anas oanas àxxwènxd%n`/ 2~`xokedx n` ep`wa- n` ~kòza è ~kòza- `m z`sa n`m z ceo`~xa wd/$~`ma { `m n`m tp` ~k`%e` mmèa -n@)% dipd fds~d%%% `m ~xdra- K 2 $ p ` u `s~as nas z`/ 2b2sas zp`nè kx s ` e s k h m ` o ` e u ` wdxkdena cae g5m ~kòza { `m psd- % %< Md xaeepmd de~`xkax s` skozmkgkcd opcfa òzm`dena zceo`~xas 24 tp`- mmèas fds~d `m ~xdra- cae~èide `vdc~doè~` 0: ixdoas n` dipd- -$

x2 z p ` u è `s~` cdsa md gxopmd tp`nd x`npcknd d md sipè~` 2 4


16/87

^`hm% K n% caxxzaenaecm% è~x` m nae%mn~mn`% - m-%n%% (p%~ %Ixdna K Ixdna Ixdna 44 K I x % n u 44 K Ixdna % //2/ )////- /% ) u u n a

Nèskndn K Sdpxa-< Nèskndn Sdpxa Nèskndn Sdpxa 44 Nèndn XdpmKK)< 44 N%KmKk%%n Xddmmm Nèndn k mdpmmm4-::4 K :-%47 4-:33 >-78 4-:7S 6-90%4 4-:;9 $ 48-90 KK 4-48%; $ 47-0 %$K 4-4:: K - - u %4-::8 ~ P-13 4 - : 3 u % >-9)+ 4-:77 6-69 4-:;6 48-69 4-43: k 47-7 Kx 4-474 4 8:-:4-::3 K :-225: 4-:324 4 >-69 4-:79 [-AA- 4-:;; 43-:: -2 4-434 47-9 44 4-478 K 8:-4x - a a u k :-73 K-A17 K 1-AA )2 4-:76 [-48 K 4-4:: 43-48 44 4-438% 47-6 ) 4-473 $ 8:-8m-aaB A-9B 4-:39 /+-48 4-:7; ;-80 4-4:4 43-80 m - t u 4 7 -; $ 4 4-47> 8:->4-::7 :-69 4-:36 0-80 4-:9: ;-39 4-4:8 e -3 9 4-4k> 49-: K4 4-470 8:-04)-::9 4-:: 4-:3[ S-39 4-:94 ;-0: K 4-4:3 43-0: 4-430 49-4 -4 4-477 8:-:K-AAS k%k` 4-:>: )+--+: 4-:98 ;-78 K 4-4:> 43-7: 4-437 49-8 4-479 8:-9m-::; 4-13 4-:>4 0-77 4-:93 ;-9(4 m) 4-4:0 43-9: 4-439 49-> K 4-477 8:-6M-AKA K-BA 4-:>8 0-63 4-:9> ;-69 m) 4-4:7 43-6: 4-436 49-0 4-47; 8:-;4-:44 4-78 K-Ae 7-:: 4-:90 4:-:: K 4-4:9 43-;: 4-43; 49-7 4-49: 84-:4%:48 4-9)+ 4-:>> 7-48 4-:97 4:-48 )4 4-4:6 4>-:: 4-4>: 49-9 4-46: 88-:4-:43 4-69 4-:>-+ 7-80 4-:99 4:-80 4

4) 4-4:; 4>-48 4-4>4 49-6 4-4;: u 3 - A4-:4> 8-:: 4-:>7 7-39 4-:96 4 : - 3 9 % 4-44: 4>-80 4-4>8 49-; 4-KkE 8>-:4-:4(5 8-48 K-Ae 7-(5: 4-:9; 4:-0: BK 4-444 4>-39 4-4>3 46-: 4-84: 80-:4-:47 8-8(5 4-:>6 7-78 K-ASA 4:-78 K 4-448 4>-0: 4-4>> 46-4 4-884 %-78 4-4>0 46-8 4 4>-9)+ 4-4>7 md-> m x8>8 86-:4-:4; 8-77 4-:-+4 9-:: K-AS3 4 4 - : : - 4-44-+ ) 4 > - 6 9 4-4>4 46-0 4-808 8;-:4-:8: 8-63 K-AS8 9-48 4-:6> 44-48 K 4-447 40-:: 4-4>6 46-7 4 8 7 u 3:; 46-9 4-890 34 9-39 4-:67 44-34 4-446 40-8: 4-40: 46-6 4867 38-:4-:83 3-8S 4-:0S 9-SA 4-:69 44-0: 4-44; 40-3: 4-404 46-; 4 + ; 7 33-:

4-:8> 3-39 4-:07 9-78 4-:66 44-78 4-48: 4 40->: 4-408 4;-: 4-3:; 3>-:4-:80 3-SA 4-:09 9-90 4-:6; 44-90 4-484 40-0: 4-403 4;-4 438: 30-:4-:87 3-77 4-:06 9-69 4-:;: 44-64 4-488 40-78 4-40> 4;-8 4)438 37-:4-:89 3-63 4-:0; S-AA 4-:;4 k 48-:: 4-483 40-90 4-400 4;-> 4S 39-:4-:86 >-:: 4-:7: 6-48 4-:;8 ( 48-48 4-48> 40-69 4-407 4;-0 4309 36-:4-:8; >-48 4-:74 6-80 4-:;3 48-80 4-480 47-:: 4-409 4;-7 4)39: 3;-|+4-:3: > - 8 0 - 4-:78 6-39 4-:;> 48 % _9 4-487 47-48 4-406 4;-9 4)363 >:-:4-:34 >%-39 )4 4-:73 6-0: 4-:;0 48%-0: 4-489 -2 47-80 % 4-40; K 4;-6 403 >0-:4-:38 K >-0: K 4-:7> 6-78 4-:;7 48-:8 4-486 47-39 )2 4k 44 K/ u % / / / / / / / u / / / / / / +< p- b


17/87

@e %as h`m`~ke`s caxx`szaenè~`s d mas demksks è tp` s` samkck~``m ixdna n` mkcax s` caeskiedx md nèskndn d 40(- n`~`xokednd caoatp`nd cmkcf`$ [ `vzx`sdnd cae cpd~xa n`ckodm`s- { mpìa s` `vzx`sdxcae md nèaokedcke n` ixdna Hdpo- a n` mkcax caxx`szaenkè~`d md nm)e(kndn- `m tp` x`spm~` n` md ~dhmd de~`xkax% @s~` ixdna HdpoKk( caeskiedx cae nas n`ckodm`s- òzm`dena md ckgxd a md 0 zdxd mdscè~skods- sìe tp` md%)5 cè~skods kenkcdnds è md ~dhmd s`de ~ex`/xk`x`s d 0- a s`de k i p - u m ` s a spz`xkax`s d 0% Zax `bòzma< 4%( Nèskndn

4-:79 ixdna Hdpo caxx`szaenè~` %`` ;-:% 8%( Nèskndn ?? 4-:94-ixdna Hdpo caxx`szaenkè~` ? ;-0% 3%( Nèskndn ? 4-:98- ixdnaHdpo caxx`szaenkè~` ? ;-7% Nèskndn ? 4-:68- ixdna Hdpo CT/xxsszaenè~c ? 4:%60

e%/N@^@XOKEDCKE N@M DMCAFAMS` w`xkgkcdx zax `m o~ana n` n`s~kmdcke- wdmkenas` n` dzdxd~as

cp{d cdmn`xd s`d cdzdr zdxd az`xdx cae >:: c% c% @e pe hdme n` cp`mma `s~x`cfa s` o`nkxe `vdc~doè~` 8:: c% c% n`m wkea d n`s~kmdx- dmd ~òz`xd~pxd n` 40 cè~ixdnas2 s` w`x~`xe è md cdmn`xd n`m dzdxd~a n`s~kmd~axka- tp` `s~dx peknd d pe x`gxki`xde~`< s` mdwdx `mhdme cae ped z`tp`d cde~kndn n` dipd n`s~kmdnd- tp` s` w`x~`x~dohke è md cdmn`xd % Md x`gxki`xdcke s` caenpckx n` ~dm ode`xdtp` `m mktpkna n`s~kmdna { caenèsdna ode` d ped ~òz`xd~pxd md oszxvkod zaskhm` d 40 )% S` n`~ènx md n`s~kmdcke cpdena s` fd{de x`CAikna dmia os n` mas nas ~`xckas n`m wampoè n`m m tpkna sao`~knad md% n`s~kmdcke &peas 40: c% C%+- s` caozm`~dx sp wampoè- `vdc~doè~` d 8:: c% c% { d 40( n` ~òz`xd~pxd- cae dipd n`s~kmdnd< s` pekgaxodx z`xg`c~doè~` `m mktpkna zax md dik~dcke &`s~dena ~dzdndmd zxah`~d cae md zdmod n` md odeck { s` n`~`xokedx `m ixdna dmà44mca zax o`nka `m` pe %dmcafao`~xa xkipxasdoè~` cae~xds~dna {nkwcmkna è nckods n` ixdna- s`zdxdnds ma e`c`sdxka zdxd tp` zp`ndw`xkgkcdxs` md m`c~pxd cae pe `xxax oèax n` o`nkd nckod% Md m`c~pxdn`h`x fdc`xs` è md zdx~` keg`x kax n`m oèksca tp` s` gaxod è `mws~die n`m dmcaeao`~xa- Az`xdena d 40 `vdc~doè~`- caoa tp`ndkenkcdna- ea fd{ e`c`skndn n` `g`c~pdx caxx`ccke dmiped n` ~òz`xd~pxd- `vzp`s~d skòzx` d `xxax`s< z`xa è dtp`mmas cdsas è tp`-zAx ckxcpes~deckds `sz`ckdm`s- ea gp`s` zaskhm` az`xdx d 40(- s` n`h`x zxacpxdx dzxavkodxs` d `mmas ~de~a caoa s`d zaskhm`- {- n` ~andsode`xds- md ~a~dm~rdce n` mas 8:: c% c% è tp` s` w`xkgktp` md ixdnd/

8


18/87

? 46 ?cke n`h`x `g`c~pdxS` d md oksod ~òz`xd~pxd `vdc~doè~` d tp` %-`ècae~xdsè { s` fd{de o`nkna mas 8:: c% c% n` wkea w`x~knas è mdcdmn`xd zdxd sp n`s~kmdcke%Mas dmcafo`~xas n`h`xe s`x caozxahdnas gx`cpè~` { xkipxasdoè~` è mas mdhaxd~axkas zax o`nka n`m zceo`~xa%

@e mas wkeas zaca dmcafmkcas- sk s` nkszae` n` spgkckè~` cde~kndnn` Ktpna- `s o`bax az`xdx cae >:: c% c% n` wkea- x`caikèna dzxavkodndoè~` 8:: n` n`s~kmdna { caozm`~dena `vdc~doè~` cae dipdn`s~kmdnd `s~` wampoè-

@e `s~` cdsa fdhx e`c`skndn n` nkwknkx zax 8 md% encdcae n`mdmcaexe`~xa%@e cdohka% è `m cdsa n` pe mtpkna op{ dmcafmkca% s` wk`x~è èmd cdmn`xd 4:: c% c% n` nkcfa mtpkna- s` ddnè 8:: c% c% n` dipd n`s/~kmdnd- s` x`caiè 8:: n` n`s~kmdna { s` opm~kzmkcd zax 8 `m x`spm~dnan` md ixdnpdcke dmcafao~xcd%

Caewkè` è ixde ode`xd &`sz`ckdmoè~` è ~ k cdsa n` wkeasop{ dmcaemcask `wk~dx cpkndnasdoè~` è md n`s~kmdcke ~and zxnknd n` dmcafam- d cp{a `g`c~a `m ~pha n` sdmknd n`m s`xzè~e a x`gxki`xde~` s` dnkckaedx- zax o`nka n` pe ~pha n` cdpcfa- cae pe ~pha n`wknxka tp` n`sckèn` fds~d `m gaena n`m hdme è tp` s` wd{d )&)ca/ikèna `m mtpkna n`s~kmdna- n`hkèna ~è`xs` op{ zx`sè~` tp` `szx`cksa x`~kxdx `m hdme de~`s n` dzdidx `m o`cf`xa n` cdm`gdccke-zdxd `wk~dx `m x`~xac`sa fdckd md cdmn`xd { zax dszkxdcke n`m mktpknan`s~kmdna%

Cpdena md dckn`r wam~km n`m wkea- cdmcpmdnd è ckna dc~kca- s`dspz`xkax d nas ixdoas zax mk~xa- a cpdena d md nìps~dcke nèa~`nkcfa wkea pe `s~dna n` èg`xo`ndn- ped w`r o`nkna- n`h`x s`x`vdc~doè~` e`p~xdmkrdna zax o`nk` n` md sasd a n` md odie`skdcps~kcd de~`s n` s`x sao`~kna d md n`s~kmdcke< è `s~` cdsa zp`n`ddnkxs`- dnòs- pe zaca n` zamwa n` zk`nxd zo`r%

Mas dcaeo`~xas &{è iè`xdm ~anas mas nèso`~xas% n`h`xes`x spo`xiknas è mas Ktp~nas tp` s` fde n` z`sdx- `s~dena nkcfasdzdxd~as hkè s`cas { è pe `s~dna n` mkozk`rd `v~xòdndoè~`xx`zxacfdhm`- `wk~dena n` pe oana op{ `sz`ckdm èixdsdxmas cae mdsodeas%

@m ixdna dmcafmkca s` `vzx`sdx è mas ham`~e`s è wampoè zax4::- cae ped n`ckodm%

Ea ahs~de~`- cpdena mds ixdnpdckae`s dmcafmkcds s` fdide d z`~ce n`m zhmkca- zdxd tp` spx~de `g`c~a è mds ~xdesdcckae`s ca/


19/87

%/ B; ?o`xcd`s- s` zanx `vzx`sdx cae nas n`cxedm`s sk g ) S m m u u x`spm~de n`mcmcpma a caoa x`spm~dna n` md o`nkd n` mds ixdnpdckae`s tp` fd{dezankna `g`c ~pd xs` zax wd caozxahd~axkd%

Cpdena s` nkszaeid n~ zacd cde~kndn n` mmCbPmc%%| zp`n` n`~`xokedxs` ~dohke `m ixdna dmcafmkca n` m )Wkea zd{ )B b


20/87

^dhmd 44 n` caxx`szaenèckd è~x` K%s nèskndn n%Acemknd2k Dmcafam Nèskndn Dmcafpm Nèskndn Dmcafam Nèskndn Dmcafamn` m% zax mdB n` md Z&( mAA n` md za x 4:: n` md za x 4::o`rcmd è W & B u p f m ) 2 e o`rcmd ` e wampoè o`rcmd è wampoè o`rcmd è wampoè

K-AmmAA (-&+-+ A-mKm+4m ]Dm} A-tm)km+&k 9-)4] & + - | b 6 u 9 KK-f6A-mK)m|bmm :-P9 cm )-+$+ 9 K 9-48 &+ 44-9923 :-4] 9 ) ( f u )% K 9-)bA )+ 44-6f9 :-8: &4 )3-94 )+ 9-46 > 4B -4K4~k :-89 )+ )3-96 9-7&4 )3 48-:-+)m a-)e )B-S+ 9-9> 8 48-4>> :->: - 3-~F 8 9-68 4 48-83)B :->9 8 >-:: 4 9-;: A 48-38( 4+-+)- )]-:9 A 9-;mb A-;S3; 48->4

-fP 4K >-4 &+-4K66mb 6-:9 6 48-)m:B &B-f9 &BMBmK-mB >-88 `m 6-mx+ 9 48--+m!A-MB;6; & B - u ) K ) S u - 8 4 4 /- 6-83 & 48-mBu ( 23 P-6: 9 u - 3 & + 44 6-34 )+ 48-96

%%9 9 A-S9 4+ u - > ) B )+ 6->: > 48-66e A-m+)B )+ ]-44 % 6->6 )3 48-mB9(4 $ -& B u + k % >-+6 ] 6-)+7 8 4)--:7-~ K-P1 K /4-47 %$ u - 4 5 > K _ )+- B&+2< 4-\4 %$% /K-e /(9)+ a 44-8)+8 ) -8:

44

4 /4-6: &+ 6-64 &B-m}68=B K 4m - ) +>//%2%/! \ \-)89 P >-66 k m - )fE u - 3 t S 4 ) 3 - > uP 4-_> A!E8)$ >-;() S-=B2S 9 43(-)4A-;mB944 4->4 -4 6 )k-A)- 9 mB-A& & 43-73n 4->6

44

9 ]4: & m+-K)25 s 4+-989 4-)+> a )25-46 4 mK-83 /4 4)3-68& 4-74 )+ 4 - 8 u 4K-38 )B 44-;4(_ m-aS

4K

4 --)|B B =!->: 8 4>-:44 4-4)+ < )m%-mmK 4+-46 4 4>-4:b 4-%48 8 4-42< )4-)49 a 4 u - 8 & B8 41-6 4 ])+)+ &+ KB-NP P-mB6444 4 u - 8 4 4K < - )B)+ 44 A )4-7)4 :-mB6KB m + ;-9> 6 4>-)4;&+ 8-:844

mm-i;4; ]9&] 6 mB-63 9 4>->6N-;;mB 8-:; 6 ]96 9 )4-[K p K 4%]-466 8-4& x~ ]6&+ 7 KA-NA ( 4-4-4+69 8 - 8 u44

& ];3 /+ KA-Am+ % 4>-99a 8-4: &-Am % 4:-44 B 4/4-69)B 8-B4 ~ &-A]+ K 4:-8&+ 8 4>-mB9/4 8->> B &-47 8 4:-34 4 40-:93 8-+4 K 8 &-8 4 4:->3 &B m)k-4&)8 8-x-s 4 &-38 A 4:!+8 :!46:; 4]874 8-7)B P &->: :-;6-+mB 4:-74 6 4])3&-A 8-98 P-mBmKAmB 7->4 6 4:-9: 9 4)+->mBA-;;C-m+ -9&+ 6 &- x u ) k 9 KA-)$ & 40-)+)B6 8-6f 9 &%-&BK &+ 4:-66 )k 4]7)+9 8-;3 &b 7-94 4 mA-mk7 % 4S-^&% %-:: )+ &4-9]+ > 44-:-+ )| 4)+-6)+m-:9 mm %8 m]mB)+-4 3-4> 3 & - ; u 8 44-8)+ K 47-:>3 )--84 8 9-:8 4 44-)38 &+ K }7-4>8 ]-8F 4 9-4: A 44->4 A-mB9;; 47-8>4 3-^+ &+ 9-46 P-m+6/]m+ KK-(+P 6 47-3)4P 3->8 A-;6m+m+ 98~m 6 44-)+mB 9 47->>


21/87

mK%%d o`rcmd n` dmcafam {dipd (sp xktp`rd dmcafammcd% / % Q u K k u u Nèskndn mcaf`m K Nèskndn Dmcafam Nèskndn K Dmcafam Nèskndn DmcafamKn` md zax mAA K n` m zax 4:: n` m za x mAA n` md zax 4::op`md è wampoè o`rcmd è wampoè o`rcmd è wampoè o` rcm~ è wampoè-9>)+ 84-&B7 A-mm7;/m 8f-)km+ a-tm>)- )$m-&B9)k 4:-O > 84-9f 3 87-7> 8 34-4&4> 47-9/m )| 84-6h 8 87-96 4 )-K-8/m)3 47-6/m 8 84-% 4 87-69 -4 A )+4 - u - 88 4h-;> B 88-Ah a 87-~B7 km :-%)3; K 34->44 49-:> P 88-B&+ :-]+76; 89-:)+ X K 34->=+ 49-4> A-m~93; 88-8&+ 6 89-4> 44 9 34-09:-;96; 49-8> 6 88-3)+ 9 89-8> f 34-7-+6 49-3> 9 88->0 7 89-334K

x+ 34-939 49->> 7 88-00 ) 89->8 > 34-647 49-0> 0 88-7)+ > 89-)km 3 34-6;0 49-7> > 88-90 )3 89-7: 8 34-;6> 49-9> )| 88-6-+ 8 89-7; 4 38-:73 49-6> 8 88-;0 4 89-96 a 38-4>8 49-;> K 83-A) 89-69 :-mB78; 38-884 46-:> a 83-4> :->79; 89-;7 6 38-3:a 46-4> :-;98; 83-8> 6 86-:)+ 9 38-36:-;99; 46-8> 6 83-3> 9 86-4> 7 38->76 46-3> 9 83->> 7 86-83 s +8--+/m9 46->> 7 83-0> )+ 86-38 > )-8-78&+ 46-0/m )+ 83-73 /m 86->4 2+ _8-9:( 46-O > 83-93 )| 86-0: 8 2-896(4 46-9> 2 83-63 8 86-)k; 4 38 8 83-;)- 4 86-h9 38;38 46-;> 4 8>-:8 A 86-97 :->74; 32km &- ]4 4;-:> A 8>-48 A-mB77> 86-60 6 33 T$$ Y))% mA 4;-4> :-;94; 8>-88 6 86-;> 9 36^f % b ] ~ u -:-;97; 4;-8> 6 8>-38 9 8;-:3 7 33- ( 6 4;-3> 9 8>->4 & 8;-44 )b 33-334+ 5-9 4>->> ~k 8>-04 )+ 8;-8: > 33->: 7 4;-0)k 0 8>-7: > 8;-8; 3 33->6)+ 4;-7)b > 8>-9: 8;-36 8 33-07~ 4;-90 )3 8>-6: 8 8;->7 4 33-7>3 4;-60 8 8>-6; 4 8;-)k0 A 33-948 4;-;0 4 8>-;; A 8;-7> :-;::; 33-9;4 8:-:0 A 80-:6 A-mB7)k; 8;-98 6 33-69 8:-40 :-;9:; 8)+-46 6 8mB-64 9 2e-mB>A-;0mB 8:-8(B 6 8)24-89 9 8mB-6; ` 2+>-:86 8:-3)+ 9 8)+-)+9 ~k 8;->6 )] 3>-4:9 8:->0 7 u 0 - > 9 )+ 3:-Ag > )->-497 8:-)+)+ 0 80!+&+ b 3:-40 )3 3> u 0 8:-70 > 87-77 + 3:-8)- 8 3>)32|-> 8:-9S 3 80-9)+ 8 )3:-38 4 3>->:3 8:-67 8 80-6> 4 )mA(A )->->98 8:-;7 4 80-;> P 3:(mB :-mB)k;: 30-884 84-:7 A 87-o A-m+&b>; )+&B-09 SA 30-;0A 84-47 :-;7mB; 87-43 6 }A-77 9: 37-79A-;90mB 84-87 6 87-88 9 3:-9> 7: 39-396 84-37 9 87-34 7 3:-68 0: 36-:79 84->7 7 87->4 ) + )3:-;4 >: )-6-9>7 84-07 S 87-)+: 3:-m+mB sa ) u m B - > :


22/87

69-7:69-;866-8366-0066-676;-466;->66;-9;;:-&+&+;:->:;:-9:;:-;;;4-8;;4-06;4-69&b8-4(m&+8->>mB8-98;3-::&b3-86;3-00;3-68&+>-:&+;>-44;>-74; u - 6 u;)+-4/5;0-36;)4-73;)0-664+&--4 ]4+&+-39&!7-7_;7-6-+&b9-:6;9-34&b9-0>;9-97;9-;;;6-8:;6->8T6-73;6-6>;~B-:0&b;-87;;->&+;;-77;;-674::-::

u & mAPA:-63&+ASA9:&mAkA>:3:8:4::::-68;:SA9:7:/+:>:mA8:4:::P-6B;:6:9&4à+:>:BA8:mA:::-6&)KA6:9:&mA0:>:]A8:4:AP

:-9;&+:SA9:7:0:>8

446-4876-0376-]+>fm+-3>7;-9)+9:-m9:-0&9:-%94-3794-9798-4098-0098-;>93-3393-989>-4 9>->)49>-669)S-8h90-7>97-:897->:97-9699-4099-)4)]99-mBmm96-8996-7>9;-::9;-)3994+-9 6:-::6:->)+SA-6464-4964-)+8SK-23938-8338-0968-;763-8963-7462|-%6>-3:S>-h>6>!+96)+-3460-O60-;9

)Bmm>:)BA8:4::::%66=+:6:9:7:(mA>:)BA8:4:&& +:-S9TA6:9:A)+:>:)BA8:4::::-67::SA9:::)mA>:BA8:4::::-60;:6:9:fA+:>:mA8:4::::3>;:- 6:9:

%8-44e 49>3>-3)k>>-;3>)+-0:>f-:9>7-7)4>9-46>9-9)8>6-87>6-6:>;-33>T-S)4x A39c+A-S6x+4 )2K)/m0+)6;08-)2K&2)4>-6>2 + x + 38)04)+9-84x+9-79)+6-4 )m06-4;-+;-:)4x+= x+a(+&!kx7_-8;74-9)B78-498-7473-:>73->973-;474-3>74-9h70-_[70-7477-:3

6:9:7:0:>:BA8:mA::A-KKEA6:9:A0:>:BA8:4::::-;8;:6:9:&A(mA>:3:8:4::::-;4;:6:9:7:0:>:)2mA8:4::::-=B:;:6:9:7:)+:>:3:8:4:::

/ % -Nèskndn Dmcafam Nèskndn Dmcafam A%edkn%n Dmcafamn% m % zax 4:: n% md zax 4:: n` md zax 4::o`rcmd è wampoè )4 o`s`m %% è wampoè xe`rc+d è% wampoè

44 -K 42 kP-)f)8: ~A-&B|+ mm-S;>mB 7 f - u 4 :-6>7: K 6&-_&+4: 4:-9: K SA K 77-S9 2 )+: K 67-73:: >4-33 k 9: - 79-8mb m) >: K 67-[)+:-]+>;: 4 B - 1 u fA 4 f9-9: )mA K 69-89- )4


23/87

83

KKK%//N@^@XOKEDCKE mm@M @V^XDCm)A S@CA

O~ana agkckdm%//@s~d n`~`xxeedce s` `g`c~pdx zax `m o~anakenkx`c~a- wdmkenas` n` md gxopmd skipk`e~` )

N( ? &N /


24/87

% (

//////N`dskn`n@v~xdc~a n` mdBkm`ca dampckeè xdoas n`zax m k~ xa `v~xdc~a

^%hm % 444 z % x % `m c74cpma) n` m

)53-:)+ - -B)+)--)-u + - 6-+>-P)+>-8)+>-)5)+>-9)+ )+-P)-8)++->2)++-9)4 ?//+ -p)+!5-8)-->(57-&5)+7;)+924)+9->09-7)+9 S0688)+88h88948688;)83:eK8388^38+%42-e)+8)mC52-o83683;8>:8>48>88>38%%%%8>)+8>78>98>68>;8)5:

- N èdkndnn` mdsampckaen``v ~ xd c~a

>]S>x5-4>7-m>7-7>7-6>9-:>9-B>9- )+>9-6>6-P46%8%S-)+KS-9>mB-AE-8>)+->>)+-9>;-;)5:-8(+P->(-&m-70:-;-+4-4)+4->-+4-7)+4%6)+2P)+823)+8%7u 8 - 6

@v~xdc~as`ca` e i /xXogm mmzax m k~ xa

4-:4;44;84;34;>4;04;74;94;64;;8::8:48:88:38:>8:)+8:78:98:68:;84:84484884384>84)+8484984684;88:

/s &_m62;E-K3;->3; 73;:-4>:-3>:-7>:-6>4-:>4-3>4-0>4-S>8-:>8-8>8-0>8-9>3-:>38>>3-9>3-;>>-8>>->>>-7>>;>+0->>]7

mACAè ixdoaszax m k ~xa

4-:4gB447847)347>47)+47747947647;49:49449849349>49)+49749949649;46:46446846346>46)+46746946646;4;:

34->34-934-;38-838%>38-738-;334^3)3-7^ u - 6 (()%-4)m>-)3)]>-73>-S3)+-:30-33)+-)+3)+-637-:37-837-037-939-:39-839->39-939-;36-846-%~

%% -/ /2/2

u Nèskndn@v~xdc~a$ n` mds`ca sampckeè ixdoas n`zax mk~xa `v~xdc~a

4-:434438433 K43>_3+43743943644;4>:4>44>84>34>>4>)54>74>94>64>;4)+:4)+44Q+% % - u4034)+>40)+4074094)m640;47:

8>-88>-)58>-98)5-:)+/ )+/)-/80->80-98)+-;87-887->87-gB)mh-`+2e-489->89-789-686-486-386-786-68;-:8;-38;-08;-63:-:3B-83:-)53:-934-:34-8

44 N ` e % k n u n@v~xd`~a KK nd mds`ca 42 sa mpneè x/xdoas -2 n`zax m k~ xa 42 `v~xdc~a

4-:4:44:84:34:>4:04:74:94:64:;44:44444844344>44)+44744944644;48 B48448848348>48048748948648;]mA

49Am49-+49-S46-:46-846-046-94;-:4;-84;->4;-944+-;9B88:8:-78:-;84-484-> K84-784-688-488-388-788-683-:83-383-)+83-68>-:

BK Nèskndn@v~xdc~a bm n` mds`ca m% sampckeè ixdoa% bk n`za x mk~xa BK `v~xdc~a

K-AN94 K98939>909799969;6+6468 K636>6+6769666;;B;4;8;3;>;)5;-+ m)9;6;;KAB ]

;-7;-64:-44:-34:-74:-644-:44-344-)+44-648-:48-848-)+48-943-:43-843->43-943-;4>-84>-> -74>-;4)+-440->40-74)+-647-447-3 (47-7 4447-6 K

K-AB>:>4>8>3>>>)5>7>9>6>;)+:` mu K)+3 k)+>)+0)+7)+9)+60;7:7478737>7) +7779767;9: K

Nèskndnn` mdsampcken``v~xdc~a


25/87

O`~a~ka d 4::(%/@e mas dedss n` wkeas tp` s` fdide zdxd `m `s~pnka n` sp caozaskcke { cdxdc~`xxs~cd depdm- n`h`x n`~`xokedxs` ~dohke- caegaxo` s` fd kenkcdna de~`xkaxoè~`- sp xktp`rd `v~ xdc~ wd zax `m o~ana nèaokedna d 4::(- zp`s zdx~kèna n` sp wdmax n`hè `s~dhm`c`xs` dmipeds x`mdckae`s tp` s` òzm`de è wdxkdsedckae`s kozax~dnaxds n` mas wkeas `szdam`s- { caewkè` mmìdx d gkbdxmas mok~`s è~x` tp` asckmde- è mas wkeas n` ep`s~xa zds- mas wdmax`sn` nkcfds x`mdckae`s%@m `v~xdc~a s`ca d 4::( s` n`~`xoked w`x~kèna 8: c% c% n` wkea- o`nknas cae ped z%z`~d ixdnpdnd è~x` nas ~xdras- è ped czspmd n`zmd~kea n` gaxod ckmenxkcd { n` gaena zmdea n` 00 oo% n` nko`~xa{ 80 oo% n` dm~pxd% Skèna op{ `sèckdm tp` md czspmd s`d n` gaenazmdea- n`h` ~è`xs` md zx`cdpcke- dm u k o z k d x m d s { s`cdxmds- n` dza{dxnkcfa gaena sahx` ped spz`xgkck` zmded { x`sks~è~`%

Nkcfd czspmd n` zmd~kea s` camacd sahx` pe hda odxd- cp{d cp/h`x~d spz`xkax `s~ z`xg`c~doè~` faxkrae~dm { zxawks~d n` axkgkckasckxcpmdx`s n` 0: oo% n` nko`~xa- `s n`ckx- ckeca oèas tp` `m n` Kdsczspmds% @s~ds n`hè camacdxs` n` oana tP` ahs~xp{de nkceas axkgkckas- skxwkèna caoa n` ~dzdn`xd n` $as oksoas- { dtp`mmas axkgkckas adh`x~pxds Tp` ea s`de p~kmkrdnas n`h`xe s`x c`xxdnas zax o`nka n`sps ~dzdn`xds `sz`ckdm`s%@m hda odxkd n`h` s`x n` ekw`m caes~de~` { `m `scdz` n`m wdzax n`dipd ~è`x mpidx zax md \pe~pxd n` md cphk`x~d- sk s~d ea `s~ peknd dmhda- a hkè zax o`nka n` pe ~pha n` n`szxènkokè~a `s~x`cha { m d x / - !BK)ia- gkbdna è `m cè~xa n` md cphk`x~d- sk `s~ pekna d hda odxkd- gax/ m 4(odend cp`xza cae `m oksoa% Md `wdzaxdcke n`h` s`x mkhx`- `s n ` c k u k 2 ( u 2 utp` `m hda odxkd ea n`h` `s~dx camacdna hdba ck`xx`s ek è ped cd - ) < T uxxkè~` n` dkx`% Md nks~deckd è~x` `m gaena n` mds czspmds { `m ekw`m % % ~

=!: ( ) n`m dipd n`m hda/odxkd n`h` s`x n` ckeca d s`ks cè~o`~xas% Dm cama/ ) ! _ E ]//dx md czspmd `m dipd n`m hda odxkd n`h` `s~dx {d è `hpmmkcke- {s~d n`h` ode~è`xs` npxde~` s`s faxds caes`cp~kwds dm cdha n`CP[d ~`xeza s` x`~kxd md czspmd- S` s`cd xzknd { `so`xdndoè~` spgaena- s` n`bd ègxkdx hdba pe n`s`cdnax { S` z`sd% N`m z`sa ècae~xdna s` n`npc` `m n` md czspmd- s` opm~kzmkcd zax 0: `m x`spm~dna- {md ckgxd ah~è)nd x`zx`sè~d- è ixdoas- `m z`sa n`m `v~xdc~a s`ca d4::: zax mk~xa n` wkea%

Zdxd md n`~`xokedcke n`m `v~xdc~a s`ca zax `s ~` o~ana zp`nèòzm`dxs`- è w`r n` czspmds n` zmd~kea- mds n` cpdxra gpenkna {~xdeszdxè~`% cp{ds nkoèskae`s ke~`xkax`s S`de mds tp` s` fde kenkcdna zdxd mds n` zmd~kea%


26/87

K

? 8&xW%/N@^@XOKEDCKE N@ MD DCKN@R Â^DM

S` ~aode 4: c% c% n` wkea $mAx o`nka n` ped zkz`~d { s` `cfde èpe wdsa n` gaena $mmdea% s` cdmkè~d fds~d Tp` caokèrd md `hpmmkcke%cae `m ahb`~a n` n`sdmabdx `m defnxkna cdxhekca- { s` n`bd ègxkdx% S`ddnè ckeca a s`ks ia~ds n` ped sampcke dmcafmkcd n` gèamg~dm`med%s` ~aod ped hpx`~d nkwknknd fds~d nckods n` cè~o`~xa chkca< s`mdwd zxko`xa cae dipd n`s~kmdnd- { mpìa% zax nas w`c`s- zax 4: oèas-cae md sampcke n`ceaxodb n` sasd tp` mpìa s` wd d òzm`dx- fdckèna tp` mas mtpnas n` macke sdmide zax md `v~xòkndn dgkmdnd n` mdhpx`~d% Mpìa s` mmèd md hpx`~d dmia os dxxkhd n`m c`xa cae md sampcke n`ckeaxodm n` sasd- s` dhx` xzkndoè~` md $5kerd n` md hpx`~d- dmahb`~a n` tp` `m ~pha n` sdmknd `s~ caozm`~doè~` Kmèa n` mktpkna- sketp` tp`n` hpxhpbd n` dkx`2 mpìa s` èxdsd `m Ktpna cae `m c`xa n` mdhpx`~d- S` camacd `m wdsa tp` cae~kè` `m wkea n`hdba n` md hpx`~d {èckod n` pe zdz`$ hmdeca { s` m` wd ddnkèna ia~d d ia~d md sasdgkbenas` è md wdxkdcke n` camax tp` wd `vz`xkoè~dena `m wkea% {-cpdena `s~` camax s`d `m w`xn` ascpxa- è~aec`s s` ddn` ped ia~d osn` md sampcke dmcdmked- { cae ped wdx km md s` zxac`n` dm ~atp` n`m wkeacae pe zdz`m n` ~axedsam sèskhm`< sk s` wp`mw` xaba s` ddn` a~xdia~d- { ds s` skip` fds~d tp` `m zdz`m ea wdx` n` camax- ma tp` eas kenkcdx tp` mas cknas n`m wkea `s~e caozm`~doè~` e`p~xdmkrdnas% S`m`` `m eo`xa n` cè~o`~xas chkcas n` sasd òzm`dnas% mas cpdm`s-opm~kzmkcdnas zax :->;- eas ndxe md dckn`r ~a~dm zax mk~xa n` wkea èckna spmgxkca- Sk è w`r n` `vzx`sdx md dckn`r ~a~dm è ckna spmgxkca ke~`x`sd `vzx`sdxmd è ckna ~x~xkcd- s` òzm`dx `m ca`gkckè~`:-90 è w`r n`m :->;%

Sk `m wkea `s hmdeca- s` zxac`n`x n` kipdm ode`xd< samdoè~` tpèa fdhx e`c`skndn n` zxac`n`x dm ~atp`- skea tp` s` kx ddnkèna`m mktpkna dmcdmkea fds~d tp` s` ah~èid 84 camax xasd z`xsks~è~`% Cae`m eo`xa n` cè~o`~xas chkcas òzm`dnas s` az`xdx caoa è `mcdsa de~`xkax%Zdxd zdsdx n` m%d dckn`r ~a~dm `vzx`sdnd è ckna spmgxkca d mddckn`r ~a~dm `vzx`sdnd è ckna ~x~xce hds~dx opm~zmcdx md zxko`xd zax `m ca`gkckè~` 4-03%

Md dckn`r ~a~dm S` `vzx`sdx è mas ham`~ke`s è ckna spmgxkca {è ckna ~x~x~ca cae ped ckgxd n`ckodm%

Md ~dhmd tp` skip` nd nkx`c~doè~` u dckn`r è spmgxkca% è ~x~xkcd { è dc~kca- sìe `m eo`xa n` cè~o`~xas chkcas w nckodsn` cè~o`~xa chkca n` sasd E!mA òzm`dnas n`sn` pe cè~o`~xachkca fds~d 4: c% c%


27/87

^dhmd KW- tpd nd md dckn`r zax m k~ xa è 7cmnas %pFxmca- ~7x~x mca { dc~kca- %ìe `m eo`xa n` cè~mo%~xaschkcas n` sasd E!4: òzm`dnas- az`xdena s`hx` 4: `è~fe%~x`s chkcas n` wkea

u 2 2 K ` u u 2 u / b a $ ) u ( -)( %%"% %%/ @e dpm/ 4 @e ~ x%$ @eCo) gxkca 2 ~xkca Kdc~kcaK -

S as % E!mA 7 x d u d s z a x mkmxd n` K ~ k u Q m ) - 2 - Sasd EkmA 7xdodszax m k u % $ - dcknmm_-) S as % E!4:/ 7 x ) m N a s u a x / u u k k ` r /KKòzm`dnd u / / ) / /4 2 òzm`dnd //////- )2 òzm`dnd ()b) ( )4

/ @e spm/ @e ~x/ K @e $ k / @e SPK/K @e ~x/$ @e km / @e spB/ @e ~x/ @e 4Co3 gxkca ~xkca $ dc~kca kk Co3 gxkc ~xkc` 4K dc~kca $$ Co2$ gxkca ~xkca- dc~kca $)Q MQ K 44 Q)QQ4( K Q ~$A-m :-:>=+ $ :-:$0 $ :-:7 m) 8-7 4 - u u u 4-=+0i K -)+|< 0-4 8-2g;m+ $-684 k 3-:7:-8 :-&b&B6 A-hA :- 48- 8-9 K- B QQ 8-:8)+ 4-7Q 0-8 8-)+>6 3-;:: P 8:-3 :-4>9 :-880 :-46 8-6 4-398 8-4:: 4-7$)2 )+%3 8%)+>9 3-4+9)5- 3-46:-> :-4m+7 :-3:: K :-8> KK 8-; 4->84 8-490 4-9> 0-> 8-O >%:4: 3-8>:-0 :-8>4 -:-)390 :-)3: 44 3-: 4->9: 8-8+: 4-6: 0-0 8-7mB0 >-48+ 3-3::-7 A-8mB> :->-+: : - 3 7 - 3-4 4-04; 8-380 4-6& 0-7 8-9>> >-8:: 3-)37:-9 :-3>3 :-084 :->8 ]) 3-8 4-076 8->:: 4-=+8 0-9 8-9;3 >%894 3->8:-6 :-3;8 :-7:: :->6 k 3-3 4-749 8->90 4-;6 0%6 8-6>8 >%30: 3->6:-; :->>4 :-790 :-0> 3-> 4-777 8-00: 8-:> 0%; 8-6=+4 >->84 3-0>4-: :->;: :-90: :-7: 3-0 4-940 8-78)+ 8-4: 7-: 8%;>: >%0:: 3%7:4-4 A-03mB :-680 :-7: 3-7 4-97> 8-9:: 8-47 7-4 8-;6; >%)k9S 3%774-8 :-066 4:-;:: :-98 3-9 4-643 8-990 8-88 7-8 3-:36 >%70: 3%984-3 :-739 :-;90 :-96 3-6 4-678 8-6+: 8-86 7-3 3-:69 >%98)4 3-964-> :-767 4-:0: :-6> 3-; 4-;44 8-;80 8-)3> 7-> 3-437 >%6:: 3-6>4-0 :-930 4-48+ :-;: >-: 4-;7: 4 3-::: 8->: 7-0 3-460 >-690 3%=+:4-7 :-96> 4-8:: :-;7 > + 8-T&b&B 3-:90 8->7 7%7 3-83> >%;)4: 3%;74-9 :-633 - 4-890 k 4-:8 >-8 8-:06 3-40: 8-(58 7%9 3-863 )-:80 >%:84-6 :-668 k 4-30: K 4-:6 >-3 8-4:9 3-880 8-06 A%S 3%338 4-4:: >%:64-; :-;34 4 -> 8 + ) 4-4>%- >-> 8-4)k7 3-3:: 8-7> h-m+ 3%364 0%490 >%4>8-: :-;6: 4-0:: 4-8: k >-0 8-8:S 3-390 8 -9 : - 9%: 3->3: 0-80: >%8:8-4 4-:8; 4-090 4-87 KK >-7 8-80> 3->0: 8-972% 9%4 3->9; 0-380 >-878-8 4-:96 m-70i 4-38 m) >-9 8-3i3 3-480 8-682- R 3 - 1 u 6 ) 0 - > : u >%388-3 4-489 4-982+ 4-36 K >-6 8-3)+8 3-7:: 8-66 -\ - 3 3-)+!9 0%>9)+ >%368 - 4-491 m-Sdi 4 - u > 44 >-; 8 - > u 4 3-7$0 8-;> K 9-2g 3%787 000i >%>>8-(+ 4-88+ 4-692+ 4-)+: 4K 0-: 8->)+: 3-90: 3-:: 4 9%)+ 3-790 0-7825 >-0:u K $K- QQ QQQQ

~9%99%69%mB6-:6-46%86%36%>6%06%76-96-66%>:%:~P;%8mB%)mmB%>mB-/-;%7mB%9mB-6;%;4:-:

K -P 8 k 1 - 9 u + )3%99- - )+%9- )+3-688 )4%6+:)+%694 0%;8?)%+%;8: 7%:|+!++-447; 7%:9(B>%:46 7-4-+:>%:79 h%880>%447 7%3::> %47+ 7%)39)+>%84> 7%,)+&+>%873 &%)B80P48 a%7:d>%474 7%79)+>%>4: &+%90:>%>0> 7%680>-)+:6 h%>::>%449 % ;9)+>%h:7 9%:0:>%h+ 9-48+>-9:> 9-8::>% !)+3 9%890>-6:8 9%)+) +:>%604 9->80>-;:: K9-0::

M)0:>-78>%hS>%e>%6:>%67>%MB8>%mB60-:>(4-4:S%K$50-880-860-3>)+->:(B->7x+%)k8)+-)+60%7>)+%9:0%9~B0%680%660%mB>7-::


28/87

K-4

? r)] ?- @e `m cdsa n` tp` mas cè~o`~xas chkcas n` sasd òzm`dnas gp`xdod{ax tp` mA- $Bax `bòzma- 4>% hds~dx spodx md dckn`r caxx`szaenkè~` d 4: c% c% ? >%;- cae md% tP` caxx`szaen` d >/c/2m%;7- { eas ndxpe ~a~dm n` >-;, 4;7? 7%67- a s`d 7%; è ckna spmgxkca- `~c%

W%/N@^@XOKEDCKE N@ MD DCKN@R WAM^KM

@e~x` mas nkw`xsas zxac`nkokè~as tp` `vks~è 2Bdxd md n`~`xokedce n` md dckn`r wam~km è mas weds fòas dc`z~dna mas nas sku p k ` e ~ ` s 2

O~ana dmòe%/S` oknè 0: c% c% n` wkea- tp` s` ke~xanpcè èpe od~xdr x`naena n` peas 8:: c% c% n` cdzdckndn- `m cpd< s` ck`xxdcae pe ~dze n` cdpcfa cae nas axkgkckas- zax pea n` mas cpdm`s m`d~xdwk`sd pe ~pha n` wknxka dgkmdna è `m `v~xòa- tp` wd fds~d cdskdm gaena n`m od~xdr- { zax `m a~xa `v~xòa- nahmdna è eipma- s` pe`zax o`nka n` pe ~xara n` ~pha n` cdpcfa- cae a~xa n` wknxka- ~dohkedcandna- { tp` wd d zdxdx d a~xa od~xdr n` pe mk~xa n` cdzdckndn< zax`m sìpena axkgkcka n`m ~dze è~xd a~xa ~pha n` wknxka TP` S` pe` dPe x`gxki`xde~` M`hi- è cp{d a~xd `v~xòkndn s` camacd pe x`ckzkè~` n` peas 3:: c% c% n` cdzdckndn- cae pe ~xdra tp` odxcd 8:: c% c%@$ od~xdr tp` cae~kè` `m dipd mm`wd ~dohke pe ~pha n` sìpxkndn%Zdxd az`xdx s` caokèrd )zax kecaopekcdx mas nas od~xdc`s - òzm`dena ped x5merd tp` S` nkszae` è `m ~pha n` cdpcfa< s` cdmkè~dedohas od~xdc`s- zxacpxdena tp` `m dipd n`m od~xdr caokèc` d f`xwkx cpdena fd{de {d n`s~kmdna zxvkodoè~` peas 80 c% c% n`m wkea%@e `s~` oaoè~a s` dhx` md zkerd { s` fdc` tp` ckxcpm` `m wdzax n`dipd d ~xdws n`m wkea- zxacpxdena tp` md caxxkè~` n` wdzax s`d wws-{ ixdnpenamd n` ~dm o`na tp` ea dpoè~` sèskhmòè~` `m wampoèn` mas 80 c% c% n` 4ktpkna tp` fd{ è `m od~xdr z`tpà- { ds s` skip`md az`xdcke fds~d tp` s` ah~èid ped cde~kndn n` n`s~kmdna dmiaspz`xkax d 8:: c% c% D `s~` mktpkna n`s~kmdna s` m` ddnè peds cecaia~ds n` gèamg~dmèd { s` wdmaxd md dckn`r cae 4d sasd dm nckoa%caoa è `m cdsa de~`xKax%

Md dcKn`r wam~mm s` `vzx`sdx è ixdoas { n`ckixdoas n` cknadc~kca%Md ~dhmd skipkè~` nd nkx`c~doè~` 4d dckn`r wam~km $Bax mk~xa n`wkea è ckna dc~kca- spmgxkca { ~x ~x ca zax cè~o`~xa chkca { nCkods n` cè~o`~xa chkca n` sasd- nckod eaxodm òzm`dnas2


29/87

^dhmd W- tp` n k md dckn4R zax mk~xa n` w b e u ` e ckna3 dc~kca- spmgxkca { Px~xmca- sìe `m eo`xa n` cè~o`~xas chcas { nckods n` cè~ko`~xa chkca n` Hasd E4: òzm`dnas az`xdena cae SAc% c% n` wkea%

Q%Q////Q%// / / % / / / / / u /

7xdoas zax u k ~ x T n u u k u/ )/ / / / / Q % u / ////

@e~x ~xkcc@e spm\x kca@edc~kca

g k x d u u $ g x - u u T n%k~kn8$%% S ` a < u m u u uK 44/@e k @e spm/ @e $K

dc~kca gxkca ~x~xkcd 44 g o ////)///QQ)///QQ 4)2//- Q

mk ):-4+]8 :0:: :-970-4 9-7 :%:_8 2 :-9/4-+ 4%4/444:%:8/4 :204: :+6: ~k 9-9 :%;8-4 :%9)+22) M f -:%a3&) A!+ 4; :-9;-+ k 9-6 :%;4 A%9:/m 4-49-A%/m6 :%8T :%64: K 9%; A%mB/mS :%99/4 MKS)-A%fKBA :%22(+; :%6822) < S%A :%447: P%96/4 4%8 m%AS :%683 m %4&m+a%xrp :%466 &+%mBP&+ 6%)- K%mm21mm P%30( ] %89)+P%9B8 A-0;H P%mBm -+ S%K- 4- Kx < 4%%$mBPp%92m/m 2 :-7:S p % ; 3 u k u % )P/B/m % AS-+< ) m % ) u +:-447 K :)-7-49 :)-;>4 )4 s%s K%P 4%486 A-m+%$m $%/mKN:-6/4: :%767 4%:0:% [%)+ 4-4>: :%;34 P822):-608 : - u ; 7 4-:70 ~k ; - m-m)+8 :-;14 K%F A % K u 4-:6;44) =B%$ 4 % K u % b A%~f-m B%/m+)+:-697 :-944 4-:;+ 4) [%6 $%mmm-+ :-;7-}- B%/m9N:-666 :-980 4%44: I-; 4%466 :-=%+9p mDS)+: % ; : u :%930-Q K 2 m u u 4K u ) QQ B u Q - u a a B u u 6 u Q K % + u A

9-()B%(+22)-h+-9)B%6-%&+7%:gP&)-h (B7->&B%(44%4+&B%9KB%Sf%m9%:9% ]9%8

(/ / / / / / / - / /

g k m d o u z T x mkmx% n ` u \ u u u mk S 2 u u K u u B uk)%}@e @e spm/ @e mkdc~kca gxkca ~x~xkca$ & ) o ) u^Bk) c% C% CA2m cpd~xa n`s~kmdckae`s spc`skwds%@e `s~` mktpkna n`s~kmdna s` n`~`xoed `m eo`xa n` cè~o`~xascphkcds n` sasd E 4: tp` fdcè gdm~d zdxd e`p~xdmkrdxma< d `s~` eo`xa n` cè~o`~xas chkcas s` m` ddn` sp nckod zdx~`- { cae $as cè~o`~xas chkcas n` sasd dm nckoa x`spm~de~`s s` n`~`xoked md dckn`rzax md ~dhmd KW- zp`s~a tp` fòas az`xdna cae 4: c% c% n` wkea%

Md dcn`r wam~km s` `vzx`sdx- è u a ham`~ke`s n` demksks- è ckna dc~kca- cae ped n`ckodm%

WK%/N@^@XOKEDCKE N@ MDS OD^@XKDS OKE@XDM@S4%( O~ana zax eckeOdcge%/Ckecpè~d cè~o`~xas chkcas n`

wkea camacdnas è ped czspmd n` zmd~kea n` gaena zmdea s` zaese d`wdzaxdx dm hda odxd< s` cdxhaekrd ` x`sknpa sahx` ped z`tp`d


31/87

mmdod fds~d tp` ea n`szxènd wdzax`s- `wk~den` `m cdmè~dx nòdsdna gp`x~` zdxe tp` ea fd{d zxnknds zax zxa{`ccke% S` ke ~xanpc` 4)4czspmd è pe faxea n` opgmd { s` kecke`xd d ~òz`xd~pxd ea spz`xkax dm xaba edckè~`< cpdena md kecke`xdcke `s ccozm`~d s` n`b%k ègxkdx md czspmd è pe n`s`cdnax- s` z`sd xzkndoè~` {% n`npc`%kna md ~dxd- `m x`spm~dna- opm~kzmkcdna zax 8:% ndx md zxazaxcke n`cèkrds zax mk~xa%

Sk md kecke`xdcke s` fdc` cae nkgkcpm~dn- s` fpo`n`cè mds cèkrds de cdxhaeasds cae dmipeas cè~o`~xas chkcas n` dipd n`s~kmdnd< s` n`s`cd { s` cdmkè~d n` ep`wa dm xaba edckè~`- zpnkèna x`z`~kxs` `s~d az`xdcke fds~d md n`sdzdxkcke caozm`~d n`m x`sknpa cdxhaeasa% @m z`sa n` mds cèkrds s` `vzx`sdx è mas ham`~ke`s- dzxavkodna- cae nas n`ckodm`s%

8 O~ana `m`c~xatpokca n` Np~ak~ `~ Npa/2-px n%m% @s op{ x/zkna { spcè~òè~` `vdc~a- è iè`xdm- zdxd òzm`dxma ped w`rn`~`xokednd md caenpc~khkmkndn `mc~xkcd `sz`ckgkcd n`m wkea d 80- [caeackna sp ixdna n` dmcafam s` dzmkcdx md gxopmd

8:+

è md cpdm2` Cde~kndn n` od~`xkds oke`xdm`s è ixdoas zax mk~xao Caenpc~khkmkndn `sz`ckgkcd n`m wkea d 80(%e% Ca`gkckè~` n` caxx`ccke- wdx~dem` cae o%D Dkcceam- è wampoè zax 4::%Mas wdmax`s n` e wkèè ndnas zax md skipkè~` ~dhmd2

Cpdena Ke V 4:0 `s~ caozxènkna è~x` e ?480/4>;%% 340:49> ( - (( ) % % ( % % - % g+49(244;;%%%%%%%%% t8::/884%- - % % - - - % % - % % % 4888)k/8Wb% ) ( - % ) - -%%%%%%%%%% 4?-8(24:/894% - - - - m%% % % % % % % 87(8-+3>mB%% % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % u 3)A/39> - % % % % % % % % % % )( )+%K+9)+/3;Cm% % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % 36>::/>8> - % % >8>8 )+ />>;% % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % >7>0:>9> ) - ( % % % % % % % % % % % % % 0:

&4+ Zdxd md ~cekcd n` x`s~` o~ana wds` md ahxd |%)dee%m)B` n` ) (ke`dzdx wamp/e`~xw` Z } b 4 7 ~ a c f k o k utp`% n` OO% Np!ap `~mBphap%M Mdpsdee`- 4;48%


32/87

K

WKK% //@^@XOKEDCKE N@ MAS SPMGDÂSO`~c~kc2 dzxavkodna g k bdena mok~`s odm!a2 a o-èax tp` pe ixd

oa { od{ax c+ oèax tp` nas ixdoas zax m k ~ xam % /@e pe ~pha n` èsd{a s` zaeè 4: c% c% n` wkea { s` ddnè pea a nas cè~ko`~xas chkcas n` mtpkna imzsao~xkca `sz`ckdm &cp{d zx`zdxdcke s` kenkcd è`m sk~ka caxx`szaenè~` x- sìe s` tpk`xd n`~`xokedx `m zxko`xa a sìpena mok~`< s` dik~d { s` gkm~xd sahx` pe z`tpà òhpna- x`caikèna `m m ktpkna gkm~xdna è a~xa ~pha n` èsd{a { x`zk~kèna md gkm~xdcke fds~d tp` `m mktpkna x`caikna x`spm~` caozm`~doè~` hxkmmde~`%

D `s~` mtpkna s` ddnè pe zdx n` ia~ds n` mkcax izsao~x~ca2 sk`m Ktpknw ea s` è~pxhkd- dpe n`szps n` dik~dxmd cde~kndn n` spmgd/~as n`m oksoa s`x keg`xkax a d 4: os kipdm dm mok~` tp` S` kew`s~kid< sk s` zxanpc` è~pxhdoè~a- ~d cde~kndn n` spmgd~as s`x spz`xkax d nkcfa mkok~`%

O~ana ixdwko~xkca%//Ckecpè~d cè~o`~xas chkcas n` wkea dcnpmdna cae pe cè~o`~xa chkca n` ckna cmaxfnxmca { camacdnas èpe wdsa n` Hafòkd s` cdmkè~d sahx` ped ~`md o`~mkcd< cpdena `s/~e è `hpmm%ce- s` ddnè ckeca cè~ko`~xas chkcas n` ped sampcke n` cmaxpxa hxmca d 4: zax 4:: &cde~kndn- è iè`xdm- spgkckè~`zdxd zx`ckzk~dx ~anas mas spmgd~as+< s` n`bd f`xw kx npxde~` dmipeaskes~de~`s { x`zasdx n`szps è cdmkè~` cpd~xa a `%eà faxds%

S x`cai` `m zx`ckzk~dna n` spmgd~a n` hdxk~d sahx` pe gkm~xa n`cèkrds caeacknds { 2kC mdwd x`z`~knds w`c`s cae dipd cdmkè~` fds~dtp` mds dipds n` mdwdna ea s` è~pxhkè cae `m ek~xd~a n` zmd~d%

S` n`s`cde gkm~xa { zx`ckzk~dna- { mpìa s` cdmckede ` kecke`xdeè ped czspmd a cxksam n` zmd~kea%S` fpo`n`c` `( cce~cena n` md czspmd cae pe zaca n` ckna spmgxkca- s` n`bd `wdzaxdx s~` {- cdmckedena mki`xdoè~c)% s` $L)Sd- n`szps na n`bdx ègxkdx md czspmd è pe n`s`cdnax%

@m z`sa n` spmgd~a n` hdxk~d- opm~kzmkcdna zax 4>-;>- ndx md cde~kndn n` spmgd~a zax mk~xa `vzx`sdna è spmgd~a za~skca%Mas spmgd~as s` `vzx`sdxe è `m ham`~ke n` demksks cae ped n`ckodm%O~ana `m`c~xatpokca%/S` camacde 0: c% c% n` wkea è `m wdsa

`m`c~xamk~kca { s` caes~xp{` md ixgkcd- x`spm~dena n` mds dnkckae`s spc`skwds n` cde~kndn`s caeacknds n` ped sampcke n` fknxd~a n` hdxk~d E%%>%

@m eo`xa n` cè~o`~xas chkcas n` hdxk~d ids~dnas fds ~d fdm mdx`m oekopo n` md ixgkcd- opm~kzmkcdna zax :->30- ndx md cde~kndnn` spmgd~as- `vzx`sdnas è ixdoas n` spmgd~a za~skca zax mk~xa%Zdxd md ~cekcd n` `s~` o~ana wds` md ahxd m!ded!{s` ~k`s wkeszdx ea~pxe`~xk2 zf{scacfo%tp`- n` OO% Np~ak~ { Nphapv% Mdpsde/e`- 4;48%


33/87

? 33 ?WKKm %// N@^@XOKEDcxE N@ MDS OD^@XKDS X@NPCÂXDS

@e a`~`xxe~edcao`s `vdc~ds n`h`x fdc`xs` md n`~`xokedcke n`mdrcdx x`npc~ax zax `m o~ana ixdwko~xkcc2 ~2m wampo~xkca s` òzm`dx samdoè~` è n`~`xokedckae`s dzxavkodnds a zdxd èsd{aszx`wkas%

O`kana ixdwko~xkca%/>4+ Zx`zdxdckae n`k akea- / / S` ~aode 4::cè~o`~xas ch%cas n` wkea { s` e`p~xdprde `vdc~doè~` cae pedsampcke n` sasd cps~kcd< s` `wdzaxd `m mktpkna fds~d x`npckx sp wampoè dm ~`xcka n`m zxkok~kwa< s` ~xdswdsd `m x`snpa d pe od~xdr cdmkhxdna n` 4:: c% c%< s` n`bd ègxkdx { s` caozm`~d `m wampoè fds~d 4::cè~o`~xas chkcas cae dipd n`s~mdnd2 s` ddnè 4: c% c% n` sphdc`~d~a n` zmaoa { s` gkm~xd sahx` gkm~xa s`ca% D 6: c% c% n`m m ktpkna gkm~xdna s` ddnè 9-3 c% c% n` ped sampcke sd~pxdnd &d 8: C% n` ~òz`xd~pxd+ n` spmgd~a n` sana- zdxd zx`ckzk~dx `m `vc`sa n` zmaoa- { s` dik~dx { s` g km ~xdx% @s~` $tpkna gkm~xdna `s `m tp` s` òzm`dx zdxd mdcc~`xokedcke n`m drcdx< z`xa caoa cae mds az`xdckae`s de~`xkax`s`m wampoè n`m wkea fd dpoè~dna è pe tpke~a- fdhx tp` ~è`xmaè cpè~d dm fdc`x `m cmcpma n` $d cde~kndn n` drcdx tp` nkcfa wkeacae~kè`%

h N`~`xokedcke n`m drcdx%/@m wkea ea n`h` cae~è`x zdxd`s~d n`~`xokedcke os n` pe ixdoa n` drcdx è 4:: c% c%< n`h`-zp`s- fdc`xs` pe èsd{a zx`wka zax `m o~ana wampo~xkca &tp` dhdba s` n`scxkh`+- zdxd n`~`xokedx dzxavkodndoè~` md cde~kndn n`drcdx< sk `s ~d cde~ kndn gp`s` spz`xkax d md gkbdnd de~`xkaxoè~`% s`nkmpkx cae dipd n`s~mdnd `m wkea n`camaxdna- sìe dm- è md zxazaxcke caewèkè~`- zdxd tp` `m ~de~a zdx ckè~a n` drcdx ea zds`n`m mkok~` s`dmdna%S` zèè è ped czspmd n` zaxc`mded 0: c% c% n` mtpkna G`fmei&wds` md zx`zdxdcke n` `s~` mtpkna è `m sk~ka caxx`szaenkè~`+ { 80cè~o`~xas chkcas n` dipd n`s~mdnd- s` fdC` f`xwkx- { cpdena `s~`m Ktpna è zmè2d `hpmmkcke s` ddnè 80 c% c% n`m wkea zx`zdxdnacaoa s%` fd ncf2 s` ode~kè` md `hpmmkce npxde~` nas okep~as`vdc~doè~` { s` gkm~xd è cdmkè~` sahx` dokde~a è pe cxksam nÌaacf A è pe ~pha n` Dm$kfe zx`wkdoè~` ~dxdnas< s` mdwd spc`skwdoè~` `m- zx`ckzk~dna cae dipd n`s ~k mdnd fkxwkèna- cae dmcafam {cae ~`x- { s` avknd `m zx`ckzk~dna n` avknpma n` cahx`- cdmè~enamadm xaba saohxd è ped caxxkè~` n` dkx`< s` ah~kè` `m vkna n` cahx`gAxodna z`sdena `m cxsam a ~pha- { n`npckèna n` `s~` z`sa md ~dxdde~`xkaxoè~` fdmmdnd< `m z`sa n`m vkna n` cahx` gaxodna- opm~kzmkcdna zax `m ca`gkckè~` :%9;;- eas ndx `m cahx` `vks~è~` è nkcfa vk/na- { s` hpscdx md cde~kndn n` drcdx x`npc~ax tp` caxx`szaen` dmz`sa n` cahx` fdmmdna è md ~dhmd WK- tp` os dhdba s` caesied% &Zikeds >: { >4-+


34/87

^dhmd WK zdx % md n`~`xokedcke n` mds od)%Dr=)dx K Cahx` Drcdx-4x` npc~ax 2$ x`npc~ax

$! i % 44 %4&-!- O$B-$K&:%9 K&&b $)/m)$-8$B4%8 49: 6&4-9&+4%9 494 $BA-)&n-)< 49> ;4-T~n-]+ 49(- ;8->OD 497 ;3-P7>%; 499 &43-)4&)}-0 496 ;>-477-: 49; ;>-7&-)+ 46: ;0-879-4 464 4+)+%94%49%7 468 ;7-876-4 463 ;7-676-9 46> ;9-37;-8 460 ;9-67;-9 46~+ ;6->9:-2B 469 ;;-:9:%3 466 4+4+%22)

%4 (

444%44) K uK M`}K=m4p4844 ) + ) +48448>48)+484+48948648;43:43443843343>B)])+4

Cahx`)chx` D2xC34(x`npc~ax%K g -% - / + -

g+ ) + +)-)+e k 4 ) $ - u&4)- gP&-&- e-64+9 % u )+9%69)+ )46-397 36-699 E%396 )E%69mB >:->6: >:%664 >4-368 %4%6

44%4K]%f-:4>%/)54(-%:4)4%)+7

D 9 % ~ u 2 % - %xx/np c~ax

KP]4428_ +m4)5B749464;8:848882+8>8)+8789868mm

%44

Caf-%%%

mA 4 %: 63 >8-3 >8-6 439 94-; 4[A 4::-738 49-: 62< >3-> _36 98-> [K BAK-833 49-0 67 >3-; 43; 98-; 4;8 4:4-93> 46-: 69 >>-> 4>: 93-0 4;3 4:8-32B)} 46-(5 66 >>-; 4>4 9>-: 4;> 4:8-;37 46-; 6; >0-> 4>8 9>-0 4;)4 4:3%>39 4;-> T&+ >7-T 4>3 90%4 4T7 4:>-:36 4;-; )BK /m9D 4>> 90%7 4;9 4:>-73; 8:-> ;8 >9-; 4>)+ 97%4 4;6 4:0-4>: 8:%; ;3 >6-> 4>7 97-9 4;; 4:0-9>4 84-> ;> >6-; 4>9 99-8 8:: B:7-3>8 84-; ;0 >;-0 4>6 99-6 8:4 4:7-6/~3 88-> ;45 0:-: 4>; 96-3 8:8 4:9->>> 88-; ;9 )BA-)B 40: 96-; 8:)4 4:9-;>0 832> ;6 04-4

K404 9;%> 8:> ~:6-9>7 83%; ;; 04-7 408 6:-: 8:0 4:;-4

>9 8>-> 4:: 08-4 403 6:-0 8:7 4:;-7>6 8>-; 4:4 08-9 40> 64-: 8:9 44:-8>; 80-> $ 4:8 )43-8 400 64%7 8:6 44:-60: 80-; 4:3 03-9 407 68-4 8:; 444-304 87-> 4:> 0>-3 409 68-9 84: 444-;08 87-; 4:0 0>%6 406 63-8 844 448-003 89-> mAA 2 89-; k)% 4:9 00-; 47: 6>%3 843 443-700 86-> 4:6 07-> 474 6>-6 84> 44>-807 86%3 -2 4:; 07-; 478 60-> 840 44>-9 %09 8; 67-0 k 849440-6

0; 3:-6 448 )46-0 470 69-: 846 447->7: 3:-3\4

443 0;%4 477 69-7 K 84; 449-:74 34-6 44> 0;-7 479 66!4m%

88: Bm9-078 34-64K

440 7:-4 476 66-7 884 446-4/ / %%/ // %///


35/87

%s x`npc~axds zax `Q o~ana ixdwko~xmca%Dr cd xx` npc ~a x Cam%x ` Drpcc xx `n pc~ax

K} - %

)+4:2$ 4m%m+2$ 4 m%) 4 --6 8]&K-S88; 488-&+ % 868 4)+3%4 H-+ 46/4%9 (S6 849-/4K

423: % 483%4 ( 8S)- 4)4-3-9 2})+K+ 46)+%/4 )4S~+ 84S-A834 483-944

86> 40>%)k4K 339 467-: )EA 846-9838 48>-3 86(5 4)B>%[ -4 336 - 467% )E K 84:-[ 867 40)+-)+

4K33; 469%8 +&+8 8K4K%m+

83> 480-)+ 869 4)+4+%4 )B%F+ 469%6 ) - m + b ea-)+8230 487-: 44 866 K)B%9 )4 3/m4 466D )+m+%~ 884%8837 48%7 8S~+ 409-8 24 3>8 46;%: K 3;)+ )384-6839 - 489%8 8]4: 409-6 )3>)3 46;-xB )EK+ 888%/4836 489%6 8;4 4)+6%/4 -4 3>> 4;:%8 3;9 883-4834+ 486%2- 8:8 _)+mK%P - )3>)+ 4;:%6 3;6 883-98>: 486%; 8t+ m)+t-7 mkm )3>7 4;4-> 3;; em%3844 48;-(5 8[> 47:%8 3>9 4;8%: % >aa 88>%;8 u 43:-: 8[0 47:%6 3>6 4;8%7 /mA4 88)B-98>)- 43:%7 8;7 474%> 3>; 4;3-8 /m:8 8 8 7 - u8>> 434-8 8[9 478%: m) 30: 4;3%6 u A ) 3 889%4-48>)+ 434-6 8;6 478-7(

)2])BK 4;/4%/m -Y/K 889-68>&+ K _)+8-3 8;; 47)--8 )+)+)8 mmB-+-A /m:0 886-78/m9 438-; 2mAA 4 4s%s 3)+< K[)B% /mA 88;38>6 433-)24 3:4 mO-> 30/m 4;7-8 >:9 83:-:8>mB 43>-: 3:8 470-: 300 2 4;7%6 >:6 83:-980: 43>-7 3:3 470-7 307 - 4;9-> >:; 834->804 430%8 3:> 477-8 309 4;6-: >4: 838-4808 KG4%6 )k:0 477-6 3)56 4;6%7 >44 838-6803 4)3:-2+ 3:: - 479-3 30[ 4;mB-8 >48 833-0k80>K

437-[ 3P9 479%[ 37: 4;;-6 >43 83>-3800 439-0 3:6 476-0 374 8::-> >4> 830-:807 436-4 3:; 47;-4 378 8:4-4 >40 830-9809 436-7 34: 47;-9 373 8:4-9 >47 837->806 43;-8 344 49:-3 37> 8:8-3 >49 839-48044 43;-6 348 49:-; 370 8:3-: >46 839-687P 4>:-> 343 494-0 377 8:3%7 >4; 836-0u x 7 4 4>:-; 34> 498-4 379 8:>%8 >8: 83;%8PB8 - 4>4-0 340 K 498%9 376 8:>-6 >84 83;-;83 4>8-4 347 $ 493%3 37[ 8:0-)4 >88 8>:-787> 4>8-9 349 493-; 39: 8:7-4 >83 8>4-3870 4>3-8 346 49>-0 394 8:7%9 >8> 8>8-:877 4>3-6 34; 490-4 398 8:9-3 >80 8>8-9879 4>>-> 38: 490-7 393 8:6-: >87 8>3->876 4>>-; 384 497%8 39> 8:6-7 >89 8>>-487; 4>0-0 388 497-6 390 8:;-8 >86 8>>-;89: 4>7-4 383 499-> 397 8:;-; >8; 8>0-7894 4>7-9 38> 496-: 399 84:-0 >3: 8>7-3898 4>9-8 380 496-7 396 844-4 >34 8>9-:893 4>9-6 387 49;-8 39; 844-9 >38 8>9-989> 4>6-> 389 49;-6 36: K 848->KK


36/87

@s~d cde ~~/Kdn n` drcdx `S md tp` `vks~` `e mas 80 c% c% n`m mktpkna)mB)z2)-np2 v%


37/87

/ 39 ?pe `v~xòa< s` xednxde 4: c% c% n` ped sampcke d~cdxed% s` c`xxdx`m ~pha a ha~`mmd- s` dik~dx `m mktpkna- kewkx ~kenama cpd Kxd a ckecaw`c`s- { 22` n`bdx è x`zasa npxde~` tpkec` okep~as- u m cdh a n` mascpdm`s s` ednxe ckeca cè~o`~xas chkcas n` ped sampckae C` cknaspmgxkca { pe zaca n` sampcke n` èixpna n` dmxekn e%

Keo`nkd~doè~` s` w`x~`x sahx` `m wkea- n` cè~o`~xa cphkca ècè~o`~xa chkca zxko`xa- { mpìa ia~d d dc~d- ped sampcke n`{ana E!mA- fds~d tp` z`xsks~d md camaxdcke drpm a wkamdnd zxanpckndzax {anpxa n` dmokne- zxacpxdena d u 2 m n 8 % 42p`wd dnkcke c`xxdx `m~pha { dik~dxma- ewx~enama nas a ~x`s w`c`s%

@m eo`xa n` cè~o`~xas chkcas n` mktpkna n` kAna òzm`dnas-opm~kzmkcdna zax `$ gdc~ax 38- ndx- è ommkixpoas zax mk~xa% `m defnxkna spmgpxasa ~a~dm cae~èkna è `m wkea%

Zdxd md zx`zdxdcke n` mas x`dc~kwas kenkcdnas- wds` `m mpidx caxx`szaenkè~`%% O~anB `vdc~a%/6` dzmkcdx cpdena s` x`tpk`xd ixde zx`ckske èmd n`~`xoedce a cpdena md cde~kndn fdmmdnd è `m èsd{a wampo~xkca zp`nd kenpckx d npnds x`sz`c~a d sk s` fdmmd zax èckod a n`hdba n`m mkok~` dnok~kna zax mds m`{`s%

N`h`x dzmkcdxs` skòzx` z-=xd mas wecs ~ke~as%@m o~ana d sìpkx s`x `m n` Fdds%S` zx`zdxdx pe dzdxd~a n`s~md~ax~a caozp`s~a n` pe od~xdr n`

peas >:: c% c%- c`xxdna zax pe ~dze n` cdpcfa d~xdw`sdna zax ~x`s ~phas `m` wknxka% pea n` `mmas Tp` mmìdx fds~d `m gaena n`m od~xdr- 45`4)/o~kène md caopekcdcke d wampe~dn &o`nkde~` `szk~d a zkerd+ caepe dzdxd~a zxanpc~ax n` ids cdxhekca< `m sìpena ~pha s`x pe~pha òhpna- c`xxdna cae pe ~dze n` cdpcfa- { `m ~`xc`xa s`x skozmòè~` n` n`szxèn~o~è~a- è caopekcdcke cae pe x`gxki`xde~`-è cp{d zdx~` ~`xokedm n`m s`xzè~e s` dndz~dx pe ~pha n` dhsaxcke- cp{d `v~xòkndn dgkmdnd S: ke~xanpckx è pe od~xdr n` 80: c% c%fd :4 d ~acdx `m gaena%s` òz`rdx zax `vzpmsdx dm dkx` n`m dzdxd~a o`nkde~` ped caxxkè~` n` ids cdxhekca- mpìa s` ke~xanpckx è `m od~xdr ped sampcke n` {ana E!0: è cde~kndn dmia spz`xkax d md tp` `m èsd{a wampo~xkca zx`mkokedx fd{d kenkcdna s`x e`c`sdxkd- hds ~dena è iè`xdmpeas 0: c% c%< sìpkndoè~` s` w`x~`x zax `m ~pha òhpna 4:: c% c% n`wkea o`nknas cae ped zkz`~d- { n`szps ckeca cè~o`~xas chkcas n`ckna gasgxkca sxpzasa- c`xxdena gkedmoè~` nkcfa ~pha òhpna%

S` cdmè~dx dm zxazka ~kòza tp` s` fdx zdsdx ped nhkm ca/


38/87

2%// 3( ?

92~$ %

xxè~` n` u d cdxheca { s` mm`wdx md n `s~mdce fds~d x`npccked md ok~dn n`m wampoè n`m wkea% @m ckna spmgpxasa zdsd cae `m n`s~kmdna% s kèna avkndna zax `m kaxa { ~xdesgaxodna è ckn)B spmgxkcd% Sk npxde~` md n`s~kmdce `m Ktpkna n`m od~xdr tp`nds` cdsk n`camaxdna% keo`nkd~doè~` s` ddnkx ped cde~kndn $4mm4nèckdm n` sa/mpcke n` kana%S` n`sdmabdx- zax spdw` `hpmmkcke- `m `vc`sa n` kana n`m cae~èkna n`m od~xdr- s` dcknpmdx cae ckna cmaxfknx~ca- zx`ckzk~dx zax`m cmaxpxa axca- gkm~xdx% Kdwdxd cdmckedx { z`sdx% Opm~kzmkcdena`m z`sa e`~a zax 8%9>00- S` ~%ènxd- è ix dxpps zax Km~xa `m eefknxmnaspm~pxcsa ~a~dm% @s~d c~xd n`h`x kenkcdxs` &o Bas ham`~e`s è ixd/ods cae ~x`s n`ckodm`s%

V%/N@x@XOKEDCKE N@M IDS SPMGPXASA MKHX@% O~a~k 2 dpxavkodda a zx`m~okedx%/@s p~kmkrdhm` ekcdoè~` z24$)2%]mas wkeas hmdecas { xasdnas- { s` dzmmcdx s~`xezx` tp` ea s` x`tpk`xdkko zx`ckske a s` sasz`cf` tp` md cde~kndn n` ids spmgpxasa ea `s~

u p zxvkod d 4:43 mok~`s dnok~knas%S` o`n~xse 0: c% c% n` wkea { s` ke~xanpckxe è pe od~ xdr n` cp`mma m e x u a n` peas 4:: c% c% n` cdzdckndn- zxacpxdena ode~è`x md `v~x`xeknpn nx/ md zkzg)~d c`xcd n`m gaena% n` ode`xd tp` ea ):&) Z2CcBKmRC4dkx`dcke n`m wkea% S` ddnkxe mA c% c% n` ped sampcke n` ckna spmgxkca &ah~èknd o`rcmdena pe wampoè n` ckna cae nas n` dipd+ {4: 48 ia~ds n` ped sampcke n` dmokne%

Keo`nkd~doè~` s` w`x~`x sahx` `m wkea% ia~d d ia~d% ped sampcken` kana E 0:- fds~d tp` md camaxdcke dRmKK a wkam`~d B])mmapc]nN zax `m{anpxa n` dmokne z`xsks~d npxde~` dmipeas kes~de~`s Kpìa n` fdh`x dik~dna `m mktpkna cpd~xa a ckeca w`c`s%

@s~d n`~`xokedcke n`h` mm`wdxs` ma os K zkndoè~` zaskhm`%@m eo`xa n` cè~o`~xas chkcas n` mtpna n` kana òzm`dnas-op~zmcdna zax `m gdc~ax 48-6- ndx- è okmkixdoas zax mk~xa- `m defnxkna spmgpxasa mkhx` cae~èkna è `m wkea%

O~ana `vdc~a%/S` dzmkcdx cpdena s` x`tpk`xd ixde zx`ckskeè md n`~`xoedc~e a cpdena md ckgxd fdmmdnd è `m zx`mkokedx s`fdmm` op{ c`xcd a è m4ok~` n` md nasks dnoK~knd zax mds mm2${`s% N`h`x dzmkcdxs` skòzx` zdxd mas wkeas ~ke~as%S` n`~`xokedx- zax pe zxko`x èsd{a- `m defnxkna spmgpxasa ~a~dm zax `m o~ana n` Fdds- tp` de~`s s` fd n`scxk~a< zax pe sìpena èsd{a cae `m oksoa dzdxd~a- z`xa dzmkcdena `m o~ana Od~fk`p


39/87

{ HkmKae% F ) fd m~dx `m caohkedna% Md nk~`x`pc~d è~x` mas nas èsd{asndxd `m defnxkna spmgpxasa mkhx`%

@m eef knxkna spmxpxcsa caohkedna s` n`~g)eeked2)2 )~- sìe nkcfao~ana% {d nkx`c~doè~` è `m Ktpmna n`s~kmdn B- {d zax nkg`xècdè `m x`sknpa n` md n`s~kmdcke% S)2 az`xdx n`m oana skipkè~`2scpk~xanpcxde è pe od~xdr n` Feas 80: c% c% 3: >: c% c% n` mdsampcke n` kana E!0:% cp{a od~xdr s` camacdx n`hd~a n`m ~pha n`hamd a n` dhsaxcke n ` dzdxd~a- n` gaxod Tp` sp `v~ xòa dgkmdna tp`n` spo`xikna è md sampcke n` {ana< s` ndx zdsa d md caxxkè~` n`

defnxkna cdxhekca npxde~` dmipeas okep~as- zdxd tp` tp`n` `vzpmsdna ~ana `m dx` n`m dzdxd~a { ea zp`nd dc~pdx sahx` `m ids spmgpxasa n`m wkea avknenama%

Okè~xds npxd `(~d az`xdcke zx`mkokedx s` o`nkxe 4: c% c% n u ] + -wkea d èsd{dx- s` ke~xanpckxe è pe z`tpà od~xdr- S` d g k d n k x udipeds ia~ds n` èixpna n` dmokne { s` n`bdx cd`x n` ped h P % d - ~ ) %md sampcke n` kana E!0: fds~d tpd dzdx`rcd op{ e`~doè~` md u / %%mcxdce drpm- ea k%xezax~dena tp` s` zds` n`m mok~`% S`d e `m e `/ xa n` cè~o`~xas chkcas ids~dnas% ) %%

S` ~aodxe 4:: c% c% n` wkea { s` Ke~xanpckxe è `m hdme a od/ (%~xdr n`m dzdxd~` zax `m ~pha/òhpna% s` dedn~xde nas cè~o`~xaschkcas n` ckna `maxf~nxca2 u p ` i a 4: V e n` mtpkna n` kana- { dmcdha n` dmipeas okep~as- 4: V e n` md sampcke n` dxsèk~a n` sanka &wds` è sp mpidx caxx`szaenkè~` md zx`zdxdcke n` `s~` mktpkna+%Keo`nkd~doè~` s` c`xxdx `m ~pha/òhpna%S` n`bdx dc~pdx `m dxsèk~a npxde~` dmipeas okep~as { s` n`s~kmdxfds~d x`npckx d ped ok~dn ` wampoè ~a~dm% S` c`sdx n` cdmè~dx &è`s~` oaoè~a s` ~aodxe zx`cdpckae`s zdxd `wk~dx md dhsaxcke n`mmktpkna n`m od~xdr+- { s` x`~kxdx `m od~xdr bpe~a cae `m ~pha n` dhsaxcke- `m cpdm S` mdwdx cae dipd n`s~kmdnd% pdnènc mds dipds n`mdwdna dm u t p k n a n`s~kmdna%Sahx` `m zxanpc~a n`s~kmdna s` n`~`xokedxe mas spmgd~as zax `mo~ana cmskca ixdwo~x~ca dm `s~dna n` spmgd~a hxkca- n`szps n`fdh`x n`sdmadna zx`wkdoè~` `m {ana è `vc`sa zax `hpmm kcke spdw`@m z`sa n`m spmgd~a- opm~kzmkcdna zax 8-9>00- nd è ixdoas zaxmk~xa `m z`sa n` defnxkna spmgpxasa caohkedna%Caoa caozxahdcke n` `s~` x`spm~dna- s` n`~`xokedxe mas spmgd~as è ` x`sknpa n` md n`s~kmdcke n`m ids spmgpxasa ~a~dm &o~anan` Fdds+ - ma tp` eas ndx `m z`sa n` m`s spmgd~as `vks~è~`s è `m wkea 4 ?Sk dmipea n` mas ~x`s èsd{as de~`xkax`s nd x`spm~dnas nkg`xè~`sd u a Kenkcenas- n`h`x n`npckxs` md `vks~èckd n` od~`x~d camaxde~`

ea ed~pxdm è `m wkea dedmkrdna%Zdxd md kew`s~kidcke n`m cdxdo`ma- wds` os dn`mde~`%VKm % /N@^@XOKEDCKE N@M CKNA ^X^XKCd Â^DM

O~ana Zds~`px/X`hammm%/ôès` 0: c% c% n` wkea { dnce`s`m`snas cè~ko`~xas chkcas n` ped SAmpcke n` hxaopxa za~skca- skèna`wdzaxdnas n`szps fds~d caesks~èckd n` bdxdh`- n` ped gmpkn`r ~dm-tp` z`xok~d md zx`ckzk~dcke n` mas cxks~dm`s wampokeasas n` cxoaxtp` s` gaxodxe%Md czspmd `s è sìpknd cphk`x~d { caes`xwdnd cpd~xa a ckecands è macdm gx`sca%

Zdsdna `s~` ~kòza- s` zxac`n`x d `g`c~pdx ~x`s a cpd~xa mdwdnas-cae 4: 40 c% c% cdnd pea- cae ped sampcke dmcafcd d >0(- sd~pxdndn` h~dx~xd~a- { s` n`~`xoked- zx`wkd nksampcke è cdmkè~`- md dckn`r n` nkcfas cxks~dm`s zax o`nka n` mktpkna n` sasd% nckoa eaxodm 6%:-0 c% c% n` ped sampcke sd~pxdnd n` dc`~d~a n` pxdema { ;: c% c% n`dmcafam%S` caes~xpkx md ixgcd caxx`szaxknè~` òzm`dena md hdxk~d E!>%Md cde~kndn n` ckna ~x~xkcd ~a~dm- zax mk~xa- s` ah~ènx zdx mdgxopmd v ? &d V 33-3 / e+ :-:4690-è md tp` d x`zx`sè~d `m eo`xa n` cè~o`~xas chkcas n` x`dc~kwacaespoknas fds~d `m zpe~a skeipmdx- { e- `m eo`xa n` cè~o`~xaschkcas zax mk~xa tp` caxx`szaenè d mas spmgd~as n`m wkea% n`~`xokednas zx`wkdoè~` zax wd `m`c~xatpfekcd cae ` osoe x`dc~kwa%Caesm~`s`- zdxd md ~cekcd ae`xd~axd n` `s~` o~ana- md ahxdwd ck~dnd n` OO% Np~ek~ { N`hapv%


42/87

VPm N@^@XOKEDCKE N@ MD ZA^DSD Â^DMZei2P4S& 8: c% c% n` wkea &44 pe2)2 ha~x/Kmd cekcd %od~wdr n@) @2/$:e

oc{`x K n` gAmmn2+ ~+42mea% n` cdhknd 212mA c% c Dnds` pe cè~o`~xachkca nk) ped sapckae dm 4: ecx 4:&4 n` dcna 2 x~ xkca è dipd dmàeamkrdnd fds~d 8:( { >: c% c% n` ped o`rcma nc5 wa)oè`s kipdm`s n` ~`xKK 7:( [ n` dmcafam d ;:(2 di~`s` { nb`s` `m od~er è x`zasa npxde~` ~x`s nds d md ~òz`xd~pxd axnedxd%

^xdescpxxkna `s~` ~ ) xeza- n`cde~`s/ `m ftpkna tp` cae~kè` `m od~xdr sahx` pe gkm~xa ske zmk`wp`s { mw`s` s~` { `m gB%2%~xa cae ped z`tp`d cde~kndn n` md o`rcmd `~xà dmcafmkcd%Zdxd `mkokedx mds z`tp`ds cde~kndn`s n` ckna ~x~xkcd mkhx` tp`zp`nde tp`ndx è `m gkm~xa- wx~des` è mas haxn`s n` s~`- ia~d dia~d% dmcafam nc) ;0(- mpìa ke~xanrcds` `m zdz`m gkm~xa è `m od~xdr-dndes` >: c% c% n` dipd cdmkè~` zdxd nksamw`x `m zx`ckzk~dna n`h~dx~xd~a- Tp` `s~ dnf`xkna d mds $mdx`n`s n`2 od~xdr2 %ede~eipspeas Kes~de~`s 24 pe cdmax spdw`- { mpìa dpdps` ped sampcke dmccfmcd n` gèamg~dm`med dm 4 zax 4::% N`~`xokeds` md dckn`r cae pedsampcke n` sasd cps~kcd X)8:%N`m eo`xa n` cè~mo`~xas chkcas n` `s~d sampcke e`c`sdxkaszdxd ah~è`x u sd~pxdcke- opm~kzmkcdena zax :->9 { ddnkèna n`szps :-8% s` ah~ènx md cde~kndn n` hk~dx~xd~a caxx`szaenkè~` d mdza~dsd ~a~dm%

Zdxd cdmcpmdx s~d hds~dx opm~zmcdx zax `m ca`gkckè~` :-8;80@m x`spm~dnd s` `vzx`sdx è mas ham`~ke`s è ixdoas zax mk~xa-cae ped n`ckodm-VKW%/N@^@XOKEDCKE N@M CKNA MC^KCA

S` zxac`n`x cae dxxìma dm skipkè~` o~ana- tp` `s `m tp` s`skip` agkckdmoè~` è Spkrd2S` wk`x~` è ped czspmd n` zaxc`mded `m x`sknpa n` md n`~`xokedcke n` m`s cknas wam~km`s- sìe `m o~ana dmòe- { s` e`p~xdmrd `vdc~doè~` +


43/87

/F //~axd è ped zxaha~%d ixdnpdnd n` 4:: c% c%- zxawks~d n` pe ~dze n`wknxka- { sc %kdnk~ dmccfam fds~d nkcfd o`nknd% S` n`bdx x`zasdx {s` k~x x WK m òhpna cphk`x~a sahx` pe %~xa zmìdna { s`ca- S` `wdeaxdxe c)p %od czspmd n` zmd~kea K { n` szp - n` fph`x ddnkna pedzCtPCgF2 c%%e~~ndn n` dipd2 6: c% c% n`m mktpkna gkm~xdna- cdmckedena mpìa &)4 x`sknpa x`spm ~de~` s ke tp` s`d zx`ck/a mm`wdx md cdmcked ce fds~d tp` mds cèkrds s`de caozm`~doè~` hmdecds-

s n`~`xoked- u w m~kod- md dmcdfendn n` `s~ds cèkrds zax `mo~ana tp` sa kenkcdx os dn`mde~`% Pe cè~o`~xa chkca n` sasdcps~kcd caxx`szaen` d ;: oi% n` ckna mc~kca- n`hkèna ~`xkcxss cpkndna n` ea òzm`dx os tp` 6: c% c% n`m mktpkna gkm~xdna - caoa s` fdkenkcdna-

N8hc ~è`xs` è cpè~d Tp` cpdena s` ~xd~d n` pe wkea xkca 4 : ix- zax mk~xa%

Ped w`r caozxahdnd md `vks~èckd n` ckna c~x~ca è pe wkea% za/nx `wdmpdxs` dzxavkodndoè~` sp cpde~d $mdx o`nka n` èsd{as


44/87

? >> ?caozdxd~kwcs cae scmpcaex/s n` ckna ck~xkc` nc wdmax caeackna { caewke`s ed~pxdm`s demcwas dnkckaednas { ea dcmkcxaepnas n` nkcfa |m`kna%

V W K % u K E W @ S ^ K I D C K A E N@M DcKNC) AVMKCAS` sìpkx `m skipkè~` zxac`nkokè~a% tp` `/s `m dncx/~dna agkckdm

oè~` è Spkrd2^x~ès` 0: c% c% Ndx ped sampcke n` cmaxpxa cd~ccc u $+ax `m doaekdca cae `m ahb`~a n` zx`ckzk~dx mas avdmd~as { 2as gasgd~as% @m zx`ckzk~dna ah~èkna s` mdwd { s` nksp`mw` è ckna cmaxfnxmca nkmpkna


45/87

,0n` ~axedsam- { `m wkea n`h` ~kxdx dm dodxkmma ascpxa% Sk ea `s dmcdmkea-s` ddn mx xe dmipeds ia~ds n` doaedca% Md czspmd n` zaxc`mded s`zae` dm hda odxd% cae `m ahb`~a A` `wdzaxdx md od{ax zdx~` n`m Ktpnc2 `m dipd n`m hda odxkd- dm è~xdx è `hpmm~ce- sp wdzax hdd/x n~xcc~exex/e~` `m gaena n` md cespmd% { sk s` ~k`24` cpkndn%- n` cax~dxpe z`ca md mmdod n`m o`cf`xa- c`xxdena zdxckdmoè~` md mmdw` n`moksoa- md `hpmmkcke n`m d u p d s`x mè~d { zanx caes`xwdxs` opcfdsfaxds ske tp` `m ekw`m n`m dipd hdb` è md cdmn`xd n` ped ode`xdop{ sèskhm`- zpnkèna òzm`dxs` ~dohke zdxd caesìpkxma pe hdan` ekw`m caes~de~`%

Md `wdzaxdcke n`m wkea n`h`x s`x op{ mè~d { zanx dhdena/edxs` d s oksod- cae md zx`cdpcke n` dik~dx n` w`r è cpdena mdczspmd CA$4 pe oawkokè~a ckxcpmdx a ~xdesw`xsdm- zdxd `v~èn`x `mn`zsk~a% ma cpdm xdwax`c`x md az`xdcke% Cpdena `m wampoè n`m wkeas` fd{d x`npckna d oèas n` mas nas ~`xckas n`m zxkok~kwa- s` tpk~dxmd czspmd n`m hda/odxd- camacenamd sahx` pe sazax~`- èckod n`pe z`tpà o`cf`xa< S` x`òzmdrdx `m wkea `wdzaxdna cae dipdcdmkè~` { s` zaenx d f`xwkx% Md `hpmmkcke n`h` s`x op{ spdw%- { np/xdx pe okep~a pzxavkodnd2oè~`% @m mktpkna fkxwkèna n` u czspmd-cae sp zx`cmz~dna% 2-g) w`x~`xe sahx` pe gkm~xa- cae `m gke n` s`zdxdx`m zx`ckzk~dna n`m Ktpna- ~èkèna ixde cpkndna è x`cai`x ~ana `mcae~èkna n` md czspmd sahx` `m gkm~xa- Ped w`r tp` fd gkm~xdnmkmmtpkna- s` mdwd- cae pe cpdx~a n` mk~xa- zxvkodoè~`- n` drpdwkèna% `m zx`ckzk~dna n` ~ded~` n` ckec tp` Tp`n è `m ~xa Dd

Zxac`nkèna n` `s~d sp`x~` s` ~kè` md idxde~d n` fdh`x s`zd =y`m ~ded~a n` ckec n` 4:s cp`xzas `v~xdas Tp` ma kozpxkgkcdhde% z !

S` n`bd `scpxxk x `m ~m4~xa fds~d tp` `m zdz-`K `s~ sPgkc è~òè ) - $ % B#s`ca< zdxd sdcdxma% n`m òhpna s` m`wde~d cae cpkndna- { ske z`xn`x )ednd n`m cae~èkna- s` spo`xi` @e pe hacdm n` wknxka &n` pe wamp/oè spz`x kax d nas mk~xas+- è `m cpdm s` fdhx w`xx~%na zx`wkdoè~`%ped cdzd n` dipd n` dmipeas cè~o`~xas n` dm~pxd%

Dfaxd fdhx tp` s`zdxdx `m ~dekea n`m ckec- cae `m cpdm `s~ cao%%-hkedna< `s~d s`zdxdcke s` caeskip` zax o`nka n`m ckna spmgxkca


46/87

? >7 :2 %%22@m ckna spmgxkca n`scaozae` `m ~ded~` n` ckec { n`bd `m ~dekea

è mkh`x~dn% n` sp`x~` tp` nksamw`x m) m ~ded~` `vks~è~` è mds zd/x`n`s n` md czspmd%

S` w`x~`x è `m hacdm `m dio< n` md czspmd d cknpmdnd cae `m cknaspmgxkca- x`zk~kèna `m mdwdna wdxkds w`c`s- x`pekèna è `m hacdm~ands `s~ds dipds n`m mdwdna- dik~enamds ped w`r bpe~ds- dsk caoa ` gkm~xa- { cae `mma n`sdzdx`c`xe mds m~ kods ~xdrds n`m zx`ckzk~dna n`~ded~` n` ckec%

N` `s~d sp`x~` s` ~ènx è `m hacdm `m ~a~dm n` ~dekea tp` cae~`/ede maa cè~o`~xas chkcas n` wkea cae mas tp` s` fd{d az`xdna- dscaoa `m ckec n`m dc`~d~a n` ckec- `m cpdm tp`nd caoh)ednc cae `m ckna spmgxkca- z`xa ske `s~axhdx md az`xdcke tp` eas ke~`x`sd%

Zdxd n`~`xokedx dfaxd `m ~dekea- s` dcdhdx n` mmèdx `m hacdmcae dipd- fds~d pe ~xdra tp` s` odxtp` è m s`dmdena nas mk~xas-s` ddnxe 4: c% C% n` nksampcke n` kenkia~med- { s` cdxidx pedhpx`~d cae md nksampcke n` z`xodeided~a n` za~dsd%

Wkx~`s` ia~d d ia~d sahx` `m cae~èkna n`m hacdm `m mktpkna n` mdhpx`~d- dik~dena gp`x~òè~` ` mktpkna%

@m camax drpm nksokepkx zdpmd~kedoè~` n` ke~èskndn- wkxdena dw`xn`- { n`szps dm dodxkmma w`xnasa- {- zax gke- dm dodxkmma ske ~xdrdn` w`xn`%

@e `s~` kes~de~` s` ck`xxd md hpx`~d { s` m`` `4 eo`xa n` cè~/o`~xas chkcas n` sampcke n` z`xodeided~a tp` s` fd{d e`c`sk~dna%

S`d- zax `bòzma- 46-0 `s~` eo`xa n` cè~o`~xas `hKcas%W`doas dfaxd coa s` cdmcpmd `m z`sa n`m ~dekea cae~èkna è

`m woa2spzaeddoas tp` dm wdmaxdx md sampcke n` spmgaenia~ed n`m oanaCAA4a s` kenkcd è `m mpidx caxx`szaenkè~/`- s` ids~dxae 48-> c% c% n`md sampè n` z`xodeided~a zdxd ah~è`x `m camax dodxkmma< dfaxdh 2 skna e`c`sdxkas zdxd ah~è`x `s~` oksoa camax 47-0 `% A%- n` sp`x~`Tp` 47-0 / 48-4 ? >-4< s`xe mas cè~o`~xas chkàs n` z`xodeided~an`s~xpkna %ZA~ `m ~dekea n` mas cè~o`~xas chkcas n` wkea cae mast s` az`xa%

Sdhkèna dfaxd tp` cdnd `è~o`~xa chkca n` md sam~~`4e n` z`x/o k ~ i u K 4 d ~ a cae t)P` s` fd aZ`xdna &wds` sp zx`zdxdcke è `m mpidxu z A e n 4 ` e ~ ` + aaxx`szaen d pe okmkixdoa n` ~d~kmkma zpxa- >-4 s`/x~O4 ~as xkmkmmmk)oas n ~dekea cae~èknas è md cde~kndn /n` wkea 6:/Bk)~)~kn)a dm demkskS< z`xa àoa md ~xdesgaxodcke n`m ~dekea )è ~ded~an` ckec { sp zx`ckzk~dcke zax `m ckna sp~pxca ea sae caozm`~ds- {-


47/87

>9zax a~xd zdx~`- md samphkmkndn n`m ~ded~a n` ckec è `m dipd f%xwèna ea `s dhsamp~doè~` epmd- x`spm~d tp` `s zx`cksa opm~kzmkcdx mdckgxd ah~èknd zax `m ca`gkckè~` 4%:9 tp` mas d p~cx`s n`m o~ana fdecdmcpmdna zdxd caozèsdx nkcfds cdpsds Tg) `xxax cpden `m demkskss` `g`c~d sahx` pe z`sa n` 4: okmxixdocs n` ~dekea2 `s n`ckx- cpdena `m wampoè n` z`xodeided~a e`c`sdxka zdxd n`scaozae`x `m ~dekea s` `m`wd- dzxavkodndoè~`- d peas 4: `- c%% caoa fòas dnw`x~kna de~`xkaxoè~`%

X`spm~d% zp`s% tp` è `m `bòzma tp` fòas caeskn`xdna- è mascè~o`~xas chkcas n` wkea cae tp` s` fd{d az`xdna% `vks~kxe>%4 V 4-:9 ? >-369 oi% n` ~dekea- { opm~kzmkcdena `s~` x`spm~dna zax`m gdc~ax caewèè~`- s` ah~ènx md cpde~d caxx`szaenkè~` dm u k ~ x an` wkea%ZBx `bòzma2 sk fòas az`xdna sahx` 4: c% c% n` Ktpna- x`spm~dxtp` zax mk~xa n` wkea `vks~kxe >-369 V 4:: ?// >36 oi% ? :->36 s% n`~dekea { od~`xkds ds~xkeiè~`s% zp`s fd{ tp` ~è`x è cpè~d Tp` `s~ò~ana n`~`xoked `m caebpe~a n` cp`xzas ds~xkeiè~`s demaias dm~dekea%

@m x`spm~dna n` `s~d n`~`xokedcke s` `vzx`sdx è mas mdhaxd~axkas è ixdoas% cae nas n`ckodm`s%

VWKKm%/N@^@XOKEDCKE N@ MD IMKC@XKEDS` dnaz~dx% `m %smip~è~` o~ana- n`hkna d ^xkmmd~2Wkx~ès` 0: c% c% n` wkea è ped czspmd n` zmd~d camacdnd dm

hda odxkd%s` `wdzaxde cae zx`cdpcke d 9:( zxvkodoè~` mas >:7 ~`mckas n`mmktpkna% @e `s~` oaoè~a s` dxxìde ckeca ixdoas n` eìxa deke~mmm%zpmw`m4rdnA< s` o`rcmd me~gxedoè~` cae `m x`sknpa { s` `wdzaxd d%s`tp`n)dn caozm`~d%

@m x`sknpa- n u s z ) m m s n`m ègxkdokè~a- s` op`m` { o`rcmd hkè èpe oax~`xa cae acfa ixdoas n` cdm wkwd%Md o`rcmd s` zx`sè~d è~aec`s hdba md gaxod n` pe zamwa ixks% tpèa s` dimp~ked ek s` dnfk`x` d mas n`nas% @s~%` za4wa S` camacd è pe

hdme { `s gp`x~òè~` dik~dna npxde~` dmspeas okep~as cae 3: c% c%n` -~`x) d c ~ k u a n`s`cdna { mkhx` n` dmcafam% S` gkm~xd- n`cde~dena {cpkndena n` s`zdxdx mds zxko`xds zaxckae`s n` m4tpkna- tp` dxxds~xdedm zxkeckzka pe KBACA n` cd$- { s` x`z~` a~xd w`r `m o~soa ~xd~dokè~a%s` ah~k e` dsm pe mktpkna dhsamp~doè~` cmdxa- àe~èèna è nk/sampcke md ~a~dmkndn n` md imkc`xked tp` s` ~xd~d n` s`zdxdx% Aè `s~`


48/87

ahb`~a s` `wdzaxd è wdxkds w`c`s `m ~`x dc~kca è ped czspmd ~dxdnd zx`wkdoè~`- caoa $d psdnd [42mx22B% md n`~`xokedcke n`m `v~xdc~as`ca d 4::)% zxko`xa dm hda opx~d- d 9:(- zdxd n`sdmabdx md od{axzdx~` n`m ~`x dc~kca- { n`szps% è md `s~pgd- d 7:- fds~d z`sa caes/~de~`- { s` z`sd md czspmd%Mds z`sdnds n`h`xe fdc`xs` cce mds zx`cdpckae`s `vkiknds zax mdszxazk`ndn`s fkixao~xkcds n`m zxanpc~a%

Md imkc`xked s` `vzx`sdx è $As ham`~ke`s è ixdoas zax m~~xa% sen`ckodm%VKV%/KEW@S^KIDCKE N@ MD ODEK^D

@e pe wknxka n` x`mab s` `wdzaxde d hdbd ~òz`xd~pxd n` nas d~x`s cè~ko`~xas chkcas n`m wkea d èsd{dx%Sk s~` cae~kè` odek~d è cde~kndn dzx`ckdhm`- s~d cxks~dmkrd {s` zx`sè~d dm cdha n` w`ke~kcpd~xa faxds hdba md gaxod n` dipbdshxkmmde~`s- op{ ~keds { s`nasds%VV%/N@^@XOKEDCKAE N@M EK^XI@EA

S` ~aode 4:: c% c% n` wkea- tp` s` `cfde è pe od~xdr n` Lk`mndfm { s` `wdzaxde d s`tp`ndn%S` m` ddnè 40 c% c% n` ckna gasgaspm~xkca &tp` s` wèn` è `$cao`xcka {d zx`zdxdne `vcmpskwdoè~` zdxd `s~d n`~`xokedcke+- {s` zae` è md hacd n`m od~xdr pe òhpna n` mdxia ~dmma- { s` cdmkè~dzxko`xa caoa ped o`nkd f`xd cae pe gaca cdmaxgkca zaca ke~èsa: zax 4:: fds~d tp` dzdx`rcd%` camax xaba n` md xèax~dmèd- ` keo`nkd~doè~` s` pe` dm dzdxd~an` n`s~kmdcke Dphke { s` cdmkè~d%Zdxd x`cai`x `m doaedca% n`szxènkna s` camacd è `m `v~xòa n`ms`xzè~gk pe wd/sa tp` cae~èid% 4: `- c% n` spmgxkca eaxodm%


49/87

? >=+ /Cpdena `m n`szxènkokè~a n` doaekdca fd c`sdna- ma tp` s`

caeac`x è tp` ped ia~d n`m mktpkna n`s~kedna ea drpm`` `4 zdz`msèskhm` n` ~axedsam- s` zxac`n` d fdc`x pe èsd{a dcno~xca caemd sasd eaxodm% Md nkg`xèckd è~x` 4: { `m eo`xa n` cè~o`~xaschkcas n` sasd tp` s` òzm`de è `m èsd{a- opm~kzmkcdnd zax :-4>-nd `m ek~xièa zax mk~xa n` wkea% @s~d cde~kndn s` `vzx`sdx è masham`~ke`s cae nas n`ckodm`s%

VVK%/A@)x@XOKEDCKE N@ MD DMCDMKEKNDN N@ MDS C@EKRDSD mds cèkrds zxac`nè~`s n` 0: c% c% n` wkea- ~xd~dnds caoa s`

kenkc è WK- s` m`s ddnx dmipeas cè~o`~xas chkcas n` dipd n`s~Pdnd fkxwkèna { s` ddnkxe 8: c% c% n` ckna spmgxkca E!mA% s`ke~xanpckx ~ana `m m ktpkna { x`sknpa è pe od~xdr n` @xmèo`{`x- mdwdena md czspmd tp` cae~kè` mds cèkrds cae z`tp`gds cde~kndn`sn` dipd fkxwkèna { ddnkèna mds dipds n`m mdwdna dm cae~èkna è`mo'%~xdr n` @xmèo`{`x- dncaeenas` mpìa nas a ~x`s ia~ds n`~ke~pxd n` gèa$g~dm`med%

Sd cdmè~dx cae zx`cdpcke sahx` ped z`tp`d mmdod fds~d `hpmmkcke spdw`< sk s` ahs`xwds` tp` npxde~` `s` ~kòza `m mktpkna s`camax`d è xasd- s`xkd s`dm n` tp` zx`cksd ped dnkcke n` ep`wd na/sks n` ckna spmgxkca E!mA%Ske `sz`xdx d tp` s` ègx`- s` n`~`xoked md dckn`r caxx`szaenkè~` dm ckna spmgxkca ea caohkedna o`nkde~` ped sampcke n` sasdE!mA% Fdmmdena md nkg`xèckd è~x` `m eo`xa n` cè~o`~xas chcasn` ckna òzm`dnas { `m n` sampcke dmcdmked caespoknas è `s~d m~%k/od- s` ~ènx `vzx`sdnd è cè~o`~xas chkcas n` sampcke dmcdmked EkmA- zax mk~xa- md dmcdmkekndn n` mds cèkrds%

S` opm~zmcdx nkcfd nkg`xèckd zax :%436: { `m zxanpc~a s`x mddmcdPekndn è ixdoas zax K~xa `wdmpdnd è cdxhaed~a za~skca% @s~`wdmax s` `vzx`sdx cae ped n`ckodm%

VVKK % /N@^@XOKEDCKE N@ MAS CMAXPXASO~ana wampo`~xkca dzxavkodc~a%/s` ~aode 4: c% c% n` wkea zx`

wkdoè~` n`camaxdna cae eìxa dekodm &z`xg`c~doè~` mdwdna { `vè~a n` cmaxpxas+ { s` e`p~xdmkrd sp dckn`r cae dmipeds ia~ds n` pedsampcke n` cdxhaed~a snkca zpxskoa- z`xa fdckèna n` ode`xd tp``m mktpkna ea x`spm~` op{ dmcdmkea% s` ddnè peds ia~ds n` sampckesd~pxdnd n` cxaxed~a za~skca- CAe ma cpdm `m mktpkna tp`ndx n` camaxdodxkmma% S` wk`x~` ia~d d ia~d `m mktpkna n` ek~xd~a n` zmd~d `sz`ckdm

>


50/87

xw`ds` sp zx`zmmxdcke è `m mpidx caxx`szaenkè~`+- dik~dena cae~kepdoè~`- fds~d ah~è`x ped camaxdcke xaba/mdnxkmma ea op{ Ke~èsd%@m eo`xa n` cè~o`~xas chkcas n` mktpkna n` ek~xd~a n` zmd~d ids/~dnas- nkwknkna zax KN- ndx md cde~kndn n` cmaxpxas zax mk~xa n`m wkeaèsd{dna- è cmaxpxa n` sanka%

O`~ana `m`c~xatpokca `vdc~a%/S=< camacde 0: c% c% n` wkea `m`c~xa/m~kca { s` caes~xp{` md ixgkcd x`spm~de~` n` mds dnkckae`s n` cde~kndn`s caeacknds n` pe mktpkna n` ek~xd~a n` zmd~d n` wdmax caeackna% N`meo`xa n` cè~o`~xas chkcas ids~dnas- fds~d mmìdx `m zpe~a skeipmd x n` md ix~mgkcd- s` n`npcx `vdc~doè~` md cde~kndn n` cmaxpxas cae~ènas è mas 0: c% c% n` wkea- { opm~kzmkcdena zax 8: s` ~ènx mdcde~kndn n` cmaxpxas zax mk~xa n` wkea- `vzx`sdnas è cmaxpxa n`sanka%Mas cmaxpxas- è cmaxpxa snkca- s` `vzx`sdxe- è ixdoas zax mk~xa-cae pe n`ckodm%

VVKmK % /N@^@KOKEDCK2< N@M CKNA GASGXKCA

@e ped czspmd n` zmd~kea s` `cfde 0: c% c% n` wkea- dm cpdm s` ddnè :-0 ix% n` ped o`rcmd n` ped zdx~` n` ek~xd~a za~skca { ~x`szdx~`s n` cdxhaed~a snkca- { s` `wdzaxd d caesks~èckd n` bdxdh`% S`cdmcked- { `m x`sknpa s` ~aod cae ckna e~xca nkmpkna< s` gkm~xd sa/hx` pe wdsa n` zx`ckzk~dx n` peas 8:: c% c%- s` mdwd cae `m oksoa m tpkna `m cdxhe- { mpìa s` kecke`xd `m gkm~xa cae `m cdxhe%Mds cèkrds s` fpo`n`cè cae xkna e~xkcd { s` mdwde wdxkds w`c`scae dipd cdm kè~`2 s` gkm~xd- { `m mtpkna ah~èkna s` ddna \44 zxko`xgkm~xdna% S` m` ddnè 0: c% c% n` e~xaoamhnd~a doekca { s` cdmkè~dnpxde~` ped o`nkd faxd è hda odxkd n` 6: d ;0% S` n`bd `m wdsaè pe mpidx ~òzmdna npxde~` s`ks faxds% Mpìa s` n`cde~d `m mtpk/na cmdxa sahx` pe gkm~xa { s` mdwd `m wdsa cpd~xa ckeca w`c`s caeped o`rcmd n` sampcke dm 4: zax 4:: n` ek~xd~a doekca { ckna ek~xà n`mpna- Mpìa s` nksp`mw` `m zx`cz~dna tp` fd tp`ndna è `mwdsa cae doaekdca { s` gkm~xd N A u ) ` oksoa gkm~xa% S` mdwd ~x`s w`c`s`m wdsa { `m gkm~xa cae doaekdca< dm mktpkna x`spm~de~` S` m` ddnè4: c% c% n` doaekdca- dik~dena `s~` mtpkna- [% d md w`r tp` s` dik~d-s` m` ddnè- ia~d d ia~d- 4: c% c% n` okv~pxd odie`skded { >: c% c%n` doaekdca%S` n`bd x`zasdx w`ke~kcpd~xa faxds% S` gkm~xd è gkm~xa n` :-:::44bgxdoas n` cèkrds [ mdwd cae dipd doaekdcdm dm ~`xcka- fds~d tp` `m


51/87

mtpkna gkm~xdna- ex/p~xdmrd%na zax ckna e ~ xkca- MA zx`ckzk~` cae ek~xd~a dxixk~ca% S` n`s`cd { cdmcked `m g~_ ~xa%

@m z`sa ah~èkna s` opm~kzmkcd ZAK m 8 % 9 ; u 2%W eas nd &4 defnxknagasgxkca zax $ k u % x a n` wkea%VVKW% / KEW@SeIDCKE N@M CKNA E^XKC225

Zdxd zxac`n`x d `s~d kew`s~kidcke `s ccewèè~so%- fdc`x zx`wdoè~/ pe èsd{a è hmdeca- `s n`ckx- az`xdx cae dipd è w`r n`wkea- fdckèna ~ands mds odekzpmdckae`s de~`xkax`s- zaxtp` zpnk`xdspc`n`x tp` `m dipd- x`dc~kwas- gkm~xas- wdsas a `m eìxa dekodm ~pwk`xde e~xca a ek~xd~as%d+ @e m`s wkeas hmdecAS%/6` ~aode 4: c% c% n` wkea { s` cdmè~d -zdxd `mkokeex `m dmcafam< s` n`camaxde cae eìxa dekodm { s` gkm~xde%S` ~ao%% pe ~pha n` èsd{a- è tp` s` zae` pe zaca n` n~`xxmdoedcae a~xa zaca n` ckna spmgxkca zpxa- { s` dik~d zdxd nksamw`xma% Sahx` `s~` mktpkna s` ddnè cpd~xa a ckeca ia~ds n` wkea n`camaxdna-~èkèna cpkndna tp` `s~d dnkcke s` fdid `scpxxkèna `m mktpkna d 4:mdxia n`m ~pha% Sk md spz`xgkck` n` cae~dc~a nx/ dohas mktpknds ~aodcamax drpm- `s tp` `m wkea ~kè` ckna e~xca &4


52/87

oè~` ixden`s n` ckna e~xca- è nkcfas cdsas hds~dx zxac`n`x n`moana skipkè~`2 S` Ke~xanpcè è pe ~pha n` èsd{a 4: c% c% n` pedsampcke n` :%4 ixdoas n` n~èdoed è 4:: c% c% n` ckna spmgxkcazpxa &ea òzm`dena sampckae`s op{ caecè~xdnds- d w`c`s x`caoèndnds+- { s` wk`x~è èckod ckeca cè~o`~xas chkcas n` wkea- n`benamds odedx op{ mè~doè~` zdxd tp` ea s` o`rcmè cae `m cknaspmgxkca &zpnkèna s`x e`c`sdxka ègxkdx èxikcdoè~` `m ~pha+%Sk `m wkea cae~kè` ped cde~kndn pe zaca dzx`ckdhm` n` ckna e~xkca- s` zxanpckx è sìpknd &a os mè~doè~`- sk `m wkea s` )f do`rcmdna è zdx~` cae `m ckna+ ped camaxdcke drpm è u spz`xgkck`n` cae~dc~a n` mas nas Ktpnas% @s~d camaxdcke s` nks~keipkx gckm/oè~` dpe cpdena `m wkea zdxn``- camacdena `m ~pha n`mde~` n` pedfabd n` zdz`m hmdeca% @s~` o~ana zp`n` sìpkxs` ~dohke cae `m wkeazx`zdxdna u ` i e dm%

VVW%/KEW@S^KIDCKE N@M CKNA SPMGXKIA MKHX@@e `m cdsa n` tp` md cde~kndn n` spmgd~as- è %s%pmgd~a za~skca- s`d

`m`wdnd cae x`mdcke d u n` cèkrds- fdhx tp` kew`s~kidx `m cknaspmgxkca Phx`% zdxd ma cpdm s` òzm`dx `m skipkè~` o~ana- agkckdmè Gxdeckd2 @g`c~`s` ped n`~`xokedcke n`m ckna spmgxkca- az`xdena cae mds cèkrds n`m wkea% { ~xsg~ès` s~ds zax `m dipd dcknpmdnd caeckna cmaxfknxkca% Sk md n`~`xokedcke n`m ckna spmgxkca `~`c~pdndsahx` mds cèkrds nd pe x`spm ~dna oèax ap` md x`dmkrdnd sahx` `mwkea- s` n`npckx md zx`sèckd n` ckna spmgxkca mkhx`%VVWK%/KEW@S^KIDCKE N@M CKNA CMaXFNXKCA MKHX@

@e `$ cdsa è tp` md cde~kndn n` cmaxpxas- è cmaxpxa snkca- s`d`m`wdnd- cè x`mdcke d md cde~kndn n` cèkrds- s`x zx`cksa zxac`n`xd md Kew`s~kidcke n`m ckna cmaxfnx~ca mkhx`- zdxd ma cpdm s` n`s~kmdxe fds~d s`tp`ndn 0: c% C% n` wkea { s` kew`s~kidx `m ckna cmaxfnxkca è `m zxanpc~a n`s~mdna% { sk md zx`sèckd n` ncfa ckna s`x`w`md cmdxdoè~` zax mas x`dc~kwas pspdm`s s` n`npckx md zx`sèckdn`m Ckna cmaxfnxkca mkhx` è `m wkea `vdoedna%

VVWKm%/N@^@XOKEDCKE N@ MD DMCDMKEK~mDN N@ PE WKEAS` `wdzaxde d s`tp`ndn 4:: c% c% n` wkea è czspmd n` zmd~kea


53/87

? 03 ?@m gkm~%xa { `m cdxhe tp` tp`nde s` cdmckede ep`wdoè~` è md

czspmd n` zmd~kea%@m x`sknpa s` nksp`mw` è dmipeas cè~o`~xas chkcas n` ckna

c~axfnxcx- cdmkè~`- ske zxàcpzdxs` n` mds zdx~cpmds n` cdxhe tp`tp`nde< `s~d sampcke S` ddn` d md de~`xkax- s` fk`xw`% { NK mktpknafkxwkèna s` m` ddnkx dmipeds ia~ds n` sampcke cdmkè~` n` cmaxpxahxca &dm 4: zax 4::+ zdxd zx`cz~dx zax caozm`~a mas spmgd~as< s`ddnè 4pìa dmipeds ia~ds n` cmaxpxa gxxkca- zdxd gkbdx `m cknaxasxx~ca- { d cae~kepdcke s` èoed `m ckna cmaxfnxkca zax `wdza/xdcke d s`tp`ndn%

@m x`sknpa s` ~aod cae dipd cdmkè~` { s` ddn` ped m`cfdnd n`cdm fds~d x`dccke dmcdmked%S` gkm~xd { s` mdwd cae dipd cdmkè~` fds~d ah~è`x 4:: c% c% n` 44/tpna Y~xdna%S` fk`xw` `s~` mktpkna { s` m` ddn` doaekdca { cdxhaed~a doek/ca- { s` ode~kè` pe xd~a md `hpmmkcke { s` dik~d caes~de~òè~`%

Cdsk fkxwkèna s` 2gkm~xd { mdwd cae dipd cdmkè~`- { `m mktpkna x`s/~de~` s` `wdzaxd è czspmd n` zmd~kea%

S` n`s`cd caozm`~doè~` è `s~pgd n` dkx` { s` cdmcked dm xabasaohxd fds~d tp` caokèrd md gpske n`m x`sknpa- zdxd `mkokedx mdssdm`s doaekdcdm`s%

@m x`sknpa smkna s` ~aod cae dipd cdmkè~` { s` gkm~xdtp`ndenaè `m o~xa $%d ote`dmd%

@m mktpkna gkm~xdna s` `wdzaxd d s`tp`ndn è czspmd n` zmd~keaKEDCKE N@M CAHX@

-

(

u 0> ?@s~` z`sa n` cmaxpxa za~sca 2y x`s~d n`m z`sa de~`xkax n` cmaxp

xas { eas ndx zax nkg`xèckd `m $(mC)SA caxx`szaenkè~` n` cmaxpxa s/nkca%

@m z`sa n` cmaxpxa za~skca%

"métodos oficiales para el análisis de los vinos" por el servicio de publicaciones agrícolas 1934

Documents