historia de irlanda hacia el 400

8/12/2019 Historia de Irlanda Hacia El 400

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HISTORIA DE IRLANDA HACIA EL 400New Kingdoms

Toward the middle of the 4th ent!r" the #rea$!% of the $ingdom of the &laidh '&lster( #egan as an atta$ onEmain )aha* the a%ital of the $ingdom for h!ndreds of "ears* #" the three Collas who were ne%hews of the theHigh King of Ireland )!iredeah Tireah+ The" esta#lished a new $ingdom $nown as Orghialla 'Oirgialla* laterOriel(* foring the &laidh into east &lster+

Some of the ,elgi tri#es of )!nster and Leinster #egan to migrate to so!th -ales and Cornwall aro!nd ./ AD*

at the twilight of the Roman Em%ire1s r!le in %arts of ,ritain+ It is often 2!oted that the Romans tho!ght a#o!tin3ading Ireland #!t ne3er did* a fat whih %la"ed an im%ortant %art in the island1s later 1olden Age1+

Shortl" after Niall of the Nine hostages death a#o!t 40 AD* two sons of Niall* Eoghan 'Owen( and Conall marhednorthwards* on2!ered North5-est &lster* and fo!nded there a new state with its a%ital at Aileah* a %rehistoristone5#!ilt fortress on a hill near Derr"* at the root of the Inishowen %enins!la+

Toward the middle of the th ent!r" im%ortant Christian missionaries #egan to arri3e in Ireland* most nota#l" St+6atri$ aro!nd 4.7 AD+ The im%at these missionaries were to #ring to Irish !lt!re and religion was a ma8ort!rning %oint in the histor" of the island+

It is ited #" the historian ,ede that Angles or Sa9ons ame to the island of ,ritain in the middle of the th ent!r"at the in3itation of :ortigern* to hel% to re%el atta$s #" 6its and Sots 'Irish oloni;ers in Sotland(+ As Ireland

was !nto!hed #" the Roman on2!est* the Sa9ons also do not seem to ha3e had an" infl!ene !%on herdestinies+

Signifiant Changes Ahead



The era of the middle 4th to the middle th ent!ries is an im%ortant time in Ireland1s earl" tradition+ Not onl" arenew $ingdoms formed and new d"nasties reated* whih e9tend into the historial %eriod* #!t the fo!ndations areset for Chritianit" to ha3e a dramati and %ermanent im%at on the 1%agan1 inha#ita#ts of the island+ The stage isset for a monasti and literar" tradition whih will set Ireland a%art from man" other 1E!ro%ean1 o!ntries d!ring theoming 1Dar$ Ages1+ It is d!ring this %eriod that one of Ireland1s more enigmati haraters ma$es an a%%earane*that of Niall of the Nine Hostages+ The desendants of Niall are to %la" a %rimar" role in the %olitis of Ireland o3erthe ne9t millenia+

Excerpts from the Annals

./ AD 5 After Cael#hadh* son of Cr!nn ,adhrai* had #een one "ear in the so3ereignt" of Ireland* he was slain #"Eohaidh )!ighmheadhoin+

.< AD 5 The eighth "ear of Eohaidh )!ighmheadhoin* son of )!ireadhah Tireah* o3er Ireland* when he diedat Teamhair+

.<< AD 5 The first "ear of Crimhthann* son of =idhah* son of Daire Cear#* o3er Ireland+

./> AD 5 After Crimhthann* son of =idhah* had #een thirteen "ears as $ing o3er Ireland* he died of a %oisono!s

drin$ whih his own sister ga3e him+

40 AD 5 After Niall of the Nine Hostages* son of Eohaidh )!ighmheadhoin* had #een twent" se3en "ears in theso3ereignt" of Ireland* he was slain #" Eohaidh* son of Enna Ceinnseallah* at )!ir nIht* i+e+ the sea #etween=rane and England+

47> AD 5 After Dathi* son of =iahra* son of Eohaidh )!ighmheadhoin* had #een* twent" three "ears in theso3ereignt" of Ireland* he was $illed #" a flash of lightning* at Slia#h Eal%a+

47? AD 5 The first "ear of Laeghaire* son of Niall* in the so3ereignt" of Ireland+

4.0 AD 5 In this "ear 6o%e Celestin!s the =irst sent 6alladi!s to Ireland* to %ro%agate the faith among the Irish* andhe landed in the o!ntr" of Leinster with a om%an" of twel3e men+ Nathi* son of arh!* ref!sed to admit him@ #!t*

howe3er* he #a%ti;ed a few %ersons in Ireland* and three wooden h!rhes were ereted #" him* namel"* Cell=hine* Teah Na Romhan* and Domhnah Arta+ At Cell =hine he left his #oo$s* and a shrine with the relis of 6a!land 6eter* and man" mart"rs #esides+ He left these fo!r in these h!rhes A!g!stin!s* ,enedit!s* Sil3ester* andSolin!s+ 6alladi!s* on his ret!rning #a$ to Rome 'as he did not reei3e res%et in Ireland(* ontrated a disease inthe o!ntr" of the Cr!ithnigh* and died thereof+

4.B AD 5 Saint 6atri$ was ordained #isho% #" the hol" 6o%e* Celestine the =irst* who ordered him to go to Ireland*to %reah and teah faith and %iet" to the aeidhil* and also to #a%ti;e them+

4.7 AD 5 6atri$ ame to Ireland this "ear* and %roeeded to #a%ti;e and #less the Irish* men* women* sons* andda!ghters* e9e%t a few who did not onsent to reei3e faith or #a%tism from him* as his Life relates+ Ath Tr!im wasfo!nded #" 6atri$* it ha3ing #een granted #" =edhlim* son of Laeghaire* son of Niall* to od and to him* Loman*and =orthern+

6atri$1s method of arr"ing the new faith to the aeli Celts was to meet them on the familiar gro!nd of their own!lt!re* the sared gro3es* wells* and mo!nds* and ma$ing those %laes enters of worshi% for the new faith+ He!sed the same hol" %laes designated #" the Dr!ids of Ireland to esta#lish his Christian h!rhes and hol" %laes+

The a##e"s #eame enters of learning as well as h!rhes* teahing his followers the essentials of reading andwriting ree$ and Latin* la"ing the fo!ndation of Irish sholastiism that wo!ld ma$e the Ch!rh in Ireland are%ositor" of learning d!ring the Dar$ Ages that were to ome+

The new faith s%read ra%idl" and #" the <th ent!r"* Ireland was a stronghold of the new faith* with newl" #!iltmonasteries and a##e"s+

St+ 6atri$ died aro!nd 4<B A+D+ and for man" "ears after his death* 3ario!s $ings of Ireland ref!sed to ae%t the

new religion and made attem%ts to ontin!e their %agan #eliefs+ This finall" ended when the last of the %agan $ingswas $illed in #attle in <B+

The final dissenting Irish h!rhes were #ro!ght #" sword%oint into the Roman Ch!rh at the S"nod of Cashels inBB/B AD* #" the in3ading Anglo5Norman armies+



4. AD 5 ,reasal ,ealah* son of =iaha Aieadh* son of Cathaeir )or 'King of Leinster(* died+

44? AD 5 Amhalghaidh* son of =iahra* son of Eohaidh )!ighmheadhoin* died+ =rom him Tir Amhalghaidh isnamed+

4/ AD 5 The #attle of Ath Dara was fo!ght against the Leinstermen #" Laeghaire* son of Niall+ Laeghaire wasta$en in that #attle@ and Laeghaire too$ oaths #" the S!n and the -ind* and all the elements* to the Leinstermen*

that he wo!ld ne3er ome against them* after setting him at li#ert"+

historia de irlanda hacia el 400

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