guía de aprendizaje laboratorio redox

7/26/2019 Gua de Aprendizaje Laboratorio Redox.

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GUA DE APRENDIZAJE

Asignatura: QumicaNivel: Tercero MedioUnidad Temtica: Reacciones redox

Nombre._____________________________________Curso: ______________________________________

INVITACIN: lego la !ora de ex"erimentar######

$o% anali&aremos di'erentes reacciones redox( similares a lasestudiadas en clase( 'i)arse bien en los cambios de coloraci*n % siexiste alg+n des"rendimiento de gas.

1.- Lo que ya sabemos de !ema

Re"ue#da !#aba$a# e% equ&'o y "o% mu"(o "u&dado.

)E% qu* "o%s&s!e% os '#o"esos de o+&da"&,% y #edu""&,%

a oxidaci*n,reducci*n( -ue a veces se designa "or su nombreabreviado #edo+( es un "roceso -umico en el -ue cambia eln+mero de oxidaci*n de un elemento. sto "uede im"licar la!#a%se#e%"&a "om'e!a de ee"!#o%es 'a#a o#ma# e%a"es&,%&"os/ o soo u%a !#a%se#e%"&a 'a#"&a 'a#a o#ma# e%a"es"o0ae%!es.

Antiguamente( los -umicos em"leaban el t/rmino oxidaci*n "araex"resar la combinaci*n de elementos con el oxgeno. 0inembargo( actualmente tiene un signi'icado ms am"lio( %a -uetambi/n inclu%e reacciones en las -ue no "artici"a el oxgeno.Asimismo( el t/rmino reducci*n corres"onda a las reaccionesdonde una sustancia ganaba !idr*geno %( "or lo tanto( se reduca.

E% e '#o"eso de o+&da"&,%/ u% !omo o &o% "ede u%o o ms

ee"!#o%es2 m&e%!#as que/ e% e de #edu""&,%/ e !omo o &o%


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"a'!a u%o o ms ee"!#o%es. Los '#o"esos so%"om'eme%!a#&os y o"u##e% s&mu!%eame%!e.

Cada ve& -ue !a% un aumento en el n+mero de oxidaci*n( el

"roceso -ue ocurre es una oxidaci*n % cuando !a% una disminuci*nen el n+mero de oxidaci*n( se lleva a cabo una reducci*n. ste!ec!o im"lica -ue en las reacciones de *xido,reducci*n ocurre unatrans'erencia de electrones entre las sustancias -ue "artici"an. stoes( unas sustancias donan electrones % otras los ace"tan. assustancias donantes de electrones corres"onden al agente reductoro sim"lemente reductor( % las rece"toras de electrones( al agenteoxidante u oxidante.

E% #esume%3

4!omo o &,% que se35+&da Redu"eCede electrones Ace"ta electrones

Aumenta su n+mero deoxidaci*n

1isminu%e su n+mero deoxidaci*n

s un agente reductor s un agente oxidante

6.- T#aba$o de abo#a!o#&o

2rgancense en gru"os de tres o cuatro integrantes % re+nan lossiguientes materiales:

7a!e#&aes3 3radilla con 4 Tubos de nsa%o

4 gotarios

mina de Cu.

mina de 5nRea"!&0os3

67Cr728 $7029 e029 6Mn29 $7029

62$

$727


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Na2$

6;

60CN

AgN2< Cu029

E+'e#&me%!o 1

A un tro&o de lmina de cobre en un tubo de ensa%o a=adir > ml deAgN2


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_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________E+'e#&me%!o 8

n un tubo de ensa%o a=adir > ml de e029% gotas de $7029diluido ?medio cido@( agregar luego B gotas de 60CN % gotas de$727

Anotar observaciones( conclusiones % reacci*n -umica -ue se llevaa cabo.

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_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________E+'e#&me%!o 9

n un tubo de ensa%o a=adir > ml de 67Cr728?color anaran)ado@ %gotas de $7029 diluido ?medio cido@( "osteriormente se a=adir"e-ue=as cantidades de e029.

Anotar observaciones( conclusiones % reacci*n -umica -ue se lleva

a cabo.

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E+'e#&me%!o :

A=adir > ml de 6Mn29ms ml de soluci*n diluida de Na2$.


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E+'e#&me%!o ;

n un tubo de ensa%o a=adir > ml de 6Mn29( )unto con 7 gotas de$7029 ( luego agrege $727.


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E+'e#&me%!o ml de 6Mn29con una "e-ue=acantidad de 62$ ?medio bsico@ % luego se a=adir gotas de 6;.


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Pa#a a%a&=a#3

E% os se#es 0&0os/ as #ea""&o%es de ob!e%"&,% de e%e#>?a@o!os?%!es&s y e des'#e%d&m&e%!o de es!a @>u",&s&s y#es'a"&,%"o##es'o%de% a #ea""&o%es de ,+&do-#edu""&,%. La #edu""&,%de d&,+&do de "a#bo%o 'a#a o#ma# u% mo de >u"osa "o%s&>ueama"e%a# "e#"a de ;B; "a2 'o# e "o%!#a#&o/ a o+&da"&,% deu% mo de >u"osa des'#e%de u%a e%e#>?a de ;B; "a.

. scribe la ecuaci*n -umica -ue re"resenta la 'ormaci*n de laglucosa._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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7. Cul es la variaci*n del N12 del carbonoD( es oxidante oreductorD

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8.- I%0es!&>a e% !u (o>a#

a@ n -ue consiste el "roceso de !errumbreD

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b@ x"li-ue el "roceso de galvani&ado( "or-ue ra&*n reali&an estao"eraci*nD________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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9.- Com'#uebo o a'#e%d&do3

., Qu/ conclusiones "uedes extraer del traba)o reali&adoD

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7., Mediante la ex"erimentaci*n se "udo com"robar lo anali&adoen clasesD____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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>., Como "odramos saber si estas reacciones "ueden o no ocurrirde 'orma es"ontneaD__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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guía de aprendizaje laboratorio redox

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