كتاب التبصرة على الجلالين ويب - webs...i awq nbd q rq ˆƒ u ba s p, d hs...

kInDsv uftftfƒb } ˆjde nmD[f 1

ˆjde nmD[f

nÑqsb }- zfèct rfmDl zft-IfƒpD zft-mflfbD


zhkvdBjf 1 mrfb zfïfrv ÈBfhtD nìsá smZdtj bDdkmftf 4 mrfb zfïfrv bfm W ÈBfhtDv ltDt dhNqj bDdkmftf 10 mrfb zfïfr njt nxdóv …isv zfsYb 11 mrfb zfïfr zfvsw nmcâk 20 zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhDv zfstf 22 mrfb zfïfrv mcJm×t 24 mrfb zfïfrv rfk 28 mrfb zfïfrv ilbftD 36 mrfb zfïfrv ƒ¤Yf 38 mrfb zfïfrv vrmk 38 mrfb zfïfrv Hfthfnf 41 mrfb zfïfrv hfBD W jcvzfb 43 mrfb zfïfrv zfslw W dbslGw 51 mrfb zfïfrv tÏfshfL 55 mrfb zfïfrv slJf 57 mrfb zfïfr pfsrv W hfskb 58 mrfb zfïfrv vfo W sÛÁfL 58 mrfb zfïfrv sjZwt, yÛÁf§À W NVp§Ã 60 mrfb zfïfrv zfnf 63 mrfb zfïfrv Ic{jfv jvf 65 iaw²À zKGsj nQjDBG hf nDdmk jvf 66 jdkiq shdEj hAfJAfv bmcbf 101 ƒnvf„tD hBGbf W dHdÙrDb djYc sj¤Yf-jfdrbD 139 idvdwó 153


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kInDsv uftfƒsbv stJj zfnst lc'ub. zfv lc'usbvƒ …ifdL rt `uftftcÜDb'. kfƒ kInDvdev bfm `uftftfƒb' rsqsY ˆhQ snƒ bfsmƒ kfv iadndÝ vsqsY. nhGiaKm uftftcÜDb mfrfïD mcrf©mfl dhb zfrmfl wfsIqD (vfdrmfùïfr) zft-


jcvzfsbv nCvf jfrXI sKsj swN ipG§À nCvf Ifdkrf-nr kInDv jsvb. dkdb nb 864 druvDsk ivstfj omb jsvb. zk}iv k]fv YfÛ uftftcÜDb ncqCk¶D zfècv vrmfb dhb jfmft wfsIqD (vfdrmfùïfr) nCvf hfj¶fvfv iaKm sKsj nCvf hbD ƒnvf„stv swN ipG§À zdHâ iÝdksk kInDv j'sv nQd[å kfInDv¢t j¶cvzfsbv idviCBGkf lfb jsvb. k]fv ƒd§Àjft rq nb 911 druvDsk.

lcƒ zfïfmf jkxGj dtdJk ˆ kInDv `kInDv-ˆ-uftftfƒb' nQs[siv …isv hV …ijfvD kInDv. kfƒ zfmfslv slswv …tfmfsq sjvfm ˆdesj mfûfnfv iEb-ifEsbv kfdtjfq wfdmt j'sv dbqdmk iVfsbfv hAh²¿f jsvsYb.

ˆ kInDsv mcIfnXdnväsqv Hct Lvfv mskf Lxókf zfdm slJfƒdb. hvQ sp kInDv mfûfnfv YfÛvf zLAqb j'sv zfstm rq ˆhQ snJfb sKsj hù Hct zfj¶Dlf msbv dHksv hÝmCt j'sv lfWqfkD mqlfsb zhkvB jsv, kfslvsjƒ nkjG jvf mCt …sÜwA. hù dlb sKsj ˆ äDbD Wqfsuh iftb jvfv dbqk Kfjf nsÙ¶W mfbdnj bfbf jfvsB rsq …sEdb. zfu sn Wqfsuh iftb jvsk sisv dbsuv mbsj rfîf jvsk sisvdY.

ˆklXnsÙ¶W ˆ lfhD jvf jdEb sp, …ÙÁ kInDsvv njt zfidÙjv Û¢de dydrÁk jvf swN rsqsY.

ˆsk sp njt Hct-Û¢de vsqsY, kfv msLA iaLfb rt, 1. ˆsk vsqsY mrfb zfïfrv dnIfk-nQÛÁf§À zfqfskv

zfwzfvD dIjGfv zihAfJAf. 2. ˆsk vsqsY zfm wsèv Jfn kInDv, zKGf{, hAfijfKGshfLj

wsèv nQjDBG W nDmfhÝ hAfJAf.


3. ˆsk vsqsY ƒnvf„tD hBGbfdHdÙj djYc zmCtj jfdrbD. iadnÝ kInDv-oa§¿nmCr sKsj k]fvf yqb j'sv spef ndEj msb

jsvsYb, …sïJ jsvsYb. mrfb zfïfrv jfsY zfwf jdv, dkdb k]fslv sn njt zdb¤Yfjxk Hct-Û¢de [mf j'sv dlsqsYb.

zfvh-dhsw¶v sp njt …tfmfsq sjvfm …ÙÁ kInDv-oas§¿v hAfifsv nkjG jsvsYb, k]fslv wDsNG vsqsYb wfqJ ƒhsb …NfƒmDb (vfdrmfùïfr). dkdb k]fv kInDv-lsnG hù ufqofq zfidÙjv kInDsv hfjX-eDjf dhhxk jsvsYb.

k]fslv msLA zbAkm wfqJ rstb, mcrf©mfl dhb zfècv vrmfb zft-JfmDn. dkdb k]fv eDjf-icd²Àjfv bfm dlsqsYb, `zfbWqfv¢t drtftfƒb, dIkX-kf'zfÄ¶chfdk zftft uftftfƒb.'

klbcv™i nmD[f dtsJsYb, wfqJ FÅv mcrf©mfl dhb tckID zfn-n¶fêfo. zhwA dkdb icsvf kInDvefƒ nQswfdLk zfjfsv bkcbHfsh sTst nfdusqsYb.

zfdm k]fslvƒ svfdik Int sKsj yqb j'sv zÛ icd²Àjf iajfwjvsB iaqfn tfH jsvdY. mrfb zfïfr njtsj Û¢demcÙÁ jv¢b, Û¢de öDjfv jvfv kWIDj lfb jv¢b ˆhQ njt Û¢dev mqtfsj k]fv [mfv ifdb dlsq sLZk jv¢b. (zfmDb)

zÛ icd²Àjf äfvf mfûfnfv mclfdvGn-YfÛ ˆhQ ifEj …ijxk rst wam nfKGj rsh.

dhbDk--- zfèct rfmDl zft-IfƒpD zft-mflfbD

zft-mfumfzfr, n†lD zfvh 13/4/1438dr}, 11/1/17dJa}


mrfb zfïfrv ÈBfhtD nìsá

smZdtj bDdkmftf mrfb zfïfrv ÈBfhtD nìsáW dbqm-bDdk vsqsY, pf smsb bf

ytst il±Jtb Oef öfHfdhj. spmb }- 1. mrfb zfïfrv (ƒdkhfyj W sbdkhfyj) nm²À ÈBfhtD

iawQnbDq W Û¢dedhrDb. kfsk sjfb iajfv db¦lf W Û¢dev stwmfÛ Kfjsk ifsv bf.

}��3�N5:�(��6ن��l�3��G��Em��.�S��R��* �}א)&��J��Kא)��p3�pو��9��א��o�:�4�Vא)%��S.��و�)�:n#��א) �zKGf{, pfvf ivjfst dhÇhfn jsv bf, kfslv ubA dbjxó

…lfrvB. zfv zfïfrv ubA vsqsY …{jxókm …lfrvB ˆhQ dkdb ivfÛÁmwftD, iaÎfmq. (nCvf bfrt 60 zfqfk)

zKfG{, k]fv iaskAj ÈB nxdóv ÈsBv kctbfq mrÙv. spmb k]fv Îfb zidvnDm, k]fv wdÙÁ zkctbDq, k]fv lfbwDtkf lxóf§ÀdhrDb, zbcv™i njt ÈBfhtD. zKhf ˆv zKG rt, dkdb wdÙÁwftD, nxdójkGf, v¢pDlfkf, nhGswafkf, nhGûóf ƒkAfdl (dkdb nhGÈBdbdL.) (Ifkùt j¶flDv) zKhf dbjxó …imf htsk Û¢de-dhycAdk W zn©iCBGkf, ‚v …{jxókm …imf htsk nhGskfmcJD idviCBGkf nhGdlj dlsq ‚ïfrv ubAƒ. (ƒhsb jfNDv)

i[f§Àsv sp ÈB jJsbf jJsbf db¦lbDq, kf mrfb zfïfrv wfsb swfHbDq bq. zhwA iawQnbDq zsKG kf slfNfhr bq. spmb, sjZwt, yÛÁf§À, sL]fjf, …irfn ƒkAfdl. ˆÈdt db¦lbDq rstW, zisvv mcjfdhtfq zKhf iadkswfsL pJb kf jvf rq, kJb kf iawQnbDq rq ˆƒ ubA sp, dhsvfLDv mcjfdhtfq uqD rWqf pfq.


mrfb zfïfrv wfsb ˆƒ swaBDv ÈB iawQnbDqHfshƒ hdBGk rsqsY. spmb,

��G)��٥٤(}א)%��E��3��Tو�א):n#��א):n#��و��Kو��Kوא{��%4אن�Yل� �zKGf{, zk}iv kfvf NVp§Ã jvt ˆhQ zfïfrW sjZwt iasqfo

jvstb. h²Âk} zfïfr nshGfÙm sjZwtD. (zfst ƒmvfb 54 zfqfk) �א��و�,�ذ�א��Eد��J�2�4و��9��א):��w�3��#nد��4�ن��א)%��v�L�1,�ن*{��X��o�(�,��G�0*[(א��א��X�

o�(�� Tون��xY��3ون��و��6א)�*�س��T�N�3��#n:(�56�,�0א��:�X{)�١٤٢�(G��R� �א)� �zKGf{, dbÇyq mcbfdIj (jie) hAdÙÁvf zfïfrsj iakfdvk jvsk

yfq. h²Âk} dkdbW kfslvsj iakfdvk j'sv Kfsjb ˆhQ pJb kfvf bfmfsp l]fVfq kJb ³wdKstAv nfsK dbYj stfj-slJfsbfv ubA l]fVfq ˆhQ zfïfrsj kfvf z¬iƒ n¹vB j'sv Kfsj. (nCvf dbnf 142 zfqfk)

}�J�2*��,ون��$��K�3א�Q$��T)�١٥�(�$��Tא�و��Q$��T{)�١٦�(G��א)^��ق� �zKGf{, dbÇyq kfvf HDNB yÛÁf§À jsv. ˆhQ zfdmW HDNB sjZwt

jdv. (nCvf k¶fdvj¶ 15-16 zfqfk) �א�و�,�ذ�א{�L�(��3�N5(א�א��Y�א��(��X��*��Yא�و�,�ذ�א��:�E�o�(�,��J�2��|��א��(��X��*��,��JK��%*��,��١٤(�� "��x�p�2ون��&��(�#n:(א��}�p�2�"� �3��J�2��J�9;$�%�3�1~�و��J�2��!�|ن��2�%��3{)�١٥(� �

zKGf{, pJb kfvf dhw¶fdnosBv nQ±iswG zfsn, kJb hst, `zfmvf dhw¶fn jsvdY.' zfv pJb kfvf dbHxsk kfslv ltidkosBv nfsK dmdtk rq, kJb hst, `zfmvf skf skfmfslv nfsKƒ vsqdY; zfmvf wcLc kfslv nfsK …irfn j'sv Kfdj.' zfïfr kfslv nfsK …irfn jsvb, zfv kfslv zhfLAkfq kfslvsj dhëfs§Àv bAfq Ocsv shVfhfv zhjfw slb. (hfj¶fvfr } 14-15)


2. mrfb zfïfrv bfmfhtD zsi[f ÈBfhtD zsbj hAfij. spsrkc iaskAj bfsmv msLAƒ mrfb zfïfrv ˆj zKhf ˆjfdLj

ÈB zfsY. kfv …iv mrfb zfïfrv jmGfhtDW ˆj ˆjde ÈB. k]fv jmGfhtDv sjfb nDmf sbƒ, skmdb k]fv hfjAfhtDvW sjfb swN sbƒ. mrfb zfïfr hstb,

}��$� ��3%�$; ��و�א)>�&��X:��م��FGא)��ض��1~��*%��و�)��g��<��&��*��$��%�:�T��#5:(5#��,�ن*�א:(א��p3�p�4��J��K�?{)�٢٧�(G��)L%�ن� �

zKGf{, ixdKhDv nm²À hx[ pdl jtm rq ˆhQ ˆ sp nmcla ˆv nfsK pdl zfvW nfk nmcla pcÙÁ rsq jfdt rq, khcW zfïfrv hfBD (dtsJ) swN rsh bf. dbÇyqƒ zfïfr ivfÛÁmwftD, iaÎfmq. (nCvf tcj¶mfb 27 zfqfk)

mrfb zfïfrv jmGok ÈB spmb } zfnf, zhkvB jvf, oarB jvf, sbWqf, ifjVfW jvf, jó ifWqf, rfnf, zhfj rWqf, jKf htf ƒkAfdl.

3. mrfb zfïfrv ÈBfhtD lcƒ swaBDv; ƒdkhfyj W sbdkhfyj. ƒdkhfyj ÈBfhtD kf-ƒ, pf dkdb dbsuv djkfsh zKhf vnCstv

mcsJ `zfsY' hst hAÙÁ jsvsYb. sn njt ÈBfhtD idviCBG iawQnbDq ÈB, kfsk sjfb iajfv Û¢de hf db¦lfv stwmfÛ sbƒ. spmb } k]fv uDhb, Îfb, wdÙÁ, zfvsw zfsvfrB, ixdKhDv zfjfsw zhkvB, k]fv mcJm×t, rfk ƒkAfdl.

ˆ njt ÈB k]fv iajxkfsKGƒ k]fv ubA spHfsh swfHbDq snƒHfsh `zfsY' hstƒ dhw¶fn jvsk rsh. spsrkc ˆ dhw¶fn zfïfrv iadk „mfsbv z§ÀHGcÙÁ. zfïfr pf dbsuv ubA `zfsY' hstb, zfmvf k]fv uhfsh `sbƒ' hst ˆ jKf iajfw jvsk ifdv bf


sp, `zfïfr kcdm ufb bf, zfmvf ufdb, ‰ ÈB skfmfv sbƒ. skfmfv ‰ ÈB Kfjsk ifsv bf; jfvB kf nxdóv!'

4. ƒdkhfyj ÈBfhtD iawQbDq idviCBGkfmCtj ÈB. nckvfQ sn ÈB pk shwD rsh ˆhQ kfv zKG pk dHâ rsh, kk mrfb zfïfrv iawQnf W idviCBGkf iajfw ifsh. ˆƒ ubA k]fv sbdkhfyj ÈBfhtDv kctbfq ƒdkhfyj ÈBfhtD zsbj zsbj shwD.

mrfb zfïfrv sbdkhfyj ÈB kf-ƒ, pf k]fv `sbƒ' hst J×b jvf rsqsY. zfmfslvsj kf `sbƒ' hstƒ dhw¶fn jvsk rsh ˆhQ kfskW mrfb zfïfrv iawQnf W idviCBGkf hAÙÁ rsh. spmb }-

}�I��(��#�:�S�%�T��R�~��G)��١١(}א)>�]��a%��[�א) *�و��9�7��א)� �zKGf{, sjfb djYcƒ k]fv nlxw bq. dkdb nhGswafkf, nhGûóf. (nCvf

wCvf 11 zfqfk) }�#n:(�56,�)��6��#א�,��م��א)&�~;��9;��L(��6א�� N�E��O��g��٢٥٥(}��م��و��6�(G�L<(א� �

zKGf{, zfïfr! dkdb hAkDk zbA sjfb (nkA) …ifnA sbƒ, dkdb dyvÓDh, nh djYcv Lfvj. k]fsj k¦ûf W dbûf ±iwG jsv bf. (nCvf hfj¶fvfr 255 zfqfk)

}�$�L�(و��L�:�Eو�א��%* �1~��2%��و��و�א)��ض��א)��g*"� *��و��3*�م��Fb��!�({�� zKGf{, zfdm zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhD ˆhQ ˆÈstfv mLAd²¿k nh

djYc nxdó jsvdY Yq dlsb; zfmfsj sjfb j½fd§À ±iwG jsvdb. (nCvf j¶fI 38 zfqfk)

�9��א��?�$��{��.�X)٢(א��א)]*%�$��)�١�(��$�(��3��J�(�3:�$��و��J�()٣�(��#�(��K�3��J�(و��א��?�$��T{)�٤(� �

zKGf{, ht, dkdbƒ zfïfr ˆjj (zdäkDq). zfïfr öqQn©iCBG.


kf]v sjfb n§Àfb sbƒ ˆhQ dkdbW jfsvf n§Àfb bb ˆhQ kf]v nmkctA sj…ƒ sbƒ. (nCvf ƒJtfn)

5. mrfb zfïfrv ƒdkhfyj ÈBfhtD lcƒ swaBDsk Hfo jvf pfq; nÙfok ÈB ˆhQ jmGok ÈB.

(j) nÙfok hf nfdÙ¶j ÈsB dkdb iCshG ÈBfd¦hk dYstb, hkGmfsb zfsYb ˆhQ HdhNAsk Kfjshb. spmb, Îfb, wdÙÁ, n©mfb, iahtkf, mcJm×t, lcƒ rfk, lcƒ syfJ ƒkAfdl.

(J) jmGok ÈB k]fv ƒ¤Yf W ˆJdkqfvHcÙÁ. spmb } jKf htf, slJf, swfbf, nxdó jvf, drlfqfk jvf, v¢pD lfb jvf, uDhb-mxkcA lfb jvf iaHxdk.

6. mrfb zfïfrv ÈBfhtDsk dhw¶fn vfJfv nmq kf sjfb jf¬idbj zKhf hf²Àdhj dudbsnv mk Hfhf pfsh bf. jfvB k]fv mk sjfb djYcƒ sbƒ; bf hf²Àsh, bf j¬ibfq. dkdb hstb,

}�I��(��#�:�S�%�T��R�~��G)��١١(}א)>�]��aא) *%��[��و��9�7��א)� �zKGf{, sjfb djYcƒ k]fv nlxw bq. dkdb nhGswafkf, nhGûóf. (nCvf

wCvf 11 zfqfk) kfv iajxkk¶ ufbfv syóf jvf hxKf. spsrkc spmb mrfb zfïfrv

nÙf zfmfslv Îfsbv hfƒsv, skmdb k]fv njt ÈBfhtDv iajxkk¶W zfmfslv Îfsbv bfofstv hfƒsv. dkdb hstb,

}�J�:��3��J�23�$�3و��J�2��:�E��6ن��و�� &�3�FR�~��#�%:�4�56�,��%��R��{� �zKGf{, kfslv n©mcsJ W iÇyfsk pf djYc zfsY, kf dkdb zhok

zfsYb. pf dkdb ƒ¤Yf jsvb kf YfVf k]fv Îfsbv djYcƒ kfvf zfqÙ jvsk ifsv bf. (nCvf hfj¶fvfr 255 zfqfk)

}�J�:��3��J�23�$�3و��J�2��:�E��(ن��و�� &�3��#��Q%:�4{)�١١٠�(G��#|� �


zKGf{, kfslv nfmsb W siYsb pf djYc zfsY, kf dkdb zhok. dj§Â Wvf Îfb äfvf kf]sj zfqÙ jvsk ifsv bf. (k¶frf } 110)

}�.�9��J�:��O��#�(��%�{)�٦٥�(G��J3�� zKGf{, kcdm dj k]fv nmbfm jf…sjW ufb? (mfvqAfm } 65) 7. mrfb zfïfrv njt ÈBfhtD jcvzfb W nrDr rflDsnv

ltDt-nfsi[. jfsvf Îfb hf zbcdmdk äfvf kf iamfB W hBGbf jvf pfsh bf.

nckvfQ pf zfsY hst iamfdBk, kf zfmfslvsj dhbf ³jdIqsk dhw¶fn jvsk rsh, pf sbƒ hst iamfdBk, kf sbƒ hstƒ dhw¶fn jvsk rsh ˆhQ pf `zfsY' zKhf `sbƒ' djYc hst iamfdBk sbƒ zKGf{, jcvzfb-rflDn sp ÈsBv hAfifsv yci zfsY, zfmfslvsjW sn dhNsq yci Kfjsk rsh. kfv hAfifsv `zfsY' zKhf `sbƒ' htf pfsh bf. spmb,

`dkdb znDm, dkdb nDmf-idvdLv †sL¶G. dkdb zÌ-iakAÌ W nfu-nvÓfm dbvsi[. zbAfbA nxó h²Âv bAfq Nô dlj k]fsj shób jvsk ifsv bf.'

(zfj¶Dlfr k¶frfdhqfr) zKy zfmvf ufdb sp, mrfb zfïfr †sL¶G zfsYb ˆhQ dkdb

zfvsw zfsYb. mrfb zfïfr swfsbb, k]fv �]% (wahBwdÙÁ) zfsY ---ˆ jKf א)

iamfdBk; dj§Â k]fv ذنVא (jfb) zfsY ---ˆ jKf iamfdBk bq. nckvfQ jfb zfsY dj bf, kf htf pfsh bf. htf pfsh bf sp, dkdb jfb äfvf swfsbb zKhf jfb YfVf swfsbb. hvQ ˆnh dhNsq htsk rsh, zfïfrƒ Hft ufsbb. (`mrfb zfïfrv bfm W ÈBfhtD' hƒ sKsj)


mrfb zfïfrv bfm W ÈBfhtDv ltDt

dhNqj bDdkmftf (1) sjfb bfm hf ÈB jcvzfb zKhf nrDr rflDsnv iamfB YfVf

nfhA²À jvf pfsh bf. (2) bfm W ÈB dhNqj wsèv iajfwA zKGƒ hcUsk rsh; kfv

zihAfJAf jvf pfsh bf. wè ðbskƒ sp zsKGv iadk zfmfslv md²À°j slZV slq, kfƒ rt kfv iajfwA zKG, kfƒ zfmfslvsj dhw¶fn jvsk rsh.

…lfrvBöv™i } `rfk' mfsb wdÙÁ hf jhuf ƒkAfdl iafq nh HfNfskƒ hAhrfv rq. dj§Â snef kfv zfnt W iajfwA zKG bq, snef kfv v™ij hf zftËfdvj zKG. mrfb zfïfrv dnIfskv hAfifsv v™ij hf zftËfdvj zKG oarB jvf ShL rsh bf.

(3) bfm W ÈB dhNqj wsèv zKG ˆj drnfsh zfmfslv ufbf. dj§Â zbA drnfsh zfmfslv zufbf. spsrkc sn ÈsBv iajxkk¶ W sjmbk¶ zfmfslv Îfsbv bfofstv hfƒsv.

mrfb zfïfr hstb, ��ن��و��6{ ��&�3�FR�~��#�%:�4�56�,��%��R��{)�٢٥٥�(G��G�L<(א� �

zKGf{, pf dkdb ƒ¤Yf jsvb, kf YfVf k]fv Îfsbv djYcƒ kfvf zfqÙ jvsk ifsv bf. (nCvf hfj¶fvfr 255 zfqfk)

htf hfùtA, pdl sj… zfibfsj iaw jsv, `zfïfr sjfKfq?' zfidb htcb, `zfjfsw.' pdl hst, `zfïfr sjmb?' zfidb htcb, `zfïfr sjmb kf skf htf pfsh bf. jfvB dkdb


k]fv sjmbsk¶v jKf hstbdb; hvQ hstsYb, k]fv mk sjfb djYcƒ sbƒ. zfv mfbcsNv Îfb k]fv sjmbsk¶v bfoft sisk ifsv bf.'

pdl hst, `zfïfr jJb?' zfidb htcb, `zfïfrƒ iaKm, k]fv iCshG djYc sbƒ. zfv dkdbƒ

swN, k]fv isv djYc sbƒ.' pdl hst, `zfïfr jqub?' kfrst zfidb htcb, `zfïfr ˆj. zfïfr öqQn©iCBG. dkdb

u¦m slbdb, u¦m sbbW db. k]fv nmj[ sj… sbƒ.' (`mrfb zfïfrv bfm W ÈBfhtD' hƒ sKsj) mrfb zfïfr njt nxdóv …isv zfsYb mrfb zfïfr zfsYb …isv, njt nxdóv …isv, nfk zfnmfsbv

…isv, zfvswv …isv. k]fv Îfb, lqf W lxdó nhGmq, nhGhAfiD, nhGdh²Àxk. k]fv dpjXv Kfsj mc'dmsbv z§Àsv. zfvsw sKsj dkdb k]fv Îfb W nfrfpA äfvf hf¦lfv nfsK Kfsjb.

k]fv nhGÛ Kfjf nýh W ndkAƒ Kfjf lc'de ixKj jKf. sp sjfb h²Âv msLA k]fsj j¬ibf j'sv dbstƒ skf dkdb kfsk dhvfumfb rb bf. kfYfVf dkdb sp naóf, nxdóv dHksv k]fv zh²¿fb sjb rsh?

sp zfqfsk mrfb zfïfrv hf¦lfv nfsK Kfjfv jKf htf rsqsY snƒ zfqfskƒ k]fv zfvsw Kfjfv jKf vsqsY. dkdb hstb,

}��9�M�N5(א��D�:�Eو�א��%* ��J�h��7*��3*�م��"*�1��g~�و�א��Vض��א)�"��א)��ش��:�4��oא�J�:��3��:�3�~�1ض��Vج��و��א��w�3��2��ل��و��p��3��R��%* ��2��1��3��ج��و��א)


��ن��%��و�א):��3��J�"��T��#5��J�Kو��9�:�%��O��a�[��{� �zKGf{, dkdbƒ Yq dlsb zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhD nxdó jsvsYb,

zk}iv zfvsw nmcâk rsqsYb. dkdb ufsbb pf djYc HCdmsk iashw jsv W pf djYc kf rsk shv rq ˆhQ zfjfw rsk pf djYc bfsm W zfjfsw pf djYc …dÚk rq. skfmvf spJfsbƒ Kfj bf sjb, dkdb skfmfslv nsÌ zfsYb, skfmvf pf djYc jv zfïfr kf slsJb. (nCvf rflDl 4 zfqfk)

dj§Â hV lc}sJv dhNq sp, uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) k]fv kInDsvv dhdHâ ²¿fsb mrfb zfïfrv …ÙÁ dnIfskv zihAfJAf jsvsYb. spmb }-

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, ��Gא)�$4)��J�(��4{)�٩א)!��و�א)�*��2د��Gא)��a�<�Kא)%�"��ل�{� �

ªzlxwA W lxwAmfb nìsá dkdb zhok; dkdb ncmrfb, nshGf¤y.« (vf'l } 9)

swsNfÙÁ wsèv hAfJAfq dkdb dtsJsYb, �2L(��#L:E�o:4ل��א�".� �

zKGf{, dkdb dbu ivfÛÁmwftDkf äfvf nxdóv …s¤y. zKy ndEj rt ˆƒ sp, ˆef kfv ˆjde zKG. spsrkc mrfb

zfïfr dbu ivfÛÁmwftDkf äfvf iaskAj nxdóv †sL¶G, dbu idviCBGkf äfvf njt zn©iCBGkf W m¦l sKsj iaskAj nxdóv †sL¶G ˆhQ dbu nÙfq iaskAj nxdóv †sL¶G. dkbHfshƒ dkdb njt nxdóv …isv.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,


}��>��J��>��Zאo�:�4�١(}א)��(o:4Vא�G�� ªkcdm skfmfv nshGf¤y iadkiftsjv bfsm idhÛkf W mdrmf

sOfNBf jv. (zf'tf } 1) ˆv hAfJAfq uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, `skfmfv

iadkiftsjv dnIfk.' zKy ndEj ˆƒ sp, `zft-zf'tf' mrfb zfïfrv zbAkm bfm.

sp bfsmv zsKG iamfB rq sp, dkdb njt nxdóv …isv, njtHfsh …isv. dkdb n©mfb W mpGflfq njstv …isv, ivfÛÁmwftDkf W zfdLiskA njstv …isv, nnÙfq dkdb njstv …isv. njt Û¢dev dkdb …isv.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��a�<�K(:�~;�א��א)��>�)��٢٣(}و��9�G��

ªdkdb nc…¤y, ncmrfb.« (nfhf' } 23) ˆv hAfJAfq uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb,

�2L(��#L:Eق��1.� �zKGf{, dkdb dbu ivfÛÁmwftDkf äfvf nxdóv …isv. zKy ivfÛÁmwftDkf, mpGflf W nÙfq dkdb nhfv †sL¶G. dj§Â

nýhk} uftftcÜDb (zfIfïfù zfâf zzfbù) nnÙfq mrfb zfïfrv †sL¶G Kfjfv jKf mfbA jvskb bf.

h²Âk} mrfb zfïfrv †sL¶G Kfjfv jKf lcƒ swaBDv mfbcsNvf zöDjfv jsvsY. ˆj swaBDsj zfvhDsk `ùtCdtqAfr' (nshGw¶vhflD) htf rq. kfvf LfvBf jsv, mrfb zfïfr nhGsÛ zfsYb. dkdb znDm W nhGhAfiD. k]fv nÙf nhGÛ dhvfumfb. kfv mfsb, kfvf k]fsj hst,


`zfY zbt-zdbst, dyv bsHfbDst, HCLv ndtst orsb,

zfY dheiDtkfq, utslv ofq wwD-kfvjfq kisb.'

idhÛ-zidhÛ njt ²¿fsb dkdb zfsYb! bf†pc dhïfdr dmb pfdtj. db}ns¦lsr ˆef jcIvD LfvBf.

zfv däkDq swaBDv stfsjslvsj zfvhDsk `mczfdÙ¶tfr' (zKGrDbjfvD dIjGf) htf rq. ˆvf mrfb zfïfrv ÈBfhtD n©idjGk sjfb wsèv wfdèj zKG oarB jsv bf. spmb mrfb zfïfrv njt nxdóv †sL¶G Kfjfv zKGshfLj wsèv zihAfJAf jsv. kfvf LfvBf jsv, zfïfr nxdóv …isv zfsYb, dbsy zfsYb, Ffƒsb zfsYb, hfsm zfsYb, nfmsb zfsYb, diYsb zfsYb, nxdóv nfsK ˆjfjfv zfsYb, ixKj zfsYb---ˆ nh djYcƒ htf pfsh bf. zfv ˆƒ usbAƒ zsbsjv LfvBf, zfïfr znDm, dkdb nDmf-idvdLv †sL¶G. zbAfbA nxó h²Âv bAfq Nô dlj k]fsj shób jvsk ifsv bf. dkdb nhGÛ dhvfumfb. ƒkAfdl.

dj§Â Hfhhfv dhNq sp, sp dudbn …isv sbƒ-dbsy sbƒ, Ffsb sbƒ-hfsm sbƒ, n©mcsJ sbƒ-iÇyfsk sbƒ, zftflf bq-ixKj bq, sn dudbsnv dj zd²Àk¶ Kfjsk ifsv?

kfƒ ntIslv dhw¶fn rt, mrfb zfïfrv nÙf njt nxdóv †sL¶G zfsY. ˆefƒ rt ndEj dhw¶fn. ˆƒ dhw¶fnƒ jcvzfb, rflDn W nc²¿ dhshj nmdKGk.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }�#��1��3��Z�(�*[(%�.��א��5و�א) ��1�G|�)��١٠(},�)��3��#]��$��א)��J�:�Kא)� �


ªn{hfjA k]fv dlsj zfsvfrB jsv ˆhQ n{jmG dkdb kcst (…dEsq) sbb.« (Ifdk¶v } 10)

ˆv hAfJAfq uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, }�#�(,�$�[3�J:K(:%#�}�א)^��א�3��وא)�%.��{�و��9א��,�6,)#��6و9

.L3>:#�}�1�3�#�א)]��(n{hfjA k]fv dlsj zfsvfrB jsv) zKGf{, dkdb ufsbb. zfv kf

rt `tf ƒtfrf ƒïfïfr' ƒkAfdl. (ˆhQ n{jmG dkdb kcst hf …dEsq sbb) mfsb kf jhct jsvb.

zKy ˆ rt zfqfskv ±iófsKGv idvi§¿D ˆhQ mrfb zfïfr †sL¶G zfsYb---ˆ jKfv zöDjfsvfdÙÁ.

zfècïfr ƒhsb nfsqh � rsk hdBGk, nCpG (idÇym oosb) Tst pfhfv iv, spfrsvv Ivspv iCshG bhD � yfv vfjzfk ncâk bfmfp iVskb. zfv htskb,

��א��bא) *%��R،��1?��;��ن��3]��$��)�~��2��1��%�4.��((��2��1��Z�"��O��g�4��2*��,��Z�(��e.((� �

ªˆef ˆmb nmq, pJb zfnmfsbv äfvnmCr Jcst slWqf rq. kfƒ zfmfv iY¦l sp, sn nmsqƒ zfmfv n{jmG †sL¶G …Ecj.« (dkvdmpD 478bQ, rfnfb)

mrfbhD � hstsYb, ªIuv W zfnsvv bfmfsp vfdÛ W dlsbv dIdvñf ˆjdÛk rb. Iusvv nmq ˆjdÛk rsq vfskv dIdvñf …sE pfb ˆhQ dlsbv dIdvñf sKsj pfb. zbcv™i zfnsvv bfmfsp ˆjdÛk rsq dlsbv dIdvñf …sE pfb ˆhQ vfskv dIdvñf sKsj pfb. k]fslv iadkiftj k]fslvsj duÎfnf jsvb, `skfmvf zfmfv


hf¦lfslvsj jD zh²¿fq sYsV ˆst?' k]fvf hstb, `zfmvf kfslv jfsY sotfm, kJb kfvf bfmfp iVdYt ˆhQ kfslv jfY sKsj ˆtfm, kJbW kfvf bfmfp iVdYt, nckvfQ djqfmskv dlb kfslvsj mfI j'sv dlb.« (zfrmfl 9140bQ, ƒhsb Jcpfƒmf1/165, ƒhsb drêfb)

mcndtsmv zfhC ùvfƒvf jkGxj ˆj hBGbfq zfsY, bhD � hstb, ªzhwAƒ zfïfrv zdkdvdÙÁ djYc ëfmAmfb dIdvñf zfsYb, p]fvf dpjXsvv mudtn J]cusk Kfsjb. zk}iv pJb sjfb ˆmb mudtn sisq pfb, pfsk zfïfrv dpjXv rq, kJb k]fvf snJfsb hsn pfb. k]fvf iv±ivsj Ffbf dlsq sTsj sbb. idvswsN k]fslv W dbsyv zfnmfsbv mLAhkGD ufqof idviCBG j'sv slb. zk}iv stfsjvf mudtn kAfo jvst k]fvf zfnmfsb …sEb. kJb zfïfr zfpXpf zufï zdLj ufbf nsÙ¶W k]fslvsj duÎfnf jsvb, `skfmvf sjfKf sKsj ˆst?' k]fvf hstb, `zfmvf ixdKhD sKsj zfibfv ˆmb jkjÈdt hf¦lfv dbje sKsj ˆtfm, pfvf zfibfv kfnhDr, kfjhDv, kfrtDt W kfrmDl isV ˆhQ zfibfv dbje iafKGbf jsv.' dkdb hstb, `kfvf zfmfv dbje jD iafKGbf jsv?' k]fvf hstb, `kfvf zfibfv dbje zfibfv ufâfk iafKGbf jsv.' dkdb hstb, `kfvf dj zfmfv ufâfk slsJsY?' k]fvf hstb, `bf, sr iadkiftj!' dkdb hstb, `sjmb rk, pdl kfvf zfmfv ufâfk slJk?' k]fvf hstb, `kfvf zfibfv dbje zfwaq iafKGbf jsv.' dkdb hstb, `kfvf zfmfv dbje dj sKsj zfwaq iafKGbf jsv?' k]fvf hstb, `zfibfv ufrfâfm sKsj, sr iadkiftj!' dkdb hstb, `kfvf dj zfmfv ufrfâfm slsJsY?' k]fvf hstb, `bf.' dkdb hstb, `sjmb rk, pdl kfvf zfmfv ufrfâfm slJk?' k]fvf


hstb, `zfv kfvf zfibfv dbje [mf yfq.' dkdb hstb, `zfdm kfslvsj [mf j'sv dltfm, kfvf pf iafKGbf jsv kf lfb jvtfm ˆhQ pf sKsj zfwaq iafKGbf jsv, kf sKsj zfwaq dltfm.' k]fvf hstb, `sr iadkiftj! Wslv msLA zmcj ifiD hf¦lf ˆmdb ifv rsk dosq kfslv nfsK hsn dosqdYt.' dkdb hstb, `zfdm kfsjW [mf j'sv dltfm! jfvB kfvf snƒ n©ialfq, kfslv nfsK sp hsn snW hdÑk rq bf.' (mcndtm 7015bQ)

htf hfùtA, ˆ njt s[sÛ iajfwA W ±iófKG oarB jvfƒ zfrst ncâfrv vDdk.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }�g�K��:�%(ج��א��OFg��(��v� �%�E�� א��$Lن��T�م��)��٤(}�و�א)�;و��,�)��3�~�1��# �

dIdvwkf ˆhQ v™r k]fv dlsj †L¶GofmD rq ˆj dlsb pf (ifdKGh) iÑfw rfufv hYsvv nmfb. (mfzf'dvu } 4)

ˆƒ zfqfskv hAfJAfq uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, R�% �.,��2>�� א) �

zKGf{, `k]fv dlsj' htsk zfjfsw k]fv dbslGw zhkvB²¿st. db}ns¦lsr ˆJfsbW vsqsY ˆ jKfv zöDjxdk sp, mrfb zfïfr

njt nxdóv †sL¶G zfsYb. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

�$�3��א)��א) *%��o�(�,�Rא)��ض��J�h*��3��ج��,�)��1��#~��3��م��T�ن��L$�א�� )��{��O��*%��Fg��$;ون�{)�٥�(G$� ��Gא)� �


ªdkdb zfjfw rsk ixdKhD ipG§À njt dhNq idvyftbf jsvb, zk}iv nm²À djYcƒ k]fv dlsj †LG¶ofmD rq ˆmb ˆj dlsb -- pf skfmfslv oBbfq rfufv hYsvv nmfb. (nfulfr } 5)

…ÙÁ zfqfskv hAfJAfq uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, B�3a��.[�א��Vوא)"$ �

zKGf{, `†L¶GofmD rq' mfsb dbslGw W hAh²¿fibf dIsv pfq. uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) †L¶GofmD rWqfv zKG dIsv pfWqf

jsvsYb. zfv ˆef ˆj iajfv zKGdhjxdk. mrfb zfïfr k]fsj vrm jv¢b.

htf hfùtA, k]fv iadk zfsvfrB jvf, …dÚk W …L¶GofmD rWqf, mrfbhD �-ˆv dm'vfsu nfk zfnmfsbv …isv pfWqfƒ ˆ jKfv ltDt sp, dkdb …sL¶G zfsYb.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��%�O��~�9ذ�א��f�1ض��Vא��J�K�� w�3ن��R��%* �א�:<)��J�"��{)�١٦*��1~�א( �

ªskfmvf dj dbdÇyk zfY sp, zfjfsw dpdb vsqsYb, dkdb skfmfslvsj nr HCdmsj Ldnsq slshb bf? zfv Wef zfjd±mjHfsh sj]si …Esh.« (mctXj } 16)

…ÙÁ zfqfskv hAfJAfq uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, R�% :^��#�و�i��:#O�$Xא).� �

zKGf{, zfjfsw p]fv zfdLikA W wdÙÁmÙf. dbdÇyk sp, dkdb ˆ jKf htsk yfƒsYb bf sp, mrfb zfïfr

zfnmfsb zfsYb. zKy ufrdmqf dIjGf zfdhHGCk rWqfv iCshG …©mfrv njt hAdÙÁ ufbk, mrfb zfïfr nåfjfswv …isv


zfvsw zfsYb. mrfbhD � hstsYb, ªskfmvf zfmfsj dhw¶fn jv bf dj? zKy

zfdm k]fv dbje dhw¶²À dpdb zfjfsw zfsYb. zfmfv dbje njft W náAfq zfjfswv Jhv zfsn.« (hcJfvD W mcndtm)

dkdb hstsYb, ªixdKhDsk sp zfsY, kfv iadk lqf jv, kfrst dpdb zfjfsw zfsYb dkdb skfmfslv iadk lqf jvshb.« (zfrmfl, zfhC lf†l, dkvdmpD, rfsjm, nrDùt ufsm' 3522bQ)

mczfdhqf dhb rfjfm � hstb, zfmfv ˆjde ÛÁDklfnD dYt, sn …ùl W ufWqfdbqfv dlsj zfmfv sHVf yvfskf. ˆjdlb drnfh dbsq slJtfm ˆjde sHVf sbjsV hfsO sJsq sIstsY. zfdm zflm n§Àfsbv ˆjub (mfbcN). njt mfbcsNv mk zfdmW zfIsnfn jdv. dj§Â kfv ofst zfdm yV mfvtfm. zk}iv zfdm zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv dbje ˆsn kf ufbfst dkdb dhNqdesj zfmfv ubA Jchƒ hV hst iajfw jvstb. zfdm httfm, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfdm dj kfsj öfLDb j'sv slh bf?' dkdb htstb, ªkfsj zfmfv jfsY dbsq ˆsnf.« zfdm kfsj k]fv jfsY dbsq ˆst dkdb kfsj iaw jvstb, ªzfïfr sjfKfq?« sn htt, `zfjfsw.' dkdb zfhfv htstb, ªzfdm sj?« sn htt, `zfïfrv vnCt.' dkdb htstb, ªkcdm Wsj öfLDb j'sv lfW, W ˆjub mc'dmb bfvD.« (mcndtm 1227bQ)

ƒmfm mfstj (vfdrmfùïfr) hstsYb, �.,ن�א��iא) %��Rو�K��.T�i�#%:4ن �

zKGf{, zfïfr zfjfsw zfsYb. zfv k]fv ƒtXm nhGÛ zfsY. (ƒ'dkj¶flct zfƒ©mfdkt zfvhfzfr 1/14)


ƒmfm zfhC rfbDIf (vfdrmfùïfr) hstsYb, iن�א��K��T�$L1�R�% �.�א) �

zKGf{, sp hAdÙÁ ˆ jKf zöDjfv jvsh sp, zfïfr zfnmfsb zfsYb, sn hAdÙÁ jfsIv rsq pfsh. (û} zfbWqfv¢t drtftfƒb dIk-kfzfÄ¶chfk zftft uftftfƒb 10ix})

mrfb zfïfr zfvsw nmcâk

mrfb zfïfr nfk zfnmfsbv …isv zfvsw zfsYb. zfv zfvsw nmcâk rWqf dhdlk, kfv sjmbk¶ zdhdlk. k]fv zfvsw nmfnDb rWqf dhdlk, sjmbk¶ zdhdlk. `nmfnDb' mfsb zfnsb hnfƒ bq, kfv ˆjde mfsb zh²¿fb jvf. dj§Â snƒ zh²¿fsbv sjmbk¶ zfmfslv zufbf. hnfv zsKG `nmfnDb' hf `nmfv™P' htf pfsh bf. ƒd²Àj¶vfv W zh²¿fsbv zsKG nmfnDb htfq slfN rq bf.

ƒmfm mfstj hstsYb, zfvhDsk `ƒd²ÀWqf' dhdlk. mfsb kfv zKG nhfƒ ufsb. dj§Â mrfb zfïfrv hAfifsv kfv sjmbk¶ sjht zdhdlk W zufbf. kfYfVf mfbcsNv `ƒd²ÀWqf'v hAfifsv mrfb zfïfr jcvzfsb hstsYb,

��3و��*��<��o�:�4א)��:<��L�1.��א)&�%�$��{�"��)�:��#5א)��*��M�N5��f�1ذ�א�א�v�%�(�5\(م��א��L(א{)ن�)��٢٨��lא��G��

zk}iv pJb kcdm W skfmfv nÌDvf sbZpfsb zfsvfrB jvsh, kJb hstf, `nm²À iawQnf zfïfrvƒ, dpdb zfmfslvsj …Ýfv jsvsYb pfstm n©ialfq rsk.' (mc'dmbCb } 28)


}��~��:��Rو��3�%��X��R:��~�و��א)%��Rو��X/�~��א��V��و��X.��3ض��א�v�%�(�5\(م��א��L:�(�א$��.��Xو��Mد��o�:�4א)��"�9�د)��٤٤(}و�א�G��

zfv htf rt, `sr HCdm! kcdm dbu ifdb ðsN bfW ˆhQ sr zfjfw! kcdm [f§À rW.' kJb ifdb jsm sot W dbLGfdvk jfpG n©iâ rt. sbZjf uclD (ifrfV)-ˆv …iv d²¿v rt. zfv htf rt, `zbAfqjfvDvf zfïfrv jv¢Bf rsk lCv srfj.' (rCl } 44)

�א��{ �(��L�O#��و��4:��J�"�3��"��K��J,�ذ�א�א��g�%��وא��T�N�O�*J�h�� 2��o�:�4وא��"� �"�(��N�9��(��*wא�و��M�N5(ن��א�&�<��v��L��#�(��*��T�{)�١٣�(��Ep(א�G��

pfsk skfmvf Wv disE (zfsvfrb jvsk) d²¿v rsq hnsk ifv ˆhQ (zfsvfrb j'sv) hsn skfmvf skfmfslv iadkiftsjv n©il ±mvB jv W ht, `idhÛ W mrfb dkdb dpdb ˆsj zfmfslv hwDHCk jsv dlsqsYb; pdlW zfmvf ˆsj hwDHCk jvsk nmKG dYtfm bf. (pcJv¢I } 13)

ˆ rt ƒd²ÀWqfv dhdlk W ufbf zKG. dj§Â mrfb zfïfrv ƒd²ÀWqfv hAfifsv sjmbk¶ zufbf. zkˆh dhwl djYc htfv ubA mcJ sJftf pfsh bf. kfƒ htf rq, ˆmb nmcâk hf nmfnDb rWqf, spmb k]fv ubA …ipcÙÁ. zfv ˆ htfW pfsh bf sp, zfvsw nmcâk hf nmfnDb rWqfv mfsb zfdLikA dh²Àfv jvf. spmb vfuf-hflwfslv sjfb vfsuA zfdLikA dh²Àfv jvfv s[sÛ vfu-dnQrfnsb hnf hf zdLdôk rWqfv jKf htf rsq Kfsj.

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) zhwA `ƒd²ÀWqf zftft zfwG'-ˆv hAfJAfq dtsJsYb, `spmb k]fv ubA …ipcÙÁ.' (slJcb } nCvf zf'vfI 54, ƒ…bcn 3, vf'l 2, k¶frf 5, Icvj¶fb 59, nfulfr 4,


rflDl 4 zfqfk) ksh kfv mfsb `ƒnkDtf' (zfdLikA dh²Àfv jvf hf [mkfnDb rWqf) bq. hvQ kfv mfsb …imfrDb …ipGcÙÁ †sL¶G zh²¿fb.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��o�:�4�� א)�;و��~�L:�3ش��ذ�و�א)��B��*$(د� ��1[��א��4>��R��3

�3��م��א)"*:��ق��N��({)�١٥�(�1��G�� ªdkdb nc…¤y mpGflfnmCsrv zdLjfvD, zfvswv zdLidk, dkdb

k]fv lfnslv msLA pfv iadk ƒ¤Yf öDq zfslwnr WrD (iakAfslw) siavB jsvb, pfsk sn nf[fskv dlb (djqfmk) n©isjG nkjG jvsk ifsv.« (mc'dmb } 15)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) `pct-zfwG' (zfvw-Wqftf)v kInDsv dtsJsYb, `kfv naóf.'

dj§Â nCvf hcv™suv 15 zfqfskv kInDsv hstsYb, `kfv naóf W mfdtj.'

ðLc zfvw sjb? mrfb zfïfr nh djYcv naóf W mfdtj. nckvfQ ˆ kInDsv spb …sÜwA bf rq sp, dkdb zfvsw nmcâk bb.�

zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhDv zfstf

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, ��Gא)��)��٣٥(}א):��#5��א) *%��و�א��و�א)��ض�{� �

ªzfïfr zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhDv suAfdk.« (bCv } 35) uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, `…Hqsj nCpG W y¦û äfvf

zfstfdjkjfvD.'


dj§Â ˆ kInDv ndEj bq. hvQ dkdb zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhDv zfstf; nÙfq dkdb bCv, dnIfk W zfqfsk dkdb bCv.

zfnst bCv rt lcƒ iajfv } iaKm } pf nxó bq, zfv kf rt mrfb zfïfrv nÙf W dnIfk. kfrfÏcslv bfmfsp l]fdVsq nfbfv lczfsk mrfbhD � htskb,

)��2��1*א�):J�2n*�)�<��א)&�%�$��א) *%��و�א��و�א��Vض��و�(zKGf{, sr zfïfr! skfmfvƒ pfhkDq iawQnf. kcdm zfjfwmàtD,

ixdKhD ˆhQ …Hsqv msLA zhd²¿k njt djYcv suAfdk. (hcJfvD } vfsÛv kfrfÏcl idvs¤Yl, mcndtm } mcnfdIsvv bfmfp zLAfq)

dkdb zfsvf hstsYb, ...))�#��?��א)�;�(��#��T��X��?�V��&�<��#�2�Bو��o�2�"א��#��(�,�� [��

�#�L:�E�((.� �ªk]fv ilGf (z§Àvft) rt bCv (suAfdk). sp ilGf …s¦mfdyk rst

k]fv zfbb-lDdå nmoa nxdójctsj lÊDHCk j'sv sItsh.« (mcndtm 463bQ)

däkDq } pf nxó. zfhfv kf rt lcƒ swaBDv } lxwAmfb bCv W zlxwAmfb bCv. lxwAmfb bCv rt nCpG W ys¦ûv zfstf. zfv zlxwAmfb bCv, spmb bhczskv bCv, „mfsbv suAfdk, Îfsbv zfstf ƒkAfdl.

db}ns¦lsr lcƒ suAfdkv mfsU sjfb nflxwA sbƒ. spmb naóf W nxdóv mfsU sjfb nflxwA sbƒ.

smfe jKf, pdl zfïfrv zd²Àk¶ bf Kfjk, kfrst bf ixdKhDsk zfstf Kfjk, bf zfjfsw. zfv bf ixdKhD W zfjfswv sj… nciKiafå rk. zkˆh zfïfr kfzftfƒ zfjfw W ixdKhDsj


zfstflfbjfvD. kf]v oa§¿W zfstf. k]fv vnCtW (ÈBok dlj dlsq) zfstf. spmb hf¬hX W ialDi rsk mfbcN zfstf ifq, skmdb …ÙÁ lcƒ zfstf äfvf mfbcN uDhb isKv zájfv lCv j'sv ndEj isK ytsk ifsv.

zkˆh zfïfrv nÙf bCv, kf]v ilGf bCv, zfnt W v™ij zsKGv iaskAj bCsvv dkdbƒ naóf. bCv ialfbjfvD ˆhQ kfv iadk iK ialwGbjfvDW ˆjmfÛ dkdbƒ. (zfƒnfv¢kX kfIfnDv)

…ÙÁ zfqfskƒ mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��<�[��2��1�FG��K��%�T�� .�S��{)�٣٥(��Gא)��

ªk]fv suAfdkv …imf spb kfsjv mskf.« (bCv } 35) uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, ªzKGf{, mc'dmsbv r™lsq

kfv hBGbf.« t[BDq sp, ˆJfsb bCvsj sjht mc'dmsbv r™lsq bCsvv mfsU

nDmfhÝ jvf rsqsY. spsrkc ˆ bCv nxó. kf zfïfrv dnIfkD bCv bq. r]Af, ˆef kf'hDt hf hAfJAf. zfv ˆ hAfJAf zihAfJAf bq. jfvB ltDstv dHdÙsk ˆmb hAfJAf jvfq slfN sbƒ.�

mrfb zfïfrv mcJm×t

mrfb zfïfrv mcJm×t k]fv nÙfok ˆjde ÈB. k]fv mcJm×t zfsY, spmb k]fv ubA swfHbDq. sn mcJm×t sjfb nxdóv mcJm×stv mskf bq. kfv sjfb …lfrvB sbƒ, …imf sbƒ. kfv sjmbk¶ zfmfslv zufbf; dj§Â kfv iadk „mfb Wqfsuh. mrfb zfïfr hstb,

�ن�{��B��O��#��(�,و��JK�&(��#�2)�#��א�B��5و�(�,��>�(��9�FR�~��;.�T{)�٨٨�(�[L(א�G��


zKGf{, k]fv mcJmàt hAkDk nm²À djYcƒ L¶QnwDt. dhLfb k]fvƒ ˆhQ k]fvƒ dbje skfmvf iakAfhdkGk rsh. (j¶fn¶fn 88 zfqfk)�

�٢٧(}��<��ذ�و�א)��:��ل��و�א)��T�fאم�و��o�L�<�3و��B#��)٢٦(�T.;��1��2��:�4ن�{(� �zKGf{, HC-ixsô pf djYc zfsY nm²Àƒ bw¶v. zdhbw¶v wcLc skfmfv

mdrmmq, mrfbcHh iadkiftsjv mcJmàt (nÙf). (nCvf vrmfb 26-27 zfqfk)

snƒ syrfvf hV lDdåmq, kfv ilGf rt suAfdk. mrfbhD � hstb,

»��#��?��א)�;�(��T�#ق��?�V��&�<��#�2�Bو��o�2�"א��#��(�,�� [��#�L:�E�«.� �

ªk]fv ilGf (z§Àvft) rt bCv (suAfdk). sp ilGf …s¦mfdyk rst k]fv mcJm×stv lDdå nmoa nxdójctsj lÊDHCk j'sv sItsh.« (mcndtm 463bQ)

snƒ mcJm×t hf syrfvf ufâfkDvf ufâfsk lwGb jvsh. vfnCtcïfr � hstsYb,

�»��g*��(א��g*��(�9.��א��.�Eل��−�,�ذ�א�د��X��−��Q��$�ون��3��O�o�(��Oو��<�O��#5:(ل��א��L�3��E�$�O��J�(��9:��א)��*��gو��O��א)�*��Bو��<�O��J�(ن��(��L��1��J�T�$3ل��−��ز��X��−�

�1�*.�Bو��*p�4��J�2��o�(�,��\*�(א��J�2��(�,�*��?��Qא�� 4��%�1��b��&(א��K��«.� �ªufâfkDvf pJb ufâfsk iashw jsv pfsh, kJb mrfb hjGkmq

zfïfr htshb, `skfmvf dj yfW sp, zfdm skfmfslv ubA zfsvf djYc shdw dlƒ?' kfvf htsh, `kcdm dj zfmfslv mcJmàt …Ï¶t j'sv lfWdb? zfmfslvsj kcdm ufâfsk iadhw jvfWdb ˆhQ ufrfâfm sKsj


mcdÙÁ lfWdb?' zk}iv zfïfr (rEf{) ilGf ndvsq slshb (ˆhQ kfvf k]fv syrfvf lwGb tfH jvsh). nckvfQ ufâfskv té pfhkDq ncJ-nfmoaDv msLA ufâfkDslv dbje kfslv iaHcv lwGb (lDlfv)ƒ rsh nhsysq shwD diaq.« (mcndtm 467bQ)

htf hfùtA, syrfvf hf mcJm×stv zihAfJAf j'sv `nWqfh' htf ShL bq. spsrkc kf wfdèj zsKGv dhsvfLD ˆhQ ntIslv ƒumfv idvi§¿D.

ˆhfsv kInDsv uftftfƒb iVcb. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }�#�2�B��5و�(�,��>�(��9�FR�~��;.�T{)�٨٨�(�[L(א�G��

ªk]fv mcJmàt hAkDk nm²À djYcƒ L¶QnwDt.« (j¶fn¶fn } 88) uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) hAfJAfq dtsJsYb,

�3,�6,� �zKGf{, ªk]fv nÙf hAkDk nm²À djYcƒ L¶QnwDt.« zKGf{, dkdb mcJmàstv zKGsj nÙf hst dhjxk jsvsYb.

nckvfQ mrfb zfïfrv dnIfk mcJmàtsj zöDjfv jvf rsqsY. zhwA kfv mfsb ˆƒ bq sp, kfrst k]fv mcJmàt hAkDk zbA djYc L¶Qn rsq pfsh. hvQ öfHfdhjHfsh shfUf pfsh sp, dkdb hf k]fv nÙf YfVf nh djYcƒ L¶QnwDt.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, ��5L�?�o#��و�א)%� ��v�Kو��{��L(ذ�א�א��W�1$�ون��3��3��3�N5:�(��E��>�(ذ��.��<* א��א)

��Gא)�وم)��٣٨(}و��B#��א):�#5� �


ªzkˆh zfk¹Dq-öubsj, zHfhoa²À ˆhQ mcnfdIvsj kfslv iafiA lfb jv. ˆ pfvf zfïfrv mcJmàt (lwGb hf n§Àcdó) jfmbf jsv, kfslv ubA swaq.« (v™m } 38)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, `k]fv nWqfh (jfmbf jsv). zbcv™i dtsJsYb, nCvf hfj¶fvfv 272, v™m 38 ˆhQ lfrsvv 9bQ zfqfskv kInDsv.

…tfmfoB hstsYb, dkdb `zfïfrv mcJmàt'-ˆv hAfJAf jsvsYb `k]fv nWqfh' dlsq. zKy ˆ kInDv ndEj bq. zfnst ˆ rt snƒ dhjxkjfvDslv vDdk, pfvf ˆv bfm slq `kf'hDt' hf hAfJAf. (iajxkias[ kf zihAfJAf.) ˆvf rt kfvfƒ, pfvf JhvmCtj dnIfskv iadk „mfb vfsJ bf, pfv Jhv zfïfr dbsuv hAfifsv ialfb jsvsYb. spmb mcJmàt, lcƒ rfk, if ƒkAfdl. htf hfùtA, mcJmàstv kInDv nWqfh dlsq jvf Hct. ˆ vDdk zfrst ncâfr zt-ufmfzfv bq, hvQ kf zfrst dhlzfv, pfvf dbsuslvsj hAfJAfjfvD (mczfWdhtDb) hst zdHdrk jsv. dj§Â iajxkia²Àfsh kfvf rt dhjxkjfvD (mcrfdvGIDb).

nckvfQ ndEj rt, `zuùïfr' htsk …sÜwA rt `zfïfrv mcJmàt', pf k]fv ˆjde dnIfk. zfqfsk ƒdÌk vsqsY, sp hAdÙÁ …ÙÁ jmGnmCr jvsh, sn HdhNAsk mrfb zfïfrsj slJsk ifsh ˆhQ sn k]fv nf[f{ tfH jvsh. spmb ˆ hAfifvde jcvzfb, rflDn W ntIslv ƒumf äfvf iamfdBk sp, mc'dmboB kfslv iadkiftjsj lwGb jvsh, spmb kfvf iCdBGmfv (smOrDb) vfsÛ y¦û lwGb j'sv Kfsj.�


mrfb zfïfrv rfk

zfrst ncâfrv zfjDlf rt, k]fv lcƒ rfk zfsY---spmb k]fv ubA …ipcÙÁ. kfv sjfb …imf sbƒ. sjmb kfW dkdbƒ ufsbb. dkdb k]fv lcƒ rfk äfvf zflmsj SkvD jsvsYb. dkdb ƒhtDnsj hstdYstb,

}��Tم��<K�"��*M�$��L�:�E��%�(��$�� Oن��>��I��:��,��3�v�(��(א{� �

zKGf{, sr ƒhtDn! zfdm pfsj dbu lcƒ rfk dlsq nxdó jsvdY kfsj dnulf jvsk skfmfsj sj hfLf dlt? kcdm dj ŠÝkA iajfw jvst, bf kcdm …¤ympGflfn©iâ? (nCvf n¶fl 75 zfqfk)

dkdb dbu rfsk zsbj djYc nxdó jsvsYb. dkdb hstb, �ن�{�K�(��2�(��J�2�1��Q��3�$�3��:�%�4��*%��J�2�(��L�:�E��*��3و�א��J�٧١(}��و�)�(� �

zKGf{, Wvf dj t[A jsv bf sp, zfdm dbu rfsk pf nxdó jsvdY, kfv msLA Wslv ubA nxdó jsvdY iwc ˆhQ Wvfƒ ˆÈdtv mfdtj? (nCvf ƒqfnDb 71 zfqfk)

k]fv lcƒ rfk zdk lfbwDt, dkdb psK¤Yf lfb j'sv Kfsjb. dkdb hstb,

�א��.��3$�א ��{�(��X��%��:5��3��J�23�$و�)��א�g�(��:�!��#n:(د��$�3א�و��X)��א)��2��3��T��D��3ن��"�|�� <��R�{)�٦٤�(G$א��G��

zKGf{, ƒqfùlDvf hst, `zfïfrv rfk nQjcdyk.' kfslv rfk nQjcdyk srfj ˆhQ kfvf pf hst, kfv ubA kfvf zdHwå srfj.


hvQ zfïfrv …Hq r²Àƒ mcÙÁ, spHfsh ƒ¤Yf dkdb lfb j'sv Kfsjb. (nCvf mfƒlfr 64 zfqfk)

dkdb dbu rfsk kfWvfk dtsJsYb. mrfbhD � hstb, ))��o��L�1�oل��E*>�"��و��B��E"��:א?�"��*�Yد�م��و��Y��3د�م��

�g*��(د�م��،אY��#�(ل��L�1�:�� $��>�(�5��E��0#��و��K��א):��#5 �eא�o��)��"�T� �$��Gא�� )...)�<��א)"*

zKGf{, ˆjlf zflm W mCnfq ksjG dtå rstb. mCnf htstb, `sr zflm! zfidb zfmfslv dikf. zfidb zfmfslvsj [dkoa²À jsvsYb W ufâfk sKsj shv jsvsYb.' zflm k]fsj htstb, `kcdm mCnf. zfïfr skfmfsj dbu (nvfndv) jsKfijKb äfvf dbhGfdyk jsvsYb ˆhQ skfmfv ubA dbu rfsk kWvfk dtsJsYb.' (hcJfvD 6614, mcndtm 2652bQ)

dkdb djqfmskv dlb ixdKhDsj dbu rfsk v¢de hfdbsq slshb. mrfbhD � hstb,

))��K�3��%�T�� $��ن��א)��ض��3��م��א)�G�p�<�E��g��Lو�א?�$��9�l5��K�"�3�G��א)��>*��K�O�g*��(�9.��א��(��(�p��* ��"��1��#�O�p�<�E��J�T�$�?��((....#�:4�D~�א) �

zKGf{, djqfmskv dlb ixdKhD ˆjde v¢dev mk rsh. iakfiwftD (zfïfr) kf dbu rfsk dbsq …teifte jvshb, spmb skfmfslv sj… nIsv kfv v¢desj …teifte jsv. kf rsh shsrwXkDslv smrmfbD (zfrfv). (hcJfvD, mcndtm)

k]fv …Hq rfkƒ Ffb. mrfbhD � hstb, ))��*p�4��%�?*�(א��v�%�3��4��o�:�4��#5:(�4��$��א��v� � L�%(ن*�א�,��*.�Bو��


$�)��ن��J�2�%K�?�o�1و��J�2��:�9و��و�)��א��3��3�N5(א��v�%�3��#�3�$�3��":�Tو�.((� �zKGf{, zfïfrv dbje pfvf bAfqivfqB kfvf lqfmsqv Ffb ifsw¶G

suAfdkv dmìsvv …iv zh²¿fb jvsh. zfv k]fv …Hq r²Àƒ Ffb. (‰ bAfqivfqB kfvf) pfvf kfslv dhyfsv, idvhfsv ˆhQ kfv jkxGk¶ W sbkxk¶fLDb hAdÙÁhsoGv hAfifsv bAfqdbô.« (mcndtm 1827bQ)

k]fv jvkstv jKfW ðÝHfsh iamfdBk. mrfbhD � hstb, ))��F��|��Fg�X�$�[��O��−��5]�$*ق��?�$�� ,��9�N�E��56−�و�L�3��6>�.��א):��#5,��56א)

��%��ن��J�\�4��א)�*?�%��K�O�o*"�?��%�?*�(א��T�o�1��"�1�G��%�O��Tو�,�ن��#��1:��* ��و��1]��:�#��J�T�$�?��o��3��%�T��.�<��(א.((� �

zKGf{, sp hAdÙÁ (kfv) ShL …ifsq …ifduGk zKG sKsj ˆjde sJucv idvmfBW djYc lfb jsv - zfv zfïfr skf ShL zKG YfVf zbA djYc oarBƒ jsvb bf - sn hAdÙÁv ‰ lfbsj zfïfr Ffb rfsk oarB jsvb. (zk}iv kf ‰ hAdÙÁv ubA tftb-iftb jsvb;) idvswsN kf vrmfsbv jvkst hxdÝtfH j'sv ifrfV sKsjW hV rsq pfq. spmb skfmfslv sj… kfv zw¶-wfhjsj tftb-iftb j'sv Kfsj. (hcJfvD1410, mcndtm 1014bQ, dkvdmpD, bfnf„, ƒhsb mfufr iaHxdk)

t[BDq sp, `rfk' wède sjfKfW ˆjhyb, sjfKfW dähyb ˆhQ sjfKfW hùhyb hAhrfv jvf rsqsY. zfvhD hfjAoEsb ˆmbde ShL. hùhyb wsèv nfsK kfv nìáƒ dähybsj hùhybv™si hAhrfv jvfv ShLkf ialfb jsv.

jcvzfb W rflDsn rfskv ˆk dh²Àfdvk hBGbf Kfjf nsÙ¶W n†lD zfvh sKsj Yfif (hkGmfsb dbdNÝ) kInDv `mfzfdvIct j¶cvzfb'-


ˆ `zfdm pfsj dbu lcƒ rfk dlsq nxdó jsvdY'v kInDsv htf rsqsY, `njt kInDvdhlƒ ˆ hAfifsv ˆjmk sp, mfbcsNv bAfq zfïfr kfzftfvW rfk zfsY, ˆJfsb kf shUfsbf rqdb. sjbbf, zfïfr kfzftf zÌ-iakAsÌv mcJfsid[kf sKsj mcÙÁ W idhÛ. jfsuƒ ˆv zKG rt zfïfrv jclvk.' (1172ix})

dj§Â ndEj dhw¶fn ˆƒ sp, ˆ nh spHfsh ˆsnsY, snƒHfshƒ dhw¶fn jvsk rsh. ˆ nh k]fv zÌ dj bf, sn iaw mfKfq zfbf ytsh bf. zfv zhwAƒ msb vfJsk rsh mfbhDq zÌ-iakAsÌv mk k]fv djYc bq zKhf kf vÙÁ-mfQn-rfVdhdwó bq. dkdb sjmb -- kf zfmfslv spmb ufbf sbƒ, skmdb k]fv ˆ njt ÈB sjmb ---kf zfmfslv zufbf. ˆ nshv zbA zKGW jvsk ifdv bf. `rfk' mfsb jclvk hf dbqfmk jvst zKG ndEj rq bf. zfïfrv dbsuv lcƒ jclvk hf lcƒ dbqfmk dlsq zflmsj nxdó jvfv dj zKG rsk ifsv? `zfïfrv lcsef jclvkƒ Ffb' jKfv jD zKG rsk ifsv?

ˆhfsv ytcb, zfmfslv zfstfdyk kInDsv uftftfƒsb `rfk'-ˆv jD zihAfJAf jvf rsqsY, kf slsJ dbƒ.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, �א��.��3$�א ��{�(��X��%��:5��3��J�23�$و�)��א�g�(��:�!��#n:(د��$�3א�و��X)��א)��2

R��3��T��D��3ن��"�|�� <��{)�٦٤�(G$א��G�� zKGf{, ƒqfùlDvf hst, `zfïfrv rfk nQjcdyk.' kfslv rfk

nQjcdyk srfj ˆhQ kfvf pf hst, kfv ubA kfvf zdHwå srfj. hvQ zfïfrv …Hq r²Àƒ mcÙÁ, spHfsh ƒ¤Yf dkdb lfb j'sv Kfsjb. (nCvf mfƒlfr 64 zfqfk)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) hstsYb,


��#(N<3��g3ذ��,�،G�SK(א�Gد�א)�$�£1�o�hد،�و�¤��e��>�)!�i�gא)#3$��.א) w~��)#��ن�3�^~� �

`ˆ rt lfbwDtkfv ÈB hBGbfv ubA zdkwsqfdÙÁ. zfv rfk wèsj dähyb hAhrfv jvf rsqsY zfdkwpA shfUfhfv …sÜswAƒ. spsrkc lfkfv lfb jvfv swN idvBdkƒ rt, sn lcƒ rfsk lfb j'sv Kfsj.'

ˆJfsb dkdb zihAfJAfv mfLAsm mrfb zfïfrv rfskv jKf zöDjfv jsvsYb. mrfb zfïfrv lfbwDtkfv jKf zböDjfpG. dj§Â rfskv zihAfJAf jvf hfÒbDq bq; hvQ ³hLƒ bq.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��Tم��<K�"��*M�$��L�:�E��%�(��$�� Oن��>��I��:��,��3

�v�(��(א{� �zKGf{, sr ƒhtDn! zfdm pfsj dbu lcƒ rfk dlsq nxdó jsvdY

kfsj dnulf jvsk skfmfsj sj hfLf dlt? kcdm dj ŠÝkA iajfw jvst, bf kcdm …¤ympGflfn©iâ? (nCvf n¶fl 75 zfqfk)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) ˆv kInDsv dtsJsYb, #L:Eא��Oق��:¥�.Tن�f1�،دمm��3��Oא�N9و�،#L:E��(�O�M�.� �

`(zfdm pfsj dbu lcƒ rfk dlsq nxdó jsvdY) zKGf{, zfdm dbsu kfv nxdóv kÙ¶fhLfb jsvdY. zfv ˆ rt zflsmv ubA mpGflfv dhhvB. bsy{ zfïfr iaskAj nxóh²Âv nxdóvƒ kÙ¶fhLfb j'sv Kfsjb.'

zfïfr stJjsj [mf jv¢b. lcƒ rfskv zKG zflm nxdóv kÙ¶fhLfb bq. hvQ ˆ rt mrfb zfïfrv `rfk' dnIfksj


zöDjfv jvf, pf zfqfsk ±ió wsè hAÙÁ jvf rsqsY. zKy ntIoB rfk äfvf nxdó jvfv jKf zöDjfv jsvbdb.

mcIfnXdnv ƒhsb ufvDv k¶fhfvD hstsYb, `ˆv äfvf zfïfr kfzftf dpjv¢r ufbfs¤Yb sp, dkdb zflmsj dbu lcƒ rfk äfvf nxdó jsvsYb.' zk}iv dkdb dbu nbsl hBGbf jsvsYb, ƒhsb …mfv � hstsYb, ªzfïfr yfvde dudbnsj dbu rfsk nxdó jsvsYb } zfvw, zflXb (ufâfk), jtm W zflm. zk}iv njt h²Âv …sÜswA `rW' hstsYb, zfv rsq sosY.« (kInDv k¶fhfvD 21/239)

iv§Â pdl …ÙÁ hfsjAv zKG zflmsj rfk äfvf nxdó jvf bf rskf, kfrst zflm nxdóv ixKj sjfb ³hdwóA W k]fv ixKj sjfb mpGflf iajfw sik bf. spsrkc iaskAj nxdósjƒ dkdb dbu jclvk W kÙ¶fhLfsbƒ nxdó jsvsYb. hvQ sp wqkfbsj zfslw jvf rsqdYt zflmsj dnulf jvsk, snƒ wqkfb zsi[f zflsmv mpGflf zdLj iamfdBk rskf bf; spsrkc wqkfbsjW mrfb zfïfr dbu jclvk W kÙ¶fhLfsbƒ nxdó jsvsYb.

htf hfùtA, `zfïfrv rfk' mfsb `zfïfrv jclvk' jvfv pcdÙÁW znfv W ëf§À iamfdBk rq.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, ��م��א)��L��gو�א) *%�و�א��{�3��#�"�/�<�X��Q��%�Bو�א)��ض�� $�X�*D�?��#5:(وא�א��$�Xو��

�ن��T��3��*%�4�o�(��Oو��#��&�<��#��%��*3�� {)�٦٧�(��p(א�G�� ªWvf zfïfrv psKfdyk jlv jsvdb. djqfmskv dlb nm²À

ixdKhD k]fv rfskv mcsEfq Kfjsh ˆhQ zfjfwmàtD Kfjsh k]fv


Ffb rfsk Èefsbf. idhÛ W mrfb dkdb, Wvf pfsj zQwD jsv dkdb kfv †sLG¶.« (pcmfv } 67)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) ˆv kInDsv dtsJsYb, �� a��#��א�T��v?�#"%\4�D?� �1�4� �?��D��1"#��و��4\%��

)��%�Bض��Vل)�و�א�?�:� �j(�#<�X�(��#�M��]<)�#�"�/א(<L��M��:��#K:��i�M��#1�[O3*��(و�� 4)��3��م��א)��g��Lو�א) *%�و�א��%¦)#��%��(#O�$L�....� �

`Wvf k]fsj psKfdykHfsh sysbdb zKhf Wvf k]fv psKfdyk mpGflf lfb jsvdb; kfƒ Wvf k]fv nfsK dwjG jsvsY. (djqfmskv dlb nm²À ixdKhD k]fv rfskv mcsEfq Kfjsh) zKGf{, k]fv jhuf W zfqsÙ Kfjsh, zKGf{ k]fv mfdtjfbf W dbq§ÃBfLDb Kfjsh. zfv (zfjfwmàtD Kfjsh k]fv Ffb rfsk) zKGf{, jclvsk (Èefsbf Kfjsh) zKGf{, ˆjÛDHCk Kfjsh.'

zKy ˆv hAfJAf rflDsn idv°jfv ˆsnsY. mrfbhD � hstsYb, �ل��א)%�:�<��3��:��L�3>��א):��#5א)��(�L�3�*J�h��#��%��א��%* ��Mא) ��ض��و��3

�).א)��ض� �ªzfïfr ixdKhDsj mcdóok jvshb ˆhQ zfjfwmàtDsj Ffb

rfsk Èdesq sbshb. zk}iv htshb, `zfdmƒ hflwf. sjfKfq ixdKhDv hflwfoB?« (hcJfvD 4812, mcndtm 7227bQ)

dkdb zfsvf hstsYb, ))��K�3��%�T�� $��ن��א)��ض��3��م��א)�G�p�<�E��g��Lو�א?�$��9�l5��K�"�3�G��א)��>*��K�O

�g*��(�9.��א��(��(�p��* �....))��?�$��1��#�O�p�<�E��J�T~�א) �zKGf{, djqfmskv dlb ixdKhD ˆjde v¢dev mk rsh. iakfiwftD


(zfïfr) kf dbu rfsk dbsq …teifte jvshb, spmb skfmfslv sj… nIsv kfv v¢desj …teifte jsv. kf rsh shsrwXkDslv smrmfbD (zfrfv). (hcJfvD 6520, mcndtm 7235bQ)

nckvfQ spJfsb ±ió dhhvB Kfsj, snJfsb zihAfJAfv sjfb ncspfoƒ Kfsj bf.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }�$��M�N5(א��<�O��3�$�X�FR�~��.�T�o�:�4��Gא�:<)��١(} ��א)%�:<��و��9� �

mrf mdrmfd¦hk dkdb nhGmq jkxGk¶ pf]v rfsk ˆhQ dkdb nhGdhNsq nhGwdÙÁmfb. (mctXj } 1)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) ˆv kInDsv dtsJsYb, `p]fv rfsk' zKGf{, p]fv dbq§ÃsB.

jvfqsÙ Kfjfv v™ij zKG drnfsh zhwAƒ dbq§ÃB W hAh²¿ibfv zLDsb Kfjfsj hcUfq. dj§Â mrfb zfïfrv zfnmf W dnIfknmCsr ±iófKG huGb j'sv v™ijfsKGv nfrfpA sbWqf ntIslv vDdk bq.

}�J�23�$�3ق��ن��א):��$�3��#5א):�1��#5��3��%>��3*��,��>��3��<�3��3�N5(ن*�א�,{)�١٠�(Z"�(א� �ªdbÇyq pfvf skfmfv hfqzfk oarB jsv, kfvf skf zfïfrvƒ

hfqzfk oarB jsv. zfïfrv rfk kfslv rfskv …iv.« (IfkXr } 10)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) hstsYb, �2�:4�J23��1ز�J2"�3�<��o:4�]:^��O��9�M��§�(��2א��א��3��.א)¨� �zKGf{, sp rfknmCr äfvf k]fvf bhD �-ˆv hfqzfk jsvdYstb.

…sÜwA rt, zfïfr kfzftf k]fslv hfqzfskv hAfifsv zhdrk dYstb. Ist dkdb k]fslvsj kfv iadklfb slshb.

hf²Àsh mrfb zfïfrv `rfk'sj dkdb zöDjfv jsv zfqfskv


zihAfJAf jsvsYb. zKy zfqfk sKsj yfvde dudbn iamfdBk rq}-

1. mrfb zfïfrv rfk, spmb k]fv ubA …ipcÙÁ. kfv sjfb …lfrvB sbƒ.

2. mrfb zfïfr nxdóv †sL¶G zfsYb. 3. vnCt �-ˆv mfLAsm mrfb zfïfrƒ hfqzfk oarBjfvD

dYstb. spmb ƒhsb jfNDv iaHxdk kInDv oas§¿ …dïdJk rsqsY. 4. hfqzfkjfvDslvsj nmKGb, nfrfpA W …{nfr ialfb jvf

rsqsY.

mrfb zfïfrv ilbftD zfïfr hstsYb,

�ن�{�� "� �د��3��:�1��; ��4��ق�و��4�$�3��ن��,�)��oא)��K�3م��3{)�٤٢�(J:L(א� �zKGf{, (n¹vB jv,) spdlb ifsqv vtf …sb¹fyb jvf rsh ˆhQ

kfslvsj dnulf jvfv ubA zfrhfb jvf rsh; dj§Â kfvf kf jvsk n[m rsh bf. (nCvf j¶ftfm 42 zfqfk)

dj§Â uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, Rאp¤وא�b� &:(�g��L(م�א�3��Vא�G$��4�G��<4��9.� �

zKGf{, djqfmskv dlb drnfh W hltfv ubA jdEb nQjsev dhhvB.

ˆƒ ubAƒ zsbsj …ÙÁ zfqfskv zbchfl jsvsYb, `±mvB jv, sn yvm nQjsev dlsbv jKf, sndlb Wslv dnulf jvfv ubA zfrhfb jvf rsh, dj§Â Wvf kf jvsk n[m rsh bf.'


ˆ n©isjG mWtfbf zfjvfm J]f nfsrh dtsJsYb, `ˆƒ islv hAhrfdvj kf{ispGv iadk t[A bf jdvqf ˆhQ zfvhD nfdrskAv nêGhflDn©mk hfjXLfvfsj zoafrA jdvqf, ˆjlt stJj …rfv zKG jdvqfsYb }- ªspdlb zfïfrv ifsqv di×dtjfsj …¦mcÙÁ jvf rƒsh.« dj§Â ƒrf zfvhD HfNfv ˆjef ƒdFqm. sjfbW Èv¢kv idvd²¿dk …id²¿k rƒst zfvhvf ‰ ƒdFqmef hAhrfv jdvqf Kfsj.' (kInDv 5/587)

dj§Â mrfbhD � hstsYb, ��1��# ��$��)�#��l��;.�T��و��L�<��1�Fg��l�T�o��;.��T�ن��(�X��4��;��K�3

�د��L�<�|�� 2و�א?�$Qא��1��$�� (��9�N��1�g��%��3 ��1��$~�א)$;��QR��3و�.(� �ª(djqfmsk) zfmfslv iadkiftj dbu ilbftD …¦mcÙÁ jvshb.

nckvfQ iaskAj mc'dmb-mc'dmbf k]fv ubA dnulfhbk rsh. dj§Â iaskAj snƒ hAdÙÁ zhdwó sKsj pfsh, sp lcdbqfsk stfjsj slJfsbf W swfbfsbfv ubA dnulf jvk. sn dnulf jvsk pfsh, dj§Â kfv diE ˆjde ifef hf si½sev mskf rsq pfsh. (hcJfvD 4919bQ, mcndtm 472bQ)

susb vfJf Hfstf sp, ˆƒ zfqfskv kInDsv djqfmskv jdEb nQjsev jKf zböDjfpG. ksh rflDn äfvf mrfb zfïfrv ilbftD, diàtD, diàdtjf hf sofYfv jKf iamfdBk, pf zöDjfv W zoafrA jvfv …ifq sbƒ ˆhQ zfqfskv ±iófKG kfƒ.�


mrfb zfïfrv ƒ¤Yf

mrfb zfïfrv ƒ¤Yfv zihAfJAf jvf …dyk bq. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

��Gא)©وج)��١٦(}�1�*�ل��)��$3��3��%{� �ªdkdb pf ƒ¤Yf, kfƒ j'sv Kfsjb.« (hcv¢u }16) uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, `k]fsj sjfb djYc hAKG

jvsk ifsv bf.' ˆ rt `ƒ¤Yfmq jkGf'-ˆv idvBfmok zKG. htf hfùtA, k]fv

ˆjde dnIfk rt `ƒvflf'. k]fv ƒvflf W ƒ¤Yfv dhsvfdLkf sj… jvsk ifsv bf. k]fv Ifqnftfv Jàb jvfv [mkf jfsvf sbƒ ˆhQ k]fv dnÝf§À efthfv wdÙÁ sj… vfsJ bf.�

mrfb zfïfrv vrmk

mrfb jv¢Bfmq zfïfr. zdk lqfhfb dkdb. vrmk k]fv ˆjde dnIfk W ÈB. dj§Â kInDsv snƒ dnIfskv idvBfmok zKG hf hAfJAf j'sv k]fv vrmskv jKf sofib jvf rsqsY. jcvzfsbv Hcdmjfq mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

}�J��?*�(�٢(}א)�*?�%��א�(gª��(א�G�� ªdpdb zb§À jv¢Bfmq, ivm lqftc.« (Ifdkrf } 2) uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb,

#:9V�a«א�Gو9~�,�אد�g¬�(א�Mذ�M�.� �


zKGf{, vrmk-Wqftf. zfv kf rt, mÌstv …ipcÙÁ stfsjv ubA mÌt jvfv ƒ¤Yf sifNB jvf.

zKy ˆ rt vrmskv idvBfmok zKG. vrmk ÈB Kfjst kshƒ zisvv ubA mÌt jfmbf jvf pfq. zfnst wèsj kfv iajxkfKG sKsj lCsv sEst slWqf ˆj iajfv kf'k¶Dt (zKGdhrDb, dbd°ÛÁq hf dhvdrkjvB). zfv sn vDdk zfrst ncâfrv bq.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }g�%�?��J�2��*��J�2�:�Sو�و��9>��)�#��9:�#��و��b��<(��(و�)�~�א��(�7��Tو�ذ��*��{)�٤٣�(� �

ªzfdm zfmfv jv¢Bföv™i W hcdÝwdÙÁn©iâ stfjslv ubA …islwöv™i kfsj dltfm kfv idvubhoG W kfslv mk zfvW (zsbj djYc).« (n¶fl } 43)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk …dïdJk vrmskv kInDsv uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, dbqfmköv™i.

zfnst dbqfmkW mrfb zfïfrv jv¢Bfv idvBfmok zKG. zfïfrv vrmk k]fv dnIfk, nxdó bq. dbqfmk nxdó. spmb mrfb zfïfr nxó ufâfksj k]fv vrmk hstsYb. mrfbhD � hstsYb,

.��1~*�א)��>*��ون��وא��"��K>��ون��:�א?�"��*��א¤��*��gو�א)�*��،��L�1)��א)�*��((��(��Xو��g*��¤:��א��%�2��,��*<��:��j�*i��Rא)�*�س��و�� L�1�،�J�2��T�o�/א��

��،��R��>��b�N�4��~��<��R،�و�,�*<��א)�*��N�4א��J�?��~�"�%�?��g*��¤א��9�l:��*~�:�4��%�K��:�K�(و�.((� �

ªufâfk ˆhQ ufrfâfm iv±isvv msLA UoVf jvt. ufrfâfm htt, `zfmfv msLA hV hV …Ýk ˆhQ zrQjfvDvf hnhfn jvsh.' zfv ufâfk htt, `zfmfv msLA lchGt ˆhQ dmnjDbvf


hnhfn jvsh.' zk}iv zfïfr kfzftf kfslv msLA mDmfQnf jvstb sp, `sr ufâfk! kcdm zfmfv vrmk, zfdm skfmfv äfvf pfv iadk ƒ¤Yf vrm jvh. zfv sr slfpJ! kcdm zfmfv wfd²À, zfdm skfmfv äfvf pfsj ƒ¤Yf kfsj wfd²À slh. zfv skfmfslv lcsefsjƒ idviCBG jvf zfmfv lfdqk¶.« (mcndtm 7355bQ)

mrfb zfïfr k]fv hxdóv dbqfmksj vrmskv dyrÁ hstsYb, ��2�O��,�ن*�ذ�)�<��{��$��hY�o�(�,��\��1?�%��א):5��T��#��3&��~�א)��ض��

��3�$�X�FR�~��.�T�o�:�4��Gא)�وم)��٥٠(})�%�&��~�א)%��o�Oو��9� �ªnckvfQ kcdm zfïfrv jv¢Bfv dyrÁ t[A jv, djHfsh dkdb

HCdmv mxkcAv iv ˆsj icbuGDdhk jsvb. db}ns¦lsr dkdb mxksj uDdhk jvshb ˆhQ dkdb nhGdhNsq nhGwdÙÁmfb.« (v™m } 50)

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��J�2�(��>��(~�و��و�*?�%�"��א�� و�א)��T��3�N5وא��3Wא):5#��و�)��L#��و�)��<��3

�J��(��bא�N�4{)�٢٣�(��<K��(א�G�� ªpfvf zfïfrv dblwGbnmCr ˆhQ k]fv nf[f{ zöDjfv jsv,

kfvfƒ zfmfv jv¢Bf rsk dbvfw rq. zfv kfslv ubA zfsY mmG§Âl wfd²À.« (zfbjfhCk } 23)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) vrmskv hAfJAf jsvsYb `ufâfk' dlsq. zKy ˆJfsb ˆmb jvfef dEj dYt bf. ˆJfsb zfm vrmk …dÜó rWqfefƒ ±ió.


mrfb zfïfrv Hfthfnf

Hfthfnf k]fv ˆjde jmGok ÈB. dkdb k]fv diaq hf¦lfoBsj Hfthfsnb. dkdb hstb,

}��#n:(و�א��J�K��~��J�K�<�<�&�3א):n#��و��K�(��!�3��Jذ��<*O��1��#n:(ن��א�;<�&�O��J�"��Tن��,��.�X��J��?*��Y�Gل��%4אن)��٣١(}��

zKGf{, ht, `skfmvf pdl zfïfrsj Hfthfn, kfrst zfmfv zbcnvB jv. Ist zfïfr skfmfslvsj Hfthfnshb ˆhQ skfmfslv zivfLnmCr [mf jvshb. h²Âk} zfïfr zkA§À [mfwDt, ivm lqftc.' (nCvf zfst ƒmvfb 31 zfqfk)

��م��{�L��#n:(א�~�O��3�� א�O��3��*$��4��J�K��د��3�1��#��Y��3�N5(3��3;��2א��:�4�FG*p�4��v��l�%(א�o�:�4�Fg5(ذ��#��oא)�9��3��3��1��K$�ون��1~��>��.��J�2;<�&�3و��3&�>;

��J��:�4��]��1�ن��)��J��m��gذ�)�<��1/�.��א):�R��3��#��O�l�3��#nو�א):n#��و�א��w�3��6و��#n:(א{�)٥٤�(G$א��G��

zKGf{, sr dhÇhfdnoB! skfmfslv msLA sj… LmG rsk dIsv sost zfïfr ˆmb ˆj n©ialfq zfbqb jvshb, pfslvsj dkdb Hfthfnshb W pfvf kf]sj Hfthfnsh, kfvf rsh dhÇhfnDslv iadk sjfmt W zdhÇhfnDslv iadk jsEfv. kfvf zfïfrv isK durfl jvsh ˆhQ sjfb db¦lcsjv db¦lfq Hq jvsh bf, ˆ zfïfrv zbcoar pfsj ƒ¤Yf dkdb lfb jsvb. h²Âk} zfïfr iafycpGmq, iaÎfmq. (nCvf mfƒlfr 54 zfqfk)

k]fv vsqsY J]fde Hfthfnf. dkdb hstb,


��Gא)©وج)��١٤(}و��9��א)!��א)��د�ود�{� �zKGf{, dkdbƒ [mfwDt, siammq. (nCvf hcv™u 14 zfqfk) htf hfùtA, k]fv Hfthfnfv zKG icvõfv, zbcoar zKhf nWqfh

jvf ShL bq. spmb zsbsj hst Kfsj, `bf bf, Hfthfnf skf r™lsqv dudbn. zfïfrv dj r™lq zfsY bfdj? zfïfr dj mfbcsNv mskf bfdj? Hfthfnf skf ˆj iajfv lchGtkf. Hfthfnfq skf mb h]fLf pfq? snef dj zfïfrv ubA nýh?'

zfnst Wslv mcwdjtefƒ rt ˆJfsb; Wvf mfbcsNv mskf sjfb ÈsBv jKf ðbst zfïfrsjW mfbcsNv mskf sJqft j'sv iaskAj ÈBsj zöDjfv jsv. zfv ˆv Ist db}ns¦lsr kfvf zfrst ncâfr sKsj Jfdvu.

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) nCvf hfj¶fvfv 195, 222, zfst ƒmvfsbv 76, 134 W 146bQ, nCvf mfsqlfv 42, 93bQ ˆhQ nCvf kfWhfv 108bQ zfqfsk mrfb zfïfrv Hfstfhfnfv hAfJAfq nWqfh lfsbv jKf dtsJsYb. ˆ jKf dEj sp, nWqfh lfb mrêk W Hfstfhfnfvƒ idvBfmok zKG. dj§Â lcde jmG ˆj bq.

zbcv™i nCvf n¶fIXsIv 4bQ zfqfsk mrfb zfïfrv mcufdrlDbslvsj Hfstfhfnfv hAfJAfq hstsYb, `dkdb nfrfpA jsvb W n©mfdbk jsvb.'

db}ns¦lsr nfrfpA W n©mfb tfH k]fv Hfstfhfnfvƒ idvBfm. dj§Â kf rstW k]fv Hfstfhfnfsj zöDjfv jvf pfq bf.

klbcv™i nCvf hcv™suv 14bQ zfqfsk Hfstfhfnfv hAfJAfq n©mfblfsbv jKf …sïJ jsvsYb. pf zfnst zihAfJAf.


zfv nCvf hfj¶fvfv 276, zfst ƒmvfb 32, 57, 140, dbnf 107, 148, mfƒlfr 64, bfrXt 23, rfÏ 38, j¶fn¶fn 77, v™m 45, wCvf 40 zfqfsk mrfb zfïfrv Hfstf bf hfnfv hAfJAfq hstsYb, dkdb wfd²Àlfb jvshb.

ˆ jKf dEj sp, wfd²Àlfb Hfstf bf hfnfvƒ idvBfmok zKG. dj§Â lcde jmG ˆj bq.�

mrfb zfïfrv hfBD W jcvzfb

zfïfr kfzftf hf¦lfsj nsìfLb jsvb, hstb, zfslw jsvb, …islw slb. k]fv hfBD zrDv mfLAsm hf ilGfv z§Àvft sKsj djQhf lCk mfvI{ mfbcsNv jfsY si]ZsY Kfsj. dkdb hstb,

}��(��.�و��Tن��)�>��ن��K�3:�%�#��א):5#��,�)��5و�?��Qو��و��א��Fb��?�Rو��3�J��K�?�®~�:�4��#*��,�R��3��#ذ��f��~�?��1{)�٥١�(7��Gא)��

zKGf{, sjfb mfbcsNv is[ nýh bq sp, zfïfr kfv nsÌ nvfndv jKf htshb WrDv (iakAfslw) mfLAm hAdksvsj, z§Àvft hAdksvsj zKhf sjfb lCk siavB hAdksvsj; zfv kJb zfïfr pf yfb kf k]fv zbcmdkÛÁsm zrD (iakAfslw) jsvb; db}ns¦lsr dkdb nmcâk, iaÎfmq. (nCvf wCvf 51 zfqfk)

dkdb mCnf jftDmcïfr �-ˆv nfsK k¶Cv ifrfsV jKf hstsYb. dkdb hstb,

}0��X��>��:�4��J�9��[�[�X��$�X>�.��و��4��J�2�[�[L��J5(�0:��<��و�5:�T��Jא):n#��و��Q%��:K�O�o��{)�١٦٤�(R� ��Gא)��

zKGf{, dbÇyq zfdm zsbj vnCstv jKf iCshG skfmfv dbje hBGbf


jsvdY ˆhQ zsbj vnCstv jKf skfmfv dbje hBGbf jdvdb. zfv mCnfv nfsK zfïfr nf[f{ hfjAftfi jsvsYb. (dbnf 164 zfqfk)

��#�%5�;#��Xل��b�\��~��(�,�X��>�ل��)��{:�Tو��O��L��%�(�o��R��B��*%�(و��o5:��O��*%�:�1�~א��O�� 1��#��K��*��L�"��;#��Oא��~�و�)��Kא�\��,�)��oא)��>�.��f�1ن��א��>��(�,��<�O��>��&�<��e�o��1��L:�%*��1ق��Xل��*��Eو��Tد��#�:��B��.�<��:�(��و��

��v��l�%(و*ل��א��)�١٤٣�(��~�O�6��"�<��:�4�oא)�*�س�� eא�~��,�o��Xل��3��Tو��>�"��OY��N�w�1�~��0�K��Gא�4Vא�)�)�١٤٤}�א��3��T�*�(و��

zKGf{, mCnf pJb zfmfv dbLGfdvk ²¿fsb …id²¿k rt ˆhQ kfv iadkiftj kfv nsÌ jKf htstb, kJb sn htt, `sr zfmfv iadkiftj! zfmfsj lwGb lfW, zfdm skfmfsj slJh.' dkdb htstb, `kcdm zfmfsj jJbƒ slJsh bf. kcdm hvQ ifrfsVv iadk t[A jv, pdl kf ö²¿fsb d²¿v Kfsj, kfrst kcdm zfmfsj slJsh.' nckvfQ pJb kfv iadkiftj ifrfsV suAfdk®mfb rstb, kJb kf ifrfVsj yCBG-dhyCBG jvt zfv mCnf nQÎfrDb rsq isV sot. zk}iv pJb sn Îfb dIsv sit, kJb htt, `mdrmmq kcdm! zfdm zbckå rsq skfmfskƒ iakAfhkGb jvtfm ˆhQ dhÇhfnDslv msLA zfdmƒ iaKm.' dkdb htstb, `sr mCnf! zfdm skfmfsj zfmfv dvnftfk W hfjA äfvf stfsjv msLA swaôk¶ dlsqdY, nckvfQ zfdm pf dltfm, kf oarB jv ˆhQ jxkÎslv z§ÀHGcÙÁ rW. (nCvf zf'vfI 143-144 zfqfk)

zflm-nr bhDslv nsÌ dkdb jKf hstsYb. dkdb dm'vfsuv vfsk swNbhD �-ˆv nfsK jKf hstsYb. djqfmskv dlsb dkdb hf¦lfv nfsK jKf htshb.


ªzfïfrgkfzftf iakAr vfsÛv swN kxkDqfQsw bDsyv zfnmfsb zhkvB jsvb ˆhQ hstb, ªsj zfmfsj Ffsj? zfdm kfv Ffsj nfVf slh. sj zfmfv dbje iafKGbf jsv? zfdm kfsj lfb jvh. ˆhQ sj zfmfv dbje [mf yfq? zfdm kfsj [mf jvh.« (hcJfvD 1145, 7494, mcndtm 1808, ncbfb zfvhfzfr, dmwjfk 1223bQ)

pJb ƒ¤Yf dkdb hstb, pf ƒ¤Yf hstb. `zfpft' sKsj nhGlf sp sjfb nmsq dkdb jKf hstb. zfv sn htfv sjfb lxóf§À sbƒ, sjfb vjmk¶ sbƒ. sjfb nxdóv htfv mk k]fv htf bq.

htf hfùtA, mrfb zfïfrv hfBD hf jKf htfv sjfb zihAfJAf oarBspfoA bq.

mrfb zfïfr hstb, }��%�:�T��$��Oن��.�<�X��&�<(א��$��(�~��%�:�K�(א�Qن��א)>�&��$�אد��T��5(�.�X

��%��S:�#��$�دQא��B��2)��١٠٩(}��~�و�)�K(א�G�� kcdm ht, `‚mfv iadkiftsjv hfBD dtdihÝ jvhfv ubA nmcla

pdl jfdt rq, kfrst ‚mfv iadkiftsjv hfBD swN rhfv iCshGƒ nmcla db}swN rsq pfsh; nfrfpAfsKG pdlW ˆv mk ‚svf ˆjde nmcla ‚bqb jdv.' (jfrI } 109)

��&��*��و�)��*�1��%~�א)��ض��X��FG:��م��و�א)>�&��$�%�3; ��{��g��<�� $��J��K�?��p3�p�4��#5:(5#��,�ن*�א:(א��%�:�T��$��{)ن)��٢٧�%L(�G��

ixdKhDv nm²À hx[ pdl jtm rq ˆhQ ˆ sp nmcla ˆv nfsK pdl zfvW nfk nmcla pcÙÁ rsq jfdt rq, khcW zfïfrv hfBD (dtsJ) swN rsh bf. dbÇyqƒ zfïfr ivfÛÁmwftD, iaÎfmq. (tcj¶mfb } 27)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb,


}��$��%:T©�}�א��2א��4��#O��:��2<"K��>:"��אXV0م��>(N��V�#Oن�ذ)<��STو�6א�$אد�:��O�a��g�9��"�.��

`(zfïfrv hfBD swN rsh bf) zKGf{, …ÙÁ idvmfB jfdt W jtm hf kfvW shdw jfdt-jtm äfvf dtsJ k]fv ÎfbHfàfv swN rsh bf. spsrkc k]fv ÎfbHfàfv z§ÀrDb.'

htfƒ hfùtA sp, zfïfrv hfBD htsk k]fv ÎfbHfàfv hcUf ntIosBv hcsUv idvi§¿D ˆhQ ±ió wè sKsj lCsv nsv zKG oarsBv bfmf§Àv. hvQ k]fv hfBD, k]fv jKf. pfv sjfb swN sbƒ. spsrkc dkdbƒ iaKm, k]fv sjfb ðv¢ sbƒ ˆhQ dkdbƒ z§À, k]fv sjfb swN sbƒ. dkdb jKf hstsYb, htsYb W htshb. pf ƒ¤Yf, spmb ƒ¤Yf W pJb ƒ¤Yf dkdb jKf hstb. k]fv jKf W hfBDv sjfb swN sbƒ, z§À sbƒ.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,��ن�{�K��1��T��#�(ل��L�3��%*��f�1א�Q��o�/�Xذ�א��f�1��%�3�3&��~�و��M�N5(א��9{)�٦٨�(� �

ªdkdbƒ uDhb lfb jsvb W mxkcA Oefb ˆhQ pJb dkdb djYc jvf d²¿v jsvb kJb dkdb hstb, `rW' ˆhQ kf rsq pfq.« (mc'dmb } 68)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, }��9�N(אM�~�°��±ذא�وf1��o/Xא��{د��אد��²,��R~��}��³f1��لL3�#(��Tن��K�1�{�J/�3��M��$Bن��"L$��3و1"&��2א)��ن��L4�Gא£�אد��ل��9�o~�א)¨L(א��TNא��

(dkdbƒ uDhb lfb jsvb W mxkcA Oefb ˆhQ pJb dkdb djYc jvf d²¿v jsvb,) zKGf{, sjfb dudbn nxdó jvfv ƒ¤Yf jsvb, (kJb


dkdb hstb, `rW' ˆhQ kf rsq pfq.)----zKGf{, snƒ ƒ¤Yfv nfsK nfsKƒ nxdó rsq pfq, pf …ÙÁ htfv zKG.

…tfmfoB hstb, ˆJfsb mrfb zfïfrv jKf htfsj zöDjfv jvf rsqsY. zKGf{, ªdkdb hstb, `rW' ˆhQ kf rsq pfq«-ˆv mfsb rt, dkdb sjfb djYc nxdó jvfv ƒ¤Yf jvst kf rsq pfq. k]fsj djYc htsk rq bf. zfv ˆt dnIfskv zihAfJAf hf zöDjfvjfvD zfwzfvDslv mkhfl.

ndEj rt, dkdb dudbn nxdó jvfv ƒ¤Yf jvst dkdb kfv …sÜswA wafhA jKfq hstb, `rW' ˆhQ k]fv jKf ðsb W mfbA j'sv kf rsq pfq.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��J�"��T��א��Xل��ذ�و��L�3و��J�2�:�B��&�Oو��J�2�X��1��bא�N��(א��J�9��!�3م��3

�ن��:�%��O{)�٥٥�(��<K��(א�G�� ªsndlb wfd²À Wslvsj oafn jvsh Wslv …iv dlj W dbsyv dlj

rsk ˆhQ dkdb htshb, `skfmvf pf jvsk kfv öfl oarB jv.« (zfbjfhCk } 55)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, 3�م�{�J9��!3�bאN�(א��J2X��ل��ª�J2:Bو��1L3ن��1#�}�و��(��M��:ل��L(��R��(��ل�وL3�:�M��:�.T��א��{��)�Nא��bא�Xذو��J"�T�

�ن:%�O�{.� �(sndlb wfd²À Wslvsj oafn jvsh Wslv …iv dlj W dbsyv dlj

rsk ˆhQ) ن dlsq ل��L� mfsb, zfdm htfv zfslw jvh. zfv M


dlsq ل�L3 mfsb zfpfsh dbpcÙÁ dIdvwkf htshb, (skfmvf pf jvsk, kfv öfl oarB jv.)

…tfmfoB hstb, `zfdm htfv zfslw jvh' iajxkis[ ˆef ˆj iajfv zKG-dhjxdk. ˆmb ncspfo rqskf ˆJfsb vsqsY. dj§Â ˆmb zsbj ufqof zfsY, spJfsb …ÙÁv™i zihAfJAfv sjfb ncspfoƒ sbƒ. spmb mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

�ن��{�%�:�K�O�6א��2��1و�� Eل��א��X)ن��)�١٠٨��(��L�3�Mد��4>��D3��1ن��T��#*��,��v�%�?א)�*א��E��1��)��و�א��?�%��و��*��Y��*��)١٠٩�(��3��w��J�9��%�O�N�w*O��1

�ن��?��K�&�/�O��J�2��J�"��Tو��M��Tذ��J�T�� o*")١١٠�(��%��,��~��B��J�2�"�3�pא)��م��ن)�١١١(}�e>��وא��*��J�9��J�2א)��pون��lא��

dkdb htshb, `skfmvf rDb zh²¿fq ˆJfsbƒ Kfj ˆhQ zfmfv nfsK sjfb jKf hstf bf. zfmfv hf¦lfslv msLA ˆjlt dYt pfvf htk, sr zfmfslv iadkiftj! zfmvf dhw¶fn jsvdY; nckvfQ kcdm zfmfslvsj [mf j'sv lfW W zfmfslv …iv lqf jv, kcdm skf lqftcslv msLA swaô lqftc. dj§Â kfslvsj dbsq skfmvf ˆskf EfÕf-dhû™i jvsk sp, kf skfmfslvsj zfmfv jKf Hcdtsq dlsqdYt; skfmvf skf kfslvsj dbsq rfdn-EfÕfƒ jvsk. zfdm zfu kfslvsj kfslv ³LspGv jfvsB ˆmbHfsh icvõxk jvtfm sp, kfvfƒ rt nItjfm.' (mc'dmbCb } 108-111)

ˆJfsb dj `dkdb htsk zfslw jvshb' zKG jvf pfsh? smfseƒ bf. jfvB ˆv zfso zfsY,


�ن��{�&�(��T��2��1��J�9א)�*��و��J�2�9��Bو��Z��:�O)١٠٤(��J�K��:�4�o�:�"�O�~�O��3Y��K�O��J�(��ن��N�K�O��2��J�"��K�1)١٠٥�(��v�(��j��X��*��Tو��O��L��:�4��<�:��*��א��(��X

�ن�)�١٠٦(�%�(��*��f�1��$�4ن��f�1��2��B��E��*��{)�١٠٧(� �ªzfÈb kfslv mcJmàtsj lÊ jvsh ˆhQ kfvf snJfsb Kfjsh

hDH{n syrfvfq. skfmfslv dbje dj zfmfv zfqfknmCr zfhxdÙ jvf rskf bf? zKy skfmvf snÈdtsj dmKAf msb jvsk. kfvf htsh, `sr zfmfslv iadkiftj! lcHGfoA zfmfslvsj sisq hsndYt ˆhQ zfmvf dYtfm ˆj dhëf§À n©ialfq. sr zfmfslv iadkiftj! ˆƒ zfÈb rsk zfmfslvsj …Ýfv jv; zk}iv zfmvf pdl icbvfq zdhw¶fn jdv, kfrst zhwAƒ zfmvf nDmftQObjfvD rh.« (mc'dmbCb } 104-107)

zfv ivhkGD (109bQ) zfqfsk vsqsY, ªzfmfv hf¦lfslv msLA ˆjlt dYt----.« nckvfQ db}ns¦lsr dkdb rstb mrfb zfïfr ˆhQ jKf rt k]fvƒ.

jcvzfb mfuDl k]fvƒ htf `jftfm' (hfBD). kf sjfb nxdó bq, hvQ kf k]fv ˆjde ÈB. dj§Â k]fv ˆƒ zfqfk

�ن�{�:�L��O��J�K5:��5(��4��Q�Y��X�� :��B��*��,{)�٣�(��Ep(א�G�� ªzfdm ˆ zhkDBG jsvdY jcvzfbv™si zfvhD HfNfq, pfsk

skfmvf hcUsk ifv.« (pcJv¢I } 3) dj§Â uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb,

}��,� ��:�B�{��$Bو��b�"K(א�}��Y�X��4�{�g!:��b��(א� �zKGf{, zfdm jcvzfbsj zfvshv HfNfq nxdó jsvdY.


db}ns¦lsr ˆ hAfJAf ˆjde hfdkt hAfJAf. nýhk} dkdb ufrmD W mc'kfdptD mcIfnXdnv pfmfJwfvD äfvf iaHfhfd¦hk rsq …ÙÁ kInDv jsvsYb. spsrkc dkdbW k]fv kInDvoas§¿ `zfdm jcvzfbsj zfvhD HfNfq nxdó jsvdY' kInDv jsvsYb. (kfInDv jfwXwfI 4/241)

i[f§Àsv ndEj kInDv rt, ªzfdm ˆ zhkDBG jsvdY jcvzfbv™si zfvhD HfNfq, pfsk skfmvf hcUsk ifv.« spmb ƒhsb ufvDv (21/562) W ƒhsb jfNDv (7/218) ˆƒ kInDvƒ jsvsYb.

…ÙÁ zfqfskv zbcv™i zfqfsk mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, �ن�{�:�L��O��J�K5:��5(��4��Q�Y��X�� (�p��*��,{)�٢�(��3�G��

ªdbÇyq zfdm ˆde zhkDBG jsvdY zfvhD HfNfq jcvzfbv™si, pfsk skfmvf hcUsk ifv.« (ƒ…ncI } 2)

nckvfQ ˆƒ zfqfk ‰ zfqfskv kInDv. zfv ˆefƒ ndEj kInDv. �


mrfb zfïfrv zfslw W dbslGw

`zfmXv' wsèv zKG hAfifv hf dhNq rsk ifsv. zfv kfv hùhyb rt `…mCv'. skmdb `zfmXv' wsèv zKG zfslw, dbslGw hf zfÎf rsk ifsv. zfv kfv hùhyb rt `zfWqfdmv'.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��Qن�,��*%�� ,�ذ�א��אد��K��1��T��#�(ل��L�3�٨٢(}ن��(I3�G��

ªk]fv hAfifv skf ˆƒ sp, dkdb pJb sjfb djYc jvsk ƒ¤Yf jsvb, kJb dkdb sjht hstb, `rW'; Ist kf rsq pfq.« (ƒqfnDb } 82)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) zfmXsvv zKG dbsqsYb `hAfifv'. zKy `dbslGw'W sbWqf spsk ifsv.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, ��#��>��א��Vض��{��:�"�E��1�R��%* ,��*%��S.��א)&��Gא)$;��p��R��%�T)�� א)

��%*��T��3.��א)�*�س��و�א��V��م��?�"*��o,�ذ�א��E��Nא��Vض��ز��2�1��E��و�אز*3*��و��*��X��J�2*��2�:�9��J5(ن��Tא�Q$��[�?��9��:��1א�Q��2��9)��0و��O��W�2��:�4د��ون��

��م��5K��"�3�ون��L�(��3mא��.�[��>�(�N�T��I��V��!�O{)�٢٤�(I��3�G�� ªh²Âk} ifdKGh uDhsbv lxóf§À skf hxdóv mk, pf zfdm zfnmfb

rsk hNGB jdv. zk}iv kfv äfvf …{iâ rq HCixsôv …dßlÈstf zdkwq Ob rsq, pf rsk mfbcN W iwcvf H[B jsv. zk}iv pJb HCdm kfv swfHf LfvB jsv W bqbfdHvfm rsq WsE ˆhQ kfv mfdtjvf msb jsv sp, kfvf ˆJb kfv iCBG zdLjfvD, kJb dlsb


zKhf vfsk kfv …iv zfmfv (zfpfshv) zfslw ˆsn isV, nckvfQ zfdm kf ˆmbHfsh dbdÇyrÁ jsv dlƒ, spb okjft kfv zd²Àk¶ƒ dYt bf. ˆv™siƒ zfqfkÈstfsj zfdm dy§ÀfwDt n©ialfsqv ubA dhwlv™si hBGbf j'sv Kfdj.« (ƒ…bcn } 24)

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, �א��#��?�%��Fg�*��و��{��Y��3�N5(א�و�אQد��9��*��R��B��*%�(و��J�9��*��

F ��:��Fbא�N�4{)د)��٥٨�9�G�� ªzfv pJb zfmfv (wfd²Àv) ùjcm ˆsn si]ZYt, kJb zfdm rClsj

ˆhQ pfvf kfv nfsK dhw¶fnD dYt kfslvsj öDq jv¢Bfq v[f jvtfm. zfv kfslvsj hf]dysq dbtfm zdk jdEb wfd²À rsk.« (rCl } 58)

…ipcGÙÁ lcƒ zfqfsk uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) zfmXsvv zKG dbsqsYb `Ifqnftf' zKhf `zfpfh'. zKy snef rt …ÙÁ `zfmXv'-ˆv idvBfmok zKG.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��o�:�4�7��"�,�ن*��*��J�Kא):n#��א)��D�:�E�M�N5א) *%��و�א��و�א��Vض��1~��"*3��g*�مJ�h�*�א

:�>�#��?��QS��Sو�א)�*%��Iو�א)�L%��و�א)�;��م�� w*��א��Fא)��ش��3!��~�א):��5.��א)�*��2 �3��v�%�(��(א�;b��#n:(א��<�O��Vو�א��D:�w(��6)�#��א�� Gא�4Vא�)��٥٤(}� �

ªdbÇyq skfmfslv iadkiftj zfïfr dpdb zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhDsj Yq dlsb nxdó jsvb, zk}iv dkdb zfvsw nmcâk rb. dkdbƒ dlhnsj vfdÛ äfvf zf¤Yfdlk jsvb; Wslv ˆsj zbAsj û¢kodksk zbcnvB jsv. zfv (nxdó jsvsYb) nCpG, y¦la W b[Ûvfdusj, pf kf]vƒ zfÎfLDb. susb vfJ, nxdó jvf ˆhQ


dbslGwlfb kf]vƒ jfu. dkdb mdrmmq dhÇh iadkiftj.« (zf'vfI } 54)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) zfmXsvv zKG dbsqsYb `jclvk' hf [mkf. zKy `dbslGw' hf `zfÎf' `zfmXv'-ˆv zfnt zKG. ˆƒ kInDsv dkdb wè sKsj hù lCsv nsv dosq zKG oarB jsvsYb.

htf hfùtA, ˆƒ ²¿st ƒhsb ufvDv (vfdrmfùïfr) hstsYb, `---ˆ nh djYc k]fvƒ zfÎfLDb. dkdb kfslvsj zfslw jsvsYb, kfvf k]fv zfslw iftb jsvsY. k]fvƒ njt nxdó W zfslw, pf t£ObDq bq. dkdb YfVf sjfb djYcƒ k]fv zfslw vÜ jvsk ifsv bf. sn …ifnA W iadkmfÈstfW ifsv bf, mcwdvjvf pfslv …ifnbf j'sv Kfsj, pfvf sjfb zijfv jvsk ifsv bf, …ijfv jvsk ifsv bf, nxdó jvsk ifsv bf ˆhQ dbslGw dlsk ifsv bf.'

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, �ن��)�٢(��:�>��א)�;وم��{�<�:�!��J�2�<�:��$��J�9ض��و��Vא�o~��)�٣(�1~��د��1

�ن��l�%(�3��א�FN��v)�:��#5א�X��V>�.��و��$��و��3��]�/��Gא)�وم)٤(�� ªsvfmjoB ivfduk rsqsY ---(zfvshv) dbjehkDG zÑst.

dj§Â Wvf Wslv ˆ ivfusqv iv wDOaƒ dhuq tfH jvsh---jsqj hYsvv msLAƒ, zfsov W isvv njt dbslGw zfïfrvƒ. sndlb dhw¶fnDvf zfbd¦lk rsh.« (v™m } 2-4)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) zfmXsvv zKG dbsqsYb `ƒvflf' hf ƒ¤Yf. zKy ƒ¤Yf sjfb hyb bq, zfv zfslw-dbslGw rt hyb W ùjcm. sp ùjcm j'sv sjfb djYcv …sÜswA `rW' htstƒ kf rsq pfq.


mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, و��J�K�(��*wא):��5.��و�א)�*��2و�א)�*%��Iو�א)�L%��و�א)�;��م�� w*��א�� ,�ن*��1~��{

�ن��:�L��3�م��L�(�F��3W�(��>�(ذ�{)א)�&.)��١٢�G�� ªdkdbƒ skfmfslv jtAfsB dbsqfduk jsvsYb vubD, dlhn, nCpG

ˆhQ y¦lasj; zfv b[ÛvfduW zLDb vsqsY kf]vƒ zfÎfv; zhwAƒ ˆsk shfLwdÙÁn©iâ n©ialfsqv ubA vsqsY dblwGb.« (bfrXt } 12)

…ÙÁ zfqfskW `zfmXv' hf zfÎfv mfsb jsvsYb `ƒvflf' hf ƒ¤Yf. dhdlk sp, zfwzfvD dIjGfv stfsjvf mrfb zfïfrv hfydbj zfslw-dbslGw hf jKfsj dhw¶fn jsv bf, dhLfq kfvf bfbf zihAfJAf jsv.

mrfb zfïfr hstb, و��O��3Y#��ن��3�.��א)��3>��א��Fو�)��J�K�L3�N*?�%�"�#��و�)�"��Mא)��:<��{

��Gא)�وم)��٤٦(}�� و�)�"�>�"�!��א��1/�:�#��و�)��:��K��O��J�K5ون�� ªzfv k]fv dblwGbnmCsrv msLA ˆjde ˆƒ sp, dkdb

ncnQhflhfrDv™si hfqc siavB jsvb; pfsk dkdb skfmfslvsj dbu zbcoar zföflb jvfb ˆhQ pfsk k]fv dbslGsw utpfbÈdt dhyvB jsv, zfv pfsk skfmvf k]fv zbcoar náfb jvsk ifv ˆhQ k]fv jxkÎ rsk ifv.« (v™m } 46)

ˆJfsbW dkdb `zfmXv' hf dbslGswv zKG dbsqsYb `ƒvflf' hf ƒ¤Yf. zKy utpfb zfïfrv ƒ¤Yf ufbsk ifsv bf. k]fv hfydbj ùjcm YfVf sjfb djYcƒ nxdó rq bf. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

�ن�{�K��1��T��#�(ل��L�3ن��Q�٨٢(},��*%�� ,�ذ�א��אد��(I3�G��


ªk]fv hAfifv skf ˆƒ sp, dkdb pJb sjfb djYc jvsk ƒ¤Yf jsvb, kJb dkdb sjht hstb, `rW'; Ist kf rsq pfq.« (ƒqfnDb } 82)

�ن�{�K��1��T��#�(ل��L*ذ�א��د�� ن��,�FR�~��(��(��X��%*��,{)א)�&.)��٤٠�G�� ªzfdm sjfb djYc jvfv ƒ¤Yf jvst sn dhNsq zfmfv jKf ðLc

ˆƒ sp, zfdm hdt, `rW' Ist kf rsq pfq.« (bfrXt } 40)

mrfb zfïfrv tÏfshfL mrfbhD � hstb, ªdbÇyq skfmfslv iaHc tÏfwDt zbcoarivfqB,

hf¦lf pJb k]fv dlsj lcƒ rfk skfst, kJb kf wCbA W dbvfwHfsh dIdvsq dlsk hf¦lf sKsj tÏf jsvb.« (zfhclf†l 2/78, dkvdmpD 5/557)

dkdb hf¦lfv ƒ¤Yf zbcpfqD djYc jsvb hf bf jsvb, slb hf bf slb, kfsk sjfb Hq jsvb bf, Hq jsvb bf db¦lf hf H{Gnbfv. khcW dkdb ˆk hV mrfbcHh sp, hf¦lf rfk ifkst, kfsj bf dlsk tÏfshfL jsvb!

dbtGÏ hf¦lf dbtGÏkf W zw½Dtkf ialwGb jsv, zfv iaHc kf slsJW stfjmfsU iajfw jvsk zKhf [mf bf jvsk tÏfshfL jsvb!

mrfb zfïfr tÏfwDt, ksh dkdb rj htsk W hqfb jvsk tÏf W nQsjfyshfL jsvb bf. (zfrmfl, hcJfvD, mcndtm, dkvdmpD, dmwjfk 433, 3192bQ)

mrfb zfïfr hstb, }��2�X��1��%�1�g�j��*��0�S��b��/�3ن��~��&�"� ��Gא)>G�L)�)�٢٦},�ن*�א�3��6��#5:(� �


zKGf{, zfïfr mwf djQhf kfv sKsj …¤y (zKhf [cû) ipGfsqv sjfb h²Âv …lfrvB dlsk tÏfshfL jsvb bf. (hfj¶fvfr 26 zfqfk)

��א)�*>�~��,�)��5ن��3�lذ�ن��)��K�(�,��J�o|��م��{��א��:�E�$�O��(א��Y��3�N5(3��3;��2א��J�"�%��|ذ�א��f�1א��:�E��1د��J�"��4ذ�א�د��,��K�(��3,�� و��v� ��"� ��1"��وא�و�)��

��~��&�"� )�&��FA3�$,�ن*�ذ�)��T��J�Kن��l�3ذ��Mא)�*>�~*��1 �"�&��~��J�Kو�א):5�(��#��3��J�K��:�L�(��2|��J�K�(ذ��Fb��?�R��9*��و��א��(��1��Q4��"��*��9��%�"(��א)&��Dو�,�ذ�א�

��:�Xو�� $��#�Bא��ز�و�א��&�K��Oل��א):5#��و�)��ن��2*�و��Tن��)��J�Kن��l�Oذ�وא��Q%��\�4��#5:(ن��4�$��א��T��J�K�(א�,�ن*�ذ�Q$��{)�٥٣�(bאp?Vא�G��

ªsr dhw¶fdnoB! skfmfslv zbcmdk bf slWqf rst skfmvf zfrfpG ia²Àcdkv ubA zsi[f bf j'sv sHfusbv ubA bhD-oxsr iashw jsvf bf. ksh skfmfslvsj zfrhfb jvf rst skfmvf iashw jv ˆhQ sHfub-swsN skfmvf yst pfW; skfmvf jKfhfkGfq mwÈt rsq isVf bf. jfvB ˆ bhDv ubA jólfqj; sn skfmfslvsj …sE pfhfv ubA htsk tÏfshfL jsv. dj§Â zfïfr nkA htsk tÏfshfL jsvb bf. skfmvf kfv ikDslv dbje rsk djYc yfƒst ilGfv z§Àvft rsk yfW. ˆ dhLfb skfmfslv ˆhQ kfslv r™lsqv ubA zdLjkv idhÛ. skfmfslv jfvW is[ zfïfrv vnCtsj jó slWqf zKhf kfv mxkcAv iv kfv ikDslvsj dhhfr jvf jJbW nQok bq. dbÇyq zfïfrv lxdósk ˆ sOfvkv zivfL.« (‚rXpfh } 53)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) …ÙÁ zfqfsk …dïdJk `dj§Â zfïfr nkA htsk tÏfshfL jsvb bf'-ˆƒ zfqfkJsàv kInDsv dtsJsYb,


#��µ3�6�M��JKB�¶ن��.� �zKGf{, skfmfslvsj shv jvfv hAfifsv. zKGf{, dkdb rj hBGbf

huGb jsvb bf. zKy ˆ zKG tÏfv idvBfmok. kfviv ˆJfsb spb lcƒ vjm

jKf htf rsqsY, `skfmfslvsj shv jvsk tÏfshfL jsvb bf', zfhfv `dkdb rj hqfb jvsk tÏfshfL jsvb bf.' ndEj zKG rt swsNfÙÁde. ksh `tÏf jvf'v zKG `huGb jvf' jvfef dEj bq. jfvB kf ±iófsKGv idvi§¿D.�

mrfb zfïfrv slJf

mrfb zfïfr lwGb jsvb, slsJb. nckvfQ kfv hAfJAfq `ufsbb' htf ndEj bq. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

��ن*�א):7��3��#5{��J�:��3��J�(��{)�١٤�(D:�(א�G�� ªksh dj sn zhok bq sp, zfïfr (kfv nhdjYc) slJsYb?«

(‚tfj¶ }14) …ÙÁ zfqfskv kInDsv uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb,

�.��3�M��#��$e�:%#��1ز4�#3:�# �zKGf{, (zfïfr slJsYb) sn pf jvsY, zKGf{, dkdb ufbsYb

dhLfq kfv …iv kfsj hltf slshb. ufbfef slJfv idvBfmok zKG. dj§Â zsKGv dlj sKsj slJf W

ufbf ˆj dudbn bq. htf hfùtA, mrfb zfïfr slsJb, ˆ jKf spb zöDjfv bf jvf rq.�


mrfb zfïfr pfsrv W hfskb

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, �9��א)��و*ل��و�א)��EWو�א)\��9�5و�א)>�{�J��:�4�FR�~��.�K��אc$3$)��٣(}�|��و��9 �

ªdkdbƒ zfdl, z§À, hAÙÁ W Èå ˆhQ dkdb nhGdhNsq nmAj zhdrk.« (rflDl } 3)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) hstsYb, �אس:�א)\��9c4:�#،�وא)>�|��4,د�א��א�g(دV��.� �

zKGf{, k]fv hAfifsv iamfBfdl äfvf dkdb hAÙÁ ˆhQ ƒd¦ûsqv zbcHh sKsj dkdb zhAÙÁ.

zKy …dyk dYt ˆv bhhD hAfJAf oarB jvf. zfïfrv bhD � k]fv lczfsk htskb,

�R�~��>د�و��I��:�1��|��<(و��א�،�R�~��>�X��1��I��:�1��9�5\(و��א.....� �zKGf{, kcdmƒ hAÙÁ, skfmfv †sL¶G djYc sbƒ ˆhQ kcdmƒ (nxdóv

sofysv) zhAÙÁ, skfmfv dbje zhAÙÁ djYc sbƒ. (mcndtm 7064bQ) ˆƒ hAfJAf äfvf shfUf pfq sp, dkdb njt nxdóv †sL¶G ˆhQ dkdb

njt dhNsq nmAj zhdrk. dkdb nhGswafkf W nhGûóf.

mrfb zfïfrv vfo W sÛÁfL zns§ÀfN, vfo, svfN hf sÛÁfL mrfb zfïfrv ˆjde jmGok ÈB.

pfv Ist dkdb sÛÁfLHfub hAdÙÁsj OxBf jsvb ˆhQ kfv dbje sKsj iadkswfL oarB jsvb. dkdb hstb,


}��#��:�4��#n:(/��אو��א��2��1Q$�(��E��J*��2�B�� xY�p��1א�Q$�%��";��Q��l��.�"L�3و��Q%��\�4��Q��Gא)� �R)��٩٣(}و�)��#��و��N�4��#�(�*$�4א

zKGf{, sp sj… ƒ¤YfjxkHfsh sjfb mc'dmbsj rkAf jvsh, kfv wfd²À ufrfâfm. snJfsb sn dyvjft Kfjsh ˆhQ zfïfr kfv iadk v¢ó rshb, kfsj zdHn©ifk jvshb ˆhQ kfv ubA mrfwfd²À ia²Âk j'sv vfJshb. (nCvf dbnf 93 zfqfk)

}��G��EW(א��א�� 3��$�X��J�2��:�4��#5:(א��/��Q��Xא��5(��"�O��(א��Y��3�N5(3��3;��2א��5��K(א��I��3��%�T��<�L(א��b��&�e{)�١٣�(g�&"%א��G��

zKGf{, sr dhw¶fdnoB! zfïfr sp n©ialfsqv iadk sÛÁfLfd¦hk, skfmvf kfslv nfsK háck¶ jsvf bf, kfvf skf ivjft n©isjG rkfw rsq isVsY; spmb rkfw rsqsY zdhw¶fnDvf jhvhfnDslv dhNsq. (nCvf mcmkfdrbfr 13 zfqfk)

dkdb zfsvf hstb, }�J�2�(��%�4��<�?��1��#א��jא��9��Tא):5#��و��w��א��<*Oא��J�2*��))�٢٨}ذ��(<��

zKGf{, ˆef ˆ ubA sp, pf zfïfrsj zn§Âó jsv, kfvf kfv zbcnvB jsv ˆhQ kf]v n§Âdósj ziY¦l jsv, nckvfQ dkdb kfslv jmG db®It j'sv slb. (nCvf mcrf©mfl 28 zfqfk)

��J�2ن��{��J�2�(��*$�X��I��<�(�وא��T��3�N5(ن��א��5(��"�3��J�2��א��Qa�S�T�7��O��wא):��J�2��:�4��#nو��1~�א)��Nא��E��J�9��b)�$�ون�{)�٨٠�(G$א��G��

zKGf{, kfslv zsbjsj kcdm zdhÇhfnDslv nfsK háck¶ jvsk slJsh. kfslv jxkjmG jk dbjxó, sp jfvsB zfïfr kfslv …iv vfofd¦hk rsqsYb! zfv kfvf dyvjft wfd²ÀsHfo jvsh. (nCvf


mfƒlfr 80 zfqfk) }�v��%�B��J�9��X��1��J�2��%�L�"א��Y��*%�:�1{)�٥٥�(��Ep(א�G��

zKGf{, pJb Wvf zfmfsj sÛÁfLfd¦hk jvt, zfdm Wslv dbje sKsj iadkswfL oarB jvtfm ˆhQ Wslv njtsj Fcdhsq mfvtfm. (nCvf pcJv¢I 55 zfqfk)

dj§Â uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) mrfb zfïfrv oph, vfo hf sÛÁfLsj `zfpfh' dlsq hAfJAf jsvsYb. …lfrvB öv™i slJcb } nCvf zf'vfI 152 zfqfk.

db}ns¦lsr zfpfh W wfd²À k]fv vfo W sÛÁfsLvƒ idvBfm. dj§Â kf rstW k]fv vfo hf sÛÁfLsj zöDjfv jvf pfq bf.

�mrfb zfïfrv sjZwt, yÛÁf§À W NVp§Ã

wÛ¢v dbje sKsj iadkswfL sbWqfv ubA sofib …ifq iasqfo jvst sjZwt, NVp§Ã ƒkAfdl htf rq. ˆ jfu nfLfvBHfsh mrfb zfïfrv nc¦lv ÈBfhtD bq. hvQ lcwmsbv mcjfdhtfq ˆv iasqfo iawQnbDq. spsrkc kfsk k]fv ƒtXm, jclvk W znDm [mkfv dhjfw Ose.

mrfb zfïfr hstb, }�J�2�4د��E��Gא)� �R)��١٤٢(},�ن*�א)%��w�3��v�L�1د��4�ن��א):n#��و��9� �

ªdbÇyq mcbfdIj (jie) hAdÙÁvf zfïfrsj iakfdvk jvsk yfq. h²Âk} dkdbW kfslvsj iakfdvk jsv Kfsjb. (dbnf } 142)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) hstsYb, }��E$א�o:4�J24¦�ز�E�{�J23د�J24و9 �


zKGf{, dkdb kfslv iakfvBfv hltf dlsq Kfsjb. ��و��K�%�3��ون��{�B��w�3و��:�"L�3و��"�<�S��(�وא��T��3�N5(א��>��K�%�3و�,�ذ��

��3��T��%(א��E��#n:(و�א��#n:(א��K�%�3و�{)ل)��٣٠��Vא�G�� zKGf{, n¹vB jv, pJb zdhÇhfnDvf skfmfv dhv¢sÝ NVp§Ã jsv

skfmfsj h¦lD jvfv ubA, rkAf zKhf dbhGfdnk jvfv ubA. kfvf NVp§Ã jsv ˆhQ zfïfrW NVp§Ã jsvb. zfv NVp§ÃjfvDslv msLA zfïfr swaô. (nCvf zfbIft 30 zfqfk)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) hstsYb, ��ن��و?�o,)�<��د��و �و��}و±��Kא�� {��a�$"��J2��

��3{��»�وج�Tא��aEوא��{#��J2%:4��.� �`(ˆhQ zfïfrW NVp§Ã jsvb) skfmfv hAh²¿fibf j'sv, nckvfQ

kfslv NVps§Ãv jKf skfmfsj zrDv mfLAsm ufdbsq dlsqsYb ˆhQ skfmfsj shv rsk (druvk jvsk) zfslw dlsqsYb. (zfv NVp§ÃjfvDslv msLA zfïfr swaô) zKGf{, dkdb NVps§Ãv hAifsv kfslv yfƒsk shdw ufsbb.

}��.�X��O��3Y�~�1��K*��J�2�(ذ�א��,��J�2�"* ��Rא*��j��$��g�%�?א)�*�س��Xو�,�ذ�א��ذ��ن��K�%�Oون��<�"K�3��:��ع��Q�Kא�,�ن*��#n:�٢١(}א)�(I��3�G��

ªmfbcNsj sjfb dhil ±iwG jvfv iv pJb zfdm kfslvsj sjfb dbqfmskv öfl …isHfo jvfƒ, kJbƒ kfvf zfmfv zfqfknmCr nìsá lCvdHndá (jcmkth) jvsk Kfsj. kcdm hst lfW, `zfïfr lcvdHndásk zdLj k{iv.' dbÇyqƒ zfmfv dIdvñfoB skfmfslv njt lcvdHndá dtdihÝ jvsY.« (ƒ…bcn } 21)


uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) hstsYb, �¦�زא�K��{�Gא��ع�א��{ �

`zfïfr lcvdHndásk zdLj k{iv.' zKGf{, hltf dlsk. ��Gא)�4$)��١٣(}و��3��J�9د�)��ن��1~�א):n#��و��9��$3�$א)%�&��ل�{� �

zKGf{, Wvf zfïfr nìsá dhkàf jsv; zfv dkdb mrf yÛÁf§ÀjfvD (mrfwdÙÁwftD). (nCvf vf'l 13 zfqfk)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) hstsYb, }��G}�א¸�ل��$3$�و9L(و�א��NEVא� �

zKGf{, dkdb [mkf W ifjVfWsqv hAfifsv jdEb. ��Gא)�%.)��٥٠(}و��Kوא��Q�Kא�و��Q�K��Kא�و��J�9)��3��ون�{� �

zKGf{, Wvf yÛÁf§À jsvdYt ˆhQ zfdmW yÛÁf§À jvtfm, dj§Â Wvf hcUsk ifsvdb. (nCvf bfmXt 50 zfqfk)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) hstsYb, �"��.��Bز�3�K��{�M��J9�א�و��K��K�א�{�ذ)<��i}�و�K�وא�{�

J2"��L4.� �`zfdmW yÛÁf§À jvtfm' zKGf{, nk¶v wfd²À dlsq kfslvsj hltf

dltfm. ��Gא)^��ق)��١٦(}و��Q$��T��$��Tא)��١٥(,��*��K�3��J�2$�ون��Q$��Tא{� �

zKGf{, dbÇyq kfvf HDNB yÛÁf§À jsv ˆhQ zfdmW HDNB sjZwt jdv. (nCvf k¶fdvj 15-16 zfqfk)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) hstsYb, }�$�Tא�و�$�T�{�J2B�$"��A�?�6ن��%:�3.� �


`zfdmW HDNB sjZwt jdv' zKGf{, zfdm kfslvsj ÛÁsm ÛÁsm ˆmbHfsh ifjVfW jdv sp, kfvf ufbskW ifsv bf!

htf hfùtA, mrfb zfïfrv snƒ sjZwt W yÛÁfs§Àv m¦l zKG dbsq kfv zihAfJAf jvf ³hL bq.�

mrfb zfïfrv zfnf

mrfb zfïfrv zfnfv jKf jcvzfb mfuDslƒ nfhA²À. dkdb zfsnb, spmb k]fv nÙfv nfsK swfHbDq. sjfb nxdóv zfnfv mk k]fv zfnf bq. sn zfnfv sjfb …lfrvBW sbƒ. dkdb hstb,

��ن��J�2��O��3א):�1��#n~��:�.��א)!�%��م��و�א)��g�K��¹�%و��X/�~��א�3��.�9��V�\��ون��,��56{��Vא��]�B��O��#n:(א�o�(�,و�{)�٢١٠�(G�L<(א�G��

zKGf{, kfvf sjht ˆ iakD[fq zfsY sp, zfïfr smsOv Yfqfq dIdvñfoBnr kfslv jfsY …id²¿k rshb, zk}iv nh djYcv mDmfQnf rsq pfsh. zfv nh dhNq zfïfrvƒ dbje iakAfhdkGk rsq Kfsj. (nCvf hfj¶fvfr 210 zfqfk)

}��e��e��>�:�%(و�א��>;��R��Bא)��)��٢٢(}و��G�� zKGf{, pJb skfmfv iadkiftj zfomb jvshb zfv

nfdvhÝHfsh dIdvñfoBW (nmcid²¿k rsh). (IfuXv 22 zfqfk) djqfmskv dlb mrfb zfïfrv zfnfv jKf rflDsnW iadnÝ. htf hfùtA, k]fv zfnfv hAfJAf `k]fv dbslGw zfnf' jvf ShL bq.

spsrkc kf ±ió zsKGv idvi§¿D W ntIslv zfjDlfv dhsvfLD. spmb ˆ iawW ShL bq sp, dkdb zfvw-nr zfnshb, bfdj zfvw

sYsV zfnshb? spsrkc sn zfnfv iajxkk¶ sjht dkdbƒ ufsbb.


uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) iaKsmfÙÁ zfqfsk zfïfrv …id²¿k rWqfv kInDsv dtsJsYb, k]fv zfslw hf dbslGw …id²¿k rsh. swsNfÙÁ zfqfskv kInDsvW kfƒ dtsJsYb.

�}�>;��~�O��3و��g�K��¹�%(א��J�2��O��O�3��.�9�\��ون��,��56ن�{)م)��١٥٨��Vא�G�� ªkfvf dj ˆvƒ iakD[f jsv sp, kfslv dbje dIdvñf zfnsh

djQhf skfmfv iadkiftj zfnshb---.« (‚bX‚m } 158) uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) …ÙÁ zfqfskv kInDsv dtsJsYb,

�~O�3و��>��:g4� �.�O��04�M#�א)$א)�o:4�gא) �`skfmfv iadkiftj zfnshb' zKGf{, djqfmskv iamfB öv™i

k]fv dblwGbfhtD zfnsh. zfnst ˆ hAfJAfsk mrfb zfïfrv zfnfsj zöDjfv jvf rq.

ƒhsb ufvDv (vfdrmfùïfr) k]fv kInDsv dtsJsYb, �� x��h�.Bل��L3�:��hوVא�J2��ن�وאeV��م�,��6ن��R6l9��\"�3�.9א)��د)�ن�

��v��$%_��3�>��J2�O�3و��ن��J2?وא��<L"1��gK�0א��J2�O�Og��L(א��X��i�#L:E.� �

mrfb zfïfr htsYb, pfvf mCdkG W iadkmfnmCrsj kfslv iadkiftsjv nmj[ msb jsv, kfvf dj ˆƒ zsi[f jsv sp, dIdvwkf mxkcA zfbqb j'sv kfslv iafB rvB jvshb zKhf kfslv dbje sr mcrf©mfl skfmfv iadkiftj djqfmskv zh²¿fbs[sÛ k]fv nxdóv nfmsb zfnshb? (kInDv k¶fhfvD 5/404)�


mrfb zfïfrv Ic{jfv jvf

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��3�$�B��א�)�#��L�1�~�?��1#��;و��w�3"�#��و��*��א��c)��٢٩(}�f�1ذ�א� �}�3*��א�)�#��f�1��3�$�Bذ�א��L�1�~�?��1#��;و��wص)��٧٢(}"�#��و��G��

ªpJb zfdm kfsj ncEfm jvh ˆhQ kfsk zfmfv v™r I]cjh, kJb skfmvf kfv iadk dnulfhbk rsqf.' (druXv } 29, n¶fl } 72)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, ª(I]cjh) zKGf{, ufvD jvh (nÑftb hf yftc jvh).«

ˆjƒ zsKG hfQtf zbchfsl stJf rq, `pJb zfdm kfsj ncEfm jvh ˆhQ kfsk zfmfv v™r nÑfv jvh, kJb skfmvf kfv iadk dnulfhbk rsqf.'

nýhk} uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) `I]cjf' wsèv hAfJAf jsvsYb. dj§Â ˆ hAfJAf zfqfskv ±iófsKGv idvi§¿D. spsrkc kfv ±iófKG rt, mrfb zfïfr k]fv v™r zflsmv mfsU I]csjdYstb. zhwA k]fv sn Ic{jfv sjfb nxdóv Ic{jfv hf I]cjfv mskf bq. htf hfùtA, nÑfv hf nÑftb jvf I]cjfv idvBfmok zKG.

…ÙÁ zfqfsk mrfb zfïfr htsk sysqsYb, ªzfmfv v™r I]cjh« zKGf{, snƒ v™r hf iafB, pfv mfdtj ˆjmfÛ zfdmƒ. zfdm YfVf pfv hAfifsv sj… sjfb ˆJdkqfv vfsJ bf ˆhQ pf I]csj dlstƒ ˆƒ mfdev jsthv uDhb, bVf-yVfv [mkf W ³ldrj wdÙÁ zuGb jvsh. mfbcsNv n©mfb W mpGflfv ubA ˆ jKfƒ psKó sp, kfsk snƒ v™r I]cjf rsqsY, pfsj zfïfr kfzftf `zfmfv v™r' hst zfJAfdqk jsvsYb. (zfrnfbct hfqfb)


� �iaw²À zKGsj nQjDBG hf nDdmk jvf

kInDsv uftftfƒsbv zbAkm Û¢de ˆƒ sp, uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) zsbj iaw²À zKGshfLj wsèv zKG hf hAfJAfq nQjDBG hf nDdmk zKGshfLj wè iasqfo jsvsYb. spmb zsbsj `tf ƒtfrf ƒïfïfr'v zbchfl dhLfblfkf hf ùjcmjkGf j'sv Kfsjb. `ƒtfr' hf …ifnA ˆjde hAfij wè, pfv msLA dhLfblfkf W ùjcmjkGfW wfdmt zfsY. dj§Â nfmdqj iasqfusb zsbsj nQjDBG zKG oarB j'sv iayfv j'sv Kfsjb, pf zhwAƒ ndEj bq.

ˆ msmG zfmvf djYc bmcbf …sïJ jvh. rqskf icsvf kInDv rsk ˆƒ swaBDv Û¢de …sïJ jvsk n[m rh bf. zfwf jdv hcdÝmfb dw[j W YfÛ kf nrsuƒ zbcmfb j'sv njt ²¿fsbƒ dhNqde zbcLfhb jvsk ifvshb.

}��.��<��ن��1~��:�O��L�3�وא��T��3�N5(و�א��#n:(א��.��<��ن��1~��:�O��L�3�א��Y��3�N5(א��jن��T��ن�� ن��,�ن*��T$��א)�*�� א��و�)��Rא)�*��:�O��L�1��5 �א)� �R)��٧٦(}א) �

ªpfvf dhÇhfnD kfvf zfïfrv isK nQoafm jsv ˆhQ pfvf zdhÇhfnD kfvf kfoCskv isK nQofm jsv. nckvfQ skfmvf wqkfsbv hácslv dhv¢sÝ nQoafm jv. dbÇyq wqkfsbv sjZwt lchGt.« (dbnf } 76)

}��#n:(�4�$��א�g��S��>�(ذ��»��J�K��<��.�9��.�X��#��:�4��/و��#n:(#��א��5(��4�;.�j��و��K*��®��>��(و��5 و��B��J�2��.א)��Lد��Gو�א)�w��ز��3و��4>�$��א)

�.��<* ��א�Rא)�{)�٦٠�(G$א��G��


ht, `zfdm dj skfmfslvsj ˆ zsi[f dbjxó idvBfsmv nQhfl slh, pf zfïfrv dbje zfsY? pfsj zfïfr zdHn©ifk jsvsYb, pfv …iv dkdb sÛÁfLfd¦hk, pfslv jkjsj dkdb hfbv W jkjsj wCjv hfdbsqsYb ˆhQ pfvf kfoCskv …ifnbf jsv, mpGflfq kfvfƒ dbjxó ˆhQ nvt iK rsk nhGfdLj dhycAk.' (mfdqlfr } 60)

…ÙÁ zfqfk lcdesk uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) `kfoCk'-ˆv kInDsv `wqkfb' dtsJsYb.

}��J�2��%�1��5 �א�א)�<��"�Bو�א��#n:(��6ن��א�4>�$�وא�א��*��Fg*��.�T�~�1��S��$�L�(و� ��aوא�1�~�א��Vض��1��\��وא��1��g�(0*/(#��א�4:��5L�?��*��J�2��و��#n:(�7�$�9א��*�

�v��N�K�%(א��g�<�X��4ن��T��T{)�٣٦�(��Gא)�&. �ªzhwAƒ zfdm iaskAj ufdkv msLA vnCt ifdEsqdY ˆƒ dbslGw

dlsq sp, skfmvf zfïfrv …ifnbf jv W kfoCk sKsj lCsv Kfj. zk}iv kfslv jkjsj zfïfr n{isK idvyfdtk jsvb ˆhQ kfslv jksjv …iv ëókf zhLfdvk rq. nckvfQ skfmvf ixdKhDsk idvëmB jsv slJ, pfvf nkAsj dmKAf hstsY kfslv idvBfm dj rsqsY.« (bfrXt } 36)

�א�,�)��oא):��J�2�(��#5א)>��1�7>��{��5��ن��3��>�$�و��9و�� א�א)�<��"�B��3א�N5(و�א��Gא)��p)��١٧(}�4>��د��

ªpfvf kfoCskv iCuf rsk lCsv Kfsj ˆhQ zfïfrv zbcvfoD rq, kfslv ubA zfsY ncnQhfl. zkˆh ncnQhfl lfW zfmfv lfnslvsj---« (pcmfv } 17)

…ÙÁ zfqfk lcdesk uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) `kfoCk'-ˆv kInDsv `mCdkG' dtsJsYb.


zKy kfoCk rt iaskAj snƒ iCuAmfb …ifnA, sp zfïfrv idvhskG iCduk rq ˆhQ sn kfv ˆƒ iCufq n©mk Kfsj zKhf zfïfr W klDq vnCstv zhfLAkfq iaskAj zbcnxk hf mfdbk hAdÙÁsjƒ `kfoCk' htf rq.

ˆ lcdbqfq kfoCk hù zfsY. zhwA kfslv iaLfb rt i]fyde }- (j) wqkfb. (J) zfïfrv dhLfb dhjxkjfvD zkAfyfvD wfnj. (o) zfïfrv zhkDBGjxk dhLfb sYsV zbA dhLfbfbcnfsv

dhyfvjkGf wfnj. (O) zfïfr hAkDk ƒtsm ofsqh (ofsqhD hf zlxwA Jhv ufbfv)

lfhDlfv. (M) zfïfrv idvhskG (bpv-dbqfp, mfbk, dnulf iaHxdk l¶fvf)

pfv iCuf jvf W pfsj (dhisl) zfrhfb jvf rq ˆhQ sn ˆsk n©mk Kfsj.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��%��2��و�ذ��وא�א)5�3��3�N:&�$�ون��1~�� %��Rא)&� ��1�o�د��4�Vא��#n:�(و��#��W

�א�3��%�:��ن��Tو�ن��p��Gא�4Vא�)��١٨٠(}� �ª…Ùm bfmnmCr zfïfrvƒ. nckvfQ skfmvf sn nh bfsmƒ k]fsj

Ffsjf. zfv pfvf kf]v bfm nìsá hÛÁiK zhtìb jsv, kfslvsj huGb jv, kfslv jxkjsmGv It kfslvsj slWqf rsh.« (zf'vfI } 180)

�٨(},�)�9��5��)�#��א)��%��Rא)&� ��oא):��#5)��,�)�#��{�(#|�G�� ªzfïfr, dkdb YfVf zbA sjfb (nkA) …ifnA sbƒ, nm²À …Ùm

bfm k]fvƒ.« (k¶f-rf } 8)


}��~�1��#�(��Z�<� �3�o�� 9��א):��#5א)��D�(��wא)>��{��א)%�]��)�#��א)��%��Rא)&��Gא��c)��٢٤(}�و��9��א)��p3�pא)&��J��Kא) *%��و�א��و�א)��ض��

ªdkdbƒ zfïfr nxubjkGf, …ßfhbjkGf, v™ilfkf. njt …Ùm bfm kf]vƒ. zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhDsk pf djYc zfsY, nm²Àƒ kf]v idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jsv. zfv dkdbƒ ivfÛÁmwftD, iaÎfmq.« (rfwXv } 24)

…ÙÁ dkbde zfqfsk uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) `zfnmf-ˆ-ùnbf' (…Ùm bfmnmCr)-ˆv kInDsv dtsJsYb, `rflDsn hdBGk 99de bfm.'

mrfb zfïfr hstb, �%��Rא)&� ��oو��6{�V#��אא�1�:��4�$�O��*��3��%�?*�(א�א��X.��אد��4�א�א):n#��و��אد��4

�"��1��2و�א��w�O��6و��>�O�0�[��2��O0��<��١١٠(}¼��ذ�)�<��(Rא��Gא£� �ªht, skfmvf `‚ïfr' bfsm ‚rhfb jv zKhf `vrmfb' bfsm

‚rhfb jv, skfmvf sp bfsmƒ ‚rhfb jv, k]fv vsqsY nc¦lv bfmfhtD. zfv kcdm bfmfsp skfmfv öv …¤y jsvf bf ˆhQ zdkwq [DBW jsvf bf; hvQ ˆƒ lcƒ-ˆv mLAhkGD iK zhtìb jsvf.« (hfbD ƒnaf„t } 110)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk …dïdJk `zfnmf-ˆ-ùnbf'v kInDsv ƒmfm dkvdmpDv 99 bfsmv (3507bQ) rflDnde …sïJ jsvsYb. zKy rflDnde nrDr bq. (û} p} ufsm' 1945bQ)

iv§Â mrfb zfïfrv bfm sjfb dbdlGó nQJAfq nDmfhÝ bq. spsrkc mrfbhD � k]fv lczfq htskb,

��*J�2n:(א��،�>�%K�?�*~�1�ض��،��$��~�"��e��،�>�"��,��~��4>�$��و�א��4>�$��و�א


��~�1��#�"(�pو��>� ��#��*%��،�>�(��9�J��K.��א��>�(��،��R��/�X�*~�1�4$�ل��،�>�L:�E��و��%5:�4"�#��?�$א��،�>��"�T��$��4��!(א��J:�4��~�1��#��h��"��،��ن��و��א

�~�%�9��b��9و�ذ��~��p�?��R�0�Bو��M��$�e�� .��O��.��א)Y��Lن��[��X:>�~�،�و��zKGf{, sr zfïfr! db}ns¦lsr zfdm skfmfv lfn, skfmfv lfsnv

icÛ W skfmfv lfnDv icÛ, zfmfv ttfsev sjwoc¤Y skfmfv rfsk. skfmfv dhyfv zfmfv uDhsb hrft. skfmfv mDmfQnf zfmfv HfoAdtdisk bAfqnÌk. zfdm skfmfv dbje skfmfv iaskAj snƒ bfsmv znDtfq iafKGbf jvdY---sp bfm kcdm dbsu dbsqY. zKhf kcdm skfmfv oas§¿ zhkDBG jsvY, zKhf skfmfv nxdóv msLA jf…sj kf dwdJsqY, zKhf kcdm skfmfv ofqhD ƒtXsm dbsuv dbje sofib svsJY, kcdm jcvzfbsj zfmfv r™lsqv hn§À jv, zfmfv hs[v suAfdk jv, zfmfv lcdÇy§Àf lCv jvfv ˆhQ zfmfv …säo yst pfWqfv jfvB hfdbsq lfW. (mcnbfsl zfrml 1/391)

dkdb zfsvf hstsYb, ))��Q%� ��vא�Oو��g�� O��#5:�(�*ن�,�g*��(א��.�Eא��?�]��9د�Q$�?�56و�א�,�g.((� �

ªdbÇyq zfïfrv ˆmb 99de bfm vsqsY, sp sj… kf (lczfsk) oBbf jvsh (hf mcJ²À j'sv kfv zKG W lfhD zbcpfqD zfmt jvsh) sn ufâfsk iashw jvsh.« (hcJfvD, mcndtm 2677bQ)

ˆ rflDn ˆ jKf hcUfq bf sp, k]fv 99deƒ bfm zfsY. hvQ hcUfq sp, k]fv zsbj bfm zfsY. dj§Â kfv msLA 99de bfm ˆmb zfsY, sp sj… kf oBbf jvsh, sn ufâfsk iashw jvsh.

kf bf rst hfjAde ˆv™i rk, ªdbÇyq zfïfrv bfm 99de .« hcUf sot sp, k]fv bfmfhtD dbdlGó nQJAfq nDmfhÝ bq.


mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, ��T��3�Nوא��9.��א)��b��"�Kو�א)%��v�T��*"�?��v�K�O�o��K�3��J�(��J�2��O�א)��5{

�g��<(א{)�١�(g��<(א�G�� ªzfrst djkfh W mcwdvjslv msLA pfvf jcIvD jsvdYt, kfvf

zfib msk zdhydtk dYt, pk[B bf ˆt kfslv dbje nc±ió iamfB. (hfƒsqbfr }1)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) …ÙÁ zfqfsk …dïdJk `mcwdvj' htsk mCdkGiCujslvsj hcdUsqsYb. zKy wède zfvW hAfij. spsrkc mcwdvjvf sjht mCdkGiCufƒ jvk bf, hvQ kfslv zsbsj sbj stfsjslv, zsbsj jhsvv, zsbsj du¶sbv, zsbsj ofsYv, zsbsj ifKv ƒkAfdlv iCufW jvk. iv§Â zdLjfQw mcwdvjvf sbj stfsjslv iCuf jvk. zfv sbj stfsjslv iCuf dlsqƒ ixdKhDv ƒdkrfsn nhGiaKm bCr �-ˆv zfmst dwjG W iadkmfiCuf nQOdek rsqsY.

zbcv™i htf pfq nCvf jfdIv™sbv kInDsv. snJfsbW dkdb …ifnbf htsk sjht mCdkGv …ifnbfsj nDmfhÝ jsvsYb.

„mfb rt dkbde dudbsnv nmdóv bfm. z§Àsv nkAfqb, mcsJ …¤yfvB W jfsu hf²Àhfqb jvf. dj§Â dkdb „mfsbv hAfJAfq sjht `kfnlDj¶' hf nkAfqsbv zKG dbsqsYb. (slJcb } zfst ƒmvfb } 173, zfbIft 2, kfWhfr 124, zfrpfh 22, mcÜfNdNv 31)

mrfb zfïfr hstb, � �#��و��{��(��K��3��%*��f�1��K��35#��و��:�(��Kن��א��g�%K�&(ن��א��%L�(��OY��$�L�(و�

��L(�G%�ن)��١٢(}�f�1��Tن*�א):��#5��~®�?�%��$��


ªzfdm tcj¶mfbsj iaÎf lfb jsvdYtfm (zfv hstdYtfm), `kcdm zfïfrv iadk jxkÎkf iajfw jv. sp jxkÎkf iajfw jsv, sn skf kf dbsuvƒ ubA jsv ˆhQ sj… zjxkÎkf jvst, dbÇyq zfïfr zHfhmcÙÁ, iawQnfrG.' (tcj¶mfb } 12)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, `k]fv nxdó-dbicBkfq dkdb iawQnfrG.'

iajxkia²Àfsh mrfb zfïfr iawQdnk, iawQnfrG W iawQnfjfvD. pfhkDq iawQnf k]fvƒ. dkdb nxdóv jfsY iawQdnk ˆhQ dkdb iawQnfspfoA nxdóvW iawQnf jsvb. htf hfùtA `rfmDl' wède `rfsml' W `mfrmCl' …Hq zsKG hAhrfv rsq Kfsj.

iv§Â mcIfnXdnv (vfdrmfùïfr) mrfb zfïfrsj sjht k]fv nxdó-³bicsBA iawQnfrG hst nDdmk jsvsYb. zKy dkdb k]fv nxdóv nfrfspA iawQnfrG, k]fv äDb W wvDqsk iawQnfrG ƒkAfdl. (zfsvf slJcb } nCvf rf-mDm nfulfr 42 zfqfk)

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, ��1~�א)��ض��و��>�¼��O��J�(��J�K��:�4و�א��ن*�א):��#5��J�K�(��*w*��1~�א) *%��و�א��و��{

��G��9��#�%و��|��gو��א)�*�س��3د�ل��1~�א):��#5��!��:�4�Jو�)��9�7Q$و�)��a��;��Fb��"�T{)ن)��٢٠�%L(�G��

ªskfmvf dj slJ bf sp, zfïfr zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhDsk pf djYc zfsY nm²Àƒ skfmfslv zLDb j'sv dlsqsYb ˆhQ skfmfslv iadk k]fv iajfwA W ziajfwA zbcoar n©iCBG jsvsYb? mfbcsNv msLA sj… sj… zfïfr nìsá dhkàf jsv; kfslv bf zfsY Îfb, bf zfsY iKdbslGw ˆhQ bf zfsY sjfb lDdåmfb oa§¿.« (tcj¶mfb } 20)


ªmfbcsNv msLA sj… sj…« zfqfskv ˆƒ zQswv kInDsv sjht mÄfhfnDslvsj nDdmk jsvsYb. zhwA nCvfde mÄD hst dkdb `mfbcN' htsk sjht mÄfv stfsjvfƒ …dÜó LfvBf jsvsYb. zKy ndEj rt njt mfbcN …dÜó.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, Q$3��*��Q��א{ �)�١١٧(},�ن��4�$�3�ن��د�و��#��,��Qh��,�56و�,�ن��4�$�3�ن��,��56 �

ªkf]v (zfïfrv) idvhskG kfvf sjht bfvDslvsj (slhDslvsj) zfrhfb jsv ˆhQ kfvf sjht dhslafrD wqkfbsj zfrhfb jsv. (dbnf } 117)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk ˆhQ nCvf zfbzfm 56, zf'vfI 37, 194, ƒ…bcn 66, rCl 101, vf'l 14, bfrt 20, hfbD ƒnvf„t 67, mfvqAfm 48, rÏ 62, 73, zfbjfhCk 42, Ifdk¶v 13, 40, pcmfv 38, mc'dmb 20, 66, rf-mDm nfulfr 48, pcJv¢I 86, zfrj¶fI 4, tcj¶mfb 30, bQ zfqfsk …dïdJk `zfrhfb jvfv' hAfJAfq uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) `ƒhflk jvf'v jKf dtsJsYb. zKy ƒhflk hf …ifnbf wsè zfrhfb jvf hf iafKGbf jvfv zKG ±ió rq bf; pdlW ˆÈdt ˆj iajfv ƒhflk. Ffjf W yfWqf wèsj zfm ƒhflk wsè idvBk jvf ndEj bq.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��M��$�O��1~�א)��?��م��و��J�:��3و��A��!(ل��א�p��3و��g�4�* ,�ن*�א):��J:�4�� $��4��#5א)

��%�O�ض��M��I��M��$�Oא�و��Q$�� K�Oذ�א��*��I��a�<�E��J��:�4��#5:(ن*�א�,�{� �ªdbÇyq zfïfrv dbjseƒ zfsY djqfmk (nQOdek rWqfv) Îfb,

dkdb hxdó hNGB jsvb ˆhQ dkdb ufsbb uvfqcsk pf zfsY. sj… ufsb bf zfofmD jft sn dj zuGb jvsh ˆhQ sj… ufsb bf sjfbX


slsw kfv mxkcA Oesh. dbÇyqƒ zfïfr nhGÎ, nhGdhNsq zhdrk.« (tcj¶mfb } 34)

ªdkdb ufsbb uvfqcsk pf zfsY« ˆƒ zQswv hAfJAfq dkdb dtsJsYb, `sYst bf smsq.'

dj§Â mrfb zfïfr ðLc `sYst bf smsq' ˆefƒ ufsbb bf, hvQ ë™sBv hAfifsv nhdjYc ufsbb. spmb iCBGfÌ bf dhjtfÌ, HfoAhfb bf rkHfoA, ˆjj bf umu ƒkAfdl.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��;.�Tد�אد��و��p�O��م��و��?��Vא��!�Oو��o�S��;.�T��.�%�&�O��J�:��3��#n:(א�FR�~

��Gא)�$4)��٨(}�4�$� ��%�L$�א�� ªiaskAj bfvD pf osHG LfvB jsv ˆhQ uvfqcsk pf djYc jsm W

hfsV zfïfr kf ufsbb ˆhQ kf]v dbjse iaskAj h²Âƒ dbdlGó idvmfsB zfsY.« (vf'l } 8)

mrfb zfïfr ivm jv¢Bfmq. dkdb njt nxdóv iadk lqfhfb. mc'dmb W jfsIv njstv ubA k]fv vrmk dhkdVk zfsY. ksh Jfn vrmk mc'dmbslv ubA. k]fv 100de vrmskv 1de lcdbqfv njt nxdóv ubA. hfjD 99de ivjfst sjht mc'dmbslv ubA. zfm vrmsk mc'dmb, jfsIv W uDh-u§Â nhfƒ wfdmt. svfl-hxdó, v¢pD, nc²¿kf iaHxdk dbqfmk W vrmsk njstƒ wfdmt.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��~��و�א�N�9�~�1��(��"T ��א)$;��?� ��gو��1~�א�X��>��(�,��$�9��*��,��G��Em�ل��4�Nא

�ن��O�l�3ن��و��L*"�3��3�N5:�(��2�<�"T�� 1�FR�~��*.�T��#��Rو��?�%�"�~�و��e��l�3��O��3W��J�9��3�N5(و�א��G��T*p(ن�א��Gא�4Vא�)��١٥٦(}��


ª(mCnf htt,) ˆhQ zfmfslv ubA ƒrjft W ivjfstv jtAfB dbLGfvB jv, zfmvf skfmfv dbje iakAfhkGb jvdY.' zfïfr htstb, zfmfv wfd²À pfsj ƒ¤Yf dlsq Kfdj, zfv zfmfv lqf kf skf iaskAj h²Âsk idvhAfå. nckvfQ zfdm kf (lqf) kfslv ubA dbLGfdvk jvh, pfvf nfhLfb rq, pfjfk slq W zfmfv dblwGbnmCsr dhÇhfn jsv. (zf'vfI } 156)

}��#��ن��l�3و��J�2��$�%�&��ن��&�<� �3��#�(��3��3&�%�:��ن��א)��ش��و��?��N5(א�א��*��و��g�%�?*��FR�~��*.�Tو��Y��3�N5:�(ون��!�"� �א��و��3��O��3�N5:�(��1��Q%:�4

�J��&��(א��bא�N�4��J�2�Xو��>�:��<��א��<*O�1)��٧(}و�א��G�� ªpfvf zfvw LfvB j'sv zfsY ˆhQ pfvf ˆv yfdvifw dOsv zfsY,

kfvf kfslv iadkiftsjv idhÛkf W mdrmf iawQnfv nfsK sOfNBf jsv ˆhQ kfsk dhw¶fn ²¿fib jsv ˆhQ dhw¶fnDslv ubA [mf iafKGbf j'sv hst, `sr zfmfslv iadkiftj! skfmfv lqf W Îfb nhGhAfiD; zkˆh pfvf kWhf jsv W skfmfv iK zhtìb jsv, kcdm kfslvsj [mf jv ˆhQ ufrfâfsmv wfd²À rsk v[f jv.« (mc'dmb } 7)

dj§Â uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) k]fv kInDsvv jsqj ufqofsk mrfb zfïfrsj sjht k]fv zbcok hf¦lfv ubA `vfrDm' hst nDdmk jsvsYb. (slJcb } nCvf hfj¶fvfr } 173, zfst ƒmvfb } 129, dbnf } 96, 152, nfulfr } 6) k]fv zfWdtqf W hácslv ubA k]fv jv¢Bfsj nDdmk jsvsYb nCvf nfhf'v 2bQ zfqfsk.

mrfb zfïfr hstb,


}��:��د��1��B��J�K�OR��Bذ��,��J�K��:�4��#5:(א��g�%��وא��Tא�אذ��Y��3�N5(3��3;��2א�ن��]�Qaא�:�%��O��%��دQא�)��O��J5و��9و��Tن��א):��#5��Bو��°��J�2��:�4{)�٩�(bאp?Vא� �

ªsr dhw¶fdnoB! skfmvf skfmfslv iadk zfïfrv zbcoasrv jKf ±mvB jv, pJb wÛ¢hfdrbD skfmfslv dhv¢sÝ nmfok rsqdYt ˆhQ zfdm Wslv dhv¢sÝ UV ˆhQ ˆmb SnbAhfdrbD siavB jsvdYtfm, pf skfmvf slJsk ifWdb. zfv skfmvf pf jv, zfïfr kfv laóf.« (‚rXpfh } 9)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) ˆJfsb `skfmvf pf jv' hfsjA skfmvf htsk dhswNHfsh J¦lj JbbjfvDslvsj hcdUsqsYb. zKy ndEj rt, pcsÝ zQwoarBjfvD zbAfbAslv …sÜswAW zfm nsìfLb.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��"��L(و�א��v�"��L(و�א��l�%(و�א��v��l�%(و�א��%�:� ,�ن*�א)%� �:�%��vو�א)%�

��w(و�א��v��w(א��و�א��و�א)]*�د��v�Xو�א)]*�د��Xو�א)]*��3و�א)]*��v�%��*[(و�א��X�$�[�"�%(و�א��v�X�$�[�"�%(و�א��J�2�Bو��1��v�\�1��&(]*��%��و�אو�א)�

و�א)&��1\��و�א)N*א��3��Tא):5�T��#Qa�Sא�و�א)N*א��Tא��4$*�א):5�2�(��#��!*��J��Gو��B�Qא��Q%��\�4{)�٣٥�(bאp?Vא�G��

ªdbÇyqƒ zfk¹nmiGBjfvD (mcndtm) icv¢N W zfk¹nmiGBjfvD (mcndtm) bfvD, dhw¶fnD icv¢N W dhw¶fnD bfvD, zbcok icv¢N W zbcok bfvD, nkAhflD icv¢N W nkAhflD bfvD, SLpGwDt icv¢N W SLpGwDt bfvD, dhbDk icv¢N W dhbDk bfvD, lfbwDt icv¢N W lfbwDt bfvD, svfpf iftbjfvD icv¢N W svfpf iftbjfvD bfvD, spZbfÌ drIfpkjfvD (nQpmD) icv¢N W spZbfÌ drIfpkjfvD


(nQpmD) bfvD, zfïfrsj zdLj ±mvBjfvD icv¢N W zfïfrsj zdLj ±mvBjfvD bfvD---ˆslv ubA zfïfr [mf W mrfiadklfb svsJsYb.« (‚rXpfh } 35)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk ˆhQ zfsvf zsbj zfqfsk `j¶fsbk' wsèv zsKG `zbcok' htf rq. uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr)W kfƒ dtsJsYb. dj§Â zfnst …ÙÁ wsèv zKG zfsvf ˆjec shdw. zfv kf rt, dhbq W ˆjfoakfv nfsK zbcok rWqf.

…ÙÁ zfqfsk …dïdJk ³LpGwDtslv kInDsv dkdb dtsJsYb, `zfbcoskA ³LpGwDt'. zKy sjht zfbcokA hf mrfb zfïfrv zfslw-dbsNL iftsbƒ ³LpG LfvB jvsk rq, kf bq, hvQ k]fv kjlDv W Ifqnftfv jóskW ³LpG Lvsk rq. nckvfQ zfm ³LpGsj Jfn jvf …dyk bq.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, �9��א)��J�K��:�4�~�:�[�3�M�N5و��:��J�K�B��w��(��#�"�Kא)\�:�%��,�)��oא)�;��و��T�ن��{

�Q%��?��v��l�%(��{)�٤٣�(bאp?Vא�G�� ªdkdb skfmfslv iadk zbcoar jsvb ˆhQ k]fv dIdvñfoBW

skfmfslv ubA zbcoar iafKGbf jsv; pfsk dkdb zájfv rsk skfmfslvsj zfstfsj zfbqb jsvb. zfv dkdb dhw¶fnDslv iadk ivm lqftc.« (‚rXpfh } 43)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) `zájfv' htsk sjht `jcIvD' ˆhQ `zfstfj' htsk sjht `„mfb'sj hcdUsqsYb. zKy jcIvD spmb zájfv, skmdb zÎkfW zájfv. klbcv™i „mfb spmb zfstf, skmdb Îfb W ƒtXmW bCv hf zfstf. nckvfQ hAfij wsèv hAfij kInDv jvfƒ Hfstf.


mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }�Q±��Tא�Q��B��J�2�(�*$�4م��و��:��#��L:�3م��3��J�2�"*��&�O{)�٤٤�(bאp?Vא�G��

ªspdlb kfvf zfïfrv nfsK nf[f{ jvsh, sndlb kfslv iadk zdHhflb rsh nftfm (wfd§À). zfv dkdb kfslv ubA n©mfbubj iadklfb ia²Âk svsJsYb.« (‚rXpfh } 44)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) `nftfm' htsk `dIdvwkfv mcsJ' nftfm hcdUsqsYb. zKy zfqfsk ±ió ˆ nftfm rsh mrfb zfïfrv i[ sKsj. zfïfrv i[ sKsj nftfm rsh, ˆ jKf dkdb zbA zfqfskv kInDsv …sïJ jsvsYb.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��2��Vא��2�"�&�O��M��O�F��*��B��&�(�*[(א�א��א�و��%�4:��Y��3�N5(א��.�Eو��د�

��2��1��0م��J�2�"*��&�O��J�2��)��2��1��3�$��fذ�ن��E{�٢٣(�(J�9א��,�G�� ªpfvf dhw¶fn jsv W n{jmG jsv, kfslvsj iashw jvfsbf rsh

ufâfsk; pfv dbmslsw blDmftf iahfdrk; snJfsb kfvf kfslv iadkiftsjv zbcmdkÛÁsm dyv²¿fqDHfsh zh²¿fb jvsh; snJfsb kfslv zdHhflb rsh `nftfm'. (ƒhafrDm } 23)

ˆJfsb dkdb hstsYb, `zfïfrv i[ sKsj, dIdvwkfosBv i[ sKsj ˆhQ kfslv zfsifsnv zdHhflb rsh nftfm.'

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��3��K�:��9*�و��B��OY�~�O�5:(א��>�B3;��2א)�*>�~;�,��*��?�:�:��)�<��ز�و�א��

��R��1��*%��>��%�3א):5#��4:��<��و��4%�<��و��O�*%�4<��و��E)�<��و��l;��G�g,�ن�و��9>�� 2)�:�*>�~��,�ن��אد��O��(��E<��א):��B��9�~�O�5ن��<��و�א��


��J�2��:�4��j��1��%�:�4��$�X��v��l�%(5<��د�ون��א(�g�[�(��E��2�&�K��"� א)�*>�~;��ن��3�ن��4:��<��?��ج��K�3��:��K�(��J�2��%�3��K�:و��J�2�Bא��1~��ز�و�אQ��و��T�ن��א):5#��

�Q%��?*�{)�٥٠�(bאp?Vא�G�� ªsr bhD! dbÇyq zfdm skfmfv ubA skfmfv ²ÃDoBsj ShL jsvdY,

pfslvsj kcdm smfrvfbf ialfb jsvY ˆhQ ShL jsvdY skfmfv zdLjfvHcÙÁ lfdnoBsj pfslvsj zfdm pcÝhd¦lbDv™si lfb jsvdY ˆhQ dhhfsrv ubA ShL jsvdY skfmfv yfyfskf HdobD, IcIfskf HdobD, mfmfskf HdobD W Jftfskf HdobDsj; pfvf skfmfv nsÌ slw kAfo jsvsY ˆhQ sjfb dhw¶fdnbD bhDv dbje dbsusj dbshlb jvst ˆhQ bhD kfsj dhhfr jvsk yfƒst (snW skfmfv ubA ShL.) --ˆ (dhLfb) dhswN j'sv skfmfvƒ ubA; zbA dhw¶fnDslv ubA bq; dhw¶fnDslv ²ÃD ˆhQ kfslv lfdnoB nìsá pf dbLGfdvk jsvdY, kf zfdm ufdb. (ˆ dhLfb ˆ ubA) pfsk skfmfv sjfb zncdhLf bf rq. zfv zfïfr [mfwDt, ivm lqftc.« (‚rXpfh } 50)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) zfqfskv dhLfb t[A j'sv mrfb zfïfrv [mfwDtkfsj nDdmk jsvsYb sjht `sp dhNq sKsj h]fyf jdEb' kfvƒ msLA. zbcv™i k]fv ivm lqfûGkfsj nDdmk jsvsYb sjht `ˆ dhNsq iaw²Àkf lfb jvfv' msLA.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, א)&�%�$��)�:��#5א)�M�N5)��1��#~�א) *%��و�א��و��1~�א)��ض��و�)�#��א)&�%��1��$~��{

��K�&(א��>�)��J{)�١א�a�<�w(א)��G��EWو��9�G��


ªiawQnf zfïfrvƒ, dpdb zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhDsk pf djYc zfsY, nm²À djYcvƒ mfdtj ˆhQ ivstfsjW njt iawQnf k]fvƒ. dkdb iaÎfmq, nhGdhNsq zhdrk.« (nfhf' } 1)

mrfb zfïfrv iaÎf hf drjmksj uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) …ÙÁ zfqfsk sjht k]fv jsmGv msLA nDmfhÝ jsvsYb. zbA zfqfsk sjht k]fv nxdóv msLA ˆhQ sjfb sjfb zfqfsk k]fv nxdóv hAh²¿fibfv mfsU nDmfhÝ jsvsYb. zKy hAfijfKGshfLj wsèv hAfij hAfJAf jvfƒ nmcdyk. spsrkc mrfb zfïfr dbu nxdó, jmG W wvDqskv dhLfsb iaÎfmq, drjmkmq W rfjDm.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }�J�K�"�2�(Y�o�:�4وא��<�eא�و�א��:��Dא)%�:��J�2ن��א�� }�,�ن*��N�9א�)��~��3��Rאد�و�א� �

ªWslv iaLfsbvf ˆ hst nsv iVt, `skfmvf yt ˆhQ skfmfslv slhkfÈdtv iCufq skfmvf zdhydtk Kfj. dbÇyqƒ ˆde sjfb …sÜwAmCtj.« (n¶fl } 6)

…ÙÁ zfqfksj uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) ˆjde dhswN Oebfv nfsK n©ixÙÁ jsvsYb. dkdb dtsJsYb, `(Wslv iaLfsbvf) zfhC kfstshv nfsK ³hEj jvfv swsN ˆhQ bhD �-ˆv dbje sKsj ªskfmvf tf ƒtfrf ƒïfïfr ht« swfbfv iv (ˆ hst nsv iVt, `skfmvf yt ˆhQ skfmfslv slhkfÈdtv iCufq skfmvf zdhydtk Kfj. dbÇyqƒ ˆde sjfb …sÜwAmCtj.)'

zKy ˆ jKfv sjfb ltDt sbƒ. zkˆh pf sjfb dhswN Oebf hf mudtsnv nfsK dhdwó bq, kfsj hAfij vfJfƒ pcdÙÁpcÙÁ.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,


}��5(�,��J�9�$�<��R��(#��و�د�و��وא��N�w*O��3א�N5(و�א��(��w(��#5א)��3�$א:�(��(��ن��,�ن*�א):5#��:�"�w�3��#��1��J�9��~�1��J�2��J�K�&�3��#5:(ن*�א�,�o��(א):5#��ز��o�(�,��L��(

�T��bذ��T��9��M�$�2�3��(��5�{)�٣�(��p(א�G�� ªsusb vfJ, J]fde zfbcokA zfïfrvƒ iafiA. pfvf zfïfrv

idvhskG zbAsj zdHHfhjv™si oarB jsv, kfvf hst, `zfmvf ˆslv iCuf ˆ ubAƒ jdv sp, ˆvf zfmfslvsj zfïfrv nfdâsLA ˆsb slsh.' Wvf sp dhNsq dbsuslv msLA mksHl jvsY, zfïfr kfv Ifqnftf j'sv slshb. dbÇyq zfïfr kfsj n{isK idvyfdtk jsvb bf, sp dmKAfhflD zdhw¶fnD.« (pcmfv } 3)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, (susb vfJ, J]fde zfbcokA zfïfrvƒ iafiA. pfvf zfïfrv idvhskG zbAsj) mCdkGnmCrsj (zdHHfhjv™si oarB jsv, kfvf) mÄfhfnDvf (hst, `zfmvf ˆslv iCuf ˆ ubAƒ jdv sp, ˆvf zfmfslvsj zfïfrv nfdâsLA ˆsb slsh.' Wvf sp dhNsq dbsuslv msLA mksHl jvsY, zfïfr kfv Ifqnftf j'sv slshb. dbÇyq zfïfr kfsj n{isK idvyfdtk jsvb bf, sp dmKAfhflD zdhw¶fnD. (pcmfv } 3)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk dkdb hAfij ofqv¢ïfrsj sjht mCdkGv msLA ˆhQ hAfij mfbhmàtDsj sjht mÄfhfnDv msLA nDdmk jsvsYb. db}ns¦lsr ˆde kInDsvv Û¢de. …lfrvB öv™i kf htf spsk ifsv. dj§Â mrfb zfïfrv hAfij hfBDsj wvqD, zfjtD hf hfoXLfvfok sjfb ltDt YfVf dhswN djYcv msLA nDmfhÝ j'sv slWqf nmcdyk bq.

ªWvf sp dhNsq dbsuslv msLA mksHl jvsY, zfïfr kfv Ifqnftf j'sv slshb.« ˆ zQwsjW nDdmk j'sv sjht


mcndtmslv mfsU Ifqnftfv jKf dtsJsYb. rqskf dkdb sHshsYb, jfsIvslv mfsU sjfb mksHl sbƒ. zKy kfslv msLAW mksHl zfsY W Kfjsh; lcdbqfsk W zfsJvfsk. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

}��$�X�J��~�1�א��:�Eل��אد��X��%5:�T��*�(�1~�א��I��£א)��و�א��J�K�:�<�X��:�E��J�9�6و�V��J�9א��E��(��X��Q��%�B��2��1�א��Tذ�א�אد*א��,�o*"�?��2�"�E��5(��g*��:�Eد�

��4��J�2�OW�1�Nא��j��Q��א)�*��X�ل��:�j��R6�l�9��*��56��K�(و��j�».�K�(�ن��%�:��O{)�4א�)��٣٨Vא�G��

zKGf{, zfïfr htshb, `skfmfslv iCshG sp du¶b W mfbhlt ok rsqsY kfslv nfsK skfmvf slfpsJ iashw jv.' pJbƒ sjfb lt kfsk iashw jvsh, kJbƒ ziv ltsj kfvf zdHn©ifk jvsh. idvswsN pJb njst Wsk ˆjÛ rsh, kJb kfslv ivhkGDvf iChGhkGDslv n©isjG htsh, `sr zfmfslv iadkiftj! Wvfƒ zfmfslvsj dhëf§À jsvdYt, nckvfQ kcdm Wslvsj slfpsJv däÈB wfd²À lfW.' zfïfr htshb, `iaskAsjv ubA däÈB vsqsY; dj§Â skfmvf ufb bf.' (zf'vfI } 38)

}��g�(��:�!��#n:(د��$�3א��א��.��3$�א ��و��X)��א)��2�(��X��%��:5��3��J�23�$و�)��א��Q��!�|��>��|�"��ن��R��3��T��D��3و�)��3�p$�ن*�Qa�S�Tא��p��*��J�2ل��,�)��<��*� �<��

��L(م��א��3�o�(�,�R��/�!�<(و�א��G$�אو��א)��J�2��L(א�و��Q��Tو��b��&:�(א�Q��وא�$�X5%��و�:�T��g��3�$� ��ن��1~�א��Vض��1 ��دQא�و�א):�3��6��#n&��;�א)%�� א��$G)�)�٦٤}��|��9אn:(#��و��3 �

ªƒqfùlDvf hst, `zfïfrv rfk nQjcdyk.' kfslv rfk nQjcdyk srfj ˆhQ kfvf pf hst, kfv ubA kfvf zdHwå srfj. hvQ zfïfrv …Hq r²Àƒ mcÙÁ, spHfsh ƒ¤Yf dkdb lfb j'sv


Kfsjb. skfmfv iadkiftsjv dbje rsk pf skfmfv iadk zhkDBG jvf rsqsY, kf kfslv zsbsjv LmGslafdrkf W zdhÇhfnƒ hxdÝ jvsh. kfslv msLA zfdm djqfmk ipG§À ²¿fqD wÛ¢kf W dhsäN nÑfv jsvdY. pkhfv kfvf pcsÝv zdo´ iau¶dtk jsv, kkhfv zfïfr kf dbhGfdik jsvb ˆhQ kfvf ixdKhDsk L¶Qnfk¹j jfu j'sv shVfq. h²Âk} zfïfr L¶Qnfk¹j jfsu dtåslvsj Hfthfsnb bf.« (mfdqlfr } 64)

}��Q��!��J:��(א��J�9R��B��$��א�,�)��5��:�"�Eא)��%�1א��F��J�9��OYو��T��%��1��g��L(م��א��3��J�2��~�/L�3��>*��ن��J�2,�ن*��:�"�w�3��#��1א��{)�١٧(� �

ªLmG n©isjG Wslvsj nc±ió iamfB lfb jsvdYtfm. Îfb zfnfv iv Wvf ðLc iv±iv dhsäNhwk} mkdhsvfL jsvdYt. Wvf sp dhNsq mkdhsvfL jvk, skfmfv iadkiftj djqfmskv dlb Wslv msLA sn dhNsqv Ifqnftf j'sv slshb.« (ufdNqfr } 17)

}�� א)��2�د��و��X)��א)��2�د��)�� א)�*]��FR�~��o�:�4�7و��X)��א)�*]��7)��#n:(��1��J�2�(��X��.�Sن��%�:��3��6��3�N5(ل��א��X��>�(�N�T��b��"�K(ن��א��:�"�3��J�9و��FR�~��o�:�4

�ن��:�"�w�3��#��1�א��T��%��1��g��L(م��א��3��J�2��J�K�&�3{)�١١٣�(G�L<(א�G�� ªƒqfùlDvf hst, `dJaófbslv sjfb (LmGDq) dHdÙ sbƒ' ˆhQ

dJaófbvf hst, `ƒqfùlDslv sjfb (LmGDq) dHdÙ sbƒ'; zKy kfvf djkfh (‰wDoa§¿) ifE jsv. ˆHfsh pfvf zÎ kfvfW zbcv™i jKf hst Kfsj. nckvfQ sp dhNsq kfslv mksHl zfsY, swN dhyfsvv dlb zfïfr kfv mDmfQnf jvshb.« (hfj¶fvfr } 113)

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,


}��Xو�� N�9�~�1�א�� ?��3�N5:�(א�Q��E�א��(��X��J�K;��א��ذ�א��pل��L*O��3א�N5:�(��.��v�L*"�%(د�א��א��J��(و��E��G��Emو�)�$�א��א��g�� Gא)�&.)�)�٣٠}א($;��?��

ªpfvf nfhLfbD dYt kfslvsj htf rsh, `skfmfslv iadkiftj jD zhkDBG jsvdYstb?' kfvf htsh, `mrfjtAfB.' pfvf ˆƒ lcdbqfq n{jmG jsv kfslv ubA vsqsY mÌt ˆhQ ivjfstv zfhfn zfsvf …{jxókv; zfv nfhLfbDslv zfhfn²¿t jk …Ùm!« (bfrXt } 30)

…ÙÁ zfqfskv kInDsv uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, �א��{� ?��3N:({ن��±£�� N9�i��g �א)$��{�?}��g<�|�G��?و)$א��{�

G�Emא{�g�¤א�M��}�aE�{� �`„mfsbv nfsK (pfvf ˆƒ ixdKhDsk ƒrnfb jsv, kfslv ubA

vsqsY jtAfB) nc¦lv uDhb (ˆhQ ivjfstv zfhfn) ufâfk (zfsvf …{jxókv.) (bfrXt } 30)

dbsmv zfqfk W kfv kInDv t[A jv¢b, }��*Oא�א��Y��3�N5(�4��3>��د��א��.�X��g�� א��N�9�~�1 ��א)$;��?�� ?��3�N5:�(��J�K*��א��L

Fb�� ?��!��J�9��Bون��3��%��o51א)]*�*��,��g��א)��p)��١٠(}و��ض��א):5#��و�א �ªsOfNBf j'sv lfW (zfmfv ˆ jKf), sr zfmfv dhw¶fnD lfnoB!

skfmvf skfmfslv iadkiftjsj Hq jv. pfvf ˆ ixdKhDsk jtAfBjv jfu jsv, kfslv ubA zfsY jtAfB. zfv zfïfrv ixdKhD iaw²À. ³LpGwDtslvsj skf zidvdmk icvõfv slWqf rsh.« (pcmfv } 10)

dkdb dtsJsYb, �א�N9�i �א)$��{� ?��3N:(�{�g4�^(��}�g� ?�{g�¤9~�א��


`zfbcoskAv nfsK (pfvf ˆ ixdKhDsk ƒrnfbD jsv, kfslv ubA zfsY jtAfB) ufâfk.

t[BDq sp, iaKm zfqfsk ƒrnfb jvfv nfsK „mfbsj ˆhQ däkDq zfqfsk ƒrnfb jvfv zfbcokAsj nQspfub jvf rsqsY.

iaKsmfÙÁ zfqfsk jtAfsBv hAfJAfq `nc¦lv uDhb' ˆhQ ivhkGD zfqfsk `ufâfk' htf rsqsY.

zKy hAfijsj hAfij vfJf hfÒbDq dYt. zKGf{, pfvf ˆ lcdbqfq ƒrnfb jvsh, kfslv ubA lcdbqfsk nc¦lv uDhb W zfsJvfsk ufâfk vsqsY.

däkDqk} ƒrnfb jDHfsh rsh? iaKm zfqfsk htf rsqsY „mfb dlsq ˆhQ däkDq zfqfsk htf rsqsY zfbcokA dlsq. dj§Â ƒrnfbW ˆjde hAfijfKGshfLj wè.

rflDsn duhvDst ƒrnfb rt, mrfb zfïfrv ˆmbHfsh ƒhflk jvf, pfsk msb jvf rq, spb ƒhflkjfvD zfïfrsj slJsY. zfv kf msb bf jvsk ifvst ˆ jKf zhwAƒ msb vfJsk rsh sp, zfïfr kfsj slJsYb. zfv ˆ rt zfïfrv ubA ƒrnfb W ƒJtfn.

ƒrnfb rq hf¦lfv iadkW. jfdqj, zfdKGj W smZdJjHfsh nxdóv …ijfv j'sv sn ƒrnfb jvf pfq. dj§Â kInDsv sn jKfv sJqft vfJf rqdb.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��J�2��:�X��g��L:�(��.�3��1��#��*��o�:�4��:��م��2�1�f:�(�� $�e��#5:(��%�1א��

v�<��ل��:�j�~�1��>��(5#��و�:(א��Tذ��{)�٢٢�(��p(א�G��


ªzfïfr ƒntfsmv ubA pfv h[ …¦mcÙÁ j'sv dlsqsYb Ist sn kfv iadkiftj rsk (zfok) zfstfv msLA zfsY, sn dj kfv nmfb---sp ˆv™i bq? lcsHGfo kfslv ubA, pfslv z§Àv zfïfrv ±mvsB jdEb, Wvfƒ ±ió dhëfd§Àsk zfsY.« (pcmfv } 22)

…ÙÁ zfqfskv kInDsv uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) ªzfïfrv ±mvsB jdEb«-ˆv hAfJAfq dtsJsYb, `jcvzfb oarsB jdEb.'

zKy ˆJfsb `dpjXv' hf ±mvB hAfij wè. jcvzfb W dpjXv lcƒ zKGƒ rsk ifsv.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, �ن�{�L*"�%(א��J�9��>��(و��#��)]�$�ق��و��e$*ق��R��B�M�N5�٣٣(}و�א)�(��p(א�G��

ªsp nkA ˆsbsY ˆhQ nkAsj nkA hst smsb dbsqsY, kfvfƒ skf zfïfr-HDv¢.« (pcmfv } 33)

…ÙÁ zfqfskv kInDsv uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) ªsp nkA ˆsbsY« htsk mrfbhD �-sj hcdUsqsYb. zKy dhbf ltDst jcvzfsbv hAfij hBGbfsj nDmfhÝ jvf nmDyDb bq.

däkDqk} dkdb dtsJsYb ˆƒHfsh, ªsp nkA ˆsbsY (dkdb rstb bhD �) ˆhQ nkAsj nkA hst smsb dbsqsY (kfvf rt mc'dmboB), kfvfƒ skf zfïfr-HDv¢.«

kfv mfsb ªnkAsj nkA hst smsb dbsqsY sp hf pfvf, kfslv msLA bhD � bb. zKy lcde dhswNBƒ ˆjƒ jkGf dhswsNAv.

zfv dkdb pdl ˆƒHfsh dtJskb, ªsp nkA ˆsbsY ˆhQ nkAsj nkA hst smsb dbsqsY (dkdb rstb bhD �), kfvfƒ skf zfïfr-HDv¢.« kfrstW zKG ndEjHfsh ±ió rskf bf. jfvB, kfv uhfhD hfjA rt hùhyb, ªkfvfƒ skf zfïfr-HDv¢.«


nckvfQ idv°jfv rt sp, zfqfsk …dÜó rt bhD � ˆhQ zbA mcndtmvfW. iaKsm ˆjhyb wè hAhrfv rstW swsNv hùhyb wè iaKsmv ˆjhybsj hùhysb idvBk jsv. ˆ jKf dkdb dbsuƒ dtsJsYb.

zk}iv zfqfskv swNfQsw nQspfub jsvsYb, `dwjG'. zKGf{, ªkfvfƒ skf dwjG sKsj lCsv Kfsj.«

ˆJfsbW dkdb hAfijfKGshfLj wèsj nDdmk j'sv sIstsYb. ÎfkhA sp, `kfj¶Wqf' wè zfmHfsh ˆst …sÜwA rsh, zfïfrv

Hq. zhwA zsbAv Hq rst kf …dïdJk rq. spmb, ��و��6{g�4��2��.�<L�3��6��و��I�*��4��I��M�p��O�56��א�3��L*Oو�א

��Gא)>G�L)��٤٨(}��N�E�l�3��4��2$�ل��و��3��J�9��6�]��ون�� ªskfmvf snƒ dlbsj Hq jv, spdlb sj… jfsvfv sjfb jfsu

zfnsh bf, jfsvfW ncifdvw öDjxk rsh bf, jfsvfW dbje rsk [dkiCvB oxrDk rsh bf ˆhQ kfvf sjfb iajfv nfrfpAW ifsh bf.« (hfj¶fvfr } 48)

}��3��1��K:�(��*$�4��~�"5(א�א)�*��א��L*Oل��%4אن)��١٣١(}و�אY�G�� ªskfmvf snƒ zfÈbsj Hq jv, pf zdhÇhfnDslv ubA ia²Âk

vfJf rsqsY.« (‚st ƒmvfb } 131) }*O3$��و�א�$��#n:(א��ن*�א��3:�%��א��*eW�E��J�K�gو�א�4:�%��N5(א�*��<��[�O�56�g��"�1�א��L

�b��L��(א{)ل)��٢٥��Vא�G�� ªskfmvf snƒ dIkbfsj Hq jv, pf dhswN j'sv skfmfslv msLA

pfvf zkAfyfvD sjht kfslvƒ dj½ó jvsh bf ˆhQ susb vfJ sp, zfïfr wfd²Àlfsb jsEfv.« (‚bXIft } 25)


mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��J�9��>��(#��و�א):5��3W��)�#��L)��$��א) *%��و�א��و�א)��ض��و�א)5��T��3�N��وא�

��ون��w�٦٣(}א)�(��p(א�G�� ªzfjfwmàtD W ixdKhDv yfdhnmCr k]fvƒ dbje. pfvf zfïfrv

zfqfksj (hfjAsj) zöDjfv jsv, kfvfƒ skf [dkoa²À.« (pcmfv } 63)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) …ÙÁ zfqfsk …dïdJk `zfqfk'-ˆv kInDsv `jcvzfb' dtsJsYb. zKy zfïfrv zfqfk hf hfjA kfWvfk-ƒÓDt nr zbA zfnmfbD djkfshW zfsY. iv§Â zfqfk htsk zfm `dblwGbfhtD' …dÜó rsk ifsv.

zbcv™i slJcb } nCvf rf-mDm nfulfr 28 W 40 zfqfk. nCvf bCv 8bQ zfqfsk `zfqfk' mfsb jsvsYb `zfslw-dbsNL'.

zbcv™i zbA zfsvf zfqfsk dHâ dHâ hAfJAf jsvsYb ˆhQ hAfij zKGsj nQjDBG jsvsYb.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��>��$�%�&��Z�<��)��~��e��1>��,�ن*�و��$�4א):5�?��#D®�و�א�"�!��)��N>�<��و�

��K��f(و�א{)�1)��٥٥��G�� ªzkˆh kcdm ³LpG LfvB jv; dbÇyq zfïfrv iadkwa¢dk nkA.

zfv kcdm skfmfv ifsiv ubA [mf iafKGbf jv ˆhQ njft-náAfq skfmfv iadkiftsjv niawQn idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jv.« (mc'dmb } 55)


…ÙÁ zfqfsk mrfb zfïfr dbu bhDsj zfmHfsh njft-náAfq knhDr iVsk zfslw jsvsYb. dj§Â kInDsv bfmfp iVfv jKf htf rsqsY.

zbcv™iHfsh nCvf rf-mDm nfulfv 38bQ zfqfsk dIdvwkfosBv `knhDr'sj bfmfp hst …sïJ jvf rsqsY.

nCvf bCsvv 36bQ zfqfskv `knhDr'sj bfmfp htf rsqsY. db}ns¦lsr zft-jcvzfsbv zsbj zfqfsk knhDr htsk

bfmfpsj hcUfsbf rsqsY. spmb, �ن��{�&�<�[�O��v�?ن��و�� %�O��v�?��#5:(ن��א��&�<� و�)�#��א)&�%��1��$~�)�١٧(�1

��Gא)�وم)��١٨(}א) *%��و�א��و�א)��ض��و��4و�?��O��v\��2ون�� ªnckvfQ skfmvf náAfq W sHfv njfst zfïfrv idhÛkf W

mdrmf sOfNBf jv ˆhQ dhjfst W lcicsv. zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhDsk njt iawQnf k]fvƒ.« (v™m } 17-18)

zsbj …tfmf hstsYb, …ÙÁ zfqfsk 5 zsÙÁv bfmfspv iadk ƒdÌk jvf rsqsY.

rflDsn bIt hf ncâk bfmfpsj `kfnhDr' htf rsqsY. zfècïfr dhb …mfv � ˆj nIsv stfsjslvsj Ivp bfmfspv

iv ncâk iVsk slsJ htstb, �ل��א):5#��<�&�e��Q&�<� ��T�� >��Zو�)��3��#�3"��%�1��* ��1�oא)

��%�%�O�V.� �`zfdm bhD �-ˆv nfsK nIsv sKsjdY. zfdm k]fsj ncâk iVsk

sldJdb. pdl zfmfsj ncâkƒ iVsk rk, kfrst Ivp bfmfp icvf jsvƒ iVkfm.' (mcndtm 1612bQ)


�ل��Tن3 >��Zو��:�4��J5:��#��א):�o5:�e��#5א��o:4�g:?א)�א��M��#Bو��،�#B��O��O��2�:4�a��#��6�~:[3�g؛�و3�"K��2�:4א�.� �

dkdb zfsvf hstsYb, vfnCtcïfr � nIsv dbsuv nWqfvDv …iv sp mcsJ …e ytk, snƒ mcsJƒ bIt W dhkXv bfmfp iVskb. (hcJfvD 1098, mcndtm 1652, dmwjfk 1340 bQ)

yfwXskv bfmfpsj `nchrfkcp p¶crf' htf rsqsY. (zfrmfl 6638, k¶fhfvfbD, nrDr kfvoDh 668bQ)

dj§Â njt zfqfsk hf njt s[sÛ `knhDr' `bfmfp' bq. zkˆh zjfvsB zfmsj Jfn jvf …dyk bq.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��%��א��)��b��"�Kو��*N�T��3�N5(ن��א��%�:��3�� 1��:��#��:�{)�٧٠�(�1��

ªWvf oa§¿ W zfmfv vnCtslvsj pf dlsq siavB jsvdYtfm, kf dmKAfÎfb jsv. nckvfQ wDOaƒ Wvf ufbsk ifvsh.« (mc'dmb } 70)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) `djkfh' hf `oa§¿' htsk jcvzfbsj ˆhQ dmKAfÎfbjfvD htsk mÄfhfnDsj nDdmk jsvsYb.

zKy zsbsj jcvzfb YfVf kfWvfk W ƒÓDtsjW dmKAfÎfb j'sv Kfsj. zfv mÄfv mfbcN YfVfW zbA stfsjvf zbcv™i dmKAfÎfsb wfdmt zfsY. nckvfQ zKG nDmfhÝ jvf hfÒbDq bq.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��ن��)�#��$�אدQא�ذ�)�<��K�"�(��J�K*��.�Xون��)��D�:�E�M�N5א)��ض��3�~�1�:��Oو��

�v�%�(��(א�;b��{)�٩�(�:[1�G��


ªht, skfmvf dj k]fsj zöDjfv jvshƒ dpdb lc'dlsb ixdKhD nxdó jsvsYb ˆhQ k]fv nmj[ l]fV jvfsh? dkdb skf dhw¶uoskv iadkiftj.« (rf-mDm nfulfr } 9)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) `vê'(iadkiftj)-ˆv zsKG `mfdtj' (zdLidk) dtsJsYb. zKy dpdb iadkiftj, dkdbƒ nxdójkGf, zdLidk W hAh²¿fij. nckvfQ hAfijkf sYsV nDdmk zKG oarB jvf …dyk bq.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, �%��9��R��و�ز�3*�*��{��.�T�~�1�o�?و��و��3�~�1�Fو�א��%��]�<��*��9��/�L�1* ��Zو�?��\��ذ�)�<��3�$L�Oא)��p3�pא)��:��Jא)��[�%��1�G]:�)��R��%{)�١٢א($;��

ªzk}iv dkdb zfjfwmàtDsj lc'dlsb nåfjfsw idvBk jvstb ˆhQ iaskAj zfjfswv dbje kfv jkGhA hAÙÁ jvstb. zfv zfdm dbjehkDG zfjfwsj ncswfdHk jvtfm ialDimftf äfvf ˆhQ kfsj jvtfm ncvd[k. ˆ nh ivfÛÁmwftD nhGÎ zfïfrv hAh²¿fibf.« (rf-mDm nfulfr } 12)

susb vfJf Hfstf sp, `zft-zfpDp' mfsb sjht ivfÛÁmwftDƒ bq. …tfmfoB hstsYb, `zfpDp' rq dkb iajfv }-

ˆj } ƒpXpk-Wqftf, n©mfbD, mpGflfhfb. lcƒ } ivfÛÁmwftD, dhuqD. dkb } zivfsuq, lclGm. ˆj ²¿st ˆjj wè äfvf rqskf kf hAÙÁ jvf nýh bq. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,


}��%�2:��I��f(و�א��א)��5:�j��3�N5(א��*�و��Xل��א)��T��3�N5وא��v�:��א)��Kא��)��$X��&�O{�٢٩(�(�:[1�G��

ªjfsIvvf htsh, `sr zfmfslv iadkiftj! sp nh du¶b W mfbcN zfmfslvsj iKëó jsvdYt, kfslvsj sldJsq lfW, zfmvf kfslvsj illdtk jvh, pfsk Wvf tfdÒk rq.« (rf-mDm nfulfr } 29)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, `ˆ jKf jfsIvvf slfpsJ htsh.'

zKy djqfmskv mqlfsbW kfvf ˆ jKf htsk ifsv. zbcv™i `du¶b' htsk ƒhtDn W `mfbcN' htsk jfhDtsj dbLGfvB

jsvsYb. spsrkc iaKmub jcIvD W däkDqub rkAfv nCybf OdesqsY.

zKy ndEj rt, zdbdlGóHfsh du¶b W mfbcN. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

�א�p��"�O*ل��2��:�4{��L�"��א��;��א):J�h��#5*�א�(��X��3�N5(,�ن*�א��א�و�)��1��w�O��5(��g�K��:�%(א��J��4$�ون��O��J�"��T�~�"5(א��g*��(��א�و��وא��p�&�O{)�٣٠�(�:[1�G��

ªdbÇyq pfvf hst, `zfmfslv iadkiftj zfïfr' kfviv kfsk zdhydtk Kfsj, kfslv dbje dIdvñf zhkDBG rq (ˆhQ hst), `skfmvf Hq sisqf bf, dyd§Àk rsqf bf ˆhQ skfmfslvsj sp ufâfskv iadkwa¢dk slWqf rsqdYt kfv ncnQhfl bfW.« (rf-mDm nfulfr } 30)


kInDsv htf rsqsY, `dIdvwkfoB ˆ jKf mxkcAv nmq hstb.' zKy ndEj rt, zKGsj ˆmb nDmfhÝ jvf ³hL bq. spsrkc ˆ jKf mc'dmbslv dhilfil, Hq-HDdk hf pcsÝv nmqW rsk ifsv.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, ��)��%*��د��4��(�,�oא):5#��و��%�4�e��.��Q&�(و��X�ل��,��*��~��{�X�� و��?�

�v�%�:� ��1�G]:�)�)�٣٣}א(%�� ªsp hAdÙÁ zfïfrv iadk mfbcNsj zfrhfb jsv, n{jfu jsv

ˆhQ hst, `zfdm skf zfk¹nmiGBjfvD (mcndtm)' kfv zsi[f jKfq …Ùm zfv sjfbX hAdÙÁ?« (rf-mDm nfulfr } 33)

kInDsv htf rsqsY, `zfïfrv iadk' mfsb `kfWrDslv iadk'. zKy ˆ zKG nDdmk. kWrDl, nftfk W dhdHâ n{jmGfdl-nr zfm äDsbv dlsj zfrhfb zfqfskv wfdmt. ˆƒ ubA zsbsj hstsYb, …ÙÁ zfrhfqj rt mczfpXdpb, sp bfmfspv dlsj mfbcNsj zfrhfb jsv.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, ��ن��1�o�L:�3��%�1��:�4~�א)�*��E��م��{��w�3��(��O��3Y�~�1�3��3:&�$�ون��N5(ن*�א�,

�a�[��ن��:�%��O��%��#*��,��J�"א��3��م��א)��g��Lא�%�4:��Q��Y�~�O��3��*�{)�٤٠�(� �ªdbÇyq pfvf zfmfv zfqfknmCsr hÛÁiK zhtìb jsv, kfvf

zfmfv zsofyv bq. sp hAdÙÁ ufrfâfsm dbd[å rsh sn swaô; bf sp djqfmskv dlb dbvfisl …id²¿k rsh sn? skfmfslv pf ƒ¤Yf jv, dbÇyq skfmvf pf jv, dkdb kfv laóf.« (rf-mDm nfulfr } 40)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) …ÙÁ zfqfsk …dïdJk `zfqfk' htsk sjht jcvzfbsj dbdlGó jsvsYb. spmb iCshG zfstfdyk


rsqsY, ˆmbef jvf hfÒbDq bq. zbcv™iHfsh `ƒtrfl' hf hÛÁiK zhtìb jvfv hAfJAfq dkdb sjht `dmKAfqb'sj dbLGfvB jsvsYb. zfv snefW ndEj bq. jfvB, wvqD zfqfsk `ƒtrfl' rq dkbHfsh } dmKAfqb j'sv, dhjxk j'sv zKhf dhsvfdLkf j'sv.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��p3�p�4��b��"�K�(��#*��,و��J�9R��B��*%�(��T�N(��)��O��3#��)�)٤١,�ن*�א��T��3�N5(وא�

F$��%�?�J��K�?��.3�p��O��#��:�E��(�3$��3#��و��1]:�)�)�٤٢}א(>��|�.�� ªdbÇyq pfvf kfslv dbje jcvzfb zfnfv iv kf iakAfJAfb jsv

(kfslvsj jdEb wfd²À slWqf rsh.) zfv ˆ zhwAƒ ˆj mdrmmq oa§¿. n©mcJ zKhf iÇyf{ rsk dmKAf ˆsk iad[å rsk ifsv bf. ˆ iaÎfmq, iawQnfrG zfïfrv dbje rsk zhkDBG.« (rf-mDm nfulfr } 41-42)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk mrfb zfïfr jcvzfbsj `zfpDp' hstsYb. zfv kfv hAfJAfq uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) sjht ˆj iajfv zKG …sïJ jsvsYb. zKy iCshG zfstfdyk rsqsY sp, `zfpDp' rq dkb iajfv }-

ˆj } ƒpXpk-Wqftf, n©mfbD, mpGflfhfb. zbchfsl `mdrmmq' htf rsqsY.

lcƒ } ivfÛÁmwftD, dhuqD. dkb } zivfsuq, lclGm. dkdb swsNfÙÁ zsKGv dlsj ƒdÌk jsvsYb. zhwA ivhkGD

zfqfk k]fv jKfv nmKGb jsv. khcW susb vfJf …dyk sp, ˆ djkfh spmb zidvhkGbDq. spsrkc mrfb zfïfr kfv nQv[sBv lfdqk¶ dbsqsYb. dkdb hstsYb,


��Gא��c)��٩(},��*��&��p*)��א)��T�Nو�,��*��)�#��)�&��1\��ن�{� �ªdbÇyq zfdmƒ jcvzfb zhkDBG jsvdY ˆhQ zfdmƒ Wv

nQv[j.« (druXv } 9) zKGf{, j¶cvzfsb zShL r²Às[i, dhjxdk nfLb W idvhkGb-

idvhLGb rsk v[f jvf ‚mfv lfdqk¶. zkˆh jcv‚b snƒHfshƒ zfuW ncvd[k zfsY, spHfsh kf zhkDBG rsqdYt. ëó dIjGfÈstf dbu dbu ‚jDlfv nmGKsb jcv‚sbv ‚qfskv ‚dKGj dhjxdk OdesqsY ˆhQ ‚uW Oefs¤Y. ksh wfdèj dhjxdk W idvhkGb rsk kf ˆJbW ncvd[k. (zfrnfbct hfqfb)

skmbƒ ˆ djkfh dhuqD W pcof§ÀjfvD. ˆƒ jcvzfb W kfv zfJtfj dbsq mrfbhD � W k]fv zbcnfdvoB njt LmG W ufdkv mfbcsNv …isv dhuqD rsqsYb. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

}��M�N5(א��9��)�2$��7و�د��3א)&��o�:�4�� 2\��(��Dא)�T��3�$:�#��و�)��#�(��.��ن��T��%(א�� T{� �

ªdkdbƒ iKdbslGw (jcvzfb) ˆhQ nkA LmG nr dbu vnCt siavB jsvsYb, pfsk kfsj njt LsmGv …iv uqpcÙÁ jsvb.« (kfWhfr } 33, IfkXr } 28, n¶fIX } 9)

ksh zfu jcvzfsbv …©mfr ivfduk W ivfHCk sjb? …Ùv zdk nru. spsrkc …©mfr sn jcvzfb sKsj hù lCsv nsv

ˆsnsY ˆhQ kfv hAfifsv bfbf mksHl nxdó j'sv dbsuvf lst-lst wkLfdhd¤Yâ rsq isVsY. zfu jcvzfsbv ubA vnCt �-ˆv snƒ zdHspfo nkA rsqsY, pfv jKf mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

��~�א�N�w*Oوא��N�9א�א)Y��Lن��2��Qאو��Xل�{�X�*ن�,��b��3ل��)�)�٣٠}�א�(* �


ªvnCt hst, `sr zfmfv iadkiftj! zfmfv n©ialfq skf ˆ jcvzfbsj idvkAfuA msb jsvsY.« (Icvj¶fb } 30)

k]fvf dhsw¶ nshGfidv dYstb ndEjHfsh jftuqD jcvzfb mfbA j'sv. zfu k]fslv …ÙvnCdvoB tfdÒk W illdtk rsqsY snƒ jcvzfb huGb j'sv.

`dhsw¶ pfvf dYt snvf rsq mcntmfb, zfdu kfvf tfdÒk YfdVqf jcvzfb.'

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��g�4��|א��%� L�O��5(�.�X�*��B��w��(��J�2�O��(��J�2��%�3��$�2�B��#5:(��א��%� Xو��

��,�ن*g�1و��ن��*��:�%��O��%��a�<�E��#5:(א�{)�٥٣�(��Gא)�� ªWvf lxPHfsh zfïfrv wiK j'sv hst sp, kcdm Wslvsj

zfslw jvst Wvf durfslv ubA zhwAƒ shv rsh. kcdm ht, `wiK jsvf bf. skfmfslv zfbcokA skf ufbfƒ zfsY. skfmvf pf jv, zfïfr zhwAƒ sn dhNsq ndhswN zhdrk.« (bCv } 53)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) zfqfskv swNfQswv kInDsv hAfij zKGsj nQjDBG j'sv dlsqsYb. dkdb dtsJsYb, skfmfslv snƒ zfmt nìsá zfïfr zhdrk, pf skfmvf jKfq zfbcokA W jfsu dhsvfdLkfv™si jvY.

zKy hAfijsj hAfij vfJfƒ zfhwAj. zhwA njt jsmGv msLA kfslv ‰ jfuW wfdmt, pf zfqfsk …dïdJk rsqsY.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��G��T*p(א�R��"3�,و��G��:*[(م��א��X�,א):5#��و��T��4ذ��]��و�)��G��O��J�2��2:�O��5(ل��B��

��[��bو�א)��:�L(��#��1��5א:�L�"�O��Q��1�ن��3��w�3{)�٣٧�(��Gא)��


ªˆmb nh stfj pfslvsj hAhnf-hfdBuA ˆhQ ÛÁq-dhÛÁq zfïfrv ±mvB rsk ˆhQ bfmfp jfsqm W pfjfk ialfb jvf rsk dhvk vfsJ bf, kfvf Hq jsv sndlbsj, spdlb kfslv z§Àv W lxdó HDdk dhr ¶t rsq iVsh.« (bCv } 37)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) …ÙÁ zfqfsk …dïdJk `dkufvk' (hAhnf-hfdBuA)-ˆv hAfJAfq dtsJsYb, `ÛÁq'. dkdb hAhnfv mskf ˆk hAfij wèsj sjht `ÛÁq' jvfv msLA nDdmk jsvsYb. jfvB kfv isvƒ nQspfduk wè ˆsnsY `hfƒ', zfv kfsk zfsY `dhÛÁq'-ˆv zKG. zKy ndEj rst `hfƒ' wsèW `ÛÁq'-ˆv zKG zfsY. `hfƒ' wsèv ndEj zKG ÛÁq-dhÛÁq …Hqƒ. nckvfQ k]fv …ÙÁ nDdmkjvsBv sjfb zKG KfjsY bf.

kfYfVf mfbcN sjht ÛÁq-dhÛÁq dbsqƒ zfïfrv ±mvB rsk ˆhQ bfmfp jfsqm W pfjfk ialfb jvf rsk dhvk Kfsj bf, hvQ iBA nfufsk-ÈYfsk, nQv[B jvsk, oBbf W drnfh ƒkAfdl jvsk dosqW dhvk Kfjsk ifsv ˆhQ …lfnDb rsk ifsv. htf hfùtA, jcvzfsbv hAfij zKGsj nQjDBG zbcLfhb-süsm h¦lD jvf …dyk bq.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��~�1��J��(��bא�N�4��J�2�(א��Y��3�N5(�1~�א��g��?��(א��]��Oن��ن��;<�&�3��3�N5(ن*�א�,

�ن��%�:��O��(��J�"و��J�:��3��#5:(و�א��G��EW(�١٩(}א)$;��و�א�(��Gא)�� ªpfvf dhÇhfnDslv msLA zw½Dtkfv ianfv jfmbf jsv, kfslv

ubA zfsY ƒrstfsj W ivstfsj mmG§Âl wfd²À. zfv zfïfr ufsbb, skfmvf ufb bf.« (bCv } 19)


uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) …ÙÁ zfqfsk …dïdJk `zw½Dtkfv ianfv' sj smZdJj ianfsv nDmfhÝ jsvsYb. zKy kf bf j'sv hAfij vfJf uv¢vD. zbcv™i ˆƒ wfd²À sjht kfslv ubA dbdlGó bq, pfslv zihfl iayfsvv ubA zfqfk zhkDBG rsqsY. hvQ ˆv dhLfb djqfmk ipG§À njstv s[sÛ iaspfuA. zfqfk zhkDsBGv jfvB Jfn rstW, kfv dhLfb zfm Kfsj.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��[�Oن�� ن��4��(��w�3��3�N5(א��N�&��:�1��bא�N�4��J�2�<��[�3و��g��"�1��J�2�<��J��(��{)�٦٣�(��Gא)��

ªnckvfQ pfvf kfv zfslswv dhv¢ÝfyvB jsv, kfvf nkjG srfj sp, dhipGq zKhf jdEb wfd²À kfslvsj oafn jvsh.« (bCv } 63)

…ÙÁ zfqfskv kInDsv `dIkbf' hf dhipGq htsk `hftf-mnDhk' Lvf rsqsY ˆhQ jdEb wfd²À ivjfst oafn jvsh hst dbLGfvB jvf rsqsY. iajfw sp, ˆJfsbW hAfij zKGsj nQjDBG zsKGv shfkst h¦lD jvf rsqsY.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, �)�٣٣(}و�)�� "��א)��3�N5)��3$�ون��J�2��!�3�o*"�?��Q?��Kא):�1��#5/�:�#�{ �

ªpfslv dhhfsrv nfmKGA sbƒ, zfïfr kfslvsj dbu zbcoasr zHfhmcÙÁ bf jvf ipG§À kfvf spb nQpm zhtìb jsv.« (bCv } 33)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk …dïdJk `dhhfsrv nfmKGA' htsk sjht zfdKGj nfmKGAƒ bq. jfvB zsbsjv zfdKGj nfmKGA zfsY, dj§Â dhhfsrv ifÛD ifs¤Y bf, kfvfW dj§Â nQpm zhtìb jvsh.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,


}R�*��Fg*��Gא)��)�)�٤٥}و�א�T��D�:�E��#5:(.*�د�א� �ªzfïfr nm²À uDhu§Âsj ifdb sKsj nxdó jsvsYb.« (bCv } 45) uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, `zKGf{, hDpG sKsj.' zKy njt iajfv uDh-u§Âv u¦m hDpG sKsj bq. spsrkc hù

sifjf hf jDe zfsY, pfslv u¦m rq zfûG sbfQvf sKsj. nckvfQ kInDsv ifdbsj `ifdb' vfJfƒ nÌk.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, �ن�{�T��3��#��א��T��%��J5:�K�"�3��2�1��Q�� :��J�2��:�4��(�pم��{)א)�وم)��٣٥� �

ªzfdm dj Wslv dbje ˆmb sjfb ltDt zhkDBG jsvdY, pf Wslvsj zfmfv sjfb zQwD ²¿fib jvsk hst?« (v™m } 35)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk `htf' htsk uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) v™ijfsKG zh²¿fv htfsj hcdUsqsYb. zKy sn htf zfsvf hAfij. zfïfrv jftfm, zfïfr hstb ˆhQ jcvzfb hst W hqfb jsv. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

}�ST��.א��,�~��o�:�4�;��L�3ن��Y��L(א�א�N�9�*ن��א)5,�ن��:�"�w�3��#��1��J�9�M�N{� �ªdbÇyqƒ ˆ jcvzfb hbD-ƒnaf„t sp nh dhNsq mksHl jsv,

kfv zdLjfQswv hxÙf§À kfslv dbje dhhxk jsv.« (bfmXt } 76) spmb djqfmsk mfbcsNv zfmtbfmf jKf htsh. mrfb zfïfr

hstsYb, }*��,��D�&(��J�K��:�4��D� ��3��"�Tא��N�9ن��:�%��O��J�"��T��¾� ��"� ��*��T��{)�٢٩�(� �

ªzfmfv (dbje nQvd[k) ˆ zfmtbfmf, pf skfmfslv hAfifsv nkA jKf htsh. skfmvf pf jvsk, dbÇyq zfdm kf dtdihÝ jvfkfm.« (ufdNqfr } 29)


mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, �א£� �ن)��٣٠(}��Tن��Q%��K�?��Q%��:�4و��x��Oون��,�)��5ن��R��3א):5#��,�ن*�א):�#5{ �

ªskfmvf ƒ¤Yf jvsh bf; pdl bf zfïfr ƒ¤Yf jsvb. zfv zfïfr nhGÎ, iaÎfmq.« (lfrv } 30)

…ÙÁ zfqfskv kInDsv uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) hstsYb, ªskfmvf (zfbcoskAv iK zhtìsbv) ƒ¤Yf jvsh bf, pdl bf (kf) zfïfr ƒ¤Yf jsvb.« spsrkc kfv iCshGv zfqfsk zfsY, ªdbÇyq ˆef ˆj …islw, zkˆh pfv ƒ¤Yf sn kfv iadkiftsjv dlsj iK zhtìb jv¢j.« ( lfrv } 29)

zKy zfqfskv zKG hAfij. njt ƒ¤Yfv hAfifsvƒ mrfb zfïfrv ƒ¤Yf zhwAƒ rsk rsh. nckvfQ sjht zfbcoskAv iK zhtìsbv hAfifsv k]fv ƒ¤Yfsj nDmfhÝ jvf …dyk bq.

zk}iv zfqfskv swNfQsw dtsJsYb, ªiaÎfmq (k]fv jsmG).« htf hfùtA, ˆJfsbW k]fv drjmksj sjht k]fv jsmGv dHksv nDdmk jsvsYb. zKy dkdb k]fv nxdósk, jsmG, dhLfsb, iadklfsb, wfd²À lfsb, HfoA dbLGfvsB, nh djYcskƒ dkdb iaÎfmq. zhwA ˆ nh djYcsj pdl k]fv ˆj-ˆjef jmG htf rq, kfrst zftflf jKf.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��7��"��1��%�2~��"*3��g*�م�h�J*�א��א):��#5א)��D�:�E�M�N5א) *%��و�א��و�א)��ض��و��

�א) �$G)��٤(}�o�:�4א)��ش��)��J�Kد�و��#��و�)�~«�و�)��[��5T�N�"�O��:�1ون� �ªzfïfr; dpdb zfjfwmàtD, ixdKhD ˆhQ Wslv z§ÀhGkDG nm²À

djYc Yq dlsb nxdó jsvsYb. zk}iv dkdb zfvsw nmcâk rb. k]fv dhv¢sÝ skfmfslv sjfb zdHHfhj zKhf ncifdvwjfvD sbƒ; khcW dj skfmvf …islw oarB jvsh bf?« (nfulfr } 4)


…ÙÁ zfqfskv kInDsv uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, ªk]fv dhv¢sÝ (sr mÄfhfnD!) skfmfslv sjfb zdHHfhj zKhf ncifdvwjfvD sbƒ; khcW dj skfmvf …islw oarB jvsh bf?«

htf hfùtA, ˆ nsìfLb sjht mÄfhfnDv ubA bq, hvQ kf nmoa mfbhmàtDv ubA.

ˆ dYt hAfijsj nDmfhÝ j'sv kInDv jvfv djYc bmcbf. ifEj …ÙÁ kInDsv ˆƒ swaBDv zfsvf …lfrvB ifshb. …sÜwA zfibfsj nkjG jvf, pfsk Hct LfvBfq idkk bf rb.�

jdkiq shdEj hAfJAfv bmcbf

kInDsvv zsbj ²¿fsb ˆmb hAfJAf zfsY, pf ndEj bq. iamfdBk bq zKhf pcdÙÁpcÙÁ bq. ifEj ˆjec msbfspfoD rstƒ kf hcUsk ifvshb. ˆJfsb djYc bmcbf slWqf rt }-

}��:�Xن��و�,�ذ��Tو��<K�"��oو�א��I��:��)�:��g�K��0�%א��$�وאm�د�م��1 ��$�وא�,��56,��3��1��K(א{)�٣٤�(G�L<(א�G��

ªpJb dIdvñfslvsj httfm, `zflmsj dnulfr jv.' kJb njstƒ dnulfr jvt; dj§Â ƒhtDn dnulfr jvt bf; sn zmfbA jvt W zrQjfv ialwGb jvt. nckvfQ sn zdhÇhfnDslv z§ÀHGcÙÁ rt.« (hfj¶fvfr } 34)

…ÙÁ zfqfk ˆhQ zbcv™i nCvf zf'vfI } 11, druXv } 29, hfbD ƒnvf„t } 61, jfrXI } 50, n¶fl } 72bQ zfqfskv kInDsv zflmsj dnulf jvfv iÝdkv hAfifsv uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) hstsYb, `zdHhflbmCtj U]csj dnulf, mfdesk jift sEdjsq dnulf bq.'


dnulfv sn zfslw dYt zdHhflbmCtj ˆhQ ƒhflkmCtj dYt bf, sn jKf ncdbdÇyk. dj§Â kf sp mfdesk rfk-if-jift svsJ idvdyk dnulf dYt bf, kf ndEj bq. jfvB dnulfv zfnt zKGƒ rt nfôfsÌ iadBifk. zfv sjfb sjfb zfqfsk ±ió j'sv htf rsqsY, ªdnulfq idkk rW.« zKGf{, mfdesk jift svsJ dnulf jv.

ˆ dnulf mrfb zfïfr YfVf zbA jfsvf ubA ³hL bf rstW k]fvƒ zfslsw kf zfhdwAj dYt. zfv mrfb zfïfr pf zfslw jsvb, kf iftb jvf ƒhflk; pdlW kf zbA ²¿st rfvfm. spmb mfbcN rkAf jvf rfvfm. dj§Â mrfb zfïfrv zfslsw ƒhvfrDm �-ˆv ubA kf dYt ƒhflk. làdhdL iasqfsov s[sÛ wfnjslv ubA kf dhsLq.

htf hfùtA, zflsmv ubA sn dnulf sjht mfKf U]cdjsq dYt ˆhQ mfdesk jift svsJ dYt bf, ˆ jKf htfv sjfb iasqfub dYt bf.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��(��<�3��(��J�TR��B��$�X��b��"�K(�9��3.��א��ن��w�O��J�"��T��*%א��Qa�S�T��J�K

�v�<;��b��"�Tو��#n:(א��J�TR��B��$�X�a�S�T��4��א��$G)�)�١٥}א��b��"�K(و��3�� ªsr ‰wDoa§¿LfdvoB! zfmfv vnCt skfmfslv dbje ˆsnsY,

skfmvf djkfshv pf sofib jvsk, sn kfv zsbj zQw skfmfslv dbje iajfw jsv ˆhQ zsbj djYc (iajfw bf j'sv) …si[f j'sv Kfsj. zhwAƒ skfmfslv dbje zfïfrv dbje rsk suAfdk W nc±ió djkfh ˆsnsY. (mfdqlfr } 15)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) suAfdkv hAfJAfsk dtsJsYb, `mcrf©mfl �.' dj§Â jfkflfr sKsj hdBGk ˆ kInDv pcdÙÁpcÙÁ bq. jfvB,


1. zfqfskv ðv¢skƒ vnCt �-ˆv jKf htf rsqsY. ªzfmfv vnCt skfmfslv dbje ˆsnsY.« kfrst zfhfv bkcb jsv `mcrf©mfl ˆsnsY' htfv spZdÙÁjkf Kfsj bf.

2. zfqfsk …dïdJk `bCv' hf `suAfdk' rt jcvzfb. `WqfW' (rfvsI zfk¶XXI) dlsq ixKj jvf rstW dHâfsKG hAhr™k rqdb, ˆJfsb hAfJAfsKG hAhr™k rsqsY. …ÙÁ `bCv'-ˆv hAfJAf rt, `djkfhcm mchDb'. kfv iamfB ivhkGD zfqfk,

��א��#��>�.��א) *�0م�{�j��]�<*Oא��#n:(א��#��M�$�2�3{)�١٦�(G$א��G�� ªpfvf zfïfrv n§Âdó tfH jvsk yfq ˆ (suAfdkmGq jcvzfb)

äfvf dkdb kfslvsj wfd§Àv isK idvyfdtk jsvb.« (mfdqlfr } 16) t[BDq sp, `dhrD' pmDv (nhGbfm) ˆjhyb hAhr™k rsqsY.

bsy{ `bCv' zsKG bhD rst `dhdrmf' dähyb pmDv hAhrfv rskf. hù ufqofq mrfb zfïfr jcvzfbsj `bCv' hstsYb. spmb,

}�,��(�pو��J�K��9ن��*�J�TR��B��$�X3��3;��2א)�*�س��Q��<;א��Q��J�K��({�� ªsr mfbh! skfmfslv iadkiftsjv dbje rsk skfmfslv dbje

iamfB ˆsn si]ZsYsY ˆhQ zfdm skfmfslv iadk ±ió bCv (suAfdk) zhkDBG jsvdY.« (dbnf } 174)

…ÙÁ zfqfskW `bCv' htsk jcvzfbsjƒ hcUfsbf rsqsY. `zhkDBG jvf' snƒ jKfvƒ kfjDl jsv. spsrkc bhD ifEfsbf rsqsY, zhkDBG jvf rqdb. jcvzfbƒ zhkDBG jvf rsqsY.

i[f§Àsv `bCv' mfsb `bhD' jvstW, ˆ sKsj iamfB rq bf sp, bhD bCv sKsj nxó. jfvB sn bCv v™ij zsKGv k]fv bhczskv bCv rsk ifsv. spmb Îfsbv bCv, pf lxwAmfb bq.

iv§Â ˆ zfstf, suAfdk hf bCv sKsj …sÜwA zft-j¶cvzfb.


…sÜwA bhD � bq. zbA zfqfsk kfv hAfJAf vsqsY, }�a�<�Eن��:�%��O��%��)�#��و�א)�;��א)�p��M�N5)��و�א):��#5��א��):5#��و��W�1{)�٨�(� �

ªzkˆh skfmvf zfïfr, kf]v vnCt W sp suAfdk zfdm zhkDBG jsvdY, kfsk dhÇhfn ²¿fib jv. skfmfslv jxkjmG n©isjG zfïfr ndhswN zhdrk.« (kfofhcb } 8)

pdl ˆ nsÙ¶W sj… hst, vnCtsjƒ suAfdk hcUfsbf rsqsY, kfrst dbsmv zfqfk iadbLfbspfoA,

}��~�1��J�9�$��4��Q��"K��#��3$�و��M�N5(א�*~��V~*�אل��א)�*>��ن��א)�*��3��3"*>��N5(א��5>��א)"*��א��Gو�א£�� )%��و��و��4��J�9��2��3א)%��Kو��2�(�;.�&�3��Jא)�J�9��3��.��

��J�2��:�4��T�~�"5(�0ل��א��Vو�א��J�9��e�,��J�2��4��]�/�3و��A��W�<�w(א��J�2��:�4و��3&��م��*Oو ��و��]��و ��و�א��*p�4و��#��א��Y��3�N5(��1��J�9��>��(#��و��ل��p��M�N5(א��א�א)�;��<

��Gא�4Vא�)��١٥٧(}א)%��:�&��ن�� zKGf{, pfvf dbv[v vnCt W bhDv zbcnvB jsv, pfv …sïJ

kWvfk W ƒÓDt pf kfslv dbje zfsY kfsk dtdihÝ ifq, sp kfslvsj n{jfsuv dbslGw slq W zn{jfsu dbsNL jsv, sp kfslv ubA idhÛ h²ÂnmCrsj ShL jsv W zidhÛ h²ÂnmCrsj zShL jsv ˆhQ sp kfslv Hfv W háb pf kfslv …iv dYt (kf rsk) kfslvsj mcÙÁ jsv. nckvfQ pfvf kfv iadk dhÇhfn ²¿fib jsv, kfsj n©mfb jsv, kfsj nfrfpA jsv ˆhQ sp zfstf kfv nfsK zhkDBG jvf rsqsY kfv zbcnvB jsv, kfvfƒ rsh nItjfm. (zf'vfI } 157)

htf hfùtA, jcvzfb rt zfLAfdk¹j bCv, pf zfstfjv™si lxwAmfb


bq. zbcv™i bhD �-sj `bCv' mfbstW zfLAfdk¹j bCv. lxwAmfb bCv zfslZ bq ˆhQ dkdb bCv sKsj nxó, kfW bq. zfv ˆsk k]fv n©mfb dh¦lc idvmfB rafn rq bf.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��o�:�4��I��(��(א)%��3?��ج��و��o�:�4��(א)��4ج��?��ج��و��o�:�4��(ج��و��?�o�%�4��(א

��*��J�K�O��2و��J�Kو��Y��J�K�Oو��א��:�T��Oن��J�K� ��o�:�4��4��א��J�K�Oو��E��א��J�Kو��E�,��*%�4��J�K�Oو��%��J�Kو��

��B��J�K��:�4��I��(��J�K�L3�$�eو��#�&�O��*��J�"K�:و��J�K�O��(��E��א)��J�Kو��E�� o�:�4א��%�:� �1��QO��J�":�Eذ�א�د��f�1��QO��"و��Q��%�Bא��:�T��Oن��g*��&�O��J�K�ن�:�L��O��J�K5:��(��3W(א��J�K�(��#5:(�3>��א��>�(�N�T�g�<��|�g�T��<��#5:�٦١(}�4�$��א)�(� �

ªzsáv ubA, JsÓv ubA, v¢oXsBv ubA ˆhQ skfmfslv dbsuslv ubA skfmfslv dbsuslv oxsr zfrfv jvf lCNBDq bq zKhf skfmfslv dikxosBv oxsr, mfkxosBv oxsr, ëfkxosBv oxsr, HdobDosBv oxsr, dikxhAslv oxsr, IcIcslv oxsr, mfkctslv oxsr, Jftfslv oxsr zKhf sn nh oxsr pfv yfdh skfmfslv rfsk zfsY zKhf skfmfslv hácslv oxsr; skfmvf ˆjsÛ zfrfv jv zKhf ixKjX ixKjXHfsh zfrfv jv, kfsk skfmfslv ubA sjfb zivfL sbƒ; ksh pJb skfmvf oxsr iashw jvsh, kJb skfmvf skfmfslv öubslv iadk nftfm htsh. ˆ rsh zfïfrv dbje rsk jtAfBmq W idhÛ zdHhflb. ˆHfsh skfmfslv ubA dblwGbfhtD dhwlHfsh dhhxk jsvb; pfsk skfmvf hcUsk ifv.« (bCv } 61)


uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, zKG rt, …dïdJk njstv oxsr zfrfv jvf ³hL; pdlW kfvf …id²¿k bf Kfsj. zKGf{, pJb JfWqfsk kfslv n©mdk zfsY, sn jKf ufbf pfsh.

dj§Â `pJb JfWqfsk kfslv n©mdk zfsY, sn jKf ufbf pfsh.' ˆ wkG zfsvfi jvf ndEj bq. spsrkc pJb hfdV-Wqftfv JfWqfv hAfifsv n©mdk zfsY ufbf pfsh, kJb …dïdJk öubslv hfdVsk JfWqfv mfsU ˆhQ zbAfbA stfsjslv hfdVsk JfWqfv mfsU ifKGjA jD Kfjsh?

zkˆh ndEj rt ˆƒ sp, …dïdJk njstv oxsr zfrfv jvf ³hL; pdlW kfvf …id²¿k bf Kfsj. zKGf{, pJb JfWqfsk kfslv zn©mdk zfsY, sn jKf ufbf bf pfsh.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, �3&� �>�#��א)\W�%5ن��*"�?�R�o,�ذ�א��B�R ��و�א{�Fg��L��Fbא�� T��J�2�(��%�4وא��T��3�N5(

��#��و�א�� ?�� 51��٣٩(}):��#5��3[��א)&� ��Q�� $��3��J�(�bو�و��B$��א):�1�� $��4��#5(� �ªpfvf nkA iakAfJAfb jsv, kfslv jmG mv¢HCdmv mvDdyjfv bAfq;

diifnfkG pfsj ifdb msb j'sv Kfsj. dj§Â sn Wv dbje …id²¿k rst slsJ kf djYcƒ bq ˆhQ snJfsb sn zfïfrsj ifq. zk}iv dkdb kfv jmGIt iCBGmfÛfq lfb jsvb. zfv zfïfr drnfh oarsB k{iv.« (bCv } 39)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, ªsnJfsb sn zfïfrsj ifq.« zKGf{, kfv zfmstv dbje.

zKy ndEj rt, mvDdyjfv dbje zfïfrsj ifq. jfvB ±iófsKG pmDv dbjehkGD …dïdJk wsèv iadk ƒdÌk jsv.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,


}��$�X�®.�T�F��51��e��5 ��)��O��Jن*�א):�3��#5 �>��Z)��1��#~�א) *%��و�א��و�א)��ض��و�א)��#�O��:�e��J�:�4ن��:��3��%��J��:�4��#5:(و�א��#�&��<� �O�٤١(}و��(��Gא)��

ªkcdm dj slJ bf sp, zfjfwmàtD W ixdKhDsk pfvf zfsY kfvf ˆhQ …V§À ifJDlt zfïfrv idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jsv? njstƒ k]fv iawQnf ˆhQ idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBfv iÝdk ufsb. zfv Wvf pf jsv, sn dhNsq zfïfr nmAj zhok.« (bCv } 41)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, ªnjstvƒ iawQnf ˆhQ idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBfv jKf zfïfr ufsbb.« spsrkc zfqfskv swNfQw ˆƒ zsKGv ƒdÌk hrb jsv.

zKy ndEj rt, zfqfsk `ufbf' dÛÁqfv jkGf `zfïfr' bb. hvQ zfjfw-ixdKhDv njst dbu dbu `nftfk W kfnhDr' ufsb. spsrkc mrfb zfïfr njstv msLA kfv Îfb iad[å jsvsYb.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, ��$��ذ�)�<��{��J�2��D3��1�o5(��"�3�*J�h��|ل��و��*�(��):5#��و��*��Yن��(��L�3و�

�v��l�%(��Gא)��)�)�٤٧}و��و��(<�� ªWvf hst, zfmvf zfïfr W vnCst „mfb vfdJ ˆhQ zfmvf

zfbcokA jdv; dj§Â ˆviv Wslv ˆjlt mcJ dIdvsq sbq. h²Àck} Wvf mc'dmb bq.« (bCv } 47)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) …ÙÁ zfqfsk ˆhQ zfsvf zbA zfqfsk `„mfb' mfsb sjht `kfnlDj' (nkAfqb) jsvsYb. dj§Â kfsk zn©iCBGkf vsqsY. spsrkc „mfb rt z§Àsv dhw¶fn, mcsJ öDjfv W zfmst idvBk jvfv bfm. sjht nkAfqb hf nkAÎfb jvf


„mfsbv ubA psKó bq. ˆƒ ubA zfhC kfsth mc'dmb dYstb bf, zKy dkdb zfïfr W k]fv vnCtsj nkAÎfb jsvdYstb.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��(��(��R��L�(ن��B��3��(��3�N5(ل��א��Xو��$�L�(��*��pل��4:��א)%�:��K��gو��7

�4"��א�Qa�<�Tא��Gא)��Xن)��٢١(}א�"�K>��وא��1~�� J�2و��4"�� ªpfvf zfmfv nf[f{ jfmbf jsv bf, kfvf hst, `zfmfslv dbje

dIdvñf zhkDBG jvf rq bf sjb? zKhf zfmvf zfmfslv iadkiftjsj sldJ bf sjb?' Wvf Wslv z§Àsv zrQjfv sifNB jsvsY ˆhQ Wvf Èv¢kvv™si nDmftQOb jsvsY.« (Icvj¶fb } 21)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) …ÙÁ zfqfsk …dïdJk ªpfvf zfmfv nf[f{ jfmbf jsv bf«-ˆv kInDsv dtsJsYb, ªicbv¢Úfbsj Hq jsv bf.«

zKy jfmbf hf zfwf wèsj Hq hf zfwËf wè dlsq hAfJAf jvf pfq bf. zhwA kfv iajxkfKG oarB jvf znýh rst zftflf jKf. zfv ˆJfsb zfnt zKG oarsB sjfb nmnAfƒ sbƒ. jfvB zKG rt, zfïfrv jfsY …id²¿k rsq k]fv nf[f{ W lwGb jfmbf jfsIvslv Kfsj bf.

}��2��1��.��Bو��QBو��R��%* ��}א��QBو�Q��%�Xא��;��Qaא�O>��א)�B�M�N5��.��1~�א) �ªjk iafycpGmq dkdb dpdb bsHfmàst vfdwyÛÁ nxdó jsvsYb ˆhQ

Wsk ²¿fib jsvsYb ialDi (nCpG) W suAfdkmGq y¦û.« (Icvj¶fb } 61) uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb,

}��2�1�.�B/��}�و{��3��Bא��{��I%�(א��و�i}�وX%�א��aא��{�9�]%¤��B��GRא�X:g:�/1ع��(��TN(��2��%L(א��Eא��وa��M��.� �


ªWsk (zfsvf) ²¿fib jsvsYb ialDi (nCpG) W suAfdkmGq y¦û.« zbA ˆj dj¶vfk zbcpfqD `dnvfufb' ˆjhysbv ufqofq `ncv¢ufb' hùhyb zfsY. zKGf{, …Ï¶t ialDimftf. zk}iv dhswNHfsh y]flsj …sïJ jvf rsqsY, kfv ˆj iajfv mfrfsk¹Av ubA.

dkdb htsk sysqsYb, ialDimftfv msLAƒ y]fl zfmHfsh wfdmt dYt. dj§Â `zfkXI' hf nQspfub j'sv ixKjHfsh kfsj …sïJ jvf rsqsY kfv zdkdvÙÁ ³hdwsóAv ubA. zKy ˆ LfvBf ndEj bq. hvQ ialDimftf sKsj y]fl ixKj kfƒ kfsj ixKjHfsh …sïJ jvf rsqsY. spsrkc y]fl ialDi bq, kfv dbuö sjfb zfstf sbƒ. spmb mrfb zfïfr zbAÛ hstsYb,

��Qא�و��X$*�� ز�ل��)�"��:�%��א�4�$�د��{��%�L(و�א�R��j��I�%*�(א��.��B�M�N5(א��9�.�[��3��D�&(��م�3��:�%��א) ��vو�א)&� ��D�:�E��bא):n#��ذ�)�<��,��56�L�(��3mن��א{� �

ªdkdbƒ snƒ nÙf dpdb nCpGsj lDdåmfb W y¦lasj zfstfjmq hfdbsqsYb ˆhQ Wv (odkv) usbA j[nmCr dbLGfdvk jsvsYb, pfsk skfmvf hYvnmCsrv nQJAf W (nmsqv) drnfh ufbsk ifv. zfïfr ˆnh h²Â zpKf nxdó jsvbdb, dkdb Îfbhfb n©ialfsqv ubA ˆƒ nm²À dblwGb dhwlHfsh hBGbf jsvb.« (ƒ…bcn } 5)

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }�Qא��Tوא�;��!5:(��א)��Xن)�)�٧٢}و�א��3�N5()��2��3$�ون��א)p;و��و�,�ذ�א��;وא� �

ª(kfvfƒ ivm lqfmsqv hf¦lf) pfvf dmKAf nf[A slq bf ˆhQ znfv dÛÁqfjtfsiv n©mcJDb rst öDq mpfGlf v[fsKG kf idvrfv j'sv yst.« (Icvj¶fb } 72)


…ÙÁ zfqfsk `znfv dÛÁqfjtfi' htsk uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) `uObA jKf'sj hcdUsqsYb. zKy …sÜwA rt, iaskAj snƒ jKf hf jmG, pfsk sjfb iajfsvv …ijfv sbƒ.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��B��(و��.�S��.�Tن��Y��L(א�א�N�9�~�1س��*�:�(��j��$�L�(و��*��(��L��(�Fg�3W��J�2�"��

�ن��:� �<��5(�,��J�"وא�,�ن��T��3�N5(א{)א)�وم)��٥٨�G�� ªzfdm skf mfbcsNv ubA ˆ jcvzfsb nhGiajfv lxóf§À dlsqdY, kcdm

pdl Wslv dbje sjfb dblwGbW …id²¿k jv, kfrst zdhw¶fnDvf zhwAƒ htsh, `skfmvf skf dmKAfwaqD.« (v™m } 58)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk …dïdJk `tfqAfj¶Ctfâf' wsèv hAfifsv dtsJsYb, ˆjfdLj bCb ˆjdÛk rWqfv jfvsB bCbcv vIXƒ hfl slWqf rsqsY. klbcv™i lcƒ nfsjb ˆjdÛk rWqfv jfvsB hùhysbv pmDv WqfW hfl slWqf rsqsY. zKGf{ dkdb htsk sysqsYb, ��(�L�( zfnst

��(�L�( dYt. zKy ˆ LfvBf Hct. jfvB ��(�L�( ˆjhyb dÛÁqf, zfv

kfv jkGf rt ��3N(א. k]fv brhD dhsw½NB ndEj rsk rst wède

*��(�L�( bf rsq *��(�L�( rskf. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

}��*��&��g��<�� $��و�)��*�1��%~�א)��ض��X��FG:��م��و�א)>�&��$�%�3; ��$��J��K�?��p3�p�4��#5:(5#��,�ن*�א:(א��%�:�T��{)ن)��٢٧�%L(�G��

ªixdKhDv nm²À hx[ pdl jtm rq ˆhQ ˆ sp nmcla ˆv nfsK pdl zfvW nfk nmcla pcÙÁ rsq jfdt rq, khcW zfïfrv hfBD (dtsJ) swN rsh bf. dbÇyqƒ zfïfr ivfÛÁmwftD, iaÎfmq.« (tcj¶mfb } 27)


uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, `(zfïfrv hfBD swN rsh bf) zKGf{, …ÙÁ idvmfB jfdt W jtm hf kfvW shdw jfdt-jtm äfvf dtsJ k]fv ÎfbHfàfv swN rsh bf. spsrkc k]fv ÎfbHfàfv z§ÀrDb.'

htfƒ hfùtA sp, zfïfrv hfBD htsk k]fv ÎfbHfàfv hcUf ntIosBv hcsUv idvi§¿D ˆhQ ±ió wè sKsj lCsv nsv zKG oarsBv bfmf§Àv. spmb zbAÛ ˆ jKf …dïdJk rsqsY.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, ذ�)�<��ن*�א):�9��#5��א)&�D;�و��ن*��4�$�3�ن��د�و��#��א)>��|�.��و��ن*�א):�9��#5��א)��:�~;��{

�a�<�K(א{)ن)��٣٠�%L(�G�� ªˆÈdt iamfB jsv sp, zfïfrƒ La¢h nkA ˆhQ Wvf k]fv idvhskG

pfsj Ffsj, kf hfdkt. zfv dbÇyq zfïfr dkdbƒ nc…¤y, ncmrfb.« (tcj¶mfb } 30)

kInDsv htf rsqsY, ªˆÈdt iamfB jsv sp, zfïfrƒ La¢h nkA ˆhQ Wvf k]fv idvhskG pfsj Ffsj (ƒhflk jsv), kf hfdkt (bw¶v). zfv dbÇyq zfïfr dkdbƒ nc…¤y, ncmrfb.«

`hfdkt' ˆmb djYcsj hst, pfsk sjfb jtAfB sbƒ. spmb mrfbhD � hstsYb,

�))�F$��<�(��g�%�:�T��4��2�(��X�Fg�%�:�Tق��$�e��:��.�|��)).��0�E��FR�~��;.�T��6א�� ªnhsysq nkA jKf pf sjfb jdh hstsYb, kf rt tfhDl (jdhv)

jKf, (dkdb hstsYb,) `swfsbf, zfïfr YfVf nh djYcƒ hfdkt.« (hcJfvD 3841bQ)�

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,


}v�2*��R�*��Fg�(��:��#�:� ��.��B�*J�h{)�٨�(G$� ��Gא)� �ªzk}iv kc¤Y kvt ilfsKGv dbpGfn rsk kfv hQw …{iâ

jsvsYb.« (nfulfr } 8) kInDsv `nctftfr' wsèv hAfJAf jvf rsqsY `zftfj¶fr' dlsq.

zKy sjfb dudbsnv nfvdbpGfnsj `nctftfr' htf rq; uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dbsu ˆ jKf hstsYb nCvf mc'dmbCb 12bQ zfqfskv kInDsv. zfv `zftfj¶fr' htf rq hDspGv ivhkGD zh²¿fv vÙÁdiàsj.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��J�T�� 3��N�9��J�Kא�,��*��R��L�(��J�"�� %��א��Xو�N�1��%��$:�w(א��bא�N�4א��Xو�ذ�و�

�ن��:�%��O��J�"��T{)�١٤�(G$� ��Gא)� �ªnckvfQ skfmvf wfd²À zföflb jv. jfvB, zfusjv ˆ

nf[fskv jKf skfmvf Hcst dosqdYst. zfdmW skfmfslvsj Hcst sodY. skfmvf pf jvsk kfv ubA skfmvf dyvjfstv wfd²À sHfo jvsk Kfj.« (nfulfr } 14)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, `ˆ jKf ufrfâfsmv v[Dvf htsh, pJb Wvf kfsk iashw jvsh.'

zKy hfsjAv nfsK hÙÁfv nfmÓnA rq bf. htf hfùtA, …ÙÁ …dÙÁ mrfb zfïfrv. dkdbƒ kfslvsj ˆ jKf htshb; spmb iCshGv zfqfskv …dÙÁW k]fvƒ.

}��I��*.�T��OW�(��ل��~�)��:��ن*��2�B��J*��و�)��L(א�*D�?��K�(�$�9א��9و��v��%�Bو�א)�*�س��g*��(א{)�١٣�(G$� ��Gא)� �


ªzfdm ƒ¤Yf jvst iaskAj hAdÙÁsj n{isK idvyfdtk jvkfm. dj§Â zfmfv ˆ jKf pKfKG nkA, zfdm dbÇyqƒ mfbh W lfbh …Hq äfvf ufrfâfm iCBG jvh.« (nfulfr } 13)

zfv Hcst pfWqf hf dhn¹xk rWqfv hAfifsv mrfb zfïfr zbAÛ hstsYb,

}�J�2�� 1��#n:(א�א�� {)�٦٧�(g��Gא)"� �ªkfvf zfïfrsj Hcst sosY, nckvfQ dkdbW kfslvsj Hcst

sosYb.« (kfWhfr } 67) }��3�R��L�(��J�"�� %�T��J�T�� N�9��J�Kא�و��و�א��J�Tא)�*��و��)��K��J��و��X.��א)��م��

��3��e�*�{)�٣٤�(g�h�¤א�G�� ªWslvsj htf rsh, `zfu zfdm skfmfslvsj Hcst pfh, spmb

skfmvf ˆ dlsbv nf[f{jfvsj Hcst dosqdYst. skfmfslv zfwaq²¿t rsh ufrfâfm ˆhQ skfmfslv sjfb nfrfpAjfvD Kfjsh bf.« (ufdNqfr } 34)

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��~�1��J�Kא��E�f�1��J�9R��Yא��%�:��O��J5(ن��f�1��#5:(�4�$��א�� X��9��J�2��W�(��J�9�אد��4

��J�K��:�X��$*%��O��*��K�(و��#��J�O�� E��%��1��B��J�K��:�4��I��(و��J�K��(א��א)$��3و��٥(}#��Qא��*?��%��Qو��Tن��א):5�(bאp?Vא�G��

skfmvf Wslvsj dikxidvysq Ffj; zfïfrv lxdósk ˆdeƒ bAfqnÌk, pdl skfmvf Wslv dikxidvyq bf ufb, ksh Wslvsj skfmvf LmDGq Hfƒ ˆhQ hácv™si oBA jv. sp dhNsq skfmvf Hct jv sn dhNsq skfmfslv sjfb zivfL sbƒ, dj§Â skfmfslv


zf§Àdvj ƒ¤Yf Kfjst (kfsk zivfL zfsY). zfv zfïfr [mfwDt, ivm lqftc. (‚rXpfh } 5)

…ÙÁ zfqfskv swNfQswv kInDsv uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, ª(sp jKf skfmvf dbdNÝ rWqfv iCshG hstY, kfv ubA) zfïfr [mfwDt, (ˆsk skfmfslv iadk) ivm lqftc.«

zKy k]fv kInDv ndEj hst msb rq bf. jfvB, sjfb dbslGw ufvD rWqfv zfso kfv dhivDk jvst sjfb ifi rq bf hf kfsk ifjVfW rq bf. nckvfQ kfv hAfifsv [mfwDtkf ialwGsbv sjfb mfsb rq bf. zkˆh ndEj kInDv rt ˆƒ sp, ª(sp jKf skfmvf dbdNÝ rWqfv isv Hcthwk} hstY, kfv ubA) zfïfr [mfwDt, (zfv dbdNÝ rWqfv isv Hcthwk} ifi ifjVfW bf jvfv hAfifsv dkdb skfmfslv iadk) ivm lqftc.«

zfsvf htf pfq sp, ªzfïfr [mfwDt, ivm lqftc« Hcthwk} hf ƒ¤Yfjxk …Hq ifijsmGv hAfifsv. zk}iv Hcthwk} jxk ifi ifjVfW bf jvfv hAfifsv dkdb zdk jv¢Bfmq. zfv ƒ¤Yfjxk ifi mfI jvfv hAfifsv dkdb mrf [mfwDt. ndEjHfsh kWhf jvst mrfb iaHc k]fv hf¦lfsj [mf j'sv slb.

zbcv™i slJcb } nCvf dbnf 23bQ zfqfk. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

}��.�3��%�2��|�:��ذ�)�<��;�א)5��T��3�N��وא��1��و��L�:�E��א) *%��Rو�א)��ض��و��T��3�N5:�(��*�(وא��א��{)ص)��٢٧�G��

ªzfdm zfjfw, ixdKhD ˆhQ …Hsqv z§ÀhGkGD sjfb djYcƒ zbKGj nxdó jdvdb; ˆ skf zdhw¶fnDslv LfvBf. nckvfQ zdhw¶fnDslv ubA vsqsY ufrfâfsmv lcsHGfo.« (n¶fl } 27)


uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, ªnckvfQ zdhw¶fnDslv ubA vsqsY ufrfâfsmv `Wqfƒt' bfmj …ikAjf.«

zKy ˆ zfqfsk …ÙÁ wè Lmsjv ubA hAhr™k rsqsY. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

}��J�2��:�X��g��L:�(��.�3��1��#��*��o�:�4��:��م��2�1�f:�(�� $�e��#5:(��%�1א��v�<��ل��:�j�~�1��>��(5#��و�:(א��Tذ��{)�٢٢�(��p(א�G��

ªzfïfr ƒntfsmv ubA pfv h[ …¦mcÙÁ j'sv dlsqsYb Ist sn kfv iadkiftj rsk (zfok) zfstfv msLA zfsY, sn dj kfv nmfb-- sp ˆv™i bq? lcsHGfo kfslv ubA, pfslv z§Àv zfïfrv ±mvsB jdEb, Wvfƒ ±ió dhëfd§Àsk zfsY.« (pcmfv } 22)

…ÙÁ zfqfk ˆhQ zfsvf zsbj zfqfsk …dïdJk `Wqfƒt' wsèv kInDsv uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) `zfpfshv wè' hst …sïJ jsvsYb. dj§Â ndEj rt wède Lmsjv wè.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��J�"��Tא��Xذ�و��v�%�(�5\:�(��.��Xو��g��L(م��א��3��bא�N��(א��R��#�2�B��~�L*"�3��%�1��

�ن��<� K�O{)�٢٤�(��p(א�G�� ªsp hAdÙÁ djqfmskv dlb kfv mcJmàt äfvf jdEb wfd²À sEjfsk

yfƒsh (sn dj kfv mk, sp dbvfil?) nDmftQObjfvDslv htf rsh, skfmvf sp jmG jvsk kfv wfd²À zföflb jv.« (pcmfv } 24)

…ÙÁ zfqfsk `jdEb wfd²À'v hAfJAf jsvsYb `nhsysq jdEb wfd²À' hst. zKy zfqfsk ��bאN�(א�R� zfsY, ��bאN�(א�� ƒnXsm kfIpDstv wè sbƒ. db}ns¦lsr kInDsv ˆde zdkvÓb rsq sosY, pf hfÒbDq dYt bf.


zbcv™iHfsh dkdb …sïJ jsvsYb sp, ‰ hAdÙÁsj kfv olGfsbv nfsK rfk h]fLf zh²¿fq ufrfâfsm dbs[i jvf rsh. zKy ˆv ƒdÌk jcvzfsb sbƒ. nýhk} dkdb LfvBf jsvsYb sp, kfv rfk h]fLf bf Kfjst mcsJv hlst sn dbu rfk äfvfƒ jdEb wfd²À sEjfsk yfƒk.

dj§Â ˆmb LfvBf ndEj bfW rsk ifsv. jfvB ˆmbW rsk ifsv sp, kfv rfk sJftf Kfjsh, dj§Â sn kfv äfvf zfpfh sEjfsk n[m rsh bf zKhf sn LfvBf jvsh sp, mcJ äfvf sEjfsbf shdw ItianC.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��I��(و��jو��%��J�:�4��#n:(و�א�o�S��2�"��jو��~��,��b��(��X��2�"��j�1:�%*��و�

��ن�� 9��<��و�ذ��3*"��2��א)�*��N��4��~��,و��J�3��2�"��*%�א)�o�S��V��T��T*Nو�,��~��J��B*�(א{)�٣٦�(Y�G��ل��%4אن �

ªzk}iv pJb sn (ƒmvfsbv ²ÃD) Wsj (n§Àfb) ianh jvt, kJb sn htt, `sr zfmfv iadkiftj! zfdm jbAf ianh jsvdY, h²Âk} zfïfr nmAj zhok sn pf ianh jsvsY. zfv (‰ jfd£[k) icÛ skf (ˆ) jbAfv mk bq, zfdm kfv bfm mfvqAfm svsJdY ˆhQ zdHwå wqkfb rsk kfv W kfv hQwLvslv ubA skfmfv ifbfr dld¤Y.' (‚st ƒmvfb } 36)

…ÙÁ zfqfk ˆhQ nCvf zfbzfm } 117, ƒ…ncI } 77, bfrXt } 125, j¶fn¶fn } 37, 56, 85, zfbjfhCk } 10, pcmfv } 70, bfuXm } 30, 32 W j¶ftfm } 7bQ zfqfsk …dïdJk `zf'tfm' wsèv hAfJAfq uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) `zfstm' dtsJsYb.

zKy `zf'tfm' ƒnsm kfIpDstv wè `zfstm' zsi[f shdw …¤y mpGflfn©iâ. spsrkc zfstm mfsb ÎfbD, dj§Â zf'tfm mfsb


nhfv sysq shdw ÎfbD. nckvfQ db}ns¦lsr ˆde kInDsvv ˆjde Û¢de.

pdl hstb, `zfïfr nhfv sysq ÎfbD' htf rst zbAsjW ÎfbD mfbf rq ˆhQ kfsj k]fv nfsK kctbf jvf rq. kfrst zfmvf hth, kfsk [dk jD? öqQ uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) jcvzfsbv `zfvrfm, zfrjfm, Jfƒv¢v vfdrmDb, Jfƒv¢t rfdjmDb' iaHxdk wsè zsbAv nfsK kctbf jsvƒ `zsbAv yfƒsk shdw' zKG j'sv kctbfmCtj wsè kInDv jsvsYb. kfrst `zf'tfm' wsèv kInDsv sjb ˆmb hfLf ˆt? `zftDm, zfïfm, zf'tfm' ƒkAfdl wsè sp zdkdvÙÁ zKG ifWqf pfq, kf dj `zfstm' wsè zfsY? kfrst mrfb zfïfr `zfstm' wè hAhrfv bf j'sv `zf'tfm' wè sjb hAhrfv jvstb?

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��x��Bذ�א��,�o*"�?א�Q�ز��g*��(א�o�(�,��J�2*��א��L*O��3א�N5(א��D��و�9��و��1"�&��و�

��3�$�(��E��9��:�E��1د��J�"�<�|��J�K��:�4م��:��2�"��p�E��J�2�(ل��X��2و��א��{)�٧٣�(��p(א� �ªzfv pfvf kfslv iadkiftjsj Hq jvk, kfslvsj lst lst

ufâfskv dlsj dbsq pfWqf rsh. pJb kfvf ufâfskv dbje …id²¿k rsh ˆhQ ufâfskv lvuf Jcst slWqf rsh ˆhQ kfv v[Dvf kfslvsj htsh, `skfmfslv iadk nftfm (wfd§À), skfmvf ncJD rW ˆhQ ²¿fqDHfsh hfn jvfv ubA ufâfsk iashw jv.« (pcmfv } 73)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) …ÙÁ zfqfskv kInDv jsvsYb, ªzfv pfvf kfslv iadkiftjsj Hq jvk, kfslvsj lst lst ufâfskv dlsj dbsq pfWqf rsh. pJb kfvf ufâfskv dbje


…id²¿k rsh (kJb kfvf kfsk iashw jvsh) ˆhQ ufâfskv lvuf (ƒdkiCshG) Jcst slWqf rsh ˆhQ kfv v[Dvf kfslvsj htsh, `skfmfslv iadk nftfm (wfd§À), skfmvf ncJD rW ˆhQ ²¿fqDHfsh hfn jvfv ubA ufâfsk iashw jv.«

k]fv msk ufâfkDslv ufâfskv lvufq si]ZYsbfv zfso kfslv n©mfbfsKG kf Jcst vfJf rsh. zKy ˆmb lfhDv sjfb ltDt sbƒ. hvQ k]fv lfhDv dhivDskƒ ltDt zfsY.

vfnCtcïfr � hstsYb, )��2��L��X��1��g*��¤א��b��g�L:�&��N�E��3و*ل��.(� �

zKGf{, zfdmƒ rh snƒ hAdÙÁ, sp nhGiaKm ufâfskv lvufv jVf Lsv drtfsh. (zfrmfl 2692, dkvdmpD 3148, lfsvmD 50bQ)

) ��w�1��(و��g��L(م��א��3��g*��(א��.�E�$�3و��و*ل��.(� �zKGf{, zfdmƒ rh snƒ hAdÙÁ, sp nhGiaKm ufâfsk iashw jvsh.

(zfrmfl 12491, dn} nrDrfr 1571bQ) )�:�Tد�م��Y��$�(و��g*��¤א��b��#�(��Z�"��3و��و*ل��g��L(م��א��א��~��3�(��&�O��J�2.(� �

ªdjqfmskv dlb zflm-n§Àfbslv njstƒ zfmfv ikfjfkst zh²¿fb jvsh ˆhQ zfdmƒ rh snƒ hAdÙÁ, pfv ubA nhGiaKm ufâfskv lvuf sJftf rsh.« (ƒhsb zfnfdjv, n} ufsm' 7118bQ)

�ل��«� �X��1��ز�ن��w(ل��א��L��1��Z�"��"��1��g��L(م��א��3��g*��(א��b��o�OY�$*%�&��.��>�:�<�X�F$�?�V��Z�"1��6��>��ل��L��1«.� �

ªzfdm ufâfskv dbje ˆsn kfv lvuf Jctsk hth. lfsvfqfb dIdvwXkf htshb, `sj zfidb?' zfdm hth, `mcrf©mfl.' lfsvfqfb htshb, `zfdm zfdló rsqdY, spb zfibfv iCshG zbA jfsvf ubA


lvuf bf Jcdt.« (mcndtm 507bQ) kfrst ufâfkDslv n©mfbfsKG ufâfskv lvuf zfso sKsjƒ Jcst

vfJf rsh---ˆƒ lfhD pKfKG bq. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

��ن�4��Q"L��<�T��J�9��O��$��א):5#��و��4�$��א)��3��3�N5د�)��ن��3Y�~�1א):��#5{ :��!��*<�B��<�K�"��:�X��.�T�o�:�4��#5:(א��]�< �3��>�(�N�Tא��Y��3�N5(א{)�1)��٣٥��G��

ªpfvf dbsuslv dbje zfok sjfb ltDt-iamfB YfVfƒ zfïfrv dblwGb n©isjG dhkàfq dtå rq --kfslv ˆ jfu zfïfr ˆhQ dhw¶fnDslv dbje zdkwq zns§ÀfsNv dhNq. ˆƒ mskf zfïfr iaskAj …Ýk W ³övfyfvD hAdÙÁv r™lqsj smfrv j'sv slb.« (mc'dmb } 35)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) kInDv jsvsYb, ªˆƒ mskf (Wslv ëó jvfv mskf) zfïfr iaskAj …Ýk W ³övfyfvD hAdÙÁv r™lqsj smfrv j'sv slb.«

zKy ndEj rt, ªˆƒ (smfrv jvfv mskf) zfïfr iaskAj …Ýk W ³övfyfvD hAdÙÁv r™lqsj smfrv j'sv slb.«

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��~��(��>��$�%�&��Z�<��e��1>��,�ن*�و��$�4א):5�?��#D®�و�א�"�!��)��N>�<��و�

��K��f(و�א{)�1)��٥٥��G�� zkˆh kcdm SLpG LfvB jv; dbÇyq zfïfrv iadkwa¢dk nkA. zfv

kcdm skfmfv ifsiv ubA [mf iafKGbf jv ˆhQ njft-náAfq skfmfv iadkiftsjv niawQn idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jv. (mc'dmb } 55)


…ÙÁ zfqfk ˆhQ nCvf mcrf©mfl 19 ˆhQ (zbcv™i IfkXr 2)bQ zfqfskv kInDsv uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, ªkcdm skfmfv ifsiv ubA [mf iafKGbf jv« (pfsk skfmfv ncâk hf zflwG ifdtk rq.)

zKGf{, skfmfv [mfiafKGbf slsJ stfsjvf [mfiafKGbf jsv ˆhQ ˆsk skfmfv zflwG kfvf oarB jsv. uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) spb ƒdÌk jsvsYb sp, bhD � spsrkc db°ifi. snsrkc k]fsj [mf iafKGbf jvsk htfv snƒ zKGƒ rsh.

bhDoB db°ifi rb, ˆsk sjfb ns¦lr sbƒ. snƒ Hct, pfsk ifi rq, sn Hct sKsjW mrfbhD � mcÙÁ dYstb. kfrst mrfb zfïfr sjb hstsYb,

}��~��(��>��$�%�&��Z�<��e��1>��,�ن*�و��$�4א):5�?��#D®�و�א�"�!��)��N>�<��و��K��f(و�א{)�1)��٥٥��G��

ªzkˆh kcdm SLpG LfvB jv; dbÇyq zfïfrv iadkwa¢dk nkA. zfv kcdm skfmfv ifsiv ubA [mf iafKGbf jv ˆhQ njft-náAfq skfmfv iadkiftsjv niawQn idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jv.« (mc'dmb } 55)

�"�!��)��N>�<��و�)�:%��v��lو�א)%��l��و�א):�3��#5��:��J�:�4��1��J*#��)��,�)�#��,�)��5א):5#��و�א��{�J�Tא��Sو��J�K�<5:�L�"��{)�١٩�(� �

ªnckvfQ kcdm susb vfJ, zfïfr YfVf (nkA) sjfb …ifnA sbƒ. zfv [mf-iafKGbf jv skfmfv ˆhQ mcdmb bv-bfvDslv Û¢dev ubA. zfïfr skfmfslv odkdhdL ˆhQ zh²¿fb s[Û nìsá nmAj zhok zfsYb.« (mcrf©mfl } 19)


)��!��)�<��א):�L�O��#5$*م��ذ��>�<��و��O��E*��و��3J�"*��%�"�#��4:��<��و��2�3�3�$<��{�Q%��L�"� �א)�"Z)��٢(}��eא|��; �

ªspb zfïfr skfmfv zkDk W HdhNAskv Û¢denmCr mfuGbf jsvb ˆhQ skfmfv iadk kf]v zbcoar iCBG jsvb W skfmfsj nvt isK idvyfdtk jsvb.« (IfkXr } 2)

sjb mrfbhD � dlsb nÙsvv shdw zKhf ˆj wkhfv j'sv ƒd²ÀoIfv jvskb?

bhD jvDm � hstsYb, ªzfïfrv wiK! zfdm iakAr zfïfrv jfsY nÙv hfsvvW shdw ƒd²ÀoIfv ([mfiafKGbf) W kfWhfr jsv Kfdj.« (hcJfvD 6307bQ)

ªzfmfv z§Àv zfïfrv n¹vB sKsj dbsmNHv hfLfiafå rq. snsrkc zfdm dlsb ˆjwk hfv zfïfrv dbje [mf dH[f yfƒ.« (mcndtm 7033bQ)

k]fv iChGfiv njt sofbfrsj [mf jvf rsqsY nfrfhfoB sn jKf k]fsj htskb.

sjfb zfmt jvsk htst ˆhQ nfrfhfoB kfv yfƒsk shdw jvsk yfƒst mrfbhD � k]fslvsj dbsNL jvskb. kJb nfrfhfoB htskb, `zfmvf skf zfibfv mskf bƒ sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfïfr skf zfibfv iChGfiv njt sofbfr mfI jsv dlsqsYb.' (hcJfvD 20bQ)

ˆj hAdÙÁ ˆsn Iskfqf duÎfnf jvt, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! zidhÛ Kfjf zh²¿fq Iusvv bfmfspv nmq rsq pfq, kfrst zfdm dj svfpf vfJh?' vfnCtcïfr � htstb,

�م��«�e��1��Bو��G�0*[(א�o��T��$�Oو��«.� �


ª(r]Af,) zfmfvW zidhÛ zh²¿fq bfmfspv nmq rsq pfq, zk}iv zfdm svfpf vfdJ.«

stfjde htt, `zfidb skf zfmfslv mskf bb sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfïfr skf zfibfv iChGfiv njt sofbfr mfI jsv dlsqsYb.' (mcndtm 2649bQ)

djqfmsk jsóv nmq ncifdvswv ubA stfsjvf bhDosBv jfsY pfsh. kfvf njstv iawQnf jsv zfïfrv lvhfsv ncifdvw jvsk htsh. kfvf mrfbhD �-ˆv iawQnf jsv htsh, `zfïfr zfibfv iChGfiv njt sofbfr mfI jsv dlsqsYb.' (hcJfvD 4712, mcndtm 501bQ)

…hfƒl dhb …mfƒv � hstb, ˆjlf zfdm zfsqwf (vfdp¶qfïfù zfbrf)sj httfm, zfïfrv vnCt �-ˆv uDhsb nhsysq hV zfÇypGmq Oebf jD slsJsYb, kf zfmfslvsj htcb. dkdb [Bjft bDvh sKsj htstb, `ˆj vfsÛ (bhD �) zfmfsj htstb, ªzfsqwf! zfu vfsk zfmfsj zfmfv iadkiftsjv ƒhflskv ubA sYsV lfW.« zfdm httfm, `zfïfrv jnm! zfdm zfibfv ³bjeA yfƒ ˆhQ kfƒ yfƒ, pf zfibfsj zfb¦l lfb jsv.' nckvf dkdb …sE WpC jvstb ˆhQ bfmfp iVsk ðv¢ jvstb. bfmfsp dkdb j]flsk tfostb. dkdb hsn dYstb, (syfsJv ifdbsk) k]fv sjft dHsu sot. kfvivW j]flsk tfostb. (dnulfq sost zwa¢sk) mfde dHsu sot! (Iusvv zfso) dhtft bfmfspv Jhv dlsk ˆstb. dkdb pJb k]fsj j]flsk slJstb, kJb htstb, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfidb j]flsYb? zKy zfïfr zfibfv iChGfiv nm²À sofbfr mfI j'sv dlsqsYb!' dkdb htstb, ªzfdm dj (zfïfrv) ðjXvÈpfv hf¦lf rh bf? zfu vfsÛ zfmfv …iv jsqjde zfqfk zhkDBG rsqsY. L¶Qn kfv ubA, sp kf isVsY,


zKy kf dbsq ˆjec dy§Àf-Hfhbf j'sv slsJdb. �)��و�)�~��3m��Fو�א)�*�2��א):��5.��و�א�E"��0و�א��Vض��א) *%��و�א��1��D:�E~�,�ن*{

�b��<(Vא)��3א)5)��١٩٠�Nون��T�N�3��#n:(א��Q��Xא�Qد��Xو��o�:�4و��J�2��B��5ون��K��"�3~��و��1��D:�Eو�א��%* �*��و�א��Vض��א)��L�:�Eא�N�9�0�|��>��&�<��L�1��bא�N�4��*�(א{�

)١٩١�(G��%4אن�Yل� �zKGf{, dbÇyq zfjfwm×tD W ixdKhDv nxdósk ˆhQ vfk W dlsbv

idvhkGsb ÎfbD stfsjslv ubA dblwGb vsqsY. pfvf lf]dVsq, hsn ˆhQ wcsq zfïfrsj n¹vB jsv ˆhQ zfjfwm×tD W ixdKhDv nxdó nìsá dy§Àf jsv ˆhQ (hst,) sr zfmfslv iadkiftj! kcdm ˆ dbvKGj nxdó jvdb. kcdm idhÛ. kcdm zfmfslvsj zfÈsbv wfd²À sKsj v[f jv. (zfst ƒmvfb } 190-191, ƒhsb drêfb, nrDr kfvoDh 1468bQ)

mf zfsqwf (vfdp¶qfïfù zfbrf) hstb, bhD � vfsk (ˆk lDOG) djqfm jvskb sp, kf]v if lcJfdb (Icst) sIse (lfo isV) spk. ˆjlf zfdm kf]sj httfm, `sr zfïfrv vnCt! zfidb ˆv™i jfu sjb jvsYb? zfïfr skf zfibfv zfsov W disYv nm²À ifi smfyb j'sv dlsqsYb.' dkdb htstb, ªzfdm dj kf]v jxkÎ hf¦lf rsk iY¦l jvh bf?« (hcJfvD 4837, mcndtm 7304bQ)

mcoDvfr dhb ð'hfr jkGxj zbcv™i hdBGk rsqsY. (hcJfvD 1130, mcndtm 7302bQ)

mrfbhD �-ˆv ìfi' htsk ˆmb sYfe-Jfsef Hct-ycj pf mfbhDq lchGtkf zbcpfqD Ose pfq ˆhQ spÈstfv nQswfLbW mrfb zfïfrv i[ rsk j'sv slWqf rq.

mrfbhD �-ˆv `zkDk W HdhNAskv Û¢denmCr'-ˆv zKG, ˆmb


nh dhNqfdl, pf kAfo jvfƒ …Ùm zKhf ˆmb nh dudbn, pf dkdb � öDq Îfb, zbcmfb W iasyófv zfstfsj jsvsYb, dj§Â zfïfr kf iY¦l jsvbdb. spmb, zfècïfr ƒhsb …s©m mfjkcm �-ˆv Oebf; pfv …iv nCvf `zfhfnf' zhkDBG rt.

ªsn ë™ jcdÑk jvt ˆhQ mcJ dIdvsq dbt. spsrkc kfv dbje zá stfjde zfomb jsvdYt. skfmfsj djsn ufbfsh? rqskf hf sn idvðÝ rk. zKhf …islw oarB jvk, Ist kf kfv …ijfsv zfnk. i[f§Àsv sp stfj shisvfqf, kcdm kfv iadk msbfspfo dlst. zKy sn idvðÝ bf rst skfmfv sjfb slfN sbƒ. i[f§Àsv sp skfmfv dbje Ycse ˆt nHq msb, kcdm kfv iadk dhmcJ rst! j[sbf (ˆv™i jvsh) bf. êf skf …islwhfBD; sp ƒ¤Yf jvsh sn kf n¹vB vfJsh (W …islw oarB jvsh).« (‚hfnf } 1-12)

ˆjlf bhD �-ˆv dbje jcvfƒw (jfsIv)slv níf§À hAdÙÁhoG hsn jKf-hfkGf htdYt. ˆmkfh²¿fq rEf{ …ÙÁ zfècïfr dhb …s©m mfjkCm � …id²¿k rstb. dkdb ˆjub zá mfbcN dYstb. zfnf mfÛ bhD �-sj äDsbv jKf duÎfnf jvsk tfostb. dkdb k]fv iadk djYcef dhvdÙÁHfh sifNB jvstb ˆhQ kfv iadk zmsbfspfoD rstb. êf mrfb zfïfrv ziY¦lbDq dYt. kfƒ nkjGkföv™i nCvf zfhfnfv ‰ zfqfkÈdt zhkDBG rt. (dkvdmpD 3331bQ)

zbcv™i ˆjde Oebf, djYc stfj durfsl wvDj bf rWqfv zbcmdk yfƒst mrfbhD � kfslvsj zbcmdk dlsq dlstb. zfïfrv ƒ¤Yfq zbcmdk bf slWqfefƒ ndEj dYt. mrfb zfïfr kfƒ k]fsj nkjG jsv htstb,

}��J�:��Oא�و��X�$�e��3�N5(<��א*��)��3"�>��o*"�?��J�2�(��ذ��J�(��>��4��#n:(א��4


�v��g)�)�٤٣}א��K(ذ��Gא)"� �zKGf{, zfïfr skfmfsj [mf jv¢b. skfmfv dbje nkAhflD ±ió

W dmKAfhflD Îfk rWqfv iCshG kcdm kfslvsj zbcmdk sjb dlst? (kfWhfr } 43)

mrfbhD �-sj nsìfLb jsv htf rstf sp, durfsl wvDj bf rWqfv zbcmdk iafKGDslvsj kfslv Wuv nkA dYt dj bf, kf kl§À jsv bf slsJ sjb zbcmdk dlsq dlst? dj§Â ˆƒ dkvõfsvW snsrv iaHfh shwD dYt. ˆƒ ubA …ÙÁ Û¢dev [mfv jKf iaKsmƒ ±ió jsv slWqf rsqsY.

susb vfJf lvjfv sp, ˆƒ dkvõfv ˆƒ ubA jvf rsqsY sp, zbcmdk slWqfv hAfifsv kfVfùVfv nfsK jfu sbWqf rsqsY ˆhQ iCBGHfsh nkAkf pfyfƒ jsv slJfv iasqfub msb jvf rqdb. bsy{ kls§Àv iv pfv nkAƒ Wuv zfsY kfsj zbcmdk slWqfv hAfifsv mrfb zfïfrv kvI sKsj kf]sj zbcmdk slWqf rsqdYt. spmb dkdb hstsYb, }ذ�א�f�1��}��J�2��)�%��1�ذ�ن��J�2��)�>��א�"��ذ�� ªzkˆh kfvf skfmfv jfsY kfslv sjfb jfsuv zbcmdk yfƒst kcdm kfslv msLA pfsj ƒ¤Yf zbcmdk lfW.« (bCv } 62) `pfsj ƒ¤Yf' mfsb rt, pfv jfsY ndkAjfsv Wuv zfsY, kfsj zbcmdk slWqfv zdLjfv skfmfv vsqsY. (zfrnfbct hfqfb)

zbcv™i zfsvf ˆjde Oebf, hlv pcsÝ 70 ub jfsIv mfvf iVt ˆhQ 70 ub h¦lD rt. ˆef jfsIv W mcndtmslv iaKm pcÝ dYt. ˆƒ ubA pcÝh¦lDslv hAfifsv jD Lvsbv zfyvB jvf spsk ifsv ˆ hAfifsv iCBGv™si sjfb dhLfb ±ió dYt bf. nckvfQ bhD � snƒ 70 ub h¦lDslv hAfifsv nfrfhfslv nsÌ ivfmwG jvstb sp, jD jvf


pfsh? kfslvsj rkAf jvf rsh, bf djYc mcdÙÁiB (dhdbmq) dbsq sYsV slWqf rsh? ³hLkf drnfsh ˆƒ lc'de vfqƒ ndEj dYt. snƒ ubA …ÙÁ lc'de vfq dbsq dhshj-dhshybf W dy§Àf-Hfhbf jvsk tfostb. dj§Â jJsbf jJsbf ³hLkf W zShLkf sKsj lxdó dIdvsq jft-ifÛ W idvd²¿dk hcsU zdLjkv …Ùm i§¿f zhtìb jvfv iasqfub rq. ˆJfsbW zdLjkv jtAfBjv i§¿f zhtìb jvf iasqfub dYt. dj§Â ³hLkfsj nfmsb svsJ zsi[fjxk jmkv jtAfBjv i§¿f zhtìb jvf rt. sp hAfifsv nkjG jsv zfïfr kfzftfv kvI rsk H{Gnbföv™i zfqfk zhkDBG rt. …mfv � iaHxdkoB bhD �-sj ˆƒ ivfmwG dlstb sp, jcIXsvv wdÙÁ W iakfisj sHsÌ sItf lvjfv zfsY. ˆƒ ubA h¦lDslvsj rkAf jvf srfj. sjbbf, ˆvf rt jcIXv W jfsIvslv iaLfb W n©mfdbk hAdÙÁ. ˆvf mcdÙÁ sist ƒntfm W mcndtmslv dhv¢sÝ zdLjv™si yÛÁf§À yftfsh. i[f§Àsv zfhc hfjXv � iaHxdkoB …mfv �-ˆv vfsqv dhivDk vfq siw jvstb sp, kfslv jfY sKsj mcdÙÁiB (dhdbmq) dbsq kfslvsj sYsV slWqf srfj. zfv ‰ mft äfvf zfofmD pcsÝv ubA ia²Âdk sbWqf srfj. bhD � ˆƒ vfqsj iafLfbA dlstb. kJb ˆ hAfifsv zfqfk zhkDBG rt,

�ن��)�#��1��w�S�3�o*"�?�7~�א��Vض��3��O$�ون��4��ض��{�K�3ن��)��>�~«��ن��T��J��K�?��p3�p�4��#n:(و�א��G��Em��$3��3��#אn:(٦٧(א)$;��و�א�(��D�<��#n:(א��b��"�T��6��5(

��1��J�K* �%�(�J��\�4��bא�N�4��J�O�N�E��%{)ل)��٦٨��Vא� �zKGf{, slsw n©iCBGHfsh wÛ¢ dbifk bf jvf ipG§À h¦lD vfJf

sjfb bhDv ubA nÌk bq. skfmvf jfmbf jv ifdKGh n©il ˆhQ


zfïfr yfb ivstfsjv jtAfB. zfv zfïfr ivfÛÁmwftD, iaÎfmq. zfïfrv iChG dhLfb (dtdihÝ) bf Kfjst skfmvf pf oarB jsvY, kfv ubA skfmfslv …iv mrfwfd²À zfidkk rk. (‚bXIft } 67-68)

( ?�"*�3�o�1��w�S~�א��Vض�( ˆv mkth rt, pdl slsw jcIXsvv zfdLikA rq (spmb, snƒ nmq zfvsh jcIsvv zfdLikA dYt), kfrst ˆ zh²¿fq h¦lD jfsIvslvsj rkAf jsv kfslv wdÙÁv mfKfsj yCBG jsv sItf zfhwAj. nckvfQ skfmvf ˆƒ nC[¹ bDdksj lxdóycAk jsv sp mcdÙÁiB (dhdbmq) oarB jvst, kfv mfsb rt zdLjkv …Ùm i§¿f huGb jsv zsi[fjxk dbm´mfsbv i§¿f zhtìb jvst; pf skfmfslv Hct ˆJdkqfv. zfv kfv ubA mrfb zfïfr …ÙÁ nkjGhfBD zhkDBG jvstb.

zfbnfvslv pfIfv sofsÛv sk¶f'mf zKhf hfwDv ƒhsb …hfƒdvj¶ bfmj ˆj hAdÙÁ ziv ˆj zfbnfvDv hmG ycdv j'sv sbq. pJb ˆƒ ycdvv yyGf rsk tfot ˆhQ pJb sn zbcHh jvt sp, kfv ycdvv jKf If]n rsq pfsh, kJb sn (ycdvjxk) hmGef ˆj ƒqfùlDv hfdVsk sIst dlsq pfIfv sofsÛv djYc stfjsj nfsK dbsq vnCt �-ˆv dbje …id²¿k rt. njst dmst htt sp, hmGef zmcj ƒqfùlD ycdv jsvdYt. snƒ ƒqfùlDW bhD jvDm �-ˆv jfsY …id²¿k rsq htt, ƒhsb …hfƒdvj¶ hmG ycdv j'sv zfmfv hfdVsk sIst dlsqdYt. pfIfv sofsÛv stfsjvf (sk¶f'mf zKhf hfwDv iaHxdk) iaKm sKsjƒ nkjG dYt. kfvf bhD jvDm �-sj hcUfsk syóf jvdYt sp, syfv ƒqfùlDƒ; sk¶f'mfv …iv dmKAf zihfl slWqf rsqsY. bhD jvDm � kfslv ym{jfv W ykcvkfiCBG jKfhfkGfq


iaHfhfdb¶k rsq isVb ˆhQ zfbnfvDsj ycdvv zihfl sKsj mcÙÁ sOfNBf j'sv ƒqfùlDsj ycdvv zivfsL zivfLD nfhA²À jvsk pfshb, dEj ˆƒ nmqƒ mrfb zfïfr ˆƒ zfqfk bfdpt jsvb,

}��K�O��6و��#n:(א��א��%��א)�*�س��J�K�&�"�(��D�&(��b��"�K(א��>��(�,��(�p��*��,�Q%��[�E��v��W�w:�({��

zKGf{, skfmfv iadk nkA nr djkfh zhkDBG jsvdY, pfsk kcdm zfïfr skfmfsj pf ufdbsqsYb snƒ zbcnfsv mfbcsNv msLA dhyfv mDmfQnf jv. zfv kcdm dhÇhfnOfkjslv nis[ dhkjGjfvD rsqf bf. (dbnf } 105)

ˆ sKsj sp dhNqÈstf ufbf sot kf rt }- iaKmk} bhD jvDm � ˆjub mfbcN dhLfq dkdb Hct shfUfhcdUv

dwjfv rskb. däkDqk} dkdb ofsqh kKf zlxswAv Îfb vfJskb bf. ofqshv

Jhv ufbst dkdb nk¶v kfslv iajxk hAfifv susb dbskb. kxkDqk} mrfb zfïfr öDq iqoìsvv drIfpk jsvb. kfƒ

jJsbfW pdl iajxk hAfifv Èå rsq pfWqfv jfvsB bhDv äfvf (nskAv) dhivDk djYc rsq pfWqfv ipGfsq siZ]Yk, kfrst nsÌ nsÌƒ mrfb zfïfr sn hAfifsv bhDsj nkjG j'sv kf]v nQswfLb j'sv dlskb. zfv ˆefƒ rt bhDslv db®ifi rWqfv mCt vrnA. ˆ ˆmb ˆj …¤y mpGflf pf zfdìqf hAkDk zfv sj… tfH jvsk ifsv bf.

ˆƒ Û¢dev ubAƒ mrfb zfïfr k]fv vnCt �-sj htstb, }�Q%��?*א��Q��Gא)� �R)��١٠٦(}و�א�"�!��א):n#��,�ن*�א):��T��#nن��


zKGf{, zfïfrv jfsY kcdm [mf iafKGbf jv. dbÇyq zfïfr yvm [mfwDt, ivm lqftc. (dbnf } 106)

sjfb kl§À bf j'sv dJqfbkjfvDslv spsrkc kcdm nmKGb jsvY, kfv ubA zfïfrv jfsY [mf iafKGbf jv. ˆ sKsj iakDqmfb rq sp, …Hq lstv msLA sjfb ˆj is[v nkAkfv hAfifsv iCBG dbÇyqkf bf rWqf ipG§À kfv nmKGb jvf ˆhQ kfv rsq Wjftdk hf iadkdbdLk¶ jvf ³hL bq. kfƒ mrfb zfïfr mrfbhD �-sj dbslGw dlstb,

}��Qא�*��Eن��T��;��&�3��6��#n:(ن*�א�,��J�2� �ن��"�w�3��3�N5(د�ل��4א��O��6و��Q%��h��{)�١٠٧�(R� �א)� �

zKGf{, kcdm kfslv is[ jKf hstf bf, pfvf dbsuslv iadk dhÇhfnOfkjkf jsv. dbÇyq zfïfr dhÇhfnOfkj ifdiôsj Hfthfsnb bf. (dbnf } 107)

…ipGcÙÁ Hct zfyvB W jmGÈdt pdlW sjfb ifi bq ˆhQ mrfbhD �-ˆv db®ifi rWqfv idvi§¿D jfu dYt bf, khcW kf]v nc…¤y mpGflf drnfsh ˆÈdtsjW Û¢de W jdm oBA jvf rsqsY ˆhQ ˆvƒ …iv [mfv jKf sOfNBf jvf rsqsY. spsrkc htf rq sp,

)�?� ��Vא��*�L%��א)��א��(.� �zKGf{, sbj stfjslv sbjD, ³bjeAiafåslv hlD. ˆmb zsbj jfu zfsY, pf zfm stfsjslv ubA jvf ³hL. dj§Â

kf Jfn stfsjslv ubA Û¢de hst oBA rq. zfv kfƒ rsqsY bhDosBv s[sÛ. (zfsvf û} `mcrf©mflcv vfnCtcïfr')

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,


}��*��J�2��1?��א��J�9�$��4��%א)��:��Jو�?��ق��<(��J�2�:��J�2�OR��B��*%�:�1�3��# �"��x�p�2ون��א��T{)�٨٣�(�1��G��

ªWslv dbje pJb ±ió dblwGbfhtDnr Wslv vnCtoB ˆt, kJb Wvf dbsuslv Îfsbv l©H jvt. zfv Wvf pf dbsq EfÕf-dhû™i jvk, kfƒ kfslvsj shób jvt.« (mc'dmb } 83)

…ÙÁ zfqfskv kInDsv uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, }��<(��J2:��J2OR�B��%:1�{�9א��א��א)\p��א��}א��?�1�{��M��

��K(א}��J9$�4��¿�{��.�1��א"p2א�Rوj&<��}�א)�:��J��M��}א)��#(��3�K��}و?�ق��{ل�p��}ن��p2" 3�#��א��T��J2��{bאN�(א�M��

ªWslv dbje pJb ±ió dblwGbfhtD (±ió mc'dupf)nr Wslv vnCtoB ˆt, kJb Wvf (jfsIvvf vnCtosBv) Îfb dbsq iakAfJfbhwk} hAÌ W rfdnHvf lý iajfw jvt. Wvf pf dbsq EfÕf-dhû™i jvk, kfƒ kfslvsj shób jvt.«

zfnst dkdb zfqfskv swN zQswv nfsK nfmÓnA vfJsk dosq sJfw rsq lý jvfv mfsb hAÌ W rfdn-EfÕf jsvsYb.

zKy zfqfskv ndEj zKG rt, jfsIvslv dbje vnCtoB dblwGbfhtD-nr ˆst, kfvf dbsuslv ÎfbhcdÝsj swaô msb jvt ˆhQ kf dbsq msb msb sJfw rsq odhGk rt.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, �%��9��R��و�ز�3*�*��{��.�T�~�1�o�?و��و��3�~�1�Fو�א��%��]�<��*��9��/�L�1

�J��:��(א��p3�p��(��3�$אL�O��>�(و�?��\��ذ��Z��[�%��1�G]:�)��١٢(}א) *%��Rא)$;��


ªzk}iv dkdb zfjfwmàtDsj lc'dlsb nåfjfsw idvBk jvstb ˆhQ iaskAj zfjfswv dbje kfv jkGhA hAÙÁ jvstb. zfv zfdm dbjehkDG zfjfwsj ncswfdHk jvtfm ialDimftf äfvf ˆhQ kfsj jvtfm ncvd[k. ˆ nh ivfÛÁmwftD nhGÎ zfïfrv hAh²¿fibf.« (rf-mDm nfulfr } 12)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, ªzk}iv dkdb zfjfwmàtDsj lc'dlsb nåfjfsw idvBk jvstb« zKGf{, hxr±idk W ðÛ¢hfsv. ˆƒ (ucmzfv) dlsbv swN mcrCskG nåfjfw nxdóv jfu swN jvstb ˆhQ ˆƒ mcrCskGƒ zflmsj nxdó jvstb.

ˆƒ kInDv sKsj LfvBf rq sp, mrfb zfïfr sp Yq dlsb nåfjfw W ixdKhD nxdó jsvsYb, snƒ Yq dlsbvƒ swN dlsb ðÛ¢hfsvv swN nmsq zflmsj nxdó jsvsYb. zKy ˆmb LfvBf ndEj bq. spsrkc mrfb zfïfr zflmsj ixdKhDv hcsj JtDIf (²¿tfdHdNÙÁ) jsvsYb. spmb mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

}��2��1��.��O��א��(��X�g��:�Eض��V�1��.�4~�א��B�~��,��g�K��0�%:�(��>;�و�,�ذ��Xل�� 3��J�:�4��~��,ل��X��>�(س��$�Lو��$�%�&��Z�<� $��2��1و��3 ��<��א)$��Rو��&��

�ن��%�:��O��6��{)�٣٠�(G�L<(א�G�� ª(n¹vB jv) pJb skfmfv iadkiftj dIdvñfslvsj htstb,

`zfdm ixdKhDsk iadkdbdL nxdó jvdY.' kfvf htt, `zfidb dj snJfsb ˆmb jf…sjW nxdó jvshb, sp zwfd§À Oefsh W vÙÁifk jvsh? zKy zfmvfƒ skf zfibfv niawQn mdrmf jDkGb W idhÛkf sOfNBf jdv.' dkdb htstb, `dbÇyqƒ zfdm pf ufdb kf skfmvf ufb bf.« (hfj¶fvfr } 30)


kfv mfsb zflsmv zfso dub iaHxdk ufdk ixdKhDsk hnhfn jsvsY. zfv dbÇyq kf zfjfw-ixdKhD nxdóv hùjft isv; ˆjƒ nmqjfst bq.

zhwA ˆsk sjfb ns¦lr sbƒ sp, zflm �-sj ucmzfv dlsbƒ nxdó jvf rsqsY. mrfbhD � hstsYb,

�))��g��%�¤م��א��3��I�%*�(#��א�4:��م�|�:��3��E�:��#��1د�م��،�و�Y��D�:�E��#��1�)).��2د��E.��א¤��*��g،�و��E��#��1ج� �

ªpfv …iv nCpG …dlk rsqsY kfv msLA nhGswaô dlb rt ucmzfv dlb. ˆƒ dlsb zflmsj nxdó jvf rsqsY, ˆƒ dlsb k]fsj shsrsñ ²¿fb slWqf rsqsY ˆhQ ˆƒ dlsbƒ k]fsj shsrñX sKsj shv j'sv slWqf rsqsY.« (mcndtm 2013bQ)

�))��<* �3�م��א)��g��،�و��2��1��D�:�Eא¤�>��ل��3�م��א�V?�$��،�و��:�E��D�:�E��Dא��א)";��،��R��Vم��א��3��א)�*��3�م��א��v��h�6،�و��D�:�Eא��Kو ��3�م��א)��R��h�0;S،�و��D�:�Eא)�;

�3�م��א»�%��I،�و�Y��D�:�Eد�م��*b��2��1א)$*وא�*A��$��א)��]��3�م��و��g��%�¤א��Fg�4א)�*��%��1��2��א)��]��,�)��oא):��5.��EY�~�1��D:�«א��EY�i.((� �

ªzfïfr kfzftf wdbhfv pmDb nxdó jsvsYb, vdhhfv kfv msLA ihGkmftf nxdó jsvsYb. snfmhfv nxdó jsvsYb ofY-iftf. mÌthfv m¦l h²Â nxdó jsvsYb. hcLhfv zfstf nxdó jsvsYb. kfsk (pmDsb) uDhu§Â YdVsqsYb hxr±idkhfv. zfv nm²À dudbn nxdó jvfv iv idvswsN ucmzfv dlb zfnsvv iv dlsbv swNHfso zfnv W vfskv mfUfmfdU nmsq (zfdl dikf) zflm �-sj nxdó jsvsYb.« (mcndtm 7231bQ)


ksh zflm-nxdóv ucmzf, zfjfw-ixdKhD-nxdóv ucmzf bq. t[BDq sp, zflm nxdóv dlbÈdtsk 7 dlsbv …sïJ vsqsY.

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��#��:�E��(�3$��3#��و��}��O��3��(F$��%�?�J��K�?��.3�p��O#��א)>��|�.��

ªn©mcJ zKhf iÇyf{ rsk dmKAf ˆsk iad[å rsk ifsv bf. ˆ iaÎfmq, iawQnfrG zfïfrv dbje rsk zhkDBG.« (rf-mDm nfulfr } 42)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, �)��#�:E��63$3#�و�v��#��)��O�3�6#�א)>�|.��NK3�b�"T�#:<X�I�(�M�

� $��.)��J�K?��.3p�O¬�$�(�و�6 �zKGf{, ˆv iChGhkGD hf ivhkGD sjfb djkfh ˆv dmKAfqb jsvdb. t[BDq sp, zft-jcvzfsbv ivhkGD sjfb zfnmfbD djkfhƒ

sbƒ, kfrst kfv dmKAfqb jvfv sjfb ianÌƒ Kfjsk ifsv bf. zfnst zfqfskv ndEj zKG rt, hfdkt, znfv hf dmKAf djYc ˆ

djkfsh ²¿fb sisk ifsv bf. kfv n©mcJ rsk sjfb hfdkt zfnsk ifsv bf, zKGf{ sp dhNsq

sn Jhv dls¤Y kfv msLA. kfv iÇyf{ rsk sjfb hfdkt zfnsk ifsv bf, mfsb sp dhNsq sn

Jhv dlsqsY. ˆ djkfh zkDskv sp Jhv dlsqsY, kf rj W nkA ˆhQ

HdhNAskv sp Jhv dlsqsY, kfW rj W nkA. smfe jKf, ˆ djkfshv Jhv W dhLfsb sjfb hfdkt hf znkA djYc

sbƒ. sjfbHfshƒ ˆsk dmKAf iad[å rqdb, rshW bf. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,


�.��X>�:�<��,�ن*��*<��)��Nو��!��FGو�ذ�و��L�3��Fb��L�4ل��{;�:�(��.��X��$�X��5(�,��>�(J��(��{)�٤٣�(�:[1�G��

ªskfmfv nìsá skf kfƒ htf rq, pf htf rk skfmfv iChGhkDG vnCtoB n©isjG. skfmfv iadkiftj zhwAƒ [mfwDt ˆhQ jdEb wfd²Àlfkf.« (rf-mDm nfulfr } 43)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) hstsYb, ªskfmfv nìsá skf skmbƒ htf rq, spmb htf rk skfmfv iChGhkDG vnCtoB n©isjG.«

k]fv mkfbcnfsv hcUf pfs¤Y sp, swNbhD �-sj pf htf rq, kf ùhù iChGhkGD bhDoBsj htf rqdb. hvQ kfv zbcv™i djYc htf rsqsY. dj§Â jcvzfsbv wè htsY, iChGhkGD vnCtoBsj sp jKfƒ htf rsqsY, sn jKfƒ swN vnCt �-sj htf rs¤Y; pdlW dHâ HfNfq. zfv ˆƒ ±iófKG oarsB sjfb hfLfW sbƒ. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

�א��?��و��ن��{�(��X��5(�,�ل��*��J�2�:�<�X��3�N5(א�o�O��>�(�N�T)٥٢�(��#��א��eא��Oن��م��|��X��J�9��.{)�٥٣�(��3א�N(א�G��

ªˆHfsh, kfslv iChGhkDGslv dbje pJbƒ sjfb vnCt ˆsnsY, kJbƒ kfvf hstsY, `(kcdm skf ˆj) pflcjv, bf rq ifot!' kfvf dj ˆsj zivsj ˆƒ m§ÃBfƒ dlsq ˆsnsY? h²Âk} kfvf ˆj nDmftQObjfvD n©ialfq.« (pfdvqfk } 52-53)

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��J3��Tن��Y��L�(��#*��,)ن��)�٧٧��K*��Fb��"�T�~�1)ون��)�٧٨��2�* ;#��,�)5��א)%��%�3��5({�

)٧٩�(g�Xא��Gא)� �


ªdbÇyqƒ êf n©mfdbk jcvzfb. pf zfsY ncvd[k djkfsh. iCk-idhÛoB hAkDk zbA sj… kf ±iwG jsv bf.« (Wqfdj¶zfr } 77-79)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, }��#�,�{��JK�:4��"T�i�{��b�Y�L(�،��bن��M��}��J3�Tא�":"K��}ن��K��ن�و9��א�]&��}[��}��# �}�,�6א�^2�ون��¿�©E�}��oא)�±�6�{��~2

Àא$?Vא��J2 �.א)��3N|�2وא�� ªdbÇyqƒ êf (pf skfmfslv dbje idEk rs¤Y kf) n©mfdbk

jcvzfb. pf zfsY ncvd[k djkfsh (dtdJk, zfv kf rt mcnrfI). (pfvf dbsuslv zidhÛkfnmCr sKsj dbsuslvsj idhÛ svsJsY, snƒ) iCk-idhÛoB hAkDk zbA sj… kf ±iwG jsv bf.« (ˆde Jhv dbsNsLv zsKG. zKGf{, jvsh bf.)

ˆde ˆjde kInDv. zKGf{, …dïdJk jcvzfb htsk ixdKhDv hcsj jfosuv jcvzfb ˆhQ ±iwGjfvD rt mfbcN. dj§Â ˆ kInDv zsbj nfrfhD, kfsh„ W mcIfnXdnvDsbv kInDsvv idvi§¿D. spmb }-

1. ªpf zfsY ncvd[k djkfsh.« zKGf{, n©mfdbk ncvd[k djkfsh nn©mfsb. (ƒhsb jfNDv)

2. ªiCk-idhÛoB hAkDk zbA sj… kf ±iwG jsv bf.« zKGf{, sp djkfh zfnmfsb (tWsr mfrICsp) zfsY. ˆ jKf ƒhsb zfêfn sKsj hdBGk zfsY.

3. ªiCk-idhÛoB hAkDk zbA sj… kf ±iwG jsv bf.« zKGf{, dIdvwXkfoB. ˆ jKfW ƒhsb zfêfn sKsj hdBGk.

4. ªiCk-idhÛoB hAkDk zbA sj… kf ±iwG jsv bf.« zKGf{, zfïfrv dbje iCk-idhÛoB hAkDk zbA sj… kf ±iwG jsv bf.


dj§Â lcdbqfsk (sp jcvzfb zfsY) kf zidhÛ zdoíCuj W mcbfdIjW ±iwG jsv. ˆ jKf jfkflfr rsk hdBGk zfsY.

5. ƒhsb pfql hstsYb, jcvfƒswv jfsIvvf msb jvk, wqkfsbvf ˆ jcvzfb dbsq zhkvB jsvsY. kfƒ mrfb zfïfr ufdbsq dlstb, ªiCk-idhÛoB hAkDk zbA sj… kf ±iwG jsv bf.« spmb dkdb hstsYb,

}��(*p��Oو��v�|��*�(א��#��ن��)�٢١٠(�� "� )�)٢١١و��2�(�~�!�<��3��Jو��3�)�٢١٢(},��*��4��J�2א) *%�[��)�%��pو)��ن� �

ªwqkfb kf dbsq zhkvB jsvdb. Wvf ˆ jfsuv spfoA bq ˆhQ ˆv nfmKAGW vfsJ bf. zhwAƒ Wslvsj wahB sKsj lCsv vfJf rsqsY.« (ðzf'vf } 210-212)

ƒhsb jfNDv hstsYb, `ˆde ˆjde Hfstf …dÙÁ. iCshGfÙÁ …dÙÁÈdt sKsj ixKj bq.'

6. wfqJ zfècv vfpXpfj zfIDID …ÙÁ zfqfskv (mfrfïD) kInDsvv eDjfq hstsYb, `ndEj rt, snef tWsr mfrICp. zfv iCk-idhÛoB rstb dIdvwXkfhoG.

…sÜwA rt, dhjxkjfvDslv rfk rsk jcvzfbsj ncvd[k vfJf. ˆ zfqfsk dhbf …pCsk jcvzfb ±iwG rfvfm rWqfv ltDt sbƒ. hvQ ˆ hAfifsv dHdÙ rt djYc rflDn; pdl kf nrDr rq.

7. wfqJ mcrf©mfl dhb …NfƒmDb (vfdrmfùïfr) ˆj svdFW siafoafsm hstsYb, pdl ون��6א�^2, äfvf …dÜó kfvf rskf, pfvf

dbsuslvsj zidhÛnmCr rsk idhÛ vfsJ, kfrst �6א�"^�2ون, htf


rskf. spsrkc dIdwXkfoB rstb ون��2^�. zfv k]fvf YfVf pfvf

zidhÛ rq, kfvf idhÛ rst htf rq �2ون^"�. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

}�J��\��(א��>��J��Z�<� �1{)�٧٤�(g�Xא��Gא)� �ªnckvfQ kcdm skfmfv mrfb iadkiftsjv bfsmv idhÛkf W

mdrmf sOfNBf jv.« (Wqfdj¶zfr } 74) …ÙÁ zfqfk ˆhQ nCvf rf-Äfr 52 W nCvf zf'tf 1bQ zfqfskv

kInDsv htf rsqsY, `ƒnXm' wède zdkdvÙÁ. zKGf{, zsKG LkGhA bq. kfv mfsb zfqfskv zKG l]fVfsh, ªnckvfQ kcdm skfmfv mrfb iadkiftsjv --- idhÛkf W mdrmf sOfNBf jv.«

zKy ndEj rt, `ƒnXm' hf bfm wède zfqfsk hfVdk W Iftkc bq. spsrkc spmb mrfb zfïfrv nÙfv idhÛkf sOfNBf jvsk rsh, skmdb k]fv bfsmv idhÛkfW sOfNBf jvsk rsh. zfv kf rsh }-

(j) sp njt bfm jcvzfb W nrDr rflDn äfvf iamfdBk, sn njt bfmsj zöDjfv jvf pfsh bf.

(J) kfv sjfb iajfv dhjxdk nfLb jvf pfsh bf. (o) kfv zKG kKf ÈBsj dbd°ÛÁq jvf pfsh bf. (O) sp bfm iamfdBk bq, sn bfm Lsv k]fsj Ffjf pfsh bf. spsrkc ˆ nh rt, k]fv bfm nìsá hÛÁiK zhtìb jvf. zfv

mrfb zfïfr hstsYb, }��3��3�N5(و�ذ��وא�א��2�� %��Rא)&� ��1�o�د��4�Vא��#n:�(و��#��W�%�:&�$�ون��1~��

�א�3��%�:��ن��Tو�ن��p��Gא�4Vא�)��١٨٠(}� �


ª…Ùm bfmnmCr zfïfrvƒ. nckvfQ skfmvf sn nh bfsmƒ k]fsj Ffsjf. zfv pfvf kf]v bfm nìsá hÛÁiK zhtìb jsv, kfslvsj huGb jv, kfslv jxkjsmGv It kfslvsj slWqf rsh.« (zf'vfI } 180)

mrfb zfïfr bCr �-ˆv ufdkv hAfifsv hstsYb, ��א��Q4و�)�{��א�)��N�Oن*��J�K�"�2�(Yو�)��N�Oن*�و�د�א�و�)��(��Xאو�Q�� 3!��Àو��3��ق��و��{� �

ª(bCr htt,) ˆhQ Wvf hst, `skfmvf jJsbf idvkAfo jsvf bf skfmfslv slh-slhDsj; idvkAfo jsvf bf zÜX, ncWqf', ƒqfoCN, ƒqf†'j W bfnXvsj.' (bCr } 23)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, `ˆÈdt kfslv iadkmfv bfm.'

zKy ndEj rt ˆƒ if]ydeƒ rt bCr �-ˆv ufdkv sbj stfsjv bfm. pJb ]vf mxkcAhvB jvstb, kJb wqkfb k]fslv HÙÁslvsj jcm§ÃBf dlt sp, skfmvf ]slv iadkmf hfdbsq dbsuslv Osv W slfjfsb ²¿fib jv. pfsk k]fvf nhGlf skfmfslv n¹vsB Kfsjb ˆhQ k]fslvsj sJqfst svsJ skfmvfW k]fslv mk sbj zfmt jvsk ifv. iadkmf hfdbsq pfvf svsJdYt, kfvf pJb mxkcAhvB jvt, kJb wqkfb kfslv hQwLvsj ˆƒ hst dwsjG idkk jvt sp, `skfmfslv iChGicv¢sNvf skf ]slv iCuf jvk, p]fslv iadkmf skfmfslv hfdVsk hfdVsk ²¿fdik vsqsY.' Ist kfvf ]slv iCuf jvsk zfv©H j'sv dlt. (hcJfvD } 4920bQ, nCvf bCsrv kfInDv idvs¤Yl)

zfnst mcwdvjvf mCdkGiCuf jvk bf, zfnst kfvf iCuf jvk kfslv sbj stfj hf zf…dtqfslv. spmb hkGmfb pcsov mcndtm


bfmLfvD mcwdvjvfW zfnst sbj stfj hf zf…dtqfslv ƒhflk j'sv Kfsj. pdlW zsbj zf…dtqf iajxkfsKG zfWdtqf bq; hvQ hf…dtqf. mCdkGiCufƒ srfj hf mfpfviCuf, lcoGfiCufƒ srfj hf loGfiCuf, zfnst dj§Â zfntfsKG hf bjtfsKG mfbcN hf dubiCuf.

ˆJfb sKsj kfslv LfvBf ±iók} ëf§À iamfdBk rq, pfvf msb jsv, jcvzfsb mCdkGiCuf dbsNL zfsY, mfpfviCuf bq. spsrkc kfvf kfslv ‰ iCufsj `dpqfvk' bfsm zfJAfdqk jsv! nckvfQ zfïfrƒ nfrfpA²¿t.

ƒnvf„tD hBGbf W dHdÙrDb djYc

sj¤Yf-jfdrbD ˆƒ kInDsv ˆmb djYc sj¤Yf-jfdrbD hdBGk rsqsY, pfv sjfb

dHdÙ sbƒ zKhf pf nrDr-ðÝ bq zKhf pf ƒnvf„tD hBGbf. ƒnvf„tD hBGbf htsk …dÜó rt snƒ njt hBGbf, pf zfrst

djkfh iamcJf{ hbD ƒnvf„stv bfbf Oebf hBGbf jvf rq, pf kfslv nmfsu iaydtk jfdrbD mcndtmslv mfsU iaydtk W kfslv djkfsh-djkfsh hdBGk jvf rsqsY.

susb vfJf lvjfv sp, ƒnvf„tD hBGbf nfLfvBk} dkbHfsh ˆsn Kfsj }-

ˆj } sp hBGbfv dHdÙ ƒntfsmv wvDqsk zfsY hf pfv nkAkf wvDqsk öDjxk.

ˆmb hBGbf hf jfdrbD zfmvf dhw¶fn jvh ˆhQ iayfvW jvh. lcƒ } sp hBGbfv dHdÙ ƒntfsmv wvDqsk sbƒ hf pfv nkAkf

wvDqsk öDjxk bq hf pfv dmKAfqb jvf rsqsY.


ˆmb hBGbf hf jfdrbD zfmvf dhw¶fn jvh bf ˆhQ iayfvW jvh bf. ksh kf `hfdkt' hst mfbcNsj nkjG jvsk rsh.

dkb } sp hBGbf hf jfdrbDv hAfifsv zfmfslv wvDqsk nkAfqb sbƒ, dmKAfqbW sbƒ.

ˆmb hBGbf hf jfdrbD iaydtk rstW zfmvf nkAÎfb jvh bf, dmKAfÎfbW jvh bf. jfvB kf nkA bf dmKAf kf ufbfv …ifq zfmfslv jfsY sbƒ.

däkDq iajfv hBGbfv …lfrvB öv™i slJcb nCvf hfj¶fvfv 102bQ zfqfskv kInDv. pfsk mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

�:��%��ن�{��>:��o�:�4��v�|��*�(א�א��:�"�O��א��<*O�١٠٢(}......و�א�(G�L<(א�G�� ªnctfƒmfsbv vfusk¶ wqkfsbvf pf zfhxdÙ jvk, kfvf kf

zbcnvB jvk.« kInDsv htf rsqsY, `k]fv vfuk¶ pJb rfkYfVf rq, kJb

wqkfsbvf pflcv nfmoaD k]fv dnQrfnsbv dbsy lfIb j'sv svsJdYt.'

nctfƒmfb �-ˆv vfuk¶ dYdbsq sbWqfv jfdrbD dhw¶fnA bq. spsrkc iaKmk} kf ƒnaf„tD hBGbf. zfv däkDqk} mrfb zfïfr bhDoBsj drIfpk jsvsYb ˆhQ k]fslv mpGflfv nfsK ˆmb jfdrbD nfmÓnAiCBG bq.

däkDq …lfrvB slJcb } nCvf ƒ…ncsIv 52bQ zfqfk. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

}�$��T�M�$�2�3��6��#n:(و��ن*�א��!(��#��E��J�(�~��J�:��(��>�(ذ��v��w(א�{)�٥٢(� �


ªˆef ˆ ubA sp, pfsk sn ufbsk ifsv sp, kfv zbcid²¿dksk zfdm kfv iadk dhw¶fnOfkjkf jdvdb ˆhQ zfïfr dhÇhfnOfkjslv NVp§Ã nIt jsvb bf.« (ƒ…ncI } 52)

kInDsv htf rsqsY, `ˆ (nfIfƒ) ˆ ubA sp, pfsk sn (zfpDp) ufbsk ifsv sp, kfv zbcid²¿dksk (kfv ²ÃDv hAfifsv) zfdm kfv iadk dhw¶fnOfkjkf jdvdb.'

…ÙÁ kInDv sKsj hcUf pfq sp, ˆ jKfv hÙÁf dYstb ƒ…ncI �. zKy zsbj kInDvjfvsjv dbje ˆefW pctfƒJfvƒ …dÙÁ dYt. …sÜwA ˆƒ sp, ƒ…ncI �-ˆv zbcid²¿dkskW kfsj dmKAfHfsh zihfl dlsq dJqfbk W dhw¶fnOfkjkf jvh bf. hvQ zfmfbklfvDv yfdrlf nfmsb svsJƒ zfdm zfmfv Hct öDjfv jvdY. zKhf …sÜwA ˆƒ sp, zfdm zfmfv öfmDv dJqfbk jdvdb ˆhQ sjfb hV ifi j'sv hdndb. ƒmfm ƒhsb kfƒdmqAfr, ƒhbct jfƒsqm W ƒhsb jfNDv (v}) ˆƒ mksjƒ iafLfbA dlsqsYb.

kxkDq …lfrvB } }��L(א�M��4ذ��>��(�� Gא)�2K)��٨٣(}و��3� �

ªkfvf skfmfsj pctj¶fvbfƒb nìsá duÎfnf jsv----.« (jfrI } 83)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) hstsYb, `k]fv bfm snsj¦lfv.' dj§Â ˆmb sjfb nrD ltDt sbƒ, pfv dHdÙsk htf pfq sp,

pctj¶fvbfƒsbv bfm snsj¦lfv. pctj¶fvbfƒb ˆv wfdèj zKG rt lcƒ dwQdhdwó. zfv k]fv

bfmjvsBv jfvB } spsrkc k]fv mfKfq hf²Àshƒ lcde dwQ dYt. djQhf jfvB ˆƒ sp, dkdb ixdKhDv iChG W idÇym iafs§À si]ZsY nCspGv (…lq-


zs²Àv nmq kfv) dwQ hf djvB iakA[ jsvdYstb. sj… sj… hstb, k]fv mfKfq dwsMv mk ycstv lcde U]cde dYt. iChGhkGD mcIfnXdnvosBv mkfbcnfsv dkdb rstb svfsmv zfstjufàfv, p]fv vfuk¶ dYt iChG-idÇym dh²Àxk. dj§Â zfLcdbj pcsov mcIfnXdnvoB zdHbh ‰dkrfdnj ksÙ¶v zfstfsjƒ k]fslv nfsK ˆjmk bb. dhswN jsv mWtfbf zfhct jftfm zfufl, dpdb pctj¶fvbfƒsbv öv™i W iajxkk¶ …lXOfesbv ubA sp oshNBf jsvsYb, kf iawQnfspfoA.

k]fv oshNBfv nfvmmG rt } (j) pctj¶fvbfƒb nìsá j¶cvzfb idv°jfv j'sv dlsqsY sp, dkdb

ˆmb ˆj hflwfr dYstb, pfsj zfïfr iaycv ifdKGh …ijvB W …iflfb lfb jsvdYstb.

(J) iChG W idÇysmv slwnmCrsj uq j'sv ˆmb ˆj ifrfVD vf²Àfq siZYstb, pfv zbA dlsj qAf'uCu-mf'uCu ufdk hfn jsv.

(o) snJfsb dkdb qAf'uCu-mf'ucsuv vf²Àf há jvfv ubA ˆjde muhck iafyDv dbmGfB jvstb.

(O) dkdb bAfqivfqB, zfïfr W ivjfst dhw¶fnD nmafe dYstb. (M) dkdb iahxdÙiCufvD W Lb-n©islv stfHD dYstb bf. mWtfbf zfufl hstb, ˆƒ nm²À ÈsBv zdLjfvD ˆjmfÛ

ifvsnAv snƒ nmafe pfsj ƒ…bfbD (oaDn) HfNfq nfƒvfn, ƒhvfbD (drha¢) HfNfq Jcvfn ˆhQ zfvhD HfNfq jfƒJfnXv¢ bfsm zdHdrk jvf rq. k]fv vfuk¶jft 539 dJaóiChG. mWtfbf zfsvf hstb, 1838 dJaófsè nfƒvfsnv ˆjde mCdkG ifWqf sosY, pfsk k]fv slrsj ˆmbHfsh slJfsbf rsqsY sp, k]fv wvDsvv lc dlsj „ostv mk lcde Ffbf ˆhQ sHVfv mk mfKfq lcde dwQ vsqsY. (dh²Àfdvk


laóhA } kvumfbct j¶cvzfb 1m Jà 399-430ix}) zfv zfïfrƒ Hfstf ufsbb. (zfrnfbct hfqfb)

ykcKG …lfrvB } }��3*$* ��א)��¼�:��Gא)�2K)��٩٣(}?�"*�o,�ذ�א��

ªytsk ytsk sn (pctj¶fvbfƒb) pJb lcƒ ihGk-iafyDsvv mLAhkGD ²¿st si]ZYt---.« (jfrI } 93)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, sn ihGk rt kcjGD slswv swN iaf§À. zKy ˆv sjfb ltDt sbƒ.

iÑm …lfrvB } }�b��*J�hא�Q$� �B��#��T�o�:�4��L(ن��و��%��:��*��"�1��$�L�(و�{)�٣٤�(G��ص �

ªzfdm nctfƒmfbsj ivD[f jvtfm ˆhQ kfv zfnsbv …iv vfJtfm ˆjde slr; zk}iv nctfƒmfb (zfmfv) zdHmcJD rt.« (n¶fl } 34)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb,�1�$"��:�%�ن��{L(}�و��א9�9�G��#Bوp"(�>(وذ�#K:��: �� :"��א

#%:4�a�� دא��i�J�[(א�$<�O��Tو.� ��zKGf{, `zfdm kfv vfuk¶ sjsV dbsq kfsj ivD[f jsvdYtfm.'

hAfifvef dYt, dkdb ˆj mdrtfsj Hfstfshsn dhsq jsvdYstb. dj§Â sn k]fv zufs§À k]fvƒ iafnfsl mCdkGiCuf jvk!

}��b��Jh�{��# <:1�Á�«א��,�.eن�و��$��3م��#K:��,ن��%�:�]B��#��T�o:4�I:Bو.� �


zKGf{, `nctfƒmfb zdHmcJD rt' mfsb dkdb djYcdlb iv dbu vfusk¶ dIsv ˆstb. zk}iv dbu zÌcvDq idvLfb j'sv dnQrfnsb …ishwb jvstb.

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) sp jfdrbDv iadk ƒdÌk jsvsYb, kfsk ns¦lr zfsY. spsrkc sn jfdrbDsk vsqsY …ÙÁ bhDv mfbrfdb ˆhQ k]fv idhÛ ²ÃDosBv …iv zfdLikA iadkôfv mskf tÏfubj hAfifv. zKy mrfb zfïfr iaskAj bhDv mfb-n©mfb v[f jsvsYb.

ksh k]fv ˆƒ ivD[f jD dYt, dnQrfnsb vfJf db®iafB slrde djsnv dYt? kf dnQrfnsb vfJfv zKG jD? ˆnh dhhvB j¶cvzfb ifsj hf sjfb nrDr rflDsn dhlAmfb sbƒ. ksh sjfb sjfb kInDvdhl nrDr rflDn äfvf iamfdBk ˆjde Oebfsj zfstfyA zfqfskv kInDv hst nfhA²À jsvsYb. Oebfv nfvmmG rt sp, ˆjhfv nctfƒmfb � öDq msbfHfh hAÙÁ jvstb sp, zfu vfsÛ zfdm zfmfv (70 hf 90 ub) njt ²ÃDv nsÌ nrhfn jvh, pfsk iaskAsjv oHG sKsj ˆj ˆjde n§Àfb u¦moarB jvsh, pfvf zfïfrv isK durfl jvsh. dj§Â ˆ msbfHfh hAÙÁ jvfv nmq dkdb `ƒbwfzfïfr' htsk Hcst sostb. (zKGf{ dkdb dbu klhDsvv …iv iCBG Hvnf j'sv hnstb.) pfsk It ˆƒ l]fVfstf sp, ²ÃDosBv msLA mfÛ ˆjub oHGhkD rstb ˆhQ k]fv oHG sKsj ˆjde mxk W zn©iCBG n§Àfb HCdmô rt. bhD � hstsYb, ªpdl nctfƒmfb � `ƒbwfzfïfr' htskb, kfrst k]fv iaskAj ²ÃDv oHG sKsj (k]fv zfwfbcv™i ˆj ˆjde) mcufdrl n§Àfb HCdmô rk.« (hcJfvD 2819, mcndtm 4375-4379bQ)


ˆƒ njt kInDvdhlslv msk n©Hhk} `ƒbwfzfïfr' bf htf hf ðLc dbu klhDsvv …iv Hvnf jvfefƒ dIkbf hf ivD[f dYt, sp dIkbfq nctfƒmfb �-sj sItf rsqdYt. zfv dnQrfnsbv …iv dbd[å slr ‰ zn©iCBG hf¤yf. zfv zfïfrƒ Hfstf ufsbb. (zfrnfbct hfqfb)

ˆ dYt ƒnvf„tD hBGbfv dHdÙsk jvf djYc kInDsvv bmcbf. ˆƒ swaBDv kInDsvv zbcv™i djYc kInDv zfsY, pf dHdÙrDb jfdrbD mfÛ. zfv kfskW zfsY bhDv wfsb zfOfk jvfv mskf jKf. spmb,

}��J�2�(ن��K�3א��ن�Q��#�(��و��Tن��)�%��l��و�)��Fg��l,�ذ�א��o�/�Xא):5#��و��Q��<;��(��:�j�*.�j��$�L�1��#�(��)�)�٣٦}א��J�9��G��w(و��3��א):5#��و��

ªzfïfr W k]fv vnCt sjfb dhNsq dbslGw dlst sjfb dhw¶fnD icv¢N djQhf dhw¶fnD bfvDv sn dhNsq dHâ dnÝfs§Àv zdLjfv Kfjsh bf. sj… zfïfr ˆhQ k]fv vnCstv zhfLA rst sn skf ±ióƒ iKëó rsh.« (‚rXpfh } 36)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb, ªzfïfr W k]fv vnCt sjfb dhNsq dbslGw dlst sjfb dhw¶fnD icv¢N djQhf dhw¶fnD bfvDv sn dhNsq (zfïfr W k]fv vnCstv dhivDk) dHâ dnÝfs§Àv zdLjfv Kfjsh bf.« (ˆ zfqfk zfècïfr dhb ufrXw W k]fv shfb pqbfshv wfsb zhkDBG rsqsY, pJb bhD � pfql dhb rfsvnfv nfsK dhhfr slWqfv ubA uqbfhsj iqofm dlsqdYstb. dj§Â k]fvf iChGLfvBf msk susbdYstb sp, bhD � k]fsj iqofm dlsqsYb dbsuv ubA. kfƒ k]fvf ˆ dhhfr ziY¦l jvstb. zk}iv) ªsj… zfïfr ˆhQ k]fv vnCstv zhfLA rst sn skf ±ióƒ iKëó rsh.« (ˆƒ


zfqfskv ubA …Hsq dhhfsr n©mk rsq sostb. nckvfQ bhD � pfqslv nsÌ kfv dhhfr dlstb. zk}iv djYc isv k]fv lxdó pqbfshv …iv iVt. Ist bhD �-ˆv r™lsq k]fv iadk Hfstfhfnf ˆhQ pfqslv r™lsq k]fv iadk OxBf ²¿fb sit. zk}iv pfql bhD �-sj htstb, `zfdm Wsj kftfj dlsk yfƒ.' dkdb htstb, `kcdm skfmfv ²ÃDsj kAfo jsvf bf---' spmb mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

}��M�N5:�(ل��L�Oو�,�ذ��D*Oو�א��>�B<��ز�و��4:��>� ��Jא):5#��4:��#��و��4��%:��#�� w�Oن��;D�?��#5:(س��و�א�א)�*�o��w�Oא):5#��>�$�3#��و��>� ��~�1�~��w�Oא):5#��و�

�ن��K�3��(��~�K�(��2�T��B*א�ز�وQ��|ز��3$��2و��o�/�X��*%�:�1��~�1ج��?��v��l�%(א�o�:�4��(��א��2*�و�|��Qא�و��T�ن��א):5#��/�Xذ�א��,��J�2��4�٣٧(}��ز�و�אج��د��(��G��

bאp?Vא� �ª±mvB jv, zfïfr pfsj zbcoar jsvsYb ˆhQ kcdmW pfv iadk

zbcoar jsvY, kcdm kfsj hstdYst, `kcdm skfmfv ²ÃDsj kAfo jsvf bf ˆhQ zfïfrsj Hq jv.' zfv kcdm skfmfv z§Àsv pf sofib jvdYst, zfïfr kf iajfw j'sv dls¤Yb; kcdm stfjsj Hq jvdYst, zKy zfïfrsjƒ Hq jvf skfmfv is[ zdLjkv nÌk. zk}iv pfsql pJb kfv (²ÃD pqbfshv) nfsK dhhfr-n©ijG dYâ jvt, kJb zfdm skfmfv nfsK kfv dhhfr dltfm; pfsk dhw¶fnDslv sifNAicÛoB dbu ²ÃDslv nfsK dhhfrnCÛ dYâ jvst sn nh vmBDsj dhhfr jvfq kfslv sjfb dhO bf Kfsj. zfv zfïfrv zfslw jfpGjv rsqƒ Kfsj.« (‚rXpfh } 37)


ªkcdm skfmfv z§Àsv pf sofib jvdYst, zfïfr kf iajfw j'sv dls¤Yb«-ˆƒ jKfv hAfJAfq dkdb dtsJsYb, `kf dYt pqbfshv iadk k]fv Hfstfhfnf ˆhQ ˆƒ jfmbf sp, pfql kfsj kftfj dlst, dkdb kfsj dhhfr jvshb.

zKy ˆ jKf iamfdBk bq. iv§Â kf dhshjoafrAW bq. jfvB kf bhczskv mpGflfv idvi§¿D. hvQ ndEj jKf rt kfƒ, pf rfnfb dhb zftD � hstsYb. dkdb hstsYb,

��Oن�א�� O��%:1وج�p"3ن��.<X�#Bن��زوא�K"��2��#�<��J:4��X�#�(,��9ل��K��(�#�4א��~j��$3ز�:��>B<�زو4:��> L1�ل��.�א�DOא��و��

��Oא��>#3$:�א��> ��i�~�Â��2وKBوp��~��>O©E��$X.� �zKGf{, (pqbfshv nfsK bhDv dhsqv zfsoƒ) mrfb zfïfr k]fv

bhDsj ufdbsq dlsqdYstb sp, dkdb k]fv zbAkm ²ÃD rshb. zk}iv pJb pfql � k]fv jfsY dbu ²ÃD (pqbfshv) zdHspfo dbsq ˆstb, kJb bhD � k]fsj htstb, `kcdm skfmfv ²ÃDsj kAfo jsvf bf ˆhQ zfïfrsj Hq jv.' mrfb zfïfr htstb, `zfdm skf skfmfsj Jhv dlsqdY sp, skfmfv nfsK zfdm kfv dhsq slh. zfv kcdm kf sofib jvY, pf zfïfr iajfw jvsYb.' (kInDv ƒhsb jfNDv)

smfejKf, ifdtk icsÛv ²ÃDv iadk mrfbhD �-ˆv siam-Hfstfhfnfv sp o¬i kInDsvv bfsm ifWqf pfq, kf hfbfsbf v™ijKf mfÛ. ndEj rt, ufsrtD pcso iaydtk iftj-iaKf hfdkt jvfv ubAƒ mrfbhD �-sj k]fv ifdtkicsÛv ²ÃDv nfsK dhhfr slWqfv jKf mrfb zfïfr zdoam ufdbsqdYstb. zfv stfjslvsj


Hq jvfv zKG rt, k]fv msb ˆƒ Hq dYt sp, stfsjvf htsh, slJ mcrf©mfl (ifdtk) icÛhLCsj dhhfr jvt.

ƒnvf„tD hBGbf-iaHfdhk zfsvf kInDv slJcb nCvf n¶fsl. mrfb zfïfr hstsYb,

�b��و��$�د��:{ �w(و��1]�.��א��g�%K�&(א�� OYو��#�K{)ص)��٢٠�G�� ªzfdm kfv vfuAsj nclxP jsvdYtfm ˆhQ kfsj dlsqdYtfm iaÎf

W hfdo¹kf.« (n¶fl } 20) uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) dtsJsYb,

}��#K:و�$د��{��i�#�3�� cس�وא¤��د�و�Tن�°�س�_�א�X�.B��(ن��h0h�g:�(�.T.� �

zKGf{, `iarvD W ³nbA-nfm§À äfvf kfv vfuk¶sj nclxP jsvdYtfm.' zfv iaskAj vfsÛ dÛw rfufv icv¢N k]fv dmrvfh (vfuiafnfl) ifrfvf dlk.

kInDsv sjht ifrfvf W ³nbA-nfm§À äfvf lf†l �-ˆv vfuk¶sj wdÙÁwftD W nclxP jvfv jKf htf rsqsY. zKy ˆmb nQJAf dbv™iB jvf ˆhQ sjht ³nbA-nfms§Àv hst vfuA nclxP rWqfv jKf ƒnvf„tD oæ YfVf djYc bq. spsrkc ˆjub bhDv vfuk¶ wdÙÁwftD rsh, k]fv hAdÙÁk¶, bhczskv mpGflf, zfLAfdk¹j wdÙÁ äfvf---ˆefƒ öfHfdhj. zfv snƒ nfsK Kfjsh iaycv ³nbA-nfm§À ˆhQ wÛ¢v iadk shisvfqf rWqfv nclxP msbfht.

iv§Â `dÛw rfufv iarvD'v ifrfvf slWqfv jKfW zj¬ibDq. khcW mcndtsmv …dyk, kf dmKAfqb bf jvf, zfv bf nkAfqb jvf.


dÛw rfufv iarvD ifrfvf nsÙ¶W jDHfsh dhhlmfb lcde stfj iafyDv dFdMsq k]fv iafnfsl nvfndv k]fv jfsY si]ZsY sot ˆhQ dkdb Hq sisq sostb? vfskv shtfq dÛw rfufv stfj p]fv ifrfvfq Kfsj, dlsbv shtfW k]fv jmsn-jm lw rfufv stfj ifrfvfq Kfjsh. kfƒ bq dj?

smfejKf, ˆƒ swaBDv ƒnvf„tD sj¤Yf-jfdrbDv hAfifsv zfmfslvsj ˆjde smZtbDdk msb vfJsk rsh.

ˆj } sp jKf zfmfslv wvDqsk hfdkt, kf hfdkt W zdhw¶fnA. lcƒ } sp jKf zfmfslv wvDqk nkA hst nf[A slq, (nrDrHfsh

iamfdBk) kf nkA hst dhw¶fnA. dkb } sp jKfv nkA-dmKAf rWqfv hAfifsv zfmfslv wvDqk

bDvh, sn jKfv hAfifsv zfmvf sHsh slJh sp, kf dhshjoafrA W pcdÙÁpcÙÁ dj bf? pdl kf rq, kfrst zfmvf kf bf nkA ufbh, zfv bf dmKAf ufbh. i[f§Àsv dhshjoafrA W pcdÙÁpcÙÁ bf rst zfmvf kf dmKAfƒ ufbh. jfvB wvqD ltDt bf Kfjst dhshj W pcdÙÁv ltDt oarB zhLfpG.

mrfb zfïfr lf†l �-ˆv jfdrbD hBGbfq hstsYb, skfmfv dbje dhhlmfb stfjslv hxÙf§À si]ZsYsY dj? pJb Wvf

iafyDv dFdMsq …ifnbf-js[ iashw jvt ˆhQ lf…slv dbje si]ZYt, kJb sn HDk rsq iVt. Wvf htt, `HDk rshb bf, zfmvf dhhflmfb lcƒ hAdÙÁ; zfmfslv ˆsj zisvv …iv pctcm (zkAfyfv) jsvsY; zkˆh zfmfslv msLA bAfq dhyfv jv¢b; zdhyfv jvshb bf ˆhQ zfmfslvsj ndEj iKdbslGw jv¢b.


}��g��ن�� Oو��]� �O��#�(�~�Eא��N�9�*,�ن��2��:��Tل��L�1��G�$�?و�א��g��~�(و��b�� w(�1~�א�~��*p�4و�{)ص)��٢٣�G��

ªˆ zfmfv Hfƒ, ˆv zfsY dbvfbêƒde lcìf, zfv zfmfv zfsY ˆjde; khcW sn hst, zfmfsj ˆde dlsq lfW ˆhQ ksjG sn zfmfsj rfdvsq dlsqsY.« (n¶fl } 21-23)

uftftcÜDb (vfdrmfùïfr) lcìfv hAfJAfq dtsJsYb `²ÃD'. hstsYb, zfvhDsk ˆmb iasqfodhdL iaydtk zfsY.

dj§Â ˆ hAfJAf jcvzfsbv ±iófsKGv idvi§¿D. ncdbdÇykHfsh ƒnvf„tD hBGbf-iaHfdhk.

dj§Â iaw Kfsj, lf†l �-ˆv …ÙÁ jfdrbD pdl mdrtf-nQÛÁf§À hAfifv bf rq, kfrst kWhf W dnulf djsnv ubA dYt?

lf†l �-ˆv sn jfu jD dYt, pfv ubA k]fsj Û¢de öDjfv ˆhQ kWhf, [mfiafKGbf W zbckfi iajfw jvfv zbcHCdk rt, zk}iv zfïfr kfzftf k]fsj [mf j'sv dlstb?

j¶cvzfb jfvDsm ˆv dh²Àfdvk zfstfybf ifWqf pfq bf ˆhQ sjfb nrDr rflDsnW ˆ dhNsq sjfb ±ió hBGbf sbƒ. Ist sjfb sjfb kInDvdhl ƒnaf„tD hBGbfv …iv dHdÙ j'sv ˆmbW jKf dtsJsYb, pfsk ˆjub bhDv mpGflfrfdb rq.

sjfb sjfb kInDvdhl; spmb ƒhsb jfNDv (v}) ˆ dhNsq ˆƒ bDdk zhtìb jsvsYb sp, pJb j¶cvzfb W rflDn ˆ dhNsq yci zfsY, kJb zfmfslvW ˆv diYsb iVf …dyk bq.

kInDvdhlslv ˆj kxkDq lt, pfvf …ÙÁ Oebfv djYc hBGbf dlsqsYb, pfsk j¶cvzfsbv z±ió dhNsqv djYc hAfJAf rsq pfq. ˆv isvW k]fvf sjfb ˆj vjm hAfJAfq nhGn©mk bb. nckvfQ sj…


sj… hstb sp, lf…l � sjfb ˆj Sndbjsj kfv ²ÃDsj kftfj slWqfv zfslw jsvdYstb. êf ‰ nmsq sjfb slfsNv dhNq dYt bf. lf†l � snƒ mdrtfv ÈBfhtD W yfdvdÛj idviCBGkfv jKf ufbskb. pfv Ist k]fv msb ˆƒ ƒ¤Yfv nÑfv rsqdYt sp, nfLfvB bfvD bf sKsj kfsj ˆjub vfbD rWqf lvjfv. pfsk kfv ÈBfhtD W yfdvdÛj iCBGkf äfvf icsvf slw …ijxk rsk ifsv. ˆ vjm ƒ¤Yf pkƒ Hft dy§Àf-Hfhbf dbsq jvf srfj, dj§Â iaKmk} ˆjfdLj ²ÃD hkGmfb Kfjf zh²¿fq ˆ jfu ˆj iajfv zswfHbDq. däkDqk} ˆƒ jKf hflwfv i[ sKsj iajfw jvfsk ˆj Lvsbv yfi iasqfo jvfv wfdmt dYt. Ist lf…l �-sj zdHbDk Oebf äfvf kf zswfHbDq rWqfv …itdé ialfb jvf rt ˆhQ nkA-nkAƒ dkdb nkjG rsq sostb.

zsbsj hstb, mcjfÜfmf dbsq zfok hAdÙÁäq dIdvñf dYstb, p]fvf ˆjde jf¬idbj mcjfÜfmf dbsq ˆsndYstb. ˆJfsb lf…l �-ˆv Hct ˆƒ dYt sp, dkdb hflDv jKf ðsbƒ Ifqnftf j'sv dlstb ˆhQ dhhflDv jKf swfbfv iasqfub msb jvstb bf. zfïfr kfzftf kf]v mpGflf hxdÝ jvfv ubA ˆƒ vjm ivD[f jvstb. ˆƒ Hct …itdé jvsk sisvƒ dkdb hcUsk ifvstb sp, êf zfïfrv i[ sKsj k]fv ivD[f dYt. zkˆh dkdb zfïfrv lvhfsv mfKf bk jvstb.

zsbsj hstb sp, zfok hAdÙÁäq dIdvñf bq, mfbcN dYt ˆhQ êf jf¬idbj Oebf bq, hvQ nkA UoVfƒ dYt; pfv Ifqnftf sbWqfv ubA kfvf ˆsndYt. ˆƒHfsh k]fv SLpG W nrbwDtkfv


ivD[f sbWqf rsqsY. jfvB …ÙÁ Oebfsk znrbDq W sÛÁfL-…sûjjv shw djYc zfyvB dYt.

iaKm } zbcmdk YfVfƒ iafyDv dFdMsq iashw jvf. däkDq } ƒhflskv dhswN nmsq ˆsn hfLf nxdó jvf. kxkDq } kfslv LxókfiCBG HdÌsk jKfhfkGf (zdhyfv jvshb bf

ƒkAfdl) pf k]fv dhyfvDq mpGflfv ubA rfdbjv dYt. dj§Â zfïfr kfzftf k]fv iadk zbcoar jsvb, Ist dkdb sÛÁfLfdb¶k bf rsq idviCBG SLpG W nrbwDtkfv idvyq slb. dj§Â kfv z§Àsv sp iajxdkok nfmfbA dhvfo nÑfv rsqdYt, kfsjƒ dkdb zfib Hct sHshdYstb. spsrkc êf zfïfrv i[ sKsj ivD[f dYt, snsrkc ˆv™i iajxdkok dhvfo nÑfv bf rWqfƒ …dyk dYt. pfv ubA dkdb zfïfrv dlsj v¢uc jsvdYstb ˆhQ [mf iafKGbfq vk rsqdYstb. zfv zfïfrƒ Hfstf ufsbb. (zfrnfbct hfqfb)

hV lc}sJv dhNq sp, bfvD-sbwf sisq hnfv hqsnƒ mfûfnfv YfÛvf ˆƒ ùftftfƒb wvDI' zLAqb j'sv ufbsk ifsv sp, lf†l bhD bfvD-siasm isVdYstb. siasm isVdYstb k]fv icÛ nctfƒmfb bhDW. ˆmb dj nhGswaô bhD zfmfslv bhDW bfvD-siasm isV ifdtk icsÛv ²ÃDsj dhsq jsvdYstb! (bf†pc dhïfdr dmb pfdtj.)

ufdb bf, …ÙÁ kInDsvv mclfdvGnoB sn hAfifsv nkjG rsq iVfb dj bf? bfdj v¢deb drnfsh sjht sjfnG swN jsvb ˆhQ nrDr zfjDlf W ndEj dhw¶fsnv mfKf sJsq ndEj W ðÝ ƒntfm iayfsv hAKG Kfsjb.

sr zfïfr! kcdm zfmfslv „mfb W ƒntfmsj ƒnvf„tD hBGbf W zfoafnb sKsj sHuftmcÙÁ jv ˆhQ zfmfslv mfûfnfÈstfsk kfrj¶Dj¶D sykbfv nc¦lv idvshw ³kvD j'sv lfW. (zfmDb)


idvdwó ˆ dYt kInDsvv djYc Û¢de-dhycAdkv bmcbf. zhwA kfv mfsb ˆƒ

bq sp, kInDvdev jlv jsm sot, kf zfv iVf hf iVfsbf pfsh bf. dhwft …ijfdvkfv mfsU nfmfbA ˆ dhycAdk lw wkfQwW bq. ksh ifEjsj---dhswN j'sv mfûfnfv mclfdvGn W kfstsh ƒtXmsj nkjG jvf uv¢vD dYt, kfƒ dhNqdev zhkfvBfv zfhwAjkf dYt.

ˆƒ nmD[f ifE j'sv zfwf jdv kInDsv pfmfJwfvD W jfwXwfI iamcJ kInDsvv hAfifsv njst nkjG rshb. spmb nkjG rshb mWtfbf zfjvfm Jfsbv hfQtf kInDv iVfv hAfifsv.

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